Olea europaea – Olive

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Oleaceae

Olea europaea – Olive

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The olive is a very well-known small to medium-size tree that has spread quickly towards North-West Europe as a cultivated plant. The somewhat tangled, dense branching eventually forms a round to fan-shaped crown that usually attains maximum height of 5 to 6 m. The young shoots are silver grey turning dark brown as they mature. The bark of older trees is silvery grey and grooved. The evergreen opposed leaves are dark green on top and silver grey on the underside. In summer the small, sweet, fragrant green-yellow flowers open in axillary panicles. Mainly in warmer climates they are followed by the familiar olives. It takes a year for the fruits to fully ripen and turn from light green to olive green or black. Very wind resistant and tolerates sea wind. Needs a nutrient-rich, very well-drained soil and does not tolerate stagnant water around the roots. Clearly warmth-loving tree for dry, sunny sites.

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Specifications
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Height
5 - 10 m
Crown
round to fan-shaped, dark, dense crown, capricious growing
Bark and branches
twigs silver grey on emerging, later dark brown, bark silvery grey, grooved
Leaf
opposed, evergreen, elongated to narrow obovate, grey-green, underside silver grey, 2 - 8 cm
Flowers
in axillar♂ panicles, yellow-white, June/August
Fruits
elliptical to almost round drupe, olive green to black, 1 - 3 cm, edible fruits
Spines/thorns
None
Toxicity
usually not toxic to people, (large) pets and livestock
Soil type
nutrient-rich, very well-drained soil
Soil moisture
suitable for dry soil
Paving
tolerates no paving
Winter hardiness zone
8b (-9,4,5 to -6,7 °C)
Wind resistance
very good
Other resistances
can withstand wind
Application
tree containers, roof gardens, coastal areas, small gardens, patio gardens
Shape
clearstem tree, multi-stem treem, halfstem fruit tree
Origin
Mediterranean area, eastwards to Saudi Arabia
Clear stem tree Halfstem fruit tree Multi-stem tree calcareous soil sandy soil tolerates no paving suitable for dry soil can withstand wind 2nd size, between 6 and 12 metres dense crown greygreen white yellow average growing non-toxic (usually) Capricious growing Ornamental fruit Edible fruits playground tree
Frequently asked questions
Olea europaea

Olea europaea can eventually reach a height of 5 - 10 m, depending on the site and climate conditions.

Olea europaea is average growing and can eventually reach a height of 5 - 10 m, depending on the site and climate conditions.

The right time to plant Olea europaea is during the dormancy period. In Western Europe, Olea europaea with root balls can generally be planted from mid-November to late April, although this depends strongly on the climatic conditions and the species of tree.

Olea europaea blooms in june, july, august.
General