The Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae — a generic synopsis and some new names Authors: Valdés, Benito, and Scholz, Hildemar Source: Willdenowia, 36(2) : 657-669 Published By: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin (BGBM) URL: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.36.36202 BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/terms-of-use. Usage of BioOne Complete content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non - commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Willdenowia 36 – 2006 657 Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 18 BENITO VALDÉS & HILDEMAR SCHOLZ The Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae – a generic synopsis and some new names Abstract Valdés, B. & Scholz, H.: The Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae – a generic synopsis and some new names. – Willdenowia 36: 657-669. – ISSN 0511-0618; © 2006 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. doi:10.3372/wi.36.36202 (available via http://dx.doi.org/) A synopsis of genera accepted for the Euro+Med project is presented. As a consequence of the generic treatment and reassessment of accepted specific and subspecific taxa, new names and new combinations are required in Agrostis, Alopecurus, Anisantha, Arundo, Avellinia, Avenella, Avenula, Bromopsis, Bromus, Danthonia, Elymus, Elytrigia, Enneapogon, Eragrostis, Koeleria, Macrochloa, Neoschischkinia, Ochlopoa, Phalaroides, Rostraria, Secale, Setaria, Stipa, Triticum and Urochloa. The genus name Tripidium is validated to substitute the illegitimate Ripidium. Key words: Europe, Mediterranean area, Caucasia, grass genera, inventory, taxonomy, nomenclature. Introduction The Euro+Med PlantBase is an international cooperative research project sponsored by the European Union and other bodies. One of the aims of the project is to organize, co-ordinate and make available information on the vascular plants of the Euro-Mediterranean region using modern bioinformatic techniques. The first author of this note took charge of editing the family Gramineae as a whole, but he has had the close cooperation of the second author, who has greatly contributed to the long reviewing process, and he sought the advice of several competent specialists, particularly Prof. C. Stace, who has advised on Aveneae, Dr B. Foggi, main responsible for the treatment of Festuca s.l., and Prof. W. Hempel, who has reviewed Melica. Prof. A. Petrova has advised on Bulgarian taxa. Euro+Med area is a wide portion of the Old World comprising Europe, as delimited by Flora Europaea, the Mediterranean area, as delimited by Med-Checklist (circum-Mediterranean countries), Caucasia and the European Atlantic islands (Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands). This note includes a synopsis of the family at generic rank for this area and gives also some required new combinations. Those on Festuca s.l. were published separately (Foggi, Scholz & Valdés in Willdenowia 35: 241-244. 2005). Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use 658 Valdés & Scholz: Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae Euro+Med Gramineae – a generic synopsis The Euro+Med genera accepted by us, with their relevant synonyms, are listed in Table 1. They have been taxonomically arranged by tribes and, within each tribe, alphabetically by genera. Intergeneric hybrids have been omitted, except for the widely distributed ×Calammophila and ×Schedolium and, although it has a rather limited representation, ×Festulolium. For tribe delimitation, the classification adopted in Flora Europaea (Tutin (ed.) in Fl. Eur. 5: 118-267. 1980) has basically been adopted. The only significant differences are that (1) genera included in Arundinarieae in Flora Europaea have been assigned to Arundinarieae and Shibataeeae, (2) the name Cynodonteae (including Zoysieae) is used instead of Clorideae, as it has priority over the latter, and (3) we have added Arundinelleae, because Danthoniopsis barbata (Nees) C. E. Hubb. of this tribe is native in Egypt, and Bambuseae, here considered separate from Arundinarieae and Shibataeeae, to include Bambusa, with some species widely cultivated in the Euro+Med area although only doubtfully naturalized. At generic level, a narrower concept than in Flora Europaea has been adopted where we consider it more appropriate to separate what are in our view more uniform, natural groups. This is particularly the case with Bromus s.l., Festuca and Panicum, which, as considered in Flora Europaea, are very polymorphic and heterogeneous. Besides, many genera that are not native to Europe have been added, as shown in Table 1. In Bromeae, Bromus s.l., as generally adopted in its widest sense, includes several groups of species that greatly differ in biological cycle and general morphology, including spikelet composition, glume, lemma and awn characters, etc. It is hard to include under the same generic name such different species as, e.g., Bromus lanceolatus Roth, B. unioloides Humb., B. diandrus Roth, etc., and we have considered it more appropriate to separate the genera Anisantha, Boissiera, Bromopsis, Ceratochloa and Nevskiella from Bromus s.l. In this way, each of these genera forms a rather natural group of closely related species, which share a series of distinct characters. Anisantha includes annual or biennial species with cuneate ripe spikelets, wider at the top, with 1-nerved lower and 3-nerved upper glume and long, usually flattened awn. Boissiera includes a single annual species (B. squarrosa (Banks & Soland.) Nevski) with laterally compressed spikelets with 3-nerved lower and 5-nerved upper glume and the lemma usually with 7 awns. Bromopsis is formed by perennial plants with narrow and more or less parallel-sided spikelets with 1-3 nerved lower and 3-5-nerved upper glume and the awn usually shorter than the lemma. Bromus s.s. includes annuals with lanceolate to ovate-terete or slightly compressed spikelets with 3-5-nerved lower and 5-7nerved upper glume and the awn usually as long as the lemma, rarely absent. Ceratochloa is formed by short-living perennials with ovate to ovate-lanceolate and strongly compressed spikelets with 3-5-nerved lower and 5-7-nerved upper glume and the awn usually much shorter than the lemma and often absent. Finally, Nevskiella is represented in the Euro+Med area by only one annual species (N. gracillima (Bunge) V. Krecz. & Vved.) with ovate and rather small spikelets with 1-nerved lower and 3-nerved upper glume and the awn much longer than the lemma. In Brachypodieae, Trachynia, formed by annual species with short, erect racemes with 1-2(-6) laterally compressed spikelets and anthers not more than 1 mm long, has been separated from Brachypodium, which now includes perennials with usually elongate and often nodding or drooping racemes with several terete or subterete spikelets and anthers at least 2.5 mm long. In Triticeae the main differences to Flora Europaea are the subdivision of Elymus and Festucopsis. Elytrigia, which includes rhizomatous perennials with spikelets of 5 or more flowers and glumes usually glabrous on the veins and obtuse to truncate or acute with a short mucro or awn, has been separated from Elymus, which includes caespitose perennials with spikelets of 3-5 flowers and glumes usually scabrid on the veins and gradually tapering into an awn. Peridictyon, comprising plants with basal leaf sheaths disintegrating into a mass of reticulate fibres and usually shortly awned glumes, has been segregated from Festucopsis, which remains to include the species with basal leaf sheaths disintegrating into a mass of more or less parallel fibres and unawned glumes. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Willdenowia 36 – 2006 659 In Poeae, the main differences to Flora Europaea result from the separation of Brizochloa from Briza, Ochlopoa from Poa s.s. and Catapodium from Desmazeria. For the separation of Drymochloa, Leucopoa, Parafestuca and Schedonorus from Festuca s.s., see elsewhere (Foggi, Scholz & Valdés in Willdenowia 35: 241-244. 2005). Brizochloa includes species with narrow, often linear, short-branched, subracemose panicles with peduncles shorter than the spikelets, while Briza comprises annual species with open, long-branched panicles with peduncles longer than the spikelets. A more natural grouping of the species usually included into Desmazeria s.l. results from the recognition of Catapodium as a separate genus. The latter includes species with basally glabrous lemmas rounded on the back or keeled only near the apex, while Desmazeria s.s. includes the species with strongly keeled lemmas with capitate hairs at the base. Finally, as considered by H. Scholz (in Ber. Inst. Landschafts-Pflanzenökol. Univ. Hohenheim, Beih. 16: 58-68. 2003), Ochlopoa includes gynomonoecious annual or short-living perennial species, formerly placed in Poa s.l., with flaccid stems, soft leaves and paleas with long-pilose (rarely glabrous) carinal veins In Aveneae, the main differences to Flora Europaea concern Agrostis, Phleum and Deschampsia, which we have divided into three genera each. From Agrostis, Linkagrostis has been segregated as a separate genus (see Romero, Blanca & Morales in Ruizia 7. 1988), which includes perennials with contracted, interrupted panicles and more or less similar glumes, and Neoschischkinia, formed by annual or short-lived perennials with lax panicles often with more or less divaricate branches usually clavate at the apex. Regarding Phleum, we recognize P. sect. Maillea at generic level, to separate the species with glumes winged on the keel and 1-nerved palea from the typical Phleum species characterized by unwinged glumes and 2-nerved paleas. The extra-European genus Pseudophleum is also accepted. Finally, Deschampsia is considered for the Euro+Med area excluding Avenella, the species of which have filiform leaves without ridges on the upper surface instead of convolute leaves with ridges on the upper surface as in Deschampsia, moreover a rachilla prolonged by less than ¼ the length of the upper floret and an at least 2 mm long anther. Also excluded from Deschampsia is Aristavena, which, as proposed by Alberts & Butzin (in Willdenowia 8: 81-84. 1977), is a monotypic genus clearly separated by morphological, anatomical and karyological characters. In Phalarideae, Phalaroides, characterized by its unwinged glumes and long rhizomes, has been recognized as a genus separate from Phalaris s.s. and includes annuals or perennials with short rhizomes and glumes winged on the keel. In Stipeae, Stipa s.l. includes several groups of species, which clearly differ morphological and biologically. We have followed Vázquez & Barkworth (in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 144: 483-495. 2004) to consider Macrochloa and Celtica as separate from Stipa s.l. Among other characters, Macrochloa clearly differs from typical Stipa by its ligule, substituted by a line of hairs (membranous in Stipa s.s.), by the presence of two long, lanate apical stiples in the leaf sheaths, especially of the lower leaves (stiples very short or missing in Stipa s.s.), and by the lemmas, which are uniformly pubescent (usually with 4-7 longitudinal unequal lines of hairs on their back in Stipa s.s.). Celtica is well characterized mainly by its bidentate and uniformly pubescent lemmas and its bifid paleas, the latter being a unique character within Stipa s.l. Finally, in Paniceae, apart from the use of the name Moorochloa instead of Brachiaria (see Veldkamp in Reinwardtia 12: 138. 2004), the main difference compared to Flora Europaea is the treatment of Panicum. Two genera have been separated from Panicum s.s., which is restricted to include annuals or rhizomatous perennials without winter rosettes and smooth lemmas; Dichanthelium includes perennial species with basal leaves quite different from the cauline leaves and forming a winter rosette and panicles producing secondary inflorescences with cleistogamous spikelets; Megathyrsus comprises caespitose perennials with transversely rugose upper lemma. New names and new combinations Bromeae Anisantha fasciculata subsp. delilei (Boiss.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus madritensis var. delilei Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 649. 1884. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use 660 Valdés & Scholz: Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae Anisantha madritensis subsp. tefedetica (Quézel) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus madritensis subsp. tefedeticus Quézel in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 46: 132. 1956. Anisantha rubens subsp. kunkelii (H. Scholz) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus madritensis subsp. kunkelii H. Scholz in Willdenowia 11: 251. 1981. Anisantha sericea subsp. fallax (H. Scholz) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus sericeus subsp. fallax H. Scholz in Willdenowia 19: 134. 1989. Bromopsis cappadocica subsp. lacmonica (Hausskn.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus lacmonicus Hausskn. in Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins 13: 53. 1899. Bromopsis cappadocica subsp. sclerophylla (Boiss.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus sclerophyllus Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 13: 65. 1854. Bromopsis erecta subsp. microchaeta (Font Quer), H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus microchaetus Font Quer in Cavanillesia 4: 26. 1931 ≡ Bromus erectus subsp. microchaetus (Font Quer) Maire & Weiller in Jahandiez & Maire, Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 866. 1934. Bromopsis erecta subsp. permixta (H. Lindb.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus erectus subsp. permixtus H. Lindb. in Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., ser. 2, B 1(2): 14. 1932. Bromopsis erecta subsp. stenophylla (Link) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus stenophyllus Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 94. 1821. Bromopsis erecta subsp. syriaca (Boiss. & Blanche) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus syriacus Boiss. & Blanche in Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 4: 139. 1869. Bromopsis erecta subps. transsilvanica (Steud.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus transsilvanicus Steud., Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 320. 1854. Bromopsis ramosa subsp. atlantica (H. Lindb.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus atlanticus H. Lindb. in Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., ser. 2, B 1(2): 13. 1932. Bromopsis sipylea (Boiss.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus sipyleus Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1, 3: 65. 1854. Bromopsis tomentella subsp. nivalis (Bornm.) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus tomentellus var. nivalis Bornm. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 8: 825. 1909 ≡ Bromus tomentellus subsp. nivalis (Bornm.) H. Scholz & A. J. Byfield in Turk. J. Bot. 24(4): 263. 2000. Bromus depauperatus H. Scholz, sp. nov. – Holotypus: Hispania, “Sevilla: entre Cantillana y Alcolea del Río, Km 90-91, olivar, arroyo seco”, 11.5.1986, C. López & F. J. Molina (SEV). A Bromo lanceolato Roth inflorescentiis 1-3-spiculatis dense compactis, spiculis minoribus 1.5-2.5 × 0.5-0.8 mm et antheribus c. 0.6 mm longis differt. Gramen annuum cleistogamum culmis erectis 10-25 cm altis. Bromus racemosus subsp. lusitanicus (Sales & P. M. Sm.) H. Scholz & L. M. Spalton, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus lusitanicus Sales & P. M. Sm. in Edinburgh J. Bot. 47: 361. 1990. Triticeae Elymus marginatus subsp. kabylicus (Maire & Weiller) Valdés & Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agropyron marginatum subsp. kabylicum Maire & Weiller in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 24: 232. 1933. Elytrigia caespitosa subsp. gypsicola (Melderis) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elymus nodosus subsp. gypsicolus Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 82. 1984. Elytrigia caespitosa subsp. platyphylla (Melderis) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elymus nodosus subsp. platyphyllus Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 80. 1984. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Willdenowia 36 – 2006 661 Elytrigia clivorum (Melderis) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elymus clivorum Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 77. 1984. Elytrigia deweyi (K. B. Jensen & al.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Pseudoroegneria deweyi K. B. Jensen & al. in Canad. J. Bot. 70: 907. 1992. Elytrigia elongata subsp. haifensis (Rech. f.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elytrigia elongata var. haifensis Rech. f. in Ark. Bot. 2(5): 304. 1952. Elytrigia elongata subsp. salsa (Melderis) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elymus elongatus subsp. salsus Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 77. 1984. Elytrigia elongata subsp. turcica (McGuire) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elytrigia turcica McGuire in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. (Praha) 18: 108. 1983 ≡ Elymus elongatus subsp. turcicus (McGuire) Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 81. 1984. Elytrigia embergeri (Maire) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agropyron embergeri Maire in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 100. 1942. Elytrigia erosiglumis (Melderis) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elymus erosiglumis Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 78. 1984. Elytrigia intermedia subsp. mucronata (Bercht.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agropyron mucronatum Bercht., Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. 1: 408. 1836. Elytrigia intermedia subsp. varnensis (Velen.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Triticum varnense Velen. in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 1894(29): 28. 1894. Elytrigia lazica (Boiss.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agropyron lazicum Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 661. 1884 ≡ Elymus lazicus (Boiss.) Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 79. 1984. Elytrigia lazica subsp. divaricata (Boiss. & Balansa) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agropyron divaricatum Boiss. & Balansa in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 307. 1857 ≡ Elymus lazicus subsp. divaricatus (Boiss. & Balansa) Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 79. 1984. Elytrigia lazica subsp. lomatolepis (Melderis) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Elymus lazicus subsp. lomatolepis Melderis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 79. 1984. Secale strictum subsp. balcanum (Ganchev) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Secale montanum var. balcanum Ganchev, Fl. Rep. Pop. Bulg. 1: 486. 1963. Triticum monococcum subsp. sinskajae (A. A. Filatenko & U. K. Kurkiev) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Triticum sinskajae A. A. Filatenko & U.K. Kurkiev in Trudy Prikl. Bot. 54(1): 239. 1975. Triticum timopheevii subsp. militinae (Zhuk. & Migush.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Triticum militinae Zhuk. & Migush. in Vestn. Sel’skokhoz. Nauki 2: 16. 1969. Triticum turgidum subsp. pyramidale (Percival) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Triticum pyramidale Percival, Wheat Pl.: 156, 262. 1921. Triticum turgidum subsp. subspontaneum (Tzvelev) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Triticum dicoccon subsp. subspontaneum Tzvel. in Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast. 10: 41. 1973. Poeae Ochlopoa annua subsp. notabilis (Chrtek & V. Jirasek) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa annua subsp. notabilis Chrtek & V. Jirasek in Biologia (Bratislava) 19: 494. 1964. Ochlopoa annua subsp. pilantha (Ronniger) H. Scholz &Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa annua var. pilantha Ronniger in Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 81: 17. 1968. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use 662 Valdés & Scholz: Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae Ochlopoa annua subsp. raniglumis (Fröhner) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa annua var. raniglumis Fröhner in Wiss. Z. Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, Math.-Naturwiss. Reihe 12: 670. 1963. Ochlopoa dimorphantha (Murb.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa dimorphantha Murb. in Acta Univ. Lund., sect. 2, 36(1): 20. 1900. Ochlopoa harveyi (Chrtek) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa harveyi Chrtek in Casopis Nár. Muz., Odd. Prír. 165: 128. 1996. Ochlopoa ×nannfeldtii (Jirásek) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Poa ×nannfeldtii Jirásek in Dostal, Kvétena CSR: 1959. 1950. Ochlopoa annua (L.) H. Scholz × Ochlopoa supina (Schrad.) H. Scholz. Ochlopoa rivulorum (Maire & Trabut) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa rivolorum Maire & Trabut in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 395. 1924. Ochlopoa speluncarum (Edmondson) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa speluncarum Edmonson in Davis, Fl. Turkey 9: 623. 1985. Ochlopoa supina (Schrad.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Poa supina Schrad., Fl. Germ.: 289. 1806. Aveneae Agrostis gigantea subsp. glaucescens (Widén) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agrostis gigantea var. glaucescens Widén in Fl. Fenn. 5: 104. 1971. Agrostis stolonifera subsp. gaditana (Boiss. & Reut.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Sporobolus gaditanus Boiss. & Reut., Pugill. Pl. Nov. Afr. Bor. Hispan.: 125. 1852. Agrostis stolonifera subsp. karsensis (Litv.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agrostis karsensis Litv. in Spisok Rast. Gerb. Russk. Fl. Bot. Muz. Rossijsk. Akad. Nauk 8: 147. 1922. Agrostis vinealis subsp. ericetorum (Préaub. & Bouvet) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agrostis ericetorum Préaub. & Bouvet in Bull. Soc. Études Sci. Angers, ser. 2, 18: 86. 1899. Alopecurus magellanicus subsp. glaucus (Less.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Alopecurus glaucus Less. in Linnaea 9: 206. 1834. Avellinia festucoides (Link) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Bromus festucoides Link in J. Bot. (Schrader) 1799(2): 315. 1800. Avenella flexuosa subsp. corsica (Tausch) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Aira corsica Tausch in Flora 20: 102. 1837. Avenella flexuosa subsp. iberica (Rivas Martínez) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Deschampsia flexuosa subsp. iberica Rivas Martínez in Trab. Dep. Bot. Fisiol. Veg. Univ. Madrid 3: 113. 1971. Avenula blaui subsp. aenigmatica (Lange) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Helictotrichon blaui subsp. aenigmaticum Lange in Biblioth. Bot. 145: 181. 1995. Avenula hookeri subsp. schelliana (Hack.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Avena schelliana Hack. in Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 419. 1892. Avenula praeusta subsp. pseudoviolacea (Dalla Torre) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Avena pseudoviolacea Dalla Torre, Atl. Alpenfl.: 228. 1882. Avenula pubescens subsp. longiflora (Boiss.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Avenula pubescens var. longifolia Boiss., Fl. Orient. 5: 545. 1884. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Willdenowia 36 – 2006 663 Avenula versicolor subsp. caucasica (Holub) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Helictotrichon versicolor proles caucasicum Holub in Preslia 31: 51. 1959. Koeleria macrantha subsp. helvetica (Domin) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Koeleria gracilis subsp. helvetica Domin in Biblioth. Bot. 65: 226. 1907. Neoschischkinia pourretii (Willd.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agrostis pourretii Willd. in Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesamten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 2: 290. 1808. Neoschischkinia reuteri (Boiss.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agrostis reuteri Boiss., Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 645. 1844. Neoschischkinia truncatula (Parl.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agrostis truncata Parl., Fl. Ital. 1: 185. 1848. Neoschischkinia truncatula subsp. durieui (Willk.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Agrostis durieui Willk., Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hisp.: 15. 1893. Agrostis durieui Willk. is not a nomen nudum as considered by Castroviejo & Charpin (in Candollea 38: 676. 1983) and Romero & al. (in Ruiza 7: 141. 1988), because it is validated by the description of n. 237, “A. capillaris” sensu Willk. [non L.] in Willkomm & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 1: 55. 1861. Rostraria pumila subsp. fuscescens (Pomel) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Trisetum fuscescens Pomel, Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.: 387. 1874. Arundineae Arundo collina subsp. hellenica (Danin & al.) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Arundo hellenica Danin & al. in Willdenowia 32: 191. 2002. Danthonieae Danthonia glaberrima (Post) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Triodia glaberrima Post., Fl. Syria: 874. 1896. Pappophoreae Enneapogon foxii (Post) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Pappophorum foxii Post, Fl. Syria: 873. 1896. Stipeae Macrochloa antiatlantica (Barreña & al.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Stipa antiatlantica Barreña & al. in Novon 16: 13. 2006. Macrochloa tenacissima subsp. gabensis (Moraldo & al.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Stipa gabensis Moraldo & al. in Candollea 44: 78. 1986. Stipa letourneuxii subsp. tunetana (H. Scholz) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Stipa tunetana H. Scholz in Willdenowia 20: 79. 1991. Stipa scholzii Valdés, nom. nov. ≡ Stipa martinovskyi Moraldo in Webbia 37: 25. 1983 [non Klokov in Novosti Sist. Vyss. Nizs. Rast. 1975: 37. 1976]. Paniceae Setaria italica subsp. moharia (Alef.) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Panicum italicum convar. moharium Alef., Landwirtsch. Fl.: 315. 1866. Urochloa leersioides (Hochst.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Panicum leersioides Hochst. in Flora 38: 196. 1855. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use 664 Valdés & Scholz: Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae Phalarideae Phalaroides arundinacea subsp. oehleri (Pilg.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Phalaris arundinacea subsp. oehleri Pilg. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 91. 1909. Phalaroides arundinacea subsp. rotgesii (Husn.) Valdés & H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Baldingera arundinacea var. rotgesii Husn., Gram.: 87. 1899. Eragrostideae Eragrostis barrelieri subsp. ambigua (Dobignard & Portal) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Eragrostis barrelieri var. ambigua Dobignard & Portal in Portal, Eragrostis France & Eur. Occid.: 173. 2002. Eragrostis cilianensis subsp. thyrsiflora (Willk.) H. Scholz & Valdés, comb. nov. ≡ Eragrostis megastachya var. thyrsiflora Willk. in Willkomm & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 83. 1861 ≡ Eragrostis cilianensis var. thyrsiflora (Willk.) Dobignard & Portal in Portal, Eragrostis France & Eur. Occid. 197. 2002. Andropogoneae Tripidium H. Scholz, nom. nov. ≡ Ripidium Trin., Fund. Agrost.: 169. 1820 [non Bernhardi in J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 127. 1801] ≡ Erianthus sect. Ripidium (Trin.) Henrard in Feddes Repert. 22: 350. 1926. The New World members of Erianthus Michx. (sect. Erianthus) are quite distinct from the Old World members (E. sect. Ripidium with tri- instead of bistaminate flowers, as in American species). The distinctness is substantiated by recent isozyme, flavonoid and molecular marker studies and consequently the Old World species are treated as a separate genus with the (illegitimate) name Ripidium so far. Tripidium bengalense (Retz.) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Saccharum bengalense Retz., Observ. Bot. 5: 16. 1789 ≡ Erianthus bengalensis (Retz.) Bharadw. & al. in Agra Univ. J. Res., Sci. 5: 311. 1957 ≡ Ripidium bengalense (Retz.) Grassl in Proc. 14th Congr. Int. Soc. Sugar Cane Technologists 1972: 244. 1972 = Saccharum sara Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 244. 1832. Tripidium ravennae (L.) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Andropogon ravennae L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 1481. 1763 ≡ Erianthus ravennae (L.) P. Beauv., Ess. Agrostogr.: 14. 1812 ≡ Ripidium ravennae (L.) Trin., Fund. Agrost.: 169. 1820 ≡ Saccharum ravennae (L.) L., Syst. Veg., ed. 13: 88. 1774. Tripidium ravennae subsp. parviflorum (Pilg.) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Erianthus parviflorus Pilg. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 120: 63. 1917 ≡ Erianthus ravennae subsp. parviflorus (Pilg.) H. Scholz in Willdenowia 6: 291. 1971 ≡ Saccharum ravennae subsp. parviflorum (Pilg.) Maire, Étud. Fl. Vég. Sahara: 54. 1933. Tripidium strictum (Host) H. Scholz, comb. nov. ≡ Andropogon strictus Host, Gram. Austr. 2: 2. 1802 ≡ Ripidium strictum Trin., Fund. Agrost.: 169. 1820 = Erianthus adpressus Jáv., Magyar Fl.: 62. 1924. Addresses of the authors: Prof. Dr Benito Valdés, Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain. Prof. Dr Hildemar Scholz, Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 6-8, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Willdenowia 36 – 2006 665 Table 1. The Euro+Med genera of Gramineae. – Accepted names appear in bold-face type and synonyms in italics. Genera not native to the Euro+Med area are included in square brackets. Arundinarieae [Arundinaria Michx.] Pleioblastus Nakai] = Arundinaria Michx. p.p. [Pseudosasa Nakai] [Sasa Makino & Shibata] [Sasaella Makino] Shibataeeae [Phyllostachys Siebold & Zucc., nom. cons.] [Semiarundinaria Nakai] Bambuseae [Bambusa Schreb., nom. cons.] Seslerieae Ammochloa Boiss. Echinaria Desf. Oreochloa Link Sesleria Scop. = Psilathera Link = Sesleriella Deyl Meliceae Melica L. Schizachne Hack. Glycerieae Glyceria R. Br., nom. cons. Pleuropogon R. Br. Bromeae Anisantha K. Koch = Bromus sect. Genea Dumort. Boissiera Steud. Bromopsis Fourr. = Bromus sect. Pnigma Dumort. = Zerna Panzer Bromus L. = Serrafalcus Parl. [Ceratochloa P. Beauv.] = Bromus sect. Ceratochloa (P. Beauv.) Griseb. Nevskiella Krecz. & Vved. = Bromus L., p.p. Brachypodieae Brachypodium P. Beauv. = Brevipodium Á. Löve & D. Löve Trachynia Link = Brachypodium sect. Trachynia (Link) Nyman Triticeae = Hordeae Aegilops L. = Aegilemma Á. Löve = Aegilonearum Á. Löve = Aegilopodes Á. Löve = Chennapyrum Á. Löve = Comopyrum (Jaub. & Spach) Á. Löve = Cylindropyrum (Jaub. & Spach) Á. Löve = Gastropyrum (Jaub. & Spach) Á. Löve = Kiharapyrum Á. Löve = Orrhopygium Á. Löve = Patropyrum Á. Löve = Sitopsis Jaub. & Spach Agropyron Gaertn. = Agropyrum Roem. & Schult., var. orth. Amblyopyrum (Jaub. & Spach) Eig = Aegilops L., p.p. Crithopsis Jaub. & Spach Dasypyrum (Coss. & Durieu) T. Durand = Haynaldia Schur = Pseudosecale Schur Elymus L. = Agropyrum (Host.) Dumort. = Clinelymus (Griseb.) Nevski = Goulardia Husn. = Roegneria W. D. J. Koch Elytrigia Desv. = Elymus L., p.p. = Lophopyrum Á. Löve = Psammopyrum (Pers.) Á. Löve = Pseudoroegneria (Nevski) Á. Löve = Thinopyrum Á. Löve = Trichopyrum Á. Löve Eremopyrum (Ledeb.) Jaub. & Spach Festucopsis (C. E. Hubb.) Melderis Henrardia C. E. Hubb. Heteranthelium Hochst. Hordelymus (Jessen) C. O. Harz = Cuviera DC. Hordeum L. = Critesion Rafin. Leymus Hochst. = Aneurolepidium Nevski Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use continued on next page 666 Valdés & Scholz: Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae continued from previous page Peridictyon Seberg & al. = Festucopsis (C. E. Hubb.) Melderis p.p. Psathyrostachys Nevski Secale L. Taeniatherum Nevski Triticum L. = Crithodium Link = Gigachilon Seidl Poeae Lolium L. Mibora Adans. = Chamagrostis Wibel Micropyropsis Romero Zarco & Cabezudo Micropyrum Link Narduroides Rouy Nephelochloa Boiss. Ochlopoa (Asch. & Graebn.) H. Scholz = Poa sect. Ochlopoa Asch. & Graebn. Oreopoa H. Scholz & Parolly Paracolpodium (Tzvel.) Tzvel. Parafestuca E. B. Alexeev Phippsia (Trin.) R. Br. Poa L. Pseudosclerochloa Tzvel. Psilurus Trin. Puccinellia Parl., nom. cons. = Atropis Rupr. ×Schedolium Soreng & Terrell Schedonorus P. Beauv. = Festuca subg. Schoedonorus (P. Beauv.) Peterm. = Festuca sect. Bovinae (Anderss.) Hackel Sclerochloa P. Beauv. Sphenopus Trin. Vulpia C. C. Gmel. = Loretia Duval-Jouve = Nardurus Rchb. Vulpiella (Trab.) Burollet Wangenheimia Moench Agropyropsis (Batt. & Trab.) A. Camus = Catapodium subg. Agropyropsis Batt. & Trab. Arctagrostis Griseb. Arctophila (Rupr.) N. J. Andersson Beckmannia Host Bellardiochloa Chiov. Briza L. = Macrobriza (Tzvel.) Tzvel. Brizochloa V. Jirásek & Chrtek = Briza L., p.p. Castellia Tineo Catabrosa P. Beauv. Catabrosella (Tzvel.) Tzvel. Catapodium Link = Scleropoa Griseb., p.p. Cinna L. Colpodium Trin. Ctenopsis De Not. Cutandia Willk. Aveneae Cynosurus L. Agrostis L. = Falona Adans. = Vilfa Adans. Dactylis L. = Trichodium Michx. Desmazeria Dumort. Aira L. = Scleropoa Griseb., p.p. Airopsis Desv. Drymochloa Holub Alopecurus L. = Festuca sect. Montanae Hack. = Colobachne P. Beauv. Dupontia R. Br. Ammophila Host Eremopoa Roshev. = Psamma P. Beauv. Festuca L. Anthoxanthum L. ×Festulolium Asch. & Graebn. Antinoria Parl. Hyalopoa (Tzvel.) Tzvel. Apera Adans. = Colpodium subgen. Hyalopoa Tzvel. Aristavena Albers & Butzin Lamarckia Moench, nom. & orth. cons. = Deschampsia P. Beauv., p.p. Leucopoa Griseb. Arrhenatherum P. Beauv. = Festuca sect. Leucopoa (Griseb.) Krivot. Avellinia Parl. Libyella Pamp. Avena L. Lindbergella Bor = Anelytrum Hack. = Lindbergia Bor, non Kindberg Loliolum Krecz. & Bobrov continued on next page Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Willdenowia 36 – 2006 continued from previous page Avenella Drejer = Deschampsia P. Beauv., p.p. = Lerchenfeldia Schur Avenula (Dumort.) Dumort. = Avenochloa Holub = Avenastrum Opiz Calamagrostis Adans. = Deyeuxia P. Beauv. ×Calammophila Brand = ×Ammocalamagrostis P. Fourn. Chaetopogon Janchen = Chaeturus Link, non Willd. Cornucopiae L. Corynephorus P. Beauv., nom. cons. = Anachortus Jirásek & Chrtek = Weingaertneria Bernh. Danthoniastrum (Holub) Holub Deschampsia P. Beauv. Gastridium P. Beauv. Gaudinia P. Beauv. Gaudiniopsis Eig Helictotrichon Besser Hierochloë R. Br., nom. cons. = Savastana Schrank Holcus L., nom. cons. = Homalachne Kuntze Koeleria Pers. = Airochloa Link Lagurus L. Linkagrostis Romero García & al. Maillea Parl. = Phleum sect. Maillea (Parl.) Horn Molineriella Rouy = Molineria Parl., non Colla Neoschischkinia Tzvel. Parvotrisetum Chrtek Periballia Trin. Phleum L. = Chilochloa P. Beauv. Pilgerochloa Eig Polypogon Desf. Pseudophleum Dogan Pseudarrhenatherum Rouy = Thorea Rouy Rhizocephalus Boiss. Rostraria Trin. = Lophochloa Rchb. Triplachne Link Trisetaria Forssk. 667 Trisetum Pers. Vahlodea Fries Ventenata Koeler, nom. cons. Hainardieae = Monermeae Hainardia Greuter* = Monerma P. Beauv., nom. illeg. = Lepturus auct., non R. Br. Parapholis C. E. Hubb. = Lepidurus Janch. Pholiurus Trin. Phalarideae Phalaris L. Phalaroides Wolf = Baldingera Gaertn. = Digraphis Trin. = Typhoides Moench Coleantheae Coleanthus Seidl, nom. cons. Scolochloeae Scolochloa Link, nom. cons. = Fluminia Fries Milieae Milium L. Zingeria P. Smirnov Zingeriopsis Probat. Stipeae Achnatherum P. Beauv. = Aristella (Trin.) Bertol. = Lasiagrostis Link Celtica F. M. Vázquez & Barkworth [Jaraba Ruíz & Pavón] Macrochloa Kunth [Nassella (Trin.) Desv.] Piptatherum P. Beauv. = Oryzopsis auct. eur., non Michx. = Urachne Trin. Stipa L. Ampelodesmeae Ampelodesmos Link = Ampelodesma Durand. & Schinz, var. orth. continued on next page * The authors use Hainardia Greuter as the correct name for Monerma P. Beauv. while completing a study on the le- gitimacy of both names. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use 668 continued from previous page Arundineae Arundo L. Phragmites Adans. [Rytidosperma Steud.] Cortaderieae [Cortaderia Stapf, nom. cons.] Danthonieae Centropodia Rchb. = Asthenatherum Nevski Danthonia DC. = Sieglingia Bernh. = Triodia auct., non R. Br. Schismus P. Beauv. Arundinelleae Danthoniopsis Stapf Molinieae Molinia Schrank Aristideae Aristida L. = Chaetaria P. Beauv. Stipagrostis Nees Nardeae Nardus L. Lygeeae Lygeum L. Pappophoreae Enneapogon P. Beauv. Aeluropodeae Aeluropus Trin. Eragrostideae Coelachyrum Hochst. & Nees Crypsis Aiton = Heleochloa Host Dactyloctenium Willd. Desmostachya Stapf Dinebra Jacq. [Diplachne P. Beauv.] Eleusine Gaertn. Eragrostis Wolf = Diandrochloa de Winter Valdés & Scholz: Euro+Med treatment of Gramineae Kengia Packer = Cleistogenes Keng, nom. inval. Leptochloa P. Beauv. [Muhlenbergia Schreb.] Ochtochloa Edgew. Sporobolus R. Br. Trichoneura Andersson Triraphis R. Br. Cynodonteae = Chlorideae = Zoysieae [Bouteloua Lag.] Chloris Swartz Cynodon L. C. M. Richard, nom. cons. = Dactylon Roem. & Schult Enteropogon Nees Leptothrium Kunth = Latipes Kunth Melanocenchris Nees Oropetium Trin. Schoenefeldia Kunth Tetrapogon Desf. Tragus Haller, nom. cons. = Lappago Schreb. = Nazia Adans. Tripogon Roem. & Schult. Spartineae Spartina Schreb. Ehrharteae Ehrharta Thunb. Oryzeae Leersia Swartz, nom. cons. [Oryza L.] [Zizania L.] = Homalocenchrus Mieg Paniceae Anthephora Schreb. [Axonopus P. Beauv.] Cenchrus L. [Dichanthelium (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould] = Panicum subg. Dichanthelicum Hitchc. & Chase Digitaria Haller, nom. cons. Echinochloa P. Beauv. Eriochloa Kunth Megathyrsus (Pilg.) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use continued on next page Willdenowia 36 – 2006 continued from previous page Melinis P. Beauv. = Mellinus Endl., var. orth. = Rhynchelytrum Nees Moorochloa Veldk. Oplismenus P. Beauv. Panicum L. Paspalidium Stapf [Paspalum L.] Pennisetum Rich. Setaria P. Beauv. [Stenotaphrum Trin.] Tricholaena Schrad. Urochloa P. Beauv. Andropogoneae Andropogon L. Arthraxon P. Beauv. Bothriochloa Kuntze Chrysopogon Trin., nom. cons. = Pollinia Spreng. = Vetiveria Bory [Coix L.] Cymbopogon Spreng. 669 Dichanthium Willemet = Eremopogon Stapf Elionurus Willd. [Euchlaena Schrad.] Hemarthria R. Br. Heteropogon Pers. Hyparrhenia E. Fourn. Imperata Cyrillo Lasiurus Boiss. Microstegium Nees = Pollinia Trin. [Miscanthus Andersson] Phacelurus Griseb. Saccharum L. Sorghum Moench Spodiopogon Trin. Themeda Forssk. Tripidium H. Scholz = Erianthus auct., non Michx. = Ripidium Trin., nom. illeg. = Saccharum L., p.p. [Tripsacum L.] [Zea L.] Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Willdenowia on 17 Feb 2023 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use