Acanthicus hystrix is distinguished from A. adonis (Fig. 5) by its dark brown to almost black color pattern, without spots or dots (vs. color pattern dark brown with white spots covering body and fins); presence of ochre to gray stripes in caudal fin (vs. stripes absent). It also can be differentiated by reaching up to 600.0 mm SL (vs. up to 134.5 mm SL), by the presence of vermicular blotches on abdomen (vs. abdominal blotches absent), and elongate first hypobranchial (vs. first hypobranchial short).