RF2AMHJB1–Marloths Aloe, Baumaloe, Baum-Aloe, Berg-Aloe, Bergaloe (Aloe marlothii), Puerto de Mogan, Gran Canaria, Spanien
RFR4KJ53–
RFR4KJ4R–
RM2D7PT9A–South Africa History: Tetragonia fruticosa L. - detail of Plate 48 of Rudolf Marloth's 'Flora of South Africa' vol. 1 (1913) ca. 1913
RM2AXC40K–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 309.—Hibiscus. I. Corolla, with petals adherent to monadelphousstamens. II. Diagram. (From Edmonds and Marloths ElementaryBotany for South Africa .) H. calycinus, Willd., and H. Ludwigii, E. and Z., are tall shrubs
RMAK0BTG–Close-up of a leaf of Aloe marlothii showing details of spines - Marloth's Mountain Aloe
RM2AXE5C5–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 136.—Convolute aestivation of Oxalis (the sepals are imbricate).(From Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany for South Africa.) within another. They are twisted or convolute. In Crassulaand Adenandra one is quite within the others and one overlapsby both its edges. Which aestivation is more common ?.
RF2AMHJF5–Marloths Aloe, Baumaloe, Baum-Aloe, Berg-Aloe, Bergaloe (Aloe marlothii), Puerto de Mogan, Gran Canaria, Spanien
RFR4KJ4J–
RM2AXE508–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 137.—Imbricate aestivationof both sepals and petals.(From Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany for SouthAfrica.) Fig. 138. — Plumbago.Stamens, honey glands,and pistil. (From Hens-lows South AfricanFlowering Plants.) Honey glands are the parts of flowers which secretenectar. In the Buttercup [Ranunculus) and Grewia a gland isplaced at the base of each petal. Geranium has a gland atthe base of each long stamen. These flowers are regular and 144 Plants and their Ways in South Africa the glands are evenly distributed around the flower. Inzygomorphic f
RF2AMHJAP–Marloths Aloe, Baumaloe, Baum-Aloe, Berg-Aloe, Bergaloe (Aloe marlothii), Puerto de Mogan, Gran Canaria, Spanien
RM2AXE573–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 137.—Imbricate aestivationof both sepals and petals.(From Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany for SouthAfrica.) Fig. 138. — Plumbago.Stamens, honey glands,and pistil. (From Hens-lows South AfricanFlowering Plants.) Honey glands are the parts of flowers which secretenectar. In the Buttercup [Ranunculus) and Grewia a gland isplaced at the base of each petal. Geranium has a gland atthe base of each long stamen. These flowers are regular and 144 Plants and their Ways in South Africa the glands are evenly distributed around the flower. Inzygomorphic f
RF2AMHJBG–Marloths Aloe, Baumaloe, Baum-Aloe, Berg-Aloe, Bergaloe (Aloe marlothii), Puerto de Mogan, Gran Canaria, Spanien
RM2AXE5XE–Plants and their ways in South Africa . 129.—Section through flower ofBarosma crenulata, Hook., after theremoval of the petals (magnified): st,fertile stamens; sto, barren stamens(staminodes); d, lobes of disk. (FromEdmonds and Marloths ElementaryBotany for South Africa.) base of the anthers (basifixed). In Jasmine the filaments ex-tend between the anthers (adnate) In grasses and in Bulbinellathe filaments are so joined to the centre of the anther at the backthat they easily swing (versatile). Versatile anthers are fre-quently found where pollen is conveyed from them to the stigmasby wind. The
RF2AMHJF2–Marloths Aloe, Baumaloe, Baum-Aloe, Berg-Aloe, Bergaloe (Aloe marlothii), Puerto de Mogan, Gran Canaria, Spanien
RM2AXE35J–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 143.^Compound umbel of Bubon. (From Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany for South Africa .) on the stem. In other umbels of this order the central flowersopen first. The simple umbel oi Nerine (Fig. 142) is definite, as theyare in Asclepias, Hydrocotyle, Sparmannia. (The youngestflowers in the Sunflower family are always at the centre but inScabiosa the heads are cymose. These definite umbels mayconsist of condensed clusters of cymes as in Agapaiithus. The garden Foxglove sometimes, instead of rearing statelyracemes of flowers, has a large termin
RF2AMHJF1–Marloths Aloe, Baumaloe, Baum-Aloe, Berg-Aloe, Bergaloe (Aloe marlothii), Puerto de Mogan, Gran Canaria, Spanien
RM2AXE64R–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 128. -Stamens of Cyanella ca-pensis, L, Fig. 129.—Section through flower ofBarosma crenulata, Hook., after theremoval of the petals (magnified): st,fertile stamens; sto, barren stamens(staminodes); d, lobes of disk. (FromEdmonds and Marloths ElementaryBotany for South Africa.) base of the anthers (basifixed). In Jasmine the filaments ex-tend between the anthers (adnate) In grasses and in Bulbinellathe filaments are so joined to the centre of the anther at the backthat they easily swing (versatile). Versatile anthers are fre-quently found where polle
RM2AXC3ED–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 309.—Hibiscus. I. Corolla, with petals adherent to monadelphousstamens. II. Diagram. (From Edmonds and Marloths ElementaryBotany for South Africa .) H. calycinus, Willd., and H. Ludwigii, E. and Z., are tall shrubs. Fig. 2,^o.—Malva. I. Portion of plant (reduced). II. Pistil. (FromThom^ and Bennetts Structural and Physiological Botany.) with large yellow flowers and dark purple centres. Somespecies are low herbs with smaller flowers. Five pointed teeth 332 Plants and their Ways in South Africa crowning the staminal tube are considered to represent t
RM2AXCJCN–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 255.—A, Catkin or amentum of the Oak. I. Flower of Oak. II.Female flowers. (Both x 3.) (From Edmonds and Marloths ElementaryBotany for South Africa .) The flowers of Willows, Poplars, and Myrica (the Wax Bush) are sub-tended by a single bract. The staminate flowers of the Oak have agreenish 6-parted perianth. The few genera in each order, the simpleflowers and fossil forms, indicate that these orders represent very oldfamilies of flowering plants. Salicaceae.—Flowers dioecious. Capsules containingmany minute seeds. The order contains two genera, Pop
RM2AXE5GX–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 134.—Disperis capensis, Swtz.(Moeder capjes or Hottentot bon-nets). Fig. 135.—Valvate aestivation of Aca-cia horrida, Willd. (From Edmondsand Marloths Elementary Botanyfor South A frica.) shaped, like the Pea, they are irregular or zygomorphic.^Bright-coloured flowers are often zygomorphic. Flowers built on the plan of three often have sepals andpetals of similar shape and colour. By this time you have ob-served that certain flowers have three sepals, three petals, andthat the stamens and carpels are also three or some multiple ofthree, while others
RM2AXDJWB–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 167.—Floret of Sow-thistle.(From Edmonds and Mar-loths Elementary Botanyfor South Africa .) cluster or an etaerio of fruits. In borne above the perianth. A dry one-seeded superior fruitIn the Strawberry the receptacle is convex and fleshy; in the rose it hairy ovaries. Fig. 168.—Tailed acheneof Protea me I lifer a,Thunb. (From Ed-monds and Marloths Elementary Botany forSouth Africa .) these flowers the ovary is is an achene.which bears the achenesis hollow, andiconceals the 1/6 Plants and their Ways in South Africa Tripteris, Trlaspis, Dodonaea, Com
RM2AXC8JP–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 302,—I. Section through flower of Barosma crenulata, Hook., after theremoval of the petals (magnified): st, fertile stamens; sto^ barren stamens(staminodes) ; d, lobes of disc. II, Diagram of flower ; sto, staminodes ; d,disc. (PYom Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany for South Africa.) leaves mostly opposite, bordered with glands. B. cretmlata^Hook., is the true Buchu . Agathosma.—Petals longer than the calyx. Staminodia,like slender clawed petals. Ovary 2-4 lobed. Small shrubs,with alternate or rarely opposite leaves. Flowers in heads orumbels
RM2AXDJF9–Plants and their ways in South Africa . loret of Sow-thistle.(From Edmonds and Mar-loths Elementary Botanyfor South Africa .) cluster or an etaerio of fruits. In borne above the perianth. A dry one-seeded superior fruitIn the Strawberry the receptacle is convex and fleshy; in the rose it hairy ovaries. Fig. 168.—Tailed acheneof Protea me I lifer a,Thunb. (From Ed-monds and Marloths Elementary Botany forSouth Africa .) these flowers the ovary is is an achene.which bears the achenesis hollow, andiconceals the 1/6 Plants and their Ways in South Africa Tripteris, Trlaspis, Dodonaea, Combretum (Roo
RM2AXD0CD–Plants and their ways in South Africa . YQ.22(i.—Restioc7ispidatus^Ixni. I. Stamen-bearing plant (112). II.Pistil-bearing plant (112). III. Staminate flower ( x 4). IV. Diagram of sta-minate flower. V. Pistil ( x 4). (From Edmonds and Marloths ElementaryBotany for South Africa .) Classification of Plants 251 Order Commelinace^. This order consists of a few genera of creeping or spread-ing herbs with sheathing leaves and jointed stems. Theflowers wither quickly, and, unlike most monocotyledons, thecalyx is green and the corolla only is coloured. Anthers ofsome filaments are either wanting
RM2AXCA14–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 294.—Geraniutn. I. Pistil with honey-glands below the ovary. II.Carpels splitting from the central column of coherent margins. {From Thom6and Bennetts Structural and Physiological Botany .) I.. Fig. 295.—Pelargonium cucullattim. Ait. I. Section through flower, 2^sepals and 2^ petals being removed ; Sp, hollow spur of upper sepal. II. Stylewith stigmas ready for pollination. III. Diagram of flower. (From Edmondsand Marloths Elementary Botany for South Africa .) commonly called Geraniums, from which they differ in the irregularflowers, the stamens, an
RM2AXCMT9–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 248.—I. Floral Diagram of Disa. (From Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany for Souih Africa .) II. Pollen masses of an orchid joinedwith caudicles to a single gland. (From Thomd and Bennetts Structural andPhysiological Botany .) Key to Some of the Larger Genera of Orchids. A, Anthers lid-like.B. Pollen masses 2-8, waxy. Not joined to agland of the rostellum.Petals linear; lip entire; terrestrial or epiphytic. Pollinia 4 . . Liparis. BB. Pollen masses waxy, stalk united to a glandof the rostellum.C. Lip not spurred ; 3-lobed ; epiphytic . Polystach
RM2AXBT35–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 338.—I. Floral diagram of Halleria flower. II. Bilocular ovary ofAntirrhinum. (From Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany for SouthAfrica). Diascia.—Corolla 2-lipped, but more regular than inNemesia. Upper lip 2-parted, lower 3-parted. Middle lobeoften notched. As in Nemesia the two longer (front) stamenscurve round and clasp the upper pair. Annuals or persistent herbs, often spreading, with dark wine-colouredor purplish flowers. Eastern and Western. In dry, sandy soil. Forty-seven species in South Africa. CC. Corolla with a single pouch or spur at
RM2AXBMEM–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 349.—Sphenogyne anthem-aides, R. Br. Achene withscaly pappus. (From Edmondsand Marloths ElementaryBotany for South Africa .) Classification of Plants 369 Ursinia differs from Sphenogyne in having within thepappus scales an inner row of slender bristles.. Fig. 350.—Eriocephalus umbellulatus, D.C. (Photograph by E. J. Steer, Esq.)A A. Anthers without tails. Pappus none.Eriocephalus (Woolly head), the Capok-bosch.—24 37o Plants and their Ways in South Africa Heads small, the rays usually broad and heart-shaped, bearingfruit. Disc flowers bearing stamen
RM2AXDY9N–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 151.—Montinia acris,tipped by an ovary, II,staminate flowers. L. I. BranchBranch bearing Fig. 152. — Cliffortiartiscifolia, L. I. staminate flower. II.Section through femaleflower. (From Ed-monds and Marloths Elementary Botanyfor South Africa.) has a sharp taste, from which it gets its last name. The flowersof this bush, Montinia acris^ L., are not so very pretty, but the 153 154 Plants and their Ways in South Africa dry rattle of last years pods bids us examine the flowers ofthis season. We find a small white flower with four petals. Fig. 153.—Melo
RM2AXFG7K–Plants and their ways in South Africa . dicle of embryo ; c, the cotyle-dons ; y, the micropyle end ofseed, with the rootlet directed to-wards it. //. Germination com-mencing: A, Testa ; s, ruptured,and rootlet; w, protruding ; r, redmembrane inside testa ; x, rup-tured embryo sac : B, portion oftesta removed ; e, endosperm : C,longitudinal section; c, cotyle-dons : D, transverse section. ///.Germination complete, the coty-ledons, c, unfolding, and the hy-pocotyledonary part of stem, he,elongated, the main root, iv, de-veloping lateral rootlets, w.(From Edmonds and Marloths Elementary Botany f
RMRDWDF5–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. FlG. 134.—DispfTJ^ caf'ensis, Swtz. (Moeder capjes or Hottentot boii- FKi. 13c;.—Valvate .lestivation of Aca- ! hi horrida, Willd. (From Edmonds and Marloths ''jLlementary liotany for South Africa ".) shaped, like the Pea, they are irregular or zygomorphic.^ Bright-coloured flowers are often zygomorphic. Flowers built on the plan of three often have sepals and petals of similar shape and colour. By this time you have ob- served that certain flowers have three sepals, three petals, and that the stamens and carpels are also three or s
RMRDWDGK–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Stamens of Cyandla ca- Fig. 129.—.Section through flower of Barosma oxnulafa, Hook., after the removal of the petals (magnified) ; st, fertile stamens ; ^to, barren stamens (staminodes) ; rf, lobes of disk. (From Edmonds and Marloth's '' Elementary Botany for .South Africa ".) base of the anthers (basifixed). In Jasmine the filaments ex- tend between the anthers (adnate) In grasses and in BuUn>iella the filaments are so joined to the centre of the anther at the back that they easily swing (versatile). Versatile anthers are fre- q
RMRDTFTH–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. I'^IG. 309.—Hibisi:i/s. I. Corolla, with petals adherent to monadclphous stamens. II. Diagram. (tYom Edmonds and Marloth's "Elementary Botany for South .Africa ".) a. laiviiiuis, Willd., and II. ludwigii, E. and Z., are tall shrubs. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stoneman, Bertha. London, New York, Longmans, Green
RMRDWD70–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Fig. 167.—Floret of Sow-thistle. (From Edmonds and Mar- loth's " Elementary Botany for South .Africa ".) Fig. 168.—Tailed achene of Protea jru'tlifera, Thunb. (From Ed- monds and Marloth's " Elementary Botany for South Africa ".) cluster or an etasrio of fruits. In these flowers the ovary is borne above the perianth. A dry one-seeded superior fruit is an achene. In the Strawberry the receptacle which bears the achenes is convex and fleshy ; in the rose it is hollow, andconceals the hairy ovaries.. Please note that the
RMRDWDEF–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Fig. 137.—Imbricate aestivation of both sepals and petals. (From Edmonds and Marloth's " Elementary Botany for South Africa.") Fig. 138. — Plumbago. Stamens, honey glands, and pistil. (From Hens- low's "South African Flowering Plants ".) Honey glands are the parts of flowers which secrete nectar. In the Buttercup {Raniiiici/lus) and Grewia a gland is placed at the base of each petal. Geranium has a gland at the base of each long stamen. These flowers are regular and. Please note that these images are extracted from sc
RMRDTFRJ–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Fig. 318.—Bubun Galbamnn, L. I. Flower. II. Floral diagram. (I-"|-oin Edmonds and Marloth's " Elementary Botany for South Africa".) South Africa, as in the case of so many other plants, the flower- ing stalks often appear after the leaves, which have prepared food to be stored in underground reser^'oirs. They have alternate, exstipulate, much-divided leaves sheathing the stem. Or the leaves ma- be entire with narrowed petioles. The flowers are usually arranged in compound umbels with an involucre. Sepals 5, small. Petals
RMRDWD4B–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. '>-^. Fig. 183.—Ripe seed of Epilobinm^ FiG. 184.—Leuaidendron argen- with coronet of hairs (magnified). teum^ R. Br. Nut witil persist- (Froni Tlloin^ and Bennett's ent style and calyx, the latter " Structural and Physiological split at its base and prevented Botany ".) fromslipping ofTby the knobby stigraa. (From Edmonds and Marloth's " Elementary Bo- tany for South Africa".) plant and remain there they would have a hard struggle for existence in soil already exhausted. The flowers of Albuca hang downward and pro
RMRDWDCE–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. 148 Plants and their Ways in Sontit Africa the main shoot which then sends out late all shoots with cymose racemes.. Fin. 144.—("jfi/'nii aipkiiifolia. .Spr. I. Seciioii iliiough hciid. II. Disk Horet. (from Edmonds and Marloth's " lilenienlaiy Botany for South Africa".) FlowiiR Arrangkments. General Mt'Unnl. Kinds of Clustei's. Indefinite . Si'iKi- —Catkin : deciduous, pistillate and staniinate flowers ; Oak. Spadix : flesliy spike ; .Arum. Cone: parts hard and woody ; I*'ir, Lniiiulnnlrtiit.. Please note that these image
RMRDTFTF–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. I'^IG. 309.âHibisi:i/s. I. Corolla, with petals adherent to monadclphous stamens. II. Diagram. (tYom Edmonds and Marloth's "Elementary Botany for South .Africa ".) a. laiviiiuis, Willd., and II. ludwigii, E. and Z., are tall shrubs. Fig. â y.o.âMnlva. I. Portion of plant (reduced). II. Pistil. (From Thome and Bennett's " Structural and Physiological Botany".) with large yellow flowers and dark purple centres. Some species are low herbs with smaller flowers. iMve pointed teeth. Please note that these images are extract
RMRDTFX6–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Fig. 295.—Pelargonium cucullatum, Ait. I. Section through flower, 2-^- sepals and 2^- petals being removed ; Sp, hollow spur of upper sepal. II. Style with stigmas ready for pollination. III. Diagram of flower. (From Edmonds and Marloth's " Elementary Botany for South Africa ".) commonly called Geraniums, from which they differ in the irregular flowers, the stamens, and the one gland. The flowers often gie forth a delightful odour at twilight.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have
RMRDWD9R–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Fig. 151.—Montinia acris, tipped by an ovary. II. staminate flowers. L. I. Branch Branch bearing Fig. 152. — Clifforfia n/scifolia^ L. I. staminate flower. II. Section through female flower. (From Ed- monds and Marloth's " Elementary Botany for South Africa".) has a sharp taste, from which it gets its last name. The flowers of this bush, Montinia acris, L., are not so very pretty, but the 153. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration
RMRDWCNF–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Fig. 248.—I. Floral Diagram of Disa. (From Edmonds and Marloth's ** Elementary Botany for South Africa ".} II. Pollen masses of an orchid joined with caudicles to a smgle gland. (F""rom Thomi^ and Bennett's " Structural and Physiological Botany".) Key to Some of the Larger Genera of Orchids. A. Anthers lid-like. B. Pollen masses 2-8, waxy. Not joined to a gland of the rostellum. Petals linear; lip entire; terrestrial or epiphytic. Pollinia 4 . BB. Pollen masses waxy, stalk united to a gland of the rostellum. C. L
RMRDWCW1–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. Fig. 226. —A'^m7?'c r/^.y^ii/tj/z/v,'1 hanb. I. ytamen-beariiig plant 1112). II. Pistil-bearing plant (112). 111. Staminate flower ( n 4). IV. Diagram of sta- raioate flower. V. Pistil ( x 4). (From I'Zdmonds and Marloth's " Elementary Botany for .South Africa".). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stoneman, Bertha. London, New York, Longmans, G
RMRDWCY5–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. 24; Plants and their IVays in South Africa P. chnigata, L'Her. (Outeniqua Yellow Wood) has narro- leaves and a small crimson receptacle. These monarchs of the East attain a girth of 30 feet and some are estimated to be a thousand )ears old.. f^ir;. 216.—Piidocarpus etongafa, L'Her. I. Branch (^t) with three stamen- bearing spikes. II. Ovule-bearing scale. III. Section through the latter,show- ing one ovule. IV. Ripe pseudocarp : r, fleshy receptacle ; b, seed enclosed in green resinous scale. (From Edmonds and Marloth's " Elementa
RMRE1KN3–. South African botany. Botany. 14 SOUTH AFRICAN BOTANY. Pig. 9.—Germination of the Date Seed (Phoenix dactyUfera). I. Transverse section of seed before germination. II. The seed germinat- ing, and radicle growing downwards. III. Later stage. The leaves (6', 6") can be made out. IV. Later stage. The foliage leaves (6', b") have appeared above ground. A, B, and 0. Transverse sections of seed in IV : A at xx, B at xy, C at sz. e. Endosperm, s. Sheath of cotyledon, st. Its stalk, c. Tip of cotyledon, w. Primary root. w'. Secondary root. h. Pileorhiza. (Prom Edmonds and Marloth's "
RMRDWCBT–. Plants and their ways in South Africa. Botany; Botany. II. Fi'5- 351-—Heliplerumcatiexens,i.Q. I. Flower. II. Diagr.lm of disc- flower, (from Edmonds and Marloth's "Elementary Botany foi- South Africa",) Much-liranched shrubs with heutli-like, spirally twisted leaves.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stoneman, Bertha. London, New York, Longmans, Green
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