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Common name: Lacandonia Family.
Number of genera 1. Number of species 1 (Lacandonia schismatica E. Marti'nez & C.H. Ramos).
Angiosperm. Liliopsida.
Disseminule an intact or entire fruit.
Fruits
Pistil(s) 1; 1-pistillate. Fruit pericarpium; simple, or schizocarp; achene (from type description); achenarium; without persistent central column; not within accessory organ(s); 1-seeded; 1-seeded; less than 1 cm long; 0.4–0.6 cm long; 1-carpellate; not sulcate; apex not beaked; indehiscent. Epicarp durable; glabrous (without hairs); without armature; not smooth; densely papillose; without wing(s); without apical respiratory hole. Mesocarp absent. Endocarp present, or absent (likely present); not separating from exocarp; thin; not splitting into 1-seeded pyrenes; smooth; without wing; without operculum; without secretory cavities; without mechanism for seedling escape; without grooves; without longitudinal ridges. Funiculus short; short without seed bearing hooks (retinacula); not persisting in fruit after seed shed.
Seeds
Aril absent. Seed minute; less than 1 mm long; 0.4–0.5 mm long; obovate; in transection terete; not bowl shaped; not nutlike; without winglike beak; without caudate appendage(s); at maturity with food reserves; with endosperm; without canavanine. Sarcotesta absent. Testa present; without markedly different marginal tissue; without fleshy or leathery layer over hard layer; surface unsmooth; surface with merged raised features; surface reticulate; without crease or line separating cotyledons from hypocotyl-radicle; without notch along margin where cotyledons from hypocotyl-radicle tip approach each other; without glands; without bristles; without wings; without collar; without operculum; colored; monochrome; not becoming mucilaginous when wetted. Endosperm development nuclear; copious (for seed size).
Embryo differentiated from food reserve (poorly developed); well developed; 1 per seed; partially filling testa (with food reserve); at one end of seed not extending into a depression or cup; without coleoptile; without coleorhiza; without simmondsin; without stomata; not green.
Distribution
New World. Middle America (Chiapas, Mexico).
Notes
Do achenes (if that is the fruit type) fall individually or does the head fall intact? We are not sure how Spjut would classify this fruit - our scoring is an achene, but may be an achenerium Martinez & Ramos (1989): "Fruit aggregates with many achenes. … Achenes …slightly spongy".
Weed information
No USA noxious weeds.
Listed seeds
No ASOA or ISTA listed seeds.
Accepted genera
Lacandonia E. Martínez & Ramos
References specific to this family
Martínez, E. & C.H. Ramos. 1989. Lacandoniaceae (Triuridales): una neuva familia de Mexico. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76:128–135; Márquez-Guzmán, J., M. Engleman, A. Martínez-Mena, E. Martínez & C. Ramos. 1989. Anatomia reproductiva de Lacandonia schismatica (Lacandoniaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76:124–127; Davidse, G. & E. Martínez S. 1990. The chromosome number of Lacandonia schismatica (Lacandoniaceae). Syst. Bot. 15:635–637.
Illustrations
Acceptable fruit and seed illustrations. Disseminule illustration(s): fruit, or seed, or embryo. Fruit illustration(s): Martinez & Ramos (1989). Seed illustration(s): Martinez & Ramos (1989).
• Fruit. 1 of 3. Lacandonia schismatica E. Martinez & C. H. Ramos: fruiting head. • Seed. 2 of 3. Lacandonia schismatica E. Martinez & C. H. Ramos: seeds. • Embryo. 3 of 3. Lacandonia schismatica E. Martínez & Ramos: embryo.
We advise against extracting comparative information from the descriptions. This is much more easily achieved using the DELTA data files or the interactive key, which allows access to the character list, illustrations, full and partial descriptions, diagnostic descriptions, differences and similarities between taxa, lists of taxa exhibiting or lacking specified attributes, and distributions of character states within any set of taxa. See also Guidelines for using data taken from Web publications.
Cite this publication as: ‘J.H. Kirkbride, Jr., C.R. Gunn, and M.J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. Family guide for fruits and seeds: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 12th April 2021. delta-intkey.com’.
