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Phallichthys amates, Merry widow livebearer : aquarium
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Phallichthys amates
Female picture by
Slaboch, R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Cyprinodontiformes
(Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) >
Poeciliidae
(Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology:
Phallichthys:
Greek, phallos = penis + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref.
45335
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; demersal; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; non-migratory. Tropical; 24°C - 27°C (Ref.
30491
)
Central America: Atlantic drainages, from southern Guatemala to Costa Rica and Panama.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
36880
); 6.0 cm TL (female)
Robust body gray with bluish highlights, deep and almost rhomboid. Males with very long gonopodium that reaches the base of the tail; together with the young, with 6 - 8 dark bars (diffused in females) (Ref.
36880
).
Occurs mainly in stagnant waters, creeks and river shorelines, over soft bottoms. On the Atlantic versant it lives between 0 and 500 m of elevation, but in the northern Pacific sector is found between 10 and 45 m in the Tempisque and Bebedero drainages; in the Río Tárcoles drainage, where it was probably introduced, it lives between 670 and 1220 m elevation. Inhabits shallow waters with mud or litter substrata in temperatures of 20 to 37°C. Feeds on ooze, detritus, diatoms and occasionally on filamentous algae and aquatic insects (Ref.
36880
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Produces 10-80 young after 28 days gestation (Ref.
2060
).
Bussing, W.A.
, 1998. Peces de las aguas continentales de Costa Rica [Freshwater fishes of Costa Rica]. 2nd Ed. San José Costa Rica: Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica. 468 p. (Ref.
36880
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
12 August 2019
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Aquarium: commercial
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00477 - 0.01914), b=3.21 (3.04 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 2.3 ±0.17 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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