212.0000 Family Celastraceae R.Br.; M. Flinders, Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 554 (1814), nom. cons.

ca. 100 genera, ca. 1280 spp. Phylogeny: Simmons et al. 2023

Species listed in database: 1327

212.4534 Genus Euonymus L.; Sp. Pl. 197 (1753)

Distribution: mainly China, also temp. and tropical Asia, Europe (4), N- and C-America, a few in Africa, Australia (2). Glyptopetalum is nested within Euonymus and should be included (Li et al. 2014).

Species listed in database: 179

species :

Euonymus acanthocarpus Franch.; Pl. Delav. 129 (1889)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Myanmar (Mandalay)

36 CHI TIB 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Echinocarpus erythrocarpa H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 474 (1912)

= Euonymus acanthocarpus var. laxus (Chen H.Wang) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 23 (1999)

= Euonymus acanthocarpus var. longipes (Lace) Blakelock

= Euonymus acanthocarpus var. scandens (Loes.) Blakelock

= Euonymus acanthocarpus var. sutchuenensis Franch. ex Diels

= Euonymus erythrocarpus (H.Lév.) H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy-Tchéou: 72 (1914)

= Euonymus laxus C.H.Wang; Contrib. Bot. Surv. N.-W. China 1: 12 (1939)

= Euonymus longipes Lace; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1915: 396 (1915)

= Euonymus tengyuehensis W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh x- 36 (1917)

= Euonymus theifolius var. scandens Loes.

species :

Euonymus acanthoxanthus Pit.; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 870 (1912)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Echinocarpus cavaleriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 474 (1912)

= Echinocarpus esquirolii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 474 (1912)

= Euonymus blinii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 259 (1914)

= Euonymus subtrinervis Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 14(3): 247 (1933)

species :

Euonymus actinocarpus Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 459 (1902)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus angustatus Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 33, 35 (1908)

= Euonymus contractus Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 31, 34 (1908)

= Euonymus hemsleyanus Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30(5): 460 (1902)

species :

Euonymus aculeatus Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 209 (1893)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus xanthocarpus C.Y.Cheng; mss.

= Echinocarpus hederaerhizus H.Lév.; (1912)

species :

Euonymus aculeolus C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 94 (1997)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus acuminatissimus (Merr.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum acuminatissimum Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 29: 481 (1926)

species :

Euonymus acuminifolius Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 253 (1951)

Distribution: WC-Sumatra; N-Borneo; SW-Sulawesi

42 BOR SUL SUM

species :

Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold; Syn. Pl. Oecon. Jap. 49 (1830)

Name: Flügel-Spindelstrauch (DE), Spindletree (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); Uzbekistan [I]; China (Anhui, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I])

11 ger 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 uzb 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO tai 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Celastrus alatus Thunb.; Fl. Jap. (Thunberg) 98 (1784)

= Euonymus alatus f. angustatus (Makino) Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 51(607): 644 (1937)

= Euonymus alatus f. compactus Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 418 (1939)

= Euonymus alatus f. microphyllus (Nakai) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 3: 82 (1954)

= Euonymus alatus f. pilosus (O.Loes. & Rehder) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. (Ohwi) 738 (1953)

= Euonymus alatus Rupr.; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 15: 135 (1856 publ. 1857)

= Euonymus alatus subsp. sacrosancta (Koidz) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 181 (1985)

= Euonymus alatus subvar. pilosus Kitag.; Lin. Fl. Manshur. 307 (1939)

= Euonymus alatus var. ellipticus Chen H.Wang

= Euonymus alatus var. latifolia Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 37: 81 (1923)

= Euonymus alatus var. microphyllus Nakai; Koryo Shikenrin Ippan 44 (1932)

= Euonymus alatus var. pilosus Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 494 (1913)

= Euonymus alatus var. pubescens Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint- Pétersbourg 27: 453 (1881)

= Euonymus alatus var. uncinatus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 123 (1931)

= Euonymus arakianus Koidz.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 1: 174 (1932)

= Euonymus ellipticus (Chen H.Wang) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 65 (1999)

= Euonymus kawachianus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 35: 145 (1921)

= Euonymus loeseneri Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 229 (1911)

= Euonymus nakamurae Makino; Yagai-Shokub.-Dzufu 4: 291 (1933)

= Euonymus sacrosanctus Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 12 (1925)

= Euonymus striatus f. angustatus Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25(298): 229 (1911)

= Euonymus striatus subsp. alata (Thunb.) Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 11 (1925)

= Euonymus striatus var. alatus (Thunb.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 230 (1911)

= Euonymus striatus var. cornucarpus Koidz.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 56 (1941)

= Euonymus striatus var. hirta Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 11 (1925)

= Euonymus striatus var. microphyllus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 31(361): 27 (1917)

= Euonymus striatus var. pilosus Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 11 (1925)

= Euonymus striatus var. pubescens Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 230 (1911)

= Euonymus thunbergianus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1147 (1827)

= Euonymus verrucosus var. tchefouensis Debeaux

= Melanocarya alata (Thunb.) Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31: II. 454 (1858)

variant :

var. apterus Regel; Tent. Fl.-Ussur. 41, t.7, f.2-3 (1861)

Name: Corky spindletree

Distribution: E-Asia; USA [I] (Kentucky [I], Pennsylvania [I])

75 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus alatus var. apterus (Regel) O.Loes.; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 494 (1913)

= Euonymus alatus f. apterus (Regel) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees 405 (1949)

= Euonymus alatus var. ciliato-dentatus Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 311 (1878)

= Euonymus striatus f. ciliatodentatus (Franch. & Sav.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 21: 138 (1907)

variant :

var. rotundatus (Makino) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 10: 85 (1934)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus striatus var. rotundatus Makino; Bot. Mag. Tokyo 25: 229 (1911)

form :

f. striata (Thunb.) Kitag.; Neo-Lineam. Fl. Manshur.: 434 (1979)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl.); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

31 RFE 38 JAP KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Celastrus striatus Thunb.; Fl. Jap. (Thunberg) 98 (1784) et Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 237 (1784)

= Euonymus alatus f. striatus (Thunb.) Makino; Ill. Fl. Jap. Suppl. 362 (1949)

= Euonymus alatus var. striatus (Thunb.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 21: 138 (1907)

= Euonymus striatus (Thunb.) Loes. ex Gilg & Loes.; Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 75: 49 (1904)

= Euonymus striatus (Thunb.) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 229 (1911), isonym

= Euonymus alatus var. subtriflorus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1147 (1827)

= Euonymus alatus f. subtriflorus (Blume) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. (Ohwi) 738 (1953)

= Euonymus alatus subvar. subtriflorus (Blume) Kitag.; Lin. Fl. Manshur. 307 (1939)

species :

Euonymus americanus L.; Sp. Pl. 197 (1753)

Name: Bursting-heart

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus alternifolius Moench; Methodus (Moench) 71 (1794)

= Euonymus americanus var. sarmentosus Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 154 (1818)

= Euonymus angustifolius Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh) 1: 168 (1813)

= Euonymus heterophylus Raf.; New Fl. 3: 59 (1838)

= Euonymus muricatus Raf.; New Fl. 3: 59 (1838)

= Euonymus sarmentosus G.Don; Loudon Hort. Brit. 84, et Gen. Syst. 2: 5 (1830)

= Euonymus scandens G.Don; Hort. Brit. (Loudon) 84 (1830)

= Euonymus sempervirens Marshall; Arbust. Amer. 44 (1785)

species :

Euonymus amygdalifolius Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 453 (1886)

Distribution: India (Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh)

40 IND

Remarks: often included in E. frigidus

species :

Euonymus angulatus Wight; Ic. t. 1053 (1846)

Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus acutangulus Wight; Ill. Ind. Bot. 2: 178 (1850)

= Euonymus glaucus Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36: I. 599 (1863)

= Euonymus pterocladus Hohen. ex M.A.Lawson; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 610 (1875)

species :

Euonymus aquifolium Loes. & Rehder; Sarg. Pl. Wilson. 1: 484 (1913)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum aquifolium (Loes. & Rehder) C.Y.Cheng & Q.S.Ma, C.Y.Cheng & P.H.Huang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 45(3): 93 (1999)

species :

Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq.; Hort. Vindob. 2: 55 (1772-73)

Name: Eastern wahoo

Distribution: Tajikistan [I]; Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

32 tzk 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus caroliniensis Marshall; Arbust. Amer.: 43 (1785)

= Euonymus latifolius Marshall; Arbust. Amer. 44 (1785)

= Euonymus tristis Salisb.; Prod. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 142 (1796)

variant :

var. cheatumii Lundell; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 6: 41 (1941)

Distribution: USA (Texas)

77 USA

species :

Euonymus attenuatus Wall.; Numer. List no. 4298 (1831) ex M. A. Lawson, Fl. Brit. India 1: 610 (1875)

Distribution: India (West Bengal, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya); Bangladesh

40 BAN IND

species :

Euonymus australiana F.Muell.; Fragm. 4: 118 (1864)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya); Australia (Queensland: Hinchinbrook Island to Cape York)

42 NWG 50 AUS

species :

Euonymus baekdusanensis M.Kim; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 43(3): 168 (2013)

Distribution: North Korea (Mt. Baekdu-san)

38 NKO

species :

Euonymus balansae Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 180 (1908)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus hystrix W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 160 (1921)

= Euonymus mengtseanus (Loes.) Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 35 (1908)

= Euonymus prismatomerioides C.Y.Wu ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 3: 232 (1998)

= Euonymus rhodacanthus Pit.; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 870, 1070 (1912)

= Euonymus theifolius var. mengtseanus Loes.

species :

Euonymus barberi Murugan & Manickam; Indian J. Forest. 29(2): 199 (2006)

Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

species :

Euonymus benguetensis Merr.; Philipp. Gov. Lab. Bur. Bull. 29: 26 (1905)

Distribution: Sumatra; Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI SUM

species :

Euonymus benthamii Lundell; Wrightia, 4(5), 157 (1971), nom. nov.

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras

79 MEX 80 GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus acuminatus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. (Bentham) 59 (1840) non Raf.

species :

Euonymus bockii Loes. ex Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 439 (1900)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam

36 CHI 41 LAO THA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus bockii var. orgyalis (W.W.Sm.) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 13 (1999)

= Euonymus orgyalis W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 161 (1921)

= Euonymus petelotii Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 19: 41 (1938)

= Euonymus subsessilis var. latifolius Loes.

species :

Euonymus boninensis Koidz.; Bot. Mag, Tokyo 32: 250 (1918)

Distribution: Bonin Isl. (Chichijima, Hahajima, Keetaajima, Anejima, Imohtojima)

38 OGA

species :

Euonymus bullatus Wall. ex M.A.Lawson; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 1(pt. 3): 610 (1875)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); NE-India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand

36 CHI 40 BAN IND 41 MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus bullatus Wall.; Numer. List no. 4299 (1829) nom. et, Bot. Cab. vol. 18, tab. 1749 (1831)

species :

Euonymus calocarpus Kurz; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 41: II. 299 (1872)

Distribution: NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh); Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Narcondum Isl., South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Taninthayi); Thailand

40 IND 41 AND MYA NCB THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum griffithii Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 60: 209 (1891)

= Glyptopetalum calocarpum (Kurz) Prain; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 60: II. 209 (1891)

species :

Euonymus calyptratus Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. t. 311 (1894)

Distribution: S-Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum calyptratum Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 311 (1894)

species :

Euonymus carnosus Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 118 (1886)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan

36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus batakensis Hayata; Ic. Pl Formos. 9: 11 (1920)

= Euonymus huangii H.Y.Li & Yuen P.Yang; Taiwania 45(2): 129 (2000)

= Euonymus morrisonensis Kaneh. & Sasaki; Kaneh., Formosan Trees, ed. rev., 389 (1936), anglice et japonice

= Euonymus platycline Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 5: 186 (1936)

= Euonymus tanakae Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peterb. 31: 22 (1887)

= Genitia batakensis (Hayata) Nakai; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 13: 23 (1943)

= Genitia carnosus (Hemsl.) Li & Ding Hou; Taiwania 1: 189 (1950)

= Genitia tanakae (Maxim.) Nakai; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 13: 22 (1943)

= Masakia carnosa (Hemsl.) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 11 (1949)

species :

Euonymus castaneifolius Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 36 (1931)

Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei

42 BOR BRN SUM

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus moultonii Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931: 36 (1931)

species :

Euonymus centidens H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 262 (1914), et ex Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 11: 164, descr. emend. (1930)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus euscaphioides F.H.Chen & M.C.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 3: 235 (1954)

= Euonymus euscaphioides var. serrulatus F.H.Chen & M.C.Wang

= Euonymus streptopterus Merr.; Sunyatsenia 1: 198 (1934)

species :

Euonymus chaudocensis Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. t. 310 (1894)

Distribution: S-Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum chaudocense Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 310 (1894)

species :

Euonymus chengiae J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 95 (1997)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus chenmoui W.C.Cheng; Contrib. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. Ser. 10: 75 (1935)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus chiapensis Lundell; Wrightia 4: 136 (1970)

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Chiapas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus platyphyllus Lundell; Phytologia 56(6): 419 (1984)

species :

Euonymus chibae Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 69 (1913)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

38 JAP

Remarks: often included in E. nitidus

species :

Euonymus chloranthoides Yang; Journ. W. China Border Research Soc., Ser. B, 15: 90 (1945)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus chui Hand.-Mazz.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 90: 121 (1941)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus cinereus M.A.Lawson; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 611 (1875)

Distribution: NE-India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh); Bangladesh

40 BAN IND

Remarks: often included in E. echinatus

species :

Euonymus clivicolus W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 31 (1917)

Distribution: China (Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar; Laos

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND 41 LAO MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus clivicolus var. rongchuensis (Marquand & Airy Shaw) Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 279 (1951)

= Euonymus elegantissimus Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 496 (1913)

= Euonymus rongchuensis Marquand & Airy Shaw; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48: 168 (1929)

species :

Euonymus cochinchinensis Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. t. 309 (1894)

Distribution: Andaman Isl. (Little Andaman Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; S-Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang); Sumatra; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Batan, Luzon, Polillo, Mindoro, Masbate, Mindanao); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Sumbawa); Moluccas (Sula Arch., Kei Isl., Aru); New Guinea (Waigeo Isl.)

41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus colonoides Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 348 (1926)

= Euonymus oliganthus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 320 (1915)

= Euonymus pahangensis Ridl.; Fl. Mal. Penins. 5: 299 (1925)

= Euonymus philippinensis Merr.; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 3: 238. (1908)

= Euonymus similis Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 147 (1912)

= Glyptopetalum scortechinii King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 345 (1896)

= Sphaerodiscus cochinchinensis (Pierre) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 17: 686 (1941)

species :

Euonymus compressus F.Du & M.M.Li; J. W. China Forest. Sci 46(5): 139 (2017)

Distribution: China

36 CHI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Euonymus cornutus Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 209 (1893)

Distribution: China (Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; India (Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Sagaing)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus cornutoides Loes.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 2 (1913)

= Euonymus cornutus var. quinquecornutus (Comber) Blakelock

= Euonymus frigidus var. cornutoides (Loes.) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 81 (1999)

= Euonymus quinquecornutus Comber; Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 18: 243 (1934)

= Euonymus quinquecornutus W.E.Evans ex Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 663 (1933), nomen

= Euonymus stenophyllus J.W.Ren; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 23: 1635 (2003)

species :

Euonymus corymbosus Sprague & Bullock; Hook. Ic. Pl. 34: t. 3396 (1939)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Mexico State, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Euonymus costaricensis Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 18: 631 (1937)

Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica

80 COS NIC

species :

Euonymus crenulatus Wall.; Numer. List no. 4297 (1831) ex Wight & Arn., Prodr. 161 (1834)

Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

species :

Euonymus darrisii Loes.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 7: 193 (1912) non H. Lév.

Distribution: China (Yunnan); SE-Tibet; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam); Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA

Remarks: status unconfirmed

species :

Euonymus dichotomus B.Heyne ex Wall.; Roxb. Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 2: 410 (1824)

Distribution: India (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala); Sri Lanka

40 IND SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus thwaitesii M.A.Lawson; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 608 (1875)

species :

Euonymus dielsianus Loes. ex Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 440 (1900)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan?, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus cavaleriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 259 (1914), et ex Loes., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 32: 540

= Euonymus dielsianus var. euryanthus Hand.-Mazz.

= Euonymus dielsianus var. fertilis Loes.

= Euonymus dielsianus var. latifolius H.Lév.

= Euonymus fertilis (Loes.) C.Y.Cheng ex C.Y.Chang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(1): 81 (1985)

= Euonymus fertilis var. euryanthus (Hand.-Mazz.) C.Y.Chang; Fl. Sichuanica 4: 261 (1988)

= Euonymus leclerei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 260 (1914)

species :

Euonymus distichus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 261 (1914)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus dolichopus Merr. ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 95 (1997)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus eberhardtii Tardieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 95: 180 (1948)

Distribution: Laos; Vietnam

41 LAO VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus poilanei Tardieu; Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine, ed. Humbert 1: 788 (1949), sine descr. lat., et in Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 14: 46 (1950)

= Quadripterygium poilanei Tardieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 95: 180 (1948)

species :

Euonymus echinatus Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 410 (1824)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jaliltnu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin); N-Thailand

36 CHI TIB 38 NNS TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus arboricola Hayata; Ic. Pl Formos. 5: 17 (1915)

= Euonymus fungosus Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 5: 186 (1936)

= Euonymus fungosus subsp. chinensis P.S.Hsu

= Euonymus mupinensis Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 489 (1913)

= Euonymus scandens Graham; Edinb. New Philos. J. 2: 386 (1827)

= Euonymus subsessilis Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 32, 34 (1908)

= Pragmotessara echinata (Wall.) Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 309 (1894)

variant :

var. trichocarpus (Hayata) S.S.Ying; Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan 5: 452 (1995)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus trichocarpus Hayata; Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25: Art. 19, 69 (1908)

species :

Euonymus elaeodendroides Loes.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem Xiii 580 (1937)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Euonymus enantiophyllus (Donn.Sm.) Lundell; Lloydia 2: 100: (1939)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Maytenus enantiophyllus Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 55: 432 (1913)

species :

Euonymus euonymoides (Merr.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon); Lesser Sunda Isl.

42 LSI PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum euonymoides Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C xii, 278 (1917)

species :

Euonymus euphlebius (Merr.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI PLW

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum euphlebium Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C xii, 280 (1917)

= Glyptopetalum marivelense var. euphlebium Merr.; (1915)

= Glyptopetalum remotinervium Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 12: 280 (1917)

species :

Euonymus europaeus L.; Sp. Pl. 197 (1753)

Name: Gemeines Pfaffenhütchen (DE), European spindletree (EN)

Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mainland south to N-Peloponnisos, Evvoia); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia); Chatham Isl. [I]; Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Illinois [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Mississippi [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I])

10 DEN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO cis COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 32 tkm tzk uzb 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 51 ctm 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus angustifolius Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 128 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Euonymus bulgaricus Velen.; Fl. Bulg.: 116 (1891)

= Euonymus czernjaevii Klokov; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 19: 301 (1959)

= Euonymus europaea subsp. moldavica (Klokov) Grosset; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir. Biol. 80(5): 115 (1975)

= Euonymus europaea subsp. pontica Savul. & Rayss

= Euonymus europaea subsp. subvelutina (Savul. & Rayss) Grosset; Byull. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir. Biol., 80(5) 1 16 (1975)

= Euonymus europaea var. involuta Lindem.

= Euonymus europaea var. suberoso-alata Lindem.

= Euonymus europaea var. subvelutina Savul. & Rayss

= Euonymus europaeus f. angustifolius Gancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 7: 493 (1979)

= Euonymus europaeus f. atropurpureus (Rehder) Hegi; 251 (1924)

= Euonymus europaeus f. atrorubens C.K.Schneid.; 182 (1907)

= Euonymus europaeus f. bulgaricus (Velen.) Gancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 7: 259 (1979)

= Euonymus europaeus f. microphyllus (Beck) Gancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 7: 259 (1979)

= Euonymus europaeus f. scaberulus (Beck) Jovan.; Fl. SR Srbije 5: 354 (1973)

= Euonymus europaeus f. variegatus (Dippel) Hegi; 251 (1924)

= Euonymus europaeus subsp. moldavicus (Klokov) Grosset; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 80(5): 115 (1975)

= Euonymus europaeus subsp. subvelutinus (Savul. & Rayss) Grosset; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 80(5): 116 (1975)

= Euonymus europaeus subsp. tenuifolius Ehrh.; 218 (1780), nom. inval.

= Euonymus europaeus var. angustifolius Schultz; 16 (1819)

= Euonymus europaeus var. intermedius Gaudin; 226 (1828)

= Euonymus europaeus var. multiflorus (Opiz) Hegi; 251 (1924)

= Euonymus europaeus var. suberosus (Klokov) Tzvelev; Fl. Vostochnoi Evropy (2004)

= Euonymus europaeus var. tenuifolius L.; 197 (1753), nom. inval.

= Euonymus europaeus var. vulgaris Merrem; 102 (1809)

= Euonymus floribundus Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29(II): 122 (1856)

= Euonymus latifolius S.G.Gmel.; Reise Russland 1: 130 (1774)

= Euonymus medirossicus Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 19: 296 (1959)

= Euonymus medius Kit.; Linnaea 32: 641 (1863)

= Euonymus moldavicus Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 19: 299 (1959)

= Euonymus odessanus Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 19: 306 (1959)

= Euonymus pubescens Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29(II): 121 (1856)

= Euonymus quadrigonus Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 1: 497 (1843)

= Euonymus suberosus Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 19: 284 (1959)

= Euonymus vulgaris Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n. 1. (1768)

= Euonymus vulgaris Scop.; 166 (1771) non Mill.

= Euonymus vulgaris var. microphyllus Beck; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 451 (1921)

= Evonymus tenuifolius (L.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol 6: II. 788 (1909)

species :

Euonymus euscaphis Hand.-Mazz.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 58: 148 (1921)

Distribution: China (Hunan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus euscaphis var. gracilipes Rehder

= Euonymus tsoi subsp. brevipes P.S.Hsu

species :

Euonymus feddei H.Lév.; Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. 13: 260 (1914)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum feddei (H.Lév.) Ding Hou; Blumea 12: 59, f. 1, a-i (1963)

species :

Euonymus fengii Chun & F.C.How; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7: 44 (1958)

Distribution: China (Hainan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum fengii (Chun & F.C.How) Ding Hou; Fl. Males. 1(6): 256 (1963)

species :

Euonymus ficoides C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 94 (1997)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus dolichopodus C.Y.Cheng; mss.

= Euonymus trabeculatus C.Y.Wu; Herb.

species :

Euonymus fimbriatus Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 408 (1824)

Distribution: Tibet; Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Mirpur); Nepal; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Sikkim, Poonch, Kashmir)

36 TIB 40 IND NEP PAK

variant :

var. serratus Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 279 (1951)

Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND

species :

Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 660 (1933)

Name: Japanischer Spindelstrauch, Wintercreeper, Kletter-Spindelstrauch

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; France [I]; Italy [I]; Bulgaria [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Transcaucasus [I]; China (Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Hebei, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea; Taiwan [I]; Myanmar (Kachin); Thailand; Laos; Sumatra; Sulawesi; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Sumbawa, Timor); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I], Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], Illinois [I], Kentucky [I], North Carolina [I]); South America [I]

11 ger slo 12 fra 13 bul ita 33 ncs 36 CHI 38 KOR tai 41 LAO MYA THA 42 jaw LSI SUL SUM 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Cassine fortunei (Turcz.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 114 (1891)

= Elaeodendron fortunei Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36: I. 603 (1863), nom. cons.

= Elaeodendron javanicum Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mozc. 36: I. 602 (1863)

= Euonymus fortunei f. albifructus Murata; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 39: 149 (1988)

= Euonymus fortunei var. acuminatus F.H.Chen & M.C.Wang

= Euonymus fortunei var. patens (Rehder) Hand.-Mazz.

= Euonymus guidingensis C.Y.Cheng; ms.

= Euonymus hederaceus Champ. ex Benth.; Hook., Lond. J. Bot. 3: 333 (1851)

= Euonymus hederacioides C.Y.Cheng; herb.

= Euonymus japonicus L.f.; 154 (1782), nom. illeg.

= Euonymus japonicus var. chinensis Pamp.

= Euonymus kewensis (Bean) Hesse; Möller´s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 47: 217 (1932)

= Euonymus kiautschovicus Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30(5): 453 (1902)

= Euonymus kiautschovicus var. patens (Rehder) Loes.

= Euonymus patens Rehder; Trees & Shrubs (Sargent) 1: 127, pl. 64 (1903)

= Euonymus wensiensis J.W.Ren & D.S.Yao; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 16(4): 420-421, f. 1 (1996)

variant :

var. radicans (Siebold ex Miq.) Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 19: 77 (1938)

Distribution: C-China (Zhejiang); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I])

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus austroliukiuensis Hatus.; Sci. Bull. Agric. & Home Econ. Div. Univ. Ryukyus, Okinawa, No. 3, 20 (1956)

= Euonymus carrieri Vauvel ex Carrière; Rev. Hortic. (1885) 296 f. 50

= Euonymus gracilis Siebold; Cat. Pl. Jap. et Chin. 33 (1863)

= Euonymus radicans (Miq.) Siebold ex Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 202 (1876)

= Euonymus repens Carrière; Rev. Hortic. (1885) 296 f. 51

= Masakia radicans (Miq.) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 24: 12 (1949)

variant :

var. villosus (Nakai) H.Hara; Enum. Sperm. Jap. 3: 86 (1954)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus radicans var. villosus Nakai; (1941)

species :

Euonymus frigidus Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 409 (1824)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Sagaing); Laos

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus assamicus Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1948: 242 (1948)

= Euonymus austrotibetanus Y.R.Li; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3: 355 (1981)

= Euonymus burmanicus Merr.; Brittonia 4: 105 (1941)

= Euonymus crinitus Pamp.; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. It. 17: 417 (1910)

= Euonymus crinitus var. minor Pamp.

= Euonymus dasydictyon Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 496 (1913)

= Euonymus fugongensis Y.R.Li; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 1102 (1993), without latin descr. or type (1993)

= Euonymus gongshanensis Y.R.Li; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 1104 (1993), without latin descr. or type (1993)

= Euonymus porphyreus Loes.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 2 (1913)

= Euonymus porphyreus var. angustifolius L.C.Wang & X.G.Sun; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(4): 45 (1990)

= Euonymus porphyreus var. ellipticus Blakelock

= Euonymus pygmaeus W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 35 (1917)

= Euonymus roseoperulatus Loes.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 1 (1913)

= Euonymus taliensis Loes.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 3 (1913)

variant :

var. elongatus Cowan & Cowan; Tr. N. Beng. 35 (1929)

Distribution: Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Sikkim, West Bengal)

40 BHU IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus frigidus f. elongatus (Cowan & Cowan) H.Hara; Fl. E. Him. 189 (1966)

variant :

var. wardii (W.W.Sm.) Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1948: 237 (1948)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar

36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus wardii W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 37 (1917)

species :

Euonymus fulgens Aver.; Pl. Diversity Fl. Veg. Bat Dai Son 236 (2021), nom. nov.

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus neosplendens Idrees & Z.Yong Zhang; Phytotaxa 543(5): 297 (2022), nom. nov. superfl.

= Euonymus splendens Aver.; Pl. Diversity Fl. Veg. Hin Nam No 95 (2019), nom. illeg.

species :

Euonymus fusiformis R.Parker; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 29: 104 (1931)

Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi)

41 MYA

species :

Euonymus geloniifolius Chun & F.C.How; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7: 45. pl. 15, 2 (1958)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum geloniifolium (Chun & F.C.How) C.Y.Cheng, C.Y.Cheng & P.H.Huang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 45(3): 94 (1999)

= Glyptopetalum geloniifolium var. robustum (Chun & F.C.How) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 94 (1999)

= Glyptopetalum occultonervatum R.H.Miao; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 32(4): 60 (1993)

species :

Euonymus gibber Hance; J. Bot. 20: 77 (1882)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan); Taiwan

36 CHI 38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus miyakei Hayata; Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 22: 83 (1906)

= Euonymus xylocarpus C.Y.Cheng & Z.M.Gu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 31(2): 178, f. 1: 4-7 (1993)

species :

Euonymus giraldii Loes. ex Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 442 (1900)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus giraldii var. angustialatus Loes.

= Euonymus giraldii var. ciliatus Loes. ex Diels

= Euonymus giraldii var. genuinus Loes. ex Diels

= Euonymus kansuensis Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 418 (1935)

= Euonymus pashanensis S.Z.Qu & Y.H.He; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 8(4): 95 (1988)

= Euonymus perbellus C.Y.Chang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(1): 87 (1985)

species :

Euonymus glaber Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 86 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 2: 403 (1824), Fl. Ind., ed. Carey 1: 628 (1832)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Yunnan); Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Shan, Taninthayi, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Pahang, Perlis)

36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 MLY

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus carinatus Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 347 (1926)

= Euonymus ligustrinus Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 348 (1926)

= Euonymus mitratus Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 308 (1894)

= Euonymus serrulatus Wall.; Numer. List no. 4296 (1831)

= Lophopetalum pedunculatum Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 59: 85 (1911)

species :

Euonymus glandulosus (Merr.) Ding Hou; Fl. Males., Ser. 1, 6: 251 (1963)

Distribution: Borneo; Palawan; Philippines (Mindanao)

42 BOR PHI PLW

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum glandulosum Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C xii, 279 (1917)

species :

Euonymus gracilipes Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch.: t. 311 (1894)

Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Vietnam

41 LAO THA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum gracilipes Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. t. 311B (1894)

= Glyptopetalum annamense Tardieu; Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine, ed. Humbert 1: 783 (1949), sine descr. lat., et in Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 14: 47 (1950)

species :

Euonymus gracillimus Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 118 (1886)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus grandiflorus (Bedd.) comb.ined.; non Wall., needs a new name

Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum grandiflorum Bedd.; Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 21, t. 102 (1874)

species :

Euonymus grandiflorus Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 404 (1824)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Assam, Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); N-Myanmar (Chin, Kachin, Shan)

36 CHI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus grandiflorus f. longipedunculatus C.Y.Chang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(1): 83 (1985)

= Euonymus grandiflorus f. salicifolius Stapf & Ballard

= Euonymus grandiflorus var. angustifolius Chen H.Wang

= Euonymus lacerus Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 191 (1825)

= Euonymus mairei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 260 (1914)

= Lophopetalum grandiflorum (Wall.) Arn.; Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 151 (1839)

= Lophopetalum lucidum Wight ex M.A.Lawson; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 608 (1875)

species :

Euonymus griffithii Kurz; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 41: II. 73 (1872)

Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar (Bago, Sagaing)

40 IND 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum angulatum (Griff.) Chakrab. & M.Gangop.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 14(1): 129 (1990)

= Hippocratea angulata Griff.; Notul. 4: 473 (1854)

species :

Euonymus hainanensis Chun & F.C.How; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7: 47 (1958)

Distribution: China (Hainan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus pallidilimbus Merr. & Metcalf; Herb.

species :

Euonymus hamiltonianus Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 403

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Murree); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jaliltnu & Kashmir, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Uttar Pradesh); N-Myanmar (Kachin); Thailand; USA [I] (Pennsylvania [I])

31 RFE 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA 75 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus atropurpureus Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 18 (1814), Fl. Ind. 1: 627 et auct. (non Willd.)

= Euonymus darrisii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 261 (1914)

= Euonymus dolichophyllus Koidz.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 56 (1941)

= Euonymus dorsicostatus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 40: 493 (1926)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus Dippel ex Koehne; Deutsche Dendrol. 365 (1893)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus f. lanceifolius (Loes.) C.Y.Cheng ex Q.H.Chen; Fl. Guizhouensis 2: 402 (1986)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus subsp. sieboldiana (Blume) H.Hara; Fl. E. Himalaya 639 (1966)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus var. hians (Koehne) Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 246 (1951)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus var. pubinervius S.Z.Qu & Y.H.He; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 8(4): 92 (1988)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus var. semiexsertus (Koehne) Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 246 (1951)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus var. sieboldianus (Blume) Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 22: 710 (1904)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus var. yedoensis (H.Hara) Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 247 (1951)

= Euonymus hians Koehne; Gartenfl. 33 (1904)

= Euonymus juzepczukii Leonova; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 19: 324 (1959)

= Euonymus lanceifolius Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30(5): 462 (1902)

= Euonymus majumi Siebold; Verh. Batav. Gen. 12: 49 (1830)

= Euonymus nikoensis Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 40: 492 (1926)

= Euonymus semiexsertus Koehne; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 54 (1910)

= Euonymus sieboldianus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1147 (1827)

= Euonymus sieboldianus f. albicarpus Y.N.Lee; Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 5: 12 (2005)

= Euonymus sieboldianus var. megaphyllus H.Hara; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 191 (1936)

= Euonymus sieboldianus var. sanguineus Nakai; Bot. Mag. Tokyo 50: 191 (1936)

= Euonymus sieboldianus var. sphaerocarpus Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 17: 635 (1941)

= Euonymus sieboldianus var. yedoensis H.Hara; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 191 (1936)

= Euonymus vidalii Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 312 (1879)

= Euonymus yedoensis Koehne; Gartenflora 53: 31 (1904)

= Euonymus yedoensis var. koehneanus Loes.

species :

Euonymus harmandianus Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. t. 310 (1894)

Distribution: Laos; Vietnam

41 LAO VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum harmandianum Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 310 (1894)

species :

Euonymus huae J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 96 (1997), as ´hui´

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus hukuangensis C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 94 (1997)

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus hupehensis (Loes.) Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 454 (1902)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus chinensis var. hupehensis Loes.

= Euonymus gueidingensis C.Y.Cheng; ms.

= Euonymus hupehensis var. brevipedunculatus Loes.

= Euonymus hupehensis var. longipedunculatus Loes.

= Euonymus hupehensis var. maculatus Loes.

species :

Euonymus ilicifolius Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 453 (1886)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum ilicifolium (Franch.) C.Y.Cheng; Iconogr. Cormophytorum Sinicorum 2: 239 (1983)

= Glyptopetalum illicifolium (Franch.) C.Y.Cheng & Q.S.Ma, C.Y.Cheng & P.H.Huang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 45(3): 92. pl. 17: 1 (1999)

= Pragmotessara ilicifolia (Franch.) Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 309 (1894)

species :

Euonymus impressus Blakelock; Kew Bull. 256 (1951)

Distribution: SW-Sulawesi

42 SUL

species :

Euonymus indicus B.Heyne ex Roxb.; Roxb. Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 2: 409 (1824)

Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; +Singapore; Sumatra; Sumatra (incl. Bangka Isl.); Borneo (incl. Natuna Isl.); Sulawesi (incl. Selayar); Philippines (Luzon, Alabat, Mindoro, Panay, Negros, Leyte, Samar, Camiguin, Basilan, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Sumba, Timor, Wetar); Moluccas (Talaud Isl., Halmaheira); New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

40 BAN IND 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SNG SUL SUM

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus alatus Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 4: 1484 (1912), non (Thunb.) Siebold

= Euonymus bancanus Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 513 (1861)

= Euonymus coriaceus Ridl.; Fl. Mal. Penins. 5: 299 (1925)

= Euonymus elmeri Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 12: 281 (1917)

= Euonymus goughii Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 1: t. 215 (1839)

= Euonymus horsfieldii Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36: I. 598 (1863)

= Euonymus javanicus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1146 (1827)

= Euonymus javanicus var. talungensis Pierre ex Tardieu; Lecomte, Fl. Indo-Chine, Suppl. 788 (1948)

= Euonymus javanicus var. timorensis (Zipp.) Miq.

= Euonymus micropetalus Ridl.; Fl. Mal. Penins. 5: 299 (1925)

= Euonymus sphaerocarpus Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bog. Alt. 229 (1844)

= Euonymus sumatranus Merr.; Contr. Arnold Arbor. No. 8: 92 (1934)

= Euonymus sumatranus Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1: II. 589 (1859)

= Euonymus timorensis Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 186 (1841)

species :

Euonymus integrifolius (Q.W.Lin, Z.X.Zhang & Q.R.Liu) comb.ined.

Distribution: ?S-China; Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum integrifolium Q.W.Lin, Z.X.Zhang & Q.R.Liu; Guihaia 29(2): 162 (2009)

= Microtropis poilanei Tardieu; Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine, ed. Humbert 1: 797 (1949), sine descr. lat., et in Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 14: 48 (1950)

species :

Euonymus japonicus Thunb.; Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. 3: 208 (1780), Thunb. Fl. Jap. 100 (1784)

Name: Japanese spindletree (EN), Japanisches Pfaffenhütchen (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Channel Isl. [I]; Croatia [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; China (Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Hebei, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan (Lan Yu Isl.); Pakistan [I]; Myanmar; Thailand; Cambodia; Philippines (Luzon); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Indiana [I], Louisiana [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], Virginia [I]); Colombia [I]; Bolivia [I]

11 ger slo 12 cis 13 cro 32 tkm tzk uzb 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS TAI 40 pak 41 CBD MYA THA 42 PHI 51 nzl 75 usa 78 usa 82 clm 83 bol

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus carrierei Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 495 (1892)

= Euonymus japonicus f. albomarginatus (Rehder) Hegi; 247 (1924)

= Euonymus japonicus f. argenteovariegatus (Regel) Hegi; 247 (1924)

= Euonymus japonicus f. aureovariegatus (Regel) Hegi; 247 (1924)

= Euonymus japonicus f. aureus (Rehder) Hegi; 247 (1924)

= Euonymus japonicus f. macrophylla (Regel) Beissn.; Handb. Laubholzben. 293 (1903)

= Euonymus japonicus f. mediopictus (Rehder) Hegi; 247 (1924)

= Euonymus japonicus f. pallens (Carrière) Hegi; 247 (1924)

= Euonymus japonicus f. viridivariegatus (Rehder) Hegi; 247 (1924)

= Euonymus japonicus var. acutus Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 485 (1913)

= Euonymus japonicus var. aureovariegatus Lowe

= Euonymus japonicus var. latifolia André; Rev. Hort. 1883: 234 (1883)

= Euonymus japonicus var. litoralis Konta & S.Matsumoto; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 32: 35 (2006)

= Euonymus japonicus var. longifolius Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 42(502): 451 (1928)

= Euonymus japonicus var. macrophylla Regel; Gartenflora 1: 264 (1866)

= Euonymus japonicus var. rugosus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 165 (1932)

= Euonymus pulchellus Jacob-Makoy; Nursery Cat. (L. Jacob-Makoy & Co.) 112: 30 (1868)

= Euonymus radicans var. vegetus Rehder; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 1: 129 (1903)

= Euonymus sinensis Carrière; Rev. Hort. 1883: 37 (1883)

= Euonymus yoshinagae Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 3: 3 (1913)

= Masakia japonica (Thunb.) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 11 (1949)

= Masakia japonica var. latifolia Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 24: 11 (1949)

= Masakia yoshinagae (Makino) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 24: 12 (1949)

= Pragmotessara japonica (Thunb.) Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch.: t. 309 (1895)

species :

Euonymus jinyangensis C.Y.Chang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 5(1): 85 (1985)

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus tsangshanensis C.Y.Cheng; Herb.

species :

Euonymus kachinensis Prain; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 73: 193 (1904)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar (Kachin)

36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus depressocarpus C.Y.Wu; Herb.

species :

Euonymus kanyakumariensis Murugan & Manickam; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 102(2): 198 (2006)

Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

species :

Euonymus kengmaensis C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 93 (1997)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus malipoensis C.Y.Cheng; Herb.

= Euonymus virens var. erectus C.Y.Wu; Herb.

species :

Euonymus kweichowensis C.H.Wang; Chin. J. Bot. 1: No. 1, 51 (1936)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus integrifolius Blakelock

species :

Euonymus lanceolatus Yatabe; Tokyo Bot. Mag. 6: 179 (1893)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

species :

Euonymus latifolius (L.) Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n´ 2. (1768)

Name: Breitblättriges Pfaffenhütchen (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen [I], Schleswig-Holstein [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Spain (Sa. de Cazorla); France; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of mainland south to N-Peloponnisos, also Athos, Evvoia); Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)

11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY 20 ALG MOR 33 ARM GEO 34 IRN SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus europaeus subsp. latifolius (L.) Bonnier & Layens; 63 (1894)

= Euonymus europaeus var. latifolius L.; Sp. Pl. 197 (1753)

= Euonymus latifolius (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 1: 165 (1772)

= Euonymus latifolius subsp. cauconis Coode & Cullen; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 27: 216 (1967)

= Euonymus latifolius var. eximius Beck; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 451 (1921)

= Euonymus latifolius var. kabilicus Debeaux; Fl. Kabylie [Debeaux]: 81 (1894)

= Kalonymus latifolia (L.) Prokh.; Komarov, Fl. URSS 14: 569 (1949)

species :

Euonymus lawsonii (Gamble) comb.ined.; needs a new name, non C. B. Clarke ex Prain

Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum lawsonii Gamble; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1916: 131 (1916)

species :

Euonymus lawsonii C.B.Clarke ex Prain; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 73: 195 (1904)

Distribution: Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin)

40 BAN BHU IND 41 MYA

species :

Euonymus laxicymosus C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 96 (1997)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus pedunculo-longissimus C.Y.Cheng; Herb.

= Euonymus phaeostictus C.Y.Wu; Herb.

species :

Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. ex Benth.; Hook., Lond. J. Bot. 3: 333 (1851)

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; S-India (Tamil Nadu); Myanmar (Kachin); Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 IND 41 CBD LAO MYA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus crosnieri H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: p. cxlvi. (1907)

= Euonymus cuspidatus Loes.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 77 (1900)

= Euonymus forbesianus Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30(5): 457 (-458) (1902)

= Euonymus incertus Pit.; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 874 (1912)

= Euonymus paniculatus Wight ex M.A.Lawson; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 609 (1875)

= Euonymus pellucidifolius Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 3: 57 (1913), et in Ic. Pl. Formos. 5: 16

= Euonymus rostratus W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 36 (1917)

= Euonymus rubescens Pit.; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 875 (1912)

= Euonymus sessilifolius C.Y.Cheng; Herb.

= Euonymus vaniotii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 259 (1914)

= Masakia pellucidifolia (Hayata) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 11 (1949)

species :

Euonymus leiophloeus Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 29: 11. 122 (1856)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; NE-Turkey

33 GEO NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus armasicus Gatsch.; Sakharthw. S. S. R. Mec´niereb. Akad. Moambe 10: 234 (1949)

= Euonymus ketzkhovelii Gatsch.; Sakharthw. S. S. R. Mec´niereb. Akad. Moambe 10: 232 (1949)

= Euonymus leiophloeus var. armasicus (Gatsch.) Gagnidze; Fl. Gruzii 8: 228 (1983)

= Euonymus leiophloeus var. sempervirens (Rupr. ex Boiss.) Gagnidze; Fl. Gruzii 8: 229 (1983)

= Euonymus sempervirens Rupr. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 2: 10 (1872-73)

= Kalonymus leiophloea (Steven) Prokh.; Komarov, Fl. USSR 14: 572 (1949)

species :

Euonymus lichiangensis W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 33 (1917)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus linearifolius Forrester; (non Franch.)

species :

Euonymus loheri (Merr.) comb.ined.

Distribution: SE-Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI PLW SUL

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum loheri Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 321 (1915)

species :

Euonymus longepedunculatus (Tardieu) comb.ined.

Distribution: China (Guangxi); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum longepedunculatum Tardieu; Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine, ed. Humbert 1: 783 (1949), sine descr. lat., et in Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 14: 47 (1950)

species :

Euonymus longipedicellatus Merr. & Chun; Sunyatsenia 2: 36 (1934)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus longipedicellata var. continentalis Merr. & Chun

= Glyptopetalum continentale (Chun & F.C.How) C.Y.Cheng & Q.S.Ma; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(2): 92 (1999)

= Glyptopetalum longipedicellatum (Merr. & Chun) C.Y.Cheng, C.Y.Cheng & P.H.Huang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 45(3): 90 (1999)

species :

Euonymus lucidus D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 191 (1825)

Distribution: Tibet; Pakistan (Hazara, Murree, Mirpur); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh); Bangladesh; Myanmar

36 TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus japonicus Wall.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey 2: 405 (1832) et auct. non Thunb.

= Euonymus pendulus Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 406 (1824) (nom. illeg.)

= Pragmatropa pendula (Wall.) Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 309 (1894)

= Vyenomus pendula (Wall.) C.Presl; Bot. Bemerk. 32 (1844) (in Abh. Boehm. Ges. V. 3: 462 (1845))

species :

Euonymus lushanensis F.H.Chen & M.C.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 3: 239 (1954)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus acanthocarpus var. lushanensis (F.H.Chen & M.C.Wang) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 23 (1999)

= Euonymus furfuraceus Q.H.Chen; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 21: 167 (1999)

species :

Euonymus lutchuensis Ito; Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 12: 372 (1899)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.

38 NNS

Synonyms: hidden

= Masakia lutchuensis (Ito) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 11 (1949)

species :

Euonymus maackii Rupr.; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 15: 358 (1857)

Name: Winterberry euonymus (EN)

Distribution: Europe [I]; Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); Tajikistan [I]; China (Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia [I], Qinghai [I], Shaanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan [I], Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; USA [I] (Florida [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], South Carolina [I])

30 SIB 31 RFE 32 tzk 36 CHI 37 MON 38 KOR NKO 74 usa 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus bodinieri H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 261 (1914)

= Euonymus bungeanus Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 470, adnot. (1859)

= Euonymus bungeanus var. latifolius Chen H.Wang

= Euonymus bungeanus var. mongolicus (Nakai) Chen H.Wang

= Euonymus bungeanus var. ovatus F.H.Chen & M.C.Wang

= Euonymus coreanus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. 8: 284 (1910)

= Euonymus forbesii Hance; J. Bot. 18: 259 (1880)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus var. maackii (Rupr.) Kom.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 22: 710 (1904)

= Euonymus hamiltonianus var. semipersistens Rehder

= Euonymus maackii f. lanceolatus Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 22: 578 (1941)

= Euonymus maackii f. salicifolius T.Chen; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 6(2): 159 (1986)

= Euonymus maackii var. trichophyllus Y.B.Chang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 1(3): 95 (1981)

= Euonymus micranthus Bunge; Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 14 (1833) non D. Don

= Euonymus mongolicus Nakai; Rep. Ist. Sci. Exped. Chinese Manchuria, 1933. Sect. IV. 1. (Pl. Nov. Jehol. 1.) 7(1934)

= Euonymus oukiakensis Pamp.; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. It. 17: 419 (1910)

= Euonymus quelpaertensis Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 130, nomen, et in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 1914 28: 307, descr. (1913)

= Euonymus rugosus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 261 (1914)

= Euonymus semipersistens (Rehder) Sprague ex Bean; Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles 1: 543 (1914)

= Euonymus trapococcus Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27, nomen, et in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 1914 28: 307, descr. (1913)

species :

Euonymus macrocarpus Gamble ex Oliv.; Hook. Icon. pl. 18: t. 1763 (1888)

Distribution: Bhutan; India (Darjeeling, Sikkim)

40 BHU IND

species :

Euonymus macropterus Rupr.; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 15: 359 (1857)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus ussuriensis Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 27: 449 (1882)

= Kalonymus macroptera (Rupr.) Prokh.; Komarov, Fl. USSR 14: 573 (1949)

= Turibana macroptera (Rupr.) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 13 (1949)

species :

Euonymus marivelensis Elmer; Leafl. Philip. Bot. 7: 2580 (1915)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Catanduanes, Cebu); Lesser Sunda Isl.

42 LSI PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum marivelense (Elmer) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 321 (1915)

= Glyptopetalum reticulatum Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 12: 277 (1917)

species :

Euonymus melananthus Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 312 (1879)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

38 JAP

species :

Euonymus mexicanus Benth.; Pl. Hartw. 36 (1840)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus hernandezii Lundell; Phytologia 63(2): 73 (1987)

species :

Euonymus microcarpus (Oliv. ex Loes.) Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 35 (1908)

Distribution: China (Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus aureovirens Hand.-Mazz.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 85: 216 (1936)

= Euonymus chinensis var. microcarpus Oliv. ex Loes.

= Euonymus weisiensis C.Y.Wu; herb.

= Euonymus zogangensis Y.R.Li; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 1100 (1993), without latin descr. or type (1993)

species :

Euonymus moluccensis Blakelock ex Ding Hou; Fl. Males., Ser. 1, 6: 254 (1963)

Distribution: Moluccas (Morotai)

42 MOL

species :

Euonymus myrianthus Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 210 (1893)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus lipoensis Z.R.Xu; Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni, 1987(2): 44 (1987)

= Euonymus myrianthus var. crassifolius (Loes.) Blakelock

= Euonymus myrianthus var. tenuifolius (Loes.) Blakelock

= Euonymus myrianthus var. tenuis C.Y.Cheng; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14(4): 350, t. 2 (1994)

= Euonymus rosthornii Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 437 (1900)

= Euonymus rosthornii var. crassifolius Loes.

= Euonymus rosthornii var. tenuifolius Loes.

= Euonymus sargentianus Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 487 (1913)

species :

Euonymus nanoides Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 492 (1913)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus nanoides var. oresbius (W.W.Sm.) Y.R.Li; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 1098 (1993)

= Euonymus oresbius W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 34 (1917)

= Euonymus pachycladus Hand.-Mazz.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 58: 147 (1921)

species :

Euonymus nanus M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 160 (1820)

Name: Zwerg-Pfaffenhütchen (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Romania; Ukraine; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Turkey (W-Anatolia); China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi); Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I])

11 ger 13 ROM 14 UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 33 NCS 34 TUR 36 CHI 72 cdn

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus koopmannii Lauche; Garten Zeit. 2: 112, t. (3), f. 2 (1883)

= Euonymus linifolius Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 491 (Evonymus) (1892)

= Euonymus rosmarinifolius Vis.; Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. Lett. Arti, ser. 3, 4: 141 (1938)

species :

Euonymus nitidus Benth.; London J. Bot. 1: 483 (1842)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea; Bangladesh; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam

36 CHI 38 KOR 40 BAN 41 CBD LAO VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus chengiae var. yangxiensis Y.S.Ye & L.F.Wu; J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 20(5): 526 (2012)

= Euonymus chinensis Lindl.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 6: 74 (1825)

= Euonymus chinensis var. nitidus (Benth.) Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 456 (1902)

= Euonymus esquirolii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 261 (1914)

= Euonymus flavescens Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 437 (1900)

= Euonymus lindleyi K.Koch; Hort. Dendrol. 212, No. 18 (1853)

= Euonymus merrillii C.H.Wang; Contrib. Bot. Surv. N.-W. China 1: 34 (1939)

= Euonymus merrillii var. longipetiolatus Chen H.Wang

= Euonymus nantoensis Loes. ex Hand.-Mazz.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. lii. Abt. B. 168, pro syn. (1934)

= Euonymus oblongifolius Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 486 (1913)

= Euonymus punctatus Wall.; Numer. List: no. 4286 (1831)

= Euonymus uniflorus H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Agric. Sci. Arts Sarthe, repr. 5 (1904)

species :

Euonymus obovatus Nutt.; Gen. Am. 1: 155 (1818)

Name: Running strawberry bush

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, North Carolina, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus americanus var. obovatus (Nutt.) Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 494 (1892)

species :

Euonymus occidentalis Nutt. ex Torr.; Pacif. Rail. Rep. 4: 74 (1857)

subspecies :

subsp. occidentalis

Name: Western burning bush

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus acuminatus Raf.; New Fl. 3: 59 (1838)

= Euonymus atropurpureus Hook.; Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 119 (1833)

= Euonymus cuneatus Raf.; New Fl. 3: 59 (1838)

subspecies :

subsp. parishii (Trel.) R.M.Beauch.; Phytologia 59(7): 438 (1986)

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus parishii Trel.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 5: 354 (1889 publ. 1892)

= Euonymus occidentalis subsp. parishii (Trel.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 5 (1983)

= Euonymus occidentalis var. parishii (Trel.) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. (Jeps.) 610 (1925)

species :

Euonymus oxyphyllus Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 86 (1865)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl.); China (Anhui, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus flavescens Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 18: 605 (1942)

= Euonymus latifolius (Scop.) A.Gray; Mem. Am. Acad. N. S. 6: 384 (1857)

= Euonymus laxiflorus Blume ex Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 86 (1865)

= Euonymus nipponicus Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 27: 447 (1881)

= Euonymus oxyphyllus var. magnus Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49(587): 789 (1935)

= Euonymus oxyphyllus var. nipponicus Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 279 (1951)

= Euonymus oxyphyllus var. yesoensis Blakelock; Kew Bull. 1951: 279 (1951)

= Euonymus yesoensis f. magnus H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 3: 89 (1954)

= Euonymus yesoensis Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 13 (1930)

= Kalonymus oxyphylla (Miq.) F.T.Wang & S.X.Li; T. N. Liou, Ill. Fl. Ligneous Pl. N. E. China: 380 (1958)

= Kalonymus oxyphyllus (Miq.) Prokh.; Fl. URSS 14: 568 (1949)

= Kalonymus yesoensis (Koidz.) Prokh.; Fl. URSS 14: 568 (1949)

= Pragmotessara latifolia Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch.: t. 309 (1895)

= Turibana nipponica (Maxim.) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 24: 12 (1949)

= Turibana oxyphylla (Miq.) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 12 (1949)

= Turibana yesoensis (Koidz.) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 24: 12 (1949)

species :

Euonymus palawanensis (Merr.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Borneo; Palawan; Philippines (Cuyo: Pamalican)

42 BOR PHI PLW

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum palawanense Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 26: 466 (1925)

species :

Euonymus pallidifolius Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 3: 57 (1913)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum pallidifolium (Hayata) Q.R.Liu & S.Y.Meng; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(2): 186 (2011)

species :

Euonymus parasimilis C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 96 (1997)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus percoriaceus C.Y.Wu ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 97 (1997)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus phellomanus Loes. ex Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 444 (1900)

Name: Corktree (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; China (Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I])

11 ger 36 CHI 75 usa

species :

Euonymus pittosporoides C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 3(2): 232 (1998)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus tenuipes C.Y.Wu; Herb.

species :

Euonymus pleurostylioides (Loes.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madag., ed. Humbert, Fam. 116, 6 (1946)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus elaeodendroides var. pleurostylioides Loes.

species :

Euonymus poilanei (Tardieu) comb.ined.

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum poilanei Tardieu; Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine, ed. Humbert 1: 785 (1949), sine descr. lat., et in Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 14: 47 (1950)

species :

Euonymus potingensis Chun & F.C.How ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 94 (1997)

Distribution: China (Hainan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus pseudovagans Pit.; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 871 (1912)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

species :

Euonymus quadrangularis (Prain) comb.ined.

Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; +Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo (Sarawak)

41 LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR MLY SNG SUM

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum quadrangulare Prain ex King; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 65: 345 (1896)

species :

Euonymus recurvans Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 513 (1861)

Distribution: Sumatra

42 SUM

species :

Euonymus rehderianus Loes.; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 488 (1913)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus bicolor H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 260 (1914)

= Euonymus proteus H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 260 (1914)

species :

Euonymus revolutus Wight; Illustr. 1: 178 (1840)

Distribution: Sri Lanka

40 SRL

species :

Euonymus rhytidophyllus Chun & F.C.How; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7(1): 51. pl. 17. fig. 1 (1958)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum rhytidophyllum (Chun & F.C.How) C.Y.Cheng, C.Y.Cheng & P.H.Huang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 45(3): 89 (1999)

species :

Euonymus rothschuhii Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23(1-2): 125 (1896)

Distribution: Nicaragua

80 NIC

species :

Euonymus sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 446 (1881)

Name: Sachalin-Pfaffenhütchen (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)

11 ger 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus latifolius var. planipes Koehne; Gartenflora 53(2): 29 (1904)

= Euonymus latifolius var. sachalinensis F.Schmidt; Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg, Ser. 7, 12: 121 (1868)

= Euonymus macroptera var. miniata (Tolm.) Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada (Moscow). 84: 33 (1972)

= Euonymus macropterus var. miniatus (Tolm.) Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 84: 33 (1972)

= Euonymus maximowicziana (Prokh.) Vorosch.; Seed List State Bot. Gard. Acad. Sci. URSS 9: 64 (1954)

= Euonymus miniatus Tolm.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 18: 159 (1957)

= Euonymus oxyphyllus var. kuenburgii Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 47: 297 (1933)

= Euonymus planipes (Koehne) Koehne; Mitteil. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges., 62 (1906)

= Euonymus planipes subsp. maximowiczianus (Prokh.) Nedol.; Konsp. Dendrofl. Ross. Dal´nego Vostoka 94 (1995)

= Euonymus robusta Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 130, nomen, et in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 1914 28: 307, descr. (1913)

= Kalonymus maximowicziana Prokh.; Komarov, Fl. USSR 14: 744 (1949)

= Kalonymus miniata (Tolm.) Prokh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 20: 412 (1960)

= Kalonymus sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Prokh.; Komarov, Fl. USSR 14: 571 (1949)

= Turibana planipes (Koehne) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 13 (1949)

= Turibana sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 13 (1949)

variant :

var. tricarpus (Koidz.) Kudô; Bull. Forest Kyushu Imp. Univ. I: 76 (1931)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)

31 RFE 38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus tricarpus Koidz.; Ic. Pl. Koisikav. 3: 77, t. 184 (1916)

= Turibana tricarpa (Koidz.) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 13 (1949)

species :

Euonymus salicifolius Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 458 (1902)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus georgei Comber; Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 18: 242 (1934)

= Euonymus lawsonii f. salicifolius (Loes.) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 42 (1999)

species :

Euonymus sanguineus Loes. ex Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 441 (1900)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus monbeigii W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 34 (1917)

= Euonymus sanguineus var. brevipedunculatus Loes.

= Euonymus sanguineus var. camptoneurus Loes. ex Diels

= Euonymus sanguineus var. lanceolatus S.Z.Qu & Y.H.He; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 8(4): 95 (1988)

= Euonymus sanguineus var. laxa Loes.

= Euonymus sanguineus var. orthoneurus Loes. ex Diels

= Euonymus sanguineus var. pachyphyllus Pamp.

= Euonymus sanguineus var. paedidus L.M.Wang; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 33: 840 (2013)

species :

Euonymus schensianus Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 444 (1881)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus haoi Loes. ex C.H.Wang; Chin. J. Bot. 1: No. 1, 50 (1936), sine descr. lat.

species :

Euonymus scherocarpus Kurz; Jour. As. Soc. Beng. 1872. pt. 2: 299 (1872)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum scherocarpum (Kurz) M.A.Lawson; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 613 (1875)

species :

Euonymus sclerocarpus Kurz; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 41: II. 299 (1872)

Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Mandalay); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam

41 CBD MYA THA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum sclerocarpum (Kurz) M.A.Lawson; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 613 (1875)

species :

Euonymus semenovii Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 39: I. 557 (1866)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus przewalskii Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 27: 451 (1881)

species :

Euonymus serratifolius Bedd.; For. Man. Bot. p. 64 (1870)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Yunnan); S-India (Tamil Nadu, Kerala)

36 CHI 40 IND

species :

Euonymus sootepensis Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 148 (1912)

Distribution: N- & peninsular Thailand

41 THA

species :

Euonymus spraguei Hayata; Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 30: Art. 1, 59 (1911), et Ic. Pl. Formos. 1: 137 (1911), et in Ic. Pl. Formos. 5: 18

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus kuraruensis Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 9: 12 (1920)

species :

Euonymus stixifolius Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. t. 310 (1894)

Distribution: Laos; Vietnam

41 LAO VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum stixifolium (Pierre) Pierre; Fl. For. Cochinch. sub t. 310 (1894)

species :

Euonymus subcordatus (Ding Hou) comb.ined.

Distribution: SW-Thailand

41 THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum subcordatum Ding Hou; Blumea 12: 57 (1963)

species :

Euonymus subcordatus J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 95 (1997)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus subsulcatus Prain; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 73: 194 (1904)

Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Mon, Shan, Taninthayi)

41 MYA

species :

Euonymus szechuanensis C.H.Wang; Contrib. Bot. Surv. N.-W. China 1: 49 (1939)

Distribution: China (Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus tashiroi Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peterb. 31: 23 (1887)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan

38 NNS TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus acutorhombifolius Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 3: 56 (1913), et 9: 9 (1920), descr. ampl.

= Euonymus matsudae Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 15 (1920)

= Glyptopetalum acutorhombifolium (Hayata) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 17: 619 (1941)

= Glyptopetalum matsudae (Hayata) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 17: 619 (1941)

= Masakia tashiroi (Maxim.) Nakai; Journ. Jap. Bot. 24: 12 (1949)

species :

Euonymus tenuiserratus C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 3(2): 232 (1998)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus ternifolius Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 659 (1933)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus theacolus C.Y.Cheng; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14(4): 349-350, t. 1 (1994)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand

36 CHI 40 BAN 41 MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus coriaceifolius C.Y.Wu; Herb.

= Euonymus ilicioides C.Y.Cheng; Herb.

= Euonymus omeishanensis C.Y.Cheng; nom. nud.

species :

Euonymus theifolius Wall.; [Cat. 151, n. 4293 (1831), nom. nud.] ex M. A. Lawson in Fl. Br. lnd. 1: 612 (1875)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Kachin); Thailand

36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus paravagans Z.M.Gu & C.Y.Cheng; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 11(3): 19-21, f. 1-4 (1991)

= Euonymus yangbiensis C.Y.Cheng; Herb.

= Pragmotessara theifolia (Wall. ex M.A.Lawson) Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch.: t. 309 (1895)

species :

Euonymus thorelii (Pit.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Laos; Vietnam

41 LAO VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum thorelii Pit.; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 867 (1912)

species :

Euonymus tibeticus W.W.Sm.; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 4(5): 264 (1911)

Distribution: SE-Tibet; N-India (Sikkim)

36 TIB 40 IND

species :

Euonymus tingens Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 406 (1824)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh); N-Myanmar (Chin, Kachin)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

species :

Euonymus tonkinensis (Loes.) Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 453 (1902)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi); Laos; Vietnam

36 CHI 41 LAO VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus chinensis var. tonkinensis Loes.

species :

Euonymus tonkinensis (Pit.) comb.ined.

Distribution: N-Vietnam

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum tonkinense Pit.; Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 865 (1912)

species :

Euonymus tsoi Merr.; Sunyatsenia 1: 198 (1934)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus nitidus f. tsoi (Merr.) C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 45(3): 56 (1999)

= Euonymus kwangtungensis C.Y.Cheng; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 45(3): 60 (1999)

= Euonymus longifolius Champ. ex Benth.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 332 (1851), non Medik.

species :

Euonymus vaganoides C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 93 (1997)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus vagans Wall.; Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 412 (1824)

subspecies :

subsp. vagans

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus compacticymosus C.Y.Cheng; Herb.

= Euonymus echinatus var. vagans (Wall.) R.C.Srivast.; Fl. Sikkim (Ranunculac.-Moringac.): 252 (1998)

= Euonymus jinfoshanensis Z.M.Gu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 31(2): 176-178, f. 1: 1-3 (1993)

= Euonymus jinggangshanensis M.X.Nie; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 10(4): 25-26, f. 1 (1990)

= Euonymus micranthus D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 191 (1825)

= Euonymus pseudosootepensis Y.R.Li & S.K.Wu; Acta Bot. Yunnanica 3(3): 354 (1981)

subspecies :

subsp. macrophyllus Kanjilal; Fl. Assam 1: 264 (1936)

Distribution: India (Assam)

40 IND

species :

Euonymus velutinus (C.A.Mey.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 337 (1838)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran)

32 TKM 33 ARM AZE 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus europaeus L. var. velutinus C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Caucasus 134 (1831)

species :

Euonymus venosus Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 210 (1893)

Distribution: China (Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus verrucocarpus C.Y.Cheng ex J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 3(2): 231 (1998)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus parvilimbus C.Y.Wu; Herb.

species :

Euonymus verrucosoides Loes.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 462 (1902)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus alatus var. apertus Loes.

= Euonymus striatus var. apertus Loes.

= Euonymus verrucosoides var. apertus (Loes.) C.Y.Wu; Fl. Xizang. 3: 121 (1986), without basionym ref.

= Euonymus verrucosoides var. viridiflorus Loes. & Rehder

species :

Euonymus verrucosus Scop.; Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 1: 166 (1772)

Name: Warziges Pfaffenhütchen (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (incl. Thasos, south to Mt. Olimbos); Estonia [I]; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); China (Heilongjiang, Gansu, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu)

11 AUT CZE ger HUN POL SLO 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR est KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 31 RFE 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus europaeus var. verrucosus (Scop.) Merrem; 102 (1809)

= Euonymus integerrimus Prokh.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 14: 240 (1951)

= Euonymus oligospermus Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 5: 185 (1936)

= Euonymus pauciflorus Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 74 (1859)

= Euonymus pauciflorus var. chinensis (Maxim.) Rehder

= Euonymus pauciflorus var. japonicus Koidz. & Ohwi; (1936)

= Euonymus verrucosus f. angustifolius (Syr.) Gancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 7: 493 (1979)

= Euonymus verrucosus f. cordatus Gancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 7: 493 (1979)

= Euonymus verrucosus f. parvifolius Gancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 7: 493 (1979)

= Euonymus verrucosus var. chinensis Maxim.

= Euonymus verrucosus var. pauciflorus (Maxim.) Regel; (1861)

species :

Euonymus verticillatus (Q.R.Liu & S.Y.Meng) comb.ined.

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum verticillatum Q.R.Liu & S.Y.Meng; Phytotaxa 234(2): 186 (2015)

species :

Euonymus viburnoides Prain; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 73: 194 (1904)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan); Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar

36 CHI 40 BHU IND 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus chengkangensis C.W.Wang; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Peiping, Bot. Ser. 10: 283 (1941)

= Euonymus crenatus C.H.Wang; Contrib. Bot. Surv. N.-W. China 1: 31 (1939)

= Euonymus forrestii Comber ex Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 663 (1933), nomen, Comber in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 18: 242 (1934), descr.

= Euonymus leishanensis Q.H.Chen; Acta Bot. Yunnanica 21(2): 168 (1999)

= Euonymus saxicola Loes. & Rehder; Sarg., Pl. Wilson. 1: 491 (1913)

= Euonymus saxicolus var. petiolatus C.Y.Cheng; ms.

species :

Euonymus vidalii (Savinov) comb.ined.

Distribution: Thailand; Laos

41 LAO THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum vidalii Savinov; Reinwardtia 14(1): 187 (2014)

species :

Euonymus walkeri Wight; Illustr. 1: 178 (1858)

Distribution: Sri Lanka

40 SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus zeylanicus Moon; Cat. Pl. Ceylon: 17 (1824) (nom. nud.)

species :

Euonymus wilsonii Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 180 (1908)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus wrayi King; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 65: 344 (1896)

Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Selangor); Sumatra

42 MLY SUM

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus rufulus Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 75: 19 (1917)

species :

Euonymus wui J.S.Ma; Harvard Pap. Bot. 10: 97 (1997)

Distribution: China (SW-Guangxi, S-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Euonymus wulinensis S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 5: 315 (2022)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Euonymus yakushimensis Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 248 (1909)

Distribution: Japan (Kyushu, Yakushima Isl.)

38 JAP NNS

species :

Euonymus yunnanensis Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 454 (1886)

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Euonymus decorus W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 32 (1917)

= Euonymus linearifolius Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 33: 455 (1886)

= Euonymus pinchuanensis Loes.

= Euonymus pulvinatus Chun & F.C.How; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7: 50 (1958)

species :

Euonymus zeylanicus (Thwaites) comb.ined.

Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka

40 IND SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum zeylanicum Thwaites; Hook., Lond. J. Bot. 8: 268 (1856)

variant :

var. brevipedicellatus (Ding Hou) comb.ined.

Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Pahang)

42 MLY

Synonyms: hidden

= Glyptopetalum zeylanicum var. brevipedicellatum Ding Hou; Fl. Males. 6: 258 (1962)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (2)

Genus (100)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species, 8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms, in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]