212.0000
Family
Celastraceae R.Br.; M. Flinders, Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 554 (1814), nom. cons.
ca. 100 genera, ca. 1280 spp. Phylogeny: Simmons et al. 2023
Species listed in database: 1327
= Brexiaceae Loudon; Hort. Brit.: 524 (1830)
= Canotiaceae Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 255 (1965)
= Chingithamnaceae Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 2: 126 (1932)
= Euonymaceae Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 2(110): 438, 439 (1825)
= Hippocrateaceae Juss.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 18: 486 (1811), nom. cons.
= Lepuropetalaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku (Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.): 243 (1943)
= Parnassiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 456 (1820), nom. cons., Family
= Plagiopteraceae Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 266 (1965)
= Pottingeriaceae Takht.; Sist. Magnoliof. (Syst. Magnolioph.): 212 (1987), Family
= Salaciaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 101 (1838)
= Siphonodontaceae Gagnep. & Tardieu; Notul. Syst (Paris) 14: 102 (1951), nom. cons.
= Stackhousiaceae R.Br.; M. Flinders, Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 555 (1814), nom. cons.
212.1501
Genus
Parnassia L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 273 (1753)
Distribution: Temperate Northern Hemisphere, esp. China (63, of them 49 endemic) and NW-North America
Species listed in database: 56
= Enneadynamis Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 3: 109 (1901)
species :
Parnassia alpicola
Makino; Bot. Mag. Tokyo 18: 140 (1904)
Distribution: South Korea; Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia alpicola f. simplex (Hayata) Hiyama; J. Jap. Bot. 28: 152 (1953)
= Parnassia alpicola var. simplex (Hayata) Hayata & Takeda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 199 (1918)
= Parnassia simplex Hayata; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59: 314 (1912)
species :
Parnassia amoena
Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(3-4): 370, f. 3A-D (1900)
Distribution: China (SE-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia asarifolia
Vent.; Jard. Malmaison 39. t. 39 (1804)
Name: Kidneyleaf grass of Parnassus
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia nudata Raf.; Autikon Bot. 41 (1840)
species :
Parnassia bifolia
Nekr.; Fl. Aziatsk. Ross. 11: 39, pl. 4B (1917)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; NW-China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI
species :
Parnassia cabulica
Planch. ex Clarke; Hook., Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 403 (1878)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Kabul, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Deosai, Astor, Gilgit, Baltistan); NW-India (Rupshu, Ladakh, Poonch, Kashmir)
34 AFG IRN 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia bornmuelleri Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 44: 98 (1894)
= Parnassia ovata Hook.f. & Thomson; (1858) (p. p.)
= Parnassia subacaulis Boiss.; Fl. 2: 814 (1872) (non Kar. & Kir. (1842))
species :
Parnassia cacuminum
Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 433 (1931)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia cacuminum f. yushuensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 37. (1987)
= Parnassia degeensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 30-31 (1987)
= Parnassia kangdingensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 35-36, pl. 2, f. 7-12 (1987)
= Parnassia qinghaiensis J.T.Pan; Novon 6(2): 188 (1996)
= Parnassia venusta Z.P.Jien; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(3): 257-258, t. 33, f. 2: 7-10 (1963)
variant :
var. longistipitata
(Z.P.Jien) Y.M.Shu & Z.X.Zhang; PhytoKeys 77: 87 (2017)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia yunnanensis var. longistipitata Z.P.Jien; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(3): 255 (1963)
species :
Parnassia caroliniana
Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 184 (1803)
Name: Carolina grass of Parnassus
Distribution: USA (Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia americana Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.: 33 (1813)
= Parnassia caroliniana f. reducta J.Rousseau; Canad. J. Res., Sect. C, Bot. Sci. 28: 242 (1952)
= Parnassia caroliniana var. cordifolia N.Coleman; Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Pen. Michigan: 9 (1874)
= Parnassia floridana Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 22: 80 (1905)
= Parnassia ovata Muhl.; Cat. ed. II. 32, nomen (1813)
= Parnassia speciosa W.Baxter; Loudon Hort. Brit. Suppl. 2: 653 (1839)
species :
Parnassia chinensis
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 252 (1897)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim); Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
variant :
var. ganeshii
S.Akiyama & H.Ohba; Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus., B (Tokyo) 27(4): 129 (2001)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
variant :
var. sechuanensis
Z.P.Jien; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(3): 255, t. 34, f. 9-15 (1963)
Distribution: China (C-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia cirrata
Piper; Erythea 7: 128 (1899)
Name: San Bernardino grass of Parnassus
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
variant :
var. intermedia
(Rydb.) P.K.Holmgren & N.H.Holmgren; A. Cronquist et al., Intermountain Fl., Vasc. Pl. Intermountain West, U. S. A., 3A: 61 (1997)
Distribution: USA (Idaho, Nevada, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia fimbriata var. hoodiana C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. 3: 28 (1961)
= Parnassia fimbriata var. intermedia (Rydb.) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C. L. Hitchcock & al.] 3: 28 (1961)
= Parnassia intermedia Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 22: 78 (1905)
species :
Parnassia cooperi
W.E.Evans; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13(63-64): 172-173 (1921)
Distribution: SE-Tibet; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND
species :
Parnassia crassifolia
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 253 (1897)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, N-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia davidii
Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., ser. 2, 8: 237 (1885)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. arenicola
Z.P.Jien; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(3): 255, t. 33, f. 1: 9 (1963)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia delavayi
Franch.; J. Bot. (Morot) 10(16): 267-268 (1896)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Bhutan; Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia appendiculata Batalin ex Nekr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 652, nomen (1928)
= Parnassia brevistyla (Brieger) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 434 (1931)
= Parnassia delavayi var. brevistyla Brieger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 400 (1922)
= Parnassia leptophylla Hand.-Mazz.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 90: 120, 131 (1941)
= Parnassia mairei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(325-330): 282 (1913)
= Parnassia souliei Franch. ex Nekr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 625 (1927)
= Parnassia wightiana var. brachyloba Franch.
= Parnassia wightiana var. flavida Franch.
= Parnassia wightiana var. microblephara Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 32: 8 (1885)
species :
Parnassia epunctulata
J.T.Pan; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(3): 220-221, f. 1: 1-6 (1985)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia esquirolii
H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13(363-367): 258 (1914)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia esquirolii H.Lév. ex W.E.Evans; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 173 (1921) (descr. emend.)
species :
Parnassia faberi
Oliv.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 18(4): pl. 1778 (1888)
Distribution: China (C-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia faberi f. ramosa Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2) 18a: 182 (1930)
= Parnassia faberi f. abbreviata Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2) 18a: 182 (1930)
= Parnassia petitmenginii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8(173-175): 285 (1910)
species :
Parnassia farreri
W.E.Evans; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13(63-64): 174-175 (1921)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); Myanmar
36 CHI 41 MYA
species :
Parnassia filchneri
Ulbr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 2(18): 65 (1906)
Distribution: SC-Tibet
36 TIB
species :
Parnassia fimbriata
Banks; Kon. & Sims, Ann. Bot. 1: 391 (1805)
Name: Fringed grass of Parnassus
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia rivularis Osterh.; Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 22: 78 (1905)
species :
Parnassia foliosa
Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 79 (1858)
Distribution: China (S-Anhui, W-Fujian, Jiangxi, NW-Zhejiang); Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya); Myanmar
36 CHI 38 JAP 40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia nummularia Maxim.; Linnaea 39: 313 (1875)
= Parnassia foliosa var. nummularia (Maxim.) Ito; (1911)
variant :
var. japonica
(Nakai) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. rev. ed. 1439 (1965)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia foliosa subsp. japonica (Nakai) Kitam.; (1962)
= Parnassia japonica Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 40: 470 (1926)
= Parnassia yudzuruana Ito; Encycl. Jap. 5: 864 (1911), Honda, Nom. Pl. Jap. 133 (1939)
species :
Parnassia gansuensis
T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 52-53 (1987)
Distribution: China (S-Gansu)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia glauca
Raf.; Autikon Bot. 42 (1840)
Name: Fen grass of Parnassus
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, Wisconsin)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia repanda Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 42 (1840)
= Parnassia rotundifolia Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 41 (1840)
species :
Parnassia grandifolia
DC.; Prod. 1: 320 (1824)
Name: Largeleaf grass of Parnassus
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia grandiflora Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 42 (1840)
species :
Parnassia guilinensis
G.Z.Li & S.C.Tang; Guihaia 19: 341 (1999)
Distribution: China (NE-Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia kotzebuei
Cham. & Schltdl. ex Spreng.; Syst. 1: 951 (1824)
Name: Kotzebue´s grass of Parnassus
Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Magadan); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Washington State, Wyoming)
30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia kotzebuei var. pumila C.L.Hitchc. & Ownbey; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. 3: 28 (1961)
species :
Parnassia kumaonica
Nekr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 646 (1927 publ. 1928)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
species :
Parnassia labiata
Z.P.Jien; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(3): 253-255, t. 33, f. 1: 1-8 (1963)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia laxmannii
Pall. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg. 6: 696 (1820)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Tuva); Russian Far East (Kamchatka); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; NW-China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia maisorensis Hend. & Hume; Lahore to Yarkand: 320 (1873)
= Parnassia subacaulis Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 164 (1842)
= Parnassia turczaninowii Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 1: 263 (1842)
species :
Parnassia longipetala
Hand.-Mazz.; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1 60: 182 (1924)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
variant :
var. brevipetala
Z.P.Jien ex T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 23 (1987)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. alba
H.Chuang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 23(2): 160 (2001)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. striata
H.Chuang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 23(2): 160 (2001)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Parnassia lutea
Batalin; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 14(2): 320-321 (1895)
Distribution: China (NE-Qinghai)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia monochoriifolia
Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 260 (1897)
Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia mysorensis
F.Heyne ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 35 (1834)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu); Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia affinis Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 81 (1858)
= Parnassia lijiangensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 43-44 (1987)
variant :
var. aucta
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5(25): 281-282 (1912)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia affinis var. aucta Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 25(6): 281 (1912)
species :
Parnassia noemiae
Franch.; J. Bot. (Morot) 10(17): 281-282 (1896)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia nubicola
Wall.; [Cat. 34, nr. 1246 (1829), nom. nud] ex Royle, Ill. Bot. Him. 227, t. 50, f. 3 (1835)
subspecies :
subsp. nubicola
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Chumbi)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia cordata (Drude) Z.P.Jien ex T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 37 (1987)
= Parnassia nubicola var. cordata Drude; Linnaea 39: 316 (1875)
= Parnassia nubicola var. nana T.C.Ku; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 29: 82 (1991)
= Parnassia tibetana Z.P.Jien ex T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 38-39 (1987)
subspecies :
subsp. occidentalis
Schönb.-Tem.; Fl. Iranica (1966)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Waziristan, Swat, Hazara, Murree)
34 AFG 40 PAK
species :
Parnassia obovata
Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 2(11): 134-135 (1932)
Distribution: China (Guizhou)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia omeiensis
T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 47-48 (1987)
Distribution: China (C-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia oreophila
Hance; J. Bot. 16(184): 106-107 (1878)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Hebei, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia setchuenensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 254-256 (1897)
species :
Parnassia palustris
L.; Sp. Pl. 273 (1753)
Name: Sumpf-Herzblatt (DE), Alaska grass of Parnassus (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, +Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Morocco; +Algeria; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shanxi, Zhejiang); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan; Pakistan (Chitral, Gilgit, Baltistan); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Laos; Alaska
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 40 IND PAK 41 LAO 70 ASK
Synonyms: hidden
= Enneadynamis polonorum Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 3: 110
= Parnassia alpina Dalla Torre; A. Hartinger & K. W. von Dalla Torre, Atlas Alpenfl.: 71 (1882)
= Parnassia ciliata Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 139 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Parnassia europaea Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 331 (1805)
= Parnassia mucronata Siebold & Zucc.; Abh. Akad. Münch. 4: II. 169 (1843)
= Parnassia obtusiflora Rupr.; Beitr. Pfl. Russ. Reich. 2: 23. t. 3 (1845)
= Parnassia ovata Ledeb.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg Hist. Acad. 5: 528 (1812 publ. 1815)
= Parnassia palustris f. calycina (Rouy & E.G.Camus) Braun-Blanq.; 638 (1922)
= Parnassia palustris f. gracilis Braun-Blanq.; 638 (1922)
= Parnassia palustris f. multipetala H.Ohashi; J. Jap. Bot. 98(1): 42 (2023)
= Parnassia palustris f. nana T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 56 (1987)
= Parnassia palustris f. rhodanthera H.Ohba & Umezu; J. Jap. Bot. 62(7): 208 (1987)
= Parnassia palustris f. ussuriensis Kom. ex Nekr.; Fl. Aziat. Ross. 11: 28 (1917)
= Parnassia palustris subsp. obtusiflora (Rupr.) D.A.Webb; Feddes Repert. 64: 25 (1961)
= Parnassia palustris var. syukorankeiensis Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 4: 306 (1932)
= Parnassia tenuis DC.; Prod. 1: 320 (1824)
= Parnassia vanensis Azn.; Magyar Bot. Lap. 16: 17 (1917 publ. 1918)
= Parnassia vulgaris Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 4: 546 (1811)
variant :
var. californica
A.Gray; Bot. California (W. H. Brewer) 1: 202 (1876)
Name: California grass of Parnassus
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia palustris subsp. californica (A.Gray) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 22 (1982), isonym
= Parnassia californica (A.Gray) Greene; Pittonia 2: 102 (1890), et Man. Bot. San Franc. Bay 123 (1894)
= Parnassia palustris subsp. californica (A.Gray) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 13(1): 331 (1971)
= Parnassia parviflora subsp. californica (A.Gray) Hultén; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., ser. 4, 13(1): 331 (1971)
variant :
var. izuinsularis
H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 62(5): 139 (1987)
Distribution: Japan (Izu Isl.)
38 JAP
variant :
var. montanensis
(Fernald & Rydb.) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. 3: 29 (1961)
Name: Mountain grass of Parnassus
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia montanensis Fernald & Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 22: 79 (1905)
variant :
var. tenuis
Wahlenb.; Fl. Lapp. 74 (1812)
Name: Marsh grass of Parnassus
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shanxi); Japan; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia multiseta (Ledeb.) Fernald; Rhodora 28: 211 (1926)
= Parnassia neogaea (Fernald) Kharkev.; Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal´nego Vostoka 7: 236 (1995)
= Parnassia palustris subsp. multiseta (Ledeb.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 175 (1985)
= Parnassia palustris subsp. neogaea (Fernald) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 2, 41, nr. 1: 956 (1945)
= Parnassia palustris subsp. pseudoalpicola Vorosch. & Makarov; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow), 130: 38 (1984)
= Parnassia palustris var. multiseta Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 1: 263 (1842)
= Parnassia palustris var. neogaea Fernald; Rhodora 39: 311, tab. 471, fig. 1-8 (1937)
= Parnassia pseudoalpicola (Vorosch. & Makarov) A.E.Kozhevn. & Kozhevnikova; Ill. Fl. Primorsky Territory 555 (2019)
= Parnassia tenuis (Wahlenb.) A.P.Khokhr. & V.N.Pavlov; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Biol. 94(5): 100 (1989)
variant :
var. yakusimensis
(Masam.) H.Ohba; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Bot. 14(2): 88 (1987)
Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)
38 JAP NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia yakusimensis Masam.; Journ. Geobot., Hokuriku 16: 110 (1968)
species :
Parnassia parviflora
DC.; Prod. 1: 320 (1824)
Name: Smallflower grass of Parnassus
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Durango, etc.)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia palustris var. parviflora (DC.) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93(5): 644 (1966)
species :
Parnassia perciliata
Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(3-4): 369-370, f. 3G-K (1900)
Distribution: China (SE-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia procul
H.Turner & Veldkamp; Blumea 46(3): 601 (2001)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Parnassia pusilla
Wall.; [Cat. 34, nr. 1245 (1829), nom. nud] ex Arn. in Comp. B. Mag. 2: 315 (1837)
Distribution: S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia deqenensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 41-42 (1987)
= Parnassia subscaposa C.Y.Wu ex T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 40-41, pl. 2, f. 13-18 (1987)
species :
Parnassia rhombipetala
B.L.Chai; J. Sichuan Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. 28(3): 375. cum pl. (1991)
Distribution: China (S-Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia scaposa
Mattf.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11(104): 306-307 (1931)
Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, S-Qinghai); S-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia aphylla T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 31-32 (1987)
species :
Parnassia siamensis
Shimizu; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 24: 41 (1969)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Parnassia simianshanensis
M.X.Ren, J.Zhang & Z.Y.Liu; Nordic J. Bot. 37(10)-e02414: 3 (2019)
Distribution: China (Chongqing)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia submysorensis
J.T.Pan; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(3): 221-222, f. 1: 14-19 (1985)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia tenella
Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 80-81 (1858)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); S-Tibet; Nepal; N-India (Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP
species :
Parnassia townsendii
B.L.Rob.; Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 31: 266 (1904)
Distribution: Mexico
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia mexicana Rose; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 29: 438 (1905)
species :
Parnassia trinervis
Drude; Linnaea 39: 322 (1875)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia humilis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 27-28 (1987)
species :
Parnassia viridiflora
Batalin; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12(1): 168-169 (1892)
Distribution: China (Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia laxmannii var. viridiflora (Batalin) Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29(3-4): 368 (1900)
= Parnassia rumicifolia Brieger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 401 (1922)
= Parnassia trinervis var. viridiflora (Batalin) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(2): 432-433 (1931)
species :
Parnassia wightiana
Wall.; [Cat. 131, nr. 3755 (1831), nom. nud] ex Wight & Arn., Prodr. Fl. Ind. Or. 35 (1834)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Karnataka, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand); N-Thailand
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia chengkouensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 49-50 (1987)
= Parnassia dilatata Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 2(11): 135 (1932)
= Parnassia longshengensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 54-55 (1987)
= Parnassia nana Griff.; Itin. Notes (Posth. Papers, ii.), 58, No. 903 (1848)
= Parnassia ornata Wall.; (Cat. 34, nr. 1347 (1829), nom. nud.) ex Arn. in Comp. Fl. Mag. 2: 315 (1837)
= Parnassia schmidii Zenker; Pl. Ind.: t. 5 (1836)
= Parnassia simaoensis Y.Y.Qian; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 17(3): 305-306, f. 1 (1997)
= Parnassia wightiana var. ornata Drude; Linnaea 39: 315 (1875)
= Parnassia yiliangensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 48-49 (1987)
species :
Parnassia xinganensis
C.Z.Gao & G.Z.Li; Guihaia 3(1): 19-20, f. 1 (1983)
Distribution: China (NE-Guangxi)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia yui
Z.P.Jien; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8(3): 256-257, t. 33, f. 2: 1-6 (1963)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Parnassia yunnanensis
Franch.; J. Bot. (Morot) 10(16): 266-267 (1896)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parnassia angustipetala T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 23-24, pl. 1, f. 1-6 (1987)
= Parnassia lanceolata T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 34-35, pl. 2, f. 1-6 (1987)
= Parnassia lanceolata var. oblongipetala T.C.Ku; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 29(1): 82 (1991)
= Parnassia longipetaloides J.T.Pan; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23(3): 222-224, f. 1: 20-25 (1985)
= Parnassia yanyuanensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 26-27, pl. 1, f. 13-18 (1987)
= Parnassia yulongshanensis T.C.Ku; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 7(1): 25, pl. 1, f. 7-12 (1987)
= Parnassia yunnanensis var. angustipetala Z.P.Jien
species :
Parnassia zhengyuana
M.X.Ren & J.Zhang; Nordic J. Bot. 37(10)-e02414: 2 (2019)
Distribution: China (Chongqing)
36 CHI
