New national and regional bryophyte records, 42

V. Plášek

Four new species are described in the genus Odontidium from the Himalaya in Nepal, and the Garhwal and Kumaon regions in India using light and electron microscopy. We compare the Himalayan taxa to recently described species from the European Alps and Macedonia. In addition we illustrate some specimens of Diatoma rupestris, a species recently described from China, in the Nepalese Himalaya.

In this paper we reinvestigated seven Surirella species described or reported by Gandhi and two taxa which were not reported by Gandhi using his collections from Peninsular India. Among these, S. langebertalotii Karthick, Hamilton & Kociolek stat. & nom. nov. is a new name for Surirella robusta f. minor. Surirella leyana Bramburger & Hamilton and S. pinnigera Bramburger & Hamilton were new records to India. Surirella lanceolata Gandhi is a synonym of the cosmopolitan species S. ovalis Brébisson 1838 and for the fi rst time the ultrastructural details of S. shyamae Gandhi, S. capronioides Gandhi, and Surirella capronii Brebisson & Kitton are presented. This study confi rms that members of Surirella show different levels of endemism, such as some being locally endemic, some regionally distributed and others cosmopolitan. It is also evident that Peninsular India and the Malay Archipelago share a similar regional diatom fl ora.

The checklist reports total 2489 taxa of bryophytes recorded from India, comprising 1786 species in 355 genera of mosses, 675 species in 121 genera of liverworts and 25 species in six genera of hornworts. Some of the genera of mosses like Fissidens, Barbula, Campylopus, and Bryum are found to have largest number of species. In liverworts Riccia, Porella, Frullania, Lejeunea, Plagiochila and Jungermannia are recorded to be species rich genera and in hornworts Anthoceros is well represented by species. Pottiaceae, Lejeuniaceae and Notothyladaceae are largely represented in India. Nearly 340 species are endemic to India.

Bryological Note New national and regional bryophyte records, 42 L. T. Ellis1, M. Aleffi2, V. A. Bakalin3, H. Bednarek-Ochyra4, A. Bergamini5, P. Beveridge6, S. S. Choi7, V. E. Fedosov8, R. Gabriel9, M. T. Gallego10, S. Grdović11, R. Gupta12, V. Nath12, A. K. Asthana12, L. Jennings13, H. Kürschner14, M. Lebouvier15, M. C. Nair16, K. M. Manjula16, K. P. Rajesh16, M. Nobis17, A. Nowak18, S. J. Park19, B.-Y. Sun19, V. Plášek20, L. Čı́hal20, S. Poponessi21, M. G. Mariotti21, A. Sabovljević22, M. S. Sabovljević22, J. Sawicki20,23, N. Schnyder24, R. Schumacker25, M. Sim-Sim26, D. K. Singh27, D. Singh28, S. Majumdar28, S. Singh Deo28, S. Ştefănuţ29, M. Suleiman30, C. M. Seng30, M. S. Chua30, J. Váňa31, R. Venanzoni32, E. Bricchi32, M. J. Wigginton33 1 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK, 2University of Camerino, Camerino (MC), Italy, 3Botanical Garden-Institute, Vladivostok, Russia, 4Laboratory of Bryology, Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland, 5Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Biodiversity & Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, 6Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand, 7National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea, 8M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia, 9Azorean Biodiversity Group — CITAA, DCA — University of the Azores, Portugal, 10Departamento de Biologı́a Vegetal (Botánica), Universidad de Murcia, Spain, 11Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, 12 CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India, 13Conservation Biogeography and Macroecology Group, SGE — University of Oxford, UK, 14Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Systematische Botanik und Pflanzengeographie, Germany, 15CNRS UMR 6553, Université de Rennes 1, France, 16Department of Botany, The Zamorin’s Guruvayurappan College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India, 17Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland, 18 University of Opole, Poland, 19Department of Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, 20 University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, 21University of Genova, Genova, Italy, 22Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Serbia, 23University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland, 24 Institut für Systematische Botanik, Universität Zürich, Switzerland, 25Department of Botany, University of Liège, Belgium, 26Centre for Environmental Biology, University of Lisbon, Portugal, 27Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, India, 28Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah, India, 29Institute of Biology Bucharest of Romanian Academy, Romania, 30Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia, Sabah, Malaysia, 31Department of Botany, Charles University, Czech Republic, 32University of Perugia, Italy, 33Warmington, Peterborough, UK 1. Acaulon triquetrum (Spruce) Müll.Hal. Contributors: S. Grdović, A. Sabovljević and M.S. Sabovljević Serbia: Belgrade, Bežanijska kosa, on loess soil, 16 March 2013, leg./det. Aneta Sabovljević & Marko S. Sabovljević, s.n., rev. Beata Papp (BEOU). Acaulon triquetrum is recorded for the first time in Serbia. The specimen was found on the loess soils in the area of Bežanijska kosa loess plateau, within the Belgrade metropolitan area. According to Sabovljević et al. (2008), it had not been recorded in Serbia, but in SE Europe it is known from Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, and Romania. It seems to be common in Correspondence to: L. T. Ellis, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK. Email: l.ellis@nhm.ac.uk 68 ß British Bryological Society 2015 DOI 10.1179/1743282014Y.0000000132 the Mediterranean area (Ros et al., 2013). The species is minute and since it is often scattered and ephemeral, it is easily overlooked and in the present site, it was not abundant. The loess cliffs along the Danube in Serbia have been the subject of previous bryological research (Sabovljević, 2003, 2004; Sabovljević & Stevanović, 2006), as well as the metropolitan area of Belgrade (Sabovljević & Grdović, 2009), but Acaulon triquetrum had not previously been recorded. 2. Austrolophozia fuegiensis (Steph.) R.M.Schust. Contributor: J. Váňa South Georgia: Bay of Isles, Paul Beach, northern peak of Murphy Wall, above snow patch, above corrie, crevices of north-east facing rocks, 1000 ft a.s.l., 23 January 1961, leg. S. W. Greene 01186E p.p., det. J. Váňa (AAS); Bay of Isles, Paul Beach, above Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 Angele Bay (54u059S, 37u389W), dry sheltered northeast facing slope, 25 m a.s.l., 31 December 1980, leg. R. I. Lewis Smith 00003 as Schistochila sp., det. J. Váňa (AAS). Austrolophozia fuegiensis (syn. A. camensis (Steph.) Grolle ex Hässel & Solari) is a species with a southern South American distribution. It was reported from Chile, Magallanes region (Ultima Esperanza, Magallanes, and Tierra del Fuego provinces), Argentina (Tierra del Fuego province) and the Falkland Islands (Hässel de Menéndez & Rubies, 2009 as A. camensis). The occurrence in South Georgia is not unexpected. 3. Barbula indica (Hook.) Spreng. Contributors: H. Kürschner and M. J. Wigginton Oman: Al Buraimi. Hanging Gardens nearby, 24u199270N, 55u549190E, 550 m a.s.l., moist rock near small spring at the base of cliff, 11 January 2012, leg. M. J. Wigginton 12/OM3 (E, ON). Accompanying species: Entosthodon aff. pulchellus (H.Philib.) Brugués, Plagiochasma rupestre (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Steph. Barbula indica, previously known as Semibarbula indica (Brid.) Hilp. or S. orientalis (F.Weber) Wijk & Margad., is a pantropical species, restricted at arid and semiarid sites to damp soils and rock, often with seeping and dripping water. It is easily recognised by the hyaline, smooth, rectangular basal lamina cells and the dorsally rather rough costa, due to coarse papillae and mamillose projections. Barbula tenuirostris Brid. (syn. B. consanguinea (Thwaites & Mitt.) A.Jaeger), which is also known from Oman (Dhofar province; Sollman, 2000) and Yemen (Al Mahra province; Kürschner et al., 2004), is morphologically very similar in gametophytic characters, but is in general more robust (up to 3 cm in height), with leaves over 1.5 mm long. The low tufts or mats of B. indica are small and seldom exceed 1 cm in height. In the Arabian Peninsula, B. indica is known from Saudi Arabia [Asir Mts., 15 km southwest of alFarsha (Frey & Kürschner, 1988)] and Yemen [Al Mahra province, Hawf Mts., near Damqawt (Kürschner et al., 2004)]. 4. Bazzania angustistipula N.Kitag. Contributors: D.K. Singh, D. Singh, S. Majumdar and S. Singh Deo India: Eastern Himalaya, Arunachal Pradesh: West Siang district, on way to Yapik from Shikar, 28u329N, 94u339E, ca 1800 m a.s.l., 6 December 1984, leg. D.K. Singh (ASSAM 491); Anjaw district, on way to Chaglagam from Mailiang, 28u219N, 94u489E, ca 1600 m a.s.l., 11 October 1985, leg. D.K. Singh (ASSAM 65/1/E/1985); Sikkim, West district, Tshoka, 27u26959.90N, 88u10951.30E, ca 2982 m a.s.l., 28 December 2011, leg. D. Singh (CAL 52276A), Barsey Rhododendron Sanctuary, 27u12934.70N, 88u089904.20E, ca 2875 m a.s.l., 9 March 2010, leg. D. Singh (CAL 47333); North district, Dobong Valley, 27u43942.10N, 88u44958.80E, ca 2889 m a.s.l., 21 May 2011, leg. D. Singh (CAL 52034B). Bazzania angustistipula has been reported from China, Bhutan, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam (Kitagawa, 1967; Pócs, 1969; Lai et al., 2008; Pradhan & Joshi, 2009; Zhou et al., 2012) and is here recorded for the first time from India. The specimen was corticolous, growing in association with Cheilolejeunea subopaca (Mitt.) Mizut., Frullania nepalensis (Spreng.) Lehm. & Lindenb., Herbertus aduncus (Dicks.) Gray subsp. aduncus, Heteroscyphus argutus (Reinw. et al.) Schiffn., H. bescherellei (Steph.) S.Hatt., H. flaccidus (Mitt.) Abha Srivast. & S.C.Srivast., H. tener (Steph.) Schiffn., Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dumort., Metzgeria lindbergii Schiffn., Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt., Plagiochila corticola Steph., P. detecta M.L.So & Grolle, P. gracilis Lindenb. & Gottsche, Plicanthus hirtellus (F.Weber) R.M.Schust., and Trichocolea tenera Udar & D.K.Singh. In appearance, Bazzania angustistipula closely resembles smaller forms of B. tricrenata (Wahlenb.) Trevis., from which it can be easily distinguished in having caducous leaves and subquadrate to blong underleaves that are usually longer than wide. In contrast, B. tricrenata has persistent leaves and quadrate to orbicular underleaves that are always wider than long. Previous apparent records for B. angustistipula in India (Bapna & Kachroo, 2000; Zhou et al., 2012; He et al., 2013) were not substantiated by reference to specimens or specimen-based literature. 5. Bazzania oshimensis (Steph.) Horik. Contributors: D.K. Singh, D. Singh, S. Majumdar and S. Singh Deo India: Eastern Himalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, West Siang District, Tato (Sidora camp, on way to Mobu mountain), 28u259N, 94u209E, ca 2300 m a.s.l., 26 August 2011, leg. S. Singh Deo (CAL 50999B); Sikkim, North district, Passidong, 27u33906.70N, 88u27932.10E, ca 923 m a.s.l., 28 November 2009, leg. D. Singh (CAL 46766B); West district, Chittrey, 27u16907.10N, 88u02936.30E, ca 2630 m a.s.l., 10 June 2011, leg. D. Singh (CAL 46852). Bazzania oshimensis has been reported in India from the Western Ghats (Nilghiris), and also from China, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam (Pócs, 1969 as B. tridens var. oshimensis (Steph.) Pócs; Onraedt, 1981; Piippo, 1990; Sharma & Srivastava, 1993; Lai et al., 2008). The species was collected from Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim, during an investigation of liverworts and hornworts in the Eastern Himalayas. It was both terrestrial and lignicolous, growing in association with Plagiochila detecta M.L.So & Grolle, P. fruticosa Mitt., P. nepalensis Lindenb., P. elegans Mitt., and Solenostoma tetragonum (Lindenb.) R.M.Schust. ex Váňa & D.G.Long. This Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 69 is the first report of Bazzania oshimensis in the Eastern Himalayas. Bazzania oshimensis closely resembles B. tridens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis. in its stem anatomy, leaves and underleaves. However, the two can be easily differentiated. B. oshimensis has narrower, falcate and deflexed leaves, and subquadrate to rectangular underleaves with an irregularly repand or slightly 2–3-lobed apex. In comparison, B. tridens has broader, widely spreading leaves, and typical quadrate to subquadrate underleaves with a truncate–angular and recurved apex (see also Sharma & Srivastava, 1993; Zhou et al., 2012). 6. Bryum porphyroneuron var. erythrinum (Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Contributors: R. Gupta, V. Nath and A. K. Asthana India: Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Chhindwara, Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, Pachmarhi Lake, 22u469N, 78u439E, on soil, ca 1050 m a.s.l., 9 November 2011, leg. A.K. Asthana and R. Gupta (LWG 264824). Bryum porphyroneuron var. erythrinum is an Asiatic species, only reported from India, Sri Lanka, Java, and Sumatra. The entity has survived within Bryum through many revisions of the genus (Ochi, 1959, 1972; Demaret & Empain, 1985; Spence & Ramsay, 1999, 2002, 2005; Spence, 2005). This moss has been reported from the Himalayas and southern India, and the present report extends its range to central India. The plants are erect, dull green above, brownish red below, loosely tufted, slender, and up to 12 mm high, the leaves forming apical comae. More generally, the leaves are erecto-patent, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate with a stout, reddish-brown, excurrent costa, and 1–2 marginal rows of elongated cells, forming a narrow indistinct border. 7. Bucklandiella curiosissima (Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra) Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra Contributors: H. Bednarek-Ochyra and P. Beveridge New Zealand: North Island: (1) Wellington, Rimutaka Range, ca 0.7 km N of the Rimutaka Hill summit, SH 2, 41u6.6179S, 175u13.8009E (map grid NZMS 260 S27 973085), 600 m a.s.l.; on exposed soil on windswept ridge, full light, 26 November 2000, leg. Peter Beveridge s.n. (WELT M035611); (2) Wellington, Wainuiomata–Orongorongo water catchment (WRC), access road to upper Orongorongo River from road to Orongorongo weir, ca 0.5 km from junction, 41u15.1509S, 175u3.0679E (map grid NZMS 260 R27 819931), 520 m a.s.l., on road gravel median strip, strong light, Nothofagus menziesii (Hook.f.) Oerst. mixed broadleaf forest, 23 January 2004, leg. Peter Beveridge BR-50 (WELT M035671). 70 Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 Bucklandiella curiosisssima has hitherto been considered an endemic of the South Island of New Zealand, as is the case with a number of other moss species, for example, Seligeria diminuta (R.Br.bis) Dixon (Vitt & Bartlett, 1983), Blindia lewinskyae J.K.Bartlett & Vitt and B. immersa (E.B.Bartram & Dixon) Sainsbury (Bartlett & Vitt, 1986), Calomnion brownseyi Vitt & H.A.Mill. (Vitt, 1995), Guembelia wilsonii (Greven) Ochyra & Żarnowiec (Greven, 1998), and Fallaciella robusta Tangney & Fife (Tangney & Fife, 2003). It has been recorded in the Canterbury and Otago regions in the central and south parts of the South Island (Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra, 1996; Fife, 2000) and was only recently discovered in the Tasman region in the northernmost part of this island (Ellis et al., 2014d). The species occurs from near sea level to 1330 m a.s.l. in grassland and shrubland, growing on rocks and soil in usually dry and open habitats. Herein, the geographical range of B. curiosissima is extended to the North Island of New Zealand, where it was found at two sites in the Wellington region. Both collections are from the Tararua Ecological District, a system of mainly forested, steep-sided ranges running north from Cook Strait and separating the Wellington area on the west from the Wairarapa Plains to the east. The substrate was greywacke sandstone, which weathers to clay, and the prevailing forest at the elevation of the collections was Nothofagus menziesii mixed broadleaf forest, which tolerates the high rainfall, periodic severe storms and salt-laden gales associated with proximity to Cook Strait. Winds are predominantly from the northwest and occasionally from the south. The two collections were from areas where forest would have grown and where the soil was fully exposed to the elements. The first specimen (M035611) was from a ridge crest rough walking track through an area of low scrub regenerating after past fire, whereas the second one (M035671) was from an unsealed private road, servicing the water catchment that supplies some of Wellington’s water requirements. The genus Bucklandiella Roiv. is currently represented by 12 species in New Zealand, although this number may increase with progress in ongoing monographic studies on this largest segregate of the traditionally conceived genus Racomitrium Brid. (Ochyra et al., 2003). These studies have resulted in the discovery of some new species (Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra, 1996, 2010, 2011; Bednarek-Ochyra et al., 2014), resurrection of some species from oblivion (Ellis et al., 2011; Bednarek-Ochyra, 2014) and new records of species previously known from elsewhere (Blockeel et al., 2008a; Ellis et al., 2014a, b). All of the species of Bucklandiella are known to occur on the South Island, while only four of them have so far been recorded in the North Island, including B. ptychophyllum (Mitt.) Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra (Sainsbury, 1955), B. allanfifei Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra (Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra, 2010), B. seppeltii Bednarek-Ochyra, Ochyra, Sawicki & Szczecińska (Bednarek-Ochyra et al., 2014), and B. chlorocarpa (Paris) Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra (Bednarek-Ochyra, 2014). This number is now increased by one species, B. curiosissima, which is the most distinctive and easiest to recognise from all other congeners. 8. Bucklandiella pachydictyon (Cardot) BednarekOchyra & Ochyra Contributors: H. Bednarek-Ochyra and M. Lebouvier Île Amsterdam: (1) Central part, summit of Mont de la Dives, 880 m a.s.l., 37u50955.70S, 77u32954.970E, in patches of Racomitrium lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid., associated with Anastrophyllum auritum (Lehm.) Steph. and Herbertus dicranus (Taylor) Trevis., 28 November 2007, leg. M. Lebouvier A012/4, A012/5 & A012/7 (KRAM); (2) same locality, South of the summit, 748 m a.s.l., 37u5199.6910S, 77u32950.3990E, on rock, 22 December 2006, leg. M. Lebouvier B06-72 (KRAM). Île Amsterdam is a remote and highly isolated island situated in the south-temperate zone in the South Indian Ocean. The mosses of this island are still very poorly known and so far there have been only two published accounts of them, by Bescherelle (1875) and Tixier (1980), who reported 15 and 20 species, respectively. In addition, some incidental moss records were published by Reichardt (1871) and Potier de la Varde (1949). Recently, two new species of Sphagnum were described (Flatberg et al., 2011) and three more species were added to the island’s moss flora (Blockeel et al., 2009a; Ellis et al., 2012c) and a fourth is reported here. Yet, the actual number of moss species occurring on Île Amsterdam is unknown, as only a few species recorded from the island have been studied taxonomically (Frahm, 1985; Hyvönen, 1991) and the status of some species described from the island is uncertain. The island has not been bryologically surveyed in recent years. The present species was collected in 2006 and 2007 by the second contributor during a study of the island’s flora along a transect from Pointe d’Entrecasteaux on the south-western coast to the summit of Mont de la Dives and in Cratères Vénus. Bucklandiella pachydictyon is an amphiatlantic south-cool-temperate species. It has its main centre of occurrence in southern South America, ranging from the Neuquén Province of Argentina and Cautin Province of Chile to Tierra del Fuego and extending to subantarctic South Georgia (Bell, 1974) and the northern maritime Antarctic, where it occurs in geothermal areas on the volcanic Deception Island (Ochyra et al., 2008a,b; Ellis et al., 2013a). It then reappears at highly disjunct stations in the subantarctic Prince Edward Islands and Îles Crozet (Blockeel et al., 2008a) and in Îles Kerguelen (Cardot, 1916). Its discovery on Île Amsterdam represents a remarkable range extension to the south-warm-temperate zone. Species of the south-cool-temperate element are quite well represented in the hepatic flora of Île Amsterdam, for example by Anastrophyllopsis involutifolia (Mont. ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Váňa & L.Söderstr. (Váňa et al., 2010a) and Jensenia difformis (Nees) Grolle (Váňa et al., 2014), and in the moss flora by Chorisodontium aciphyllum (Hook.f. & Wilson) Broth. (Hyvönen, 1991) and Notoligotrichum trichodon (Hook. & Wilson) G.L.Sm. (Ellis et al., 2012c). 9. Bucklandiella subsecunda (Harv.) BednarekOchyra & Ochyra Contributor: H. Bednarek-Ochyra Mascarenes, Réunion Island: Cirque de Mafate, footpath GR R1 from the Pas de Col du Boeuf (Grand Îlet) to La Nouvelle, 1900 m a.s.l., on boulder at the pass, 3 October 1997, leg. T. Arts RÉU 61/02 (KRAM). Bucklandiella subsecunda was recorded from Réunion Island in the Mascarenes in the western Indian Ocean by Ah-Peng and Bardat (2005). The source of this report was an unpublished manuscript by G. Een, 1993. Herein, this record is substantiated by the citation of a relevant voucher specimen. The occurrence of this species in the Mascarenes completes its palaeotropical/palaeosubtropical range in Asia, including the Sino-Himalayan region, South India, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, the Philippines, and Malesia (Frisvoll, 1988) and sub-Saharan Africa (Ochyra, 1993; Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra, 2013). Additionally, it occurs in the neotropical mountains in Central America (Frisvoll, 1988) and South America (Bednarek-Ochyra et al., 1999; Bednarek-Ochyra & Ochyra, 2012; Blockeel et al., 2002, 2010), occasionally extending to the northern maritime Antarctic where it occurs on heated ground on the volcanic Deception Island in the South Shetland Islands archipelago (Ochyra et al., 2008a,b; Ellis et al., 2013a). 10. Clasmatocolea humilis (Hook.f. & Taylor) Grolle Contributors: J. Váňa, H. Bednarek-Ochyra, and M. Lebouvier Îles Crozet, Île aux Cochons: ‘Cuvette entre Morne Rouge, Sommet Double et Cap Verdoyant’ [depression between Morne Rouge, Sommet Double hills and Cape Verdoyant], ca 46u069330S, 50u179240E, ca 70 m a.s.l., associated with Syzygiella sonderi (Gottsche) K.Feldberg, Váňa, Hentschel & J.Heinrichs, 11 November 1957, leg. Colonel Gentil s.n. (KRAM, PC). Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 71 Îles Crozet is the most extensive archipelago in the Subantarctic which consists of five main volcanic islands stretching about 80 km in a west–east direction. The islands are divided into two groups: a western group of Île aux Cochons, Île des Pingouins, and Îlots des Apôtres and an eastern group comprising Île de la Possession and Île de l’Est, the two largest islands of the archipelago. Île aux Cochons is a volcanic cone, 9 km in diameter and 770 m high. So far, the islands of the western group have not been botanically surveyed and no information about their flora has been published. The only data on the flora and vegetation of the Îles Crozet come from the islands of the eastern group. Some of the islands of the western group have occasionally been visited by members of French expeditions who made some bryophyte collections. They are preserved in the bryophyte herbarium in the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris (PC) and the first contributor located them in 2012. One such collection was made in 1954 by E. Aubert de la Rüe and comprised Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske (Ellis et al., 2012a), another was made in November 1957 by Colonel Gentil and it consists of three species of liverwort. Clasmatocolea humilis is a widespread southpantemperate species, which is common in southern South America and subantarctic South Georgia. It is rare in New Zealand, SE Australia and on subantarctic Macquarie Island (Engel, 1980), and occurs on Tristan da Cunha (Váňa & Engel, 2013) and Île Amsterdam (Váňa et al., 2014). The species is common in the Kerguelen biogeographical province in Subantarctica, where it occurs on all islands except for Heard Island (Váňa & Gremmen, 2005). In Îles Crozet, it was first reported by Kaalaas (1911) from Île de l’Est and subsequently, it was recorded from Île de la Possession (Grolle, 2002). 11. Clastobryum epiphyllum (Renauld & Cardot) B.C.Tan & A.Touw. Contributors: M. Suleiman and M. S. Chua Borneo: Sabah, Tongod District, Imbak Canyon Conservation Area: (1) Bukit Beruang Camp to Pinang-Pinang Camp, 5u01938.040N, 117u02929.460E, on trunk of a shrub in partially shaded area, 700 m a.s.l., 19 September 2011, leg. M. Suleiman & M. S. Chua 4862, det. M. Suleiman, M.S. Chua & B. C. Tan (BORH, SAN, SINU); (2) Pinang-Pinang Camp to Kapur Camp, 5u07934.920N, 117u00912.060E, on fallen branch, 900 m a.s.l., 20 September 2011, leg. M. S. Chua & M. Suleiman 187 (BORH, SAN). Clastobryum epiphyllum is distributed throughout the Malesian region and was previously known from Australia, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam (Tan & Iwatsuki, 1991; Ramsay et al., 2004). This species is 72 Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 characterised by its unipapillose lamina cells and leaves that are not arranged in ranks. It differs from C. cuculligerum (Sande Lac.) Tixier, which has strongly ranked leaves and smooth lamina cells (Tan & Buck, 1989). 12. Cololejeunea schaeferi Grolle Contributors: R. Gabriel, M. Sim-Sim, R. Schumacker and L. Jennings Portugal: Azores: Ilha Terceira (Terceira Island), Porto Martins, Gruta da Madre de Deus, 38u689 300N, 27u069900W, ca 60 m a.s.l, on acidic rock in cave entrance, 22 June 2009, leg. Rosalina Gabriel & Laura Jennings (AZU — LJG 0059). This small member of the Lejeuneaceae differs from other species of the group by its possession of a papillose lobe without an incurved acumen, and a lobule without tangentially elongated cells, but with a one-celled central tooth (Grolle, 1985; Schumacker & Váňa, 2005). The species was described from Madeira and the Canary Islands (Grolle, 1985; Ros et al., 2007) and is considered a link between the floras of these islands (Vanderpoorten et al., 2007). In the Azores, this small liverwort was found in a cave entrance. To our knowledge this is the first record where C. shaeferi was collected at such low altitude and growing directly on rocks. In the other Macaronesian islands, the species was also collected in deep shaded habitats, but mostly in Laurus forests (Grolle, 1985; González-Mancebo et al., 2004), which have also been sampled in the Azores (e.g. Sjögren, 1978; Gabriel & Bates, 2005) without success. This species was considered vulnerable on Madeira Island (Sérgio et al., 2008) and has retained this status following the evaluation of the bryophyte flora of Madeira, using the IUCN criteria revised for small islands [criterion B2ab(ii)(iii)] (Sim-Sim et al., 2014). Species accompanying C. schaeferi in its locality in the Azores include Lejeunea lamacerina (Steph.) Schiffn., Fissidens taxifolius Hedw. subsp. taxifolius and Tetrastichium virens (Cardot) S.P.Churchill. All collected plants were sterile. 13. Didymodon tophaceus (Brid.) Lisa Contributors: H. Kürschner and M. J. Wigginton Oman: Ad Dakhiliyah, Jebel Akhdar, Sayq Plateau, Wadi Bani Habib, 23u049140N, 57u369100E, 1850 m a.s.l., on tufa by seepage, permanently shaded cliff in river gorge, 13 January 2012, leg. M. J. Wigginton 12/OM17 (E, ON). Accompanying species: Eucladium verticillatum (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. This species is usually found growing in wet or moist base-rich sites, especially on dripping cliffs (tufa formation). It is often lime-encrusted and is easily recognised by its broadly ovate to lanceolate, ¡ lingulate leaves with a rounded to obtuse, shortly acute apex. Didymodon tophaceus is widely distributed in south-west Asia (Kürschner & Frey, 2011) and is known in the Arabian Peninsula from Saudi Arabia [Midian Mts., Jebel al-Lawz; Asir Mts., Jebel Shada (Kürschner, 2000) and Yemen [Taizz, Jebel Sabir (Kürschner, 1996)]. The next closest locality to the record from Oman is in Iran [Fars province, between Fahlian and Yasuj, 1420 m a.s.l., on tufa deposits, 19 March 1972, leg. W. Frey 1–1437 (herb. Frey, unpublished record)] just opposite the Persian-Arabian Gulf, from where it could be easily dispersed by water birds. 14. Ectropothecium striatulum Dixon ex E.B.Bartram. Contributors: M. Suleiman and M. S. Chua Borneo: Sabah, Tongod District, Imbak Canyon Conservation Area, Gunung Kuli Research Station: (1) Kuli Waterfall Trail, 5u01935.580N, 117u02934.560E, on rotten log in partially shaded area, 400 m a.s.l., 1 December 2010, leg. M. Suleiman 4418 (BORH, SAN); (2) Riverine Trail, 5u01928.740N, 117u02922.200E, on rotten trunk, 250 m a.s.l., 15 June 2011, leg. M. S. Chua 27 (BORH, SAN); (3) Slope Trail, 5u01921.240N, 117u01935.220E, on rocks, 290 m a.s.l., 16 June 2011, leg. M. S. Chua 59 (BORH, SAN); (4) Tampoi Research Station to Bukit Beruang, 5u06930.960N, 117u02915.960E, on boulder by a stream, 150 m a.s.l., 18 September 2011, leg. M. S. Chua & M. Suleiman 151 (BORH, SAN). This species was previously recorded in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and the Philippines (Bartram, 1939). Ectropothecium striatulum is characterised by its large triangular-lanceolate, plicate stem leaves, measuring up to 2.5 mm long and 0.7 mm wide. Its leaf margins are serrate above and weakly serrulate to smooth below. Careful examination of the basal angle of the leaves shows a single large alar cell. 15. Encalypta affinis R.Hedw. Contributor: V.E. Fedosov Russia: Northern Caucasus, Dagestan Republic, Charodinsky District, vicinity of ‘Karakhskaja Lesnaja Dacha’ forest massif, 42.18uN, 46.46uE, ca 2400 m a.s.l., on a thin soil layer covering a sandstone boulder in the alpine meadow belt, with Ditrichum flexicaule (Schwägr.) Hampe, 11 May 2013 leg. V. Fedosov (MW # 13-1-142). The present record is the first for the the northern Caucasus (i.e. Russian part of the Caucasus). Previously, the species has been found in Georgia and Azerbaijan (Horton, 1983), with both records situated on the southern slope of the Caucasus Mountains. It is a rare mountain species with scattered records throughout the Holarctic, but is most frequent in the Subarctic. 16. Fossombronia wondraczekii (Corda) Dumort. Contributors: S. Poponessi, R. Venanzoni, E. Bricchi and M. Aleffi Italy: Boschi di Ferretto - Bagnolo, Umbria Region, Province of Perugia. This is a Site of Community Importance (SCI) IT5210020, 43u09955.080N, 11u599 41.060E, ca 274 m a.s.l., at the edge of ponds, 9 May 2014, leg. S. Poponessi s.n., det. S. Poponessi and M. Aleffi (PERU). Fossombronia wondraczekii (Corda) Dumort. was found during a bryological survey of the Mediterranean temporary pond systems (priority habitat # 3170*). This constitutes the first record for the Umbria Region and also for central and northern Italy. Its presence in Italy was only recently confirmed at two localities, Campania and Sicilia, while records for Toscana, Calabria, and Emilia Romagna regions have not been confirmed (Aleffi et al., 2008). The area of the Umbrian discovery is quite large, flat and close to Castiglione del Lago (PG), on the west side of Lake Trasimeno in Central Italy. In this area, Mediterranean temporary pond systems are present, purely fed by rainwater. They are scattered in an area of about 2500 ha, covered by a mosaic of natural and anthropogenic landscapes, such as arable, and pig farms, turkey oak forests and subatlantic heathlands close to their southern distributional border (Gigante et al., 2013). Fossombronia wondraczekii is widespread worldwide. It is known from England, Scotland, Wales and less frequently in Ireland, eastern North America, Iceland, continental Europe, Cyprus, North Africa, Mauritius, Réunion, S.W. Asia, Siberia, Sri Lanka, and S.E. Australia (Paton, 1999). In Europe, it is assigned to the circumboreal phytogeographical element, and is mesohygrophilous, photo-sciaphilous and terricolous (Dierßen, 2001; Aleffi & Esposito, 2005). Fossombronia wondraczekii has leaves distant to closely imbricate, horizontal to erect, nearly plane or crispate, to 2 mm wide and 1.8 mm long. It is a rather bright green with black, spherical capsules when ripe. F. wondraczekii cannot be determined in the absence of mature sporophytes. The spores are easily recognizable by the numerous lamellae on the distal surface and the numerous marginal spines and tubercles (Paton, 1999). The lamellae are occasionally fragmentary and may be represented locally by small spines (Müller, 1951–1958), elaters are usually bispiral, occasionally trispiral. 17. Gymnomitrion noguchianum S.Hatt. Contributors: S.S. Choi, V.A. Bakalin, S.J. Park and B.-Y. Sun Republic of Korea: Jeju Province, Mount Halla, Baekrokdam, 33u21951.00N 126u31942.90E, 1814 m a.s.l., on shaded rocks, 6 September 2012, leg. S.S. Choi 120819 (JNU). Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 73 Until now, Gymnomitrion noguchianum has been regarded as rare, and restricted to volcanic mountains in Japan (Honshu, Kyushu) (Kitagawa, 1963; Yamada & Iwatsuki, 2006). This is the first record of the species for the Korean Peninsula and outside Japan. It was found on the exterior wall of the volcanic crater of Mt Halla. 18. Isopterygiopsis pulchella (Hedw.) Z.Iwats. Contributor: H. Bednarek-Ochyra Îles Crozet, Île de la Possession: (1) rocky gorge north-west of Mont Branca, bank of Rivière du Camp, 46u259410S, 51u499370E, 125 m a.s.l., on wet sheltered soil in rock overhang, 15 January 1979, leg. B. G. Bell 1835 (AAS, KRAM); (2) rock outcrop overlooking Rivière du Camp, north-east of Mont Branca, 46u259490S, 51u509380E, 200 m a.s.l., in sheltered moist rock crevices, 23 February 1979, leg. B. G. Bell 2540 (AAS, KRAM); (3) Valley des Branloires, 1.5 km of Pt. 95 by Les Deux Roquines, 46u249230S, 51u469099E, 100 m a.s.l., on undersurface of rock overhang, 9 March 1979, leg. B. G. Bell 2870 (AAS, KRAM). The occurrence of Isopterygiopsis pulchella in the Îles Crozet was expected since there are no phytogeographical or other reasons why this species could not occur in this subantarctic archipelago. It has a wide panholantarctic range and it is known from most subantarctic islands, including South Georgia (Ochyra et al., 2002a), the Prince Edward Islands (Zanten, 1971), and Îles Kerguelen (Cardot, 1916). In addition, it has penetrated to the maritime Antarctic, Tierra del Fuego, Lesotho in southern Africa and is widespread throughout New Zealand (Ochyra et al., 2008b). Recently it was also found in SE Australia (Iwatsuki & Ramsay, 2009). For a long time, the Îles Crozet was the least studied group of islands in the Subantarctic but in recent decades a number of species have been recorded in this archipelago (e.g. Blockeel et al., 2006, 2007a,b, 2009b, 2010; Ellis et al., 2013b,c,d), increasing the moss flora to about 70 species. 19. Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dumort. Contributors: J. Váňa, H. Bednarek-Ochyra and M. Lebouvier Îles Crozet, Île aux Cochons: ‘Cuvette entre Morne Rouge, Sommet Double et Cap Verdoyant’ [depression between the Morne Rouge, Sommet Double hills and Cape Verdoyant], ca 46u069330S, 50u179 240E, ca 70 m a.s.l., 11 November 1957, leg. Colonel Gentil s.n. (KRAM, PC). Lophocolea bidentata was reported from Île de La Possession and Île de l’Est in the Îles Crozet archipelago by Kaalaas (1911) but Grolle (1971a) showed that the voucher specimens correctly belonged to L. randii S.W.Arnell. Thus, the present record from Île aux Cochons actually represents the 74 Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 first discovery of the species in this archipelago. Although L. bidentata is sometimes designated as a subcosmopolitan species, it is absent from major parts of the globe, including Oceania and tropical Asia, and in the tropics of Africa and America, it occurs primarily in the mountains. Hence, it could be designated rather as a bipolar species having numerous intermediate localities in the tropical mountains. The designation of the distribution pattern of the species is markedly hampered by still unresolved taxonomic problems within the L. bidentata complex which consists of several closely related species whose status has not been satisfactorily clarified, despite a number of studies employing both classical and experimental methods. These issues are discussed in detail by Váňa & Engel (2013) who considered them to be within the genus Chiloscyphus Corda. In the Southern Ocean, the plants morphologically corresponding to L. bidentata in the strict sense are known from Tristan da Cunha (Váňa & Engel, 2013), whereas the records from Île Saint-Paul in the south-cool-temperate zone and subantarctic Îles Kerguelen and Heard Island refer to the L. bidentata complex, as Grolle (2002) did not separate the narrow species within it. Grolle (2002) reported 41 species of liverwort from Îles Crozet, including 17 from Île de l’Est and 39 from Île de la Possession. Since then, two more species have been added to the hepatic flora of the latter island, Fossombornia australis Mitt. (Blockeel et al., 2008b) and Pachyglossa grolleana Váňa (Ellis et al., 2012a). Thus, at present, it consists of 44 species, which is the same number of species Grolle (2002) recorded from the Prince Edward Islands, another subantarctic archipelago in the Kerguelen biogeographical province. However, since then, no fewer than 11 species have been added to the hepatic flora of this small archipelago (Váňa & Gremen, 2005; Blockeel et al., 2010; Váňa et al., 2009, 2010b; Ellis et al., 2010, 2013a, 2014a; Váňa, 2013) and consequently, the hepatic flora of Îles Crozet is the second richest in the Kerguelen biogeographical province, after the Prince Edward Islands. 20. Lophocolea himalayensis A.Srivast. & S.C.Srivast. Contributors: D.K. Singh, D. Singh, S. Majumdar and S. Singh Deo India: Eastern Himalayas, Sikkim, West district, 2 km from Hilley towards Barsey, 27u11926.20N, 88u07923.50E, ca 2729 m a.s.l., 8 March 2009, leg. D. Singh and S. Majumdar (CAL 46413). Lophocolea himalayensis has been reported in India from Uttarakhand in the Western Himalayas (Srivastava & Srivastava, 2002) and is currently thought to be endemic to the country. During an investigation of liverworts and hornworts in the Eastern Himalayas, the species was collected from Sikkim, growing terrestrially in association with mosses. This extends its known distribution from the Western Himalayas to the Eastern Himalayas. Lophocolea himalayensis closely resembles L. minor Nees in the general appearance of its leaves and underleaves. However, it can be easily separated by its larger size (12–30 mm long, 1.0–2.1 mm wide); leaves usually imbricate–contiguous (distant in older portions), bilobed to M–K of their length with the leaf apex always narrower than the base and producing few gemmae. In contrast, L. minor has plants, 5–14 mm long, 0.5–1.3 mm wide, usually with distant (rarely contiguous) leaves that are bilobed for up to a J of their length, with the leaf apex narrower than, or as broad as, the leaf base, and producing abundant, usually filamentous gemmae (see also Srivastava & Srivastava, 2002; Singh & Singh, 2009). Srivastava and Srivastava (2002) reported the rare presence of a single tooth on one or both margins of the leaves in the West Himalayan plants, but we have not observed such a tooth in the specimens from Sikkim. 21. Macromitrium orthostichum Nees ex Schwägr. Contributors: M. Suleiman and M. S. Chua Borneo: Sabah, Tambunan District, Crocker Range Park: (1) Mile 32 to Longkogungan Village, 5u499 58.20N, 116u19919.80E, on boulder by a river in a secondary forest, 650 m a.s.l., 22 September 2008, leg. M. Suleiman & D. P. Masundang 3992 (BORH, SNP); (2) Bolotikon Village to Melungung Camp, 5u39937.20N, 116u15929.40E, on fallen log in a secondary forest, 800 m a.s.l., 25 September 2008, leg. M. Suleiman & D. P. Masundang 4093 (BORH, SNP); (3) Tongod District: Imbak Canyon Conservation Area, Gunung Kuli Research Station, Kuli Waterfall Trail, 05u01935.580N, 117u02934.560E, growing intermingled with Macromitrium fuscescens Schwägr. and Meiothecium microcarpum (Harv.) Mitt. on fallen branches in partially shaded area, 400 m a.s.l., 1 Dec. 2010, leg. M. Suleiman 4449b, det. K. T. Yong (BORH, SAN). This species is known from Peninsular Malaysia, Moluccas, New Guinea, the Philippines, Sulawesi, and Sumatra; thus, it is not surprising to find it on the neighbouring island of Borneo. It can be distinguished from other species of the genus by its small size, leaves arranged in five ranks, costae shortly excurrent in a mucro, and one to a few marginal cells at the base of leaves generating adventitious filaments or rhizoids. 22. Microbryum davallianum (Sm.) R.H.Zander [Pottia davalliana (Sm.) C.E.O.Jensen] Contributors: H. Kürschner and M. J. Wigginton Oman: Ad Dakhiliyah. Jebel Akhdar, Sayq Plateau, Wadi Bani Habib, 23u049140N, 57u369100E, 1850 m a.s.l., on moist clay near spring at base of permanently shaded cliff in river gorge, 13 January 2012, leg. M. J. Wigginton 12/OM8 (E, ON). Accompanying species: Barbula bolleana (Müll.Hal.) Broth., Entosthodon attenuatus (Dicks.) Bryhn, Microbryum starckeanum (Hedw.) R.H.Zander, Timmiella barbuloides (Brid.) Mönk. Microbryum davallianum is an ephemeral, minute moss close to M. starckeanum (Hedw.) R.H.Zander, which is recorded from the same site. It is distinguished from M. starckeanum by its spiny spores in contrast to the warty to tuberculate spores of M. starckeanum. According to Ros et al. (1996), the spore morphology is the only reliable character that separates the two species. Widely distributed in south-west Asia (Kürschner & Frey, 2011), M. davallianum is known in the Arabian Peninsula from Saudi Arabia [Midian Mountains, Jebel Dabbagh (Kürschner, 2000)] and the United Arab Emirates [Southern Musandam Peninsula, Hajar Mountains, Dibba-Masafi area, (Kürschner & Böer, 1999)]. The latter site represents the closest locality to the new record from Oman. 23. Myurella sibirica (Müll.Hal.) Reimers Contributor: S. Ştefănuţ Romania: Southern Carpathians, Piatra Craiului Mountains, Padina Popii Peak, Braşov County, 45u339030N, 25u149210E, 2010 m a.s.l., on limestone rocks, 30 July 2014, leg. & det. S. Ştefănuţ, conf. B. Papp (BUCA B4651). Myurella sibirica occurred in the alpine area, in rock crevices, along with Metzgeria pubescens (Schrank) Raddi, Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp., Ditrichum gracile (Mitt.) Kuntze, Orthotrichum anomalum Hedw., Pseudoleskeella nervosa (Brid.) Nyholm, Syntrichia montana Nees, and Tortella bambergeri (Schimp.) Broth. Two liverworts, Scapania gymnostomophila Kaal. and Blepharostoma trichophyllum (L.) Dumort. var. brevirete Bryhn & Kaal. both very rare in Romania, were found near this area (on Ascuţit Peak, 2100 m a.s.l., 29 July 2014, leg. & det. S. Ştefănuţ). This is the first report of Myurella sibirica for Romania and the south-eastern Carpathians (Sabovljević et al., 2008; Ştefănuţ & Goia, 2012). The nearest other localities for this species are in Serbia (Papp et al., 2014). The conservation status of M. sibirica in Romania is Critically Endangered — CR B1ab(ii,iii)z2ab(ii,iii). In Europe, M. sibirica has been reported from Austria, Slovakia, Italy, Slovenia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, and European Russia (Papp et al., 2014). 24. Orthotrichum dagestanicum Fedosov & Ignatova Contributors: V. Plášek, A. Nowak, M. Nobis, L. Čı́hal and J. Sawicki Middle Asia, Kyrgyzstan: Tian-Shan Range, Kyungei Mountains, northern edge of Issyk-Kul Lake, between Cholpon Ata and Grigorievka towns, Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 75 2 km SW of Korumdu village, on exposed granite boulder, GPS coordinates (WGS 84): 42u40.399N, 77u19.219E, 1615 m a.s.l., 12 June 2013, leg. V. Plášek s.n. (KRAM, OSTR). A total of 17 taxa of the genus Orthotrichum Hedw. (incl. Nyholmiella Holmen & Warncke) have previously been reported from Kyrgyzstan (Lazarenko, 1938; Rakhmatulina, 1970, 1990; Lewinsky-Haapasaari, 1994; Mamatkulov et al., 1998; Ignatov et al., 2006; Ellis et al., 2014c,d). The specimen cited above is an epilithic moss new to the bryoflora of Kyrgyzstan and moreover a first find in the territory of the Middle Asia. The species was described only recently (Fedosov & Ignatova, 2010) from the Dagestan Republic (federal subject of Russia), which is located in the Eastern Caucasus region. Until now, it had not been found outside of Dagestan (Fedosov, pers. comm., August 2014). It was thus surprising that the moss was recorded in Kyrgyzstan, in a locality situated almost 2500 km to the north-east. In Kyrgyzstan, Orthotrichum dagestanicum was first collected in 2013 by the Czech-Polish Expedition in the northeastern part of the country, in a xeric area of the southern foreland of the Kyungei Mountains (central Tian-Shan Range). Cushions of the species covered the granite boulders among shrub vegetation, situated between a public road and the northern bank of the Issyk-Kul Lake. All the observed populations were richly fertile. Examples of associated species include Orthotrichum anomalum Hedw. and O. pumilum Sw. ex anon. Superficially, Orthotrichum dagestanicum most resembles O. diaphanum Schrad ex Brid., but it can be easily distinguished, in particularly by the configuration of its peristome. The exostome of O. dagestanicum consists of eight pairs of teeth, reflexed and appressed to the urn wall, whereas O. diaphanum has 16 unpaired exostome teeth, spreading in the open capsule. Also, the number of endostome segments is different in these species (O. dagestanicum 8, O. diaphanum 16). Moreover, the presence of O. diaphanum in Kyrgyzstan is uncertain, as it is known only from the literature (cf. Rakhmatulina, 1970) and no specimens were found either in the field or during the revision of herbarium collections (TAD, LE, W, PC, H, S). The similar species, Orthotrichum vittii F. Lara, Garilleti & Mazimpaka, which was recently recorded from the Spain, France, and Northern Africa (Lara et al., 1999; Lara & Mazimpaka, 2001; Draper et al., 2006) differs mainly in possessing 16 distinctly appendiculate endostome segments. 25. Plagiochila biondiana C.Massal. Contributors: D. Singh and D.K. Singh 76 Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 India: Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim, North district, Samdung, 27u46924.40N, 88u21908.90E, ca 3419 m a.s.l., 27 March 2013, leg. D. Singh (CAL 60551, 60552); Yathang, 27u50910.00N, 88u32958.00E, ca 3590 m a.s.l., 27 March 2013, leg. D. Singh (CAL 60557A, 60561, 60563). Plagiochila biondiana was described by Massalongo (1897) based on sterile plants collected by Pater J. Giraldi in 1894 from Schen-si (Shaanxi) in China. Later Stephani (1906) reported the species from China on the basis of the same (type) collection. More recently, So (2001) recorded it from two additional localities in China, viz. Sichuan and Xizang. During an investigation of liverworts and hornworts in Sikkim, P. biondiana was collected from the North district of Sikkim, growing terrestrially in alpine scrub and meadows, in association with Apometzgeria pubescens (Schrank) Kuwah. and mosses. In their vegetative features, the Indian plants of P. biondiana fully conform to those of the type material, and other Chinese specimens. Even the occasional presence of small triradiate trigones in the median leaf cells of Indian plants match the illustration by Massalongo (1897: Table I, Figure II9). However, in the presence of a perianth with a spinose-dentate mouth, our plants show some deviation from the Chinese material (other than the type) in which So (2001: Figure 46i) has described and illustrated the perianth with an entire mouth. Among the Indian species of the genus, P. biondiana resembles P. poeltii in general appearance. However, it is easily distinguishable from the latter, which has oblong-ovate to sub-orbicular, 0.5–0.8 mm wide leaves with 3–5(–8) teeth along the margin, or sometimes entire, and the leaf cells with large, nodulose trigones. In contrast, the leaves in P. biondiana are imbricate-contiguous, obliquely inserted, laterally appressed to the stem, ventrally secund, orbicular, 1.2–1.661.1–1.6 mm, with the dorsal margin recurved, longly decurrent, and apex broadly rounded; the ventral margin is arched, toothed, the base shortly decurrent, with 13– 27 teeth per leaf, 1–2 (–3) cells long; the leaf cells are moderately thick-walled, trigones are absent, or only occasionally present in median leaf cells. Hitherto, Plagiochila biondiana has been considered endemic to China, and has been recorded from three different locations in that country (So, 2001). There has apparently been no report that the species has been collected again from its type locality in Shaanxi since its original collection in 1894. So (2001) considered the species as rare. This discovery in the Indian bryoflora extends the known distribution of P. biondiana south and south-westwards. The Indian populations of P. biondiana are luxuriant and do not face any immediate anthropogenic threat. 26. Plagiothecium denticulatum (Hedw.) Schimp. var. obtusifolium (Turner) Moore Contributors: S. Poponessi, M. G. Mariotti, R. Venanzoni and M. Aleffi Italy: Parco dell’Aveto, Province of Genova, Liguria Region. Site of Community Importance (SCI) IT1331104, at the Lago del Monte Penna, 42u299 03.340N, 9u29925.790E, growing in rock crevices near the bog, ca 1464 m a.s.l., 23 July 2014, leg. M. Aleffi, det. S. Poponessi s.n. (GE). Plagiothecium denticulatum. var. obtusifolium was identified during a bryological survey of the Parco dell’Aveto. Hitherto, it was known from only three regions in Italy: Piemonte, Trentino-Alto Adige, and Friuli Venezia-Giulia (Aleffi et al., 2008). This is a new record for the Liguria Region and the first for the Apennines. In the Mediterranean area, the taxon is quite rare, reported only from Montenegro (Cros, 1985) and Serbia (Papp & Erzberger, 2007), Bulgaria, Spain, France, Italy, and Turkey (Ros et al., 2013). The area of discovery is characterised by a periglacial boulder field in a beech forest with clearings occupied by wetlands (bogs, fens, and swamps) dominated by small sedge and brown moss communities developed on permanently waterlogged soils. Plagiothecium denticulatum var. obtusifolium is a circumpolar boreo-temperate species (Smith, 2004). It is recognizable in the field by its shortly pointed leaves. Despite the epithet, the leaf tip varies from blunt to broadly acute. Inclined, shortly cylindrical (about 2 mm long) capsules were present. 27. Plagiothecium standleyi E.B.Bartram Contributor: H. Bednarek-Ochyra Kenya: Aberdare Mountains, Sattima Route, 3900 m a.s.l., 21 January 1995, leg. Chuah-Petiot Ab169d (NY). Plagiothecium standleyi is a very rare altimontane species which so far has been recorded from Uganda in Central Africa (Ochyra et al., 2002b) and Ethiopia in East Africa (Ellis et al., 2012b). Here, its geographical range in East Africa is extended to Kenya where it has been discovered in the Aberdare Mountains. The species has its maximum occurrence in the Neotropics where it is common in the American Cordillera, ranging from southern Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela in northern South America (Buck & Ireland, 1989). It has long been known as P. drepanophyllum Renauld & Cardot, but the type material of this species is actually identical to Lepidopilum scabrisetum (Schwägr.) Steere and the oldest available name for it proved to be P. standleyi (Ochyra & Buck, 2002). P. standleyi belongs to the group of about 80 Afro-American montane moss species (e.g. Frahm, 1982; Buck & Griffin, 1984; Ochyra et al., 1992; Zomlefer, 1993; Orbán, 2000; Ochyra & Ireland, 2004; Wilbraham & Matcham, 2010), which is increasingly expanding owing to progress in the taxonomic studies on tropical mosses, and the exploration of underworked regions in tropical Africa and America. 28. Ptychostomum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) J.R. Spence & H.P.Ramsay Contributors: R. Gupta, V. Nath and A. K. Asthana India: Central India, Madhya Pradesh, Chhindwara, Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, Panchali Kund, 22u469N, 78u439E, on soil, ca 944 m a.s.l., 7 November 2011, leg. A.K. Asthana and R. Gupta s.n. (LWG 263162); Bee Dam, 22u469N, 78u439E, on soil, ca 970 m.s.l., 8 November 2011, leg. A.K. Asthana and R. Gupta s.n. (LWG 263195); Irene Pool, 22u469N, 78u439E, on soil covered rocks, ca 1015 m a.s.l., 8 November 2011, leg. A.K. Asthana and R. Gupta s.n. (LWG 264807). This species was cited as Bryum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb., and Indian material described in detail by Gangulee (1974). However, Spence and Ramsay (2005) placed B. pseudotriquetrum in Ptychostomum, forming the combination used here. This variable moss has been recorded in southern India and the Himalayas, but is a new addition to the moss flora of central India. The specimen was found growing on moist soil near a stream, and soil covered rocks. The plants were tall, robust, dark green above, reddish below, up to 35 mm high, with up to two subfloral innovations. The leaves were lax and distant low on the stem, but dense above forming a coma; erectopatent, oblong, lanceolate, tapering gradually into an acute apex; the leaf margins were revolute and distinctly differentiated, formed by two or three rows of yellow linear cells; entire proximally but denticulate at the apex; the costa was reddish-brown to deep brown, extending into an arista. Laminal cells were rectangular in the leaf base and rhomboidal above. 29. Radula retroflexa Taylor Contributors: D.K. Singh, D. Singh, S. Majumdar and S. Singh Deo India: Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh, Anjaw district, 8 km on the way to Hoilang from Khupa, 27u499560N, 94u399100E, ca 820 m a.s.l., 18 April 2010, leg. S. Majumdar s.n. (CAL 47899); Sikkim, North district, Passidong, 27u33906.70N, 88u27932.10E, ca 923 m a.s.l., 28 November 2009, leg. D. Singh s.n. (CAL 46719); 01 April 2013, leg. D. Singh s.n. (CAL 60586). Radula retroflexa, known from Africa, Australia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Marquises Island, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Philippines, Samoa, Sri Lanka, Tahiti, Taiwan, Thailand, Vanuatu (Yamada, 1979; Onraedt, 1981; Piippo, 1990; So, 2005, 2006; McCarthy, 2006; Lai et al., 2008; Wigginton, 2009; Chuah-Petiot, Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 77 2011; Söderström et al., 2010, 2011; Thouvenot et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2011), is recorded here from India for the first time, where it occurred on soil and bark. Radula retroflexa is easily distinguished from other Indian species of Radula in having strongly falcate leaf lobes, leaf cells with long triradiate trigones and intermediate thickenings, and the apices of leaf lobules strongly turning away from the stem. 30. Riccardia planiflora (Steph.) S.Hatt. Contributors: S.S. Choi, V.A. Bakalin, S.J. Park and B.-Y. Sun Republic of Korea: Jeju Province, Halla Mountain., Tamla Valley, 33u24901.50N, 126u32927.30E, 864 m a.s.l., on decaying wood, 25 September 2012, leg. S.S. Choi 121000 (JNU). Until now, Riccardia planiflora was considered to be restricted to Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu) (Furuki, 1991; Yamada & Iwatsuki, 2006). This is the first record of the species outside Japan, in the Korean Peninsula. R. planiflora would be expected to have a temperate East Asian distribution. 31. Seligeria campylopoda Kindb. Contributor: V. Fedosov Russia: Northern Caucasus, Dagestan Republic, Charodinskij District, vicinity of ‘Karakhskaja Lesnaja Dacha’ forest massif, 42.18uN, 46.46uE, ca 2400 m a.s.l., steep rocky slope in alpine belt, on moist shaded surface of sandstone boulder near waterfall with Encalypta ciliata Hedw., Eurhynchiastrum pulchellum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen, Fissidens bryoides Hedw., 11 May 2013, leg. V. Fedosov (MW # 13-1-153). First recorded in the Caucasus, S. campylopoda is the most widespread species of Seligeria in Russia. It has scattered localities in the East-European Plain, in places where calcareous deposits outcrop. In the Urals and Siberian mountains, it colonises calcareous sandstones and pyroxenites, rich in melilite ultrabasic to gneiss rocks. This is the only Seligeria species known from the Russian Far East, excepting the Arctic region (Fedosov et al., 2012). The record of S. recurvata (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. from the south of Primorskij Province (Bardunov & Cherdantseva, 1982) apparently is also of S. campylopoda. Outside of Russia the species is widespread in Europe and North America. Contributor: A. Bergamini Switzerland: (1) Canton of Neuchâtel, Pierre Gelée above Peseux, 46u599410N, 6u529370E [approx. coordinates; ¡300 m], 725 m a.s.l., 23 May 1923, leg. P. Culmann (as S. recuvata), rev. L. Gos, conf. A. Bergamini (Z/ZT); (2) Canton of Schaffhausen, Schleitheim, below Baggenbrunnen, in a humid, forested gorge on small calcareous rocks on the forest floor, 47u459220N, 8u289210E, 490 m a.s.l., 78 Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 9 March 2014, leg. A. Bergamini 14–36, conf. N Schnyder (private herbarium). Seligeria campylopda is a widely distributed Holarctic species with known occurrences in North America, Europe and Asian Russia (Gos & Ochyra, 1994). In Switzerland it is neither listed in the recent checklist (Meier et al., 2013) nor in the moss flora of Switzerland (Amann et al., 1918; Amann, 1933). A recent finding of a population of this species in a humid, forested gorge on calcareous rocks was thus considered to be the first record of S. campylopoda in Switzerland. However, a search in the herbarium Z/ ZT in Zurich revealed a specimen of this species from Switzerland revised by Lidia Gos in 1991, which was, however, not cited in Gos & Ochyra (1994). This specimen had been collected by Culmann in 1923 and identified by him as S. recuvata (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. Apparently, after the revision, the specimen was put back into the herbarium without anybody realising that it represented a species new for Switzerland. Seligeria campylopoda was described by Kindberg in 1892 (Macoun & Kindberg, 1892), but Limpricht (1903) considered it as identical to S. recurvata var. pumila Lindb. According to Blockeel et al. (2000a), however, this variety is best placed into synonymy with S. diversifolia Lindb. The treatment of S. campylopoda as synonym of S. recurvata var. pumila by Limpricht (1903) and many subsequent authors in central Europe may be the main reason why S. campylopoda had not been reported much earlier from Switzerland. 32. Sematophyllum adnatum (Michx.) E.Britton Contributor: N. Schnyder Switzerland: (1) Canton of Ticino, Sementina, Boschetti, alluvial forest, on dead wood, 46u109 350N, 8u589090E, 212 m a.s.l., 15 May 2014, leg. N. Schnyder, conf. M. Lüth (private herbarium); (2) Canton of Ticino, Locarno, Bolle di Magadino (Bolette), alluvial forest, on dead wood, 46u099160N, 8u519430E, 195 m a.s.l., 13 May 2014, leg. N. Schnyder, conf. M. Lüth (private herbarium). Sematophyllum adnatum was originally recorded for North and South America and in tropical Africa (Blockeel et al., 2000b). In Europe, it was first found by G. Brusa in 1999, in Lombardy, northern Italy. Later it was found at several places in the Italian regions of Lombardy and Piemont (distibution map in Brusa, 2001). Until now, it had not been found in any other European country. Brusa assumed that the species was unintentionally introduced to Italy through the import of exotic plants. In Italy, S. adnatum grows on tree trunks, especially Quercus spp. and on dead wood. The species is autoicous and regularly produces characteristic erect sporophytes. Therefore, it may spread quickly to suitable habitats. Frahm (2014) assumed that this species could have reached Europe by long-distance wind dispersal from North America as other tropical or subtropical species may have done. In January 2014, Jan-Peter Frahm wrote in an e-mail that he expected the species also to occur in southern Switzerland in the canton of Ticino and that he would have liked to have searched for it there. Sadly, his sudden death did not leave him time to look for it. During fieldwork for a monitoring project in alluvial forests in Ticino, I happened to find this species, confirming Jan-Peter Frahm’s expectation. 33. Sphenolobopsis pearsonii (Spruce) R.M.Schust. Contributors: S.S. Choi, V.A. Bakalin, S.J. Park and B.-Y. Sun Republic of Korea: Gangwon Prov., Seolak Mt., Cheonbuldong valley, 38u08910.90N, 128u28924.10E, 806 m a.s.l., on shaded wet rocks, 13 May 2011, leg. S.S. Choi 110394 (JNU). Sphenolobopsis pearsonii is a largely boreal species, which occurs rarely in oceanic western Europe, NW America and on Tristan da Cunha (Schumacker & Váňa, 2005; Engel & Glenny, 2008; Damsholt, 2009). In Asia, it is known from Japan (Honshu, Shikoku) and China (Taiwan) (Pippo, 1990; Yamada & Iwatsuki, 2006). This is the first record of the species for the Korean Peninsula where it was found in the coniferous forest of Mount Seolak. 34. Syntrichia leucostega var. trachyneura (Dixon) R.H.Zander Contributor: M.T. Gallego Namibia: Sperrgebiet, Heioab, 9 September 1992, 1080 m a.s.l., stony SW slopes S of beacon, occasional groups of plants on ledges, leg. E.G.H. Oliver 1028, det. S.M. Perold (1993) as Tortula papillosa Wilson, rev. M.T. Gallego 2014 (PRE). Syntrichia leucostega var. trachyneura is an African endemic recorded from Free State, Mpumalanga, Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, and Western Cape Provinces of South Africa (van Rooy, 2003; O’Shea, 2006). Here, this variety is reported for the first time from Namibia. It is characterised by its lingulate to lingulate-spathulate leaves, that are weakly constricted at the middle, leaf margins recurved in the proximal two thirds, unbordered, lamina regularly unistratose throughout, upper and mid-lamina cells 12.5–256 11.5–17.5(20) mm, costa ending in a spinose and hyaline hair point, and costal transverse section with 4–6(8) dorsal stereid rows and with hydroids. A significant character is the strong papillosity of the costa on the dorsal surface, with large spinose papillae up to 85 mm high: more rarely, papillae are bifurcate to shortly-branched. It is common to find this species without sporophytes and with multicellular elliptical costal gemmae, which occur mainly on the upper ventral surface of the leaves. As illustrated by Kramer (1988), the striking papillosity of the costa and the costal propagula are also present in the Circum-Tethyan Syntrichia rigescens (Broth. & Geh.) Ochyra, but these taxa can be readily distinguished by their differently sized and stratified lamina cells. According to Gallego et al. (2002), S. rigescens is recognised by its partially bistratose upper and mid-lamina cells, 7.5–10(12.5)67.5–10(12.5) mm, and the pedicellate, bifurcate or stellately branched costal papillae, 10–17.5(35) mm high. In addition, its leaves tend to be ovate and to present bands of substereids in cross-sections of the costa. 35. Syrrhopodon parasiticus (Brid.) Besch. Contributors: M. C. Nair, K. M. Manjula and K. P. Rajesh India: Kerala, Wayanad (Kuruva dweep) 800 m a.s.l., 25 September 2013, leg. K.M. Manjula 861b, 865b & 862b (ZGC). Syrrhopodon Schwägr. is a genus of about 116 species (O’Shea, 2001) with a largely pantropical distribution. Gangulee (1972) reported six species as occurring in India (S. rufescens Hook. & Grev., S. spiculosus Hook. & Grev., S. gardneri (Hook.) Schwägr., S. assamicus H.Rob. [5S. semiliberus (Mitt.) Paris], S. larminatii Broth. & Paris [5S. armatus Mitt.], and S. subconfertus Broth. [5S. confertus Sande Lac.]). He did not include S. prolifer Schwägr. in his treatment, which had been recorded from the Palni Hills (Western Ghats) as both S. calymperoides Cardot & P.de la Varde and S. leucophanoides Cardot & P.de la Varde (Foreau, 1930). Subsequently, S. prolifer (along with S. gardneri) was also recorded for the southern Indian state of Kerala (Nair et al., 2008). During our recent field trips to the Western Ghats of Wayanad, we collected Syrrhopodon parasiticus from branches and twigs, along with Fissidens sp. S. parasiticus is an almost pantropical species, known from neighbouring regions (China, Thailand, Laos, and the East African Islands) This is a new record for Kerala and India. The plants occurred in dense mats, were highly branched, and densely matted with rhizoids below. The lingulate to lanceolate leaves, at 3.5–4 mm long, were more crowded towards the tips of the shoots and became contorted when dry. They showed the features characteristic of the species, with the cells of the chlorophyllose lamina ventrally acutely protuberant and dorsally unipapillose; a basal hyaline lamina with an acute apex, and a leaf margin, which along the lower chlorophyllose limb was formed by a thin band of stereids, but distally was undifferentiated and often minutely serrate. 36. Syzygiella sonderi (Gottsche) K.Feldberg, Váňa, Hentschel & J.Heinrichs Contributors: J. Váňa, H. Bednarek-Ochyra and M. Lebouvier Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 79 Îles Crozet, Île aux Cochons: ‘Cuvette entre Morne Rouge et Montagne Double’ [depression between the Morne Rouge and Sommet Double hills], ca 46u069330S, 50u179240E, ca 70 m, associated with Clasmatocolea humilis (Hook.f. & Taylor) Grolle, 11 November 1957, leg. Colonel Gentil s.n. (KRAM, PC). This species has long been known as Cryptochila grandiflora (Lindenb. & Gottsche) Grolle but has recently been transferred to Syzygiella Spruce (Feldberg et al., 2010) and for strictly nomenclatural reasons, its specific epithet had to be replaced by sonderi, because the potential combination of the epithet grandiflora under Syzygiella is blocked by S. grandiflora Steph. of 1917, and the oldest available epithet is Jungermannia sonderi Gottsche of 1857. The species was recorded for the first time from Île de la Possession and Île de l’Est, which belong to the eastern groups of the Îles Crozet archipelago, by Grolle (1971a,b), among others, on the basis of specimens which were incorrectly reported from these islands by Kaalaas (1911) as Jamesoniella colorata (Lehm.) Schiffn. Herein, the species is reported for the first time from Île aux Cochons which belongs to the western island group of this archipelago. Syzygiella sonderi is a widely distributed southpantemperate species, penetrating into the northern maritime Antarctic and tropical mountains (see global distribution maps in Engel, 1990: 100 and Bednarek-Ochyra et al., 2000: 114). In South America it ranges from Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland Islands, along the Andean chain (central and northern Chile, Bolivia, Peru), to the northern Andes of Ecuador and Colombia. Its range extends to the Juan Fernández Islands and some refugia in eastern Argentina and SE Brazil, and re-appears in Panama (Stotler et al., 1998), Costa Rica (Dauphin, 2005), and Guatemala in Central America. In Africa, the species is rare in the south (the Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal) and east (Malawi) of the continent, and on the islands of the East African Indian Ocean (Madagascar and Réunion) (Wigginton, 2009). In addition, it occurs on the oceanic islands in the southwarm-temperate zone, including Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic Ocean (Váňa & Engel, 2013) and Île Amsterdam in the South Indian Ocean (Váňa et al., 2014). In Australasia, S. sonderii is frequent in New Zealand and rare in Tasmania and SE Australia, while in Oceania, is known only from high elevations in New Guinea (Grolle, 1971b). In Asia, it is known only from altimontane stations in Borneo (Váňa, 1975). The species is also known from subantarctic South Georgia (Hässel de Menéndez & Rubies, 2009) and all islands in the Kerguelen biogeographical province (Grolle, 2002). 80 Journal of Bryology 2015 VOL . 37 NO . 1 37. Taxithelium cf. oblongifolium (Sull. & Lesq.) Z.Iwats. Contributors: M. Suleiman and M.S. Chua Borneo: Sabah, Tongod District, Imbak Canyon Conservation Area, Gunung Kuli Research Station: (1) Ridge Trail, 5u01910.860N, 117u01901.320E, on shrub trunk in partially shaded area, 900 m a.s.l., 30 November 2010, leg. M. Suleiman 4341b, det. B. C. Tan (BORH, SAN, SINU); (2) Tampoi Research Station to Bukit Beruang, 5u06930.960N, 117u029 15.960E, on moist rock, 300 m a.s.l., 18 September 2011, leg. M.S. Chua & M. Suleiman 158 (BORH, SAN). Taxithelium oblongifolium was first reported as an endemic species from the Philippines, as Taxithelium batanense Bartr. (Bartram, 1939). T. batanense was later synonymised under the former taxon, which was previously considered a Hong Kong endemic (Iwatsuki, 1966; Tan and But, 1997). The geographical range of this species is now extended to China and Japan (Tan & Iwatsuki, 1991; Tan & But, 1997; Iwatsuki, 2004; Yu et al., 2005). The gradually acuminate leaf apices in these specimens are slightly different from the short acuminate apices of the specimens from China and the Philippines (Yu et al., 2005). 38. Tetraplodon mnioides (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. Contributor: V. E. Fedosov Russia: Northern Caucasus, Dagestan Republic, Charodinsky District, Zajach’i Gates Pass, 42.18uN, 46.48uE, ca 2140 m a.s.l., on moist organic remnants in pine forest with Rhytidium rugosum (Hedw.) Kindb., Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp., Abietinella abietina (Hedw.) M.Fleisch., Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr, etc., 11 May 2013, leg. V. Fedosov (MW # 13-1-165). This record is the first from the northern Caucasus (i.e. Russian part of the Caucasus). Generally, T. mnioides is an arctic-alpine species, rare in xeric temperate regions. In the southern part of the former USSR, the species was recorded from the eastEuropean Plain and the mountains of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Siberia (Ignatov et al., 2006). Records from Georgia (Southern Caucasus) are in need of confirmation. Acknowledgements The contributions by H. Bednarek-Ochyra have been financially supported by the National Science Centre through grant no. N N 303 796 940. She also thanks the Curators at AAS, NY, PC, and WELT for the loan of herbarium material. The field work of Marc Lebouvier on Île Amsterdam was organised within the programme 136 ECOBIO of the French Polar Institute (IPEV). S. Ştefănuţ acknowledges the support of project no. RO1567-IBB03/2014 through the Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy. M. Suleiman and M.S. Chua are grateful to Dr B.C. Tan and Dr K.T. Yong for helping to identify and verify specimens of Clastobryum epiphyllum and Macromitrium orthostichum, respectively. The contribution by V. Plášek is part of a research project of the Institute of Environmental Technologies, reg. no. CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0100, supported by the ‘Research and Development for Innovations’ Operational Programme, and financed by the Structural Funds of the European Union and by the state budget of the Czech Republic, Project LO1208 of the National Feasibility Programme I of the Czech Republic. The contribution by L. Čı́hal is a part of grant project SGS27/PRF/2014 financed by University of Ostrava. J. Váňa thanks Dr Helen J. Peat (Keeper of the AAS herbarium) for the loan of a specimen. M.T. Gallego is grateful to the Curator of PRE for the loan of specimens and Dr J. van Rooy for kindly supplying information on Syntrichia leucostega var. trachyneura in PRE. Her research was carried out with financial support from the Spanish ‘Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación’ (Project CGL2010-15959/ BOS). M. Nair, K. Manjula, and K. Rajesh are grateful to the SERB, DST (Department of Science and Technology) New Delhi for financial support under the Fast Track Scheme to the first contributor. They are grateful to L.T. Ellis, Natural History Museum, London, for confirming the identity of the Syrrhopodon specimen, and acknowledge the authorities of the Zamorin’s Guruvayurappan College (ZGC), Kozhikode for providing support and facilities. Their thanks are also due to the officials of the Kerala Forest Department, for the permission and support extended during the field studies. The work of S.S. Choi, V.A. Bakalin, S. J. Park, and B.-Y. Sun was supported by the grants to B.-Y. Sun from the ‘Survey of Korean Indigenous Species’ and ‘1834-302, Graduate Program for the Undisfcovered Taxa of Korea’ from the National Institute of Biological Resources of Ministry of Environment in Korea. Taxonomic Additions and Changes: Nil. References Ah-Peng, C. & Bardat, J. 2005. Check list of the bryophytes of Réunion Island. Tropical Bryology, 26: 89–118. Aleffi, M. & Esposito, A. 2005. 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