A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY,
PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
12(2)
REINWARDTIA
A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY,
PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
Vol. 12(2): 129-204.22 November 2004
Editors
ELIZABETH A. WIDJAJA, MIEN A. RIFAI, SOEDARSONO RISWAN, JOHANIS P. MOGEA
Correspondence and subscriptions of the journal should be addressed to
HERBARIUM BOGORIENSE, BIDANG BOTANI, PUSAT PENELITIAN BIOLOGI - LIPI,
BOGOR, INDONESIA
REINWARDTIA
Vol 12, Part 2, pp: 199 – 204
NEW SPECIES OF BAMBOOS (POACEAE-BAMBUSOIDEAE) FROM
BALI
ELIZABETH A. WIDJAJA,
Herbarium Bogoriense, Botany Division, Research Centre for Biology, LIPI, Bogor, Indonesia
INGGIT PUDJI ASTUTI
Bogor Botanical Garden, Centre for Plant Conservation, Bogor, Indonesia
& IDA BAGUS KETUT ARINASA
Ekakarya Botanical Garden, Bali, Indonesia
ABSTRACT
WIDJAJA, E.A., ASTUTI, I. P., ARINASA, I. B. K. 2004. New species of bamboos (Poaceae-Bambusoideae) from
Bali. Reinwardtia 12(2):199 - 204. Five new species of bamboos from Bali are described: Bambusa ooh, Dinochloa
sepang, Gigantochloa aya, Gigantochloa baliana and Gigantochloa taluh in the context of a proposal field guide to
Balinese bamboos. Description including the distribution and the vernacular names are provided.
Keywords: Bamboo, Bali, Bambusa ooh, Dinochloa sepang, Gigantochloa aya, Gigantochloa baliana,
Gigantochloa taluh.
ABSTRAK
WIDJAJA, E.A., ASTUTI, I. P, ARINASA, I. B. K. 2004. Jenis baru bambu di Bali. Reinwardtia 12(2): 199 - 204.
Lima jenis baru bambu dari Bali diusulkan yaitu Bambusa ooh, Dinochloa sepang, Gigantochloa aya,
Gigantochloa baliana, Gigantochloa taluh dalam mempersiapkan panduan lapangan Bambu di Bali. Pertelaan
termasuk persebaran dan nama daerahnya juga dikemukakan.
Kata kunci: Bambu, Bali, Bambusa ooh, Dinochloa sepang, Gigantochloa aya, Gigantochloa baliana,
Gigantochloa taluh.
With the new species Dinochloa sepang,
Dinochloa is a new generic record for Bali.
Although the Balinese flora is closely related to
Javanese one, many species appear to have a very
local distribution. Gigantochloa appears to be
more diverse in Bali then in Java, and some
species appear to be common and have a high
usage in Bali. The new species were found in the
Bangli District where bamboo community
gardens occurs.
INTRODUCTION
Of the bamboos occurring in Indonesia, 37
species so far have been discovered in Bali, nine
of which could not be identified (Widjaja, Astuti,
Arinasa & Sumantera, 2004), as without
flowering material identification of bamboos is
usually impossible. No overall review of Balinese
bamboos has been published, although several
species have been mentioned in various reports
(Arinasa & Widjaja 2003). We aim to prepare a
general field guide for which the present
publications is a precursor.
Recently, four species of the unknown taxa
have come into flower making identification
possible. One species of Bambusa not previously
collected and still only known in the sterile state
appears to be sufficiently distinct to allow
description.
Flowering material of the four remaining
species hopefully will become available soon so
that the field guide can be completed.
Bambusa ooh Widjaja & Astuti sp.nov. – Fig.1 &
2.
Culmi vagina foliolo trainglari erecto extus
pubescenti. ⎯ Type: Bali, Karangasem, Ida Bagus K.
Arinasa 4499 (BO – Holotype; K, Ekakarya Botanical
Garden – Isotype).
Young shoot green, covered with brown
hairs.
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200
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Culm erect, green, internode 25 – 75 cm,
diameter 10 cm at breast height.
[VOL.12
ligule laciniate, irregular, 3 – 4 mm high, with a
few up to 8 mm long bristle; blade erect,
triangular, outer part dark brown hairs.
Leaf blades lanceolate, 12 – 30 x 2.5 – 4 cm,
covered with scattered light brown hairs, auricle
rounded, 1 mm high with 1.5 mm in lateral
extent, with few bristle 3 – 4 mm long.
Inflorescence not seen.
DISTRIBUTION: Rendang, Karang Asem, Bali.
VERNACULAR NAME: tiing ooh.
SPECIMEN EXAMINED. Bali, Karang Asem,
Rendang, Ida Bagus Ketut Arinasa 4499 (BO, K,
Ekakarya Botanical Garden).
Dinochloa sepang Widjaja & Astuti sp.nov. ―
Fig. 3, 4 & 5.
Dinochloa matmat et D. scandenti similis, culmi
foliola basi pubescentia auriculae desunt, ligula setis
irregularibus tenuibus, foliolum deflexum. Pseudospiculae ad 4 mm longae uniflorae, glumae lemmaque
apice breviter mucronato, antherae 6 magenteae,
fructus obovoideus. ⎯ Type: Bali, Buleleng, Sepang,
EAW 7561 (BO – holotype, K, L – Isotype).
Fig. 1.
Culm sheath of Bambusa ooh Widjaja &
Astuti. Picture from Arinasa 4499.
Fig. 2.
Bambusa ooh Widjaja & Astuti. Picture from
Arinasa 4499.
Fig. 3. Dinochloa sepang Widjaja & Astuti. Picture
from EAW 7561.
Culm sheath tardily caducous, covered by
brown hairs, auricle rounded up to 8 mm tall,
with 2.5 – 3.7 cm wide with c. 2 cm long bristles,
Young shoot green, covered with white wax
and base of culm sheath densely hairy, dark
brown hairs.
2004]
E.A. WIDJAJA et.al.: New species of bamboos from Bali
201
Culms climbing, internodes 15.3 – 23 cm
long, 0.6 – 3 cm diam., thick wall, above the node
pubescent, gradually less so toward the apex,
hairs white to light brown, with up to 11 lateral
branches.
Fig. 5. Inflorescence of Dinochloa sepang Widjaja &
Astuti. Picture in the type locality.
NOTES. This species is very similar to D. matmat
and D. scandens, but differs by its pubescent
culm sheath.
Fig. 4. Inflorescence of Dinochloa sepang Widjaja &
Astuti. Picture from EAW 7561.
Culm leaves covered by white wax, at the
base with brown hair; auricle absent; ligule 1 – 2
mm, irregular with fine bristle; sheath apex
orbicular/ rounded; sheath scar 4 – 24 mm tall,
rough with short hair, with long hair when young;
blade deflexed, 5.4 – 10.3 cm;
Leaf blades lanceolate, 15.5 – 27.1 X 1.7 –
5.5 cm; auricle absent, glabrous; ligule 1 - 2 mm
tall, higher in the middle, irregular, glabrous;
glabrous above; below with scatter white hairs;
petiole short 1 – 4 mm long.
Pseudospikelet 3 – 4 mm long; glume 1.1 –
1.5 mm, apex with short mucronate; lemma up to
3 mm, apex mucronate; palea up to 4 mm; anther
magenta, 1 – 2.0 mm. Fruit obovoid, 4 – 5 mm
long.
DISTRIBUTION: Sepang, Bali
ECOLOGY: In disturbed forest at c. 850 m alt.
VERNACULAR NAME: tali-tali.
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Bali, Baturiti, Ekakarya
Botanical Gardens, EAW 7497 (BO), Jembrana,
Pulungan Batu, Ds. Tukat Djaja, G. Merbuk,
Ida/Swen 80 (BO, Ekakarya Botanical Gardens Bali),
Buleleng, Busung Biu Subdistrict, Sepang, EAW 7561
(BO, K).
Gigantochloa aya Widjaja & Astuti sp.nov. ―
Fig. 6 & 7.
Gigantochloa ridleyi similis, culmi vaginae
appressae foliola erecta basi lata, sed culmi foliolis
triangularibus basi angustis auriculae glabrae differt.
⎯ Type: Bangli, Panglipuran, EAW 7499 (BO –
holotype, K - Isotype)
Young shoot green with brown to black
appressed hairs.
Culm up to 15 m tall, straight, young culm
green, internodes 40 – 45 cm, 8 – 10 cm in
diameter.
Culm leaves appressed, auricle rim like, c. 3
mm high, glabrous; ligule irregular, up to 4 mm
high, glabrous; blade erect, triangular, inflated
margin, base broad attached to the sheath.
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[VOL.12
Leaf blades 21 – 35 x 3.2 – 6 cm, below with
scattered white hairs, above glabrous; auricle
rounded, 3 mm high by 2 mm width, glabrous,
ligule up to 4 mm high, irregular almost entire
with fine bristle.
Pseudospikelet 10 – 18 mm, fertile floret 2 or
3; glumes 4, ovate, 3 – 10 mm long margin with
brown cili, apex acute; lemma narrowly ovate, in
a roll, 13 – 15 mm, apex acute; palea 10 – 13 mm,
keeled, apex with brown cilia; anthers marron to
dark magenta, up to 7 mm long with hairy
apiculate tips, filaments forming tube; ovary
oblong with hairy apex.
DISTRIBUTION:
Bali,
Panglipuran village.
Bangli
District,
ECOLOGY: Unknown, found in the community
garden at. 400 m altitude.
VERNACULAR NAME: tiing aya.
Fig. 6.
Gigantochloa aya Widjaja & Astuti. Picture
from EAW 7499.
Gigantochloa baliana Widjaja & Astuti sp. nov.
― Fig. 8 & 9.
Culmi glauci, foliis appressis, auricular oriformi
ad 2 mm longa glabra, laminis erectis anguste
traiangularibus basi angusta. Pseudospiculae ad 18 mm
longae lemmatibus involutes ciliis pallide brunneis,
apice auto, 5 canstaneis ad atromagentis, fructibus
oblongus. ⎯ Type: Bali, Botanical Garden Ekakarya,
EAW 7498 (BO – holotype, K – Isotype ).
Fig. 7. Inflorescence of Gigantochloa aya Widjaja
& Astuti. Picture from EAW 7499
Young shoot green with scattered brown to
dark brown hairs.
Culm up to 10 m high, straight, young culm
bluish-green, internode 27.5 – 40 cm, with dark
brown hairs, diameter 1.8 – 2.6 cm.
Culm leaves appressed, auricle rim like, up to
2 mm high, glabrous; ligule irregular up to 2 mm
tall, with fine bristle; blade erect, narrow
triangular, base narrow.
Leaf blades 21 – 40.3 x 2.5 – 7.5. cm, with
scattered white hairs at the lower surface,
glabrous upper surface; auricle rounded, 2 mm
high by 2 mm width, glabrous, sheath extend to
the auricle; ligule up to 2 mm high with fine
bristle, glabrous, sheath covered with appressed
dark brown hairs.
Pseudospikelet 16 – 18 mm, young branch of
pseudospikelet hairy, short hair; fertile floret 4,
glumme 3, 5 – 10 mm, ovate, acute apex, light
brown cilia on the margin, lemma 12 – 15 mm, in
a roll with light brown cilia, apex acute; palea 11 –
14 mm, acute apex, keels with brown to light
2004]
E.A. WIDJAJA et.al.: New species of bamboos from Bali
brown cilia, anthers marroon to dark magenta, up
to 6 mm long with apiculate tip, ovary oblong, hairy
on the apex, young fruit oblong, c. 14 mm long.
203
DISTRIBUTION: Baturiti, Bali.
ECOLOGY: Highland, along the river bank, 1500
m alt.
VERNACULAR NAME: tiing petung bali, tiing
bali.
Gigantochloa taluh Widjaja & Astuti sp. nov. ―
Fig. 10
Gigantochloa balianae similis, sed culmis glabris,
foliolis deflexeis mox caducis, auriculis oriformibus ad
rotundatis, ligula integra pilis tenuibus differt.
Pseudospiculae ad 2 cm longae, floribus fertilibus 4.
⎯ Type: Bali, Ekakarya Botanical Garden, IP 456.
Fig. 8. Gigantochloa baliana Widjaja & Astuti. Picture
from EAW 7498.
Fig.10. Gigantochloa taluh Widjaja & Astuti. Picture
from IP 456.
Fig. 9. Leaves of Gigantochloa baliana Widjaja &
Astuti. Picture from EAW 7498.
Young shoot green covered by dark brown to
blackish hair.
Culm up to 10 m high at young clump, culm
green, internodes 27.5 – 40 cm, diameter 1.8 – 2.6
cm.
Culm leaves caducous; auricle rounded to rim
like, c. 2 mm high, c.4 mm wide, glabrous; ligules
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laciniate, irregular up to 2 mm high, with fine
bristle; blade deflexed, erect when young,
lanceolate, base passing broadly into the sheath.
Leaf blades 22 – 40.3 x 2.5 – 7.5 cm, slightly
hairy below with short hair, glabrous above;
auricle rounded 2 x 2 mm, glabrous; ligule entire
with fine bristle, 4 mm high, sheath covered with
appressed dark brown hairs.
Pseudospikelet 1.4 – 2.0 cm, floret 4; glumes
6 – 9 mm, ovate, apex acute, margin with light
brown cilia, lemma 11 – 19 mm, apex acute, in a
roll, with light brown cilia; palea 11 – 18 mm,
acute apex, keeled with white cilia; anthers 7 mm,
maroon to dark magenta; ovary oblong.
DISTRIBUTION.
Gardens.
Bali,
Ekakarya
Botanical
[VOL.12
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This paper is a precursor to a handbook on Balinese
bamboos. We would like to express our gratitude to
Mr. Mustaid Siregar, Head of Botanical Garden
Ekakarya, Bali who was of great help to us when we
visited Bali for collecting material. We thank to Dr. Jef
Veldkamp (L.) for kindly helping us with the latin
descriptions, Ms. Andri Widya Lestari for preparing
the plates, and Dr. S. Dransfield (K) for valuable
assistance and criticism.
REFERENCES
ARINASA, I.B.K. & WIDJAJA, E.A. 2003. Bamboo
diversity in Bali. Paper was presented as poster in
International Botanical Gardens Congress,
Candikuning, Bali 15 – 18 August 2003.
ECOLOGY: Not noted.
VERNACULAR NAME: jajang taluh.
WIDJAJA, E. A., PUDJI ASTUTI, I., ARI-NASA, I.
B. K., SUMANTERA, I. W. Identikit Bambu di P.
Bali. (in press).
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ISSN 0034-365 X
REINWARDTIA
Vol. 12. No. 2. 2004
CONTENTS
Page
W.J.J.O. DE WILDE & BRIGITTA E.E. DUYFJES. Kedrostis Medik. (Cucurbitaceae)
in Asia
.'.
-
129
J.F. VELDKAMP. Miscellaneous notes on mainly Southeast Asian Gramineae...
135
PITRA AKHRIADI, HERNAWATI AND RUSJDITAMIN. A new species of Nepenthes
(Nepenthaceae) from Sumatra
-
141
KUSWATA KARTAWINATA, ISMAYADI SAMSOEDIN, M. HERIYANTO AND J.J.
AFRIASTINI. A tree species inventory in a one-hectare plot at the Batang Gadis National
Park, North Sumatra, Indonesia ..
145
E.A.P. ISKANDAR & J.F. VELDKAMP. A revision of Malesian Isachne sect. Isachne
(Gramineae, Panicoideae, Is.ach.neae)
'
159
JOHANIS P. MOGEA. Four new species pf Arenga (Palmae) from Indonesia
181
J.F. VELDKAMP. The correct name for Pyrrosia hastata Ching (Polypodiaceae,
Pteridophyta)
.....
191
TRI MULYANINGSIH & COLIN ERNEST RIDSDALE. An additional species of
Villaria Rolfe {Rubiaceae') from The Philippines
195
ELIZABETH A. WIDJAJA, INGGIT PUDJI ASTUTI & IDA BAGUS KETUT
ARINASA. New species of bamboos (Poaceae-Bambusoideae) from Bali
199
HERBARIUM BOGORIENSE
BIDANG BOTANI
PUSAT PENELITIAN BIOLOGI - LIPI
BOGOR, INDONESIA