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Neotrombicula autumnalis
Synonym(s): Trombicula autumnalis
Introduction
Classification
Taxonomy
- Kingdom: Animalia.
- Phylum: Arthropoda.
- Class: Arachnida.
- Order: Acari.
- Family: Trombiculidae.
- Subfamily: Trombiculinae.
- Genus:Neotrombicula.
- Species:autumnalis.
- Subspecies:autumnalis.
- Scientific name: Neotrombicula autumnalis autumnalis.
Etymology
- Neotrombicula autumnalis autumnalis.
Distribution
- Western Europe to Eastern Asia.
- The mite has not been found in the Nearctic region, and only isolated populations have been observed in the Palaearctic region.
- Not seen in Australia.
Significance
- There are several hundred different species of Trombiculidae (chigger) mites recognized across the world.
- Only a small number of Trombiculidae mites cause disease in man and animals.
- Only the larval stages are parasitic to mammals. The remainder of the life cycle is completed in the environment with the nymphal and adult stages feeding on insect and vegetable matter.
- The larvae feed for 2-10 days using their chelicerae to inject lytic enzymes into the upper layers of the skin and to ingest the digested cells.
- N.autumnalisis the most familiar pathogenic Trombiculidae mite in Europe.
- The animals most frequently infested are small rodents and dogs.
- Mite larvae of the species N.autumnaliscause autumnal erythema (trombiculiasis or trombidiosis), a short lasting pruritic dermatitis in humans. This occurs in people who visit meadows or woods during the summer or autumn. Transmission from rabbits to humans does not appear to have been recorded.
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Clinical Effects
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Diagnosis
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Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.
- Parcell B J, Sharpe G, Jones B et al (2013) Conjunctivitis induced by a red bodies mite, Neotrombicula autumnalis. Parasite 20, 25 PubMed.
- Schöler A, Maier W & Kampen H (2006) Multiple environmental factor analysis in habitats of the Harvest mite Neotrombicula autumnalis (Acari: Trombiculidae) suggests extraordinarily high euryoecious biology. Exp Appl Acarology 39 (1), 41-62 PubMed.
- Guarneri F, Pugliese A, Guidice E et al (2005) Trombiculiasis: clinical contribution. Eur J Derm 15 (6), 495-496 PubMed.
- Kampen H, Schöler A, Metzen M et al (2004) Neotrombicula autumnalis (Acari, Trombiculidae) as a vector for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato? Exp Appl Acarology 33 (1-2), 93-102 PubMed.
- Fernández-Soto P, Pérez-Sánchez R & Encinas-Grandes A (2001) Molecular detection of Ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup organisms in larvae of Neotrombicula autumnalis (Acari: Trombiculidae) captured in Spain. J Parasitol 87 (6), 1482-1483 PubMed.
- Nuttall T J, French A T, Cheetham H C et al (1998) Treatment of Trombicula autumnalis infestation in dogs and cats with a 0.25% fipronil pump spray. J Small Anim Pract 39 (5), 237-239 PubMed.
- Vater G (1982) The geographical distribution of the harvest mite Neotrombicula autumnalis (Acari: Trombiculidae). Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere 109 (3), 329-356 VetMedResource.
- Sasa M (1961) Biology of chiggers. Ann Rev Ent 6, 221-244 AnnualReviews.
- Keay G (1937) The Ecology of the Harvest Mite (Trombicula autumnalis) in the British Isles. J Anim Ecol 6 (1), 22-35 VetMedResource.
Other sources of information
- Varga M (2014) Skin diseases. In:Textbook of Rabbit Medicine.2nd edn. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford. ISBN: 9780702049798.
- Shatrov A B & Kudryashova N I (2007) Taxonomy, Lifecycles and the Origin of Parasitism in Trombiculid Mites. In:Micromammals & Macroparasites From Evolutionary Ecology to Management. Eds: Morand S, Krasnov B R & Poulin R. Springer, Japan. pp 119-140.
- Wilkinson D C (2004) Population Biology, Ectoparasites and Myxomatosis: A Longitudinal Study of a Free-living Population of European Wild RabbitsOryctolagus cuniculus(L.) in East Anglia. PhD thesis, University of East Anglia.
- Harcourt-Brown F (2002) Skin diseases. In:Textbook of Rabbit Medicine. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK. pp 224-248.
- Hofing G L & Kraus A L (1994) Arthropod and Helminth Parasites. In:The Biology of the Laboratory Rabbit. 2nd edn. Eds: Manning P J, Ringler D H & Newcomer C E. Academic Press. pp 231-258.