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The genus Lophanthus Adans. is recorded for the first time from Turkey. Specimens collected from Van province, east Anatolia, are described here as the new species Lophanthus turcicus Dirmenci, Yıldız & Hedge. Diagnostic characteristics that distinguish it from allied species are presented; a description, distribution map, and taxonomic comments ar...
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... discovery of Lophanthus turcicus is a significant and disjunct extension of the range of the genus, and its most western locality. Geographically, the nearest species are in northern and western Iran. It is an isolated species (Figure 2) and clearly different from other species in Lophanthus sect. Psilonepeta (Table). Nonetheless, according to specimens examined and the key of sect. Psilonepeta (as Nepeta) in Flora Iranica, it has some similarities with 2 Iranian species, namely L. laxiflorus and L. archibaldii, in facies, leaves, calyx, and corolla size (Figure 3). The former is known from several gatherings; the latter is a poorly known species only known from a solitary very high altitude gathering and we have related our new species to it with some ...
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... Lophanthus plants (Lamiaceae), composed of 23 species of perennial herbs or sub-shrubs, are distributed over alpine in Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, central Asia, China, and Mongolia. Although the genus Lophanthus is considered to be very closely related to the well-studied genus Nepeta [54,55], we learned in our survey that the aerial parts of L. chinensis Benth. have been used for the treatment of dizziness, fevers, and inflammatory diseases in Mongolia. ...
Traditional herbal medicines, which have been used in the matured traditional medical systems as well as those have been used in ethnic medical systems, are invaluable resources of drug seeds. Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological survey may provide useful information of these herbal medicines, which are valuable for searching new bioactive molecules. From this viewpoint, we have been performing the ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological field studies in Yunnan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, and Mongolia. Phytochemical studies on traditional herbal medicines were performed based on the information obtained by our ethnobotanical survey. Herbal medicines used in Uzbekistan and Bangladesh were also investigated on the basis of the ethnopharmacological information obtained from collaborative researchers in the respective regions. Some studies were carried out for searching active substance(s) based on bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation. Over 150 new molecules were isolated in these studies, and their various biological activities were also demonstrated. This review summarizes the results of phytochemical studies of those traditional herbal medicines as well as biological activities of the isolated molecules.
Graphic abstract
... Later on, the existing plant samples in VANF herbarium were traced and endemic taxa a belonging to Van Lake basin were listed together with the necessary information about the taxa. Meanwhile the related literature (Behçet, 2001;Doğan and Akaydın, 2004;Özgökçe et al., 2005;Sutorý, 2005;Akan et al., 2008;Karabacak and Behçet, 2009;Dirmenci et al., 2010;Eker and Babaç, 2010;Yıldırım et al., 2011;Yıldız et al., 2011;İlçim et al., 2013;Vitek et al., 2014;Yıldırırm, 2014;Doğan et. al., 2015;Tekşen and Karaman, 2015;Fırat and Yıldız, 2016;Gültepe et al., 2016;Fırat, 2017a,b;Pınar, 2017) concerning the endemic plant taxa of Van Lake basin were also traced, and an endemic plant list with 259 taxa was created. ...
This study was carried out on endemic plants collected from the Lake Van basin between 1994 and 2002. As a result, 98 endemic taxa, 23 of which grow only in the Lake Van basin, were determined. Including the endemic taxa reported before from the region, a list of 259 endemic taxa belonging to 34 families and 117 genera were compiled. Twenty-three of 259 taxa listed, are unique to the Lake Van Basin. There are 249 endemic taxa in the VANF Herbarium. The authors collected 98 of them. The other 151 endemic taxa were determined by other researchers. Ten endemic taxa were recorded from the literature. In addition to the features in the Flora of Turkey, new features and variations of nine endemic taxa identified. Total 612 images and 200 pictures belonging to 98 endemic taxa scanned and transferred to computer. All images were uploaded to the web page, Virtual Herbarium of the Lake Van Basin, which is also a part of VANF Herbarium.
... has 23 species and mostly distributed in China, Mongolia, Afghanistan and Central Asia (Harley et al., 2004). Dirmenci et al. (2010) Serpooshan et al. (2017), a complete DNA sequencing of Lophanthus species with Nepeta and Hymenocrater may provide more resolved phylogenetic tree and more accurate interpretation on taxonomy of the genera. Until we will have more data about Lophanthus turcicus, we accepted it as a valid species in this study. ...
Lamiaceae is the third largest family based on the taxon number and fourth largest family based on the species number in Turkey. The family has 48 genera and 782 taxa (603 species, 179 subspecies and varieties), 346 taxa (271 species, 75 subspecies and varieties) of which are endemic (ca. 44%) (data updated 1 th February 2017) in the country. There are also 23 hybrid species, 19 of which are endemic (82%). The results proven that Turkey is one of the centers of diversity for Lamiaceae in the Old World. In addition, Turkey has about 10% of all Lamiaceae members in the World. The largest five genera in the country based on the taxon number are Stachys (118 taxa), Salvia (107 taxa), Sideritis (54 taxa), Phlomis (53 taxa) and Teucrium (49 taxa). According to taxon number, five genera with the highest endemism ratio are Dorystaechas (1 taxon, 100%), Lophantus (1 taxon, 100%), Sideritis (54 taxa, 74%), Drymosiphon (9 taxa, 67%), and Marrubium (27 taxa, 63%). There are two monotypic genera in Turkey as Dorystaechas and Pentapleura. Turkey sits on the junction of three phytogeographic regions with highly diverse climate and the other ecologic features. Phytogeographic distribution of Turkish Lamiaceae taxa are 293 taxa in the Mediterranean (37.4%), 267 taxa in the Irano-Turanian (36.7%), 90 taxa in the Euro-Siberian (Circumboreal) phytogeographic region, and 112 taxa in Unknown or Multiregional (14.3%) phytogeographical elements. In the Mediterranean phytogeographic region 61% of the taxa, in the Irano-Turanian phytogeographic region 50% of the taxa, and in the Euro-Siberian (Circumboreal) phytogeographic region 13% of the taxa are endemic. Some endemic taxa are widely distributed in the country, so their phytogeograhic elements are not clearly defined, the endemism ratio of these taxa are 13%. In time, species of Lamiaceae genera are migrated from one phytogeographic region to another one and specialised in specific habitats in the country. Salvia, Stachys, Sideritis, Phlomis, Teucrium, Thymus, Nepeta, Scutellaria, Origanum and Marrubium are species rich genera in Turkey. Particulary, most of Old Wold species of Salvia, Stachys, Origanum, Marrubium, Ballota, Lamium and Drymosiphon naturally grow in Turkey. These genera have also quite high endemism ratio with Phlomis, Scutellaria, Thymus, Nepeta and Satureja. Due to high taxon number and endemism ratio, different habitats, climates and soil types, high altitutinal range and diverse pollinators, it is clear that Turkey is a very good example for evolution and speciation of Lamiaceae family in the Old World.
... Lophanthus includes 23 species in alpine regions of China, Mongolia, Afghanistan and central Asia, with eastern Turkey as the western limit of its distribution (Dirmenci et al. 2010). Several authors have proposed a close relationship between Nepeta and Lophanthus. ...
Assumptions about the phylogenetic relationships of Hymenocrater and closely related genera were tested using nrITS and plastid trnL intron and trnL-F intergenic spacer DNA sequences datasets. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis based on the sequence data of 62 species belonging to Hymenocrater, Lophanthus, Marmoritis and Nepeta along with representatives of the rest Nepetinae using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. All our results confirm the monophyly of Nepetinae and division of this subtribe into two main clades one of which includes Drepanocaryum, Hymenocrater, Nepeta, Lophanthus and Marmoritis and the other includes Agastache, Glechoma, Meehania, Schizonepeta, Lallemantia, Cedronella and Dracocephalum. According to our phylogenetic analysis the genus Nepeta is nonmonophyletic. The genera Hymenocrater, Lophanthus, Marmoritis, Drepanocaryum and Nepeta, all are grouped in one clade. The morphological symplesiomorphic traits among these four taxa are: Calyx tube 15 nerved, two lipped, the throat oblique to straight; the corolla two lipped; the two upper stamens longer than the two lowers, included or exerted from the corolla; thecae divergent. In accordance with morphological evidence and regarding to the number of taxa examined and centers of diversity of the genera, here we propose inclusion of Hymenocrater in Nepeta and recognize a few older names of the rest genera as Nepeta. The genus Drepanocaryum is recognized as a sister genus to Nepeta. New combinations and synonyms are introduced. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
... A.L. Budantzev (Syn.: Nepeta sect. Psilonepeta p.p.) (11 species) [1,7] . The genus Lophanthus is recorded for the first time from Turkey [7] . ...
... Psilonepeta p.p.) (11 species) [1,7] . The genus Lophanthus is recorded for the first time from Turkey [7] . Specimens collected from Van province, East Anatolia, are described as the new species Lophanthus turcicus Dirmenci, Yıldız & Hedge. ...
... L. turcicus included in section Psilonepeta. The discovery of L. turcicus is a significant and disjunct extension of the range of the genus, and its most western locality [7] . There are limited publications on the chemical composition of the genus Lophanthus. ...
Aerial parts of Lophanthus turcicus Dirmenci, Yıldız & Hedge. were subjected to hydrodistillation and
the obtained oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Thirty-six compounds were identified representing
96.4% of the total oil, and the main compounds were found to be spathulenol (14.3%), globulol (13.8%),
ledene (11.8%) and pulegone (10.2%). The oil was consisted of sesquiterpenes abundantly and species is
a new source of oxygenated sesquiterpenoids.
... The genus is characterized by large, broad, membranous and mostly colored calyx teeth and resupinate corolla in most species. The genus Lophanthus has c. 22 species in the alpine regions of central Asia, Afghanistan, Mongolia, China and Turkey ( Dirmenci & al. 2010). In Lophanthus calyx is 15-nerved with a hairy annulus in throat, similar to Hymenocrater and Nepeta sect. ...
... Psilonepeta Benth. and corolla is resupinate, similarly in Hymenocrater (Pojarkova 1954; Rechinger 1982 and Dirmenci & al 2010). The similarities between Nepeta species sect. ...
... The genus is characterized by large, broad, membranous and mostly colored calyx teeth and resupinate corolla in most species. The genus Lophanthus has c. 22 species in the alpine regions of central Asia, Afghanistan, Mongolia, China and Turkey ( Dirmenci & al. 2010). In Lophanthus calyx is 15-nerved with a hairy annulus in throat, similar to Hymenocrater and Nepeta sect. ...
... The genus is characterized by large, broad, membranous and mostly colored calyx teeth and resupinate corolla in most species. The genus Lophanthus has c. 22 species in the alpine regions of central Asia, Afghanistan, Mongolia, China and Turkey ( Dirmenci & al. 2010). In Lophanthus calyx is 15-nerved with a hairy annulus in throat, similar to Hymenocrater and Nepeta sect. ...
Hymenocrater (Lamiaceae) in Iran was studied using morphological characters of nutlets and leaves. The species of the genus Nepeta sect. Psilonepeta and a few species of the genus Lophanthus were also examined for comparison. Scanning electron micrographs showed the surface of the nutlets and trichome types on leaves in detail. Two types of nutlets including smooth and sculptured were recognized. Among the species with smooth nutlets H. incanus is very characteristic having an absolutely smooth nutlet surface. Sculptures may be prominently tuberculate e.g. in H. bituminosus and H. calycinus or verrucose e.g. in H. sessilifolius and N. sessilifolia. Most species have constant features in nutlet surface, but minor differences could be identified within a few species, i.e. H. elegans and H. yazdianus. Leaf surfaces in studied group are covered with dense or laxe trichomes. Different trichome types are observed including glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Two different glandular trichomes were identified: peltate or sub-sessile glands and capitate or stalked glands. Non-glandular trichomes consist of short or long trichomes with (1)2-8(11) cells. Relationship among the species of the three genera was investigated based on data provided from morphological features, using cluster and PCA analysis. Three species groups are provided by the cluster analysis. Sculptured nutlets and peltate glands with two- or multi-celled head are characteristic features of most species grouped in the first cluster. Most species of the second and third clusters have smooth nutlets. Micro- papillate trichomes and capitate glands with a long, one- or multi-celled stalk are significant respectively in species of second and third clusters. Characters with the most variation were identified using FA based on PCA. Closely placement of Hymenocrater species together with Nepeta and Lophanthus species in obtained phenogram and ordination supports the affinity of these genera. It also reveals that the morphological features are not significant for defining the boundaries of the studied genera but raised the proposal of very close relationships among the studied species and the possibility of re-circumscribing the genera within Nepetinae.
... The genus is characterized by large, broad, membranous and mostly colored calyx teeth and resupinate corolla in most species. The genus Lophanthus has c. 22 species in the alpine regions of central Asia, Afghanistan, Mongolia, China and Turkey ( Dirmenci & al. 2010). In Lophanthus calyx is 15-nerved with a hairy annulus in throat, similar to Hymenocrater and Nepeta sect. ...
Lophanthus schtschurowskianus (Regel) Lipsky (гребнецвет Щуровского), произрастаю-щего на территории в Сурхандарьинской области Республики Узбекистан. Методом ГХ-МС в составе ЭМ идентифици-ровано 57 компонентов, что составляет 93.8% от общего количества масла, из них идентифицировано 52 летучих соеди-нения. Главными компонентами ЭМ являются 1,8-цинеол (13.4%), виридифлорол (8.5%), α-тeрпинеол (4.3%), терпинен-4-ol (4.2%), τ-кадинол (4.1%), β-спатуленол (3.9%), α-п-диметилстирен (2.1%). В составе ЭМ преобладают окисленные монотерпены (33.6%) и окисленные сесквитерпены (24.7%), обнаружены также соединения, относящиеся к сесквитер-пеновым углеводородам (8.6%). По составу компонентов ЭМ L. schtschurowskianus значительно отличается от ЭМ других изученных видов растений рода Lophanthus. Исследовали антибактериальную и противогрибковую активность ЭМ, а также различных экстрактов из надзем-ных частей L. schtschurowskianus с использованием модифицированного метода агар-диффузии. Грамположительные бактерии оказались чувствительными к воздействию всех исследованных образцов. Среди исследованных образцов наибольшую антибактериальную активность проявил ЭМ в отношении Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa и Escherichia coli. Из различных фракций 75%-ного спиртового экстракта надземной части L. schtschurowskianus выделили три ин-дивидуальных фенольных соединения, которые на основании изучения спектров 1 Н, 13 С ЯМР, HSQC и HMBC иденти-фицировали с кофейной, розмариновой кислотами и лютеолином. Ключевые слова: Lophanthus schtschurowskianus, эфирное масло, ГХ-МС анализ, антимикробная активность, фе-нольные соединения.
