Orchid Research Newsletter No. 44 - Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

Orchid Research Newsletter No. 44 

(July 2004) 

Introduction 

Taxonomy and conservation have always been 

intimately related. Unless you know where plants grow 

and what they are, you cannot formulate plans to 

conserve them. Great strides have been made in recent 

years to complete an alpha-taxonomic checklist of the 

world’s orchids, and few countries are now devoid of a 

checklist or floristic account. The same could not have 

been said even ten years ago. The World Orchid 

Checklist (details in the last ORN), to which many 

specialists have contributed, is now on the web and is 

being widely used, but we would still appreciate 

corrections being sent to the compiler. It is proving an 

immensely useful tool, and a searchable version will 

shortly be made available on the Kew website. 

The successful Second International Orchid 

Conservation Conference at the Marie Selby Botanical 

Garden in May 2004 was attended by 130 delegates 

from 22 countries. The programme was diverse and of 

a high standard. The attendance of so many 

postgraduate students and their excellent contributions 

was particularly encouraging and invigorating. Wes 

Higgins and the Selby staff are to be congratulated for 

providing superb facilities and an enjoyable ambience 

for the meeting. Readers will be able to see the 

contributions in a forthcoming issue of Selbyana. 

I have recently been in Madagascar and China, 

both countries where conservation is a major issue 

because of large human populations and consequent 

loss of habitat. In Madagascar, the new government 

has given conservation efforts a higher priority, and the 

signs are promising that the rate of habitat loss will be 

reduced. However, habitats continue to suffer because 

of the continuing rapid rise in population numbers and 

the low standard of living with many people still 

dependent on the environment for their survival. In 

China, where population numbers are more stable, 

rising standards of living are the main threat. Areas 

that were remote and difficult of access ten years ago 

have now been opened up to tourism by major roadbuilding 

programmes, hotel construction, and generally 

tidying up of the countryside. Nevertheless, the 

generation of substantial income from tourism in 

protected areas in China portends that many will 

survive. 

Now that ORN is not distributed by 

conventional means and available only on the Internet, I 

would encourage readers to continue to send in 

information about their research and any other pertinent 

news for inclusion in the forthcoming issues (see 

below). 

Karlheinz Senghas and Paddy Woods, two of 

the leading orchid taxonomists of the past few decades, 

passed away this spring, a sad and significant loss for 

the small community of orchid specialists and to their 

many friends. – Phillip Cribb 

____________________________________________ 

News from Correspondents 

We invite readers to send us changes of address (e-mail 

and snail mail), notice of recent publications, recently 

completed projects, current and future projects, and 

recent and future field trips for inclusion in this section 

of the Orchid Research Newsletter. Please send all 

news to Dr. David Roberts at 

d.roberts@rbgkew.org.uk. 

____________________________________________ 

In Memoriam 

Fritz Hamer (1912-2004) 

Fritz Hamer, the most prominent and maybe the only 

real expert on the orchids of El Salvador and Nicaragua 

during the second half of the 20th century, was the last 

of a long list of German collectors and scientists who 

played a relevant role in the history of Central 

American orchidology. 

Hamer was born on 22 November 1912 in Hamburg, 

Germany, where he grew up and received his education 

in business in a Dutch-owned export company. In 1936 

his company sent him to Venezuela and a year later to 

Guatemala, where the onset of World War II found 

him. He owned a farm that was confiscated by the 

Guatemalan government and in 1942 was repatriated to 

Germany, where he served in the Army during the 

campaign against Russia. At the end of the war he 

went back to Guatemala for a short period of time and 

established himself later in El Salvador, where he 

formed a successful company that imported and 

distributed auto parts. 

His interest in orchids started relatively late in life. 

Around 1960, someone gave him a Miltonia that caught 

his artistic eye and led to his first orchid drawing. He 

began exploring the country in search of orchids, which 

he cultivated patiently, preparing photographs, 

illustrations, and descriptions. Hamer soon discovered 

the lack of adequate bibliography about the orchids of 

his adoptive country. After Standley’s and Calderón’s 

Preliminary List of the Plants of El Salvador (1925), in 

which 63 species of orchids in 28 genera were 

described, nothing else had been published about the 

orchid flora of the country. Motivated by this, Hamer 

began in 1971 the preparation of his fundamental work 

The Orchids of El Salvador, the first two volumes of 

which were published in 1974 by the Ministry of 

Education of El Salvador. In it 279 species in 67

genera were described. Social and political unrest, 

which led later to civil war, made Hamer abandon El 

Salvador and move to Florida, where he became part of 

the scientific staff of the Marie Selby Botanical 

Gardens. It was there where he published, in 1981, the 

third volume of his work, bringing the number of 

Salvadorian orchids to 362 species in 93 genera. 

Alfonso H. Heller (1894-1973), an American of 

German origin, died of a coronary in 1973 while 

watering the garden of his large estate high up in the 

hills overlooking Managua, the capital of Nicaragua. 

Heller, who had studied the orchids of Nicaragua since 

1957, left a truckload full of information on local 

orchids with drawings, descriptions, color slides, and 

specimens of dried plants of Orchidaceae, as well as a 

large and valuable library, which were donated by 

Christiane Heller to the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, 

then under the directorship of Dr. Calaway H. Dodson. 

The donation was made with the understanding that 

arrangements would be made to use Heller’s work for a 

publication. Dodson invited Hamer, who still resided 

in El Salvador, to have a look at Heller’s material. 

Then there was another development. The Missouri 

Botanical Garden had committed itself to preparing a 

Flora de Nicaragua, in cooperation with the University 

of Managua, and Hamer was asked to take over the 

family of orchids within that Flora. With Heller’s 

material as a base, Hamer visited the herbaria at Kew, 

the Field Museum in Chicago, the Escuela Agrícola 

Panamericana at “El Zamorano” in Honduras, at 

Managua and at the University of Michigan, finding 

that there was more material available from past 

expeditions to Nicaragua. Fascicle seven of the first 

series of Icones Plantarum Tropicarum, edited by 

Dodson, which contained the first 100 descriptions and 

illustrations by Hamer on the orchids of Nicaragua, was 

published in 1982. During the next years, Hamer 

published 500 additional plates for the Icones. Thus it 

was again Hamer who filled a void in the bibliography 

of the orchids of Central America. Since the doubtful 

‘Flora Nicaragüense’ of Miguel Ramírez Goyena 

(1909), in which 94 species were listed, nothing else 

had ever been published about the orchidaceous flora of 

that country. Between 1988 and 1990 Hamer published 

in the scientific journal Selbyana (Vol. 10 and 11) his 

Orchids of Central America – an Illustrated Field 

Guide, in which he reproduced all his illustrations of 

the orchids of the region, although without descriptions. 

The project of the Flora de Nicaragua of the Missouri 

Botanical Garden became finally a reality in 2001, and 

again it was Hamer, already 89 years of age, who 

authored the chapter on Orchidaceae, describing 587 

species in 144 genera. 

Hamer collaborated also with Dr. Carlyle A. Luer, 

translating into German the seven volumes of 

Thesaurus Dracularum (1988-1994) and the first five 

volumes of A Treasure of Masdevallia (1996-2001). 

During his life, Hamer published 14 new species and 9 

new combinations of Orchidaceae. Other species were 

described based on collections by Hamer and dedicated 

to him: Beloglottis hameri Garay, Pelexia hameri 

Garay, and Ponthieva hameri Dressler. Hamer was 

married for 42 years to Hedwig Pfister, to whom he 

dedicated one of the new species he had discovered: 

Maxillaria hedwigae Hamer & Dodson. 

He had three sons, one of which was murdered in 2003 

by kidnappers in El Salvador. Overwhelmed by this 

tragedy, which cast a shadow over the last months of 

his life, Fritz Hamer passed away in Sarasota, Florida, 

on 13 January 2004. -- Carlos Ossenbach. 

Dr. Karlheinz Senghas (1928–2004) 

On 4 February 2004, Dr. Karlheinz Senghas, former 

academic director of the University of Heidelberg's 

Botanical Garden, passed away in the early morning 

hours. Supported by internet and e-mail, this sad news 

has spread rapidly through the international orchid 

community. 

After his studies and Ph.D. in 1960, he served as 

curator and scientific director of Heidelberg's Botanical 

Garden until his retirement in 1993. Professor Rauh 

persuaded him to take over the responsibility of the 

orchid section in 1960. Rauh believed that a single 

individual could not expand several collections and and 

conduct scientific research at the same time (see 

Journal für den Orchideenfreund 4/2000, page 269). 

Dr. Senghas was president of the Deutsche Orchideen- 

Gesellschaft from 1976-1978 and active in the society's 

editorial office. There he contributed to the society's 

journal, Die Orchidee, as co-initiator of the reliable 

orchid card files. These card files have been published 

from 1976 until today. 

In 1962 he described his first orchid species, Aerangis 

buchlohii Sengh. He was responsible for more than 

300 publications on orchids (see: 

http://www.kurpfalzorchid.de/). All of his studies and 

publications are respected at both the national and 

international levels. As a taxonomist and researcher in 

systematic botany, he established 17 new orchid genera 

and described 388 species. 

Dr. Senghas was co-publisher and concluding editor of 

the third edition of the Schlechter manual Die 

Orchideen (four volumes and one register volume), 

adding up to 13 kg of books with more than 3000 

pages! This is a manual for botanists, scientists, orchid 

enthusiasts, and commercial growers, an immense work

3 

finally published after 17 years of preparation 

beginning in 1953. 

Among orchid enthusiasts this opus, his life's work, is 

simply known as "Schlechter". But, it should or could 

be titled "Senghas", without disrespecting his coauthor's 

merits, as he was the sole editor over the years 

of publishing, gave this manual his personal style, and 

brought it to completion. In his bilingual book Orchids 

– Plants of Extremes, Contrasts, and Superlatives, he 

gave an excellent overview of this large plant family. It 

was illustrated with colour photos of more than 500 

species, many of them rare, which he documented 

during his scientific work at Heidelberg Botantic 

Garden. 

He was known not only to the orchid people but to the 

general botanical and horticultural communities as well. 

He edited, revised, and enlarged Schmeil Fitschen, a 

flora of Germany, several times. This flora is studied 

by every German botany student. In his popular 

lectures and courses for beginners in botany, he always 

tested its functionality and so improved its easy use. 

Dr. Senghas received many honours, such as the orchid 

genera Senghasia (Journal für den Orchideenfreund, 

4/2003) and Senghasiella (Die Orchidee, 3/2003), the 

complex hybrid Senghasara, and the hybrid 

Paphiopedilum Dr. Karlheinz Senghas (roebellini × 

Vanguard), grown by Hilmar Doll. Coryanthes 

senghasiana was dedicated to him by Gerlach. 

From its first issue, he was engaged in working for the 

Vereinigung Deutscher Orchideenfreunde's Journal für 

den Orchideenfreund. His first article in the journal 

described a new genus, Cydoniorchis (see issue 1/1994, 

pages 11 ff.). This premiere was followed by some 200 

contributions, including about a hundred literature 

reviews, that Dr. Senghas made to 40 issues of Journal 

für den Orchideenfreund. This cooperative working 

relationship lasted ten years, as the first issue is dated 4 

February 1994. Only a few days before his death we 

discussed issue 1/2004. For us as editor of Journal für 

den Orchideenfreund, leader of the Kurpfalz Orchid 

Group or curator and scientific collaborator, we lose a 

friend and “the orchid specialist” in Europe. -- Roland 

Schettler (Mittelcarthausen 2, D-58553 Halver, 

Germany); Ingrid and German Senger (Kreuzstr. 25, 

D-68753 Waghäusel, Germany); Dr. Günter Gerlach, 

Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg, 

Menzinger Str. 65, D-80638 München, Germany). 

Ellinor (“Nora”) Freeman Dunsterville 

(1904-2004) 

Nora Dunsterville, widow of G.C.K. (“Stalky”) 

Dunsterville, passed away on 15 May 2004, just three 

months short of what would have been her 100th 

birthday on 14 August. A chance meeting that began on 

a hockey field in Birmingham, England, led to marriage 

in Egypt in 1929 and eventually an unparalleled 

account of Venezuela’s orchid flora until Stalky died on 

26 November 1988. 

In a partnership that spanned six decades, they explored 

the remotest tepuis of Venezuela, including Auyántepui 

that inspired Arthur Conan Doyle to write The Lost 

World. They recounted their exploits for over 20 years 

in the pages of the American Orchid Society Bulletin 

and other journals, brimming with Stalky’s magnificent 

photographs and drawings of orchid species and 

thrilling a generation of orchid growers vicariously. We 

were there when they found the only way to the summit 

of Auyántepui through the so-called Access Crack, 

helicoptered to the tops of other spectacular tepuis, 

crawled unknowingly over pit-vipers, and paddled 

along often treacherous rivers in a dugout canoe. Their 

joy in discovering nature infected readers with a 

passion to cultivate orchid species. Nora was there to 

tell us how, a skill which Stalky attributed to training 

by her father, Bertram Freeman, who won several gold 

medals in England for his alpine plants. 

From their base in El Hatillo southeast of Caracas they 

would use every free moment on weekends and 

holidays to climb into their jeep and explore the tepuis, 

rivers, and forests of Venezuela for orchids. Long 

before women’s liberation became a movement, Nora 

would meet every challenge that Stalky did – being 

lowered by helicopter onto Cerro Autana, standing on 

the edge of the deep holes of Meseta de Sarisariñama, 

paddling down the Orinoco, surviving insects, snakes, 

thirst, cloudbursts, mud, and heat. In 1964, at the age of 

60, she hiked up the boulders of the Access Crack with 

Stalky to the top of Auyántepui, where Jimmy Angel’s 

plane had landed without rising again in 1937. Nora 

filtered drinking water from bromeliads through rags 

for the expedition, “making it potable but producing a 

dreadful cup of tea,” she later wrote. 

Nora co-authored many of Stalky’s 250 articles on 

orchids over four decades. They collected more than 

1,055 species, which were described with Dr. Leslie 

Garay of the Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium of 

Harvard University and illustrated in the six volumes of 

Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated and later in Orchids of 

Venezuela: An Illustrated Field Guide. In 1985 Stalky 

and Nora donated hundreds of their liquid-preserved 

specimens to the American Orchid Society. Several 

years later these (which included 23 holotypes) were 

transferred to The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, 

where they were part of a restoration grant from the 

National Science Foundation. 

Several species were named after both Stalky and Nora, 

such as Epidendrum dunstervilleorum, Lepanthes

dunstervilleorum, Oncidium dunstervilleorum, and 

Stelis dunstervilleorum. Nora is individually 

commemorated in Lepanthes norae, Elleanthus norae, 

Notylia norae, and Stelis norae. Both Stalky and Nora 

received Silver Medals from the American Orchid 

Society in 1987 for decades of service to the orchid 

world. 

Nora’s ashes were interred next to Stalky’s grave in the 

cemetery in El Hatillo on 19 June 2004. They are 

survived by their daughters, Jennifer D. Fernández and 

Hilary D. Branch, along with many grandchildren and 

great-grandchildren. We send our sincere condolences 

and thank them for sharing such gifted individuals with 

the world for so long. – Alec Pridgeon 

Patrick Woods (1932-2004) 

Patrick Woods, Paddy to his many friends, died 

peacefully on 28 May 2004 after a long illness. He is 

best known for his association with and work on 

Bornean and New Guinea orchids and gesneriads, 

passions stimulated by an expedition to the islands in 

1962, more of which later. 

Paddy was born on 3 July 1932 in Ballinderry, 

Northern Ireland, the middle of three brothers and the 

great-grandson of Thomas Smith, the founder of the 

renowned Daisy Hill nursery in Newry. He grew up on 

the outskirts of Belfast and attended a local primary 

school. Coincidentally, he had already established an 

early link with Scotland, having spent his seventh year 

in Glasgow. His leaving-present was Norman 

Macdonald’s 1940 book, The Orchid Hunters, with its 

tales of derring-do set in South America. At the age of 

11 he started his secondary education at Belfast High 

School. 

After he left school he took up an 

apprenticeship at Mount Stewart, a famous garden on 

the Ards Peninsula, Strangford Loch (now a National 

Trust property). His early interests there were 

rhododendrons, conifers, and temperate trees and 

shrubs, but he also gained his first taste of orchids in 

the small but choice tropical orchid collection there. 

He entered the Edinburgh Botanic Garden in 1953 as a 

student on their three-year horticultural diploma course. 

Edinburgh had a fine orchid collection that had been 

developed and grown from 1911 until 1947 by Alfred 

Munday, a former employee of the famous Sander 

orchid nursery of St Albans. During this period, Sir 

Isaac Bayley Balfour, the Director, had worked closely 

with George Forrest, the famous plant collector in 

China. Consequently, a number of rare Chinese species 

survived in the collection, including the spectacular 

Cymbidium wilsonii (which fortunately still survives 

there), Pleione forrestii, and Bulleya yunnanensis, 

named after Forrest’s patron A.K. Bulley, the owner of 

Bee’s Nursery at Ness, Cheshire. 

On successfully completing the diploma 

course in 1956, Paddy joined the herbarium staff as an 

assistant to Mr B. L. “Bill” Burtt, who is an authority 

on Old World Gesneriaceae. He originally helped with 

Burtt’s work on Streptocarpus and Saintpaulia but was 

asked to name Asiatic species, especially 

Aeschynanthus, which became a life-long interest. 

In 1962, Paddy joined Bill Burtt’s expedition 

to Sarawak for five of the six months. They worked in 

the Gunung Mulu area before it was gazetted as a 

National Park. The later rediscovery in 1978 of 

Paphiopedilum sanderianum in the region by his good 

friend George Argent was received philosophically by 

Paddy, who must have been within metres of the 

discovery himself. 

From Sarawak, Paddy visited Papua New 

Guinea at the invitation of Geoff Elworthy, a keen 

orchid grower who lived in Port Moresby. He was 

amazed at the diversity of New Guinea’s orchids, 

currently estimated at over 3000 species. Many orchids 

were brought back as living plants for later 

identification when they flowered. This injection of 

fine species led to Edinburgh gaining a reputation for 

its expertise on New Guinea orchids, especially the 

brightly coloured, cushion-forming, high-elevation 

Dendrobium species of sections Oxyglossum, 

Calyptrochilus, and Cuthbertsonia. Dick Warren was 

inspired to start propagating these when Paddy 

introduced him to Edinburgh’s collection of them 

several years ago. 

Paddy embarked on a revision of the 

perplexing and variable species of Dendrobium sect. 

Oxyglossum with Tom Reeve, who lived for many 

years at Laiagam in the New Guinea highlands and 

undertook many expeditions to collect orchids for the 

Enga Province government orchid centre that he 

established at Laiagam. The resulting monograph that 

was published in 1990 is a model of its kind, accessible 

to both the professional taxonomist and orchid growers. 

Paddy was able to compare his collections with those of 

Rudolf Schlechter and other collectors in New Guinea, 

of which Edinburgh has an excellent selection. Paddy 

encouraged the Garden to exhibit its New Guinea 

orchid collection, and it did so successfully at several 

orchid shows as far afield as Glasgow, London, and 

Germany. 

The 14 th World Orchid Conference in Glasgow 

saw the publication of highly praised Wild Orchids of 

Scotland, which Paddy co-authored. Paddy also nearly 

brought off a coup in getting a series of fine 

watercolours of Scottish orchids or another set of 

orchids with Scottish connections featured on a series 

of British postage stamps to commemorate the event. 

Sadly, another series of orchid stamps was chosen. 

Paddy retired from the Royal Botanic Garden 

Edinburgh in 1992, their last orchid specialist (for the 

time being I hope!). However, both he and Jennifer 

continued to take an actively participate in the Garden’s 

work as honorary staff members. 

Paddy’s links with Ireland were nurtured all 

the time. In a lecture he once gave he commented that

5 

“Ireland is full of odd people and odd places – there are 

even moss forests nearer than New Guinea. This one (a 

photograph of the Burren) is an area on the west 

coast…which consists of vast tracts of apparently 

barren limestone pavement. This prompted one of 

Cromwell’s generals to remark in the 17 th Century: ‘it is 

a country where there is not water enough to drown a 

man, wood to hang one, nor earth enough to bury 

him’.” Paddy added, “But this is not the case, for there 

are plants between the rocks and there are lovely banks 

of flowers, which brings me back to where I started – 

Orchis mascula”. His good friend, the artist Raymond 

Piper, produced a magnificent study of Irish orchids, 

including Orchis mascula, and their varieties, all in 

habitat. Paddy was his main confidant and identified 

all that was sent to him, encouraging him to publish his 

deep knowledge of these wonderful plants (he has yet 

to do so, “being a perfectionist always searching for the 

holy grail” as Paddy noted). Throughout his life, Paddy 

kept up a correspondence with many friends and 

acquaintances, encouraging them. He was particularly 

pleased to see the National Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, 

revive their orchid collection through the enthusiasm of 

Brendan Sayers and his team and received honourable 

mention in the recent book on orchids at Glasnevin. 

Paddy contracted multiple sclerosis in 1969. 

His wife, Pauline, contracted breast cancer at about the 

same time and died in 1975. Paddy married his 

colleague Jennifer Lamont, with whom he worked at 

the Herbarium, shortly afterwards. Jennifer and Paddy 

formed a marvellous team and made light of Paddy’s 

illness until near the end. Paddy died on 28 May and is 

survived by Jennifer and his son and daughter from his 

first marriage. 

The orchid world is the poorer for his loss. 

We all admired his determination to lead a full life and 

his and Jennifer’s devotion to each other. He was a 

great friend and mentor to me and many others and will 

be greatly missed by us. --Phillip Cribb 

____________________________________________ 

Upcoming Conferences 

18th World Orchid Conference (11-20 

March 2005) 

Registration forms and hotel bookings for what 

promises to be a spectacular World Orchid Conference 

and Show in Dijon, France, are now online at 

http://www.woc2005.org. The provisional lecture 

programme has been recently added to the website. 

You may also download a .pdf file with complete 

information on all the social events, optional tours, and 

post-Conference tours. We urge those planning to 

attend to arrange for hotel rooms as soon as possible 

because they will be going fast. 

First Scientific Conference on Andean 

Orchids (11-13 November 2005) 

The First Scientific Conference on Andean Orchids, 

sponsored by Ecuagenera, Cia. Ltda., will be held 11- 

13 November 2005 in Gualaceo, Ecuador. The 

Conference will not be associated with any show, and 

there will be no social events. However, there will be 

multiple-day pre-conference tours for registrants on a 

first-come, first-served basis as well as local tours to 

Cuenca, Sigsig, and Chordeleg. This is an excellent 

opportunity to see first-hand the incredible diversity of 

Ecuador's orchids with expert guides from Ecuagenera. 

There can be no collecting on the tours without a permit 

from the Ecuadorian government, but plants from 

Ecuagenera will be available for sale and CITES export 

documents and phytosanitary certificates will be 

provided on-site. Publicity with registration details and 

the lecture programme will soon appear in orchid 

journals, on the web and in the next issue (no. 45) of 

the Orchid Research Newsletter. 

This promises to be an extraordinary experience for all 

registrants, many of whom will be students from 

Ecuador and other countries. For further information 

you may contact either Pepe Portilla 

(ecuagen@c.ecua.net.ec) or Alec Pridgeon 

(a.pridgeon@rbgkew.org.uk). 

____________________________________________ 

Recent Orchid Nomenclature 

We thank Rosemary Davies for supplying new orchid 

names received by Index Kewensis from 6 November 

2003 to 26 May 2004. 

Acampe joiceyana (J.J.Sm.) Seidenf. in Nord. J. Bot. 

22(6): 532 (2002 publ. 2003): Trichoglottis joiceyana 

Acianthella D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. in Orchadian 

14(7): 331 (2004) 

Acianthella aegeridantennata (N.Hallé) D.L.Jones & 

M.A.Clem. in Orchadian 14(7): 331 (2004) 

Acianthella amplexicaulis (F.M.Bailey) D.L.Jones & 

M.A.Clem. in Orchadian 14(7): 331 (2004): 

Microstylis amplexicaulis 

Acianthella confusa (Guillaum.) D.L.Jones & 

M.A.Clem. in Orchadian 14(7): 331 (2004): Acianthus 

confusus 

Acianthella elegans (Rchb.f.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. 

in Orchadian 14(7): 331 (2004): Acianthus elegans 

Acianthella heptadactyla (Kraenzl.) D.L.Jones &


heptadactylus 

Acianthella macroglossa (Schltr.) D.L.Jones & 


macroglossus 

Acianthella sublesta (Dockrill) D.L.Jones & 


sublestus 

Acianthera breedlovei Soto Arenas, Solano & Salazar 

in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 502 (2002 publ. 2003)–Chiapas 

Acianthera eximia (L.O.Williams) Solano in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 505 (2002 publ. 2003): Pleurothallis 

eximia 

Acianthera gacayana (Schltr.) Solano & Soto Arenas in 

Icon. Orchid. 5-6: x (2002 publ. 2003): Pleurothallis 

gacayana 

Acianthera greenwoodii Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 

5-6: t. 506 (2002 publ. 2003)–Oaxaca 

Acianthera hartwegiifolia (H.Wendl. & Kraenzl.) 

Solano & Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 507 

(2002 publ. 2003): Pleurothallis hartwegiifolia 

Acianthera herrerae (Luer) Solano & Soto Arenas in 


herrerae 

Acianthera majakoluckae Soto Arenas & Solano in 

Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 510 (2002 publ. 2003)–Oaxaca, 

Chiapas 

Acianthera unguicallosa (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Solano 

in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 512 (2002 publ. 2003): 

Pleurothallis unguicallosa 

Acineta hagsateri Salazar & Soto Arenas in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 514 (2002 publ. 2003)–Guerrero 

Acineta mireyae G.Gerlach & M.H.Weber in J. 

Orchideenfreund 10(3): 230 (2003)–Panama 

Acineta salazarii Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 

515 (2002 publ. 2003)–El Salvador, Oaxaca, Chiapas 

Adenoncos quadrangularis Sulist. in Floribunda 2(4): 

104; fig. 1 (Dec. 2003)–Jawa, Sumatera 

Adenoncos triangularis Sulist. in Floribunda 2(4): 105; 

fig. 2 (Dec. 2003)–Sulawesi, Jawa 

Aeranthes campbelliae Hermans & Bosser in 

Adansonia 25(2): 215 (26 Dec. 2003)–Comoros 

Alamania punicea La Llave & Lex. subsp. 

greenwoodiana Soto Arenas & R.Jiménez in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 516 (2002 publ. 2003)–Querétaro, 

Puebla, Oaxaca, Veracruz 

Amesilabium J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003).nom. nov.: Tuberella 

J.M.H.Shaw (Amesiella × Tuberolabium) 

Amitostigma wenshanense W.H.Chen, Y.M.Shui & 

K.Y.Lang in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 25(5): 521 (2003)– 

Yunnan 

Anacamptis ×albuferensis R.M.Bateman in Taxon 

53(1): 53 (2004): (Anacamptis robusta × Anacamptis 

fragrans) Baleares 

Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) L.C.Rich. var. sanguinea 

(Druce) Kreutz in J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 767 (2003): 

Orchis pyramidalis L. var. sanguinea 

Anathallis greenwoodii Soto Arenas & Salazar in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 519 (2002 publ. 2003)–Oaxaca 

Anathallis haberi (Luer) Solano & Soto Arenas in Icon. 


haberi 

Anathallis involuta (L.O.Williams) Solano & Soto 

Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: x (2002 publ. 2003): 

Pleurothallis involuta 

Anathallis lewisiae (Ames) Solano & Soto Arenas in 


lewisiae 

Anathallis oblanceolata (L.O.Williams) Solano & Soto 


Pleurothallis oblanceolata 

Anathallis yucatanensis (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Solano 

& Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: x (2002 publ. 

2003): Pleurothallis yucatanensis 

Arthrochilium africanum (Rendle) Szlach. in Orchidee 

(Hamburg) 54(5): 588 (18 Dec. 2003): Epipactis 

africana 

Arthrochilium atromarginatum (Seidenf.) Szlach. in 

Orchidee (Hamburg) 54(5): 588 (18 Dec. 2003): 

Epipactis atromarginata 

Arthrochilium flavum (Seidenf.) Szlach. in Orchidee 

(Hamburg) 54(5): 588 (18 Dec. 2003): Epipactis flava 

Arthrochilium giganteum (Douglas ex Hook.) Szlach. 

in Orchidee (Hamburg) 54(5): 588 (18 Dec. 2003): 

Epipactis gigantea

7 

Arthrochilium handelii (Schltr.) Szlach. in Orchidee 


handelii 

Arthrochilium mairei (Schltr.) Szlach. in Orchidee 

(Hamburg) 54(5): 588 (18 Dec. 2003): Epipactis mairei 

Arthrochilium royleanum (Lindl.) Szlach. in Orchidee 


royleana 

Arthrochilium schensianum (Schltr.) Szlach. in 


Epipactis schensiana 

Arthrochilium setschuanicum (Ames & Schltr.) Szlach. 


Epipactis setschuanica 

Arthrochilium thunbergii (A.Gray) Szlach. in Orchidee 


thunbergii 

Arthrochilium uluguricum (Mansf.) Szlach. in Orchidee 


ulugurica 

Arthrochilium veratrifolium (Boiss. & Hohen.) Szlach. 


Epipactis veratrifolia 

Arthrochilium wilsonii (Schltr.) Szlach. in Orchidee 


wilsonii 

Arthrochilium xanthophaeum (Schltr.) Szlach. in 


Epipactis xanthophaea 

×Ascofadanda J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl.,112(1255): 14 (2004). (Ascocentrum × Vanda × 

Seidenfadenia × Vanda) 

Aspasia omissa Christenson in Richardiana 4(2): 85 

(84-87; photogr.) (2004)–Colombia 

×Australia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Australorchis × Dockrillia) 

Baptistonia albini (Schltr.) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(3): 117 (2004) [8 Jun]: Oncidium albini 

Baptistonia ×amicta (Lindl.) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(3): 117 (2004) [8 Jun]: Oncidium 

amictum 

Baptistonia brieniana (Rchb.f.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 


brienianum 

Baptistonia ×cassolana (V.P.Castro & Campacci) 

Chiron & V.P.Castro in Richardiana 4(3): 117 (2004) 

[8 Jun]: Oncidium ×cassolanum 

Baptistonia cornigera (Lindl.) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 


cornigerum 

Baptistonia cruciata (Rchb.f.) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 


cruciatum 

Baptistonia damacenoi Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(3): 124 (121-134; figs. 1-6; photogr., 

tabl. 1) (2004) [8 Jun] -Espirito Santo, Brazil, Southern 

America 

Baptistonia fimbriata (Lindl.) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 


fimbriatum 

Baptistonia gutfreundiana (Chiron & V.P.Castro) 

Chiron & V.P.Castro in Richardiana 4(3): 117 (2004) 

[8 Jun]: Oncidium gutfreundianum 

Baptistonia kautskyi (Pabst) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 


kautskyi 

Baptistonia leinigii (Pabst) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 


leinigii 

Baptistonia lietzei (Regel) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004) [8 Jun]: Oncidium lietzei 

Baptistonia nitida (Barb.Rodr.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 


nitidum 

Baptistonia pabstii (Campacci & C.Espejo) Chiron & 

V.P.Castro in Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004) [8 Jun]: 

Oncidium pabstii 

Baptistonia pubes (Lindl.) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004) [8 Jun]: Oncidium pubes 

Baptistonia pulchella (Regel) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004) [8 Jun]: Waluewa 

pulchella 

Baptistonia remotiflora (Garay) Chiron & V.P.Castro 

in Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004) [8 Jun]: Oncidium 

remotiflorum

Baptistonia riograndense (Cogn.) Chiron & V.P.Castro 

in Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004) [8 Jun]: Oncidium 

riograndense 

Baptistonia sarcodes (Lindl.) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 


sarcodes 

Baptistonia silvana (V.P.Castro & Campacci) 

V.P.Castro & Chiron in Richardiana 4(3): 118 (2004) 

[8 Jun]: Oncidium silvanum 

Baptistonia truncata (Pabst) Chiron & V.P.Castro in 


truncatum 

Baptistonia verrucosissima (Cogn.) V.P.Castro & 

Chiron in Richardiana 4(3): 119 (2004) [8 Jun]: 

Oncidium verrucosissimum 

Baptistonia widgrenii (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 


widgrenii 

Bathiorchis Bosser & P.J.Cribb in Adansonia 25(2): 

229 (26 Dec. 2003) 

Bathiorchis rosea (H.Perrier) Bosser & P.J.Cribb in 

Adansonia 25(2): 229 (26 Dec. 2003): Gymnochilus 

roseus 

Bertauxia Szlach. in Richardiana 4(2): 56 (2004) 

Bertauxia nasuta (Rchb.f. & Warm.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 58 (2004) [Apr.] 

Bertauxia rodeiensis (Barb.Rodr.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 58 (2004) 

Bertauxia vaupellii (Rchb.f. & Warm.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 58 (2004) 

Bhutanthera humidicola (K.Y.Lang & D.S.Deng) 

Ormerod in Taiwania 48(3): 139 (2003): Peristylus 

humidicola 

×Brassanthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Brassavola × Guarianthe) 

Brassia verrucosa Lindl. subsp. gireoudiana (Rchb.f. 

& Warsz.) Dressler & N.H.Williams in Selbyana 24(1): 

44 (2003): Brassia gireoudiana 

×Brassophranthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Brassavola × Guarianthe × 

Sophronitis) 

×Brianara J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Galeottia × Pabstia × 

Promenaea × Zygopetalum) 

Bulbophyllum anakbaruppui J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 

Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 143 (2003)–Sulawesi 

Bulbophyllum anisopterum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 

Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 142 (2003)–Sabah 

Bulbophyllum apoense Schuit. & de Vogel in Blumea 

48(3): 507 (2003), nom. nov.: Bulbophyllum 

graciliscapum Ames & Rolfe 

Bulbophyllum boudetianum Fraga in Novon 14(1): 40 (- 

42; fig. 1)(2004)–Espirito Santo 

Bulbophyllum catillus J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in Gard. 

Bull. Singapore 55(1): 148 (2003)–Papua New Guinea 

Bulbophyllum coweniorum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 

Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 150 (2003)–Laos 

Bulbophyllum decurrentilobum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne 

in Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 134 (2003)–Sulawesi 

Bulbophyllum filifolium Borba & E.C.Smidt in Novon 

14(1): 29 (-32; fig. 1) (2004) [23 Mar]–Minas Gerais 

Bulbophyllum flavorubellum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 

Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 128 (2003)–Sabah 

Bulbophyllum furcillatum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 

Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 136 (2003)–Sumatera 

Bulbophyllum globulosum (Ridl.) Schuit. & de Vogel in 

Blumea 48(3): 507 (2003): Phreatia globulosa 

Bulbophyllum illecebrum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 

Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 144 (2003)–Sulawesi 

Bulbophyllum incisilabrum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 


Bulbophyllum iterans J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in Gard. 

Bull. Singapore 55(1): 140 (2003)–Sulawesi 

Bulbophyllum lyriforme J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 

Gard. Bull. Singapore 55(1): 154 (2003)–Papua New 

Guinea 

Bulbophyllum pseudopelma J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 


Bulbophyllum simplex J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in Gard. 


Bulbophyllum sinapis J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in Gard. 

Bull. Singapore 55(1): 156 (2003)–Papua New Guinea

9 

Bulbophyllum tectipes J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in Gard. 


Bulbophyllum turpe J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in Gard. 

Bull. Singapore 55(1): 158 (2003)–Peninsular Malaysia 

Bulbophyllum uncinatum J.J.Verm. & P.O'Byrne in 


Campylocentrum bonifaziae Dodson in Orquideologia 

22(3): 191 (2003)–Ecuador 

Campylocentrum cornejoi Dodson in Orquideologia 

22(3): 192 (2003)–Ecuador 

Campylocentrum puyense Dodson in Orquideologia 

22(3): 195 (2003)–Ecuador 

×Catasellia M.Chen & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 111(1254): 95 (2003): (Ansellia × Catasetum) 

Cattleya labiata Lindl. var. amesiana L.C.Menezes in 

Orquídeas/Orchids: Cattleya labiata autumnalis 83 

(2002)–Brazil 

Cattleya labiata Lindl. var. amoena L.C.Menezes in 



Cattleya labiata Lindl. var. atropurpurea L.C.Menezes 

in Orquídeas/Orchids: Cattleya labiata autumnalis 87 


Cattleya labiata Lindl. var. caerulea L.C.Menezes in 



Cattleya labiata Lindl. var. concolor L.C.Menezes in 



Cattleya labiata Lindl. var. purpureolineata 

L.C.Menezes in Orquídeas/Orchids: Cattleya labiata 

autumnalis 91 (2002)–Brazil 

Cattleya labiata Lindl. var. semialba L.C.Menezes in 



Cattleya ×varelae V.P.Castro & Cath. in Richardiana 

4(2): 43 (-46; fig. 1; photogrs. 1-4) (2004) [Apr]– 

Bahia, Brazil 

×Cattlianthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Cattleya × Guarianthe) 

×Ceporillia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 111(1254): 95 

(2003): (Cepobaculum × Dockrillia) 

×Chrisnopsis J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl.,112(1255): 14 (2004): (Christensonia × 

Paraphalaenopsis) 

Chysis violacea Dressler in Orquideologia 22(3): 237 

(2003)–Panama 

×Clomophyllum M.Chen & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 111(1254): 95 (2003): (Clowesia × 

Grammatophyllum × Mormodes ) 

Coelogyne yiii Schuit. & de Vogel in J. 

Orchideenfreund 10(3): 225 (2003)–Sarawak 

Cuitlauzina candida (Lindl.) Dressler & N.H.Williams 

in Selbyana 24(1): 44 (2003): Oncidium candidum 

Cuitlauzina convallarioides (Schltr.) Dressler & 

N.H.Williams in Selbyana 24(1): 44 (2003): 

Osmoglossum convallarioides 

Cuitlauzina egertonii (Lindl.) Dressler & N.H.Williams 

in Selbyana 24(1): 44 (2003): Odontoglossum egertonii 

Cuitlauzina pulchella (Bateman ex Lindl.) Dressler & 


Odontoglossum pulchellum 

×Cycnophyllum M.Chen & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 111(1254): 95 (2003): (Cycnoches × 

Grammatophyllum) 

Cymbidium gaoligongense Z.J.Liu & J.Yong Zhang in 

J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 21(4): 316 (2003)–Yunnan. 

Cyrtochilum posadarum (Königer) Senghas in J. 

Orchideenfreund 10(3): 281 (2003): Odontoglossum 

posadarum 

×Dactylodenia engelii M.Gerbaud, O.Gerbaud & 

J.M.Lewin in Orchidophile (Asnieres) 159: 269 (267- 

269; figs.) (Dec. 2003): (Dactylorhiza savogiensis × 

Gymnadenia gabasiana)–France 

Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) P.F.Hunt & Summerh. 

subsp. ebudensis (Wief. ex R.M.Bateman & Denholm) 

M.R.Lowe in Eurorchis 15: 81 (2003): Dactylorhiza 

majalis (Rchb.) Rauschert var. ebudensis 

Dendrobium caudiculatum (M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones) 

Schuit. & de Vogel in Blumea 48(3): 509 (2003): 

Dockrillia caudiculata 

Dendrobium erythraeum Schuit. & de Vogel in Blumea 

48(3): 509 (2003), nom. nov.: Dockrillia hepatica 

M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 

Dendrobium leptophyton Schuit. & de Vogel in Blumea

48(3): 509 (2003), nom. nov. Dockrillia delicata 

M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 

Dendrobium limpidum Schuit. & de Vogel in J. 

Orchideenfreund 10(4): 315 (2003)–Papua New Guinea 

Dendrobium meghalayense Y.Kumar & S.Chowdhury 

in Orchidee (Hamburg) 54(4): 455 (2003)–Meghalaya, 

Assam 

Dendrobium nothofageti (M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones) 

Schuit. & de Vogel in Blumea 48(3): 509 (2003): 

Dockrillia nothofageti 

Dendrobium racieanum Cavestro in Orchidophile 

(Asnieres) 159: 272 (2003)–Irian Jaya 

Dendrobium schildhaueri Ormerod & H.A.Pedersen in 

Orchid Rev. 111(1254): 341 (2003)–Laos, Thailand 

Dichromanthus cinnabarinus (La Llave & Lex.) Garay 

subsp. galeottianum (Schltr.) Soto Arenas & Salazar in 

Icon. Orchid. 5-6: xii (2002 publ. 2003): 

Stenorrhynchos galeottianum 

Dipteranthus nectariferus Senghas in J. 

Orchideenfreund 10(3): 260 (2003)–Bolivia 

×Docjonesia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Davejonesia × Dockrillia) 

×Dossinyera Glic. & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 111(1254): 95 (2003): (Dossinia × Goodyera) 

Dryadella greenwoodiana Soto Arenas, Salazar & 

Solano in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 550 (2002 publ. 2003)– 

Oaxaca 

Encyclia adenocaulon Schltr. subsp. kennedyi (Fowlie 

& Withner) Soto Arenas, Salazar & Hágsater in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: xii (2002 publ. 2003): Epidendrum 

kennedyi 

Encyclia calderoniae Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: 

t. 558 (2002 publ. 2003)–Oaxaca 

Encyclia huertae Soto Arenas & R.Jiménez in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 560 (2002 publ. 2003)–Michoacán, 

Oaxaca, Jalisco, Morelos, Nayarit, Guerrero, Sinaloa 

Encyclia nizandensis Pérez-García & Hágsater in Icon. 


Encyclia rzedowskiana Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5- 

6: t. 565 (2002 publ. 2003)–Oaxaca 

Epidendrum cesar-fernandezii Carnevali & I.Ramírez 

in Novon 13(4): 405 (5 Dec. 2003)–Venezuela 

Epidendrum ×gransabanense Carnevali & I.Ramírez in 

Novon 13(4): 407 (5 Dec. 2003): (Epidendrum 

secundum × Epidendrum ibaguense)–Venezuela 

Epidendrum reclinatum Carnevali & I.Ramírez in 

Novon 13(4): 409 (5 Dec. 2003)–Guyana, Venezuela 

Epidendrum silvanum V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(1): 36 (2003)–Bahia 

Epigeneium mimicum Ormerod in Taiwania 48(3): 139 

(2003)–Guangxi, China 

Epipactis densifolia W.Hahn, Passin & R.Wegener in 

Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 20(1): 59-61 

(2003)–Turkey 

Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz var. tangutica 

(Schltr.) S.C.Chen & G.H.Zhu in Novon 13(4): 423 (5 

Dec. 2003): Epipactis tangutica 

Epipactis heraclea P.Delforge & Kreutz in Naturalistes 

Belges 84 (Orchid. 16): 22 (19-33; figs.) (15 Dec. 

2003)–Greece 

Epipactis humilior (Tang & F.T.Wang) S.C.Chen & 

G.H.Zhu in Novon 13(4): 423 (5 Dec. 2003): Epipactis 

mairei Schltr. var. humilior 

Epipactis leptochila (Godfery) Godfery subsp. dinarica 

S.Hertel & Riech. in Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische 

Orchid. 20(1): 17-18 (2003)–Croatia 

Epipactis tremolsii Pau subsp. latina (W.Rossi & 

E.Klein) S.Hertel & Riech. in Ber. Arbeitskreis. 

Heimische Orchid. 20(1): 28 (2003): Epipactis 

helleborine (L.) Crantz subsp. latina 

Erythrodes gigantea Dodson in Orquideologia 22(3): 

196 (2003)–Ecuador 

Erythrodes selbyana Dodson in Orquideologia 22(3): 

213 (2003), nom. nov.: Erythrodes preslii Lindl. ex 

D.E.Benn. & Christenson 

Erythrodes umbraticola (Garay) Dodson in 

Orquideologia 22(3): 213 (2003): Ligeophila 

umbraticola 

Fernandezia aurantiaca Senghas in J. Orchideenfreund 

10(3): 258 (2003)–Ecuador 

×Fisherara J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Neogardneria × Pabstia × 


Flickingeria lonchigera (Schltr.) Schuit. & de Vogel in 

Blumea 48(3): 510 (2003): Dendrobium lonchigerum 

Galeandra santarena S.H.N.Monteiro & J.B.F.Silva in

11 

Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, n.s., Bot. 18(1): 80 

(79-84; fig. 1). 2002 publ. 2003–Pará 

Gavilea feuilleana (Kraenzl.) Lehnebach in Bot. J. 

Linn. Soc. 143(4): 450 (2003): Asarca feuilleana 

Glomera myrtillus (Schltr.) Schuit. & de Vogel in 

Blumea 48(3): 511 (2003): Ischnocentrum myrtillus 

Glomera sepalosiphon Schuit. & de Vogel in Blumea 

48(3): 511 (2003), nom. nov.: Sepalosiphon papuanum 

Schltr. 

×Gomonia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl.,112(1255): 14 (2004): (Gomesa × Miltonia) 

×Goodisachilus Glic. & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl.,112(1255): 14 (2004): (Anoectochilus × 

Goodyera × Ludisia) 

Govenia greenwoodii Dressler & Soto Arenas in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 589 (2002 publ. 2003)–Guatemala, 

Honduras, Chiapas, Guerrero, Michoacán, Oaxaca 

Govenia matudae E.W.Greenw. & Soto Arenas in Icon. 


Chiapas 

×Guariburgkia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Guarianthe × Schomburgkia) 

×Guaricattonia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Broughtonia × Cattleya × 

Guarianthe) 

×Guaricyclia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Guarianthe × Encyclia) 

×Guaridendrum J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Guarianthe × Epidendrum) 

×Guarisophleya J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Cattleya × Guarianthe × 

Sophronitis) 

×Guaritonia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Broughtonia × Guarianthe) 

×Guarlaeliopsis J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Guarianthe × Laeliopsis) 

×Guarthron J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Caularthron × Guarianthe) 

Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br. [beta]. serotina 

Schönh. in Taschenb. Fl. Thüringen 432 (1850) 

Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br. subsp. serotina 

(Schönh.) Dworschak in Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins 

Wuppertal 55: 39 (2002): Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) 

R.Br. [beta]. serotina 

Gymnadenia graminea Dworschak in Jahresber. 

Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 55: 42 (2002)–Germany 

Gymnadenia rhellicani (Teppner & E.Klein) Teppner 

& E.Klein var. robusta P.Delforge in Naturalistes 

Belges 84 (Orchid. 16): 127 (132; fig.) (15 Dec. 2003)– 

France 

Gymnadenia splendida Dworschak in Jahresber. 


Gymnadenia splendida Dworschak subsp. odorata 

Dworschak in Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 

55: 37 (2002)–Germany 

Gymnadenia vernalis Dworschak in Jahresber. 


Habenaria subgen. Plantaginea Kraenzl. in Bot. Jahrb. 

Syst. 16: 56, 194. 1893 

Habenaria pabstii J.A.N.Bat. & Bianch. in Novon 

13(4): 397 (5 Dec. 2003)–Goiás, Brasília Distrito 

Federal 

Hemipiliopsis Y.B.Luo & S.C.Chen in Novon 13(4): 

450 (5 Dec. 2003) 

Hemipiliopsis purpureopunctata (K.Y.Lang) Y.B.Luo 

& S.C.Chen in Novon 13(4): 450 (5 Dec. 2003): 

Habenaria purpureopunctata 

×Hirayamaara S.Hiray. & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl.,112(1255): 14 (2004): (Ascocentrum × 

Neofinetia × Paraphalaenopsis × Rhynchostylis × 

Vanda) 

Hoffmannseggella ×cristinae F.E.L.Miranda & 

K.G.Lacerda in Orchids (USA) 72(11): 853 (2003): 

(Hoffmannseggella rupestris × Hoffmannseggella 

briegeri)–Minas Gerais 

Hoffmannseggella × feldmanniana F.E.L.Miranda & 


(Hoffmannseggella pabstii × Hoffmannseggella 

endsfeldzii)–Minas Gerais 

Hoffmannseggella flavasulina F.E.L.Miranda & 

K.G.Lacerda in Orchids (USA) 72(11): 850 (2003)– 

Minas Gerais 

Hoffmannseggella pabstii F.E.L.Miranda & 

K.G.Lacerda in Orchids (USA) 72(11): 851 (2003)– 

Minas Gerais 

Hoffmannseggella pendula Mota, P.L.Viana &

K.G.Lacerda in Richardiana 4(1): 1 (2003)–Minas 

Gerais 

Hoffmannseggella ×raganii F.E.L.Miranda & 


Hoffmannseggella bradei × Hoffmannseggella 

rupestris)–Minas Gerais 

×Holcenda J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Ascocentrum × Holcoglossum × 

Vanda) 

×Holcodirea J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Holcoglossum × Sedirea) 

Holcoglossum subgen. Brachycentron X.H.Jin & 

S.C.Chen in Syst. Gen. Holcoglossum 80 (July 2003) 

Holcoglossum sect. Sorotylos X.H.Jin & S.C.Chen in 

Syst. Gen. Holcoglossum 91 (July 2003) 

Holcoglossum omeiense X.H.Jin & S.C.Chen in Syst. 

Gen. Holcoglossum 88 (July 2003)–Sichuan 

Holcoglossum weixiense X.H.Jin & S.C.Chen in Syst. 

Gen. Holcoglossum 94 (July 2003)–Yunnan 

×Holcopsis J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Holcoglossum × Vandopsis) 

×Hygranda J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Hygrochilus × Vanda) 

×Hygrocenda J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Ascocentrum × Hygrochilus × 

Vanda) 

×Hygrodirea J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Hygrochilus × Sedirea) 

×Jeaneara G.Monnier & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 112(1255): 14 (2004): (Aganisia × Warrea × 

Zygopetalum) 

×Johnara J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Cochleanthes × Pabstia × 


×Keferella E.E.Michel, Glic. & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid 

Rev. Suppl., 111(1254): 95 (2003): (Chaubardiella × 

Kefersteinia) 

Kefersteinia alata Pupulin in Harvard Pap. Bot. 

8(2):161 (-164; figs. 1-2A-B). (2004) [Mar]–Panama 

Kefersteinia angustifolia Pupulin & Dressler in 

Harvard Pap. Bot. 8(2):164 (-166; fig. 3). (2004) 

[Mar]–Panama 

Kefersteinia tinschertiana Pupulin in Harvard Pap. 

Bot. 8(2):166 (168-169; fig. 5). (2004) [Mar]– 

Guatemala 

Kraenzlinella erinacea (Rchb.f.) Solano in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: xi (2002 publ. 2003): Pleurothallis 

erinacea 

Kraenzlinella hintonii (L.O.Williams) Solano in Icon. 


hintonii 

Kusibabella Szlach. in Richardiana 4(2): 58 (2004) 

[Apr] 

Kusibabella bractescens (Lindl.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 59 (2004) [Apr]: Habenaria 

bractescens 

Kusibabella burkartiana (Hoehne) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 59 (2004) [Apr] 

Kusibabella cryptophila (Barb.Rodr.) Szlach. in 


Kusibabella fastor (Warm. ex Hoehne) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 59 (2004)[Apr] 

Kusibabella gourlieana (Gillies ex Lindl.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 59 (2004) [Apr]: Habenaria 

gourlieana 

Kusibabella longicauda (Hook.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 61 (2004) [Apr] 

Kusibabella macronectar (Vell.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 61 (2004) [Apr]: Orchis 

macronectar 

Kusibabella sartor (Lindl.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 61 (2004) [Apr]: Habenaria sartor 

×Laelianthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Guarianthe × Laelia) 

×Laelirhynchos J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Laelia × Rhyncholaelia) 

Lepanthes anisoloba Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 4 

(2003)–Dominican Republic, Caribbean, Southern 

America 

Lepanthes apiculata Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 5 

(2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes austinae Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 6 

(2003)–Haiti

13 

Lepanthes boomerang Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 

6 (2003)–Dominican Republic 

Lepanthes braccata Luer & Dod in Selbyana 24(1): 10 

(2003)–Dominican Republic 

Lepanthes casasae Pupulin in Orchidee (Hamburg) 

54(4): 472 (2003)–Costa Rica 

Lepanthes decussata Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 

10 (2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes dondodii Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 13 (2003)– 

Dominican Republic 

Lepanthes excavata Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 13 

(2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes incurva Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 16 


Lepanthes longiloba Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 16 

(2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes magnipetala Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 

19 (2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes maldonadoae Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 

5-6: t. 602 (2002 publ. 2003)–Chiapas 

Lepanthes mazatlanensis Solano & Reynaud in Icon. 


Lepanthes microdonta Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 

19 (2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes miniflora Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 22 


Lepanthes politilabia Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 

22 (2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes pteroglossa Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 24(1): 

25 (2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes schugii Pupulin in Orchidee (Hamburg) 

54(4): 474 (2003)–Costa Rica 

Lepanthes semperflorens Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 

24(1): 25 (2003)–Haiti 

Lepanthes truncatipetala Dod ex Luer in Selbyana 

24(1): 26 (2003)–Caribbean 

×Leptoguarianthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Guarianthe × Leptotes) 

Leptotes pohlitinocoi V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(2): 78 (-81; figs. 2-3; photogrs.) (2004)– 

Bahia 

Liparis chungthangensis Lucksom in Orchid Rev. 

112(1255): 14 (2004)–Sikkim, East Himalaya 

Liparis madrensis Soto Arenas, Salazar & R.Jiménez in 

Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 608 (2002 publ. 2003)–Durango, 

Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Chihuahua 

Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. subsp. granitica 

Carnevali & I.Ramírez in Novon 13(4): 411 (5 Dec. 

2003)–Venezuela 

Malaxis brevis Dressler in Selbyana 24(2): 141 (31 

Dec. 2003)–Panama 

Malaxis insperata Dressler in Selbyana 24(2): 142 (31 

Dec. 2003)–Nicaragua 

Malaxis rostratula Dressler in Selbyana 24(2): 142 (31 

Dec. 2003)–Panama 

Malaxis triangularis Dressler in Selbyana 24(2): 143 

(31 Dec. 2003)–Guatemala, Veracruz, Honduras, El 

Salvador, Chiapas 

Masdevallia acaroi Luer & Hirtz in Monogr. Syst. Bot. 

Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 789a (2003)–Ecuador 

Masdevallia ametroglossa Luer & Hirtz in Monogr. 

Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 29a (2003)–Ecuador 

Masdevallia anomala Luer & Sijm in Monogr. Syst. 

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 227a (2003)–Peru 

Masdevallia eburnea Luer & Maduro in Monogr. Syst. 

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 409a (2003)–Panama 

Masdevallia gloriae Luer & Maduro in Monogr. Syst. 

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 413a (2003)–Panama 

Masdevallia loui Luer & Dalström in Monogr. Syst. 

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 113a (2003)–Ecuador 

Masdevallia milagroi Luer & Hirtz in Monogr. Syst. 

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 1227 (2003)–Ecuador 

Masdevallia plynophora Luer in Monogr. Syst. Bot. 

Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 149a (2003)–Peru 

Masdevallia rolandorum Luer & Sijm in Monogr. Syst. 

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 165a (2003)–Peru 

Masdevallia segrex Luer & Hirtz in Monogr. Syst. Bot. 

Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 1169 (2003)–Ecuador 

Masdevallia stigii Luer & L.Jost in Monogr. Syst. Bot. 

Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 895a (2003)–Ecuador

×Mauriceara J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 95 (2003): (Aganisia × Batemannia × 

Otostylis × Pabstia × Promenaea × Zygopetalum × 

Zygosepalum) 

Maxillaria atwoodiana Pupulin in Orchidee (Hamburg) 

54(5): 563 (-566; figs. 16-17) (18 Dec. 2003)–Costa 

Rica 

Maxillaria cachacoensis J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 

24(1): 30 (2003)–Ecuador 

Maxillaria canarensis J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 24(1): 

31 (2003)–Ecuador 

Maxillaria condorensis J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 24(1): 

32 (2003)–Ecuador 

Maxillaria maldonadoensis J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 

24(1): 33 (2003)–Ecuador, Colombia 

Maxillaria mexicana J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 24(1): 35 

(2003). Colima, México State, Michoacán, Guerrero, 

Nayarit, Oaxaca 

Maxillaria milenae V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(2): 74 (73-77; fig. 1; map; photogr.) 

(2004) [Apr]–Espirito Santo 

Maxillaria oxapampensis J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 

24(1): 36 (2003)–Peru 

Maxillaria patella J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 24(1): 37 

(2003)–Peru 

Maxillaria pseudonubigena J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 

24(1): 39 (2003)–Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador 

Maxillaria pustulosa J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 24(1): 41 

(2003)–Ecuador 

Maxillaria sculliana J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 24(1): 1 

(2003)–Colombia 

Maxillaria simplex J.T.Atwood in Selbyana 24(1): 43 

(2003)–Peru 

×Mendelara Jusczak & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 112(1255): 14 (2004): (Ascocentrum × 

Holcoglossum × Neofinetia × Rhynchostylis × Vanda) 

×Myoxastrepia Glic. & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 111(1254): 96 (2003): (Myoxanthus × 

Restrepia) 

×Neofadanda J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

112(1255): 14 (2004): (Neofinetia × Seidenfadenia × 

Vanda) 

Ochyrorchis Szlach. in Richardiana 4(2): 52 

(2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis arietina (Hook.f.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 53 (2004)[Apr]: Habenaria arietina 

Ochyrorchis cavatibrachia (Summerh.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis davidii (Franchet) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 53 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis egregia (Summerh.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis ensifolia (Lindl.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 53 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis gilbertii (S.Thomas & P.J.Cribb) Szlach. 

in Richardiana 4(2): 53 (2004) [Apr]: Habenaria 

gilbertii S.Thomas & P.J.Cribb 

Ochyrorchis godefroyi (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 53 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis intermedia (D.Don) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis keniensis (Summerh.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis limprichtii (Schltr.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis macrantha (A.Rich.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis mairei (Schltr.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 55 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis mannii (Hook.f.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 55 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis multipartita (Blume ex Kraenzl.) Szlach. 

in Richardiana 4(2): 55 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis occlusa (Summerh.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis oligoschista (Schltr.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis pectinata (D.Don) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 55 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis praestans (Rendle) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 55 (2004)[Apr]

15 

Ochyrorchis praestans (Rendle) Szlach. var. umbrosa 

(G.Will.) Szlach. in Richardiana 4(2): 55 (2004)[Apr] 

Ochyrorchis quartiniana (A.Rich.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis splendens (Rendle) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 56 (2004) [Apr] 

Ochyrorchis splendentior (Summerh.) Szlach. in 


Ochyrorchis tosariensis (J.J.Sm.) Szlach. in 


Octarrhena angustifolia (Schltr.) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 511 (2003): Chitonanthera angustifolia 

Octarrhena angustissima (Schltr.) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 511 (2003): Chitonanthera angustissima 

Octarrhena aporoides (Schltr.) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 512 (2003): Chitonanthera aporoides 

Octarrhena brassii (L.O.Williams) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 512 (2003): Chitonanthera brassii 

Octarrhena falcifolia (Schltr.) Schuit. in Blumea 48(3): 

512 (2003): Chitonanthera falcifolia 

Octarrhena gracilis (L.O.Williams) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 512 (2003): Chitonanthera gracilis 

Octarrhena latipetala (J.J.Sm.) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 512 (2003): Chitonanthera latipetala 

Octarrhena podochiloides (Schltr.) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 512 (2003): Chitonanthera podochiloides 

Octarrhena reflexa (J.J.Sm.) Schuit. in Blumea 48(3): 

512 (2003): Chitonanthera reflexa 

Octarrhena spathulata (Schltr.) Schuit. in Blumea 

48(3): 512 (2003): Chitonanthera spathulata 

Odontochilus saprophyticus (Aver.) Ormerod in 

Taiwania 48(3): 141 (2003): Pristiglottis saprophytica 

Oncidium leucomelas (Rchb.f.) Dressler & 


Odontoglossum leucomelas 

×Oncostele J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Oncidium × Rhynchostele) 

Ophrys brutia P.Delforge in Naturalistes Belges 84 

(Orchid. 16): 74 (-75; figs.) (15 Dec. 2003)–Italy 

Ophrys ×capellae-pacis G.Kretzschmar & 

H.Kretzschmar in Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 

20(1): 70 (2003): (Ophrys spruneri subsp. grigoriana × 

Ophrys iricolor)–Kriti 

Ophrys holosericea (Burm.f.) Greuter subsp. 

grandiflora (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Faurh. in J. Eur. 

Orchideen 35(4): 745 (2003): Ophrys bornmuelleri 

Schulze f. grandiflora 

Ophrys incubacea Bianca ex Tod. var. dianensis 

Perazza & Doro in J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 726 

(2003)–Italy 

Ophrys integra (Moggr. & Rchb.f.) Paulus & Gack in 

Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 79 (1990) Ophrys insectifera L. 

subsp. integra 

Ophrys janrenzii M.Hirth in Jahresber. Naturwiss. 

Vereins Wuppertal 55: 171 (2002)–Greece 

Ophrys kvarneri Perko & Kerschb. in Ber. Arbeitskreis. 

Heimische Orchid. 20(1): 46 (2003)–Croatia 

Ophrys lucis (Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard) Paulus & 

Gack in Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 78 (1990): Ophrys 

aegaea Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard subsp. lucis 

Ophrys lusitanica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Paulus & 

Gack in Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 77 (1990): Ophrys 

speculum Link subsp. lusitanica 

Ophrys lutea Cav. subsp. aspea (Devillers-Tersch. & 

Devillers) Faurh. in Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische 

Orchid. 20(1): 83 (2003): Ophrys aspea 

Ophrys ×marinaltae M.R.Lowe, Piera & M.B.Crespo 

in Flora Montiberica 24: 100 (2003): (Ophrys dianica 

× Ophrys speculum)–Spain 

Ophrys melena (Renz) Paulus & Gack in Israel J. Bot. 

39(1-2): 79 (1990), nom. inval. basionym published as 

O. lutea (×fusca) ssp. melena Renz in Feddes Repert. 

Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 264 (1928) 

Ophrys parvimaculata (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) 

Paulus & Gack in Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 78 (1990): 

Ophrys fuciflora (F.W.Schmidt) Moench subsp. 

parvimaculata O.Danesch & E.Danesch 

Ophrys ×sulcitana Scrugli, Todde & Cogoni in J. Eur. 

Orchideen 35(3): 672 (2003): (Ophrys annae × Ophrys 

bombyliflora)–Sardegna 

Ophrys umbilicata Desf. subsp. flavomarginata (Renz) 

Faurh. in J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 745 (2003): Ophrys 

attica f. flavomarginata

Ophrys umbilicata Desf. subsp. lapethica (Gölz & 

H.R.Reinhard) Faurh. in J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 745 

(2003): Ophrys lapethica 

Ophrys zeusii M.Hirth in Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins 

Wuppertal 55: 180 (2002)–Greece 

Orchis ×sciathia Biel in Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische 

Orchid. 20(1): 73-74 (2003): (Orchis morio × Orchis 

boryi)–Greece 

Paphiopedilum callosum (Rchb.f.) Stein var. viniferum 

(Koop. & N.Haseg.) J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 112(1255): 16 (2004): Paphiopedilum viniferum 

Paphiopedilum crossii (E.Morren) Braem & Senghas f. 

viniferum (Koop. & N.Haseg.) Braem & Chiron in 

Paphiopedilum 261 (2003): Paphiopedilum viniferum 

Paphiopedilum crossii (E.Morren) Braem & Senghas f. 

viridiflorum (Linden) Braem & Chiron in 

Paphiopedilum 262 (2003): Cypripedium callosum 

Rchb.f. var. viridiflorum 

Paphiopedilum esquirolei Schltr. var. chiwuanum 

(Tang & F.T.Wang) Braem & Chiron in Paphiopedilum 

181 (2003): Paphiopedilum chiwuanum 

Paphiopedilum esquirolei Schltr. f. viride (O.Gruss & 

Roeth) Braem & Chiron in Paphiopedilum 180 (2003): 

Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindl. ex Hook.) Stein f. 

viride 

Paphiopedilum godefroyae (God.-Leb.) Stein f. 

leucochilum (Rolfe) Braem & Chiron in Paphiopedilum 

104 (2003): Cypripedium godefroyae God.-Leb. var. 

leucochilum 

Paphiopedilum kolopakingii Fowlie f. topperi (Braem 

& H.Mohr) Braem & Chiron in Paphiopedilum 346 

(2003): Paphiopedilum topperi 

Paphiopedilum moquetteanum (J.J.Sm.) Fowlie f. 

flavoviride (Braem) Braem & Chiron in Paphiopedilum 

419 (2003): Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum J.J.Sm. f. 

flavoviride 

Paphiopedilum roebbelenii Pfitzer f. alboflavum 

(O.Gruss) Braem & Chiron in Paphiopedilum 354 

(2003): Paphiopedilum philippinense (Rchb.f.) Stein f. 

alboflavum 

Pecteilis hawkesiana (King & Pantl.) C.S.Kumar in 

Nord. J. Bot. 22(6):526 (2002) [2003]: Habenaria 

hawkesiana 

Peristylus garrettii (Rolfe ex Downie) J.J.Wood & 

Ormerod in Taiwania 48(3): 141 (2003): Habenaria 

garrettii 

Phreatia vanuatensis T.Yukawa in Acta Phytotax. 

Geobot. 54(2): 105 (2003)–Vanuatu 

Plantaginorchis Szlach. in Richardiana 4(2): 61 (2004) 

[Apr] 

Plantaginorchis alinae (Szlach.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis cephalote (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis chloroleuca Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(2): 64 (2004) [Apr]: Habenaria chloroleuca Schltr. in 

K.Schum. & Lauterb. 

Plantaginorchis dentata (Sw.) Szlach in Richardiana 

4(2): 64 (2004) [Apr]: Orchis dentata Sw. 

Plantaginorchis dianthoides (Nevski) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis elliptica (Wight) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis engleriana (Kraenzl.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis finetiana (Schltr.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis longifolia (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis parva (Summerh.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis parvipetala (J.J.Sm.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis plantaginea (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


Plantaginorchis prionocraspedon (Summerh.) Szlach. 

in Richardiana 4(2): 65 (2004) [Apr] 

Plantaginorchis radiata (Thunb.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(2): 65 (2004) [Apr]: Orchis radiata 

Plantaginorchis rhynchocarpa (Thwaites) Szlach. in 


Platanthera montana (F.W.Schmidt) Rchb.f. subsp. 

holmboei (H.Lindb.) Ströhle in J. Eur. Orchideen 

35(4): 834 (2003): Platanthera holmboei 

Platantheroides Szlach. Richardiana 4(3): 103 (2004) 

[8 Jun]

17 

Platantheroides alata (Hook.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(3): 104 (2004) [8 Jun]: Habenaria alata 

Platantheroides brevilabiata (A.Rich. & Galeotti) 

Szlach. in Richardiana 4(3): 104 (2004) [8 Jun]: 

Habenaria brevilabiata 

Platantheroides clavigera (Lindl.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(3): 104 (2004) [8 Jun]: Platanthera 

clavigera 

Platantheroides cumminsiana (King & Pant.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(3): 106 (2004) [8 Jun]: Habenaria 

cumminsiana 

Platantheroides curvilabra (Barb.Rodr.) Szlach. in 


curvilabra 

Platantheroides densa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(3): 106 (2004) [8 Jun]: Habenaria densa 

Platantheroides dentifera (C.Schweinf.) Szlach. in 


dentifera 

Platantheroides edgeworthii (Hook.f. ex Collett) 


Habenaria edgeworthii 

Platantheroides epipactidea (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in 


epipactidea 

Platantheroides eustachya (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in 


eustachya 

Platantheroides floribunda (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


floribunda 

Platantheroides hamata (Barb.Rodr.) Szlach. in 


hamata 

Platantheroides heleogena (Schltr.) Szlach. in 


heleogena 

Platantheroides herzogii (Schltr.) Szlach. in 


herzogii 

Platantheroides hologlossa (Summerh.) Szlach. in 


hologlossa 

Platantheroides latilabris (Lindl.) Szlach. in 

Richardiana 4(3): 107 (2004) [8 Jun]: Platanthera 

latilabris 

Platantheroides ligulata (C.Schweinf.) Szlach. in 


ligulata 

Platantheroides liguliglossa (Hoehne) Szlach. in 


liguliglossa 

Platantheroides linioides (C.Presl) Szlach. in 


linifolia 

Platantheroides lucida (Wall. ex Lindl.) Szlach. in 


lucida 

Platantheroides magdalenensis (Hoehne) Szlach. in 


magdalenensis 

Platantheroides obtusa (Lindl.) Szlach. in Richardiana 

4(3): 107 (2004) [8 Jun]: Habenaria obtusa 

Platantheroides odontopetala (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in 


odontopetala 

Platantheroides oerstedii (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in 


oerstedii 

Platantheroides ornithoides (Barb.Rodr.) Szlach. in 


ornithoides 

Platantheroides parvidens (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


parvidens 

Platantheroides petalodes (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


petalodes 

Platantheroides quadrata (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


quadrata 

Platantheroides saprophytica (Bosser & P.J.Cribb) 


Habenaria saprophytica 

Platantheroides seticauda (Lindl. ex Benth.) Szlach. in 


seticauda

Platantheroides stenochila (Lindl.) Szlach. in 


stenochila 

Platantheroides strictissima (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in 


strictissima 

Platantheroides unellezii (Foldats) Szlach. in 


unellezii 

Platantheroides zambesina (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in 


zambesina 

Pleurothallis aguirrei Luer & R.Escobar in 

Orquideologia 22(3): 255 (2003)–Colombia 

Pleurothallis calogramma Luer in Orquideologia 

22(3): 256 (2003)–Colombia 

Pleurothallis conformalis Luer & Dalström in 

Orquideologia 22(3): 259 (2003)–Ecuador 

Pleurothallis dubbeldamii Luer in Orquideologia 

22(3): 260 (2003) 

Pleurothallis embreei Luer & Hirtz in Orquideologia 

22(3): 263 (2003)–Ecuador 

Pleurothallis escalerensis Carnevali & Luer in Novon 

13(4): 414 (5 Dec. 2003)–Venezuela 

Pleurothallis lilianae Luer in Orquideologia 22(3): 264 


Pleurothallis loreae Carnevali & I.Ramírez in Novon 

13(4): 412 (5 Dec. 2003)–Venezuela 

Pleurothallis nanella Luer & Hirtz in Orquideologia 

22(3): 267 (2003)–Ecuador 

Pleurothallis persimilis Luer & Hirtz in Orquideologia 

22(3): 268 (2003)–Ecuador 

Pleurothallis quadricristata Luer & Hirtz in 


Pleurothallis sergioi Luer & R.Escobar in 

Orquideologia 22(3): 272 (2003)–Colombia 

Pleurothallis stellata I.Ramírez & Carnevali in Novon 

13(4): 417 (5 Dec. 2003)–Venezuela 

Pleurothallis upanoensis Luer & Hirtz in 


Pleurothallis zumbae Luer & Hirtz in Orquideologia 

22(3): 276 (2003)–Ecuador 

×Plumatistylis J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Pterostylis × Plumatichilos) 

Podochilus banaensis Ormerod in Taiwania 48(3): 142 

(2003). Vietnam 

Podochilus oxystophylloides Ormerod in Taiwania 

48(3): 143 (2003)–Guangdong 

Polycycnis grayi Dodson in Orquideologia 22(3): 200 


Polystachya clareae Hermans in Orchid Rev. 

111(1254): 354 (2003)–Madagascar 

Polystachya mcvaughiana Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 

5-6: t. 642 (2002 publ. 2003)–Jalisco, Guerrero, 

Nayarit, Oaxaca 

Polystachya montiquetiana Stévart & Geerinck in Syst. 

Geogr. Pl. 73(2): 281 (2003)–São Tomé, Gabon, 

Equatorial Guinea 

Prasophyllum hygrophilum D.L.Jones & D.T.Rouse in 

Orchadian 14(6): 282 (-285; fig. 1) (Dec. 2003)– 

Victoria, Australia 

Prosthechea subgen. Equiloba Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(1): 29 (2003) 

Prosthechea subgen. Hormidium (Lindl.) Chiron & 

V.P.Castro in Richardiana 4(1): 29 (2003): 

Epidendrum subgen. Hormidium 

Prosthechea sect. Longiloba Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(1): 30 (2003) 

Prosthechea subgen. Osmophytum (Lindl.) Chiron & 

V.P.Castro in Richardiana 4(1): 28 (2003): 

Epidendrum subgen. Osmophytum 

Prosthechea sect. Parviloba Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(1): 31 (2003) 

Prosthechea sect. Rotundiloba Chiron & V.P.Castro in 

Richardiana 4(1): 31 (2003) 

Prosthechea latro (Rchb.f. ex Cogn.) V.P.Castro & 

Chiron in Richardiana 4(1): 28 (2003): Epidendrum 

latro 

Prosthechea mulasii Soto Arenas & L.Cerv. in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 651 (2002 publ. 2003)–Jalisco, Guerrero 

Prosthechea punctulata (Rchb.f.) Soto Arenas &

19 

Salazar in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 652 (2002 publ. 2003): 

Epidendrum punctulatum 

Pseudencyclia Chiron & V.P.Castro in Richardiana 

4(1): 31 (2003) 

Pseudencyclia boothiana (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & Chiron 

in Richardiana 4(1): 32 (2003): Epidendrum 

boothianum 

Pseudencyclia brassavolae (Rchb.f.) V.P.Castro & 


brassavolae 

Pseudencyclia campylostalix (Rchb.f.) V.P.Castro & 


campylostalix 

Pseudencyclia concolor (La Llave & Lex.) V.P.Castro 

& Chiron in Richardiana 4(1): 32 (2003): Epidendrum 

concolor 

Pseudencyclia cretacea (Dressler & G.E.Pollard) 

V.P.Castro & Chiron in Richardiana 4(1): 32 (2003): 

Encyclia cretacea 

Pseudencyclia ghiesbreghtiana (A.Rich. & Galeotti) 


Epidendrum ghiesbreghtianum 

Pseudencyclia hastata (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(1): 32 (2003): Epidendrum hastatum 

Pseudencyclia ionocentrum (Rchb.f.) V.P.Castro & 


ionocentrum 

Pseudencyclia linkiana (Klotzsch) V.P.Castro & 


linkianum 

Pseudencyclia livida (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(1): 33 (2003): Epidendrum lividum 

Pseudencyclia magnispatha (Ames, F.T.Hubb. & 

C.Schweinf.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in Richardiana 

4(1): 33 (2003): Epidendrum magnispatha 

Pseudencyclia michuacana (La Llave & Lex.) Chiron 

& V.P.Castro in Richardiana 4(1): 32 (2003): 

Epidendrum michuacanum 

Pseudencyclia mulasii (Soto Arenas & L.Cerv.) 


Prosthechea mulasii 

Pseudencyclia neglecta (Pupulin) V.P.Castro & Chiron 

in Richardiana 4(1): 33 (2003): Prosthechea neglecta 

Pseudencyclia pringlei (Rolfe) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(1): 33 (2003): Epidendrum pringlei 

Pseudencyclia prismatocarpa (Rchb.f.) V.P.Castro & 


prismatocarpum 

Pseudencyclia pterocarpa (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & 


pterocarpum 

Pseudencyclia punctulata (Rchb.f.) V.P.Castro & 


punctulatum 

Pseudencyclia semiaperta (Hágsater) V.P.Castro & 

Chiron in Richardiana 4(1): 33 (2003): Encyclia 

semiaperta 

Pseudencyclia tardiflora (Mora-Ret. ex Pupulin) 


Prosthechea tardiflora 

Pseudencyclia tripunctata (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & 


tripunctatum 

Pseudencyclia varicosa (Bateman) V.P.Castro & 


varicosum 

Pseudencyclia venosa (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(1): 33 (2003): Epidendrum venosum 

Pseudencyclia vitellina (Lindl.) V.P.Castro & Chiron in 

Richardiana 4(1): 33 (2003): Epidendrum vitellinum 

Pseudoliparis hippocrepiformis (J.J.Wood) Marg. in 

Ann. Bot. Fenn. 40(5): 362 (2003): Malaxis 

hippocrepiformis 

×Pteroplodium J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Diplodium × Pterostylis) 

Renanthera breviflora (Rchb.f.) R.Rice & J.J.Wood in 

Orchid Rev. 111(1254): 349 (2003): Renanthera 

matutina (Blume) Lindl. var. breviflora 

Renanthera chanii J.J.Wood & R.Rice in Orchid Rev. 

111(1254): 346 (2003)–Sabah 

Renantherella auyongii (Christenson) R.Rice in Orchid 

Rev. 111(1254): 351 (2003): Renanthera auyongii 

×Rhynarthron J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Caularthron × Rhyncholaelia) 

×Rhynburgkia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Rhyncholaelia × Schomburgkia)

×Rhyncanthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Guarianthe × Rhyncholaelia) 

×Rhynchodendrum J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Epidendrum × Rhyncholaelia) 

×Rhynchofadanda J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

112(1255): 14 (2004): (Rhynchostylis × Seidenfadenia 

× Vanda) 

Rhynchostele beloglossa (Rchb.f.) Dressler & 

N.H.Williams in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 654 (2002 publ. 

2003): Odontoglossum beloglossum 

×Rhyncyclia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Encyclia × Rhyncholaelia) 

×Rhynitanthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Guarianthe × Rhyncholaelia) 

×Rhynitis J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Rhyncholaelia × Sophronitis) 

Rossioglossum hagsaterianum Soto Arenas in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 661 (2002 publ. 2003)–Nayarit, Jalisco 

Sarcoglottis Richardiana (Schltr.) Salazar & Soto 

Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 664 (2002 publ. 2003): 

Spiranthes Richardiana 

Sarcoglottis scintillans (E.W.Greenw.) Salazar & Soto 

Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 665 (2002 publ. 2003): 

Pelexia scintillans 

Schluckebieria Braem in Richardiana 4(2): 49 (2004) 

[Apr] 

Schluckebieria araguaiensis (Pabst) Braem in 

Richardiana 4(2): 49 (2004) [Apr]: Cattleya 

araguaiensis 

Senghasia Szlach. in J. Orchideenfreund 10(4): 335 

(2003)–Kefersteinia sect. Umbonatae Senghas & 

G.Gerlach 

Senghasia auriculata (Dressler) Szlach. in J. 

Orchideenfreund 10(4): 336 (2003): Kefersteinia 

auriculata 

Senghasia chocoensis (G.Gerlach & Senghas) Szlach. 

in J. Orchideenfreund 10(4): 336 (2003): Kefersteinia 

chocoensis 

Senghasia costaricensis (Schltr.) Szlach. in J. 


costaricensis 

Senghasia guacamayoana (Dodson & Hirtz) Szlach. in 

J. Orchideenfreund 10(4): 336 (2003): Kefersteinia 

guacamayoana 

Senghasia maculosa (Dressler) Szlach. in J. 


maculosa 

Senghasia ocellata (Garay) Szlach. in J. 


ocellata 

Senghasia parvilabris (Schltr.) Szlach. in J. 


parvilabris 

Senghasia perlonga (Dressler) Szlach. in J. 


perlonga 

Senghasia retanae (G.Gerlach) Szlach. in J. 


retanae 

Senghasia trullata (Dressler) Szlach. in J. 


trullata 

Senghasia vollesii (Jenny) Szlach. in J. 


vollesii 

Senghasia wercklei (Schltr.) Szlach. in J. 


wercklei 

Sigmatostalix cardioglossa Pupulin in Harvard Pap. 

Bot. 8(1): 38 (2003)–Costa Rica 

Sigmatostalix integrilabris Pupulin in Harvard Pap. 

Bot. 8(1): 45 (2003)–Costa Rica, Panama 

Sigmatostalix savegrensis Pupulin in Harvard Pap. Bot. 

8(1): 55 (2003)–Costa Rica 

Sobralia macdougallii Soto Arenas, Pérez-García & 

Salazar in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 668 (2002 publ. 2003)– 

Oaxaca, Chiapas, Guatemala 

×Sophranthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Guarianthe × Sophronitis) 

Specklinia alata (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Solano & Soto 


Pleurothallis alata 

Specklinia blancoi (Pupulin) Soto Arenas & Solano in 

Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 669 (2002 publ. 2003): 

Pleurothallis blancoi 

Specklinia echinata (L.O.Williams) Soto Arenas &

21 

Solano in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 670 (2002 publ. 2003): 

Pleurothallis fuegii Rchb.f. var. echinata 

Specklinia fimbriata (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Solano in 


Masdevallia fimbriata 

Specklinia fuegii (Rchb.f.) Solano & Soto Arenas in 


fuegii 

Specklinia pisinna (Luer) Solano & Soto Arenas in 

Icon. Orchid. 5-6: xi (2002 publ. 2003): Pleurothallis 

pisinna 

Specklinia segregatifolia (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Solano 

& Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: xi (2002 publ. 

2003): Pleurothallis segregatifolia 

Sphyrastylis bonitensis Dodson in Orquideologia 22(3): 

205 (2003)–Ecuador 

×Staffordara G.Monnier & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 112(1255): 14 (2004): (Aganisia × Galeottia × 

Zygosepalum) 

Stanhopea whittenii Soto Arenas, Salazar & G.Gerlach 

in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 679 (2002 publ. 2003)–Belize, 

Guatemala, Chiapas 

Stelis aristocratica (L.O.Williams) Solano & Soto 

Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: xi (2002 publ. 2003): 

Pleurothallis aristocratica 

Stelis emarginata (Lindl.) Soto Arenas & Solano in 


Pleurothallis emarginata 

Stelis greenwoodii Soto Arenas & Solano in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 682 (2002 publ. 2003)–Michoacán, 

Jalisco, Guatemala, Sinaloa, Chiapas, Colima, Oaxaca, 

Nayarit, Guerrero 

Stelis megachlamys (Schltr.) Pupulin subsp. 

teotepecensis Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 685 

(2002 publ. 2003)–Guerrero 

Stelis nicaraguensis (Liebm.) Solano & Soto Arenas in 

Icon. Orchid. 5-6: xi (2002 publ. 2003): Physosiphon 

nicaraguensis 

Stelis nonresupinata Solano & Soto Arenas in Icon. 

Orchid. 5-6: t. 688 (2002 publ. 2003)–Guerrero, 

Oaxaca 

Stelis punctulata (Rchb.f.) Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 

5-6: t. 690 (2002 publ. 2003): Physosiphon punctulatus 

Stelis quadrifida (La Llave & Lex.) Solano & Soto 

Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: xi (2002 publ. 2003): 

Dendrobium quadrifidum 

Stelis tacanensis Solano & Soto Arenas in Icon. 


Chiapas, Mexico 

Stelis xerophila (Schltr.) Soto Arenas in Icon. Orchid. 

5-6: t. 695 (2002 publ. 2003): Pleurothallis xerophila 

Stellilabium anacristinae Pupulin in Harvard Pap. Bot. 

8(1): 30 (2003)–Costa Rica 

Stellilabium tsipiriense Pupulin in Harvard Pap. Bot. 

8(1): 30 (2003)–Costa Rica 

×Stellipogon J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Telipogon × Stellilabium) 

×Stenopogon Glic. & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 111(1254): 96 (2003): (Cyclopogon × 

Stenorrhynchos) 

×Stephenmonkhouseara Monkhouse & J.M.H.Shaw in 

Orchid Rev. Suppl., 111(1254): 96 (2003): (Aganisia × 

Batemannia × Otostylis × Pabstia × Zygopetalum × 

Zygosepalum) 

×Telidezia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Fernandezia × Telipogon) 

Telipogon cuscoensis Nauray & Christenson in Orchids 

(USA) 72(9): 696 (2003)–Peru 

Telipogon machupicchuensis Nauray & Christenson in 

Orchids (USA) 72(9): 697 (2003)–Peru 

×Telisterella J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Hofmeisterella × Telipogon) 

×Tetrallia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Dockrillia × Tetrabaculum) 

×Thelybaculum J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Tetrabaculum × Thelychiton) 

×Thelyrillia J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Dockrillia × Thelychiton) 

Trichocentrum andreanum (Cogn.) R.Jiménez & 

Carnevali in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: t. 697 (2002 publ. 

2003): Oncidium carthaginense var. andreanum 

Trichocentrum andrewsiae (R.Jiménez & Carnevali) 

R.Jiménez & Carnevali in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: ix (2002 

publ. 2003): Lophiaris andrewsiae 

Trichocentrum chrysops (Rchb.f.) Soto Arenas &

R.Jiménez in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: ix (2002 publ. 2003): 

Oncidium chrysops 

Trichocentrum cosymbephorum (C.Morren) R.Jiménez 

& Carnevali in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: ix (2002 publ. 2003): 

Oncidium cosymbephorum 

Trichocentrum nudum (Bateman ex Lindl.) M.W.Chase 

& N.H.Williams subsp. stipitatum (Lindl.) Dressler & 

N.H.Williams in Selbyana 24(1): 45 (2003): Oncidium 

stipitatum 

Trichocentrum oerstedii (Rchb.f.) R.Jiménez & 

Carnevali in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: ix (2002 publ. 2003): 

Oncidium oerstedii 

Trichocentrum pachyphyllum (Hook.) R.Jiménez & 

Carnevali in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: ix (2002 publ. 2003): 

Oncidium pachyphyllum 

Trichocentrum ×teaboanum (R.Jiménez, Carnevali & 

J.L.Tapia) R.Jiménez & Carnevali in Icon. Orchid. 5-6: 

ix (2002 publ. 2003): Lophiaris teaboana 

Trichophila dalstroemii Dodson in Orquideologia 

22(3): 206 (2003)–Ecuador 

Trichopilia amabilis Dressler in Orquideologia 22(3): 

245 (2003)–Panama 

Trichopilia eneidae Dressler in Orquideologia 22(3): 

246 (2003)–Panama 

Trichopilia steinii Dodson in Orquideologia 22(3): 209 


Trichotosia hirsutipetala (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel in 

Blumea 48(3): 513 (2003): Eria hirsutipetala 

Trichotosia lagunensis (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel in 

Blumea 48(3): 513 (2003): Eria lagunensis 

Trichotosia leytensis (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel in 

Blumea 48(3): 513 (2003): Eria leytensis 

Trichotosia mcgregorii (Ames) Schuit. & de Vogel in 

Blumea 48(3): 513 (2003): Eria mcgregorii 

Trigonochilum anthoxanthum (Rchb.f.) Senghas in J. 


anthoxanthum 

Trigonochilum callacallaense (D.E.Benn. & 

Christenson) Senghas in J. Orchideenfreund 10(3): 283 

(2003): Odontoglossum callacallaense 

Trigonochilum confertum (Rchb.f.) Senghas in J. 


confertum 

Trigonochilum contaypacchaense (D.E.Benn. & 


(2003): Odontoglossum contaypacchaense 

Trigonochilum depauperatum (Kraenzl.) Senghas in J. 


depauperatum 

Trigonochilum fractum (Rchb.f.) Senghas in J. 


fractum 

Trigonochilum gracile (Lindl.) Senghas in J. 


gracile 

Trigonochilum gramazuense (D.E.Benn. & 


(2003): Odontoglossum gramazuense 

Trigonochilum llanachagaense (D.E.Benn. & 


(2003): Odontoglossum llanachagaense 

Trigonochilum longifolium (Lindl.) Senghas in J. 


longifolium 

Trigonochilum longipes (Rchb.f. & Warsz.) Senghas in 

J. Orchideenfreund 10(3): 284 (2003): Odontoglossum 

longipes 

Trigonochilum megalophium (Lindl.) Senghas in J. 


megalophium 

Trigonochilum melanthes (Rchb.f. & Warsz.) Senghas 

in J. Orchideenfreund 10(3): 284 (2003): 

Odontoglossum melanthes 

Trigonochilum mentigerum (Rchb.f. & Warsz.) 

Senghas in J. Orchideenfreund 10(3): 284 (2003): 

Odontoglossum mentigerum 

Trigonochilum plicigerum (Rchb.f.) Senghas in J. 

Orchideenfreund 10(3): 284 (2003): Oncidium 

plicigerum 

Trigonochilum prasinum (Linden & Rchb.f.) Senghas 

in J. Orchideenfreund 10(3): 284 (2003): 

Odontoglossum prasinum 

Trigonochilum pseudomelanthes (D.E.Benn. & 


(2003): Odontoglossum pseudomelanthes

23 

Trigonochilum retusum (Lindl.) Senghas in J. 


retusum 

Trigonochilum rubrocallosum (D.E.Benn. & 


(2003): Odontoglossum rubrocallosum 

Trigonochilum viminale (Rchb.f.) Senghas in J. 


viminale 

Vanilla oroana Dodson in Orquideologia 22(3): 210 


×Wilhelmara L.Wilh. & J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 

Suppl., 112(1255): 14 (2004): (Brassia × Miltonia × 

Rhynchostele) 

×Williampriceara J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Anguloa × Lycaste × Pabstia × 


×Zelenchilum J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

111(1254): 96 (2003): (Cyrtochilum × Zelenkoa) 

×Zelenchostele J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. Suppl., 

112(1255): 14 (2004): (Rhynchostele × Zelenkoa) 

____________________________________________ 

Recent Literature 

We are grateful to Ann McNeil, compiler of the Kew 

Record of Taxonomic Literature, and to Anna Lynch, 

Mark Nesbitt, and Margaret Ramsay for drawing our 

attention to the following publications up to June 2004. 

©Copyright: The following data are copyright © the 

Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 

All rights reserved (see the copyright page). 

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morphology and floral rewards in Brazilian 

Maxillariinae (Orchidaceae). Ann. Bot. (UK) 93: 39- 

51. 

Stern, W. L. and Carlsward, B. 2004. Vegetative 

constants in the anatomy of epiphytic orchids. Orchid 

Rev. 112: 119-122. 

Stpiczynska, M., Davies, K. L., and Gregg, A. 2004. 

Nectary structure and nectar secretion in Maxillaria 

coccinea (Jacq.) L. O. Williams ex Hodge 

(Orchidaceae). Ann. Bot. (UK) 93(1): 87-95. 

Cytogenetics 

Bernardos, S., Amich, F., and Crespi, A. 2003. 

Karyological and taxonomical notes on three species of 

the genus Epipactis (Neottioideae, Orchidaceae) in the 

central-western Iberian Peninsula. Folia Geobot. 38(3): 

319-331. 

Bernados, S., Tyteca, D., and Amich, F. 2003. 

Karyological and chorological studies of some taxa of 

the subfamily Neottioideae (Orchidaceae) from the 

Central Western Iberian Peninsula. J. Eur. Orchideen 

35(4): 751-764. 

Ecology 

Bayman, P., Gonzalez, E. J., Fumero, J. J., et al. 2002. 

Are fungi necessary? How fungicides affect growth and 

survival of the orchid Lepanthes rupestris in the field. 

J. Ecol. 90(6): 1002-1008. 

Chung, M. Y., Nason, J. D., and Chung, M. G. 2004. 

Spatial genetic structure in populations of the terrestrial 

orchid Cephalanthera longibracteata (Orchidaceae). 

Amer. J. Bot. 91(1): 52-57. 

Flores-Palacios, A. and Garcia-Franco, J. G. 2003. 

Effects of floral display and plant abundance on fruit 

production of Rhyncholaelia glauca (Orchidaceae). 

Rev. Biol. Trop. 51(1): 71-78. 

Maad, J. and Alexandersson, R. 2004. Variable 

selection in Platanthera bifolia (Orchidaceae): 

phenotypic selection differed between sex functions in 

a drought year. J. Evol. Biol. 17(3): 642-650. 

Machon, N., Bardin, P., Mazer, S. J., et al. 2003. 

Relationship between genetic structure and seed and 

pollen dispersal in the endangered orchid Spiranthes 

spiralis. New Phytol. 157(3): 677-687. 

Taylor, D. L., Bruns, T. D., Szaro, T. M., et al. 2003. 

Divergence in mycorrhizal specialization within 

Hexalectris spicata (Orchidaceae), a nonphotosynthetic 

desert orchid. Amer. J. Bot. 90(8): 1168-1179. 

Trapnell, D. W., Hamrick, J. L., and Nason, J. D. 2004. 

Three-dimensional fine-scale genetic structure of the 

neotropical epiphytic orchid, Laelia rubescens. Molec. 

Ecol. 13 (5): 1111-1118. 

Ethnobotany 

Dafni, A. and Lev, E. 2003. The doctrine of signatures 

in present day Israel. Econ. Bot. 56(4): 328-334. 

[Orchis] 

Davenport, T. R. B. and Ndangal, H. J. 2003. An 

escalating trade in orchid tubers across Tanzania's 

Southern Highlands: assessment, dynamics and 

conservation implications. Oryx 37(1): 55-61. [Disa, 

Satyrium, Habenaria] 

Odoux, E., Escoute, J., Verdeil, J. L., and Brillouet, J. 

M. 2003. Localization of B-D-glucosidase activity and 

glucovanillin in vanilla bean (Vanilla planifolia 

Andrews). Ann. Bot. 92(3): 437-444. 

Reddy, K. N., Reddy, C. S., and Raju, V. S. 2003. 

Observations on some orchids of Andhra Pradesh. J. 

Non-timber Forest Prod. 9(3-4): 146-147. [Cymbidium 

aloifolium, Dendrobium herbaceum, Eulophia 

epidendraea, Geodorum densiflorum, Habenaria 

furcifera, Habenaria plantaginea, Habenaria 

roxburghii, Malaxis rheedii, Nervilia aragoana, Vanda 

tessellata] 

Walton, N. J., Mayer, M. J., and Narbad, A. 2003. 

Molecules of interest - vanillin. Phytochemistry 63(5):

25 

505-515. 

Zakahi, C. 2002. Creating vanilla in Hawaii. Orchids 

(USA) 71(7): 623-627. 

Zambrano, D. M. and Bennett, D. E. 2003. Edible 

orchids. Orchids (USA) 71(12): 1128-1131. 

[Cyrtopodium punctatum] 

Micropropagation/seed germination 

Brundrett, M. C., Scade, A., Batty, A. L., et al. 2003. 

Development of in situ and ex situ seed baiting 

techniques to detect mycorrhizal fungi from terrestrial 

orchid habitats. Mycol. Res. 107: 1210-1220. 

Chen, T. Y., Chen, J. T., and Chang, W. C. 2004. 

Plant regeneration through direct shoot bud formation 

from leaf cultures of Paphiopedilum orchids. Pl. Cell 

Tissue Organ Cult. 76(1): 11-15. 

Chou, L. C. and Chang D. C. N. 2004. Asymbiotic 

and symbiotic seed germination of Anoectochilus 

formosanus and Haemaria discolor and their F-1 

hybrids. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 45(2): 143-147. 

Decruse, S. W., Gangaprasad, A., Seeni, S., et al. 

2003. Micropropagation and ecorestoration of Vanda 

spathulata, an exquisite orchid. Pl. Cell Tissue Organ 

Cult. 72(2): 199-202. 

Huan, L. V., Takamura, T., and Tanaka, A. 2004. 

Callus formation and plant regeneration from callus 

through somatic embryo structures in Cymbidium 

orchid. Pl. Sci. 166(6): 1443-1449. 

Huynh, T. T., McLean, C. B., Coates, F., et al. 2004. 

Effect of developmental stage and peloton morphology 

on success in isolation of mycorrhizal fungi in 

Caladenia formosa (Orchidaceae). Austral. J. Bot. 

52(2): 231-241. 

Islam, M. O., Rahman, A. M. M., Matsui, S., et al. 

2003. Effects of complex organic extracts on callus 

growth and PLB regeneration through embryogenesis 

in the Doritaenopsis orchid. Jarq-Japan Agric. Res. 

Quart. 37(4): 229-235. 

Lee, Y. I. and Lee, N. 2003. Plant regeneration from 

protocorm-derived callus of Cypripedium formosanum. 

In Vitro Cell Dev.-Pl. 39(5): 475-479. 

Liau, C. H., You, S. J., Prasad, V., et al. 2003. 

Agrobacterium tumafaciens-mediated transformation of 

an Oncidium orchid. Pl. Cell Rep. 21(10): 993-998. 

Malabadi, R. B., Mulgund, G. S., and Nataraja, K. 

2004. Efficient regeneration of Vanda coerulea, an 

endangered orchid using thidiazuron. Pl. Cell Tissue 

Organ Cult. 76(3): 289-293. 

Martin, K. P. 2003. Clonal propagation, encapsulation 

and reintroduction of Ipsea malabarica (Reichb. f.) J.D. 

Hook, an endangered orchid. In Vitro Cell Dev.-Pl. 

39(3): 322-326. 

Martin, K. P. and Pradeep, A. K. 2003. Simple 

strategy for the in vitro conservation of Ipsea 

malabarica an endemic and endangered orchid of the 

Western Ghats of Kerala, India. Pl. Cell Tissue Organ 

Cult. 74(2): 197-200. 

Popova, E. V., Nikishina, T. V., Kolomeitseva, G. L., et 

al. 2003. The effect of seed cryopreservation on the 

development of protocorms by the hybrid orchid 

Bratonia. Russ. J. Pl. Physiol. 50 (5): 672-677. 

Roy, J. and Banerjee, N. 2003. Induction of callus and 

plant regeneration from shoot-tip explants of 

Dendrobium fimbriatum Lindl. var. oculatum Hk. f. 

Sci. Hortic. 97 (3-4): 333-340. 

Saiprasad, G. V. S. and Polisetty, R. 2003. 

Propagation of three orchid genera using encapsulated 

protocorm-like bodies. In Vitro Cell Dev.-Pl. 39(1): 

42-48. 

Saiprasad, G. V. S., Raghuveer, P., Khetarpal, S., et al. 

2004. Effect of various polyamines on production of 

protocorm-like bodies in orchid - Dendrobium 'Sonia'. 

Sci. Hortic. 100(1-4): 161-168. 

Sharma, J., Zettler, L. W., van Sambeek, J. W., et al. 

2003. Symbiotic seed germination and mycorrhizae of 

federally threatened Platanthera praeclara 

(Orchidaceae). Amer. Midl. Naturalist 149 (1): 104- 

120. 

Sharma, J., Zettler, L. W., and van Sambeek, J. W. 

2003. A survey of mycobionts of federally threatened 

Platanthera praeclara (Orchidaceae). Symbiosis 34(2): 

145-155. 

Shimura, H. and Koda, Y. 2003. Micropropagation of 

Cypripedium macranthos var. rebunense through 

protocorm-like bodies derived from mature seeds. Pl. 

Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 78 (3): 273-276. 

Tokuhara, K. and Mii, M. 2003. Highly-efficient 

somatic embryogenesis from cell suspension cultures of 

phalaenopsis orchids by adjusting carbohydrate 

sources. In Vitro Cell Dev.-Pl. 39(6): 635-639. 

Tsavkelova, E. A., Aleksandrova, A. V., Cherdyntseva, 

T. A., et al. 2003. Fungi associated with orchid roots

in greenhouse conditions. Mikol. Fitopatol. 37(4): 57- 

63. 

Wang, X. J., Loh, C. S., Yeoh, H. H., et al. 2003. 

Differential mechanisms to induce dehydration 

tolerance by abscisic acid and sucrose in Spathoglottis 

plicata (Orchidaceae) protocorms. Pl. Cell Environm. 

26(5): 737-744. 

Molecular biology 

Men, S., Ming, X., Wang, Y., et al. 2003. Genetic 

transformation of two species of orchid by biolistic 

bombardment. Plant Cell Rep. 21 (6): 592-598. 

Men, S. Z., Ming, X. T., Liu, R. W., et al. 2003. 

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of a 

Dendrobium orchid. Pl. Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 75(1): 

63-71. 

Physiology 

Stpiczynska, M. 2003. Incorporation of [3H]sucrose 

after the resorption of nectar from the spur of 

Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. Canad. J. Bot. 

81: 927-932. 

Pollination 

Berger, L. 2003. Observations sur le comportement de 

quelques pollinisateurs d'orchidees. Orchidophile 

34(159): 277-290. 

Johnson, S. D. and Brown, M. 2004. Transfer of 

pollinaria on birds' feet: a new pollination system in 

orchids. Pl. Syst. Evol. 244(3-4): 181-188. 

Peter, C. 2003. Pollination of the genus Eulophia. 

Orchids S. Afr. 34: 88-89. 

Singer, R. B. and Koehler, S. 2004. Pollinarium 

morphology and floral rewards in Brazilian 

Maxillariinae (Orchidaceae). Ann. Bot. (UK) 93(1): 39- 

51. 

Sun, H. Q., Luo, Y. B., and Ge, S. 2003. A 

preliminary study on pollination biology of an 

endangered orchid, Changnienia amoena, in 

Shennongjia. Acta Bot. Sin. 45(9): 1019-1023. 

Systematics and distribution 

Atwood, J. T. 2003. Maxillaria sculliana 

(Orchidaceae), a new species from Colombia. Selbyana 

24(1): 1-3. 

Atwood, J. T. 2003. Miscellaneous new species of 

Maxillaria (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 24(1): 30-43. 

Barros, F. de, Batista, J. A. N., and Bianchetti, L. de B. 

2003. Epitypification and taxonomic elucidation of 

some Brazilian taxa of Cyrtopodium R. Br. 

(Orchidaceae). Taxon 52(4): 841-849. 

Bates, B. 2003. Paracaleana disjuncta DL Jones... a 

new duck orchid for SA. J. Native Orchid Soc. S. 

Australia 27(9): 91. 

Batista, J. A. N., Bianchetti, L., de B., and Goncalves, 

E. G. 2003. An overlooked new species of Habenaria 

(Orchidaceae) from central Brazil. Novon 13(4): 397- 

402. 

Batousek, P. and Kezlinek, Z. 2003. Epipactis voethii 

- novy druh krustiku pro Ceskou republiku. Epipactis 

voethii ñ eine neue Stendelwurz-Art fur die 

Tschechische Republik. Zpravy Ceske Bot. Spol. 

(Prague) 38(2): 169-176. 

Biel, B. 2003. Eine neue intergenerische Hybride aus 

der Gattung Orchis. Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 20(1): 

73-74. 

Biel, B. 2003. Over systematiek en nomenclatuur van 

de Europese orchideeen: onder verwijzing naar actuele 

publicaties. Eurorchis no. 15: 87-95. 

Blanco, M. A. 2003. Lepanthes gerardensis 

(Orchidaceae), a new species from Costa Rica. 

Lankesteriana no. 8: 19-22. 

Bosser, J. and Cribb, P. J. 2003. Contribution a l'etude 

des Orchidaceae de Madagascar, des Comores et des 

Mascareignes. XXXIV. Bathiorchis, nouveau genre 

monotypique de Madagascar. (Contribution to the study 

of Orchidaceae from Madagascar, the Comoro and 

Mascarene islands. XXXIV. Bathiorchis, a new 

monotypic genus from Madagascar.) Adansonia 25(2): 

229-231. 

Braem, G. J. 2004. New paphiopedilums: a critical 

overview of the last 10 years. Orchids (USA) 73(4): 

280-289. 

Braem, G. J. 2004. Notes preliminaires sur la 

taxinomie du genre Phragmipedium. Richardiana 4(2): 

66-72. 

Braem, G. J. 2004. Schluckebieria, un nouveau nom 

de genre pour une plante orpheline apparentee aux 

Cattleya. Richardiana 4(2): 47-51. 

Breiner, E. and Breiner, R. 2003. Thelymitra, die sun 

orchids: eine bemerkenswerte Orchideen-Gattung aus 

Australien. Orchidee 54(3): 350-351.

27 

Burns, S. 2003. African orchids - kudos and concern. 


Cameron, E. K. 2003. Two new native plants found in 

the Auckland Region. Auckland Bot. Soc. J. 58(2): 

103-104. 

Castello Monsoriu, A. J., Andres Ros, J. V., and Sarasa 

Alcubierre, N. 2003. Adiciones y correcciones a la 

orquidoflora de la comarca de Alto Palancia y aledanos 

(Castellon). (Additions and corrections to the orchid 

flora of the Alto Palancia Region and surrounding areas 

(Castellon, Spain).) Acta Bot. Malacitana 28: 198-204. 

Castro Neto, V. P. and Catharino, E. L. M. 2004. Un 

nouvel hybride de Cattleya de Bahia (Bresil). 

Richardiana 4(2): 42-46. 

Castro Neto, V. P. and Chiron, G. R. 2003. Un nouvel 

Epidendrum du groupe Equitantes de Bahia (Bresil). 


Castro Neto, V. P. and Chiron, G. R. 2004. 

Contribution a la connaissance des orchidees du Bresil. 


Catharino, E. L. M. and Castro Neto, V. P. 2003. Une 

nouvelle espece de Prosthechea (Orchidaceae) du 

Bresil. Richardiana 3(4): 181-185. 

Cavestro, W. 2003. Dendrobium racieanum Cavestro: 

une nouvelle espece originaire d'Irian Jaya. 

Orchidophile 34(159): 271-276. 

Cavestro, W. 2004. Oeonia rosea Ridl.: une 

remarquable espece de Madagascar et de La Reunion. 

Orchidees Cult. Protect. 57(1): 17-19. 

Chen, S. C. and Luo, Y. B. 2003. (A pair of vicarious 

species of Epipactis (Orchidaceae) from western North 

America and Himalaya - central Asia.) Acta Phytotax. 

Sin. 41(5): 483-488. 

Chen, S. C. and Zhu, G. 2003. Nomenclatural changes 

in Epipactis (Orchidaceae) from China. Novon 13(4): 

423-424. 

Chen, W. H., Shui, Y. M., and Lang, K. Y. 2003. (A 

new species of Amitostigma (Orchidaceae) from SE 

Yunnan and its biogeographical implication.) Acta Bot. 

Yunnanica 25(5): 521-524. 

Chiron, G. R. and Castro Neto, V. P. 2003. Revision 

du genre Prosthechea Knowles et Wescott et nouveau 

genre dans la tribu Laeliinae (Orchidaceae). 


Chiron, G. R., and Castro Neto, V. P. 2003. Revision 

du complexe Prosthechea vespa (Orchidaceae) pour le 

sud-est du Bresil. Richardiana 3(4): 163-180. 

Christenson, E. 2003. Altensteinia fimbriata. Orchid 

Rev. 111(1254): 339-340. 

Christenson, E. and Wood, H. 2003. The mystery of 

Limodorum aphyllum: resolving lingering taxonomic 

problems concerning two dendrobiums. Orchids (USA) 

72(10): 774-777. 

Christenson, E. A. 2004. Une nouvelle espece d' 

Aspasia de Colombie. Richardiana 4(2): 84-87. 

Chung, M. Y., Nason, J. D., and Chung, M. G. 2004. 

Spatial genetic structure in populations of the terrestrial 

orchid Cephalanthera longibracteata (Orchidaceae). 

Amer. J. Bot. 91: 52-57. 

Cody, W. J. and Johnston, V. 2004. Malaxis 

monophyllos var. brachypoda, one-leaved Malaxis, 

new to the Northwest Territories, Canada. Canad. 

Field-Nat. 117(2): 302-303. 

Collantes, B., Leon, M., and Moscoso, D. 2003. 

Masdevallia veitchiana: morphological variation of this 

showy species and its conservation in the historic 

sanctuary of Machu Picchu. Orchids (USA) 72(11): 

832-836. 

Cootes, J. 2003. The genus Amesiella. Orchid Rev. 

111(1254): 368-370. 

Coronado Martinez, A. and Soto Perez, E. 2002. 

Orquideas del nacimiento del Rio Cuervo (Cuenca, 

Peninsula Iberica). Blancoana 19: 89-96, 107-110. 

Crous, H. 2003. Some habitat observations on Disa 

cardinalis. Orchids S. Afr. 34: 24-26. 

Dekker, H. 2003. Opmerkingen over 

orchideenvondsten op Rhodos in Maart 2002. 

Eurorchis no. 15: 49-54. 

Delforge, P. 2003. Contribution a la connaissance des 

orchidees printanieres de Calabre (Italie) et description 

d' Ophrys brutia sp. nova. (Contribution to the 

knowledge of the spring orchids of Calabria (Italy).) 

Nat. Belg. 8 (Orchid. 16): 55-94. 

Delforge, P. 2003. La Nigritelle robuste du Mont 

Cenis (Savoie, France). (The robust vanilla orchid of 

the Mount Cenis (Savoy, France).) Nat. Belg. 8 

(Orchid. 16): 117-132. 

Delforge, P. 2003. Note sur la distribution d' Ophrys 

cilentana J. Devillers-Terschuren et P. Devillers 2000.

(Note on the distribution of Ophrys cilentana J. 

Devillers-Terschuren et P. Devillers 2000.) Nat. Belg. 

8 (Orchid. 16): 133-143. 

Delforge, P. 2003. Remarques sur les orchidees de 

Acores. (Remarks on the orchids of the Azores.) Nat. 

Belg. 8 (Orchid. 16): 95-116. 

Delforge, P. and Kreutz, C. A. J. 2003. Epipactis 

heraclea, une nouvelle espece grecque du group 

d'Epipactis helleborine. (Epipactis heraclea, a new 

Greek species of the group of Epipactis helleborine.) 

Nat. Belg. 8 (Orchid. 16): 19-33. 

Descourvieres, P. 2004. Oncidium waluewa Rolfe 

1904 une espece miniature tres florifere! Orchidees 

Cult. Protect. 57(1): 20-21. 

Devos, N., Tyteca, D., Raspe, O., Wesselingh, R. A., 

and Jacquemart, A. L. 2003. Patterns of chloroplast 

diversity among western European Dactylorhiza 

species (Orchidaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 243(1-2): 85- 

97. 

Dodson, C. H. 2003. New orchid species and 

combinations from Ecuador: fascicle 7. Orquideologia 

22(3): 191-226. 

Dominguez, E. D. 2003. Gavilea kingii (Hook. f.) 

Correa (Orchidaceae), nouvelle collecte au Chili. 


Dressler, R. L. 2003. "Schomburgkia" thomsoniana, a 

case of confused identity. Orquideologia 22(3): 227- 

235. 

Dressler, R. L. 2003. Chysis violacea, an attractive 

new species from eastern Panama, with the prediction 

of another to come. Orquideologia 22(3): 237-243. 

Dressler, R. L. 2003. Two attractive new species of 

Trichopilia from Panama. Orquideologia 22(3): 245- 

253. 

Dressler, R. L. and Pupulin, F. 2003. Oncidium 

zelenkoanum (Orchidaceae), an unusual new species 

from Panama. Lankesteriana no. 8: 37-39. 

Dressler, R. L. and Williams, N. H. 2003. New 

combinations in Mesoamerican Oncidiinae 

(Orchidaceae). Selbyana 24(1): 44-45. 

Duckworth, A. 2003. Jewels of the veld and vlei. 


Duque, O. 2003. Orchidaceae: taxonomic 

considerations on Stelis argentata Lindley. 

Orquideologia 22(3): 291-305. 

Ennis, T. 2003. Lapland marsh orchid, Dactylorhiza 

lapponica Laest. ex Hartman, in Ireland. Eurorchis no. 

15: 67-70. 

Erfkamp, J. 2003. Genetische Untersuchungen - ihre 

Auswirkungen auf die Orchideen-Taxonomie. 

Orchidee 54(5): 573-583. 

Ewacha, B. and Sheviak, C. J. 2004. Cypripedium 

×herae: a natural Cypripedium hybrid from central 

Canada. Orchids (USA) 73(4): 296, 298-299. 

Faurholdt, N. 2003. Notes on the genus Ophrys in 

Cyprus and Israel. J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 739-749. 

Faurholdt, N. 2003. Notes on the genus Ophrys in 

Tunisia. Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 20(1): 80-84. 

Fernandez Concha, G. C.and Ramirez-Morillo, I. M. 

2003. Nomenclatural novelties in the Orchidaceae 

from Venezuela and Guyana. Novon 13(4): 405-418. 

Fessel, H. H., Luckel, E., and Roth, J. 2003. 

Phragmipedium richteri Roeth et Gruss 1994. 

Orchidee 54(4): 459. 

Fessel, H. H., Luckel, E., and Roth, J. 2003. 

Prosthechea aemula (Lindl.) Higgins. Orchidee 54(3): 

320. 

Fibeck, W. and Phiri, V. 2003. Disa: Afrikanische 

Erdorchideen (7). Orchidee 54(3): 340-349. 

Fibeck, W. and Wendhut, B. 2003. Orchideenflora der 

Seychellen: eine Migrationsanalyse. Orchidee 54(4): 

446-454. 

Freudenstein, J. V., van den Berg, C., Goldman, D. H., 

Kores, P. J., Molvray, M. and Chase, M. W. 2004. An 

expanded plastid DNA phylogeny of Orchidaceae and 

analysis of jackknife branch support strategy. Amer. J. 

Bot. 91: 149-157. 

Galan Cela, P. and Gamarra, R. 2003. Check list of 

the Iberian and Balearic orchids. 2. Ophrys L. - 

Spiranthes Rich. An. Jard. Bot. Madrid 60(2): 309- 

329. 

Gerbaud, M., Gerbaud, O., and Lewin, J. M. 2003. 

×Dactylodenia engelii M. et O.Gerbaud & J.-M. Lewin 

hyb. nat. nov. [Gymnadenia gabasiana (Teppner & E. 

Klein) Teppner & E. Klein × Dactylorhiza savogiensis 

D. Tyteca & Gathoye]. Orchidophile 34(159): 267- 

269. 

Gerlach, G. and Dressler, R. L. 2003. Stanhopeinae 

Mesoamericanae 1. Lankesteriana no. 8: 23-30.

29 

Grobler, L. 2003. The Megaclinium bulbophyllums - 

Africa's snake orchids. Orchids S. Afr. 34: 54-57. 

Gruss, O. 2003. A checklist of the genus 

Phragmipedium. Orchid Dig. 67(4): 213-241. 

Gruss, O. 2003. Pleurothallidinae - neue Arten aus der 

Kultur von Anton Sijm. Orchidee 54(5): 557-560. 

Hagsater, E. 2003. Epidendrum tolimense Lindl. 

(Orchidaceae), una especies sudamericana encontrada 

en Costa Rica. Lankesteriana no. 8: 41-43. 

Hahn, W., Passin, J., and Wegener, R. 2003. Epipactis 

densifolia W. Hahn, J. Passin et R. Wegener, spec. 

nov.: ein neues Orchideentaxon aus der sudlichen 

Turkei. Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 20(1): 54-62. 

Heberle, R. 2003. Rhizanthella gardneri 'The 

Underground Orchid'. Orchadian 14(6): 272-273. 

Hennecke, M. 2003. Orchideen-Fundorte in der 

sudlichen Turkei: 2. Teil. Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 

20(1): 63-68. 

Hermans, J. 2003. A striking new species of 

Polystachya (Orchidaceae) from Madagascar. Orchid 

Rev. 111(1254): 354-357. 

Hermans, J. and Bosser, J.. 2003. A new species of 

Aeranthes (Orchidaceae) from the Comoro Islands. 

Adansonia 25(2): 215-217. 

Hertel, H. J. 2003. Rosa bluhende Cephalanthera 

longifolia (L.) Fritsch in Hessen. Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. 

Orch. 20(1): 88-89. 

Hertel, S. and Hertel, K. 2003. Die Orchideen der 

Inseln Cres und Losinj. (The orchids of Cres and 

Losinj.) J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 685-721. 

Hertel, S. and Hertel, K. 2003. Zu Beginn der 

Orchideenblute auf Kreta und Karpathos. (At the 

beginning of orchid flowering on Crete and Karpathos.) 

J. Eur. Orchideen 35(3): 635-664. 

Hertel, S. and Riechelmann, A. 2003. Spat bluhende 

Orchideen in Kroatien und Slowenien. Ber. Arbeitskr. 

Heim. Orch. 20(1): 4-44. 

Higgins, W. E. 2004. Guaria morada by any other 

name is still an orchid. Orchid Dig. 68(1): 37-39. 

Holsinger, K. E. and Wallace, L. E. 2004. Bayesian 

approaches for the analysis of population genetic 

structure: an example from Platanthera leucophaea 

(Orchidaceae). Molec. Ecol. 13(4): 887-894. 

Hossain, A. B. M. E. 2002. A taxonomic report on the 

genus Dendrobium Sw. (Orchidaceae) from 

Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 9(2): 47-55. 

Huda, M. K., Rahman, M. A, and Wilcock, C. C. 2001. 

Notes on the Orchidaceae of Bangladesh - 1: some new 

records. Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 8(2): 9-17. 

Husson, J. 2003. Essai sur une cle de determination 

des Serapias de la flore francaise. Orchidophile 

34(158): 225-232. 

Irwin, B. and Donaghy, G. 2004. [ Pterostylis aff. 

montana, Nematoceras "roundleaf", Corybas trilobus 

ovate leaf "tussock".] New Zealand Native Orchid J. 

no. 90: 27-31. 

Jenny, R. 2003. Bulbophyllum - Wer sagt denn, dass 

Bulbophyllum -Arten klein sind? Orchidee 54(5): 545- 

556. 

Jenny, R. 2003. Gongora quinquenervis, Status einer 

umstrittenen Art. Orchidee 54(4): 436-440. 

Jones, D. L. and Rouse, D. T. 2003. A rare new 

species of Prasophyllum (Orchidaceae) from Victoria. 

Orchadian 14(6): 282-285. 

Jost, L. 2004. Teagueia explosion: an unexpected 

orchid species radiation in the Andes of Ecuador. 

Orchid Dig. 68(1): 8-13. 

Kalteisen, M. 2003. Orchideen am Plansee (Bezirk 

Reutte / Tirol, Osterreich). J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 

862-864. 

Kavade, S. P., Malpure, N., and Punekar, S. A. 2002. 

New distributional record of an endemic species 

Habenaria pachganiensis Sant. & Kap. (Orchidaceae). 

J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 26(3): 729-730. 

Khanam, M., Uddin, M. Z., Khan, M. S., and Hassan, 

M. A. 2001. Our present knowledge on the terrestrial 

orchidaceous taxa from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Pl. 

Taxon. 8(2): 35-49. 

Khanum, M., Uddin, S. N., and Khan, M. S. 2000. 

Coelogyne viscosa Reichb. f. (Orchidaceae): a new 

orchid record for Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Pl. 

Taxon. 7(2): 89-91. 

Klaassen, A. 2004. Naar hyacinten ruikend! 

Orchideeen no.2: 33-34. 

Koopowitz, H. 2003. Phragmipedium kovachii in the 

wild. Orchid Dig. 67(4): 248-255.

Kranjcev, R. 2001. Orchids on the Island of Vis 

(eastern Adriatic - Croatia). Acta Bot. Croat. 60(1): 69- 

74. 

Kretzschmar, H. and Kretzschmar, G. 2003. Ophrys 

×capellae-pacis, eine neue Hybride aus Kreta. Ber. 

Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 20(1): 69-72. 

Kretzschmar, H. and Kretzschmar, G. 2003. Zur 

Variationsbreite von Ophrys ferrum-equinum. Ber. 

Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 20(1): 75-79. 

Kretzschmar, H., Kretzschmar, G., Eccarius, W., and 

Eccarius, B. 2003. Epipactis rhodanensis auch in 

Italien. Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 20(1): 85-87. 

Kreutz, C. A. J. 2003. Eine bemerkenswerte Varietat 

von Anacamptis pyramidalis in Irland. (A remarkable 

variety of Anacamptis pyramidalis in Ireland.) J. Eur. 

Orchideen 35(4): 765-769. 

Kumar, Y. and Chowdhury, S. 2003. Dendrobium 

meghalayensis Yogendra K. et Chowdhury: a new 

species of Orchidaceae from Meghalaya, India. 


Kurzweil, H. 2003. The orchid tribe Diseae. Orchid 

Rev. 111(1254): 333-338. 

Lehnebach, C. A. 2003. Preliminary checklist of the 

orchids of Chile. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 143(4): 449-451. 

Liu, Z. J., Zhang, J. Y., and Li, L. Q. 2003. 

(Cymbidium gaoligongense sp. nov., a new orchid from 

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Long, D. 2004. Some notes on British orchids: burnt 

orchid (Orchis ustulata L.). New Zealand Native 

Orchid J. no. 90: 12-14. 

Lowe, M. R. 2003. Dactylorhiza majalis in Scotland. 

Eurorchis no. 15: 77-86. 

Lucke, E. 2003. Phalaenopsis wilsonii als Beispiel fur 

die Entwicklung des Keimblatts bzw. Protokorms bei 

Orchideen der Tribus Vandeae. Orchidee 54(3): 337- 

339. 

Luer, C. A. 2003. New species of the genus Lepanthes 

Sw. from Hispaniola (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 24(1): 4- 

29. 

Luer, C. A. 2003. Twelve new species of Pleurothallis 

(Orchidaceae). Orquideologia 22(3): 255-289. 

Luo, Y. B. and Chen, S. C. 2003. Hemipiliopsis, a 

new genus of Orchidaceae. Novon 13(4): 450-453. 

Margonska, H. B. 2003. Materials towards a revision 

of the genus Pseudoliparis (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae). 

2. Section Oistochilus. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 40(5): 357-372. 

Menezes, L. 2003. Les hybrides naturels et les 

Cattleya guttata. Orchidees Cult. Protect. no. 55: 20. 

Miranda, F. and Lacerda, K. G. de. 2003. Studies in 

Brazilian Laeliinae. Part 1. New species and natural 

hybrids in Hoffmannseggella. Orchids (USA) 72(11): 

849-857. 

Moller, O. 2003. Platanthera: innovation bei 

Platanthera chlorantha und bifolia im Vergleich zu 

anderen terrestrischen Orchideen Europas. Orchidee 

54(3): 300-309. 

Morales, C. O. 2003. Trichopilia ×ramonensis: 

Darstellung einer Naturhybride aus Costa Rica. 


Mota, R. C. da, Viana, P. L., and Lacerda, K. G. de. 

2003. Hoffmannseggella pendula, une nouvelle espece 

d' Orchidaceae du Bresil. Richardiana 4(1): 1-8. 

Omerod, P. 2003. Orchidaceous additions to the floras 

of China and Vietnam. Taiwania 48(3): 139-146. 

Ormerod, P. and Pedersen, H. A. 2003. A showy new 

Dendrobium from Thailand and Laos. Orchid Rev. 

111(1254): 341-343. 

Pedersen, H. A., Hedren, M., and Bateman, R. M. 

2003. (1600) Proposal to conserve the name Orchis 

majalis against O. elata, O. vestita, and O. 

sesquipedalis (Dactylorhiza: Orchidinae: Orchidaceae). 

Taxon 52(3): 633-634. 

Perazza, G. and Doro, D. 2003. Ophyrys incubacea 

Bianca var. dianensis var. nov., una nuova varieta 

dall'Italia meridionale. (Ophyrys incubacea var. 

dianensis var. nov., a new variety from South-Italy.) J. 

Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 723-730. 

Perko, M. L. and Kerschbaumsteiner, H. 2003. Ophrys 

kvarneri M. L. Perko et H. Kerschbaumsteiner, spec. 

nov., eine bisher ubersehene Art aus Istrien und dem 

Kvarner-Archipel (Kroatien/Hrvatska). Ber. Arbeitskr. 

Heim. Orch. 20(1): 45-53. 

Phillips, I. 2003. The orchids of Gotland. Alp. 

Gardener 71(4): 365-368. 

Phillips, I. and Lowe, M. R. 2003. The basal callosity 

of Serapias lingua populations in the Province of 

Malaga, Spain. Eurorchis no. 15: 71-75.

31 

Pinto, A. V. 2003. Approches de la reproduction 

sexuee dans la famille des Orchidaceae. Orchidees 

Cult. Protect. no. 55: 6-18. 

Pupulin, F. 2003. A second look at the genus 

Sigmatostalix (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) in Costa Rica. 

Harvard Pap. Bot. 8(1): 35-59. 

Pupulin, F. 2003. Orchid flora of Central America - 

Supplements (Part 2). Orchidee 54(5): 561-568. 

Pupulin, F. 2003. Orchid flora of Central America: 

supplements: part 1. Orchidee 54(4): 467-477. 

Pupulin, F. 2003. Two new species of Stellilabium 

(Orchidaceae: Telipogoninae) from Costa Rica. 

Harvard Pap. Bot. 8(1): 29-34. 

Pupulin, F. 2004. Novelties in Mesoamerican 

Kefersteinia (Orchidaceae: Zygopetalinae). Harvard 

Pap. Bot. 8(2): 161-170. 

Pupulin, F. and Hagsater, E. 2003. A noteworthy new 

natural hybrid in the genus Oerstedella Rchb.f. 

(Orchidaceae: Laeliinae). Lankesteriana no. 8: 31-36. 

Quene, R. J. W. and Gruss, O. 2003. Phragmipedium 

brasiliense, a new species of the section Lorifolia from 

Brasil. Orchid Dig. 67(4): 242-243. 

Rhodehamel, W. A. 2003. Stenorrhynchos speciosum. 

Orchids (USA) 72(11): 824-826. 

Rice, R. 2003. A preliminary checklist of the genus 

Renanthera (Orchidaceae) and its distribution. Orchids 

Austral. 15(6): 48-52. 

Rice, R. 2003. Exploring beautiful and mysterious 

northern Laos. Orchids Austral. 15(5): 22-25. 

Rice, R. and Wood, J. 2003. Two new species of 

Renanthera from Borneo and the Philippines and 

nomenclatural changes in Renantherella. Orchid Rev. 

111(1254): 344-353. 

Riksen, W. 2004. Myrmecophila. Orchideeen no.2: 

27-28. 

Rodrigues, A. 2004. April in Portugal. Orchideeen 

no.2: 23-26. 

Romero Gonzalez, G. A. 2003. The Sobralia 

liliastrum (Orchidaceae: Sobraliinae) complex in the 

Venezuelan Guayana. Harvard Pap. Bot. 8(1): 115- 

129. 

Roth, J. 2003. Dendrobium macrophyllum A. Rich. 

1834. Orchidee 54(5): 598-599. 

Roth, J. 2003. Paphiopedilum villosum var. boxallii 

(Rchb. f.) Stein 1892. Orchidee 54(5): 597-598. 

Roth, J. and Gruss, O. 2003. Cochlioda densiflora f. 

aurea: eine aussergewohnliche Farbform der Gattung. 


Rouse, D. T. 2003. Discovery of Diuris pedunculata 

R. Br. in Victoria. Orchadian 14(6): 256-259. 

Rysy, W. 2003. Bulbophyllum Sektion Lepidorhiza: 

Nachtrag zur Sektion der Gattung. Erganzung zu Die 

Orchidee 53(6): 700-721 (2002). Orchidee 54(3): 327- 

330. 

Rysy, W. 2003. Orchideensuche in New South Wales, 

Australien (Teil 2). Orchidee 54(3): 354-357. 

Rysy, W. 2003. Orchideensuche in New South Wales, 

Australien: Teil 3. Orchidee 54(4): 485-490. 

Salkowski, H. E. 2003. Beobachtungen an zwei 

Vorkommen von Dactylorhiza majalis var. 

semimaculata Doll im Grossraum Koblenz am Rhein: 

ein Beitrag zur Verbreitung der Orchideen in 

Rheinland-Pfalz (BRD). Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 

20(1): 91-101. 

Sayers, B. and du Plooy, H. 2003. Additions to the 

orchid flora of Belize, Central America. Lankesteriana 

no. 8: 1-3. 

Scanlen, E. 2003. List of unnamed, lumped and 

unconfirmed orchids. New Zealand Native Orchid J. 

no. 89: 23-30. 

Scanlen, E. 2003. Unnamed, lumped and unconfirmed 

orchids in NZ. New Zealand Native Orchid J. no. 89: 

21-23. 

Schneiders, H. 2003. Cyrtochilum (Oncidium) meirax 

in Kolumbien. Orchidee 54(5): 569-571. 

Schuiteman, A. and de Vogel, E. F. 2003. 

Dendrobium limpidum Schuit. et de Vogel. A new 

species of section Pedilonum from New Guinea, with a 

key to related species. J. Orchideenfreund 10(4): 310- 

322. 

Schuiteman, A. and de Vogel, E. F. 2003. New names 

and combinations in Orchidaceae from the Philippines 

and New Guinea. Blumea 48(3): 507-514. 

Scrugli, A., Manca Mura, L., and D'Emerico, S. 2003. 

Ophrys picta Link in Sardegna. J. Eur. Orchideen 

35(3): 665-670.

Scrugli, A., Todde, S., and Cogoni, A. 2003. Ophrys 

×sulcitana a new natural hybrid from Sardinia. J. Eur. 

Orchideen 35(3): 671-674. 

Seehawer, H. 2003. Pleurothallis echinantha Barb. 

Rodr. 1881. Orchidee 54(5): 604. 

Seehawer, H. 2003. Pleurothallis sarracenia Luer 

1986. Orchidee 54(5): 603. 

Senghas, K. 2003. Caluera, einzige Orchidee mit 

quirligen Bluten. J. Orchideenfreund 10(4): 305-309. 

Shaw, M. H. 2003. Registrar's notes. Orchids Austral. 

15(5): RHS14-RHS16. 

St. George, I. 2003. The New Zealand orchids: a list 

of names with a few brief notes. New Zealand Native 

Orchid J. no. 89: 9-16. 

St. George, I. 2004. Colenso's dark-purples. New 

Zealand Native Orchid J. no. 90: 8-11. 

Stevart, T., Geerinck, D., Parmentier, I., and LeJoly, J. 

2003. A new species of Polystachya sect. Polychaete 

(Orchidaceae) from central Africa. Syst. Geogr. Pl. 

73(2): 281-285. 

Strohle, W. 2003. Nomenklatorische Liste der 

europaischen Orchideentaxa: Arten und Unterarten. 

(Nomenclatural list of European orchid taxa: species 

and subspecies.) J. Eur. Orchideen 35(4): 771-860. 

Sulistiarini, D. 2003. An enumeration of species of 

Adenoncos (Orchidaceae) from Malesia. Floribunda 

2(4): 102-107. 

Szlachetko, D. L. 2003. Arthrochilium, a forgotten 

genus of the tribe Neottieae. Orchidee 54(5): 587-589. 

Szlachetko, D. L. 2003. Habenariinae (Orchidaceae, 

Orchidoideae) Beitrage zu einer Revision der 

Subtribus: 6. (Contributions to the revision of the 

subtribe: 6.) Orchidee 54(3): 334-336. 

Szlachetko, D. L. 2003. Materiaux pour la revision de 

Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae). 2. 


Szlachetko, D. L. 2003. Senghasia, eine neue Gattung 

der Zygopetaleae. J. Orchideenfreund 10(4): 332-344. 

Szlachetko, D. L. 2004. Materiaux pour la revision des 

Habenariinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae) - 4. 


Szlachetko, D. L., Gorniak, M., and Tukallo, P. 2003. 

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Orchidoideae). 3. Richardiana 3(4): 158-162. 

Szlachetko, D. L.and Sawicka, M. 2003. Habenariinae 

(Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): Beitrage zu einer 

Revision der Subtribus: 5. (Contributions to the 

revision of the subtribe: 5.) Orchidee 54(3): 331-333. 

Tsai, C. C., Huang, S. C., and Chou, C. H. 2003. 

Phylogeny of the genus Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae) 

with emphasis on the subgenus Phalaenopsis based on 

the sequences of the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 

2 of rDNA. J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol. 78(6): 879-887. 

Turkel, M. 2004. Rodriguezia lehmannii: a minature 

Oncidium relative worthy of wider recognition. 

Orchids (USA) 73(4): 262-263. 

Tyteca, D. 2003. Observations sur les Orchidees de 

l'ile d'Elbe (Italie). Orchidophile 34(158): 189-195. 

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(Famenne, Belgique): statut actuel et perspectives. 

(Orchids of Lesse and Lomme (Famene, Belgium): 

present status and perspectives. Nat. Belg. 8 (Orchid. 

16): 34-54. 

Tyteca, D. and Bernardos, S. 2003. The orchid flora of 

Portugal: addendum n. 5. Status of some rare species in 

Portugal and neighbouring regions. J. Eur. Orchideen 

35(3): 559-633. 

Uddin, M. Z., Hassan, M. A., Khan, M. S., and 

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Uddin, M. Z., Khan, M. S., Hassan, M. A., and 

Khanum, M. 2000. Vandopsis gigantea (Lindl.) Pfitz.: 

a new record of an orchid genus and species for 

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im Himalaja. Orchidee 54(4): 478-484. 

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(Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser) in een oud 

Zeeuws herbarium. Gorteria 30(1): 10-11.

33 

Verhart, F. 2003. Een orchideenseizoen in het oerbos 

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on morphological and molecular variation. Rhodora 

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____________________________________________ 

Book Reviews 

Koeniger, W. Oncidium. Eine Monograph 1. Verlag 

Helga Koeniger, München, Germany. Pp. 256, 60 

colour photographs, 60 b/w line drawings. Price: c. 

£66. 

This volume, the first of a projected five on the genus 

Oncidium, is both well produced and well illustrated. 

The aim of the author is to present a monograph of the 

genus to show the diversity of this “polymorphic 

genus” and enable readers to identify all of the known 

species. 

The text is bilingual, German and English, and 

covers etymology, allied species, a description, 

distinguishing features, section, distribution, selected 

herbarium collections, taxonomic notes and brief 

cultural notes. Each species is illustrated by a fine 

colour photograph of a flower and a detailed black-andwhite 

line drawing. It would have been helpful to 

fellow taxonomists if the collector’s name and number 

could have been added to the herbarium collection 

details. 

The content covers many familiar species, 

such as O. abortivum, O. croesus, O. forbesii and O. 

hastilabium, as well as a few that will be less well 

known, such as O. niesseniae, O. macasense, O. 

magnificum, and O. riopalenqueanum. 

The author has adopted the traditional 

treatment of Oncidium outlined by Garay (1974) in the 

Botanical Museum Leaflets, with minor modifications 

made by Senghas (1997) in the third edition of 

Schlechter’s Die Orchideen and here by the author. 

Chase and Williams’ (2001) revision of the Oncidiinae 

based on molecular sequence analysis is mentioned but 

not followed. For example, the author dismisses their 

removal of a number of species to Trichocentrum 

because “the pollinaria…show all typical features of the 

pollinaria of the genus Oncidium”. Deeper 

examination, reflection, and time may well change the 

author’s views on this matter. 

It will be a relief to readers that the text is in 

English, albeit a slightly idiosyncratic version, and this 

will undoubtedly increase the readership. Might I 

suggest that the English text of future volumes is 

checked by a native English speaker? 

This book is undoubtedly a useful addition to 

the literature on Oncidium and will serve to achieve the 

author’s aims of bringing the genus to a wider audience 

and of supplying names for plants in cultivation. The 

publisher is to be commended for the attractive 

presentation of this volume. 

Phillip Cribb 

____________________________________________ 

Ecott, T. 2004. Vanilla. Travels in search of the 

luscious substance. Michael Joseph Penguin, London. 

Pp. 278, 16 b/w photographs. ISBN 0-718-14589-5. 

Price: £16.99. 

Vanilla is such a ubiquitous flavouring nowadays that 

little thought is given to its introduction, biology, 

cultivation, and trade. However, like many of our 

spices, vanilla has exotic origins and an intriguing 

history. The origins can be traced to pre-Colombian 

Mexico where the Aztecs and their forebears used it to 

flavour a chocolate drink consumed by the nobility and 

rulers. Like many tropical American plants, especially 

the useful ones, the Spanish introduced it to Europe 

where it was cultivated as a hothouse novelty. Tim 

Ecott brings the fascinating story of its development 

into a plantation crop in Réunion to life, especially the 

sad story of Edmond Albius, a black slave in Réunion 

who solved the problem of pollinating the flowers, 

without which they would not produce their valuable 

beans (the fruits), but died impoverished. Edmond’s 

success started an industry that flourishes today in 

places as far afield as the Mascarene Islands,

Madagascar, and Tahiti but, sadly, is only a shadow of 

its former glory in Mexico where the plant originated. 

In Mexico, vanilla is still cultivated but on a 

small scale and in a marketplace dominated by the 

middlemen and shady dealers. They reap the profits 

rather than the poor farmers who grow this labourintensive 

crop. Vanilla is still known as a wild plant 

but must be considered endangered in its present range, 

a conservation issue that has yet to be fully addressed. 

The author has trodden the ground thoroughly both in 

Mexico and where it is currently commercially grown, 

taking him to some of the world’s most exotic 

locations, all with tropical moist climates on the edges 

of some of the world’s finest coral reefs, the author 

being a well-known travel journalist, specializing in 

diving and snorkelling. 

Today, vanilla capsules (“pods”) are almost 

worth their weight in gold. Successive cyclones have 

devastated the vanilla plantations of north-eastern 

Madagascar, and when I visited Antalaha (one of the 

centres) last year, the current price was over $500 per 

kilo. Madagascar fears for its premier place in the 

league of vanilla growers and the corresponding loss of 

revenue, which accounts for such a large proportion of 

the GDP of that impoverished country. 

Tim Ecott has put together a gripping story 

that is well told and remarkably free from factual errors 

and typos that plague so many popular science books 

these days. He has followed the story of vanilla from 

Mexico to Spain, then to 17 th century England and 

France and on to the tropics where the French took the 

lead in establishing vanilla as a plantation crop. His 

retelling of the story of Edmond Albius, thoroughly 

researched from the Colonial archives in Reunion, fills 

many gaps and is a poignant one. Reading his tale of 

the cloak-and-dagger, modern-day trade, devastated by 

natural disasters in 2001 and again this year, makes one 

fear for the future of Madagascar’s poor vanilla 

growers. 

I can thoroughly recommend this exciting 

account of the world’s most famous orchid to readers. 

The publishers should be commended for an attractive 

and well-illustrated production. 

Phillip Cribb 

____________________________________________ 

Luer, C. A. 2004. Icones Pleurothallidinarum XXIV. 

Pleurothallis subgenus Acianthera and three allied 

subgenera. A second century of new species of Stelis of 

Ecuador. Epibator, Ophidion and Zootrophion. 

Missouri Botanic Garden Monographs 95. ISBN 0161- 

1542. Pp. 265. 247, b/w line drawings, and distribution 

maps. 

Carl Luer’s phenomenal production rate shows no sign 

of diminishing. The 24 th volume of his seminal account 

of pleurothallid orchids has appeared on schedule and 

to the same high standard as previous volumes. 

Volume 24 comprises accounts of the species 

of four groups of Pleurothallis s.l. namely Acianthera 

(107 spp.), Abberantia (2 spp.), Didactylus (4 spp.) and 

Unguella (1 sp.), a hundred new species of Stelis from 

Ecuador, and revisions of the genera Epibator, 

Ophidion and Zootrophion. Those unfamiliar with the 

rich diversity of orchids in the Andes and the 

inaccessible nature of much of the terrain will never 

cease to be amazed at the sheer number of novelties 

that Carl Luer and his colleagues are describing from 

countries that were thought to be relatively well 

explored botanically. However, such is the narrow 

endemism of many species, confined often to a single 

valley or mountain, that new species are the norm 

rather than the exception. For example, subgenus 

Acianthera contains well-known species such as P. 

prolifera and P. sicaria, but the majority of the species 

have been described by Luer and his colleagues in 

recent years. The 100 Stelis described here are only a 

fraction of the number of novelties that he has 

identified but have yet to be described. This is perhaps 

less surprising than the numbers of new Masdevallia, 

Dracula, and Pleurothallis that have recently appeared 

because Stelis have, by and large, small flowers with 

tiny petals, lip and column. Earlier generations have 

shied away from them, finding easier and showier 

subjects for study. The author is to be particularly 

commended for his determination and ability to sort out 

the new from those species already described. This 

involves years of detailed examination of herbarium 

material, some dating back to the pioneering 

explorations of Ruiz and Pavon and Humboldt and 

Bonpland. 

The format for each account is similar to that 

of earlier volumes. A key to the species follows the 

generic or sectional account. For each species, 

nomenclature, description, distribution with map, 

collections, and taxonomic notes are provided, 

accompanying a fine b/w line drawing by the author 

and inked by Stig Dalström. 

I have recently found the series of immense 

use in identifying Lehmann collections from Colombia 

and Ecuador, many of which have not been examined 

before by botanists despite having been collected over a 

century ago. Every herbarium has large collections of 

unidentified specimens awaiting determination. Carl 

Luer’s series certainly makes the task easier. 

This series is now effectively the “bible” for 

all pleurothallid afficionados. I cannot imagine that the 

author ever thought that the series would stretch to 24 

volumes, but I am assured that several more are in the 

pipeline. I for one eagerly await them. 

Phillip Cribb

Orchid Research Newsletter No. 44 - Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

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