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RMPG28M3–. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. Fig. 314. Rhinanthus major, Ehrh., var. hirsutus. All. (after Herm. Mttller). A. Flower after removal of the calyx, in longitudinal section. B. Uppermost part of the flower, after removal of the right half of the corolla, seen from the right side. C. Upper part of a flower, seen from the front. D. Do., after removal of lower lip (x 3i). hth, humble-bee door; fth, Lepidopterid door; «, nectary ; ov, ovary; j/, stigma. while the stigma remains in its original
RMRDEG03–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 8o MYCOtOGY. Fig. 26.—A foliaceous lichen, Parmelia perlata. i, Plant slightly reduced in size; a, apothecia; b, lobe of thallus; c, patches of soredia; 2, longitudinal section of apothecium and cross-section of thallus; o, ascus; b, c, hypothecium; d. upper gonidial (upper algal) layer; e, medullary layer; /, lower gonidial layer; g, lower cortical layer; I, 3, cross-section of vegetative thallus. (From Gager. After Schneider.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned
RMPG4BFJ–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 130.—Sections of Maple leaves showing the upper epidermis ruptured by 1, RKytisma acerinwm; 2, Rhytisma 2mnctatum. Fig. 131.—Rhytisma symvietricum Miill. Two leaves of Salix purpurea vrith stromata. A, The upper side. B, The lower side. C, Longitudinal section through the same leaf, showing numerous apothecia on the upper side, fewer on the lower ; the shaded middle part represents leaf-tissue, the remainder is
RMRDD9EH–. Feeds and feeding abridged : the essentials of the feeding, care, and management of farm animals, including poultry : adapted and condensed from Feeds and feeding (16th ed.). Feeds; Animal nutrition. Fig. 4 -Plant Cells, Magnified 350 Times A, Cell wall; b, nucleus, or life center of cell; c, strands of protoplasm; d, spaces filled with cell sap; e, chlorophyll bodies. (After Strassburger.) Fig. 4.—Section of Leaf, Magnified 400 Times A, Stoma, or openings on under side of leaf thru which air enters; b, chloro- phyll bodies in leaf cells; d, lower epidermal cells of leaf; e, upper epidermal
RMPG0D2K–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 218 POEOXYLEAE [CH.. Fig. 464. Poroxylon. A, B, Poroxylon Boysseti. A, transverse section of leaf in the region of lateral expansion of the petiole; E, portion of vascular tissue of A. C—E, Poroxylon Edwardsii. C, leaf-trace showing recent separation of the two protoxylems; D, leaf-trace at a lower level with more widely separated protoxylems, px; B, leaf-trace intermediate between C and D. (From photographs suppUed by Prof. Bertrand.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been dig
![. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. 32° STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY least two layers of cells, of which the inner, more delicate layer has usually perished. The outer wall. Fig. 119.—Zygoftteris, sp. 1. Group of four sporangia, on a common pedicel (a) x 10. i. Two sporangia on pedicel. The uppei shows the annulus (c) in surface -view, with spores exposed aty"; the lower is in section. X 20. 2 bis. Sporangium, cut in plane passing through annulus. 3. Group of sporangia in transverse section. X 20. Lettering common to the figures : a, common peduncle ; b, sporangial wall ; <,-, annu Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDBCJ8/studies-in-fossil-botany-paleobotany-32-studies-in-fossil-botany-least-two-layers-of-cells-of-which-the-inner-more-delicate-layer-has-usually-perished-the-outer-wall-fig-119zygoftteris-sp-1-group-of-four-sporangia-on-a-common-pedicel-a-x-10-i-two-sporangia-on-pedicel-the-uppei-shows-the-annulus-c-in-surface-view-with-spores-exposed-atyquot-the-lower-is-in-section-x-20-2-bis-sporangium-cut-in-plane-passing-through-annulus-3-group-of-sporangia-in-transverse-section-x-20-lettering-common-to-the-figures-a-common-peduncle-b-sporangial-wall-lt-annu-RDBCJ8.jpg ". Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. 32° STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY least two layers of cells, of which the inner, more delicate layer has usually perished. The outer wall. Fig. 119.—Zygoftteris, sp. 1. Group of four sporangia, on a common pedicel (a) x 10. i. Two sporangia on pedicel. The uppei shows the annulus (c) in surface -view, with spores exposed aty"; the lower is in section. X 20. 2 bis. Sporangium, cut in plane passing through annulus. 3. Group of sporangia in transverse section. X 20. Lettering common to the figures : a, common peduncle ; b, sporangial wall ; <,-, annu Stock Photo")
RMRDBCJ8–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. 32° STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY least two layers of cells, of which the inner, more delicate layer has usually perished. The outer wall. Fig. 119.—Zygoftteris, sp. 1. Group of four sporangia, on a common pedicel (a) x 10. i. Two sporangia on pedicel. The uppei shows the annulus (c) in surface -view, with spores exposed aty"; the lower is in section. X 20. 2 bis. Sporangium, cut in plane passing through annulus. 3. Group of sporangia in transverse section. X 20. Lettering common to the figures : a, common peduncle ; b, sporangial wall ; <,-, annu
RMPG0DAF–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. B pL-. ,^-d --It — e Pig. 144. Lepidodendron Veltheimianum Stemb. A. Leaf-cushion and leaf-scar seen in surface-view at a ; on the rest of the specimen a slightly lower surface is exposed. (After Stur.) B. Diagrammatic longitudinal section to explain the differences between its two surfaces a and 6 shown in fig. A. The shaded portion c represents the rock matrix, the surfaces ab, ed, mark the outer and inner edge of the outer portion of the bark of the Lepidodendron stem. It, leaf-trace ; p, p', pariohnos. plants, and it is th
RMRDP4PT–. Scientific lectures. Science; Natural history; Archaeology. Fig. 2.—Flower of Lamium album.. Fig. 3.—Section of ditto. expanded at the upper end (Fig. 2), where the lower lobe of the corolla forms a platform, on each side of B. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Lubbock, John, Sir, 1834-1913. London, New York, Macmillan and Co.
RMPFXXRJ–. A dictionary of the fossils of Pennsylvania and neighboring states named in the reports and catalogues of the survey ... Paleontology. margin; Fig. 10, partition (septum) across inner chamber (as at S', fig. la, pi. 33.); Fig. 11, section of apex broken off at septa in inner chamber. Fig. 12, inner surface of chamber of habitation, enlarged.—On plate 23, are figs. 1, 1^, b casts of chamber of habitation and inner chambers; septa, at *', s'.; fig. Ic, end view of conical specimen, showing cast of an inner chamber, etc. Other figures omitted.—Lower Cambrian^ L, C. Mazonia woodiana, Meek and W
RMRDY2JN–. The microscope : an introduction to microscopic methods and to histology. Microscopes. Fig. 173. Compensation Oculars of Zeiss, with section removed to show the construction. The line A-A is at the level of the upper end of the tube[of the microscope while B-B represents the lower focal points. Zeiss recommends the use of the compensation oculars if one desires a greater magnification than the projection oculars give.. Fig. 174. Bull's eye lens and holder. (Bausch & LomhOpl. Co.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced f
RMPG14H6–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 1. Tig. 424. Trigonocarpws. 1. Section of imperfect seed showing a mioropyle; b, sclerotesta; c, cast of seed-cavity; 2, 3, apical and basal view of seed-cast. (Approximately nat. size.) M. S.. Fig. 425. Trigonocarpus Parhinsoni. A. Impression showing the nucule and sarcotesta. (= CarpoUthes alata Lind. and Hutt.) B. Specimen with long micropyle. (A, nat. size; from the Lower Coal Measures of Kilmarnock; B, nat. size; Middle C. M. of Yorkshire. Kidston Coll., 1579 and 1062.). Please note that these images are extracted from sc
RMRE0R79–. The Eusporangiatae; the comparative morphology of the Ophioglossaceae and Marattiaceae. Ophioglossaceae; Marattiaceae. 102 THE OPHIOGLOSSALES through the mesophyll do not project at the surface as veins. In the section Phyllo- trichtum, where the sterile lamina is horizontal, stomata are developed only upon the lower surface. In these forms the mesophyll is more compact upon the upper side, but does not develop a distinct palisade layer. The epidermal cells may be simply elongated, e. g., B. lanuginosum, or they may be undulate, e. g., B. virgtntanum. The development of the stomata was exami
RMPG4AAA–. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. ROOTS 33 primary roots, that is, a cluster proceeding from the lower end of the hypocotyl at the outset. If such roots become thickened, like those of the sweet potato and the dahlia (Fig. 17), they are known 2t& fascicled roots.. A B C Fig. 14. Dodder growing upon a Golden-Rod Stem. »â , seedling dodder plants, growing in earth; h, stem of host; r, haustoria or parasitic roots of dodder; ?, scale-like leaves; ji, magnified section of a portion of willow stem, showing penetration of haustoria.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanne
RMRDFDE0–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 430 BENNETTITALES [CH. receptacle some sterile megasporophylls and scales remained (fig. 548, as, dl). Williamson regarded the funnel-shaped depression as the impression of the lower surface of a laterally expanded portion of. Fig. 546. Williamsonia gigas. A, apical portion of flower. B, cast of A; a, per- sistent interseminal scales. C, flower in longitudinal section. C, interseminal scales from the base. (Williamaon Collection, Botany School, Cambridge.) the axis of the flower, and to this expansion he gave the name lenticul
RMPFXXRP–. A dictionary of the fossils of Pennsylvania and neighboring states named in the reports and catalogues of the survey ... Paleontology. Matt. 382 UC. margin; Fig. 10, partition (septum) across inner chamber (as at S', fig. la, pi. 33.); Fig. 11, section of apex broken off at septa in inner chamber. Fig. 12, inner surface of chamber of habitation, enlarged.—On plate 23, are figs. 1, 1^, b casts of chamber of habitation and inner chambers; septa, at *', s'.; fig. Ic, end view of conical specimen, showing cast of an inner chamber, etc. Other figures omitted.—Lower Cambrian^ L, C. Mazonia woodia
RMRDJ8R2–. Text-book of embryology. Embryology. 234 INVERTEBKATA CHAP. From the upper, not the lower of these two layers, the visual cells are developed, aod from the ectoderm which covers the whole sac, the vitelligenous cells are formed. It follows that what were originally the outer ends of the visual cells are turned away from the light,. Fig. 184.—Sections through the developing eyes of Agelena. (After Kishinouye.) A, section through early stage of development of the median eye. B, section through later stage of development of median eye. 0, section through invagination from which the lateral eyes
RMPG4BH0–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fia. 124.—lophodermium nervisequium on Abies pectinata (Silver Fir). 1, Under surface of needle with apothecia. 2, Upper surface with pycnidia. Fig. 125.—Lophodermium nervisequium. Section of a needle of Silver Fir. b, Pycnidium on upper surface shedding conidia. a, Apothe- cium on the lower surface. (After R. Hartig.). Fig. 126.—lophoderviium nervisequium on Silver Fir. Portion of a ripe apothe- cium. a a, Filament
![. The diseases of crops and their remedies : a handbook of economic biology for farmers and students. Plant diseases. 52 DISEASES OF CROPS. 22) is examined beneath the microscope,^ the mycelium of the fungus will be seen ramifying among the cells of the leaf. "Wherever the mycelium comes in contact with the cells of the host-plant, they become discoloured. This is. Fig. 22.^PoTATO FcNans {Peronospora infestans). A to B. Transverse section of potato leaf, showing mycelium (spawn) of fungup. A. Lower surface with two stomata (C) and conidiophores passing tiirough them. D. Conidium (spore). Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDGX69/the-diseases-of-crops-and-their-remedies-a-handbook-of-economic-biology-for-farmers-and-students-plant-diseases-52-diseases-of-crops-22-is-examined-beneath-the-microscope-the-mycelium-of-the-fungus-will-be-seen-ramifying-among-the-cells-of-the-leaf-quotwherever-the-mycelium-comes-in-contact-with-the-cells-of-the-host-plant-they-become-discoloured-this-is-fig-22potato-fcnans-peronospora-infestans-a-to-b-transverse-section-of-potato-leaf-showing-mycelium-spawn-of-fungup-a-lower-surface-with-two-stomata-c-and-conidiophores-passing-tiirough-them-d-conidium-spore-RDGX69.jpg ". The diseases of crops and their remedies : a handbook of economic biology for farmers and students. Plant diseases. 52 DISEASES OF CROPS. 22) is examined beneath the microscope,^ the mycelium of the fungus will be seen ramifying among the cells of the leaf. "Wherever the mycelium comes in contact with the cells of the host-plant, they become discoloured. This is. Fig. 22.^PoTATO FcNans {Peronospora infestans). A to B. Transverse section of potato leaf, showing mycelium (spawn) of fungup. A. Lower surface with two stomata (C) and conidiophores passing tiirough them. D. Conidium (spore). Stock Photo")
RMRDGX69–. The diseases of crops and their remedies : a handbook of economic biology for farmers and students. Plant diseases. 52 DISEASES OF CROPS. 22) is examined beneath the microscope,^ the mycelium of the fungus will be seen ramifying among the cells of the leaf. "Wherever the mycelium comes in contact with the cells of the host-plant, they become discoloured. This is. Fig. 22.^PoTATO FcNans {Peronospora infestans). A to B. Transverse section of potato leaf, showing mycelium (spawn) of fungup. A. Lower surface with two stomata (C) and conidiophores passing tiirough them. D. Conidium (spore).
RMPG16YM–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 186 THALLOPHYTA. [CH. In section (fig. 37, A.) the lower part of the thallus is seen to be made up of rows of cells radiating out from a central point,. Fig. 37, A. Section of a recent Lithothamnion (after Eosanoff', x200). B. Section of Lithothamnion suganum. Roth (after Eothpletz^, x 100). G. A couceptacle with tetraspores from a Tertiary Lithothamnion (after Fruh^, X 300). D. Sphaerocodium Bornemanni Roth, (after Rothpletz, X 150). and the upper portion consists of vertical and horizontal rows of cells. The whole body is di
RMRDG49K–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 170 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS pollen-spores produced is enormously in excess of the macrospores. Indeed, so abundant is the pollen, that the ground in the neighborhood of the trees is some-. FiQ. 42 (Coniferse). — A, branch of a pine {Pinus contorta) with male flowers, ./Z; B, longitudinal section of a single flower, showing the arrangement of the sporophylls; C, a single sporophyll, showing the two microsporangia, mi, upon its lower surface; D, a section through the microsporangium; E, a single microspore, showing the antheridinm, an, and the v
RMPG1K01–. The British Charophyta. Characeae. STRUaTUBE AND DEVELOPMENT. 23 stem-node, remaining quite short and undergoing division by means of longitudinal septa in the direc- tion of the axis, the lower (d) forming an internode, remaining undivided but lengthening considerably. In this way the stem of a Charophyte presents a. Fia. 3.—Yoimg shoot of Nitella in successive stages (after Giesen- hagen) ( x o. 150). In i the apical cell a is undivided; in ii a portion b has been cut off from its base by a transverse section ; in iii the lower cell b has been subdivided into a stem-node c and an internode
RMRDTPRP–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 170 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS pollen-spores produced is enormously in excess of the macrospores. Indeed, so abundant is the pollen, that the ground in the neighborhood of the trees is some-. FiG. 42 (ConiferEe). — A, branch of a pine (Pinus contorta) with male flowers, fl; B, longitudinal section of a single flower, showing the arrangement of the sporophylls; C, a single sporophyll, showing the two microsporangia, mi, upon its lower surface; D, a section through the microsporangium; E, a single microspore, showing the antheridium, an, and the ve
RMPG1645–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 254 ABAIJCARINEAE [CH. in longitudinal section (fig. 735) a large cavity in the lower part of the scale containing at each end a dark patch of some secreted substance s, s; above this is a vascular strand vb, extending into the distal end of the scale near which is a ligular outgrowth I, and below this is a depression on the upper face of the scale in which. Fio. 736. Conites Juddi, forma d. A, Longitudinal section of cone; tc, xylem, d, seed, e, /, cone-scales. B, Scale in longitudinal section; c, vascular bundle; a, periderm
RMRE2FA3–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. CALAMITES AND LYCOPODS 38s sterile. The lower sporangia are larger than the upper ones, and bear four large spores (megaspores). They are megasporangia, and the leaves are megasporophylls. The. Fig. 281.—Selaginella Martensii. a, vegetative branch; b, portion of the stem, bearing cones k); c, longitudinal section of a cone, showing microsporangia {mic. sp.) in the axils of microsporophyUs, and megaspor- angia in the aMls of megaspoiophylls; d, microsporangium with micro- sporophyll; e, microspores;/, pornon of wall of sporangium, greatly magni- fied; g, megas
RMPG14YD–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. Fio. 314. Anhyropteris corrugata. R, intruded root; P, petiole; S, stele, Sw sieve-tubes. A, B. From a section in the University College Collection. C. After Williamson. D. From a section in the Williamson Collection (British Museum). of a cylinder of scalariform tracheae in which the position o groups of smaller elements (protoxylem) is shown by the whit e patches. The xylem is thus seen to be mesarch. The pro mi. nent group of xylem on the lower right-hand side of the section. Please note that these images are extracted from
RMRDYH6N–. An introduction to vegetable physiology. Plant physiology. EHYTHM 355 our attention here. Fig. 152 represents a longitudinal section through one of them, which occurs at the base of a leaflet of Mimosa. The stalk of the leaflet shows a swelling at the point of union with the rachis, the pro- tuberance being greatest on the under side. Here there is a cushion of cells which are capable of containing a. Pig. 152.—PuLvinus or Mimosa. a, b, the succulent parenchyma of its upper and lower sides; d, parenchyma of rachis ; e, pith. c, bud; relatively considerable quantity of water. When turgid they
RMPG1H6W–. The surgical anatomy of the horse ... Horses. B Plate XXV.—Anterior Tibial Neurectomy (Lower Seat) A.— THE seat dissected I. Extensor pedis muscle hooked forwards. 2. Musculo-cutaneous nerve. 3. Flexor metatarsi muscle. 4. Peroneus hooked backwards with musculo-cutaneous nerve. 5. Deep fascia. 6. Anterior tibial nerve lying on flexor metatarsi. 7. Skin and super- ficial fascia. B.—the seat in section I. Extensor pedis, z. Flexor metatarsi. 3 and 6. Anterior tibial veins. 4. Anterior tibial artery. 5. Tibia. 7. Peroneus muscle. 8. Deep fascia. 9. Anterior tibial nerve. 10. Superficial fascia.
RMRE0JAD–. Diseases & disorders of the horse, a treatise on equine medicine and surgery, being a contribution to the science of comparative pathology. Horses. The accompanying picture is engraved from a photograph of the lower surface of a diseased navicular bone, one-eighth enlarged. It shows the caries of the bone. The picture below (Sewell) represents a section of the horse's foot, showing (A) the navicular bone, (B) the flexor tendon, and (C) the coffin bone. It will be noticed that the navicular bone forms a kind of pulley, round which the tendon works. We shall have occasion to refer to this
RMPFXYMW–. A dictionary of the fossils of Pennsylvania and neighboring states named in the reports and catalogues of the survey ... Paleontology. 643 Physo. 111., vol. 6,18T5, page 452, plate 18, figs. Sa, side view of fish- spine, backedge restored ; 5, front face; c, d, e^ f cross sections. Burlington, Iowa. Lower Kinderhook fish bed. XI, Physonemus falcatus, St. John & Worthen Geo. Sur. ^^^ in., vol. 7, 1883, page 252, plate 24, figs. 6a, light side of fish spine; h cross section near tip. St. Louis. St. Louis limestone. XI.. Physonemus gigas, Newberry and Worthen, Geo. Sur. ,9 b. Please note t
RMRE1RX1–. The Eusporangiatae; the comparative morphology of the Ophioglossaceae and Marattiaceae. Ophioglossaceae; Marattiaceae. Fig, 116.—D, jamakensis. Three sections of an older embryo. X200. Section B is a nearly median section; A is the next section in the series; C shows the suspensor, sus, A further study of the embryos shows that all of the lower half of the epibasal region, probably that derived from the four lower octants—i. e., the four octants that were in contact with the suspensor—develops into the foot, while all of the other organs of the embryo (leaf, stem, and root) arise from the fo
![. The encyclopedia of practical horticulture; a reference system of commercial horticulture, covering the practical and scientific phases of horticulture, with special reference to fruits and vegetables;. Gardening; Fruit-culture; Vegetable gardening. 1154 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE and at the lower elevations in other parts of the state, these varieties attain the highest degree of perfection. "With the exception of the Winesap, which re- quires a long season to mature, all are adapted to the "Panhandle" section of Northern Idaho. It is thought by some that the Mcin Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PFY0YD/the-encyclopedia-of-practical-horticulture-a-reference-system-of-commercial-horticulture-covering-the-practical-and-scientific-phases-of-horticulture-with-special-reference-to-fruits-and-vegetables-gardening-fruit-culture-vegetable-gardening-1154-encyclopedia-of-practical-horticulture-and-at-the-lower-elevations-in-other-parts-of-the-state-these-varieties-attain-the-highest-degree-of-perfection-quotwith-the-exception-of-the-winesap-which-re-quires-a-long-season-to-mature-all-are-adapted-to-the-quotpanhandlequot-section-of-northern-idaho-it-is-thought-by-some-that-the-mcin-PFY0YD.jpg ". The encyclopedia of practical horticulture; a reference system of commercial horticulture, covering the practical and scientific phases of horticulture, with special reference to fruits and vegetables;. Gardening; Fruit-culture; Vegetable gardening. 1154 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE and at the lower elevations in other parts of the state, these varieties attain the highest degree of perfection. "With the exception of the Winesap, which re- quires a long season to mature, all are adapted to the "Panhandle" section of Northern Idaho. It is thought by some that the Mcin Stock Photo")
RMPFY0YD–. The encyclopedia of practical horticulture; a reference system of commercial horticulture, covering the practical and scientific phases of horticulture, with special reference to fruits and vegetables;. Gardening; Fruit-culture; Vegetable gardening. 1154 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE and at the lower elevations in other parts of the state, these varieties attain the highest degree of perfection. "With the exception of the Winesap, which re- quires a long season to mature, all are adapted to the "Panhandle" section of Northern Idaho. It is thought by some that the Mcin
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XV] LEPIDODENBRON 119 present; in the lower part of the section the xylem and the outgoing leaf-traces are seen in radial section and at the upper end of each arm the leaf-traces alone, It, are exposed, as in fig. 148, B. It is interesting to notice the large amount of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles), 1863-194 Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDBC7J/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xv-lepidodenbron-119-present-in-the-lower-part-of-the-section-the-xylem-and-the-outgoing-leaf-traces-are-seen-in-radial-section-and-at-the-upper-end-of-each-arm-the-leaf-traces-alone-it-are-exposed-as-in-fig-148-b-it-is-interesting-to-notice-the-large-amount-of-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-seward-a-c-albert-charles-1863-194-RDBC7J.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XV] LEPIDODENBRON 119 present; in the lower part of the section the xylem and the outgoing leaf-traces are seen in radial section and at the upper end of each arm the leaf-traces alone, It, are exposed, as in fig. 148, B. It is interesting to notice the large amount of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles), 1863-194 Stock Photo")
RMRDBC7J–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XV] LEPIDODENBRON 119 present; in the lower part of the section the xylem and the outgoing leaf-traces are seen in radial section and at the upper end of each arm the leaf-traces alone, It, are exposed, as in fig. 148, B. It is interesting to notice the large amount of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles), 1863-194
RMPG43WW–. A practical treatise on the use of the microscope, including the different methods of preparing and examining animal, vegetable, and mineral structures. Microscopes; Microscopy. Fig. 66. a milled edge; this lower prism is termed the polarizer, in contradistinction to another fitted to the top of one of the eye-pieces, and termed the analyzer. An end view of one of the prisms is seen at fig. 67, and a vertical section at fig. 68. When applied to the mi- croscope, it is necessary that the axes of both crys- tals should coincide with each other and with the optical parts of the mi- croscope, as
RMRDMBYJ–. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. Fig. 82.—Stages in the segmentation of Amphioxus. A represents the eight-celled stage ; B, the si.xteen-celled ; D, vertical section of C ; F, vertical section of the blasto- sphere or blastula stage (E). (From Korschelt and Heider, after Hatschek.) blastosphere (Fig. 82, E, F), the wall of which is one cell thick. The lower cells (Fig. 82, B, C, D) are slightly larger than the upper. Invagination of the lower cells then takes place (Fig. 83, A), resulting in the suppression of the blastocoele or segmentation cavity and the formation of an archenteron,
RMPG16T1–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. 324 STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY Corynepteris is at present only known from impres- sions ; we may compare with it a genus, Diplolabis, Renault,1 which has been studied entirely in petrified material. The stem is unknown, but the structure of the petiole indicates affinity with Zygopteris. In both the species described, D. forensis, from the Upper Coal- measures, and D. esnostensis, of Lower Carboniferous age, the fructifications are described as synangia, with. Fig. 120.—Asterochlaena laxa. Part of transverse section of stem with surrounding petioles. The
RMRDYHTE–. An introduction to vegetable physiology. Plant physiology. 146 VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY are in the spongy tissue which occupies the lower half of the thickness of the leaf (fig. 86). The guard-cells of the stomata, however, always contain them. The green cortex of young stems and twigs also exhibits them. In such plants as the Casuarinas and the Equisetums (fig. 87), in —p.fa.. Fig. 86,-Teansvekse Section of portion of the Blade of the Leaf of Beta, cu, cuticle ; ep, epidermis; p.pa, palisade tissue ; s.pa, spongy tissue • v.b, vascular bundle ; st, stoma; i.s, intercellular space ' which the le
![. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. PROTOCALAMITES 37 is interesting that this Lower Carboniferous species should be the only Calamite so far observed which has centripetal wood. The protoxylem is in the usual position, in or adjacent to the "carinal" canal, but in this case the development of the primary xylem pro- ceeded in both the inward and outward directions, for each bundle possesses a considerable arc of centripetal. / se ( Fig. 11.—Cakinritcs (Protocalainitcs)pettycuroisis. Transverse section of the xylem of a vascular bundle in the stem. /i, fascicular canal ; .r-, Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG179H/studies-in-fossil-botany-paleobotany-protocalamites-37-is-interesting-that-this-lower-carboniferous-species-should-be-the-only-calamite-so-far-observed-which-has-centripetal-wood-the-protoxylem-is-in-the-usual-position-in-or-adjacent-to-the-quotcarinalquot-canal-but-in-this-case-the-development-of-the-primary-xylem-pro-ceeded-in-both-the-inward-and-outward-directions-for-each-bundle-possesses-a-considerable-arc-of-centripetal-se-fig-11cakinritcs-protocalainitcspettycuroisis-transverse-section-of-the-xylem-of-a-vascular-bundle-in-the-stem-i-fascicular-canal-r-PG179H.jpg ". Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. PROTOCALAMITES 37 is interesting that this Lower Carboniferous species should be the only Calamite so far observed which has centripetal wood. The protoxylem is in the usual position, in or adjacent to the "carinal" canal, but in this case the development of the primary xylem pro- ceeded in both the inward and outward directions, for each bundle possesses a considerable arc of centripetal. / se ( Fig. 11.—Cakinritcs (Protocalainitcs)pettycuroisis. Transverse section of the xylem of a vascular bundle in the stem. /i, fascicular canal ; .r-, Stock Photo")
RMPG179H–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. PROTOCALAMITES 37 is interesting that this Lower Carboniferous species should be the only Calamite so far observed which has centripetal wood. The protoxylem is in the usual position, in or adjacent to the "carinal" canal, but in this case the development of the primary xylem pro- ceeded in both the inward and outward directions, for each bundle possesses a considerable arc of centripetal. / se ( Fig. 11.—Cakinritcs (Protocalainitcs)pettycuroisis. Transverse section of the xylem of a vascular bundle in the stem. /i, fascicular canal ; .r-,
RMRDBDWN–. The various contrivances by which orchids are fertilized by insects. Fertilization of plants; Orchids. Catasktum saccatum. u. anther. an antennse of the rostellum. d. disc of polliniuin. /. filament of anther. g. geriKien or OTarium. I. labellum. p. pollen-masses. pj ov ped. pedicel of poUinium. i. stigmatic chamber. A. Front rievr of column. B. Side view of flower, with all the sepals and petals removed ex- cept the labellum. C. Diagrammatic section through the column, with all the parts a little separated. I). PoUinium, upper surface. E. PoUinium, lower surface, which before removal lies i
RMPG2N8E–. Elements of the comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Anatomy, Comparative. PECTORAL ARCH 107 Cm. and outer circumference of the (primary) arch, conveii articulations being formed on the arch which fit into concave facets on the fin, the point of attachment of which may be taken as separating the arch into an upper dorsal and a lower ventral section. The former, which may exceptionally be connected with the vertebral column (viz., Raiidse), cor- responds to a scapula, and the latter to a coracoicl plus procoracoid of the higher Vertebrata.i In Teleosts and Bony Oanoids the bony (secondary) arc
RMRDHNNY–. Elements of plant biology. Plant physiology. 3o6 THE FOLIAGE LEAF the outer ones bulging into the adjacent epidermal cells, the pressure of whose cell sap is lower, and the. Fig. 51.—^A, diagram of stoma seen in vertical section. The thin lines represent the position of the walls of the guard cells when the stoma is closed, the thick lines when it is open, the outer lateral walls bulging into the adjacent epidermal cells. B, the same in surface view (Half the stoma only shown). C, stoma of Iris leaf in vertical section, showing the guard cells sunk below the surface of the epidermis at the b
RMPG43X0–. A practical treatise on the use of the microscope, including the different methods of preparing and examining animal, vegetable, and mineral structures. Microscopes; Microscopy. ACCESSORY INSTRUMENTS. 121 denser; upon this plate the tube carrying the prism is made to revolve, by turning the large circular plate at the bottom with. Fig. 66. a milled edge; this lower prism is termed the polarizer, in contradistinction to another fitted to the top of one of the eye-pieces, and termed the analyzer. An end view of one of the prisms is seen at fig. 67, and a vertical section at fig. 68. When appli
RMRE3M98–. Introduction to cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. INTEODUCTION TO CllYPTOGAMIC BOTANY. 341. Fig. 76. Emericella variecolor, Berk, and Br. u.. Vertical section of peridium and stem. b. Gonidloid cells on the threads, with which the lower part of the stem is clothed. c. Gonidioid cells in various conditions. d. Tissue of centre of stem. e. Spores with processes all situated in the same plane. All more or less magnified. a spongy central column, giving off threads which are termi- nated by large globose bodies resembling closely the gonidia of Lichens, but growing very much like the Palmella, fig
RMPG162K–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. 536 STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY flower, with a central superior gynsecium, a whorl of hypogynous stamens, and an enveloping perianth. The anatomical structure of the microsporophylls has not yet been fully investigated, but it is known that two ranks of vascular bundles are present in the connate disc, and that a considerable number. Fig. cio.—Cyca'ieoidca dacotensis.—Transverse section through rachis of a sporo- phyll and adjacent synangia. The middle and lower synangia are cut transversely, the upper very obliquely. The palisade-layer, walls of the locu
RMRDFE7C–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 450 COENOPTEKIDEAE [CH. Metaclepsydropsis duplex closely resemble one another, draws attention to certain differences in the structure of the xylem which he regards as sufficient to justify a generic separation. The leaf-traces of Clepsydropsis are described by Bertrand as almost circular closed rings of xylem instead of an arc as in Metaclepsydropsis.. Fig. 310. A. Metaclepsydropsis duplex. B, C. Stauropteris oldhamia. D. Ankyropteris scandens. tA, from a section in Dr Kidston's Collection (Lower Carboniferous); B, C, from se
RMPG1746–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. 184 STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY evident that all the upper part of the cone was occupied by microsporangia, and the lower by megasporangia, as in most species of Selaginella at the present day (Fig. 74). Fig. 72 represents a transverse section from the upper, and Fig. 73 one from the lower part of the cone; the former shows microsporangia, the latter megasporangia only. The structure of the sporangium is similar to that of,. Fig. 73.—Lepidostrobus Veltheimianus. Transverse section of cone, through megaspore- region. sp., sporophylls (only partially shown)
RMRDDYHN–. The diseases of crops and their remedies : a handbook of economic biology for farmers and students. Plant diseases. 52 DISEASES OF CROPS. 22) is examined beneath the microscope,i t^g mycelium of the fungus will be seen ramifying among the cells of the leaf. Wherever the mycelium comes in contact with the cells of the host-plant, they become discoloured. This is. Fig. 22.—Potato FnNous (Peronospora infestans). A to B. Transverse section of potato leaf, showing my celiom (spawn) of fungnp. A. Lower surface Witt two stomata (C) and eonidiophores passing through them. D. Conidium (spore). E. Zoo
RMPG1738–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. i9o STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY is produced into a thick dorsal lobe below, and a larger ventral lobe above (see Fig. 79). The sporangia are not elongated, but ovoid or spherical, and not in any- way attached to the pedicel, but inserted, by means of. Fig. 79.—Spencerites insignis. Somewhat diagrammatic radial section showing two of the sporophylls in connection with the axis. On the lower sporophyll the sporangium is seen, attached at its distal end to the ventral outgrowth ; a few of the winged spores are shown. After Miss Berridge. a short stalk at the
RMRDYXNC–. Manual of operative veterinary surgery. Veterinary surgery. AUATOMY OF THE FOOT. 577. Fig. 478.—Longitudinal Section of tte Digital Eegion. A.—Lower part of the plantar cushion. B.—Ligamentous hands of the fibrous layers of the plantar cushion. C—Fibrous membrane of the plantar cushion. D.—In- sertion of the plantar cushion to the inferior face of the os pedis. E.—Spongy tissue of OS coronsB. F.—Articulation of first and second phalanx. H.—Perforatus tendon at- tached to the OS coronEB. I. —Insertion of plantar aponeurosis to the semi-lunar crest. K.—Spongy structure of 08'suffraginis. L.—Se
RMPG2JY5–. On the anatomy of vertebrates. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative; 1866. ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 147 In the Pytlion, figs. 96 and 97, the basloccipltal, i, Is subhex- agonal, broadest anteriorly, smootli and concave above, suturally rough on each side, with a recurved pointed hypapophysis: the hinder facet forms the lower half of the occipital condyle, on eacl 96. Section ol tlio Skull of a Python side of which is a small sharp process. The basioccipital unites above with the exoccipital, 2, and alisphenoid, f,; and in front with the basisj)henoid, 5. The exoccipitals (2,2) are each pro- duce
RMRDFD7T–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 488 CYCADOPHYTA [CH. Bucklandia indica sp. nov. Oldham and Morris^ and subsequently FeistmanteP described some specimens of Cycadean stems from the Rajmahal Hills of. Fig. 579. Buchlandia indioa. A, side-view showing the leaf-bases and attached petioles of Ptilophyllum, also (to the left) a fragment of a detached Ptilo- phyllum leaf. B, transverse section showing the pith, xylem cylinder, cortex, and sections of petioles. (British Museum; nat. size.) India of Lower Jurassic age: the latter author regarded them as stems of Will
RMPG2NT9–. Elements of the comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Anatomy, Comparative. Fill. 2'ii.—Portion op the Vertebral L'olumx of ,b>'(<H/V(/7V(. (Side view.) Fig. 24.—Transverse Section of the Vertebral Colujin of Aciptuv-r rutheiiux (in the anterior part of the bod}'). Pn, spinous process ; J, lowei' arch ; Ao, aorta ; Po, median parts of the lower arches, which here enclcie the aorta ventrally ; Z, basal processes of the lower arches. is essentially indicated by the neural arches. In the two groups last mentioned, however, skeletogenous cells break through the primary notochordal sheath (el
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xv] LEPIDODENDRON 111 Binney's designation is therefore retained for the anatomical type described in the following pages The most detailed account hitherto published of the anatomy of Lepidodendron vasculare is that by the late M. Hovelacque^ based on material from the Lower Coal-Measures of England.. Fig. 148. Lepidodendron vasculare Binney. A. Transverse section. (Based on a section 2'5 cm. in diameter, in the Cambridge Botany School Collection.) B. Longitudinal section. (Drawn from a section in Dr Kidston's Collection.) Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDBC8M/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xv-lepidodendron-111-binneys-designation-is-therefore-retained-for-the-anatomical-type-described-in-the-following-pages-the-most-detailed-account-hitherto-published-of-the-anatomy-of-lepidodendron-vasculare-is-that-by-the-late-m-hovelacque-based-on-material-from-the-lower-coal-measures-of-england-fig-148-lepidodendron-vasculare-binney-a-transverse-section-based-on-a-section-25-cm-in-diameter-in-the-cambridge-botany-school-collection-b-longitudinal-section-drawn-from-a-section-in-dr-kidstons-collection-RDBC8M.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xv] LEPIDODENDRON 111 Binney's designation is therefore retained for the anatomical type described in the following pages The most detailed account hitherto published of the anatomy of Lepidodendron vasculare is that by the late M. Hovelacque^ based on material from the Lower Coal-Measures of England.. Fig. 148. Lepidodendron vasculare Binney. A. Transverse section. (Based on a section 2'5 cm. in diameter, in the Cambridge Botany School Collection.) B. Longitudinal section. (Drawn from a section in Dr Kidston's Collection.) Stock Photo")
RMRDBC8M–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xv] LEPIDODENDRON 111 Binney's designation is therefore retained for the anatomical type described in the following pages The most detailed account hitherto published of the anatomy of Lepidodendron vasculare is that by the late M. Hovelacque^ based on material from the Lower Coal-Measures of England.. Fig. 148. Lepidodendron vasculare Binney. A. Transverse section. (Based on a section 2'5 cm. in diameter, in the Cambridge Botany School Collection.) B. Longitudinal section. (Drawn from a section in Dr Kidston's Collection.)
RMPG4BJ5–. The elements of forestry : designed to afford information concerning the planting and care of forest trees for ornament or profit and giving suggestions upon the creation and care of woodlands with the view of securing the greatest benefit for the longest time, particularly adapted to the wants and conditions of the United States. Forests and forestry. 130. Carjdnvs ieteZus.—The European Hornbeam. 1. Twig, with two male and one female blossoma. 2. A fruitful stem, with leaves. 3, 4. Male blossoms, from up- per, lower, and side points of view. 5. A single seed-capsule, with section. 6. Leaf-c
RMRDF21J–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. Fig. 266.—A, Upper part of a fertile shoot of E. telemateia, Xi; B, lower part of a vegetative shoot, with young branches for the next season's growth, X 1; T, tubers; C, cross-section of an internode of the fertile shoot, X4; L, cortical lacunae; D, sporangiophores, X4; E, median section of a single sporangiophore, X6;^ sp, sporangia.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these
RMPG16FJ–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. LYGINODENDRON 389 the qorrectness of the attribution. Further structural evidence is not wanting, as we shall see below. The cupule, which in general form has been com- pared to the husk of a hazel nut, was ribbed in its lower part and divided into lobes above (see Figs. 144 and 149); it sprang from the pedicel immediately below the base of the seed, around which it formed a. Fie. 147.—Lagenostoma Lomaxi. Apex of seed in median longitudinal section through micropyle. r, palisade-layer; ot, outer; /./., inner wall of canopy (integument); s, space betwee
RMRPXKPK–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. FIG. 284.—Diagram of the succession of cell-divisions in the apex of the root of Eqtiisetum hiemale (after Nageli and Leitgeb), (this diagram will serve also in the main for Ferns and for Marsilia). A longitudinal section ; B transverse section at the lower end of A ; h h h the primary walls, fu the sextant walls of the segments, indicated in A by the figs. I—XVI, k Int np the layers of the root-cap, all the further divisions being omitted; c c in the interior of the root indicates the walls by which the rudimentary fibro-vascular
RMPG1669–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. CORDAITEAE 543 are the only recent plants in which this organ is known; the pollen-chamber of Cycas was originally discovered more than sixty years ago by our country- man Griffith, who gave excellent figures of it, which are here reproduced1 (Figs. 196, 197). Many years later it was rediscovered independently by De Bary. Fig. 196.—Cycas, sp. Longitudinal section of ovule, showing the thick double-layered in- tegument enclosing the nucellus. The round body in the lower half of the nucellus is the embryo-sac ; the flask-shaped cavity in the upper part i
RMRE3N8D–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. Fig. 31.—Longitudinal section of stem of/. lacitstris. h—b^, leaves; r^—7-^% roots: the ligules are shaded (X30). (After Hofmeister.) Fig. 32.—Longitudinal section through lower portion of leaf of/. /acwj^rri (diagram- matic). L, ligule ; y, inda sium; S^, microsporange Tr, trabecules; Gf^ vascu- lar bundle of sporophyll. (After Goebel.) The leaves of Isoetes are very elongated, cylindrical, and quill-shaped, and are arranged in a complicated phyllotaxis on the very short stem. They are segmented into a basal portion, the sheath or glossqpode, an
RMPG164M–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. 563 STUDIES IN FOSSIL BOTANY sterile appendages, which may be called the interseminal scales. Towards the periphery of the fruit, in its lower portion, the sterile organs are more numerous. FlG. 202.—Bcnncttitcs GibsGnicinus. Longitudinal section of a fructification. ;-, recep- tacle ; hi bracts, enclosing the fruit ; s, seeds, each borne at the summit of a long pedicel, ficd. ; i.s., interseminal scales. X about 2, From LinneaH Soc. Trans. After Carruthers. than the pedicels, and around the base of the recep- tacle the former are present alone (Fig.
RMRE3ED0–. Practical text-book of plant physiology. Plant physiology. 196 MOVEMENTS AND EXCHANGES OF FLUIDS of the tube should be at least 80 cm. in length. Set the prepara- tion in a tall jar filled with water, and pour mercury into the long arm of the tube. After the mercury reaches a certain height the air between it and the wood is forced through the wood very slowly and may be seen to bubble up in the water. This is due to the presence of very small intercellular spaces. The amount. Fig. 97. Epidermis and stomata of the lower surface of leaf of Helleborus foitidm; A, in cross section ; B, surface
RMPFYFJ2–. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and Lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. Birds; Birds. Fig. 55. —Actual section of the body in tlie thoracic region of a bird. ^, neural canal; -ff, hsemal canal j c, centrum of a dorsal vertebra; hy, hypapopbysis; d, diap
RMRDWEKJ–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. Fig. 266. Forms of adhesion that result from shortening of receptacle: A, flower of rose. B, section of flower, showing the lower portion of recep- tacle forming a cup about the megasporophylls, mg, and bearing the other organs of the flower. C, inflorescence of comfrey, Symphytum. D, flower enlarged in section to show adhesion of microsporophylls, mi, to the tubular corolla. more value in enabling us to state whether a plant is of high or low rank. As the cyclic habit became established, so the number of organs in each whorl became constant. Thus at
RMPG44K5–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 146.—Pitted vessel of black locust, Robinia pseudacacia, filled with enlarged parenchyma cells or tyloses. At o the con- nection between tyloses and original cell is seen. (Kiister, Pathologische Pflanzenanal- omie, 1903: 100. Fig. 147.—Cross-section through old wood of Mespilodaphne sassafras. The lower vessels contain stone tyloses, the upper besides stone tyloses, contain thin-walled tyloses. {After Molisch in Kiisier, Pathologische Pflanzenanatomie, 1903: 100.) opening. Haberla
![. Relics of primeval life [microform] : beginning of life in the dawn of geological time. Paleontology; Paléontologie. M j-„^Q,) A > 0 'O;. Fig. 6.—Structures of A. profundus {magnified). From specimens in Peter Redpath Museum. («) Lower acervuliiie portion, {b) Upper part, with three of the radiating laminae and section of pores, (c) Portion of lanurui, with pores, the calcareous skeleton un- shaded.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ6NYR/relics-of-primeval-life-microform-beginning-of-life-in-the-dawn-of-geological-time-paleontology-palontologie-m-j-q-a-gt-0-o-fig-6structures-of-a-profundus-magnified-from-specimens-in-peter-redpath-museum-lower-acervuliiie-portion-b-upper-part-with-three-of-the-radiating-laminae-and-section-of-pores-c-portion-of-lanurui-with-pores-the-calcareous-skeleton-un-shaded-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-RJ6NYR.jpg ". Relics of primeval life [microform] : beginning of life in the dawn of geological time. Paleontology; Paléontologie. M j-„^Q,) A > 0 'O;. Fig. 6.—Structures of A. profundus {magnified). From specimens in Peter Redpath Museum. («) Lower acervuliiie portion, {b) Upper part, with three of the radiating laminae and section of pores, (c) Portion of lanurui, with pores, the calcareous skeleton un- shaded.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly Stock Photo")
RMRJ6NYR–. Relics of primeval life [microform] : beginning of life in the dawn of geological time. Paleontology; Paléontologie. M j-„^Q,) A > 0 'O;. Fig. 6.—Structures of A. profundus {magnified). From specimens in Peter Redpath Museum. («) Lower acervuliiie portion, {b) Upper part, with three of the radiating laminae and section of pores, (c) Portion of lanurui, with pores, the calcareous skeleton un- shaded.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 350 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Chrysomyxa Unger (p. 341) III. Teliospores formed of a series of superimposed cells, of which the lower are sterile, ^â ^ ^ forming flat or slightly ele- vated, orange or reddish, waxy, crusts. Germina- tion of the teliospore by a promycelium from each cell, which produces mostly four basidiospores. C. abietis (Wal.) Ung. Fig. 254.âMelampsoropsis rhododendri, section Tolio crr Tf frirmc through telium. After De Baiy. ^^"^ °"'y- " ^"^^^ yellow spots on spruce leaves an Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4628/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-350-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-chrysomyxa-unger-p-341-iii-teliospores-formed-of-a-series-of-superimposed-cells-of-which-the-lower-are-sterile-forming-flat-or-slightly-ele-vated-orange-or-reddish-waxy-crusts-germina-tion-of-the-teliospore-by-a-promycelium-from-each-cell-which-produces-mostly-four-basidiospores-c-abietis-wal-ung-fig-254melampsoropsis-rhododendri-section-tolio-crr-tf-frirmc-through-telium-after-de-baiy-quot-quoty-quot-quot-yellow-spots-on-spruce-leaves-an-PG4628.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 350 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Chrysomyxa Unger (p. 341) III. Teliospores formed of a series of superimposed cells, of which the lower are sterile, ^â ^ ^ forming flat or slightly ele- vated, orange or reddish, waxy, crusts. Germina- tion of the teliospore by a promycelium from each cell, which produces mostly four basidiospores. C. abietis (Wal.) Ung. Fig. 254.âMelampsoropsis rhododendri, section Tolio crr Tf frirmc through telium. After De Baiy. ^^"^ °"'y- " ^"^^^ yellow spots on spruce leaves an Stock Photo")
RMPG4628–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 350 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Chrysomyxa Unger (p. 341) III. Teliospores formed of a series of superimposed cells, of which the lower are sterile, ^â ^ ^ forming flat or slightly ele- vated, orange or reddish, waxy, crusts. Germina- tion of the teliospore by a promycelium from each cell, which produces mostly four basidiospores. C. abietis (Wal.) Ung. Fig. 254.âMelampsoropsis rhododendri, section Tolio crr Tf frirmc through telium. After De Baiy. ^^"^ °"'y- " ^"^^^ yellow spots on spruce leaves an
RMRDHNYK–. Outlines of plant life : with special reference to form and function . Botany. Fig. 115. Fig 116. Fig. 115.—Crystals found in plants. I, calcium carbonate; II-IV. calcium oxalate; 11, octahedron with blunt ends; III, compound crystals from the nectary of a mallow ; IV, rt, b, needle crystals (laphides) from leaf of fuchsia. All highly magnified.— After Behrens. Fig. 116.—Section through oil-receptacles in rind of orange. The upper figure shows the structure at the beginning of the disorganization ot the oil-producing cells; the lower, the final condition, with two drops of oil occupying the
RMPG06N6–. How to know the ducks, geese and swans of North America, all the species being grouped according to size and color. Ducks; Geese; Swans; Birds. Dendrocygna fulva. Section 4. Hind toe with well defined membraneous lobe or flap; head marked with more or less white or brown= ish white; belly, white, sometimes tinged with dusky or gray on lower part. Head, brownish ; a patch of dull white on face at base of bill; speculum, white. Oreater Scaup Duck, Blue Bill. Aythya marila nearctica (female). See page 56. Aythya marila nearctica. Speculum, white, similar to preceding but somewhat smaller. More
RMRDYYEN–. Beekeeping for Connecticut. Bees; Bees; Bees. a. Section frames as used in the supers: in the flat, bent together, with foundation starter, and with drawn comb ready to receive the honey.. b. Close view of brood comb, showing open and capped cells: the large peanut-shaped cells are queen cells; the larger open cells near lower right hand corner are drone cells; others are worker cells. (After Dr. E. F. Bigelow, Arcadia, Sound Beach, Conn.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of
RMPG06PJ–. How to know the ducks, geese and swans of North America, all the species being grouped according to size and color. Ducks; Geese; Swans; Birds. Group 5. Birds having wings from 10 to 12 inches long ... 26 Section 1. Bill, narrow, with tooth-like serrations . 26 Section 2. Bill, not narrow ; hind toe, without mem- braneous lobe or flap; belly, white, sometimes faintlytinged with dusky or gray on lower part . ^ 26 Section 3. Hind toe, without membraneous lobe or flap; belly, not white •.-..... 27 Section 4. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; head, with more or less white or
![. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. Fig. 73.—Diagram of transverse section of pericardial sinus of Oedipoda coe?-u le^cens. (After Graber, Arch. Mikr. Anat. ix.) H, heart ; s, septum ; m, muscles—the upper suspensory, the lower alary. FiQ. 72. — Dorsal vessel (c), and alary muscles (b),o!.Gryllotal]}a{s.iteT Graber) ; «, aorta. N.B. — The ventral aspect is here dorsal, and nearly the whole of the body is removed to show these parts. the pericardial diaphragm or septum. The alary muscles are not directly connected with the heart. It has been thought by some that delicate vessels exist l^ Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDKH85/the-cambridge-natural-history-zoology-fig-73diagram-of-transverse-section-of-pericardial-sinus-of-oedipoda-coe-u-lecens-after-graber-arch-mikr-anat-ix-h-heart-s-septum-m-musclesthe-upper-suspensory-the-lower-alary-fiq-72-dorsal-vessel-c-and-alary-muscles-bo!gryllotal-asitet-graber-aorta-nb-the-ventral-aspect-is-here-dorsal-and-nearly-the-whole-of-the-body-is-removed-to-show-these-parts-the-pericardial-diaphragm-or-septum-the-alary-muscles-are-not-directly-connected-with-the-heart-it-has-been-thought-by-some-that-delicate-vessels-exist-l-RDKH85.jpg ". The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. Fig. 73.—Diagram of transverse section of pericardial sinus of Oedipoda coe?-u le^cens. (After Graber, Arch. Mikr. Anat. ix.) H, heart ; s, septum ; m, muscles—the upper suspensory, the lower alary. FiQ. 72. — Dorsal vessel (c), and alary muscles (b),o!.Gryllotal]}a{s.iteT Graber) ; «, aorta. N.B. — The ventral aspect is here dorsal, and nearly the whole of the body is removed to show these parts. the pericardial diaphragm or septum. The alary muscles are not directly connected with the heart. It has been thought by some that delicate vessels exist l^ Stock Photo")
RMRDKH85–. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. Fig. 73.—Diagram of transverse section of pericardial sinus of Oedipoda coe?-u le^cens. (After Graber, Arch. Mikr. Anat. ix.) H, heart ; s, septum ; m, muscles—the upper suspensory, the lower alary. FiQ. 72. — Dorsal vessel (c), and alary muscles (b),o!.Gryllotal]}a{s.iteT Graber) ; «, aorta. N.B. — The ventral aspect is here dorsal, and nearly the whole of the body is removed to show these parts. the pericardial diaphragm or septum. The alary muscles are not directly connected with the heart. It has been thought by some that delicate vessels exist l^
RMPG4E8R–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. lO MYCOLOGY. Fig. I.—Club-root of cabbage, Plasmodiophora brassica. i, Turnip with club- root; 2, section of cabbage root with parenchyma cells filled with slime mould; 3, isolated parenchyma cell, (») vacuole, (0 oil-drops in Plasmodium, {p) Plasmodium; 4, lower cell with Plasmodium, upper cell with spores developing; 5, parenchyma cell with ripe spores; 6, isolated ripe spores; 7, germinating spores; 8, myxamoeba. (Figs. 2-8, cfter Woronin in Soraucr Ilandhuch dcr Pflanzenkrankheiten.
RMRDWN8P–. The evolution of plant life, lower forms. Cryptogams; Plants. so PLANT LIFE. Finally the wall formed between the two guard-cells splits, and under certain conditions the two guard-cells become. Fig. g.—Epidermis of underside of leaf of Virginian Spiderwort [Trades- cantia virginica). A, seen from the surface; B, in cross section through the leaf (x 240). (From Strasburger.) concave towards the median split, thus forming an opening through the epidermis which opens into a large air-cavity, situated in the fundamental tissue below. The opening between the two guard-cells is the stoma. The deta
RMPG06PD–. How to know the ducks, geese and swans of North America, all the species being grouped according to size and color. Ducks; Geese; Swans; Birds. Group 5. Birds having wings from 10 to 12 inches long ... 26 Section 1. Bill, narrow, with tooth-like serrations . 26 Section 2. Bill, not narrow ; hind toe, without mem- braneous lobe or flap; belly, white, sometimes faintlytinged with dusky or gray on lower part . ^ 26 Section 3. Hind toe, without membraneous lobe or flap; belly, not white •.-..... 27 Section 4. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; head, with more or less white or
RMRDBC9H–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. B pL-. ,^-d --It — e Pig. 144. Lepidodendron Veltheimianum Stemb. A. Leaf-cushion and leaf-scar seen in surface-view at a ; on the rest of the specimen a slightly lower surface is exposed. (After Stur.) B. Diagrammatic longitudinal section to explain the differences between its two surfaces a and 6 shown in fig. A. The shaded portion c represents the rock matrix, the surfaces ab, ed, mark the outer and inner edge of the outer portion of the bark of the Lepidodendron stem. It, leaf-trace ; p, p', pariohnos. plants, and it is th
RMPG06PF–. How to know the ducks, geese and swans of North America, all the species being grouped according to size and color. Ducks; Geese; Swans; Birds. Section 4. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part with dusky or gray; head, marked with more or less white or brownish white ..... 23 Section 5. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part with dusky or gray ; no white or grayish white on head . 24 Section 6. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; belly, not white; head
RMRDG4AF–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. SEED PLANTS 163 of the size of a large plum. The very large macrospore (Fig. 40, B, ma) has a definite thick membrane like that of the ferns, hut is retained permanently within the sporan- gium. So far as it is known, the development of the. Fig. 40 (Cycadacese). — A, a sporophyll of Cycas circinalis, with six ovules (maerosporangia), nia; B, longitudinal section of a young ovule of C. revolnta, showing the single large macrospore, ma; C, a sporophyll from the male cone of C. revmuta, showing the lower surface covered with groups or sori o
RMPG06N3–. How to know the ducks, geese and swans of North America, all the species being grouped according to size and color. Ducks; Geese; Swans; Birds. 20 KEY TO DUCKS, GEESE AND SWANS OF NORTH AMEEICA. A patch of white or grayish white on the head, including the eye; no specu- lum ; under tail coverts, white; adult males have the tail feathers long and pointed. Old Squaw. Long-tailed Duck. Olangula hyemalis. See page 64. Section 5. Hind toe with well defined membraneous lobe or flap; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part with dusky or gray; no white or grayish white on head.. Head, brown. Gl
RMRDE83H–. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. Fig. 314. Rhinanthus major, Ehrh., var. hirsutus. All. (after Herm. Mttller). A. Flower after removal of the calyx, in longitudinal section. B. Uppermost part of the flower, after removal of the right half of the corolla, seen from the right side. C. Upper part of a flower, seen from the front. D. Do., after removal of lower lip (x 3i). hth, humble-bee door; fth, Lepidopterid door; «, nectary ; ov, ovary; j/, stigma. while the stigma remains in its original
RMPG06PT–. How to know the ducks, geese and swans of North America, all the species being grouped according to size and color. Ducks; Geese; Swans; Birds. 12 INDEX TO KEY.. Section 4. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part with dusky or gray; head, marked with more or less white or brownish white ..... 23 Section 5. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; belly, white, sometimes tinged on lower part with dusky or gray ; no white or grayish white on head . 24 Section 6. Hind toe, with well-defined membraneous lobe or flap ; bell
RMRDJ464–. Elementary botany : theoretical and practical. A text-book designed primarily for students of science classes connected with the science and art department of the committee of council on education . Botany. Stomata n 1. A flattened epidermis coating the upper (/;) and under {e) sides. As a rule, the under surface possesses a greater number of stomata than does the upper.. Fig. 104.—LathyrusAfihaca'. r, ten- dril : b, flower : Ji fruit; ?i, stipule. Fig. 105.—Diagrammatic section of leaf: a, cuticle of upper, /, of lower side ; ^, epidermis of upper, e, of lower side ; c, cells of upper side
RMRE2NHN–. Comparative anatomy of the vegetative organs of the phanerogams and ferns;. Plant anatomy; Ferns. Fig. 147.âAcorus Calamus; cross-section through the periphery of the flower-stalk (145). e epidermis; b small vascular bundles, with a sclerenchymatous sheath on the outside. In the middle is a large vasculctr bundle; â ui its phloeiQ; g outer lai^e trachcEe of the xylem; / intercellular passage at the inner side of the latter. The cross-section through the leaf shows the same structure. Fig. 14S.âCross-section through the concentrically arranged lower end of a bundle of the leaf-trace in the st
RMRDTPT6–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. SEED PLANTS 163 of the size of a large plum. The very large macrospore (Fig. 40, B, ma) has a definite thick membrane like that of the ferns, but is retained permanently within the sporan- gium. So far as it is known, the development of the. Fig. 40 (CycadacesB).—A, a sporophyll of Cycas circinalis, with six ovules (macrosporangia), ma ; B, longitudinal section of a young ovule of C. revoluta, showing the single large macrospore, ma; C, a sporophyll from the male cone of C. revoluta, showing the lower surface covered with groups or sori of
RMRPXFX1–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. FIG. 421. —Bulb of Fritillaria imperialis in November: A longitudinal section of the whole bulb reduced, z z the coalescent lower portions of the bulb-scales, b b their free upper portions; the scales enclose a cavity / which contains the decayed flower-stem : next year's bud is formed in the axil of the innermost scale ; its first leaves will form the new bulb, while its axis will develope into the flower-stem; the root w springs from the axis of this bud. B longitudinal section of the apical region of next year's bud, j apex of
RMRDX42F–. Lichens. Lichens. Fig. 1. Physcia aipolia 'Hyh Vertical section of thallus. i/, cortex; ^, algal layer; c; medulla; d, lower cortex. X 100 (partly diagrammatic). Fig. 3. Collema nigrescens Aci. Vertical section of thallus. a, chains of the alga Nostoc; b-, fungal filaments, x 600. - remain distinct. The green zone can be easily demonstrated in any of the larger lichens by scaling off the outer surface cells, or by making a vertical section through the thallus. The colourless cells penetrate to some extent among the green cells; they also form the whole of the cortical and medullary tissues.
RMRDF3JP–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. Fig. 4.—A, Archegonium of Riccia trichocarpa, showing the ventral canal cell (w), X525; B, ripe archegonium of R, glauca^ longitudinal section, X260. separates the ventral canal cell from the egg. The four primary cover cells enlarge a good deal as the archegonium approaches maturity, and divide by radial walls usually once, so that the complete number is normally eight—^Janczewski gives ten in R. BischoMi. The basal cell finally divides into a single lower cell which remains undivided, comple
RMRPXTBJ–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. FIG. 65.—Transverse section through the horizontal thallus of Marchantia polymorpha; A central part, furnished on the under side with the leaf-like appendages b, and the rhizoids h (x 30}; B marginal part of the thallus, more highly magnified; p colourless reticulately thickened parenchyma ; 0 epidermis of the upper side; ckl the cells containing chlorophyll; sp stoma; s partition-walls between the hypodermal chambers ; u lower epidermis with dark-coloured cell-walls.. FIG. 66.—Sap-conducting intercellular passages in the young st
RMRE3NGT–. Text book of zoology. Zoology. Fig. 131. Diagrammatical section through the skiu of » Chsetopod. c ontiole, ep epidermis, ep' epidermal cell, which secretes the chseta, b, m muscle-sheath, m' muscle of the lower end of the ohsBta-sac.—Orig. Fig. 132. Anterior end of a Chaetopod (diagrammatic), h prostomiam, m oral segment, with c the oral tentacles; e the next segment.—Orig. at the base, so that there appears to be only one on each side, but each has still its own bundle of ch^tse and its own aciculum. In other cases, the upper parapodium is rudimentary or entirely absent. The parapodia may
RMRPXR4K–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. FIG. 129.—Longitudinal section through the apical region of a branch of Clematis apiifolia; s apex of the stem; b b leaves; gg the first traces of spiral vessels, bending out uninterruptedly from the stem into the leaves. L-NJ FIG. 130.—Bulb of Muscari botryoides; one of the lower bulb-scales is thrown back, in order to show the numerous buds standing side by side in its axil. the formation of a branchlet results when the increase in length of the primary axis and the formation of its leaves ceases for a time and is subsequently r
RMRE36NH–. Plant anatomy from the standpoint of the development and functions of the tissues, and handbook of micro-technic. Plant anatomy. 148 CONSTRUCTION OF PLANT'S FOOD. Pig. So.—Cross section of a portion of a leaf of Indian corn. a, upper, and b, lower epidermis; c, c, palisade cells; n, border parenchyma containing starch within its chloroplasts; e, vas- cular bundle; d. d, stomata. but the parenchyma sheath on bright days is well filled with it (Fig. 80). Of course the palisade cells manufacture soluble carbohydrate abundantly, and the starch in the sheath cells doubtless represents a surplus t
RMRDFDR5–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 218 POEOXYLEAE [CH.. Fig. 464. Poroxylon. A, B, Poroxylon Boysseti. A, transverse section of leaf in the region of lateral expansion of the petiole; E, portion of vascular tissue of A. C—E, Poroxylon Edwardsii. C, leaf-trace showing recent separation of the two protoxylems; D, leaf-trace at a lower level with more widely separated protoxylems, px; B, leaf-trace intermediate between C and D. (From photographs suppUed by Prof. Bertrand.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been dig
RMRDC1H4–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 130.—Sections of Maple leaves showing the upper epidermis ruptured by 1, RKytisma acerinwm; 2, Rhytisma 2mnctatum. Fig. 131.—Rhytisma symvietricum Miill. Two leaves of Salix purpurea vrith stromata. A, The upper side. B, The lower side. C, Longitudinal section through the same leaf, showing numerous apothecia on the upper side, fewer on the lower ; the shaded middle part represents leaf-tissue, the remainder is
RMRE0PDM–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. >- ^•^' .'M fij. Fig. 266. Forms of adhesion that result from shortening of receptacle: A, flower of rose. B, section of flower, showing the lower portion of recep- tacle forming a cup about the megasporophylls, mg, and bearing the other organs of the flower. C, inflorescence of comfrey, Symphytum. D, flower enlarged in section to show adhesion of microsporophylls, mi, to the tubular corolla. more value in enabling us to state whether a plant is of high or low rank. As the cyclic habit became established, so the number of organs in each whorl beca
RMRDF20M–. The structure and development of mosses and ferns (Archegoniatae). Plant morphology; Mosses; Ferns. EQUISETINEJE 461 A). The growth is stronger at certain points, which, according to Rees, have a definite relation to the early divisions. Thus in E. scirpoides the teeth are always three, and correspond to the. Fig. 268.—Transverse section of a young vegetative shoot just below tlie apex, X260; B, outer part of a section lower down, X260; pr, procambial zone; C, young vascular bundle, X520; t, primary tracheids. primary nodal cells; in E. arvense there are six or seven, in the first case corre
RMRE0T7F–. Plants and their uses; an introduction to botany. Botany; Botany, Economic. THE FERNS 539. Fig. 366.âFern Stems {Aspidiuni sjjp.). A, underground stem {rhizome) of A. Filix-mas with rind removed to shoy the net-worli of fibrovascular bundles. B, one mesh of this nct-worlv enlarged to show the branches which enter a leaf to form its framework. C, cross-section of a rhizome (â 4. corioceu}n) slightly enlarged to show the cylindrical fibrovascular system formed of two main strands, the upper (o) smaller than the lower (n), and the finer branches of these which enter the leaves. D, the fibrovas
![. Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Scientific expeditions. 72 b Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 SECTION 4. FIGURES WITH ONLY A LOCAL DISTRIBUTION LIX. Thk Walrus = aiviq This figure is identical with the "scapulae," or "head of a caribou" (No. XLVI) except for the final movement. It was learnt from a Barrow native. Opening A. Pass the thumbs over the radial index strings and from the proximal side raise with them the lower transverse string, then with their backs from the proximal side draw out through the thumb loops the radial little finger strings. W Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDBX6B/report-of-the-canadian-arctic-expedition-1913-18-scientific-expeditions-72-b-canadian-arctic-expedition-1913-18-section-4-figures-with-only-a-local-distribution-lix-thk-walrus-=-aiviq-this-figure-is-identical-with-the-quotscapulaequot-or-quothead-of-a-caribouquot-no-xlvi-except-for-the-final-movement-it-was-learnt-from-a-barrow-native-opening-a-pass-the-thumbs-over-the-radial-index-strings-and-from-the-proximal-side-raise-with-them-the-lower-transverse-string-then-with-their-backs-from-the-proximal-side-draw-out-through-the-thumb-loops-the-radial-little-finger-strings-w-RDBX6B.jpg ". Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Scientific expeditions. 72 b Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 SECTION 4. FIGURES WITH ONLY A LOCAL DISTRIBUTION LIX. Thk Walrus = aiviq This figure is identical with the "scapulae," or "head of a caribou" (No. XLVI) except for the final movement. It was learnt from a Barrow native. Opening A. Pass the thumbs over the radial index strings and from the proximal side raise with them the lower transverse string, then with their backs from the proximal side draw out through the thumb loops the radial little finger strings. W Stock Photo")
RMRDBX6B–. Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Scientific expeditions. 72 b Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 SECTION 4. FIGURES WITH ONLY A LOCAL DISTRIBUTION LIX. Thk Walrus = aiviq This figure is identical with the "scapulae," or "head of a caribou" (No. XLVI) except for the final movement. It was learnt from a Barrow native. Opening A. Pass the thumbs over the radial index strings and from the proximal side raise with them the lower transverse string, then with their backs from the proximal side draw out through the thumb loops the radial little finger strings. W
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xiv] LYCOPODIUM 49 outer tissue of the sporophylls (a). A transverse section in the plane BB of fig. 127 is shown in fig. 129: the pedicels and a part of each vascular strand are seen at b radiating from the axis of the cone; one sporophyll (sp, a) is cut through in the. .1^^ ^:::^ Fig. 129. Transverse section of the cone of Lycopodium cernuum in the plane BB of fig. 127. (After Lang.)] region of the pad of tracheal tissue that characterises the short sporangial stalks. The upper portions of the sporangia of the next lower who Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDBCDY/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xiv-lycopodium-49-outer-tissue-of-the-sporophylls-a-a-transverse-section-in-the-plane-bb-of-fig-127-is-shown-in-fig-129-the-pedicels-and-a-part-of-each-vascular-strand-are-seen-at-b-radiating-from-the-axis-of-the-cone-one-sporophyll-sp-a-is-cut-through-in-the-1-fig-129-transverse-section-of-the-cone-of-lycopodium-cernuum-in-the-plane-bb-of-fig-127-after-lang-region-of-the-pad-of-tracheal-tissue-that-characterises-the-short-sporangial-stalks-the-upper-portions-of-the-sporangia-of-the-next-lower-who-RDBCDY.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xiv] LYCOPODIUM 49 outer tissue of the sporophylls (a). A transverse section in the plane BB of fig. 127 is shown in fig. 129: the pedicels and a part of each vascular strand are seen at b radiating from the axis of the cone; one sporophyll (sp, a) is cut through in the. .1^^ ^:::^ Fig. 129. Transverse section of the cone of Lycopodium cernuum in the plane BB of fig. 127. (After Lang.)] region of the pad of tracheal tissue that characterises the short sporangial stalks. The upper portions of the sporangia of the next lower who Stock Photo")
RMRDBCDY–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xiv] LYCOPODIUM 49 outer tissue of the sporophylls (a). A transverse section in the plane BB of fig. 127 is shown in fig. 129: the pedicels and a part of each vascular strand are seen at b radiating from the axis of the cone; one sporophyll (sp, a) is cut through in the. .1^^ ^:::^ Fig. 129. Transverse section of the cone of Lycopodium cernuum in the plane BB of fig. 127. (After Lang.)] region of the pad of tracheal tissue that characterises the short sporangial stalks. The upper portions of the sporangia of the next lower who
RMRE36NF–. Plant anatomy from the standpoint of the development and functions of the tissues, and handbook of micro-technic. Plant anatomy. Pig. So.—Cross section of a portion of a leaf of Indian corn. a, upper, and b, lower epidermis; c, c, palisade cells; n, border parenchyma containing starch within its chloroplasts; e, vas- cular bundle; d. d, stomata. but the parenchyma sheath on bright days is well filled with it (Fig. 80). Of course the palisade cells manufacture soluble carbohydrate abundantly, and the starch in the sheath cells doubtless represents a surplus that comes to the sheath cells from
RMRE3NGX–. Text book of zoology. Zoology. Fig. 131. Diagrammatical section through the skiu of » Chsetopod. c ontiole, ep epidermis, ep' epidermal cell, which secretes the chseta, b, m muscle-sheath, m' muscle of the lower end of the ohsBta-sac.—Orig. Fig. 132. Anterior end of a Chaetopod (diagrammatic), h prostomiam, m oral segment, with c the oral tentacles; e the next segment.—Orig. at the base, so that there appears to be only one on each side, but each has still its own bundle of ch^tse and its own aciculum. In other cases, the upper parapodium is rudimentary or entirely absent. The parapodia may
RMRE0CHF–. The spavin group of lameness. Spavin; Horses. o Fig, III. — Longitudinal Section of humerus, shown in Fig. 1). A. Approximately normal articular cartilage. B. Darkened area in bone, due to intense inflammalion, corresponding to the dark areas in Fig. II. C. C. Erosions at margin of articular cartilage.. Fig. TV. — Spavin. Section through the lower tarsal row and metatarsus showing condensing ostitis, with marked osteo-sclerosis in tarsal bones.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearan
RMRE3M9B–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. i68 MUSCINEM stomates belong; (2) a close tissue containing but little chlorophyll, and with the cell-walls pitted or reticulately thickened, without intercellular spaces but sometimes containing mucilage-receptacles; and (3) a ventral. Fig. 153.—A, transverse section through middle portion of thallus of M, poly7norpha (x 30); B, through marginal portion (more highly magnified). /, colourless layer without intercellular spaces o, epiderm of upper side; chl^ chlorophyllous layer; sp, stomate; s, partition-walls between air- chamhers; w, lower epid
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