CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF FOREST HABITATS AND SPECIES CARPATHIAN LIST OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES PUBLISHED BY THE STATE NATURE CONSERVANCY OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC 2014 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 1 27.8.2014 22:36:05 © Štátna ochrana prírody Slovenskej republiky, 2014 Editor: Ján Kadlečík Available from: Štátna ochrana prírody SR Tajovského 28B 974 01 Banská Bystrica Slovakia ISBN 978-80-89310-81-4 Program švajčiarsko-slovenskej spolupráce Swiss-Slovak Cooperation Programme Slovenská republika This publication was elaborated within BioREGIO Carpathians project supported by South East Europe Programme and was financed by a Swiss-Slovak project supported by the Swiss Contribution to the enlarged European Union and Carpathian Wetlands Initiative. zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 2 15.9.2014 23:10:12 Table of contents Draft Red Lists of Threatened Carpathian Habitats and Species and Carpathian List of Invasive Alien Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Draft Carpathian Red List of Forest Habitats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Red List of Vascular Plants of the Carpathians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Draft Carpathian Red List of Molluscs (Mollusca). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Red List of Spiders (Araneae) of the Carpathian Mts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Draft Red List of Dragonflies (Odonata) of the Carpathians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Red List of Grasshoppers, Bush-crickets and Crickets (Orthoptera) of the Carpathian Mountains. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 Draft Red List of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of the Carpathian Mts. . . . . . . . . . 200 Draft Carpathian Red List of Fish and Lamprey Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 Draft Carpathian Red List of Threatened Amphibians (Lissamphibia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Draft Carpathian Red List of Threatened Reptiles (Reptilia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 Draft Carpathian Red List of Birds (Aves). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 Draft Carpathian Red List of Threatened Mammals (Mammalia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Draft List of Invasive Alien Species of the Carpathian Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 3 27.8.2014 22:36:06 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 4 27.8.2014 22:36:06 DRAFT RED LISTS OF THREATENED CARPATHIAN HABITATS AND SPECIES AND CARPATHIAN LIST OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES Ján Kadlečík (editor) 1. Introduction The Carpathian Mountains, ranging across seven countries from the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine, Hungary, Romania and the small part of Serbia, are Europe’s last great natural area with rich biodiversity and diversified landscapes1. They host a unique natural and cultural diversity, exceptional at the European scale and are recognized as one of the biodiversity hotspots. Ongoing socioeconomic changes and environmental impacts influence this sensitive ecological system in the region and call for further joint action2. This publication is result of the activities of the Work Package 3 of the project Integrated management of biological and landscape diversity for sustainable regional development and ecological connectivity in the Carpathians3 (“BioREGIO Carpathians”) funded from the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme. The activitity was lead during 2011 – 2014 by the State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic as a partner of the project. The publication was prepared in cooperation with the other project Development of nature conservation and protected areas in Slovak Carpathians funded from the Swiss-Slovak Cooperation Programe4 and provides first draft lists of threatened habitats and species native to the Carpathians and the list of invasive alien species in the Carpathian region as a basis for further consultation and finalization for final approval by the Carpathian Convention bodies and following activities. Assessment was made for selected taxonomic groups for which we expected to have sufficient data to synthesise and communicate on the conservation status (mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, butterflies, orthopterans, dragonflies, spiders, molluscs and vascular plants), using IUCN Red List categories and criteria (version 3.1) (IUCN 2012a). The innovative approach was used when developing the Red List for habitats for which there are still only draft guidelines prepared by IUCN. Because of delays in contracting the specialists for the Red List of non-forest habitats, in this publication only Red List of forest habitats is included. The Red List of non-forest habitats will be available on the relevant web sites of the projects. Red Lists are lists of animal and plant species, plant communities, habitats and habitat complexes that are either collapsed, extinct, have disappeared or are endangered. The Red List is a tool to inform and catalyse action for biodiversity conservation and policy change, critical to protecting the natural resources. It provides information on population size and trends, geographic range and habitat needs of species5. For the purposes of regional conservation assessments there are important reasons to assess species΄ extinction risk and publish Red Lists within specific geographically defined areas and special guidelines were produced by IUCN to assist in the application of the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria at regional levels (IUCN 2012b). The Red Lists have many uses in conservation including: • Conservation planning – informing species-based conservation actions and identifying important sites for conservation. • Decision-making – influencing conservation decisions at multiple scales, from environmental impact assessments to international multilateral environmental http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/black_sea_basin/danube_carpathian/blue_river_green_mtn/ http://www.bioregio-carpathians.eu/ 3 http://www.bioregio-carpathians.eu/ 4 http://www.sopsr.sk/web/?cl=10705 5 http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/species/our_work/the_iucn_red_list/ 1 2 5 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 5 27.8.2014 22:36:06 • agreements. Monitoring – indicating the current status of species and revealing trends in their extinction risk over time, to track progress towards biodiversity targets6. To assess current and potential future threats to the biological diversity, ecosystems, habitats or species of the Carpathians caused by introduction or release of invasive alien species (IAS) within the national territory of each Party and to prevent introduction or realease of IAS or to harmonize and coordinate measures and common actions it is necessary first to identify such species which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the biological diversity, ecosystems, habitats or species of the Carpathians. Therefore the first List of Invasive Alien Species was elaborated for further consultation and development. This initiative: • makes a contribution to the implementation of provisions of the Carpathian Convention; • makes a contribution to the Global and European Red Lists by adding Carpathian species and habitats, and to the European Lists of Invasive Alien Species; • provides the basis for a consolidated Carpathian lists as a baseline for monitoring the success of future conservation action; • is a mechanism for species conservation and management of invasive species in the region; and • communicates the best possible consensus information on habitats and species status to Conventions and governments to promote conservation action on the ground. The initiative tried to mobilize existing knowledge on species status which is sometimes dispersed or unpublished, and to make it available for conservation purposes. Unfortunately from different reasons we could not ensure full participation of all appropriate experts and scientists, but with support from about 100 specialists from all Carpathian countries we received the good basis for further development of lists of threaned habitats, threatened species and of invasive alien species in the Carpathian Mountains. 2. Assessments 2.1 Objectives of the assessment The objectives of regional assessments can be defined e.g. according to FREYHOF & BROOKS (2011): • To contribute to regional conservation planning through the provision of a baseline dataset describing the conservation status of the regions species. • To identify those geographic areas and habitats that 6 7 • • need conservation measures to prevent extinctions and ensure that species reach and maintain a favourable conservation status. To identify the major threats and propose mitigating measures and conservation actions to address them. To strengthen the network of experts focused on conservation of species in the region, so that the assessments can be kept up-to-date, and expertise be targeted to address the highest conservation priorities. To work on hamononized policies and measures aiming at the prevention of introduction of invasive alien species (IAS) which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts and to take measures for their controla or eradication at regional level, it is crucial to identify those species and assess their potential to affect biological diversity in the region. 2.2 Background The Parties to the Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians (Kyiv, Ukraine; 2003 – the “Carpathian Convention”) according to its Article 4 on Conservation and sustainable use of biological and landscape diversity agreed to pursue policies aiming at conservation, sustainable use and restoration of biological and landscape diversity throughout the Carpathians. They commited themselves to take appropriate measures to ensure a high level of protection and sustainable use of natural and semi-natural habitats, their continuity and connectivity, and species of flora and fauna being characteristic to the Carpathians, in particular the protection of endangered species, endemic species and large carnivores. The Parties shall pursue policies aiming at the prevention of introduction of alien invasive species, their control or eradication. Another obligation is to develop and/or promote compatible monitoring systems, coordinated regional inventories of species and habitats, coordinated scientific research, and their networking. These provisions are further elaborated in obligatory articles of the Protocol on Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological and Landscape Diversity to the Carpathian Convention (Bucharest, 2008; the “Protocol”) with objective to enhance the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of biological and landscape diversity of the Carpathians, bringing benefits to present and future generations. To achieve these objectives, the Parties shall harmonise and coordinate their efforts and cooperate on conservation, maintenance and sustainable use of natural and semi-natural habitats and conservation and sustainable use of species of flora and fauna, they should cooperate especially on the development, harmonization and implementation of relevant management plans aimed at http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/species/our_work/the_iucn_red_list/ http://www.carpathianconvention.org/documents-carpathian-convention.html 6 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 6 27.8.2014 22:36:06 achieving common standards for protection and sustainable use of habitats and species, prevention of introduction of invasive alien species which might threaten ecosystems, habitats or species native to the Carpathians, their control or eradication. Another field is development and/ or promotion of compatible biodiversity indicators and monitoring systems, of coordinated regional inventories of species and habitats, development and/or promotion of coordinated scientific research programs and projects, etc. According to the Article 8 of the Protocol (Conservation, maintenance, restoration and sustainable use of natural and seminatural habitats) and the Article 12 (Conservation of endangered species including endemic species, and large carnivores of the Carpathians) the Conference of the Parties shall adopt a list of endangered natural and semi-natural habitat types native to the Carpathians (Carpathian Red List of Habitats) and a list of endangered flora and fauna species native to the Carpathians (Carpathian Red List of Species) based on internationally recognized principles and criteria. According to the Article 13 (Prevention of the introduction of invasive alien species and/or genetically modified organisms threatening ecosystems, habitats or species, their control or eradication) each Party shall pursue policies aiming at the prevention of introduction or release of invasive alien species (IAS) which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the biological diversity, ecosystems, habitats or species of the Carpathians, including early warning on occurrence of new invasive alien species on its territory. The Parties shall take measures to prevent introduction or release of IAS and, if need be, control or eradication of such species. In the Article 18 (Compatible monitoring and information systems) the Parties agreed to cooperate to develop a joint information system on biological and landscape diversity in the Carpathians and to support coordinated regional inventories of species and habitats of the Carpathians. The implementation document for the above mentioned obligations of the Contracting Parties to the Carpathian Convention is the Strategic Action Plan adopted in 20118. Action 2.1. (The elaboration of the Carpathian Red List of Habitats) and Action 3.1. (Carpathian Red List of Species elaboration) of the Strategic Action Plan require • Compile and analyse scientific data, national inventories and maps of natural and semi-natural habitats and concerning flora and fauna species native to the Carpathians, in particular endangered species including endemic species and large carnivores, within the national territory of each Party; • Elaborate the proposal of the Carpathian Red List of Habitats, including endangered natural and seminatural habitat types native to the Carpathians, which 8 either are in danger of disappearance in their natural range, or have a small natural range following their regression or by reason of their intrinsically restricted area, or present outstanding examples of typical characteristics of the Carpathian region - to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties, and revised every twelve years. • Prepare the proposal of the Carpathian Red List of Species based on compilation and analysis of scientific data and national inventories concerning endangered species, including endemic flora and fauna species native to the Carpathians, and large carnivores and following internationally recognized principles and criteria (e.g. IUCN Red List Criteria) to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties, and revised every twelve years. Action 5.1. asks to develop national policies and/or strategies targeted at the prevention of introduction or release of invasive alien species which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the biological diversity, ecosystems, habitats or species of the Carpathians in the national territory; or, if such policies and/or strategies are already in place - evaluate their effectiveness and implementation up to date. Action 9.1. requires to cooperate with scientific and other relevant institutions on: a) Elaboration of guidelines on harmonisation of environmental monitoring programmes of the Parties in the Carpathians, in particular those concerning habitats and species native to the Carpathians, with the objective to ensure data comparability; b) Preparation of the proposals for common monitoring programs to be jointly undertaken in the Carpathians by the Parties, in particular those concerning endangered natural and semi-natural habitat types listed in the Carpathian Red List of Habitats and listed in the Carpathian Red List of Species. Finally Action 9.2. assesses duties to cooperate to develop a joint information system on the state of biological and landscape diversity in the Carpathians, based on the relevant existing Clearing House Mechanisms, including national results of the public research provided by the Parties and results of the common scientific programs and projects jointly undertaken in the Carpathians by the Parties, a joint biodiversity information system should be established. These were the reasons why the development of the Carpathian Red List of threatened habitats and species and the List of Invasive Alien Species of the Carpathians were included as important activity to the project “Integrated management of biological and landscape diversity for sustainable regional development and ecological connectivity in the Carpathians” (BioREGIO Carpathians). http://www.carpathianconvention.org/documents-thematic-areas.html 7 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 7 27.8.2014 22:36:06 The activity was coordinated by the Project Partner 9 – the State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic in Banská Bystrica and other relevant project partners were involved (Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Szent István University – Hungary, Environmental Information Centre UNEP/GRID Warszaw – Poland, Regional Environmental Protection Agency Sibiu and Iron Gates Natural Park Administration – Romania, National Forest Centre – Slovakia, Public Enterprise Djerdap National Park – Serbia and Carpathian Biosphere Reserve – Ukraine) which engaged about 100 experts working on threatened habitats, species and invasive alien species of plants and animals. The first Carpathian List of Endangered Species was compiled by Z. J. Witkowski, W. Król and W. Solarz (WITKOWSKI et al. eds 2003) and published more than 10 years ago by the Carpathian Ecoregion Initiative, WWF and Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences. This Red List also covered only part of the Carpathians΄ taxonomic groups and compiled information on red listed taxa and valuable plant alliances in particular Carpathian countries without assessment expressed clearly in used criteria on regional level. Ivan Vološčuk (Vološčuk ed. 1996) compiled lists of threatened plants and vertebrates of 17 Carpathian national parks. Within limited time, funding, expertise and data available in the BioREGIO project our ambition was to prepare at least first drafts of the Red List of forest habitats and non-forest habitats, Red List of vascular plants, of Vertebrates and selected groups of Invertebrates, and the List of Invasive Alien Species for further improvements and approval by the Carpathian Convention Contracting Parties. We understand that there is much to be done and to increase the number of species assessed, improving the taxonomic coverage and thus providing a stronger base to enable better conservation and policy decisions in the Carpathian region. Additional projects for further harmonization of data sets and compiling of lists of threatened There are not many comprehensive regional Red Lists developed in Europe so far. IUCN and the European Commission have been working together on an initiative to assess around 6,000 European species according to IUCN regional Red Listing Guidelines. To date, European regional assessments have been completed for mammals, reptiles, amphibians, butterflies, dragonflies, freshwater fishes, freshwater and terrestrial molluscs as well as for selected saproxylic beetles, and vascular plant species. Currently there are assessing also pollinators (bees and bumblebees), priority medicinal plants and marine fishes and reassessing all birds9. The Mediterranean Red List is an on-going process that aims at assessing the conservation staFigure 1 Map of the Carpathian eco-region as used in the CBIS. tus of the fauna and flora of the Mediterranean region considered also as a biodiversity hotspot. This initiative highlights the species that are threatened with extinction at the Mediterranean level (e.g. mammals, reptiles, amphibians, freshwater and marine fishes, freshwater molluscs, dragonflies, and selected groups of vascular plants) – so that appropriate regional and local conservation action can be taken to improve their status10. Another regional Red Lists exist for sea basins - Black Sea Red Data Book11 and Baltic Sea Red Lists of biotopes12 and species13 (HELCOM 2013a, b). All these initiatives have been implemented in specific long-term projects with involvement of a number of specialists and funding from different sources. http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/mediterranean 11 http://www.grid.unep.ch/bsein/redbook/index.htm 12 http://helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/biodiversity/red-list-of-biotopes-habitats-and-biotope-complexes/ 13 http://helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/biodiversity/red-list-of-species 14 www.carpates.org/cbis/orogs.html 9 10 8 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 8 27.8.2014 22:36:06 taxa in the Carpathians are necessary. The collected data will be integrated in the Carpathian Joint Biodiversity Information System (CJBIS). 2.3 Assessment Methodology species assessments. For biotopes (habitats), which would have collapsed only in the region, we allocated category Regionally Collapsed (RC). Biotopes (habitats) in the territory of the Carpathians that have not been evaluated at all belong to the category Not Evaluated (NE). Biotopes (habitats), which are not included in the territory of the Carpathians, are classified Not Applicable (NA) (BARANČOK et al. 2014). 2.3.1 Geographic scope The boundaries of the Carpathians as used for the purpose of this assessment are shown in Figure 2 Structure of the proposed IUCN Red List categories for non-forest biotopes Figure 1. This map was used in previ(habitats) in the Carpathians by Barančok et al. (unpublished) ous projects for development of the Carpathian Biodiversity Information System (CBIS)14. This includes borders of 309 orographic units (in eastern Czech Republic, south-eastern Poland, most of Slovakia, northern Hungary, western Ukraine, big part of Romania and small part of eastern Serbia), and the organisation of data collection could be compatible with previous Carpathian projects. 2.3.2 Habitats/biotopes assessment The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems Categories and Criteria (RODRIGUES et al. 2011) were only proposed in the time of developing the Carpathian Red List of habitats. The draft methodology was adapted to the Carpathians to assess the risk of collapse of the forest and non-forest habitat types, or whether they are vulnerable, endangered, or critically endangered, assessing losses in area, degradation or other major changes such as conversion15. The present assessment can be considered as a case study to classify and list the ecosystems and document their status and so highlight best practices in ecosystem management. The proposed IUCN Red List categories for habitats are similar to those used by the IUCN for the assessment of species (IUCN 2001). The structure of the categories and their relation can be found in Fig. 2. The threatened habitats are categorized either as Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN) or Vulnerable (VU). Habitats that just fail to meet the criteria of the threatened categories are classified Near Threatened (NT) and ecosystems that unambiguously meet none of the criteria are Least Concern (LC). Habitats that are in a state of their ecological optima and are without threat, are classified as Ecologically Satisfactory (ES). Analogous to the species categories, an additional category Data Deficient (DD) is given to biotopes (habitats) for which too few data exist to apply any criterion. Biotopes (habitats) that have collapsed throughout their distribution area are categorized Collapsed (CO), which corresponds to the category Extinct in 15 In order to create the Carpathian Red List of threatened biotopes (habitats) the development of national red lists of biotopes (habitats) was proposed. The special forms and database were developed for forest and non-forest habitats to collect data from all Carpathian countries with the agreed structure, consistent with the Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels (IUCN 2003) and categories and criteria proposed for use in developing a red list of ecosystems by RODRIGUES et al. (2011). Biotopes (habitats) in categories CO, RC, CR, EN, VU, NT, LC, ES and DD were selected as a basis for creation of draft Carpathian Red List. Final categorisation of the biotopes (habitats) on Carpathian level was done after common consultations and workshops of expert teams. 2.3.3 Species assessment The conservation status of the Carpathian species at regional level was assessed using the 2001 IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1 (IUCN 2001, 2012a) and the Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels (IUCN 2003, 2012b). The structure of IUCN Red List categories at regional level is the following: http://www.iucnredlistofecosystems.org/ 9 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 9 27.8.2014 22:36:06 Figure 3. IUCN Red List categories for species at regional level (IUCN 2012b). In the preparatory phase of the assessment the project partners were asked to use the most recent version of the national Red List or to create / update national Red Lists of Carpathian species using consistent Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels (IUCN 2003, 2012b). The idea was to make an overview of all taxa (checklists) that are categorised in every Carpathian country. National lists of these taxa from each country were included in the on-line data forms developed specially for this project in order to harmonise data collection and assessment procedure and documentation (Fig. 4). Figure 4. Structure of the on-line form for species assessment. 10 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 10 27.8.2014 22:36:07 11 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 11 27.8.2014 22:36:07 12 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 12 27.8.2014 22:36:07 Figure 5. Example of the data evaluated at national level. 13 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 13 27.8.2014 22:36:08 Evaluation on regional level took into consideration the information of Global Red List16 and of European red lists17 . Figure 6. The database allows to compare results and to generate maps. 2.3.4 Invasive Alien Species assessment For compiling the Carpathian List of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) were used flora and fauna databases, catalogues or lists of alien species or lists of IAS already existing in the project countries. For alien species or IAS were used definitions of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) for the purpose of the CBD Guiding Principles for the Prevention, Introduction and Mitigation of Impacts of Alien Species that Threaten Ecosystems, Habitats or Species (annexed to CBD Decision VI/23)18 as follows: - alien species: a species, subspecies or lower taxon, introduced outside its natural past or present distribution, includes any part, gamets, seeds, eggs or propagules of such species that might survive and subsequently reproduce; - - invasive alien species: an alien species whose introduction and/or spread threaten biological diversity; introduction: the movement by human agency, indirect or direct, of an alien species outside of its natural range (past or present). This movement can be either within a country or between countries or areas beyond national jurisdiction. intentional introduction: the deliberate movement and/or release by human of an alien species outside its natural range unintentional introduction: all other introductions which are not intentional For listing a particular species the assessment of the species was done and it took into account its taxonomic identity, time of immigration and invasion status. When www.iucnredlist.org www.iucnredlist.org/europe and http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist 18 http://www.cbd.int/decision/cop/?id=7197 16 17 14 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 14 27.8.2014 22:36:08 defining the status of a species in a region/country some factors were taken into account: origin status (whether the taxon is native or alien to the region/country), residence status (when was the taxon introduced and what its position is in the invasion process) and invasion status (what is the degree of its naturalization and possible invasion). The species were assessed in categories as casual alien species (not established), naturalized alien species (rare and local), and invasive alien species (a naturalized species that produces reproductive offspring, often in very large numbers, and thus have the potential to spread over a considerable area19. To establish the database on IAS the on-line form was developed, too. Assessed were vascular plants, vertebrates and some groups of invertebrates. Species identified as invasive in one of the Carpathian countries were assessed as candidates for the Carpathian List. These were evaluated according to criteria as: number of countries/orographical units and area occupied by the species, impacts on biodiversity (or human health and economy), in some cases invasive potential of the species. 3. Results The assessments were organized by team leaders focu- 19 sed on forest habitats (Ivor Rizman), non-forest habitats (Peter Barančok), vascular plants (Peter Turis, Pavol Eliáš jun.), molluscs (Ľubomíra Vavrová), spiders (Peter Gajdoš), dragonfies (Dušan Šácha), orthopterans (Anton Krištín), butterflies (Henrik Kalivoda), fish and lamprey species (Ján Koščo), amphibians, reptiles (Peter Urban), birds (Peter Puchala) and mammals (Peter Urban), and on Invasive Alien Species (Ema Gojdičová). 3.1. Number of red listed and of invasive alien species Final versions of the Carpathian Red List and the List of Invasive Alien Species are the result of a scientific consensus reached by participating experts. It will be publicised on BioREGIO and Carpathian Convention websites for following discussion and updating. These are the lists of Carpathian habitats and taxa classified in categories, described by criteria, data on endemism and listings in other Conventions (Bern Convention, Bonn Convention) and EU directives (Habitats Directive, Birds Directive). Documentation to each categorised species and distribution maps (mostly on level of orographic units) in the Carpathians are in the databases. The list of IAS listed the species identified in most of the Carpathian countries as invasive and causing problems. http://www.bioregio-carpathians.eu/key-outputs-and-publications.html 15 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 15 27.8.2014 22:36:09 Figure 7. The database helps in compiling statistical data. Table 1: Threatened categories of habitats and species assessed in the Carpathians Groups assessed Forest habitats Non-forest habitats Vascular plants Mollusca Araneae Odonata Orthoptera Lepidoptera Petromyzontes, Osteichthyes Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia IUCN “threatened” categories CO, EX, (EX?) RC, RE, (RE?) CR (CR(PE)) EN 0 0 13 10 0 0 10 26 (1) 20 (13) 95 (3) 135 0 0 1 6 0 5 8 44 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 10 0 2 0 25 0 2 2 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 5 14 1 0 2 3 VU 17 69 219 30 114 5 10 27 16 6 3 8 17 Legend: CO = Collapsed (for habitats); EX = Extinct; EX? = probably extinct (for species); RC = Regionally Collapsed; RE = Regionally Extinct; RE? = probably regionally extinct; CR = Critically Endangered; CR(PE) = Critically Endangered (possibly extinct); EN = Endangered; VU = Vulnerable 16 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 16 27.8.2014 22:36:09 This report is the first summary of the draft red lists of habitats and species and of the black list of invasive alien species of the Carpathians on which the Carpathian Convention can build. The overview of the results of assessments of the risk of collapse/extinction of habitats and species at the regional (Carpathian) level is in the Table 1. Forty forest habitat types were classified in some of the categories of threat, while 105 non-forest habitat types are threatened in the Carpathian region. 21 vascular plant species already disappeared from the region and 13 species are probably regionally extinct in the Carpathians. Additional about 450 plant species are considered threatened in the region. In the selected groups of invertebrates are threatened 37 species of molluscs, 166 species of spiders (5 regionally extinct), 9 species of dragonflies, 20 species of orthopterans, 52 species of butterflies (and 2 are regionally extinct). The most threatened group of vertebrates are birds (27 species and 1 regionally extinct), fishes (25 species, 2 regionally extinct), mammals (22 species), for reptiles were identified 7 threatened species and for amphibians 6 species. This information will help to put national conservation priorities into a Carpathian context, thus maximising the effectiveness of local and national conservation measures, and facilitating the development of integrated regional conservation strategies. As for the invasive alien species in the final table were included identified vascular plants, molluscs, malacostracans (a group of crustatians), orthopterans, true bugs (Hemiptera), butterflies, beetles, reptiles and mammals. Groups assessed Vascular plants Mollusca Malacostraca Orthoptera Hemiptera Lepidoptera Coleoptera Osteichthyes Reptilia Mammalia Table 2: Invasive alien plant and animal species in the Carpathians Number of species 37 11 1 1 2 6 4 10 1 4 The list of invasive alien species includes 77 taxa (37 plant species and 40 animal species). From plant species, 32 are herbs and 5 woody plants. Majority of animal species are Invertebrates, 14 arthropods and 11 molluscs are listed. The most numerous group of invasive Vertebrates are fishes (with 10 species on the list). 3.2 Major threats identified in the different assessments Some species and habitat types have naturally restricted range and they occur in low densities with limited dispersal and these are especially sensitive to any change in the habitat structure or in the surrounding areas. Other species or habitats are relatively well distributed but are facing increasing pressure. Main threats to species in the Carpathians are: • Habitat loss, degradation, destruction, fragmentation or alteration – deforestation, intensive logging, decreasing of area of virgin and old-growth forests, removal of dead wood from forests; – afforestation of non-forest areas, e.g. dry rocky habitats, wet grasslands, changes in land use, agriculture intensification, overgrazing on one hand and land abandonment on the other, decline in traditional farming and management, grass cutting • • • • • and grazing and following succession leading to overgrowing by shrubs and trees, etc.; – forest fires; – changes in character of water bodies and sediments, water regime mismanagement, loss of temporary freshwater habitats, e. g. seasonal ponds and other wetlands, water abstraction building of migration barriers, fragmentation of rivers, dam, hydropower construction; – water pollution; – degradation of wetlands generally, or some specific habitats, e.g. springs, peat excavation; – intensive fish farming; – human settlement expansion, infrastructure development; – climate change and resulting habitat changes Human disturbance – tourism, rock climbing, paragliding, winter sports and infrastructure (roads, hotels etc.); Air pollution; Use of pesticides, especially insecticides and other chemicals, pest control; For many vertebrates road mortality, hunting, animal crime – poaching, illegal shooting, poisoning, deliberate persecution; for birds collisions with electric lines; Introduction and expansion of alien species. 17 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 17 27.8.2014 22:36:09 4. Recommendations and conclusions and future challenges The Red Lists of Carpathian habitats and species are important source of information on the current status of habitat types and populations of threatened species in the region. The list could be an essential guide to conservation efforts focused on threatened habitats and species. As several times mentioned above the present lists are drafts based on recently available data and knowledge that are in many cases not sufficient for objective assessment. Future research should be focused on collecting data necessary for the habitats and species classification according to the IUCN Red List Criteria. It is important to regularly monitor the ecosystems, species, their population size and trends as well as quality of their habitats. Priority should be given to habitats and species classified as threatened (category CR, EN and VU) and those of the European and national importance. The special consideration should be given to alien species identified as invasive and causing biodiversity, health, economic or other difficulties and impacts. The presented lists can be very useful guide for common action of all Carpathian countries and for developing of thematically focused strategies on Carpathian level. It would also help to monitor conservation actions and their results. These assessments are now submitted for review, especially by specialists (e.g. members of IUCN SSC Specialist Groups) and experts with sufficient overview and information on Carpathian-wide or European situation of the groups or species concerned, with the hope that national supporting information can be improved any time in the project database, but the wider regional knowledge is applied. Updating on species distribution, population size and trend and threats are activities we should focus on. Revision of the compiled red lists and the list of invasive alien species is expected to be done every twelve years20, however for some groups it may be too long period when these are under stronger pressure, or are spreading dramatically and would require more frequent review. During the BioREGIO project it was possible to elaborate red lists only for the limited number of animal groups and it is necessary to continue in this work in follow-up projects (at least for other relatively well-studied groups). It is strongly recommended to involve from the very beginning relevant data holders (scientific institutions and experts) with scientific approach and good motivation for the most comprehensive results and using of the as complete data as possible. During elaboration of red lists there was identified necessity for further work on endemic species. Endemism was one of the attributes considered in assessing the conser- vation status of Carpathian taxa and compiling the final tables of threatened species. However there is not harmonized approach to and understanding of the endemics in the Carpathian countries and the approaches vary much in the region. So far there is not elaborated comprehensive study on the Carpathian-wide endemic taxa, however compiling and analysis of data concerning endemic species is included as one of the actions (Action 3.1.) of the Strategic Action Plan for the Implementation of the Biodiversity Protocol to the Carpathian Convention. Increasing recognition of the impact of invasive alien species will lead to developing the indicators of biological invasions (EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 2012). This case study can help in the development of reliable indicators based on the impact of IAS and in common interpretation of invasiveness and methodological approaches and finally in prioritisation of actions in the Carpathians. 4.1 Prioritizing of efforts for assessing and reassessing species taxonomic groups and habitat types Carrying out Red List assessments for all species within taxonomic groups that contain many species requires considerable effort and resources. In the near future however there will be necessary to mobilise funds not only for further first assessments for other taxonomic groups characteristic for the Carpathians, but also for reassessments of the submitted groups of species and habitats and this means that this should be the permanent part of the work plan of the Carpathian Convention, but also of its parties. This is vital for using the IUCN Red List as an indicator of biodiversity trends over time. So it is important to design the assessment and reassessment programmes within the Carpathian Convention to be sustainable and cost-effective. To achieve this it will be necessary to establish the permanent working group (sub-group) on Carpathian Red Lists (and on Invasive Alien Species) and to include in the biodiversity strategy and work plan request to continue in assessing published literature (scientific and popular) and unpublished reports on Carpathian habitats and species, to involve key experts (e.g. through workshops, by email, and/or open-access web-based discussion fora) in these processes, analysing monitoring datasets to determine population trends, assessing remote-sensing data to determine rates of habitat loss, promoting, advocating, supporting and or/funding fieldwork to gather new relevant data on threatened habitats, species, but also on invasive alien species. Acknowledgments We would like to thank all experts who provided data on habitats and species in their countries, commented the lists or organized work of specialists (their names are in- 20 Action 3.1.d) of the Strategic Action Plan for the Implementation of the Protocol on Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological and Landscape Diversity to the Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians 18 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 18 27.8.2014 22:36:09 cluded in respective articles of this publication), to habitats and taxonomic groups team leaders for compiling the lists which you can find in the following parts and to my colleagues from the Slovak State Nature Conservancy for their technical and organisation help and support, namely Alexander Kürthy and Tereza Thompson. References BARANČOK, P., KOLLÁR, J., BARANČOKOVÁ, M. & KRAJČÍ, J. (2014). Red List of the Carpathian Non-forest Biotopes (Habitats). Draft methodology (Ms) EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY (2012). The impacts of invasive alien species in Europe. EEA, Copenhagen, 114 pp. FREYHOF, J. & BROOKS, E. (2011). European Red List of Freshwater Fishes. Luxemburg: Publication Office of the European Union. HELCOM (2013). Red List of Baltic Sea underwater biotopes, habitats and biotope complexes. Baltic Sea Environmental Proceedings No. 138. to the IUCN Red List criteria for ecosystems and their proposed adaptation to the HELCOM Red List assessments. Scientific foundations for an IUCN Red List of Ecosystems. Unpublished. RODRÍGUEZ J.P., RODRÍGUEZ-CLARK, K.M., BAILLIE, J.E.M., ASH, N., BENSON, J., BOUCHER, T., BROWN, C., BURGESS, N.D., COLLEN, B., JENNINGS, M., KEITH, D.A., NICHOLSON, E., REVENGA, C., REYERS, B., ROUGET, M., SMITH, T., SPALDING, M., TABER, A., WALPOLE, M., ZAGER, I. & ZAMIN, T. (2011). Establishing IUCN Red List Criteria for Threatened Ecosystems. Conservation Biology, Volume 25, No. 1, 21–29. VOLOŠČUK, I. (ed.) (1996). Red data book, Lists of threatened plants and animals of the Carpathian National Parks and reserves. ACANAP, Tatranská Lomnica. WITKOWSKI Z. J., KRÓL W. & SOLARZ W. (eds) (2003). Carpathian List of Endangered Species. WWF and Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Vienna-Krakow, 64 pp. HELCOM (2013). HELCOM Red List of Baltic Sea species in danger of becoming extinct. Balt. Sea Environ. Proc. No. 140. IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. ii + 30pp. Downloadable from http://www.iucnredlist.org/ documents/redlist_cats_crit_en.pdf IUCN (2003). Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels: Version 3.0. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2012a). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. Available at www.iucnredlist. org/technical-documents/categories-and-criteria IUCN (2012b). Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels: Version 4.0. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. Available at www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/categoriesand-criteria KEITH, D.A., RODRÍGUEZ, J.P., RODRÍGUEZ-CLARK, K.M., AAPALA, K., ALONSO, A., ASMUSSEN, M., BACHMAN, S., BASSETT, A., BARROW, E.G., BENSON, J.S., BISHOP, M.J., BONIFACIO, R., BROOKS, T.M., BURGMAN, M.A., COMER, P., COMÍN, F.A., ESSL, F., FABER-LANGENDOEN, D., FAIRWEATHER, P.G., HOLDAWAY, R.J., JENNINGS, M., KINGSFORD, R.T., LESTER, R.E., MAC NALLY, R., MCCARTHY, M.A., MOAT, J., NICHOLSON, E., OLIVEIRA-MIRANDA, M.A., PISANU, P., POULIN, B., RIECKEN, U., SPALDING, M.D. & ZAMBRANO-MARTÍNEZ, S. (2012). Updated IUCN Red List criteria for ecosystems and their proposed adaptation to the HELCOM Red List assessments. Introduction 19 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 19 27.8.2014 22:36:09 DRAFT CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF FOREST HABITATS Compiled by Ivor Rizman Contributors to the compiling of the Red List: Réka Aszalos (Hungary), Wojciech Mróz, Monika Szewczyk (Poland), Iovu Biris (Romania), Ivor Rizman, Ľudovít Vaško (Slovakia), Dejan Bakovic (Serbia), Myroslav Kabal, Mykola Voloshchuk (Ukraine) Methodology for compiling the Carpathian Forest Habitats “Red List” To establish the Red List of Forest Habitats we adopted proposed methodology of IUCN and published by RODRIGUEZ et al. (2011) (Table 1). For considering only Carpathians level on Criterion D we lower the world limits proportionally. For non-endemic habitats we lower the limits twice and for endemic ones we use the limits from the proposed Rodriguez limits. Criterion C we did not use. For Criterion A Short-term decline (in distribution or ecological function) were used only estimations and data of country experts, because no real data exist in these countries. The Natura 2000 habitat mapping and monitoring is only starting in these years and the local (mostly short time) studies are not fully usable for country level estimation. For Criterion B Historical decline (in distribution or ecological function) we collected data for current distribution of all EUNIS habitat types occurred in the countries and for historical data we used the country maps of potential vegetation. We are aware that this is not the same as the habitats distribution 500 years ago, but it considers the overall decline, through human influence. Especially in the Carpathians, where mostly forest communities would potentially occurred, this approach is good for considering total historical decline. For sub-criteria which deal with a reduction or likely reduction of ecological function we collected the data about current status of forest habitats. Under status A (the best status of habitat) we consider virgin forests and old growth forests. In some types there are no residues of such types of forests at all. This fact reflects strong reduction of ecological function. In some types, experts also considered the fact of forest health status (Picea forests, Pinus forest etc.) Experts also consider spreading of invasive and alien species in floodplain forests. For collecting data about threats we used the list of threats of Natura 2000 Standard Data Form. Not all countries provided the data into database. There are missing data for the Czech Republic at all, and from some countries we have only partial data without distribu- tion. But for establishing the preliminary list we consider the collected data as sufficient (the full data-sets from Romania, Hungary, and Slovakia, partly from Poland, Ukraine and Serbia). The collected list of forest EUNIS habitats (communities) was merged to appropriate upper level of EUNIS catalogue. So similar units where merged into one unit when it was possible, and lower units were included into the same IUCN status category. Weaknesses of this Red List (methodological approaches and results): The data about all distribution (past, current future) are only experts opinions, in most countries there was no real vegetation mapping. The monitoring of habitats only started in some countries and there are no exact data about short time decline and about the decline in function at all. Our approach mostly considers the data about total historical decline. We did not consider the fact that some habitats are (strictly) protected by law currently and included into some category of protected areas. We also did not consider that some forest habitats are protected against human influence, because they are included into protective forest category and also the fact that forest cover and status is regulated and “protected” also by forestry law. The list should be considered as very preliminary Red List, which should be commented and revised according to new data and adapted list of limits and criteria and sub criteria. The list was created with respect of precautionary principle of the Carpathians Convention. Collected data from countries can be found in the database and after two expert meetings in Banska Bystrica merged and evaluated data were filled in also for the Carpathian level in this structure: 1. Potential area of distribution in hectares according to maps of potential vegetation for forest habitats (alliances) or estimated area of distribution 500 years ago. 2. Estimated area 50 years ago 20 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 20 27.8.2014 22:36:09 Table 1: Used Criteria and Sub-criteria for Red List Status a (RODRIGUEZ et al. 2011) Criterion A: Short-term decline (in distribution or ecological function) on the basis of any sub-criterion B: Historical decline (in distribution or ecological function) on the basis of either sub-criterion 1 or 2 C: Small current distribution and decline (in distribution or ecological function) or very few locations on the basis of either sub-criterion 1 or 2 Sub-criterion - Statusb 1. observed, estimated, inferred or suspected decline in distribution of ≥80% - CR, ≥50% - EN, or ≥30% - VU over the last 50 years. 2. projected or suspected decline in distribution of ≥80% - CR, ≥50% - EN, or ≥30% - VU within the next 50 years. 3. observed, estimated, inferred, projected, or suspected decline in distribution of ≥80% - CR, ≥50% - EN, or ≥30% - VU over any 50-year period, where the period must include both the past and the future 4. relative to a reference state appropriate to the ecosystem, a reduction or likely reduction of ecological function that is (a) very severe, in at least one major ecological process, throughout ≥80% of its extant distribution within the last or next 50 years - CR; (b1) very severe, throughout ≥50% of its distribution within the last or next 50 years - EN (b2) severe, in at least one major ecological process, throughout ≥80% of its distribution within the last or next 50 years - EN; (c1) very severe, in at least one major ecological process, throughout ≥30% of its distribution within the last or next 50 years - VU (c2) severe, in at least one major ecological process, throughout ≥50% of its distribution within the last or next 50 years - VU (c3) moderately severe, in at least one major ecological process throughout ≥80% of its distribution within the last or next 50 years - VU 1. estimated, inferred, or suspected decline in distribution of ≥90% - CR, ≥70% - EN, or ≥50% - VU in the last 500 years 2. relative to a reference state appropriate to the ecosystem, a very severe reduction in at least one major ecological function over ≥90% - CR, ≥70% - EN, or ≥50% - VU of its distribution in the last 500 years. 1. extent of occurrencec estimated to be ≤100 km2 - CR, ≤5,000 km2 - EN, or ≤20,000 km2 - VU and at least one of the following: (a) observed, estimated, inferred, or suspected continuing decline in distribution, (b) observed, estimated, inferred, or suspected severe reduction in at least one major ecological process, (c) ecosystem exists at only one location - CR, 5 or fewer locations - EN, or 10 or fewer locations - VU or 21 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 21 27.8.2014 22:36:10 D: Very small current distribution 2. area of occupancyc estimated to be ≤10 km2 - CR, ≤500 km2 - EN, or ≤2000 km2 - VU and at least one of the following: (a) observed, estimated, inferred, or suspected continuing decline in distribution, (b) observed, estimated, inferred, or suspected severe reduction in at least one major ecological process, (c) ecosystem exists at only one location - CR, 5 or fewer locations - EN, or 10 or fewer locations - VU ≤5 km2 - CR, ≤50 km2 - EN, or ≤100 km2 - VU, and serious plausible threats, but not necessarily evidence of past or current decline in area or function. a) Based on the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2001) and other systems proposed to date (Nicholson et al. 2009). b) Abbreviations: CR, critically endangered; EN, endangered; VU, vulnerable. c) See IUCN (2001, 2010b) for guidelines on measuring extent of occurrence and area of occupancy. [Correction added after publication 5 November 2010: Errors in the second column of Criterion D were amended.] 3. Estimated area 10 years ago 4. Current area 5. Status A – area (in forest the area of primeval (virgin) forest) 6. Estimated trend in the next 10 years • - Trend negative • -- accelerated negative within the last 10 years • +/- Trend largely stable • + Trend positive • ++ accelerated positive in the next 10 years • ? Trend cannot be determined 7. Estimated trend in the next 10 years 8. Evaluating of regenerability • N - Not regenerable • M - Minimal regenerability (> 150 years) • V - Very limited regenerability (15-150 years) • L - Limited regenerability (up to 15 years) • X - Ranking not meaningful 9. Endemic Alliance in the Carpathians • Y - yes • N - no 10. Negative Threats to the area or status – maybe possible to fill more than one but according to some possible (prepared) values 11. Proposed IUCN Category in the Country (not for Orographic unit) 12. Used sub criterion by Rodriguez 13. Name of the national expert Arborescent galleries of tall Salix alba, Salix fragilis, Salix x rubens, Populus nigra and sometimes Populus alba, lining lowland, hill or submontane rivers of nemoral and boreonemoral Eastern Europe and of eastern and southeastern Central Europe, including eastern Germany, the Baltic States, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the nemoral parts of Danubian and Balkan states, nemoral Belarus, the Ukraine and Russia, east to Bashkiria. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Carpathian Endangered Forest Habitats G1.1112 - Eastern European poplar-willow forests Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1 ≥ 90, B2 ≥ 90 %, A3 ≥ 50 %, A2 ≥ 50 %, A4a, D ≤ 2500 ha 22 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 22 27.8.2014 22:36:10 Endemic habitat: no Current area (PL, RO, SK): 900 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The few remaining semi-natural floodplain forests, particularly in complex with natural accompanying vegetation, are very endangered and worthy of protection. Estimated trend in the next 10 years: - Trend negative The main threats are direct devastation of the alluvial vegetation during any works connected with river bed regulation, flood prevention, dams and roads construction, drainage, expansion of invasive alien species and non-native tree species, wood plantations. Required measures for protection and restitution Cease cultivation, safeguard the water balance; protection of semi-natural stands. G1.1213 - Hercynio-Carpathian grey alder galleries Red List Status: EN Criterion: B1 ≥ 70%, B2 ≥ 70%, Alnus incana galleries of the montane rivers of the western and northern Carpathians and of the Hercynian ranges of the Bohemian Quadrangle. G1.1141 - Pannonic willow and poplar-willow galleries Red List Status: EN Criterion: B1 ≥ 70%, D ≤ 2500 ha Riverine willow-poplar woodlands: Growing on the lower parts of floodplains, these hygrophilous, Salix and Populus dominated forests presently still get regular flooding. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO): 1160 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The few remaining semi-natural floodplain forests, particularly in complex with natural accompanying vegetation, Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (PL, SK): 5844 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Natural and semi-natural remnants of grey alder forests only rarely occur and are severely endangered. Causes of endangerment are clearing, spruce plantation, grazing, infrastructure development (dams, roads...), stream regulations. Required measures for protection and restitution Maintaining the natural tree species composition and water regime of the area. Selection and total protection of semi-natural typical remnants. G1.1214 – Eastern Carpathian grey alder galleries Red List Status: EN Criterion: B1 ≥ 70, B2≥50%, Dendemic ≤ 5000 ha are greatly endangered and worthy of protection. The main threats are drainage, invasive alien species, wood plantations, spreading of non-native tree species. Required measures for protection and restitution Cease cultivation, safeguard the water balance; protection of semi-natural stands. Alnus incana galleries along the upper reaches of Eastern Carpathian valleys, with regional species Telekia speciosa, Petasites kablikianus, Symphytum cordatum, Pulmonaria rubra, Leucanthemum waldsteinii, which replace the pioneer willow scrubs of the Salici purpureae-Myricarietum. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (RO): 600 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Natural and semi-natural remnants of grey alder forests only rarely occur and are severely endangered. Causes of endangerment are clearing, spruce plantation, 23 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 23 27.8.2014 22:36:10 grazing, infrastructure development (dams, roads...), stream regulations. Required measures for protection and restitution Maintaining the natural tree species composition and water regime of the area. Selection and total protection of semi-natural typical remnants. G1.21 – Riverine Fraxinus – Alnus woodland, wet at high but not at low water Red List Status: EN Criterion: B1≥70%, B2≥70% Riparian forests of Fraxinus excelsior and Alnus glutinosa, sometimes Alnus incana, of middle European and northern Iberian lowland or hill watercourses, on soils periodically inundated by the annual rise of the river level, but otherwise well-drained and aerated during low-water; they differ from riparian alder woods within units G1.41 and G1.52 by the strong representation in the dominated layers of forest species not able to grow in permanently waterlogged soils. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.211: [Fraxinus] – [Alnus] woods of rivulets and springs G1.2111: Sedge ash-alder woods G1.2112: Fontinal ash-alder woods G1.2113: Cabbage thistle ash-alder woods G1.2114: Hillside spring ash-alder woods G1.2115: Great horsetail ash-alder woods G1.2116: Dacio-Moesian ash-alder woods G1.212: [Fraxinus] - [Alnus] woods of fast-flowing rivers G1.2121: Collinar stream ash-alder woods G1.2122: Submontane Hercynian stream ash-alder woods G1.2123: Pre-Carpathian stream ash-alder woods G1.213: [Fraxinus] - [Alnus] woods of slow rivers G1.2131: Central European slow river floodplain woods G1.2132: West European tall herb ash-alder woods Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, PL, RO, SK): 8000 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Representative stands of these site-determined permanent communities are still to be found in some regions in small areas, nevertheless the ash-alder forest should be considered as a quite severely endangered form. Its habitat is still being deforested and used as grassland to the extent that small residual strips are all that remain along the river courses. Main threats are droughts and less precipitation, running water course regulations and ground water table lowering. Required measures for protection and restitution Preservation of alluvial plains by different kinds of protective measures is required. G1.2233 - Pannonic ash-oak-alder forests Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1≥90%, A4a, D ≤ 2500 ha Riverine gallery forests of the Pannonic region, characteristic of the Danube basin, north to the lower Morava, of the Tisza basin and of the Danube-Tisza interfluve. They are dominated by Quercus robur and Fraxinus angustifolia ssp. pannonica, sometimes with Ulmus laevis, Alnus glutinosa, Carpinus betulus and, in the wettest parts, Populus alba. The shrub layer includes Acer campestre, Acer tataricum, Cornus sanguinea, Crataegus monogyna, Corylus avellana, Ulmus minor. The herb layer is dominated by Carex acutiformis, Carex elata, Carex riparia, Urtica dioica, Urtica kioviensis in the wetter belt („Fraxino pannonicae-Alnetum“), by Deschampsia cespitosa, Veratrum album, Polygonatum latifolium, Symphytum officinale otherwise. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO, SK): 2210 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The few remaining semi-natural floodplain forests, parti- 24 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 24 27.8.2014 22:36:10 cularly in complex with natural accompanying vegetation, are greatly endangered and worthy of protection. Threats – drainage, wood plantations, invasive alien species, Pathogens / parasites, infrastructure development (dams), change of water regime Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of semi-natural stands. Maintaining the natural tree species composition and water regime of the area. Flood plains in the eastern part of the Danube plains (Romania). Endemic habitat: no Current area (RO): 650 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment All alluvial forests have been damaged; some well-preserved alluvial forest stands are especially worthy of protection, particularly in complex with the natural accompanying vegetation. Main threats are droughts and less precipitation, running water course regulations and ground water table lowering, wood plantations, poor recruitment/ reproduction/ regeneration. Required measures for protection and restitution Strict protection of the semi-natural remnants. G1.411 – Meso-eutrophic swamp alder woods Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1≥90%, A1≥80%, D≤250 ha Riverine forests of Quercus robur, Quercus pedunculiflora, Fraxinus angustifolia, Fraxinus pallisiae, Ulmus minor and Ulmus effusa of the great floodplains of the lower Danube, with Cornus sanguinea, Viburnum opulus, Frangula alnus, Crataegus monogyna in the shrub layer and Rubus caesius, Lysimachia nummularia, Glechoma hederacea, Convallaria majalis in the herb layer. Diagnostically important species are Fraxinus pallisae, Quercus pedunculiflora, Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. Mesotrophic and meso-eutrophic Alnus glutinosa swamp woods of middle European and western Siberian, nemoral and sub-boreal, marshy depressions, with Carex elongata, Thelypteris palustris, Dryopteris cristata, Osmunda regalis, Solanum dulcamara, Calystegia sepium, Ribes nigrum, Calamagrostis canescens and often, in acidocline variants, Betula pubescens. The constancy of Carex elongata is characteristic on the continent, less so in Britain. Tall sedges, Carex paniculata, Carex acutiformis, Carex elata, often dominate the herb layer in the most humid types. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.4112: Elongated-sedge swamp alder woods G1.4115: Eastern Carpathian [Alnus glutinosa] swamp woods danubialis, Quercus robur; Asperula taurina, Asparagus tenuifolius, Carex tomentosa, Euphorbia palustris. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO, SK): 200 ha G1.2234 – Getic oak-elm-ash forests Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1≥90%, A4a, D ≤ 2500 ha 25 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 25 27.8.2014 22:36:10 Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Semi-natural stands with an intact water balance are rare, and usually preserved only in small areas; often a defective water balance. Main threats are drainage, groundwater subsidence, eutrophication; forest clearance, stand transformation: forest grazing, pasturing, straw meadows; crop field utilisation after drainage and upheaval. Required measures for protection and restitution Strict protection of all semi-natural remnants; regeneration by planting of black alder and natural succession where an intact water balance occurs or after rehydration. G1.42 – [Quercus] swamp woods Red List Status: EN Criterion: B1 ≥ 90, D ≤ 2500 ha, C1c5 Quercus robur-dominated woods of inundated depressions of the Sarmatic region, west to lowlands of eastern Poland and Slovakia, with an accompanying species cortège composed of elements of the Alnetalia glutinosae, Molinietalia, Phragmitetalia, Caricetalia fuscae and, to a lesser extent, Vaccinio-Piceetea and Querco-Fagetea. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (RO): 1600 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Semi-natural stands with an intact water balance are rare, and usually preserved only in small areas; often a defective water balance. Causes of endangerment Main threats are droughts and less precipitation, running water course regulations and ground water table lowering. Required measures for protection and restitution Strict protection of all semi-natural remnants. G1.5 – Broadleaved swamp woodland on acid peat Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1≥90%, D≤250 ha Broadleaved woodland on wet acid peat, dominated by Betula pubescens or rarely Alnus glutinosa, sometimes with an admixture of conifers or shrubby Salix species. Sphagnum spp. are normally prominent in the ground vegetation. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.51: Sphagnum [Betula] woods G1.52: [Alnus] swamp woods on acid peat Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO, SK): 140 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Semi-natural stands with an intact water balance are rare, and usually preserved only in small areas; often a defective water balance. Main threats are drainage, groundwater subsidence, eutrophication; forest clearance, stand transformation: forest grazing, pasturing, straw meadows; crop field utilisation after drainage and upheaval. Required measures for protection and restitution Strict protection of all semi-natural remnants; regeneration by planting of black alder and natural succession where an intact water balance occurs or after rehydration. G1.611 – Medio-European collinar woodrush beech forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% Acidophilous Fagus sylvatica forests of the lesser Hercynian ranges and Lorraine, of the collinar level of the western greater Hercynian ranges, the Jura and the Alpine periphery, of the western sub-Pannonic and the intra-Pannonic hills, not or little accompanied by spontaneous conifers, and generally with an admixture of Quercus petraea, or 26 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 26 27.8.2014 22:36:11 in some cases Quercus robur, in the canopy. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.6115: Pannonic collinar woodrush beech forests For the collinar Western Carpathian acidophilous Fagus sylvatica forests miss in EUNIS appropriate subunit. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO, SK): 85500 ha Primeval virgin forest: 5000 ha (RO) tural stands are worthy of protection as stable structures and gene reserves. Main threats are transformation of semi-natural forests into forestry, changes in economic use, alteration of sites, clear-cutting, eutrophication (fertilisers) and pollution. Required measures for protection and restitution Semi-natural silviculture; natural forest reserves and regeneration areas; the plantation of autochthonous firs should be considered. Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Only a few semi-natural stands are preserved. Causes of endangerment are transformation of semi-natural forests into coniferous plantations. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of representative semi-natural forest areas. G1.65 – Medio-European subalpine [Fagus] woods G1.6121 – Hercyno-Alpine montane woodrush beech forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50%, B2≥50% Acidophilous forests of Fagus sylvatica, Fagus sylvatica and Abies alba or Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba and Picea abies of the montane and high montane levels of the eastern greater Hercynian ranges, the Thüringian Forest, the Swabian and Franconian Jura, the Alps, where they are mostly expressed in the eastern Alps, and, in a dry version, in some parts of the western intermediate Alps, the Carpathians and the Bavarian Plateau, including, in particular, the remarkable near-natural montane woodrush beech forests of the Bayerischer Wald. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (PL, SK): 81000 ha Primeval virgin forest: 50 ha – SK, PL ? Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Frequently converted into spruce forests. All nearly-na- Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% Fagus sylvatica woods usually composed of low, low-branching trees, with much sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), situated near the tree limit, mostly in low mountains with oceanic climate of Western Europe and of central and northern Central Europe, in particular the Vosges, Black Forest, Rhön, Jura, outer Alps, Central Massif, Pyrenees, the mountains of the Bohemian Quadrangle, and, very locally, the Carpathians. The herb layer is similar to that of the forests of unit G1.63 or locally of unit G1.61 and contains elements of the adjacent open grasslands. 27 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 27 27.8.2014 22:36:11 Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (PL, SK): 8284 ha Primeval virgin forest: 262 ha - SK Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Habitats often degraded by forest management and natural disasters. Frequently converted into spruce forests, occupying an area of natural forest stands, clear-cutting and transformation to a forest monocultures, building of recreational facilities (ski resorts), natural disasters. Main threats are extreme environmental conditions, poor regeneration of beech. Required measures for protection and restitution Preservation of all semi-natural stands and regeneration of degraded forests as much for their erosion and avalanche protective functions as for any other reason. Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Main threats are converting into spruce forestry, occupying an area of natural forest stands, clear-cutting and transformation to a forest monocultures, building of recreational facilities (ski resorts), natural disasters, extreme environmental conditions and poor regeneration of beech. Required measures for protection and restitution Semi-natural cultivation of the forest; semi-natural remnants of the unit as a characteristic community of the montane landscape is worthy of protection wherever it is encountered. G1.6D3 – East Carpathian subalpine beech forests Xerophile, neutrophilous Quercus pubescens and Quercus virgiliana woods distributed in insular patches on steep south-facing slopes of intra-Carpathian hills of Romania, in particular, of the foothills bordering the lower Danubian basin of Romania, with Cotinus coggygria, Amygdalus nana, Cornus mas in the shrub layer and Astragalus monspessulanus, Carex humilis, Dictamnus albus, Geranium sanguineum, Astragalus austriacus in the herb layer. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (RO): 500 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% Local Fagus sylvatica and Fagus sylvatica-Picea abies forests of the tree-limit in the upper montane or subalpine level of the high southern Carpathians, developed where subalpine Picea abies forests do not form an uninterrupted zone, less well individualised than more western formations of the Aceri-Fagion, though, like them, characterized by the admixture of Acer pseudoplatanus in the canopy and of Adenostyletalia megaphorb species in the understorey. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.6D31: Dacian subalpine beech-spruce forest G1.6D32: Dacian subalpine gooseberry beech forests Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (RO): 12000 ha Primeval virgin forest: 3500 ha G1.7373 – Intra-Carpathian insular [Quercus virgiliana] woods Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1 ≥ 50, Dendemic≤500 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Current distribution of the habitat covers less than 500 ha. Main threats are clearing, excessive use for low forest management, fires, poor recruitment/ reproduction/ regeneration. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of the few remaining semi-natural forests, ecological restitution of degraded forests. 28 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 28 27.8.2014 22:36:11 G1.7374 – Pannonian [Quercus pubescens] woods Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% Pannonian mixed flowering ash-downy oak forests (Quercus pubescens, Quercus polycarpa, Quercus petraea, Quercus dalechampii) with Fraxinus ornus, Cotinus coggygria, Vicia sparsiflora, Lathyrus pannonicus subsp. collinus. Diagnostically important species: Quercus pubescens, Prunus mahaleb, Fraxinus ornus; Cotinus coggygria, Hippocrepis emerus; Coronilla coronata, Vicia sparsiflora, Lathyrus pannonicus subsp. collinus, Carex halleriana, Piptatherum virescens, Mercurialis ovata. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO, SK): 19450 ha Primeval virgin forest: 32 ha - HU, SK Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Semi-natural stands have diminished substantially, potentially endangered. Main threats are clearing, grazing, timber use. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of semi-natural stands. G1.769 – Getic sub-continental thermophilous oak woods Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% Sub-continental thermo-xerophile Quercus frainettoQuercus cerris-Quercus petraea forests of the foothills bordering the lower Danube depression of southern Romania, with the continental Acer tataricum and lacking typically sub-Mediterranean species such as Carpinus orientalis and Ruscus aculeatus. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.7691: Getic white cinquefoil [Quercus cerris] forests G1.7692: Getic early sedge [Quercus frainetto] forests G1.7693: Getic crocus [Quercus frainetto]-[Quercus cerris] forests G1.7694: Getic [Q. frainetto]-[Q. cerris]-[Q. petraea] forests G1.7695: Getic [Quercus frainetto]-[Quercus petraea] [s.l.] forests G1.7696: Pre-Carpathian [Quercus cerris]-[Quercus petraea] [s.l.] forests Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO, SK): 160950 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Very degraded as a result of low forest management, cleared forests, greatly endangered at the northern edge of the range. In the past some surfaces of this habitat were replaced with Scots pine or black locust plantations. Main threats are low forest management, transformation, oak decline, invasive alien species, change in native species dynamics (directly impacting habitat). Required measures for protection and restitution Semi-natural stands of all geographic variants with endangered species should be protected. G1.7A11 – White cinquefoil oak woods Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% East Central European oak and pine-oak forests (Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Pinus sylvestris), mostly with Potentilla alba, Molinia arundinacea, Frangula alnus. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, SK): 91400 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha 29 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 29 27.8.2014 22:36:11 Current area (HU, RO, SK): 2525 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Most forests have been transformed into arable land. Semi-natural stands are very rare. Causes of endangerment are agricultural use, transformation on a forest monocultures and spread of non-native tree species, invasive alien species, change in native species dynamics. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection is necessary. Regeneration of semi-natural forests by natural succession and promotion of indigenous tree species, particularly oaks. Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Most forests have been transformed into arable land. Semi-natural stands are relatively rare, degraded by low forestry, and commercial forestry, and have often been converted into coniferous tree plantations. Main threats are transformation on a forest monocultures and spread of non-native tree species, invasive alien species, change in native species dynamics. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of the still remaining semi-natural forests and regeneration of semi-natural forests by natural succession and promotion of indigenous tree species, particularly oaks. G1.7C2 – [Carpinus orientalis] woods Red List Status: EN Criterion: D≤2500 ha Carpinus orientalis-dominated facies of thermophilous woods of the Balkan Peninsula, south to Greece. The main distribution area in the Carpathians of this habitat is SW of Romania, as the most northern irradiations and extensions of the habitat. G1.7A12 – Tartar maple steppe oak woods Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1≥90%, D≤ 5000 ha, A2≥50% Xero-thermophile oak woods constituting the climax woodland element of the Pannonian and Ponto-Sarmatic wooded steppe biome, with a flora richer in southern, Euxinian and Sarmatic elements than that of the cinquefoil oak woods. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (RO): 1500 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Few semi-natural stands remain preserved. Main threats are related to its distribution in very small areas, grazing, burning down, soil erosion and landslide. Required measures for protection and restitution The main part of the current distribution of the habitat is included in protected areas and Natura 2000 sites. G1.7C4 – Thermophilous [Tilia] woods Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% 30 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 30 27.8.2014 22:36:12 a) Tilia tomentosa-dominated facies of mixed deciduous forests of southern Central Europe and the northern and middle part of the Balkan Peninsula, mostly within the Quercion frainetto environment, but also locally developed in conjunction with eastern Carpinion betuli forests. b) Loosely closed forests mainly of Tilia platyphyllos and Fraxinus excelsior developed on shallow soils of exposed crests of limestone mountains (more rarely on andesite rocks) of the Northern Hungarian Range, with an herb layer of Brachypodium pinnatum, Galium erectum, Cruciata glabra, Digitalis grandiflora, Erysimum odoratum, Sisymbrium strictissimum, Aconitum anthora, accompanied by endemics among which Hesperis vrabelyiana, Carduus collinus and by other regionally rare species with disjunct distribution, such as Waldsteinia geoides, Melica altissima, Carex brevicollis. They constitute relict forests, most probably of the Boreal era, and are of great biological value. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.7C41: Silver lime woods G1.7C42: Oro-Pannonic steppe ash-lime woods Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO): 8200 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (RO): 10 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Current distribution covers less than 10 ha (0.1 km2) and consists of few small locations in Cernei Mountains and Banatului Mountains. Causes of endangerment are scattered and fragmented distribution and very small populations. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection is necessary. G1.7D – [Castanea sativa] woodland Red List Status: EN Criterion: B1 ≥ 70, A4b1, A4b2 Supra-Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean Castanea sativa-dominated forests and old established plantations with semi-natural undergrowth. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (RO): 6500 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Required measures for protection and restitution G1.7C5 – [Celtis australis] woods Red List Status: CR Criterion: D≤250 ha, B1 ≥ 50 Thermophilous woods dominated by, or rich in, Celtis australis. Forests dominated by Celtis australis may have been an important component of Mediterranean woodland, in particular in North Africa, but appear to have been destroyed almost everywhere and to be represented only by individual trees and small stands. 31 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 31 27.8.2014 22:36:12 Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment In the last two decades the populations of sweet chestnut trees were strongly affected by chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica). There are ongoing projects for biological control of the disease which damages chestnut trees. This habitat distribution consists of 2 major locations: In Baia Mare-Baia Sprie and in Northern part of Gorj County. The current distribution of the habitat covers about 65 km2 in the Romanian Carpathians. Causes of endangerment are change in native species dynamics (directly impacting habitat) and pathogens / parasites. In the last two decades the populations of sweet chestnut trees were strongly affected by chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica). Required measures for protection and restitution Both major distribution centres of this habitat are included in Natura 2000 sites (Arboretele de castan comestibil de la Baia Mare and Nordul Gorjului de Vest). G1.871 – Woodrush oak forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% Mesophile, meso-xerophile or meso-hygrophile, mesothermal acidophilous forests of Quercus petraea or sometimes Quercus robur, of central European or northwestern medio-European affinities, usually with Luzula luzuloides, distributed in the Western and Central European Hercynian ranges and their periphery, the northern and northeastern Alpine periphery and the northern and western Carpathian periphery. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.8712: Central European dyer‘s greenweed oak forests G1.8713: Pre-Carpathian beech-sessile oak forests G1.8714: Central European hygrophile acidophilous oak forests Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, RO, SK): 74500 ha Primeval virgin forest: 2500 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Causes of endangerment are clearing, transformation into agriculturally useful areas, and poor regeneration of the sessile oak and coniferous plantations. In the past important surfaces of this habitat were replaced with Scots pine or black locust plantations. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of semi-natural stands, protection should be given priority over utilisation. G1.8A – Continental [Quercus petraea] forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (RO): 48000 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Main threats are poor regeneration of the sessile oak. In the past important surfaces of this habitat were replaced with Scots pine or black locust plantations. Required measures for protection and restitution 1.1.1. – Development 1.1.2. – Implementation 3.8. – Conservation measures 4.1. – Maintenance/Conservation 4.2. – Restoration 4.4.3. – Management 5.4. – Recovery management 5.5. – Disease, pathogen, parasite management G1.A16 – Sub-continental [Quercus] – [Carpinus betulus] forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50%, A4c1 Quercus robur or Quercus petraea forests of eutrophic or 32 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 32 27.8.2014 22:36:13 mesotrophic soils of subcontinental and continental northern and Central Europe and of Eastern Europe. Carpinus betulus is generally present in their western representatives, widespread in Central Europe and western Eastern Europe. They are richer in lime, Tilia cordata, than the subAtlantic forests of units G1.A13, G1.A14 and 41.25. They are of more northern character in their area of mutual approach than the Balkanic forests of unit G1.A1C. Their southern limit of occurrence follows the Carpathian arc, the northern rim of the Podolian plateaux, and, farther east, the southern limit of nemoral forests. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.A164: Peri-Carpathian lime-oak-hornbeam forests G1.A166: Carpathian hairy sedge oak-hornbeam forests G1.A167: Sub-Pannonic primrose oak-hornbeam forests G1.A168: Central sub-Carpathian oak-hornbeam forests Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU, PL, RO, SK): 268200 ha Primeval virgin forest: 42 ha - SK Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Causes of endangerment are cultivation of non-indigenous tree species, change in native species dynamics (directly impacting habitat), Poor recruitment/reproduction/regeneration, invasive alien species, formerly clearing for agricultural use. Required measures for protection and restitution Preservation and restoration of semi-natural stands. Naturally oriented forest management. G1.A1B1 – Pannonic hygrophile ash-oak-hornbeam forests Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1≥90%, B2≥90% Quercus robur, Quercus petraea, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ulmus minor forests of deep nutrient-rich gley soils of the Pannonic plains and hills of Styria, the Burgenland, the Alföld, the northern Hungarian Sator Range, the western Slovakian Danube plain and the eastern Slovakian lowlands, often developed in contact with riverine forests of the Alno-Padion, occupying slightly higher ground, Pannonic vicariant of the Illyrian forests of unit G1.A1A2. Carex brizoides, Anemone nemorosa, Corydalis solida, Galanthus nivalis are abundant in the herb layer, which is particularly rich in vernal ephemerals, including Gagea spathacea, Gagea lutea, Gladiolus imbricatus, Cyclamen purpurascens, Crocus neapolitanus, Erythronium dens-canis, Helleborus dumetorum, Adoxa moschatellina, Anemone ranunculoides, Ranunculus ficaria, Scilla vindobonensis, Leucojum vernum. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (HU): 220 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment In Hungary and further south the forests have been greatly hampered by man. Remnants of semi-natural forests are scattered to almost completely absent and are at great peril because of the general lowering of the groundwater table. Sometimes only scrub remnants remain preserved at the edges of the flumes. Causes of endangerment are transformation into agriculturally useful areas (clearing, habitat drainage, water regulation, melioration), cultivation of non-indigenous tree species, change in native species dynamics (directly impacting habitat), poor recruitment/ reproduction/ regeneration, invasive alien species. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of representative semi-natural stands. G1.A1C – Southeastern European [Quercus] – [Carpinus betulus] forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50% 33 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 33 27.8.2014 22:36:13 Forests of Carpinus betulus and Quercus robur, Quercus petraea or Quercus dalechampii, sometimes with Quercus cerris or Quercus frainetto, of the flanks and piedmont of the eastern and southern Carpathians and of the plateaux of the western Ukraine; azonal, often isolated oak-hornbeam woods of the Moesian Quercion frainetto zone, of the eastern Pannonic and western Pontic steppe woods zone and of the pre-Pontic hills of south-eastern Europe. They are characterized by an admixture of sub-Mediterranean Quercion frainetto species, and, in the east, of Euxinian species. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G1.A1C1: Dacian oak-hornbeam forests G1.A1C2: Moldo-Muntenian oak-lime-hornbeam forests G1.A1C3: Moesian oak-hornbeam forests G1.A1C4: Southern Sarmatic oak-lime-hornbeam forests Endemic habitat: no Current area (SK, UA): 1650 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Semi-natural stands are rare and usually preserved only in small areas. Causes of endangerment are fir decline, presumably due to increasing air pollution from industrial emissions. Transformation of fir forests into spruce plantations. Poor recruitment/ reproduction/ regeneration increasing - gnawing by forest animals, clear-cutting. Required measures for protection and restitution Preservation and restoration of semi-natural stands. Naturally oriented forest management. G3.13 – Acidophilous [Abies alba] forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50%, B2≥50%, A4c1 Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (RO): 95000 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Main threat for the habitat is related to poor fruits production and regeneration of oak, change in native species dynamics (directly impacting habitat), small scale, selecting logging, drought. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of representative semi-natural stands. Naturally oriented forest management. Abies alba and Abies alba-Picea abies forests developed on acid soils of the Alps, the Dinarides, the Carpathians, the Pyrenees, the Jura, the Hercynian ranges and the northern Apennines, within the biogeographical range of beech forests of the Fagion medio-europaeum, of the Fagion illyricum or of the Fagion dacicum. G3.12 – Calciphilous [Abies alba] forests Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1 ≥ 70, D≤ 2500 ha, A4a Abies alba and Abies alba-Picea abies forests developed on calcareous soils. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians 34 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 34 27.8.2014 22:36:13 Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G3.132: Acidophile Hercynio-Alpine fir forests G3.1321: Peri-Alpine acidophile fir forests G3.1323: Dacian acidophile beech fir forests G3.134: Holy Cross fir forests G3.135: [Bazzania] fir forests Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (PL, RO, SK): 83200 ha Primeval virgin forest: 1085 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Most stands have been transformed for almost pure spruce or spruce-larch-plantations. Causes of endangerment are fir decline, presumably due to increasing air pollution from industrial emissions. Transformation of fir forests into spruce plantations. Poor recruitment/ reproduction/ regeneration increasing - gnawing by forest animals, clear-cutting. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of the remaining semi-natural stands. tance for nature conservation: Carpathian spruce forest type, biotope of more important species, a water and soil protective function Causes of endangerment are increasing pollution due to industrial emissions, clear-cutting, building of recreational facilities, fires, occupying an area of natural forest stands, atmospheric pollution, windstorm, climate changes, pathogens / parasites / pests (Ips typographus), use of insecticides. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of the remaining natural stands. G3.1B62 – Eastern Carpathian subalpine spruce forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B2≥50% Subalpine Picea abies forests of the northern Eastern, the eastern and the southern Carpathians of the Ukraine and Romania. G3.1B61 – Western Carpathian subalpine spruce forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B2≥50%, A4c2 Subalpine Picea abies forests of the northwestern and northern Carpathians of Poland and Slovakia, partly with Abies alba, with Luzula luzulina, Soldanella carpatica, often in combination with tall-herb-spruce forests. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (PL, SK): 37000 ha Primeval virgin forest: 1200 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Poland: the altitude-zonal climax-community was preserved quite well in many places until recently, but is now greatly endangered. A characteristic and protection worthy community in its entire area of distribution; Slovakia: potentially endangered by pollutant emissions. Impor- Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (RO): 525000 ha Primeval virgin forest: 41000 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Mainly intensely used; only a few semi-natural forests have been preserved; very important for maintaining the water balance and soil protection in the mountains. Causes of endangerment are increasing pollution due to industrial emissions, clear-cutting, building of recreational facilities, fires, occupying an area of natural forest stands, atmospheric pollution, windstorm, climate changes, pathogens/ parasites / pests (Ips typographus), use of insecticides, cattle grazing and uprooting for grazing. Required measures for protection and restitution Protection of the semi-natural remnants. G3.1C6 – Inner Carpathian spruce forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: B1≥50%, A4c2, Dendemic ≤ 5000 ha 35 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 35 27.8.2014 22:36:13 Picea abies forests of the montane and collinar levels of the inner basin of the Slovakian Carpathians, formed along the Poprad River valley between the High Tatras and the Low Tatras and subjected to a climate of high continentality. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (SK): 2900 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (SK): 870 ha Primeval virgin forest: ? ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The habitat has very limited distribution (limited just to Tatra National Park). However there are no present threats (due to high protection regime), it is endemic habitat for the Carpathians. There are no exact data but distribution of arolla in the last centuries was bigger and decreased due to use of arolla timber. Despite of its small area it is very important vegetation type for biodiversity of upper tree-line in the Tatra Mountains. The main threats are increasing environmental pollution, particularly from the air. Required measures for protection and restitution All patches are strictly protected within the Tatra National Park. G3.253 – Eastern Carpathian larch and arolla forests Red List Status: EN Criterion: B1≥70%, Dendemic ≤ 5000 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The main threats are wind damage and bark beetle plagues, use of insecticides, increasing stress from air pollution related to industry and traffic, soil acidification, clearcutting, tourism - building of recreational facilities. Required measures for protection and restitution Semi-natural stands are worthy of protection (genetic origin of the local populations and ecotypes). Local mixed forests of Pinus cembra, Picea abies and Pinus mugo, of the lower subalpine level (1650 – 1500 m), with regional species Rhododendron myrtifolium, Bruckenthalia spiculifolia, Melampyrum saxosum, Soldanella hungarica ssp. major, Campanula abietina. G3.251 – Western Carpathian larch and arolla forests Red List Status: EN Criterion: Dendemic ≤ 5000 ha, B1≥70% Timberline silicicolous Larix decidua and Pinus cembra formations of the Tatras. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G3.2531: Eastern Carpathian larch forests G3.2532: Eastern Carpathian arolla forests Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (RO): 3900 ha Primeval virgin forest: 1500 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The main threats are tree-cutting, tourism facilities for winter sport practices, road construction. 36 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 36 27.8.2014 22:36:14 Required measures for protection and restitution Being a natural habitat placed at the upper limit of forests, no management measures are needed. Due to this fact, this habitat is rarely ever protected. They have an important role against soil erosion. G3.442 – Carpathian relict calcicolous [Pinus sylvestris] forests Red List Status: VU Criterion: Dendemic ≤ 5000 ha Isolated, calcicolous Pinus sylvestris forests of the western Carpathians, related to the spring heath Scots pine forests of the Alpine area, limited to a few small enclaves in the Strazov mountains, the Velka Fatra, the Pieniny (Pinus sylvestris-Calamagrostis varia community, Pinus sylvestris-Carex alba community), the Slovakian inner-Carpathian basins and the Slovakian Erzgebirge. Erica herbacea and Polygala chamaebuxus are absent; the undergrowth includes a number of species of continental distribution and xerothermic affinities, some, western Carpathian endemics; characteristic are Linum flavum, Carex humilis, Carex alba, Calamagrostis varia, Pulsatilla slavica, Thymus carpathicus, Primula auricula ssp. hungarica, Globularia aphyllanthes, Campanula carpatica, Festuca tatrae. Taxonomic note Habitats of the Romanian Carpathians should be classified as: montane forests. Habitat is not used. Due to its lack of exploitability it is semi-natural to natural in nature almost everywhere. The main threats are forests fires and the forests stands should be injured by soil erosion, collection of rare species. Required measures for protection and restitution This being a natural habitat growing on rocky ground, no management measures are needed. Prohibiting the collection of Arctostaphyllos uva-ursi, medicinal plant (Scăriţa-Belioara). Restrictions for collecting Daphne blagayana, ornamental plant (Cozia). G3.562 – Banat pine forests Red List Status: EN Criterion: A4a, Dendemic ≤ 5000 ha Relict thermophile forests of Pinus banatica (Pinus nigra var. banatica) developed on calcareous substrates of the montane level of the Southern Carpathians, in particular, of the Banat, with Genista radiata, Fraxinus ornus, Cotinus coggygria, Biscutella laevigata, Ceterach officinarum, Festuca xanthina, Seseli rigidum, Campanula kladniana, Centaurea rhenana and Campanula divergens. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (RO): 3200 ha Primeval virgin forest: 500 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The main threats to Pinus nigra forests include unsustainable cutting for production purposes (particularly timber), the spread of exotic species, defoliation by insect pests (especially Thaumetopoea pityocampa), over grazing, fires and genetic pollution. Required measures for protection and restitution Entire area covered by habitat is included in protected areas. G3.4C8: East Carpathian [Sesleria] Scots pine forests G3.4CA: East Carpathian [Daphne blagayana] Scots pine forests Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: yes Current area (PL, RO, SK): 4150 ha Primeval virgin forest: 350 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The habitat has limited distribution. It is endemic habitat for the Carpathians. Despite of its small area it is very important vegetation type for biodiversity of calcicolous 37 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 37 27.8.2014 22:36:14 G3.977 – Alpino-Carpathian yew woods Red List Status: CR Criterion: A1≥ 80, B1≥90, D ≤ 250 ha Taxus baccata woods of the Alpine system and of the Carpathians, in part rare facies of the yew-beech formations, in part amphibolite-colonizing woods with Picea abies and Fraxinus excelsior and Juniperus sabina. Taxonomic note Forest communites with a rare occurence of yew include into the G1.6612 Medio-European yew steep slope beech forests. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (SK): 250 ha (from other countries data are missing) Primeval virgin forest: 50 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment The most important factor effecting viability of yewtree populations is damaging fully-grown and especially young yew-trees by deer game. Particularly adverse situation occurs when young trees are being grazed by animals. Another important factor is decline of quality of tree-top, decline of blossom and fertility of yew-trees in result of increased density of forest vegetation. The vegetation suffers from light shock when circled out and dies back gradually. As a consequence of stagnation of natural regeneration of yew-tree, heavy fragmentation of the occurrence, small number of trees in one location, improper application of forest-economic practices, many populations of yew-tree are endangered by extinction. Required measures for protection and restitution The close to nature and sustainable management in the forest, the natural tree species conservation, the support of forest regeneration and the follow protection of seedlings against the game. G3.E – Nemoral bog conifer woodland Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1≥90%, B2≥90%, A4a Woods of Pinus spp. or Picea spp., sometimes mixed with Betula pubescens, colonizing bogs and fens in the nemoral zone. Conifer-dominated bog woodland occurs mainly in the boreal and boreonemoral zones, but extends into the nemoral, wooded steppe and steppe zones. Taxonomic note Habitat includes the following sub-units: G3.E1: [Pinus mugo] bog woods G3.E2: Nemoral [Pinus sylvestris] mire woods G3.E211: Inland northern bilberry Scots Pine mire woods G3.E5: Nemoral peatmoss [Picea] woods G3.E51: Peri-Alpine peatmoss spruce woods G3.E6: Nemoral bog [Picea] woods Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (PL, RO, SK): 11350 ha Primeval virgin forest: 1050 ha The current distribution of this habitat covers around 74 km2 in Romanian Carpathians. In this habitat type has been included also the habitat type Norway spruce forests with Sphangnum spp. (R4210) because sometimes the transition between 91D0* and 9410 is not evident and environmental conditions and vegetation structure is close to 91D0*. Otherwise, the surface area of 91D0* is around 30 – 35 km2. Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment Habitat in the past was frequently drained, converted into forestry or used for the excavation of peat. Currently most of the habitat distribution is included in the protected areas and Natura 2000 sites. The main threats are drainage, afforestation, peat extraction, eutrophication, droughts and less precipitation, grazing. Required measures for protection and restitution Most of the habitat distribution is included in protected areas and Natura 2000 sites. Cessation of peat extraction, protection of intact mires and remnants, wetland restoration. 38 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 38 27.8.2014 22:36:14 G4.71 – Subcontinental nemoral [Pinus] – [Quercus] forests Red List Status: CR Criterion: B1 ≥ 50, D ≤ 250 ha Acidophilous forests in which Quercus petraea is associated in the main canopy with Pinus sylvestris, characteristic of siliceous bedrock, gravels, loams, moraines, with shallow, often podsolised soils, on relatively dry, often south-facing slopes and hilltops of the collinar and submontane levels of the Bohemian quadrangle, the Carpathians, the eastern Alps and their associated plateaux. Geographical distribution in the Carpathians Endemic habitat: no Current area (SK): 50 ha Primeval virgin forest: 0 ha Assessment rationale and causes of endangerment There are only fragments of boreal - continental forests in the West Carpathian area. It is a rare biotope in this area. Causes of endangerment: fires. Required measures for protection and restitution They are not endangered at present. The most of them are classified as protected forests. It is necessary to keep the origin status of this biotope in consideration of the rare occurrence. References General: BOHN, U., NEUHÄUSL, R., unter Mitarbeit von / with contributions by GOLLUB, G., HETTWER, C., NEUHÄUSLOVÁ, Z., RAUS, TH., SCHLÜTER, H. & WEBER, H. (2000/2003). Karte der natürlichen Vegetation Europas / Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe. Maßstab / Scale 1 : 2 500 000. Münster (Landwirtschaftsverlag). RODRÍGUEZ, J. P. et al. (2011). Establishing IUCN Red List Criteria for Threatened Ecosystems. Conserv Biol. 25(1): 21-29. IUCN (2001). IUCN red list categories and criteria. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, Species Survival Commission; 2001. Version 3.1. IUCN (2010). Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Gland, Switzerland: Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Species Survival Commission; Version 8.0. Available from http://intranet.iucn. org/webfiles/doc/SSC/RedList/RedListGuidelines. pdf Hungary BÖLÖNI, J., MOLNÁR, ZS., BIRÓ, M. & HORVÁTH, F. (2008). Distribution of the (semi-)natural habitats in Hungary II. Woodlands and shrublands. Acta Botanica Hungarica 50 (Suppl.): 107-148. Historical distributions were calculated with the help of the 1st Military Survey (end of 18th century). All data were counted with GIS analysis on the basis of a whole country survey and recognition of the actual state of natural & semi-natural vegetation of Hungary: http://www.novenyzetiterkep.hu/en/english/publications Poland MRÓZ, W. (2010). Monitoring siedlisk przyrodniczych. Przewodnik metodyczny. Część I GIOŚ, Warszawa. HERBICH, J. (red.) (2004). Lasy i bory. Poradniki ochrony siedlisk i gatunków Natura 2000 - podręcznik metodyczny. Ministerstwo Środowisk, Warszawa. Contributors to the compiling of the Red List HU: Aszalos Réka (aszalos.reka@okologia.mta.hu) PL: Mróz Wojciech, Szewczyk Monika (monika.szewczyk@gridw.pl) RO: Biris Iovu (iovu.biris@gmail.com) SK: Rizman Ivor (rizman@nlcsk.org), Vaško Ľudovít (vasko@nlcsk.org) SR: Bakovic Dejan (dejan.bakovic@zzps.rs) UK: Kabal Myroslav (forest_cbr@ukr.net), Voloshchuk Mykola Romania ALEXIU, V. (1998). Vegetaţia masivului Iezer-Păpuşa. Studiu fitocenologic. Editura Cultura, Piteşti, 362 pp. BARBU, I. & BARBU, C. (2005). Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in Romania. Editura Silvică, Bucureşti, 220 pp. http:// www.editurasilvica.ro/carti/barbu3/integral.pdf BELDIE, A. (1941). Observaţiuni asupra vegetaţiei lemnoase din Munţii Bucegi. Analele Institutului de Cercetări şi Experimentaţie Forestieră, vol. VI, I.C.E.F., Bucureşti, p. 3-81, http://www.editurasilvica.ro/analeleicas/6/1/beldie.pdf BELDIE, A. (1951). 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(1984). Flora şi vegetaţia pajiştilor din Munţii Ciucaş. Editura Academiei, Bucureşti, 148 pp. PLĂMADĂ, E. & COLDEA, G. (1990). Cercetări fitocenotice asupra unor făgete din Transilvania. Studii şi Cerc. de Biol., Seria Biol. Veget. 42(1): 43-49. COLDEA, G. (1975). Étude phytosociologique concernant les hêtraies des monts Plopiş. Revue Roum. de Biol., 20(1): 33-41. COLDEA, G., BOŞCAIU, N., LUPŞA, V., PLĂMĂDĂ, E. & RESMERIŢĂ, I. (1970). Vegetaţia făgetelor din sectorul Valea Eşelniţa – Valea Mraconiei al Defileului Dunării. Studii şi cerc. de Biol. Seria Bot., 22(6), p. 467-474. CONSTANTINESCU, N. (1941). Fagul în Oltenia. Viaţa Forestieră, vol. IX(4-6), Bucureşti, p. 85-92. DIHORU, G. (1975). Învelişul vegetal din muntele Siriu. Editura Acad. R.S.R, Bucureşti. DONITĂ, N., BĂNDIU, C., BIRIŞ, I.-A., GANCZ, V., APOSTOL, J. & MARCU, C. (2008). Harta pădurilor – pe unităţi ecosistemice. România (scara 1:500 000). Editura Silvică, Bucureşti. GHEORGHIU, O. (2010). CERCETĂRI PRIVIND CUNOAŞTEREA CARACTERELOR FUNDAMENTALE ALE STAŢIUNILOR FORESTIERE APTE PENTRU BRĂDETE ŞI BRĂDETO-FĂGETE POPESCU, A. et al. (1989). Cenotaxonomia făgetelor din România. Cercetări ecologice. Editura Academiei, Bucureşti. POPESCU, G. (1978). Studii fitocenologice asupra făgetelor din bazinul hidrografic al Bistriţei-Vâlcii. Analele Univ. Craiova, 9(19), Craiova, p. 75-79. POPESCU, G. (1981). Contribuţii la studiul fitocenologic al pădurilor de fag din bazinul hidrografic al BistriţeiVâlcii. Analele Univ. Craiova, Biol., Agron., Hortic., 12(22), Craiova, p. 9-17. POPESCU, G. (1984). Răşinoasele in zona dealurilor din zona dealurilor din Subcarpaţii Orientali de mijloc. Editura Ceres, Bucureşti, p. 343. POPESCU-ZELETIN, I. & BÎNDIU, C., M., V. (1975). Caracteristici ecologice ale brădeto-făgetelor pluriene de la Sinaia. Raport ştiinţific, Institutul de cercetări şi amenajări silvice, Bucureşti, 52 pp. PURCELEAN, Ş. (1965). Făgetul montan nud din bazinul 40 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 40 27.8.2014 22:36:15 superior al Teleajenului. Revista Pădurilor, 80(6), Ministerul economiei forestiere, Bucureşti, p. 335-315. PURCELEAN, Ş. (1966). Tipurile naturale de pădure din bazinul superior al Teleajenului. Institutul de cercetări forestiere, Bucureşti, 254 pp. RACLARU, P. (1970). Flora şi vegetaţia Munţilor Rarău. Rezumatul tezei de doctorat, Universitatea Bucureşti, 56 pp. ROB, M. (2003). Cercetări privind particularităţile structurale şi calitative ale făgetelor montane naturale din Munţii Gutâi. Teza de doctorat, Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov, 174 pp. ŞERBĂNESCU, I. (1939). Flora şi vegetaţia Masivului Penteleu. Teza de doctorat, Universitatea Bucureşti, 135 pp. ŞOFLETEA, N. (1998). Consideraţii chorologice şi ecologice privind brădetele din zona perimetrală şesului Bîrsei. Revista de Silvicultură a Sud-Estului Transilvaniei, vol. III(1), Editura Lux libris, Braşov, p. 17-19. SOÓ, R. (1964). Die regionalen Fagion – Verbände und gesellschaften Süd-ost europas Studia. Biol. Acad. Sci. Hung, 1, 104 pp. ŞTEFAN, N. (1980). Cercetarea florei şi vegetaţiei din bazinul superior şi mijlociu al rîului Rîmnicului Sărat. Rezumatul tezei de doctorat, Universitatea Iaşi, 22 pp. TOMA, M. (1976). Cercetări asupra florei şi vegetaţiei din Depresiunea Dornelor (judeţul Suceava). Rezumatul tezei de doctorat, Universitatea Cluj-Napoca, 25 pp. TOMESCU, C. (2005). Diversitatea florei şi vegetaţiei ecosistemelor naturale din bazinul rîului Suceava. Rezumatul tezei de doctorat, Universitatea Iaşi, 57 pp. VLONGA, Ş. (1998). Cercetări ecologice în făgete montane şi amestecuri de răşinoase cu fag din masivul Ciucaş, în care se aplică tratamente de codru regulat. Teza de doctorat, Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov, 132 pp. ZAMFIRESCU, O., CHIFU, T., ZAMFIRESCU, Ş. & MÎNZU, C. (2006). Făgetele din Masivul Ceahlău, Analele Universităţii „Ştefan Cel Mare“ Suceava, vol. 1, silvicultură, Suceava, p. 5-22. ZANOSCHI, V. (1971). Flora şi vegetaţia Masivului Ceahlău. Rezumatul tezei de doctorat, Universitatea. Slovakia JASÍK, M., POLÁK, P. (eds) (2011). Pralesy Slovenska. FSC Slovensko, Banská Bystrica. MICHALKO, J., MAGIC, D., BERTA, J., MAGLOCKÝ, Š. & ŠPÁNIKOVÁ, A. (1986). Geobotanická mapa ČSSR. Slovenská socialistická republika, 1 : 200.000. [Geobotanical Map of Czechoslovakia, Slovak Socialist Republic]. – Bratislava (Veda Publ.), 162 pp., 12 maps. STANOVÁ, V., VALACHOVIČ, M. (eds) (2002). Katalóg Biotopov Slovenska. DAPHNE - Inštitút aplikovanej ekológie, bratislava, 225 pp. Map of potential vegetation 1:500 000 (Atlas krajiny Slovenskej republiky. Bratislava: Ministerstvo životného prostredia SR; Banská Bystrica: SAŽP, 2002). Digital forest type map (National Forest Centre, 2011). Forest inventory database and maps 1998 - 2008 (National Forest Centre). Serbia LAKUŠIĆ, D., BLAŽENČIĆ, J., RANĐELOVIĆ, V., BUTORAC, B., VUKOJIČIĆ, S., ZLATKOVIĆ, B., JOVANOVIĆ, S., ŠINŽAR-SEKULIĆ, J., ŽUKOVEC, D., ĆALIĆ, I. & PAVIĆEVIĆ, D. (2005). Habitats of Serbia – Manual with descriptions and basic facts. - In: Lakušić, D. (ed.): Serbian Habitats, Results of the project “Harmonization of the national habitat nomenclature with standards of the international community”, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Faculty of Biology, the University of Belgrade, Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Serbia. Table 2: Summary of numbers of forest habitats within each category of threat IUCN Red List categories Extinct (EX) Extinct in the Wild (EW) Critically Endangered (CR) Endangered (EN) Vulnerable (VU) Near Threatened (NT) Least Concern (LC) Data Deficient (DD) Total number of habitats assessed No. of forest habitats 13 10 17 4 9 1 54 No. of endemic forest habitats 2 3 5 4 1 10 41 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 41 27.8.2014 22:36:15 42 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 42 27.8.2014 22:36:15 no yes G3.13 - Acidophilous [Abies alba] forests G3.1B61 - Western Carpathian subalpine spruce forests no G1.A1B1 - Pannonic hygrophile ash-oak-hornbeam forests no no G1.A16 - Sub-continental [Quercus] - [Carpinus betulus] forests no no G1.8A - Continental [Quercus petraea] forests G3.12 - Calciphilous [Abies alba] forests no G1.871 - Woodrush oak forests G1.A1C - Southeastern European [Quercus] - [Carpinus betulus] forests no no G1.7D - [Castanea sativa] woodland no G1.7C5 - [Celtis australis] woods no G1.7C4 - Thermophilous [Tilia] woods G1.769 - Getic sub-continental thermophilous oak woods G1.7C2 - [Carpinus orientalis] woods no G1.7374 - Pannonian [Quercus pubescens] woods no no G1.7373 - Intra-Carpathian insular [Quercus virgiliana] woods no yes G1.6D3 - East Carpathian subalpine beech forests G1.7A12 - Tartar maple steppe oak woods yes G1.65 - Medio-European subalpine [Fagus] woods G1.7A11 - White cinquefoil oak woods no no G1.6121 - Hercyno-Alpine montane woodrush beech forests no G1.611 - Medio-European collinar woodrush beech forests no G1.411 - Meso-eutrophic swamp alder woods no no G1.2234 - Getic oak-elm-ash forests no no G1.2233 - Pannonic ash-oak-alder forests G1.5 - Broadleaved swamp woodland on acid peat no G1.21 - Riverine Fraxinus - Alnus woodland, wet at high but not at low water G1.42 - [Quercus] swamp woods no yes G1.1214 - Eastern Carpathian grey alder galleries no G1.1141 - Pannonic willow and poplar-willow galleries G1.1213 - Hercynio-Carpathian grey alder galleries no Endemic habitat G1.1112 - Eastern European poplar-willow forests EUNIS CM system Alnion incanae Alnion incanae Alnion incanae Alnion incanae Alnion incanae Salicion albae Salicion albae Vaccinio-Piceion Galio-Abietenion Galio-Abietenion Dacian oak & hornbeam Quercion robori-Carpinenion Carpinion betuli Galio-Carpinetum Genisto germanicae-Quercion Castaneo-Quercion Celto-Juglandetum regiae Tilio-Acerion Aceri tatarici-Quercion Potentillo albae-Quercion Quercion confertae cerris Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Symphyto cordati-Fagion Fagion - Acerenion Luzulo-Fagion Luzulo-Fagion Betulion pubescentis Genisto germanicae-Quercion Alnion glutinosae Table 3: Endemic habitats and conversion between EUNIS habitat classification and other classifications 9410 - - 91Y0 91G0* 91G0* 9170 91I0* 9260 - 9180 - 91I0* 91I0* 91M0 91H0* 91AA* 91V0 9140 9110 9110 91D0* 9190 - 91F0 91F0 91E0* 91E0* 91E0* 91E0* 91E0* Natura Pal. Hab 42.2161 Western Carpathian subalpine spruce forests 42.13 Acidophile medio-European fir forests 41.12 Calciphile medio-European fir forests 41.2C4 Southern Sarmatic oak-lime-hornbeam forests 41.2B1 Pannonic hygrophile ash-oak-hornbeam forests 41.26 Sub-continental oak-hornbeam forests 41.571 Woodrush oak forests 41.9 Chestnut woods 41.85 Nettle-tree woods 41.84 Thermophilous lime woods 41.822 Helleno-Balkanic oriental hornbeam woods 41.7A2 Tartar maple steppe oak woods 41.7A11 Western white cinquefoil sessile oak woods 41.769 Getic sub-continental thermophilous oak woods 41.7374 Pannpnian white oak woods 41.7373 Intra-Carpathian insular [Quercus virgiliana] woods 41.1D3 East Carpathian sub-alpine beech forests 41.15 Medio-European subalpine beech woods 41.1121 Hercyno-Alpine montane woodrush beech forests 41.111 Medio-European collinar woodrush beech forests 44.A1 Sphagnum birch woods 44.94 Oak swamp woods 44.91 Alder swamp woods 44.434 Getic oak-elm-ash forests 44.4 Mixed oak-elm-ash forests of great rivers 44.3 Middle European stream ash-alder woods 44.2 Boreo-alpine riparian galleries 44.2 Boreo-alpine riparian galleries 44.1161 - Pannonic willow and poplar-willow galleries 44.132 - Eastern European poplar-willow forests 43 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 43 27.8.2014 22:36:15 yes yes yes yes no no no G3.253 - Eastern Carpathian larch and arolla forests G3.442 - Carpathian relict calcicolous [Pinus sylvestris] forests G3.562 - Banat pine forests G3.977 - Alpino-Carpathian yew woods G3.E - Nemoral bog conifer woodland G4.71 - Subcontinental nemoral [Pinus] - [Quercus] forests G3.1C6 - Inner Carpathian spruce forests G3.251 - Western Carpathian larch and arolla forests yes yes G3.1B62 - Eastern Carpathian subalpine spruce forests Vaccinio-Piceion Pino-Quercion Sphagnion medii, Piceion excelsae Cephalanthero-Fagion Pulsatillo slavicae-Pinion Vaccinio-Piceion Vaccinio-Piceion Vaccinio-Piceion 9410 - 91D0* 9150 9530* 91Q0 9420 9420 9410 42.2162 Eastern Carpathian subalpine spruce forests 43.5 Subcontinental nemoral pine-oak forests 44.A Birch and conifer mire woods 42.A77 Alpino-Carpathian yew woods 42.662 Banat pine forests 42.542 Carpathian relict calcicolous pine forests 42.353 Eastern Carpathian larch and arolla forests 42.351 Western Carpathian larch and arolla forests 42.2161 Western Carpathian subalpine spruce forests RED LIST OF VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE CARPATHIANS Compiled by Peter Turis Authors / Contributors: Peter Turis, Pavol Eliáš jun. (Slovakia), András Schmotzer, Gergely Király (Hungary), Erika Schneider (Romania), Hanna Kuciel, Monika Szewczyk (Poland), Alla Kozurak, Tatiana Antosyak, Mykola Voloshchuk (Ukraine), Predrag Lazarević (Serbia), Pavel Lustyk (Czech Republic) Introduction Depending on the border demarcation, the Carpathian Mts occupy about 210,000 km2, and the width ranges up The Carpathians constitute one of the largest and best to 60 – 300 km (KONDRACKI 1989, KRÁL 1999). The major preserved European mountains. Opinions on precise depart is located in Romania (about 55% of the total area), marcation of about 1,500 km long mountain system vary much less in Slovakia (about 17%), Ukraine (about 10%), according to different authors. Part of the authors (e.g. Poland (about 9%), Hungary (about 4%), the Czech ReKONDRACKI 1989) sees them as a massif starting in Auspublic (about 3%) and Austria (less than 1%) (KONDRACKI tria and continuing through the Czech Republic, Slovakia, 1989). From the orographic and phytogeographical point Poland, Hungary, Ukraine, Romania up to the Danube of view, the Carpathians are usually divided into Western River on the border with Serbia. They incorporate there Carpathians, Eastern Carpathians and Southern Carpaalso the relatively large Transylvanian tableland in Romathians, the boundaries between these units vary according nia (Fig. 1). Other authors (e.g. POSEA 2006) do not consito respective views (e.g. KLIMENT 1999). der the Transylvanian tableland as part of the Carpathian The Carpathians are the northernmost and easternmost Mountains and they include here only significant mounmountain massif of the Central Europe extending up to tains rising from the surrounding areas situated below in about 70 m above sea level on the banks of the Danube in Romania (Fig. 2). Another authors (e.g. KRÁL 1999) assithe Iron Gates to 2,655 m asl in highest mountains in the gned to the Carpathians also the area behind the Kazan Tatras. It represents a corridor linking the Alps with the breakthrough of the Danube in eastern Serbia (Fig. 3). Balkan Mts. They are typical band-pass mountains with a Exceptionally, hills in the northwest ness of Bulgaria are significant presence of flysch in the outer zone, metamorregarded as part of the Carpathian Mountains as well (e.g. phosed, crystalline, or extremely rugged calcareous rocks CANKOV 1974). in the central zone and the Neogene volcanics in the inner zone (KONDRACFigure 1: Map of the Carpathians (according to KONDRACKI 1989). KI 1989, KRÁL 1999). Several stages of the Quarternary glaciations (KONDRACKI 1989) left significant geomorphological traces in the highest part of the massif. Anthropogenic use of the Carpathian area has not reached significant level compared with the mountains of the Western Europe and it had more or less extensive character to the mid-20th century. Medieval Wallachian colonization was an important phenomenon in the colonization of Carpathian mountain landscape aimed at obtaining meadows and pastures for livestock. The flora of the Carpathians is considered very rich due to the natural and climatic conditions, geographical 44 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 44 27.8.2014 22:36:15 Figure 2: Map of the Carpathians (according to RUFFINI F. V., STREIFENEDER T. & EISELT B., 2006: Implementing an international mountain convention. An approach for the delimitation of the Carpathian Convention area. European Accademy, Bolzano/ Bozen, 119 pp.). country these Red Lists were generated from 70-ties of the last century (Czech Republic: ČEŘOVSKÝ et al. 1979, HOLUB et al. 1979; Hungary: RAKONCZAY 1990; Poland: JASIEWICZ 1981, ZARZYCKI & KAŹMIERCZAKOWA 1993; Romania: BOŞCAIU et al. 1994, DIHORU & DIHORU 1994, OLTEAN et al. 1994, DIHORU & NEGREAN 2009; Serbia: STEVANOVIĆ et al. 1996, STEVANOVIĆ 1999; Slovakia: MAGLOCKÝ 1983; Ukraine: SITNIK 1980; former Czechoslovakia: ČEŘOVSKÝ et al. 1999) and they were later rewritten, or supplemented in view of the continuing devastation of the natural environment (Czech Republic: PROCHÁZKA et al. 1983, HOLUB 2000, GRULICH 2012; Hungary: KIRÁLY 2007; Poland: ZARZYCKI 1986, ZARZYCKI & SZELĄG 1992, 2006, Psephellus trinervius – critically endangered (CR) species marginally extending into Romanian Carpathians, photo: P. Turis location and historical development. Within about 12,500 taxa of vascular plants recorded throughout Europe (WWF & IUCN 1994), 3,895 taxa are known from the Carpathians (TASENKEVICH 1998), among which 482 taxa are exclusively Carpathian endemics (TASENKEVICH 2003). Therefore, the Carpathians are included among the key Palearctic mountain eco-regions (WEBSTER et al. 2001) and they represent one of the 24 phyto-diversity centres of Europe (WWF & IUCN 1994). Changes associated with industrialization and agricultural use of Carpathian countries around the mid-20th century lead to gradual anthropisation of the territory, which hit original flora in varying intensity. The Red Lists of plants or plant Red Books have begun to highlight this escalating threatening of flora of these countries. Within each Figure 3: Map of the Carpathians (according to KRÁL 1999). KAŹMIERCZAKOWA & ZARZYCKI 2001; Slovakia: MAGLOCKÝ & FERÁKOVÁ 1993, FERÁKOVÁ et. al. 2001; Ukraine: ŠELJAG-SOSONKO 1996, DIDUCH 2009). In these works, the authors evaluated together taxa present not only in the Carpathians, but also in other parts of the country. Red Lists of plants or Red Books of plants exclusively for the Carpathian region were published only occasionally (MIREK & PIĘKOŚ-MIRKOWA 1992, KRICSFALUSY et al. 1999, KRICSFALUSY & BUDNIKOV 2007, MIREK & PIĘKOŚMIRKOWA 2008). Only Tasenkevich tried the Carpathianwide approach to the assessment of vulnerability of flora when preparing two similar versions of red lists of plants within the project of the Carpathian EcoRegion Initiative and WWF – Danube-Carpathian Programme (TASENKEVICH 2002, 2003). Their update was needed because of the diversity of data on which assessment was based and changes in the guidelines of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for application of red list criteria. 45 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 45 27.8.2014 22:36:15 The present Red List of vascular plants of the Carpathians was developed within the project ‘BioREGIO Carpathians‘ (http://www.bioregio-carpathians.eu) in 2011 – 2013. The partner organizations of the project (State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic and the National Forest Centre in Slovakia, National Foundation for Environmental Protection Environmental Information Centre UNEP/GRID-Warsaw in Poland, Duna-Ipoly National Park Directorate and the Szent István University in Hungary, Carpathian Biosphere Reserve in Ukraine, Piatra Craiului National Park Administration, Maramures Mountains Nature Park Administration, Iron Gates Nature Park Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency Sibiu in Romania, Public Enterprise Djerdap National Park in Serbia) developed the red lists for the Carpathian parts in respective countries, using the specialists’expertise. The aim of the project was to create red lists of vascular plants, several animal groups, forest habitats, non-forest habitats and the list of invasive alien plants and animals. REGIO Carpathians‘ project a common definition of the Carpathians was established (Fig. 4), outline of which coincides with the boundaries declared by Král (KRÁL 1999). In Romania, the territory under evaluation was later modified – the Transylvanian tableland was excluded. Application of IUCN categories and criteria Internationally binding Red List Guidelines and Criteria Figure 4: Map of the Carpathians (according to ‚BioREGIO Carpathians‘ project, http://www.bioregio-carpathians.eu/tl_files/ bioregio/donwnloads_resources/Key%20Outputs%20and%20 Publication/Bioregio_WP3_Methodology_RedListVascularPlant_EndangeredSpecies.pdf). Methods The compilation of the Red List of vascular plants of the Carpathians (the ‘Carpathian list‘) preceded the formation of red lists of vascular plants of the Carpathian parts of respective Carpathian countries (the ‘national lists‘), which represented the basis for development of the final ‘Carpathian list‘. Geographical scope For solving the above-mentioned objective of the ‘‘BioPapaver tatricum subsp. fatraemagnae – endemic endangered (EN) taxon of Slovakian Western Carpathians, photo: P. Turis defined by IUCN in versions 3.1 and 4.0 (IUCN 2012a, 2012b) have been respected in the threat assessment of taxa included in ‘national lists‘ and ‘Carpathian list‘. Categories Extinct (EX), Regionally Extinct (RE), Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), Near Threatened (NT), Least Concern (LC), Data Deficient (DD), Not Applicable (NA) and their content are used in accordance with these guidelines. Missing taxa, for which there is some low probability of recurrence, were distinguished from the category of extinct (EX, RE). For those taxa, unofficial categories ‘Critically Endangered (possibly extinct)‘ [CR (PE); taxa not confirmed in evaluated area for less than 25 years], and ‘probably extinct‘ [globally EX?, in regional scale RE?; taxa not confirmed in the evaluated area for 25 to 50 years]. So category RE was applied here to taxa not confirmed in the assessed area for over 50 years. The category Least Concern (LC) was used in the ‘national lists‘ for common or abundant taxa in any orographic unit of evaluated country. In the ‘Carpathian list‘, it was used for common or abundant taxa in at least one country. Similarly, category Data Deficient (DD) was applied for taxa with lack of data necessary for the evaluation, or for taxa with unclear taxonomic position. Principles for elaboration of the Red Lists of vascular plants in particular Carpathian countries During the processes of ‘national lists‘ elaboration, the 46 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 46 27.8.2014 22:36:16 experts from particular countries used already published documents (available only for Poland and Ukraine; MIREK & PIĘKOŚ-MIRKOWA 1992, KRICSFALUSY et al. 1999, KRICSFALUSY & BUDNIKOV 2007, MIREK & PIĘKOŚ-MIRKOWA 2008), or they used published national red lists of plants (for other countries) from which taxa absent in the Carpathian part of the state were excluded. Based on the current field research or detailed taxonomic studies these initial lists were complemented by adding other taxa, or reduction of included taxa. All native taxa (excluding interspecific hybrids) present in the respective region were included to ‘national lists‘, inDaphne arbuscula – endemic vulnerable (VU) species of Slovakian Western Carpathians, photo: P. Turis tegories VU, EN, CR, CR(PE), RE?, RE and EX? *. There are included not only categories of threat and criteria for taxa at the Carpathian-wide level, but also at the national level, which shows the regional differences in threat. Presence of not threatened taxa in individual countries (i.e. not included in the ‚national lists‘) is in the ‚Carpathian list‘ indicated by ‘+‘. Information about the presence of taxa helps to better understand a category assignment on the Carpathian-wide scale. Evaluation of the category of threat of individual taxa within the whole Carpathians is mainly based on their distribution. Taxa present in single country has been assigned category of threat proposed by this country. For other taxa, the number of known sites and vulnerability of their habitats has been taken into account in particular. Special symbols indicate endemic species, neophytes, the occurrence of taxa on predominantly anthropogenic habitats, taxa common in neighbouring regions, but only marginally extending into the Carpathians and taxa protected by international instruments (Bern Convention, Natura 2000). Neophytes are according to the works of PROTOPOPOVA 1991, BALOGH et al. 2004, MEDVECKÁ et al. 2012, PYŠEK et al. 2012, endemic taxa follow STOYKO & TASENKEVICH 1993, KLIMENT 1999, BERNÁTOVÁ 2002, KRICSFALUSY & BUDNIKOV 2002, BERNÁTOVÁ & MÁJOVSKÝ 2003, BERNÁTOVÁ et al. 2003, DVOŘÁKOVÁ 2003, PIĘKOŚMIRKOWA & MIREK 2003, CHRTEK & MRÁZ 2007, KLIMENT & BERNÁTOVÁ 2008, and HURDU et al. 2012. In the ‘CarRhododendron myrtifolium – least concern (LC) species of Eastern and Southern Carpathians, photo: P. Turis cluding steady hybridogenous species and archaeophytes. Neophytes were assigned only in case of naturalized rare taxa that do not behave as invasive at regional level and if they occur in up to 5 locations. Inclusion of taxa of apomictic genera in those ‘national lists‘ was very diverse and it expressed levels of obtained data necessary for the assessment of their threat and rareness. For example, genus Alchemilla was assessed only in Poland, Rubus only in the Czech Republic, Taraxacum in the Czech Republic, Poland and partly also in Slovakia, Hieracium and Pilosella only in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, and Sorbus only in Slovakia. When assessing the conservation status of taxa, sites with demonstrably non-originating occurrence were excluded. Taxa with temporary incidence reported in previous national lists in the EX category were included only if their occurrence was demonstrable (e.g. by herbarium specimens). Principles for elaboration of the Red List of vascular plants of the Carpathians Taxonomic structure of the ‘Carpathian list‘ form individual taxa from ‘national lists‘ which were evaluated in IUCN ca- * see comment about participation of the Czech Republic in the ‘BioREGIO Carpathians‘ project in the chapter ‘Note‘ 47 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 47 27.8.2014 22:36:18 pathian list‘ no endemic species of the Czech Republic (KAPLAN 2012) is included. Nomenclature of included taxa Individual countries enrolled taxa in ‘national lists‘ according to the nomenclature under their own generally accepted and used resources (Czech Republic: DANIHELKA et al. 2012; Hungary: KIRÁLY 2009; Poland: MIREK et al. 2002, PIĘKOŚ-MIRKOWA & MIREK 2003, MIREK & PIĘKOŚMIRKOWA 2008, KAŹMIERCZAKOWA & ZARZYCKI in prep.; Romania: OPREA 2005, CIOCÂRLAN 2009; Serbia: JOSIFOVIĆ 1970–1977, SARIĆ & DIKLIĆ 1986, SARIĆ 1992, STEVANOVIĆ 1999, 2012; Slovakia: MARHOLD et al. in prep.; Ukraine: MOSYAKIN & FEDORONCHUK 1999). Taxa are referred to the level of subspecies. Subspecies are not specified when the species does not have lower taxonomic unit described, or if it is the nominate subspecies. Figure 5: Percentage of taxa classified in particular categories of threat in the Red List of vascular plants of the Carpathians (abbreviations used: see the text). Euro+Med PlantBase are mentioned repeatedly. The names of taxa according to Euro+Med PlantBase are also referred to the level of subspecies, except of cases, when subspecies are not distinguished in any of the country, and therefore could not have been clearly identified (see e.g. Aethionema saxatile, etc.). For the same reason some taxa can be listed simultaneously at species and subspecies level, but both names represent different taxa in ‘national lists‘ (see e.g. Lathyrus pannonicus subsp. pannonicus and L. pannonicus subsp. collinus). Note For the initial absence of the Czech Republic in the project ‘BioREGIO Carpathians‘ this country has not developed its own ‘national list‘. The involvement of the Czech Republic at a final stage of the ‘Carpathian list‘ elaboration was addressed by adding those threatened taxa that do not occur in other countries. Therefore, taxa evaluated in the ‘Carpathian list‘ disregard the presence and the level of threat / no threat in the Carpathian part of the Czech Republic. Results and Discussion The proposed ‘Carpathian list‘ (Table 1) presents a regional list containing 1,091 taxa reported in the database of Euro+Med PlantBase (see column ‘EuroMed name‘) and 1,169 taxa recorded in literature sources of various Carpathian countries (see column ‘National name‘). It is the first Carpathian-wide list of threatened species according to the IUCN categories and criteria. It includes one taxon evaluated in the category EX?, 20 taxa evaluaAstragalus dasyanthus – endangered (EN) species of Hungarian Western Carpathians, photo: P. Turis Considering the disunity of use of national nomenclature [see e.g. different author abbreviations to Adenophora liliifolia (L.) Besser vs. Adenophora liliifolia (L.) Ledeb. ex A. DC., etc.], synonyms (see e.g. Conioselinum tataricum vs. Conioselinum vaginatum, Seseli peucedanoides vs. Gasparinia peucedanoides, etc.) and the diversity of taxonomic concepts in respective countries (see e.g. Erigeron alpinus vs. E. alpinus subsp. intermedius, Aquilegia nigricans vs. Aquilegia vulgaris subsp. nigricans, etc.) the nomenclature of the ‘Carpathian list‘ refers to the database of Euro+Med PlantBase (EURO+MED PLANTBASE 2006–2011). In the case of unprocessed groups, the terminology used is in accordance with an earlier version of the database appearing on the PGR Forum (www.pgrforum.org). The taxon name according to this database combines in some cases several differently written names, synonyms and comparable taxa of different taxonomic evaluation in respective states (see examples above). The taxa reported in one country as different (see e.g. Epipactis purpurata vs. E. purpurata and E. pseudopurpurata) are not grouped under the common name in this database. For this reason, some names according to 48 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 48 27.8.2014 22:36:20 ted in category RE, 13 taxa in the category RE?, 3 taxa in the category CR(PE), 95 taxa in the category CR, 135 taxa in the category EN and 219 taxa in the category VU. Furthermore, there are 388 taxa listed in the category NT, 199 in the category LC and 18 taxa were evaluated as DD. Categories ratio is shown in Fig. 5. The final form of the ‘Carpathian list‘ is based on proposals drawn up by individual Carpathian countries (http://www.sopsr.sk/ symfony-bioregio/botany), a part of the ‘national lists‘ is published (TURIS et al., 2014). Overview of taxa and representation of IUCN categories in the ‘national lists‘ (status to August 22nd, 2013) is shown in Table 2. From the 3,895 taxa mentioned in the Carpathians (TASENKEVICH 1998), 1,152 (29.6%) are included in the proposed ‘Carpathian list‘, 103 of them are regarded as Carpathian endemics (21.4 %). In addition, 37 taxa of the ‘Carpathian list‘ are included in Appendix I (strictly protected species) of the Convention on the Conservation of European Betula humilis – critically endangered (CR) species of Ukrainian and Romanian Eastern Carpathians, photo: P. Turis (TH = CR + EN + VU) also increased and the present list contains 449 taxa, while TASENKEVICH (2002, 2003) reported 324 and 331 taxa, respectively. With the exception of the (probably) extinct taxa, the results are not comparable due to different methodological approaches used for evaluation. Previous Red Lists (Tasenkevich 2002, 2003) were also based on different input data and therefore the difference in number of evaluated taxa as well as its distribution in IUCN categories can not be considered as fundamentally important. Only the Red List elaborated by using the same methodology will allow for more detailed analysis. References BALOGH L., DANCZA I. & KIRÁLY G. (2004). A magyarországi neofitonok időszerű jegyzéke, és besorolásuk inváziós szempontból. p. 61–92. In: MIHÁLY B. & BOTTA-DUKÁT Z. (eds.), Özönnövények. Biológiai inváziók Magyarországon. Budapest, Természetbúvár Alapítvány, 408 pp. BERNÁTOVÁ D. (2002). Papaver tatricum (A. Nyár.) Ehrend. p. 47–54. In: GOLIAŠOVÁ K. & ŠÍPOŠOVÁ H., Flóra Slovenska V/4, Veda, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava, 836 pp. BERNÁTOVÁ D. & MÁJOVSKÝ J. (2003). New endemic hybridogeneous species of the genus Sorbus in the Western Carpathians. Biologia, Bratislava, 58, 4: 781–790. BERNÁTOVÁ D., KLIMENT J. & UHLÍŘOVÁ J. (2003). K cenológii lipnice osobitej (Poa sejuncta) a lipnice babiohorskej (Poa babiogorensis). Bull. Slov. Bot. Spoločn., Bratislava, 25: 231–237. Wildlife and Natural Habitats (http://conventions.coe. int/Treaty/FR/Treaties/Html/104-1.htm#PTERIDOPHYTA) and 35 taxa are listed in Annex II (Species Requiring designation of Special Areas of Conservation) of the Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ. do?uri=CELEX:32006L0105:EN:NOT). Comparison of the list developed is possible with only two similar lists published by TASENKEVICH (2002, 2003), however, both contain 747 less taxa. Lower number of evaluated species is partly due to absence of 17 taxa present only in the Serbian part of the Carpathians, which was not the subject of study in mentioned lists published in the past. However, different methodological approach is probably the main reason. Compared with the above lists, the number of taxa included in the relevant categories increased in the present one, the same number remained only in the category Endangered (EN). Notable is also almost three times higher number of (probably) extinct taxa in the current list (37 in total) compared to the previous (14 and 13 in total, respectively, cf. TASENKEVICH 2002, 2003). Number of taxa in all threat categories TH BOŞCAIU N., COLDEA G. & HOREANU C. (1994). Lista roşie a plantelor vasculare dispărute, periclitate, vulnerabile şi rare din flora României. Ocrotirea naturii si a mediului inconjurator, 38, 1: 45–56. CANKOV C. (1974). The Bulgarian Carpathian-Balkan region. The Southern Carpathians. p. 303–307. In: MAHEĽ M. (ed.), Tectonics of the Carpathian-Balkan regions. Veda, Bratislava, 455 pp. CHRTEK J. JUN. & MRÁZ P. (2007). Taxonomic revision of Hieracium nigrescens agg. in the Western Carpathians. Preslia, 79: 45–62. CIOCÂRLAN V. (2009). Flora ilustrată a României. 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Achillea lingulata Waldst. & Kit. Ptarmica lingulata (Waldst. & Kit.) DC. Achillea ochroleuca Ehrh. Achillea ochroleuca Ehrh. M CR Achillea oxyloba subsp. schurii Ptarmica tenuifolia (Schur) Schur E NT M Carpathians category Carpathians criteria VU B2ab(iv) VU B1ab(i,iii,iv,v) EN B1ac(iv) SK cat SK crit CR B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) NT B1ab(iii,iv) RE (Sch. Bip.) Heimerl Achillea ptarmica L. Achillea ptarmica L. Achillea setacea Waldst. & Kit. Achillea setacea Waldst. & Kit. Aconitum anthora L. Aconitum anthora L. Aconitum anthora L. NT M NT Aconitum jacquinii Rchb. E CR Aconitum bucovinense Zapał. Aconitum bucovinense Zapał. E NT Aconitum lycoctonum L. subsp. lycoctonum Aconitum lycoctonum L. emend. Koelle subsp. LC C2a(i) LC lycoctonum Aconitum lycoctonum subsp. moldavicum Aconitum moldavicum Hacq. E LC Aconitum variegatum L. subsp. gracile E LC B, E VU H NT A VU B1ab(i,iii,iv) VU E A NT (Hacq.) Jalas Aconitum variegatum subsp. gracile (Rchb.) Gáyer Aconitum variegatum subsp. valesiacum (Rchb.) Gáy. Aconitum lasiocarpum (Rchb.) Gáyer D2 VU D2(ii) (Gáyer) Greuter & Burdet Adenophora liliifolia (L.) A. DC. Adenophora liliifolia (L.) Besser Adenophora liliifolia (L.) Ledeb. ex A. DC. Adonis flammea Jacq. Adonis flammea Jacq. Adonis volgensis DC. Adonis volgensis Steven Aegilops cylindrica Host Aegilops cylindrica Host Aethionema saxatile (L.) W. T. Aiton VU VU D2(i) CR B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv)c(ii,iii,iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) EN B2a(i)b(iii) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) B1ab(iii) Aethionema saxatile (L.) W. T. Aiton subsp. saxatile Aethionema saxatile (L.) R. Br. Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. DD Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. N Agropyron pectinatum (M. Bieb.) P. Beauv. M subsp. pectinatum Agrostemma githago L. Agrostemma githago L. Agrostis alpina Scop. Agrostis alpina Scop. A LC Agrostis rupestris All. Agrostis rupestris All. LC Aira elegantissima Schur Aira elegantissima Schur NT Ajuga laxmannii (Murray) Benth. Ajuga laxmannii (L.) Benth. NT Ajuga pyramidalis L. Ajuga pyramidalis L. VU Alchemilla crinita Buser Alchemilla crinita Buser NT NT Alchemilla filicaulis Buser Alchemilla filicaulis Buser VU Alchemilla glaucescens Wallr. Alchemilla glaucescens Wallr. NT Alchemilla micans Buser Alchemilla micans Buser LC Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. Alchemilla acutiloba Opiz NT Alchemilla monticola Opiz Alchemilla monticola Opiz NT Alchemilla monticola Opiz Alchemilla hungarica Soó EN Alchemilla subcrenata Buser Alchemilla subcrenata Buser LC Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. B, H Alisma gramineum Lej. Alisma gramineum C. C. Gmel. RE B1ab(iii) CR A2e; B1a(i)b(v) B1ab(iii) B2ab(iii) CR A2c VU B1ab(iii) M Alisma gramineum Lej. Allium angulosum L. Allium angulosum L. NT Allium carinatum L. subsp. carinatum Allium carinatum L. subsp. carinatum NT Allium carinatum subsp. pulchellum Allium cirrhosum Vand. VU CR B2a(i)c(ii,iv) VU B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) NT B1ab(i,iv) RE (G. Don) Bonnier & Layens Allium ericetorum Thore Allium ericetorum Thore NT Allium obliquum L. Allium obliquum L. EN Allium paniculatum L. subsp. paniculatum Allium paniculatum L. subsp. paniculatum NT CR B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v); D CR B2a(ii)b(iii,v); D B2ac(i) 52 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 52 27.8.2014 22:36:22 SK pres HU cat HU crit HU PL pres cat PL PL crit pres UA cat UA crit UA RO pres cat VU RO crit EN RS cat RS crit + VU A1b,c,e;B1;B2b,c,d B2a; B2b(vi) + EN RO pres RS pres CZ cat CZ crit + B1a; B1c(iv) A2abcd + + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + VU B2b(ii,iii) + + + CR B2a; C2a(i) + + + + + + + CR + EN A1a + VU B2a + + + VU B2b(iii) + + + + VU B2b(iii) + + + + + RE + CR A4; B2b(i,ii,iii,iv); C2b + VU + VU B2b(iii, iv) E + CR VU + + + VU RE? C2a(i) B2b(ii,iii,iv) B1a; B1c(iii) + + + + + + + + + + + NT + + + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii) + CR RE + + + C2a(i) + + + + + + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + CR B2a; B2b(iii) + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) + + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) + + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + + + + CR EN A2 B2a; B2b(iii) + + + EN B2b(iii, iv) + + + + + + + + CR + B2a; B2c(i) + + 53 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 53 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit B2ab(iii,v); C2a(ii) CR B2a(i)b(iii,v); C2a(ii) CR B1a(ii)b(iii); D EN B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) CR A2acd; B2a(i)(i,ii,iii,iv) CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv)c(iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii,iv)c(iv); D Allium saxatile M. Bieb. Allium moschatum L. Allium strictum Schrad. Allium strictum Schrad. M NT CR Allium ursinum L. Allium ursinum L. LC Allium victorialis L. Allium victorialis L. Althaea cannabina L. Althaea cannabina L. Alyssoides utriculata (L.) Medik. Alyssum utriculatum L. Alyssum montanum L. subsp. montanum Alyssum montanum L. subsp. montanum LC M NT VU B1ab(i) LC Alyssum tortuosum subsp. heterophyllum Nyár. Alyssum tortuosum Waldst. & Kit. EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) subsp. heterophyllum Nyár. Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R. M. Bateman, NT Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Orchis coriophora L. Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.) R. M. Bateman, Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase NT Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Anacamptis morio (L.) R. M. Bateman, LC Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Orchis morio L. Anacamptis morio (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Anacamptis palustris subsp. elegans (Heuff.) VU B1ab(i,iii,iv)c(iii,iv) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Anacamptis palustris subsp. elegans (Heuff.) R. M. Bateman, A. M. Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Orchis elegans Heuff. Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R. M. Bateman, CR B1ab(iii,iv)c(iv) Pridgeon & M. W. Chase subsp. palustris Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R. M. Bateman, A. M. Pridgeon & M. W. Chase subsp. palustris Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Orchis palustris Jacq. Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich. Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich. NT Anagallis minima (L.) E. H. L. Krause Centunculus minimus L. NT VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv)c(iv); C1+C2b CR B1a(i)b(iii)c(iv) Andromeda polifolia L. Andromeda polifolia L. NT EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii) Androsace maxima L. Androsace maxima L. VU CR B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv) Androsace obtusifolia All. Androsace obtusifolia All. LC LC Androsace villosa L. Adrosace villosa L. subsp. arachnoidea NT VU D2(i,ii) EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,iii,iv)c(iv) B1ab(i,iii,iv)c(iii,iv) (Schot, Nyman & Kotschy) Andryala laevitomentosa (Nyár.) Greuter Andryala levitomentosa (Nyár.) P. D. Sell Anemone narcissiflora L. Anemone narcissiflora L. Angelica palustris (Besser) Hoffm. Angelica palustris (Besser) Hofm. Anchusa azurea Mill. Anchusa azurea Mill. Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link. Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link. Antennaria carpatica (Wahlenb.) Antennaria carpatica (Wahlenb.) Bluff & Fingerh. Anthemis cretica subsp. carpatica B, E CR B2ab(ii) LC B, H CR B1ac(iii) A VU B1ab(i,iv) CR B2ab(ii); C2a(ii) E LC E NT Bluff & Fingerh. Anthemis carpatica Waldst. & Kit ex Willd. (Willd.) Grierson Anthericum liliago L. Anthericum liliago L. Apera interrupta (L.) P. Beauv. Apera interrupta (L.) P. Beauv. Aphanes arvensis L. Aphanes arvensis L. NT VU A Aphanes australis Rydb. Aphanes australis Rydb. Aphanes microcarpa (Boiss. & Reut.) Rothm. A, M B1ab(iii) NT EN B1ab(iii,iv)c(iv) CR B1ab(iii,iv) CR D RE 54 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 54 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN C2a(ii) EN B2a; C2a(ii) + + + + VU A2abcd + + B2b(ii, iii); B2c(iii,iv); + + + + EN + + + + + + CR C2b + CR B2a; B2c(iii) + RE + NT C2b EN A2abcd CR B1ab(i,ii,iv,v) + + EN A2a; C2a(i) + VU VU + B2b(iii, iv); B2c(iii) + CR CR B2a; C2a(ii) VU B2b(iii); C1 CR A4 EN B2b(i,iii,iv)+c(ii,iii,iv); + A2abcd A4abcd + + + + + + + + C2b EN C2a(i); D + + + + + VU B2ab(i, ii, iv) CR B2a; C2a(ii) VU CR B2a; B2b(ii) CR B1a; B1c(iii) A2abcd + + + + RE CR C2a(i) CR B2ab(iv,v) + + + + RE + + + + + + CR D 55 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 55 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Aquilegia nigricans Baumg. Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit NT CR B2a(ii)b(iii)c(iv) RE RE DD Aquilegia nigricans Baumg. Aquilegia nigricans Baumg. subsp. nigricans Aquilegia nigricans subsp. subscaposa E (Borbás) Soó Aquilegia transsilvanica Schur Aquilegia transsilvanica Schur Arabidopsis halleri (L.) Cardaminopsis halleri (L) Hayek E NT LC O‘Kane & Al-Shehbaz Arabis alpina L. Arabis alpina L. Arabis nova Vill. Arabis nova Vill. Arabis pauciflora (Grimm) Garcke Arabis pauciflora (Grimm) Garcke Arabis planisiliqua subsp. nemorensis Arabis nemorensis (Hoffm.) W. D. J. Koch N M LC EN A2ac; B2ab(ii,iii,v) EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,v) D2 VU D2(i,ii) EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) CR A2ace; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,v) (Hoffm.) Soják Arabis procurrens Waldst. & Kit. Arabis procurrens Waldst. & Kit. Arctostaphylos alpinus (L.) Spreng. Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng. N NT VU Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Sprengel Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. LC Arenaria grandiflora L. subsp. grandiflora Arenaria grandiflora L. Arenaria procera subsp. glabra Arenaria procera subsp. glabra (Williams) Holub CR M RE B2ab(iii) NT (Williams) Holub Armeria alpina Willd. Armeria alpina Willd. EN B2ab(iii) Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. Armeria barcensis Simk. CR B1ab(iv) Armeria elongata (Hoffm.) K. Koch EN B2ab(iii,iv) subsp. barcensis (Simonk.) P. Silva Armeria maritima subsp. elongata (Hoffm.) Bonnier Armoracia macrocarpa (Willd.) Baumg. Armoracia macrocarpa (Waldst. & Kit.) B, M RE Kit. ex Baumg. Arnica montana L. Arnica montana L. NT Artemisia alba Turra Artemisia alba Turra VU B1ab(iii,v) Artemisia austriaca Jacq. Artemisia austriaca Jacq. A, M VU B2ab(ii,iii,iv) Artemisia pancicii (Janka) Ronniger Artemisia pancicii Ronniger ex H* CR B1ab(iii,v); C2a(i) Asperula arvensis L. Asperula arvensis L. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)c(iv) RE Asperula neilreichii Beck Asperula neilreichii Beck VU B1ab(i,iii,iv,v) EN Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L. LC Asplenium onopteris L. EN C1 VU B1ab(i,iii,iv,v) Danihelka & Marhold A B1a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) NT subsp. adiantum-nigrum Asplenium adiantum-nigrum subsp. onopteris (L.) Heufl. Asplenium adulterinum Milde Asplenium adulterinum Milde Asplenium ceterach subsp. bivalens Asplenium ceterach subsp. bivalens (D. E. Mey.) Greuter & Burdet H NT B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) CR B2a(ii)b(iii); D CR B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) CR D (D. E. Mey.) Greuter & Burdet Asplenium cuneifolium Viv. Asplenium cuneifolium Viv. NT Asplenium lepidum C. Presl subsp. lepidum Asplenium lepidum C. Presl subsp. lepidum EN B1ab(v); D Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Asplenium platyneuron (L.) . CR D Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. CR Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Asplenium septentrionale (L.) Hoffm. Asplenium septentrionale (L.) Hoffm. LC Asplenium viride Huds. Asplenium viride Huds. LC Aster alpinus L. Aster alpinus L. Astragalus australis (L.) Lam. Astragalus krajinae Domin E NT Astragalus austriacus Jacq. Astragalus austriacus Jacq. M NT Astragalus danicus Retz. Astragalus danicus Retz. Astragalus dasyanthus Pall. Astragalus dasyanthus Pall. Astragalus depressus L. Astragalus depressus L. Astragalus exscapus L. Astragalus exscapus L. Astragalus frigidus (L.) A. Gray Astragalus frigidus (L.) A. Gray Astragalus glycyphylloides DC. Astragalus glycyphylloides DC. subsp. serbicus LC M M EN B1a(ii)b(iii) VU B1ab(iii) VU B1a(i)b(iii) EN C1 RE EN B1ab(i) VU A3cd RE? NT M VU B1ab(ii) B, E EN B1ac(i) E EN B1ac(iii) (Reichenb.) Vasić & Niketić Astragalus penduliflorus Lam. Astragalus penduliflorus Lam. Astragalus pseudopurpureus Guşul. Astragalus pseudopurpureus Gusuleac Astragalus roemeri Simonk. Astragalus roemeri Simonkai NT NT 56 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 56 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN D VU A3cd VU A1b,c,d;A2b,c,d; CR B2a(ii)b(iii) + + CR B2a; B2c(iii) CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + CR B2ab(iii, v); C2a(i) + + + VU A3c; D2 + + + + + + + + VU C2a(i) B2b,c,e + + + CR EN B2ab(iii, iv) B1a; B1b(iv) + RE + EN VU A2abcd + B2ab(iii, v); D + + + CR B1a(ii)b(iii,v); C2a(i) + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) EN A2abcd + EN C1 CR C2a(i) + B2a; D1 EN B2b(iii, iv); C2a(i) + + + CR + + + + EN + VU B2a + + + + C2a(i) + + + EN + CR B1ab(iii,iv,v) + A2abcd + + LC + EN C1 VU A3cd CR + VU D C2a(i) + + VU + CR B2a; C2a(i) CR D EN B1a; B1c(i) EN B1a; B1c(iii) B1 57 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 57 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name Astragalus vesicarius L. subsp. vesicarius National name Character Astragalus vesicarius L. subsp. albinus Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit VU D2 VU D2(i) VU B2a(i)c(ii,iv) VU D1+D2(i) (Waldst. & Kit.) Braun-Blanq. Astragalus vesicarius L. subsp. vesicarius Astragalus vesicarius L. subsp. vesicarius VU D2 Athamanta turbith subsp. hungarica Athamanta hungarica Borbás E VU B1ab(i) Atriplex rosea L. Atriplex rosea L. A DD Atropa belladonna L. Atropa belladonna L. LC Aubrieta columnae Guss. Aubrieta columnae Guss. subsp. croatica CR (Borbás) Tutin C2a(i) (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Barbaraea stricta Andrz. Barbaraea stricta Andrz. Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. Barbarea vulgaris W. T. Aiton subsp. lepuznica NT E CR B2ac(iii) CR C1; D (Nyár.) Soó Bassia sedoides (Pall.) Asch. Bassia sedoides (Pall.) Asch. M Bellardiochloa variegata (Lam.) Kerguélen NT Bellardiochloa variegata (Lam.) Kerguélen Bellardiochloa violacea (Bellardi) Chiov. Betula humilis Schrank. Betula humilis Schrank. CR B2ac(iii) Betula kotulae Zaver. Betula obscura А. Kotula EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv) Betula nana L. Betula nana L. CR B1ac(i) Betula oycoviensis Besser Betula ×oycoviensis Besser VU B1ab(iii) Betula pubescens Ehrh. Betula pubescens Ehrh. Bifora radians M. Bieb. Bifora radians M. Bieb. Biscutella laevigata L. Biscutella laevigata L. LC Blechnum spicant (L.) Roth. Blechnum spicant (L.) Roth LC Blysmus compressus (L.) Link Blysmus compressus (L.) Panz. Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F. Schmidt) Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F. Schmidt) T. V. Egorova LC A Bolboschoenus yagara (Ohwi) Y. C. Yang & M. Zhan Y. C. Yang & M. Zhan CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,iii,iv)c(iii,iv) LC M DD EN B2a(ii)b(ii,v)c(iv) A, M VU B2ac(ii,iii,iv) VU B2a(i,ii)c(ii,iii,iv) A CR B2ac(iv); C2b CR B2a(i)c(iv); C2b Bombycilaena erecta (L.) Smoljan. M VU B1ab(i) CR B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv) CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v) CR B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,v); C2a(i,ii); D Botrychium lanceolatum (S. G. Gmel.) Ångstr. Botrychium lanceolatum (S. G. Gmel.) Ångstr. Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. NT T. V. Egorova Bolboschoenus yagara (Ohwi) Bombycilaena erecta (L.) Smoljan. RE RE Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. Botrychium matricariifolium W. D. J. Koch LC B EN B1ab(iii,iv,v) Botrychium matricariifolium (A. Braun ex Döll) W. D. J. Koch Botrychium matricariifolium (Retz.) A. Braun Botrychium matricariifolium A. Br. ex Koch Botrychium ramosum (Roth) Asch. Botrychium multifidum (S. G. Gmel.) Rupr. Botrychium multifidum (S. G. Gmel.) Rupr. B Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. VU B1ab(iii,v) VU B2ac(ii) Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. RE Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. in Schrad. Brassica elongata Ehrh. subsp. elongata Brassica elongata Ehrh. subsp. elongata Bromus pannonicus Kumm. & Sendtn. Bromus pannonicus Kum. & Sentn. M, N RE Bromus secalinus L. subsp. secalinus Bromus secalinus L. subsp. secalinus Bupleurum longifolium L. Bupleurum longifolium L. LC VU A RE B2ab(iii,iv) NT Bupleurum pachnospermum Pančić Bupleurum pachnospermum Panćić VU Bupleurum praealtum L. Bupleurum praealtum L. NT Bupleurum ranunculoides L. Bupleurum ranunculoides L. E NT Bupleurum rotundifolium L. Bupleurum rotundifolium L. A NT Bupleurum tenuissimum L. Bupleurum tenuissimum L. A VU Calamagrostis canescens (Weber) Roth Calamagrostis canescens (Weber) Roth em. Druce NT Calamagrostis purpurea subsp. phragmitoides Calamagrostis phragmitoides Hartm. CR Calla palustris L. NT EN A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) CR B1a(i)b(iii) CR B2a(i)b(i,iii) CR B2a(i)b(i,iii) C1 B1ab(i,iii) C2a(ii) (Hartm.) Tzvelev Calla palustris L. VU A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v)+B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Callianthemum coriandrifolium Rchb. Callianthemum coriandrifolium Rchb. NT Callitriche hamulata Kütz ex W. D. J. Koch Callitriche hamulata W. D. J. Koch EN Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull LC LC B2ac(iii,iv) EN B2a(ii)c(iii,iv) 58 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 58 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit VU D2 + EN B1 + + + + + VU + A2abcd + CR + + CR + + C2a(i) CR C2b CR B2a; B2c(iii) C1; D + EN B2a; C2a(i) EN A2abcd + + RE VU + VU CR B2a; B2c(iii) CR B1a; B1c(i) C2a(ii) B2a; C1; C2a(i) + + + + CR CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv) A2c; B2a(i,ii,iv,v); + EN + + + + + + + A4abc C2a(i); D + CR D1 + + + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + + + + + RE + VU B2a; B2b(iii) + VU B1ab(i,ii,iii) + + + + + + + + + + + RE CR C2a(i) CR A4abc CR CR B2a; B2b(iii); C1 + VU + VU B2b(iii, iv) VU B2b(iii, iv) VU C2a(i) VU C1 + + NT + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) CR C2a(ii) + CR B1ab(i,iii) VU A4bcd + + NT B2a; B2c(ii) + EN B2a; C1a(i) + B1a; B1c(ii) + + + + + + + + + + CR C2a(ii) + + + + + + + EN B1;B2b,c 59 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 59 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell. subsp. alyssum Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell. subsp. alyssum Camelina alyssum subsp. integerrima (Čelak.) Smejkal Camelina alyssum subsp. integerrima Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit A, M RE RE A RE RE (Čelak.) Smejkal Camelina rumelica Velen. subsp. rumelica Camelina rumelica Velen. subsp. rumelica M CR Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz subsp. sativa Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz subsp. sativa A RE B1ab(iii,iv,v)c(iv) RE CR Camelina sativa subsp. zingeri Camelina sativa subsp. zingeri (Mirek) Smejkal N RE? RE? Campanula carpatica Jacq. Campanula carpatica Jacq. E LC Campanula crassipes Heuff. Campanula crassipes Heuff. E VU Campanula kladniana (Schur) Witasek Campanula kladniana (Schur) Witasek E NT Campanula latifolia L. Campanula latifolia L. A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) (Mirek) Smejkal B1ab(i) NT Campanula macrostachya Willd. NT Campanula macrostachya Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. EN B1a(i)b(iii) EN B1a(i)b(i,iii) EN B2a(i)b(iii) VU A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv) VU D2(i,ii) Campanula macrostachya Kit. Campanula rapunculus L. Campanula rapunculus L. NT Cardamine dentata Schult. Cardamine dentata Schult. VU Cardamine enneaphyllos (L.) Crantz Dentaria enneaphyllos L. LC Cardamine glauca DC. Cardamine glauca Spreng. ex DC Cardamine parviflora L. Cardamine parviflora L. Carduus collinus Waldst. & Kit. Carduus collinus Waldst. & Kit. LC Carduus defloratus subsp. summanus Carduus crassifolius Willd. subsp. glaucus LC (Pollini) Arcang. CR M B1ab(iii,iv) C2a(i) NT (Baumg.) Kazmi Carduus hamulosus Ehrh. Carduus hamulosus Ehrh. Carex appropinquata Schumach. Carex appropinquata Schumach. M NT CR B1ab(i) Carex atrofusca Schkuhr Carex atrofusca Schkuhr VU D2 Carex bicolor All. Carex bicolor All. EN B1ab(i,iii,iv,v) Carex bigelowii subsp. dacica (Heuff.) Carex dacica Heuff. NT Carex bigelowii Torr. ex Schwein. subsp. rigida NT T. V. Egorova Carex bigelowii subsp. rigida W. Schultze-Motel W. Schultze-Motel Carex brevicollis DC. Carex brevicollis DC. LC VU D2(i,ii) Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. NT CR B2a(ii)b(iii) Carex canescens L. Carex canescens L. LC LC Carex cespitosa L. Carex cespitosa L. LC Carex davalliana Sm. Carex davalliana Sm. LC Carex depressa subsp. transsilvanica Carex depressa Link subsp. transsylvanica NT (Schur) T. V. Egorova (Schur) T. V. Egorova Carex diandra Schrank Carex diandra Schrank NT VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Carex dioica L. Carex dioica L. subsp. dioica NT VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Carex echinata Murray Carex echinata Murr. LC Carex elongata L. Carex elongata L. NT Carex ericetorum Pollich Carex ericetorum Pollich VU Carex firma Host Carex firma Host LC Carex fritschii Waisb. Carex fritschii Waisb. RE? Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr NT Carex halleriana Asso Carex halleriana Asso NT Carex hartmanii Cajander Carex hartmannii Cajander NT Carex heleonastes L. f. Carex heleonastes L. f. Carex hordeistichos Vill. Carex hordeistichos Vill. Carex hostiana DC. Carex hostiana DC. NT Carex chordorrhiza L. f. Carex chordorrhiza L. f. VU Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. NT CR M B1ab(iii) RE? B2a(ii)b(iii) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv) C2a(ii) NT B1ab(iii) Carex limosa L Carex limosa L. NT Carex loliacea L Carex loliacea L. CR B2ac(iii); C2a(i) Carex magellanica subsp. irrigua Carex magellanica subsp. irrigua EN B1ab(iii) (Wahlenb.) Hiitonen CR CR B2a(i)b(iii) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v) EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v) CR B2a(ii)b(iii); C1+C2a(ii) B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv) (Wahlenb.) Hiitonen Carex melanostachya M. Bieb. ex Willd. Carex melanostachya M. Bieb. ex Willd. NT VU Carex parviflora Host Carex parviflora Host NT VU D2(i,ii) Carex pauciflora Lightf. Carex pauciflora Lightf. NT EN B2a(ii)b(iii); C1+C2a(ii) 60 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 60 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit VU B1a; B2b(iii) RE RE RE + + + EN A4abcd + EN VU + EN B2b(iii)+c(iv) VU A4cd B1a; B1c(i) A4abcd + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + EN + VU B2a; C2a(i) EN A2ac; B2a(iii) + B2a; B2b(iii) + + CR B1a; B1c(iv) CR C2a(i) EN C2b D + + EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + VU B2a EN B2a + EN C2a(i) + + + + + CR C2a(ii) + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + RE + VU VU + A2abcd + + A4abcd B2a; B2b(iv) + + + CR C2b + + + + + + + CR C2a(ii) + + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) + + + + + + + + + CR B2a; B2c(ii); C2a(i) VU A1abc + + VU + B2a; B2b(iii) + + + CR + VU B2a; B2b(iii) EN B2a; B2b(iii) C2a(ii) + + + EN + + EN RE? NT + + + EN + RE VU + + B2a; B2b(iii) RE + CR C2a(i) + + + + + + CR B2a; B2c(iii); C2a(i) + + + CR C2a(i) EN A2a + VU A1abcd + 61 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 61 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Carex pediformis subsp. rhizodes Carpathians category Carpathians criteria VU B1ab(iii) SK cat SK crit VU B2a(ii)b(iii) A2ac; B2a(ii)b(i,ii,iii) (Meinsh.) H. Lindb. Carex pediformis C. A. Mey. subsp. rhizodes (Blytt) A. Linb. fil. Carex rhizina Lindb. Carex pseudocyperus L. Carex pseudocyperus L. NT Carex pulicaris L. Carex pulicaris L. EN A2ac; B2ab(i,ii,iii) EN Carex pyrenaica Wahlenb. Carex pyrenaica Wahlenb. VU B1ab(iii) RE Carex rostrata Stokes Carex rostrata Stokes LC Carex rupestris All. Carex rupestris All. NT Carex strigosa Huds Carex strigosa Huds. NT Carex supina Wahlenb. Carex supina Wahlbg. VU Carex umbrosa Host Carex umbrosa Host NT Carex vaginata Tausch Carex vaginata Tausch CR Carthamus lanatus L. Carthamus lanatus L. NT Catabrosa aquatica (L.) P. Beauv. Catabrosa aquatica (L.) P. Beauv. Caucalis platycarpos L. Caucalis platycarpos subsp. muricata NT VU B2a(i)b(iii) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii) B2ab(iii) B1ab(iii) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) CR A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) EN B1a(i)b(i,iii)c(iv) NT A NT (Čelak.) Holub Centaurea affinis Friv. subsp. affinis Centaurea affinis Friv. CR B2ab(iv) Centaurea chrysolepis Vis. Centaurea chrysolepis Vis. M VU B1ab(ii) Centaurea phrygia subsp. rarauensis Centaurea carpatica (Porcius) Porcius subsp. E CR D E VU D1 (Prodan) Dostál Centaurea phrygia subsp. ratezatensis (Prodan) Dostál rarauenssis (Prodan) Ciocarlan Centaurea pseudophrygia C. A. Mey. subsp. ratezatensis (Prodan) Ciocarlan Centaurea solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis Centaurea solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis Centaurium litorale subsp. compressum Centaurium litorale subsp. compressum (Hayne) Kirschner A, N NT EN CR(PE) A2ac; B1ab(iii) EN A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii) (Hayne) Kirschner Сephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch LC LC NT Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. LC NT Cephalaria pastricensis Dörfl. & Hayek Cephalaria pastricensis Dörfl. & Hayek M Cerastium alpinum L. EN B1ab(iii) NT Cerastium alpinum L. CR(PE) Cerastium alpinum L. s. str. Cerastium anomalum Schrank Dichodon viscidum (M. Bieb.) Holub Cerastium carinthiacum Vest Cerastium latifolium L. M VU Cerastium cerastoides (L.) Britton Dichodon cerastioides (L.) Rchb. NT Cerastium uniflorum Clairv. Cerastium uniflorum Clairv. NT Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Besser NT D2 EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) VU D2(i) VU D2(i) NT Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Roth M, N Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Besser A RE Chaerophyllum hirsutum L. Chaerophyllum hirsutum L. Chaerophyllum nodosum (L.) Crantz Myrrhoides nodosa (L.) Cannon Chamorchis alpina (L.) Rich. Chamorchis alpina (L.) Rich. Chenopodium foliosum Asch. Chenopodium foliosum Asch. A, N NT Chenopodium chenopodioides (L.) Aellen Chenopodium chenopodioides (L.) Aellen M, N EN B VU Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. P. C. Barton Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. P. C. Barton Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbich Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbich Chrysopogon gryllus (L.) Trin. Chrysopogon gryllus (L.) Trin. Cicuta virosa L. LC A, N VU D1+2 NT VU D1+D2(i,ii) NT CR B2a(i,ii)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i,ii); D EN B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v); D2(i) B2ac(ii,iii) NT D2 VU D2(i,ii) LC VU B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Cicuta virosa L. NT EN B2a(iv)b(iii,iv,v) Cimicifuga europaea Schipcz. Cimicifuga europaea Schipcz. NT Circaea alpina L. Circaea alpina L. LC Cirsium acaule Scop. subsp. acaule Cirsium acaule Scop. NT Cirsium eriophorum (L.) Scop. Cirsium eriophorum (L.) Scop. LC Cirsium erisithales (Jacq.) Scop. Cirsium erisithales (Jacq.) Scop. LC Cirsium waldsteinii Rouy Cirsium waldsteinii Rouy Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl Clematis alpina (L.) Mill. Clematis alpina (L.) Mill. Clematis integrifolia L. Clematis integrifolia L. NT M EN M NT A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv) VU A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,v) CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) VU B1a(i)b(iii) LC 62 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 62 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK pres HU cat HU crit HU PL pres cat PL PL crit pres UA cat UA crit UA RO pres cat CR RO crit RO pres RS cat RS crit RS pres CZ cat CZ crit EN B2a(ii)c(ii,iii) C2a(i) + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) + + + + + + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + EN EN C2a(ii); D1 VU B2a; B2b(iii) B2a + EN + D NT + RE + + + + LC + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii) + + VU + B2b(iii, iv) + + + + + CR B2a; B2b(iv) CR D VU D1 VU B1 + + + + EN A1abc + LC + + + VU A2abc + LC + + VU A2abcd + CR B2a; C2a(i) VU B1 EN B1 + CR B2a + + + + + VU VU + EN A4abc + B2a A3c + + + CR A3c; C2a(ii) + + + + + + EN B2a; C2a(i) + + CR C1 + + + CR C2a(i) + + + + + + + + + + + CR A3c; B2ab(ii,iii,iv); CR A3c; B2ab(ii,iii,iv); + + C2a(i); D + C2a(i); D + CR B2ab(i,ii,iv); C2a(ii) + + + + EN + VU A4c; C1 VU B2a C2a(i) + + + + + + + + + + + + + EN A3c + + + 63 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 63 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name Clinopodium thymifolium (Scop.) Kuntze National name Character Micromeria thymifolia (Scop.) Fritsch Cochlearia borzeana (Coman & Nyár.) Pobed. Cochlearia borzeana (Coman & Nyár.) Pobed. Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit EN A4cd; C2a(ii) E EN C2b Cochlearia tatrae Borbás Cochlearia tatrae Borbás E, H* NT NT Coleanthus subtilis (Tratt.) Seidl Coleanthus subtilis (Tratt.) Seidl B, H RE RE Colchicum arenarium Waldst. & Kit. Colchicum arenarium W. & K. B, H RE Colchicum autumnale L. Colchicum autumnale L LC Comarum palustre L. Comarum palustre L. NT Conioselinum tataricum Hoffm. VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v) NT Conioselinum tataricum Hoffm. NT Conioselinum vaginatum (Spreng.) Thell. Conringia austriaca (Jacq.) Sweet Conringia austriaca (Jacq.) Sweet M EN CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii)c(iv); D Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumort. Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumort. A NT A2ac; B1ab(iii)c(iv) CR A2ac; B1a(ii)b(iii,iv)c(iv) Consolida regalis subsp. paniculata (Host) Soó Consolida regalis subsp. paniculata (Host) Soó A DD VU B1b(iii)c(iii,iv) Convolvulus cantabrica L. Convolvulus cantabrica L. M NT EN B2a(ii)b(iii) Corallorhiza trifida Châtel. Corallorhiza trifida Châtel. Corispermum nitidum Kit. ex Schult. Corispermum nitidum Kit. ex Schult. Coronopus squamatus (Forssk.) Asch. Coronopus squamatus (Forssk.) Asch. LC CR(PE) A VU CR(PE) B1ab(i)c(iv) EN B1a(i)b(iii)c(iii) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v) EN A2ae; D subsp. squamatus Cortusa matthioli L. Cortusa matthioli L. subsp. pubens NT (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Jáv. Corydalis capnoides (L.) Pers. Corydalis capnoides (L.) Pers. NT Corynephorus canescens (L.) P. Beauv. Corynephorus canescens (L.) P. B. VU Cotoneaster tomentosus (Aiton) Lindl. Cotoneaster tomentosus (Aiton) Lindl. Crambe tataria Sebeók Crambe tataria Sebeók Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand. B2ab(iii,iv) NT H EN A3cd Crataegus lindmanii Hrabětová VU B1ab(iii) Crepis jacquinii Tausch Crepis jacquinii Tausch LC Crepis mollis (Jacq.) Asch. Crepis mollis (Jacq.) Asch. Crepis nicaeensis Pers. Crepis nicaeensis Balb. Crepis pannonica (Jacq.) K. Koch Crepis pannonica (Jacq.) C. Koch Crepis praemorsa (L.) Walther Crepis praemorsa (L.) Tausch Crepis pulchra L. Crepis pulchra L. Crepis sibirica L. Crepis sibirica L. Crocus vernus (L.) Hill subsp. vernus Crocus banaticus J. Gay Crupina vulgaris Cass. Crupina vulgaris Cass. LC N VU A2ac; B1ab(i,iii) EN A2ac; B2ab(iii,iv) LC A NT VU E B1ab(iii,iv) D2(i,ii) B1a(i)b(i,iii,iv)+B2a(i)b(i,iii,iv) EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) VU B1a(ii)b(i,iv) NT NT Crypsis alopecuroides VU EN VU B1ab(iii) (Piller & Mitterp.) Schrad. Crypsis alopecuroides (Piller & Mitterpac.) Schrad. M Heleochloa alopecuroides (Piller & Mitterp.) Host ex Roem. Cryptogramma crispa (L.) Hook. Cryptogramma crispa (L.) R. Br. ex Hook. Cuscuta epilinum Weihe Cuscuta epilinum Weihe VU B1ab(i,iv) CR A2ac; B1ab(i) A Cuscuta epilinum Weihe ex Boenn. Cuscuta lupuliformis Krock. Cuscuta lupuliformis Krock. Cyanus triumfettii (All.) Á. Löve & D. Löve Centaurea triumfettii All. Cynoglottis barrelieri (All.) Vural & Kit Tan Anchusa barrelieri (All.) Vitman Cypripedium calceolus L. Cypripedium calceolus L. Cystopteris fragilis subsp. alpina (Lam.) Hartm. Cystopteris regia (L.) Desv. RE M NT M VU B, H NT A4ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv) B2ab(ii,iii,iv) RE NT NT Cystopteris montana (Lam.) Desv. Cystopteris montana (Lam.) Bernh. ex Desv. LC Cystopteris sudetica A. Braun & Milde Cystopteris sudetica A. Braun & Milde NT Cytisus austriacus var. rochelii (Wierzb.) Cristof. CR LC DD Cytisus rochelii (Wierzb.) Rothm. Chamaecytisus rochelii (Wierzb.) Rothm. Cytisus podolicus Błocki Chamaecytisus podolicus (Błocki) Klask. VU Dactylorhiza cordigera (Fr.) Soó Dactylorhiza cordigera (Fr.) Soó NT Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. cruenta Dactylorhiza cruenta (O. F. Müll.) Soó D2 LC CR(PE) CR(PE) (O. F. Müll.) P. D. Sell Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. cruenta (O. F. Müll.) P. D. Sell Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. haematodes (Rchb.) Soó EN B1ab(i) CR A2ace; B2a(i)b(iii,v)c(iv); C1 64 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 64 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN A4cd; C2a(ii) EN C2b + VU B2a + RE + + + NT + VU VU A1abcd + + + B2a + CR C2a(i) RE + RE + + + EN B2c(iii, iv); C2b + VU + NT + + + + + + CR B2ab(i,ii,iii) + + + + RE EN + + + + B2a; B2b(iv) + A2abc + EN + + EN B2a + + A3c,d + + + + + EN A2ac; B2ab(ii,iii) EN A2ac; B2ab (iii; iv) + + CR C2a(i,ii) + + CR C2a(i) + + CR B2a; C2a(i) + + + + + + EN A4abcd + + VU RE + B2a; B2b(iii) + + RE? RE RE + + + + + VU VU B2b(ii,iii,iv) EN A1; B2b(ii, iii, iv) + B2a + + VU C2a(i) + CR D + A4abc + + + VU + + VU B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + + VU + VU A4abc B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) EN B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) + VU B2b(ii, iii); C2b + VU D2 VU A2abcd LC + + + + 65 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 65 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) Carpathians category Carpathians criteria SK cat SK crit NT Soó subsp. incarnata Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) Soó subsp. incarnata Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) Soó Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. ochroleuca. (Wüstnei ex Boll) Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) Soó subsp. EN B1ab(iii) VU A2e; B2b(iii,v)c(iv) VU A2e; B2b(iii,v)c(iv) CR A2e; B2ab(iii)c(iv); C1 CR A2e; B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv); C1 CR A2e; B2ab(iii)c(iv) CR A2e; B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) EN A2e; B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) CR A2e; B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv); C1 ochroleuca (Boll) P. F. Hunt & Summerh. P. F. Hunt & Summerh Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. pulchella (Druce) Soó Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. elodes (Griseb.) Soó Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. ericetorum. Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. pulchella (Druce) Soó Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. elodes (Griseb.) Soó Dactylorhiza ericetorum (E. F. Linton) Aver. (E. F. Linton) P. F. Hunt & Summerh Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó NT subsp. maculata Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó subsp. maculata Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. E NT transsilvanica (Schur) Soó Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. transsilvanica (Schur) Soó Dactylorhiza transsilvanica (Schur) Aver. Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) P. F. Hunt & Summerh. P. F. Hunt & Summerh. Dactylorhiza sambucina (L.) Soó LC Dactylorhiza sambucina (L.) Soó LC Dactylorhiza viridis (L.) R. M. Bateman, Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. NT LC Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Daphne arbuscula Čelak. Daphne arbuscula Čelak. Daphne cneorum L. Daphne cneorum L. Daphne laureola L. subsp. laureola Daphne laureola L. Delphinium elatum L. Delphinium elatum L. subsp. nacladense Dianthus barbatus subsp. compactus Dianthus barbatus subsp. compactus B, E, H* VU B1ab(i,iv) NT E VU B1ac(iv) CR B1ab(iii) VU B1a(i)b(i,iv) VU B1a(i)b(i,iii,iv) VU B2a(i)b(iii) EN B2a(i)b(iii,iv) VU B1a(ii)b(iii) (Zapał.) Holub (Kit.) Heuff. Dianthus carthusianorum L. NT (Kit.) Heuff. Dianthus carthusianorum L. subsp. saxigenus E NT (Schur) Jav. Dianthus collinus subsp. glabriusculus (Kit.) Thaisz Dianthus collinus subsp. glabriusculus VU B1ab(i) B2ac(ii) (Kit.) Thaisz Dianthus henteri Griseb. & Schenk Dianthus henteri Heuff. ex Griseb. & Schenk E VU Dianthus nitidus Waldst. & Kit. Dianthus nitidus Waldst. & Kit. B, E, H* NT Dianthus pelviformis Heuff. Dianthus pelviformis Heuffel M VU B1ab(ii) Dianthus petraeus subsp. orbelicus Dianthus petreus Waldst. & Kit. subsp. CR B2ac(iii) (Velen.) Greuter & Burdet orbelicus (Velen.) Greuter & Burdet CR B2ac(ii) Dianthus pinifolius subsp. serbicus Wettst. Dianthus pinifolius Sm. subsp. serbicus Wettst. Dianthus praecox Kit. subsp. praecox Dianthus plumarius L. subsp. praecox Dianthus praecox subsp. pseudopraecox Dianthus praecox subsp. pseudopraecox E NT E VU B1ab(iii) VU B1ab(iii) (Kit. ex Schult.) Domin (Novák) Kmeťová (Novák) Kmeťová Dianthus serotinus Waldst. & Kit. Dianthus serotinus Waldst. & Kit. Dianthus superbus L. subsp. superbus Dianthus superbus L. subsp. superbus Doronicum clusii (All.) Tausch Doronicum stiriacum (Vill.) Dalla Torre B Doronicum hungaricum Rchb. f. CR B2a(ii)b(iii) NT EN B2a(i)b(iii,iv) LC LC NT Doronicum hungaricum Rchb. f. EN B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv); C2a(i) EN B2a(ii)b(iii) Doronicum hungaricum (Sadl.) Rchb. Draba aizoides L. Draba aizoides L. NT Draba aizoides subsp. beckeri (A. Kern.) Draba aizoides subsp. beckeri (A. Kern.) Hörandl & Gutermann Draba dorneri Heuff. EN B2ab(iii) CR B1ac(iii) Hörandl & Gutermann Draba dorneri Heuff. B, E, H 66 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 66 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK pres HU cat HU crit + HU PL pres cat + CR PL PL crit pres UA cat UA crit UA RO pres cat RO crit B2a; RO pres RS cat + NT RS crit RS pres CZ cat CZ crit C2a(i) EN A4abcd RE + + VU A2abcd + LC + + VU B2b(ii, iii); C2b + VU B2b(ii, iii); C2b EN + DD + VU A2abcd + VU A2abcd + VU A2abcd + VU B1 + VU B1;C2a;D2 VU B1 VU B1 VU B2c VU A1a,b,c,e;A2b,c; A2a; C2a(i) + VU B2b(iii, iv); C1 EN A4c; C2a(ii) + VU CR B1a; B1c(iv) B2a; C2a(i) + EN + B2a; + + C2b + + VU B2a; B2c(ii) + RE CR B2a; B2c(iii) CR B2a; B2c(ii) + EN A4cd; B2ab(ii,iii) + + + + + + + + EN + A3bcd + CR B2ab(iv,v) + B2b,c,d + + CR B1ab(iii,iv,v) + + CR B1a; B1c(iii) 67 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 67 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit Draba dubia Suter Draba dubia Suter Draba fladnizensis Wulfen Draba fladnizensis Wulfen VU C2b Draba haynaldii Stur Draba haynaldii Stur E CR B2ac(iii) Draba lasiocarpa subsp. klasterskyi Draba lasiocarpa subsp. klasterskyi E CR B2ab(ii,iii,iv) (Chrtek) Chrtek Draba lasiocarpa Rochel subsp. NT NT VU D1+D2(i,ii) CR B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv) B2b(ii,iii)c(iii,iv) (Chrtek) Chrtek Draba lasiocarpa Rochel subsp. lasiocarpa NT lasiocarpa Draba muralis L. Draba muralis L. M NT VU Draba nemorosa L. Draba nemorosa L. M, N NT LC Draba pacheri Stur Draba pacheri Stur RE RE Draba siliquosa M. Bieb. NT Draba siliquosa Clairv. Draba siliquosa M. Bieb. Draba simonkaiana Jáv. Draba simonkaiana Jáv. E CR Draba tomentosa Clairv. Draba tomentosa Clairv. Dracocephalum austriacum L. Dracocephalum austriacum L. B, H VU B1ab(i,iv,v) Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. B EN A2ac; B1ab(iii) Drosera intermedia Hayne Drosera intermedia Hayne EN B1ab(iii)c(i) Drosera longifolia L. Drosera anglica Huds. VU B1ab(iii,iv,v)c(iii) Drosera rotundifolia L. Drosera rotundifolia L. NT EN B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v); C2a(i) CR B2a(i)b(ii,iv,v) B1ac(iii) NT EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Dryas octopetala L. Dryas octopetala L. LC LC Drymocallis rupestris (L.) Soják Drymocallis rupestris (L.) Soják NT VU B1a(i)b(iii) Drymochloa drymeja Festuca drymeja Mert. & W. D. J. Koch. LC Dryopteris affinis subsp. borreri VU B1ab(i) B1ab(i,iii,iv) EN B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv) B2ab(iii); C2a(i) CR B2a(i)b(iii); C2a(i) VU B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iii,iv) (Mert. & W. D. J. Koch) Holub Dryopteris borreri (Newman) Oberh. & Tavel (Newman) Fraser-Jenk Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray Dryopteris cristata (L.) A. Gray VU Dryopteris villarii Dryopteris villarii (Bellardi) RE (Bellardi) Schinz & Thell. Echinops ritro subsp. ruthenicus (M. Bieb.) Nyman (Bellardi) Schinz & Thell. subsp. villarii Echinops ritro subsp. ruthenicus CR (M. Bieb.) Nyman Edraianthus serbicus Petrovič Edraianthus serbicus (Ker.) Petrović EN B1ab(ii) Elatine alsinastrum L. Elatine alsinastrum L. M VU A4ac; B1ac(iii) Elatine ambigua Wight Elatine triandra Schkuhr var. pedicellata DD Rouy & Fouc. Elatine hexandra (Lapierre) DC. Elatine hexandra (Lapierre) DC. CR C2a(i) Elatine hydropiper L. Elatine hydropiper L. EN B1ab(i)c(iii,iv) Elatine triandra Schkuhr Elatine triandra Schkuhr EN B1ab(i)c(iii,iv) Eleocharis carniolica W. D. J. Koch Eleocharis carniolica W. D. J. Koch B, H NT Eleocharis ovata (Roth) Roem. & Schult. Eleocharis ovata (Roth) Roem. & Schult. VU VU B2a(i)b(iii,v)c(iv) Empetrum nigrum L. subsp. nigrum Empetrum nigrum L. subsp. nigrum NT B2ab(iii,v)c(iv) VU A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Epilobium nutans F. W. Schmidt Epilobium nutans F. W. Schmidt NT VU B2a(i,ii)b(i,iv); D2(i) Epilobium palustre L. Epilobium palustre L. LC Epipactis albensis Nováková & Rydlo Epipactis albensis Nováková & Rydlo VU Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser LC Epipactis exilis P. Delforge Epipactis exilis P. Delforge CR B2ab(iii,iv); C2b Epipactis greuteri Epipactis greuteri H. Baumann & Künkele EN D EN D Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz LC Epipactis voethii Robatsch NT CR B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) Epipactis leutei Robatsch EN B2ab(iii)c(iv) EN B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) Epipactis futakii Mereďa & Potůček EN B1ab(iv) EN D B2ac(iii,iv) H. Baumann & Künkele Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz subsp. helleborine Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz subsp. helleborine Epipactis helleborine subsp. leutei (Robatsch) Kreutz Epipactis leptochila subsp. futakii (Mereďa & Potucek) Kreutz 68 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 68 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit + EN B2a; + C2a(i) CR C2b CR B2a; B2c(iii) VU A4c; C1 + + + EN B2a; + + + + + + C2a(i) CR B2a; C2a(i) + CR B1a; B1c(iii) + EN B2a; C2a(i) CR A2ac CR C2a(i) CR B1a; B1c(i) CR A2ac; B2ab(iii); C2a(ii) + + EN A3cd + + + + + + EN A4abcd + VU A4abcd CR B1a; B1c(iii) + + + + + EN D1 CR C1; D1 + + + + + + + + RE EN VU A4acd; B2a,c + + + + VU C2b EN B2a; CR C2a(i) CR C2a(i) CR C2a(i) CR C2a(i) B1 + + C2a(i) + + + + EN C2a(i) + VU B2b(iii, iv) + EN B2c(iii, iv); C2b + + + + + + + + + + + + EN A2abcd + VU A3abcd + CR B2a, B2b(iii, iv), C2b + + EN + + + + LC C2a(i) 69 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 69 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Epipactis leptochila (Godfery) Godfery Carpathians category Carpathians criteria SK cat SK crit VU B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) VU B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) NT Epipactis leptochila (Godfery) Godfery Epipactis leptochila (Godfery) Godfery subsp. leptochilla Epipactis leptochila subsp. neglecta Epipactis neglecta (Kümpel) Kümpel NT Kümpel Epipactis microphylla (Ehrh.) Sw. Epipactis microphylla (Ehrh.) Sw. NT Epipactis nordeniorum Robatsch Epipcatis nordeniorum Robatsch VU Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz LC Epipactis placentina Epipactis placentina Bongiorni & Grünager EN LC C2a(i)+2b NT B1ab(iii)c(iv) EN B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) Bongiorni & P. Grünanger Epipactis purpurata Sm. Epipactis purpurata Sm. NT NT Epipactis purpurata Sm. Epipactis pseudopurpurata Mereďa NT VU Epipactis tallosii Epipactis tallosii A. Molnár & Robatsch NT B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) A. Molnár & Robatsch Epipogium aphyllum Sw. Epipogium aphyllum Sw. NT Equisetum hyemale L. Equisetum hyemale L. NT Equisetum sylvaticum L. Equisetum sylvaticum L. LC Equisetum variegatum Equisetum variegatum Schleich. NT NT F. Weber & D. Mohr Erigeron alpinus L. NT Erigeron alpinus L. Erigeron alpinus L. subsp. intermedius (Schleich.) Pawł. Erigeron atticus Vill. Erigeron atticus Vill. NT Eriophorum angustifolium Honck. Eriophorum angustifolium Honck. LC Eriophorum gracile Roth DD NT Eriophorum gracile W. D. J. Koch Eriophorum gracile W. D. J. Koch ex Roth CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) CR B1a(i)b(iii)c(iv) VU B2b(i,iii,iv) Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe Eriophorum vaginatum L. Eriophorum vaginatum L. Erodium ciconium (L.) L’Hér. Erodium ciconium (L.) L’Hér. M EN Eryngium planum L. Eryngium planum L. M NT Erysimum crepidifolium Rchb. Erysimum crepidifolium Rchb. NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) Erysimum marschallianum M. Bieb. Erysimum marschallianum Andr. ex Bieb. NT VU A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v); Erysimum pallidiflorum Jáv. LC LC E VU B1ab(i)c(iii,iv) A2ac; B1ab(i,iii,iv,v) Erysimum pallidiflorum Szépl. ex Jáv. C2a(i) Erysimum wittmannii Zaw. subsp. pallidiflorum (Jáv.) Jáv. Erysimum pieninicum (Zapał.) Pawł. Erysimum pieninicum (Zapał.) Pawł. Erythronium dens-canis L. Erythronium dens-canis L. LC VU D2(i,ii) Euphorbia angulata Jacq. Euphorbia angulata Jacq. NT VU B2a(i,ii)b(iii) Euphorbia carpatica Wol. Euphorbia carpatica Wol. E Euphorbia lucida Waldst. & Kit. Euphorbia lucida Waldst. & Kit. M CR B1a(i)b(iii) Euphorbia myrsinites L. Euphorbia myrsinites L. subsp. myrsinites VU B1ab(i) Euphorbia nicaeensis All. Euphorbia glareosa subsp. pannonica EN B1ab(i) CR B1a(ii)b(iii) CR B1ab(iii) CR B1a(i)b(iii) NT EN B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v); RE RE subsp. nicaeensis Euphorbia seguieriana Neck. B, E, H* VU B2ab(ii); C2a(i) NT NT (Host.) Kuzmanov Euphorbia sequieriana subsp. minor (Sadler) Domin Euphorbia sojakii (Chrtek & Křísa) Dubovik Euphorbia austriaca subsp. sojakii E Chrtek & Křísa C2a(i) Euphorbia verrucosa L. Euphorbia verrucosa L. Euphrasia exaristata Smejkal Euphrasia exaristata Smejkal VU B1ab(iii,v) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,v) Euphrasia micrantha Rchb. Euphrasia micrantha Rchb. EN B2ab(iii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii) Euphrasia pectinata Ten. Euphrasia stricta subsp. pectinata CR B2ab(iii) CR B2a(i)b(iii) EN A2ac; B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) EN E (Ten.) P. Fourn. Euphrasia slovaca subsp. pseudomontana (Klášt.) Dostál Euphrasia stipitata Smejkal Euphrasia slovaca subsp. pseudomontana (Klášt.) Dostál Euphrasia stipitata Smejkal A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v) E EN B2ab(iii,v) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,v) 70 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 70 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK pres HU cat HU crit VU C2b HU PL pres cat PL PL crit pres UA cat UA crit UA RO pres cat RO crit RO pres RS cat RS crit EN B1 RS pres CZ cat CZ crit + + + + + VU C2a(i), C2b VU A1; B2b(ii, iii, iv) CR B2a, C2a(ii) + + VU EN B2a DD + + VU A2abc + + + VU A1abc + + + CR A2abc B2a; B2b(iv) + CR B2a, B2c(iv) + VU B2a; B2b(iii) VU B2a + VU B2a; B2b(iii) + + + + EN D1 + + + + + + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + CR + + + B2a; C2a(i) + + CR VU B2a, B2c(iv) RE D + + + + + + + + VU B2a, B2c(iv) + + + + EN B2a; C2a(ii) + + + + + VU + + B2ab(iii) + + RE? RE? EN B2ab(i,ii,iii) + VU B2a; C2a(i) EN B2a; B2b(iii) VU + + A1abcd + + + + + + + CR B1a; B1c(iii) + + EN B2a; B2c(ii) + + + CR B2a 71 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 71 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit VU B1ab(i) Ferula heuffelii Heuff. Ferula heuffelii Griseb. ex Heuffel Ferula sadleriana Ledeb. Ferula sadleriana Ledeb. Festuca alpina Suter subsp. alpina Festuca alpina Suter subsp. alpina Festuca amethystina L. Festuca amethystina L. NT Festuca filiformis Pourr. Festuca tenuifolia Sibth. VU Festuca heterophylla Lam. Festuca heterophylla Lam. LC Festuca porcii Hack. Festuca porcii Hack. E NT Festuca stricta subsp. saxatilis (Schur) Festuca saxatilis Schur E VU B1ab(i,iii,iv,v) B2ab(ii) B, H* VU B1ab(iii) CR B2a(i)b(iii); C2a(i); D EN B2ab(iii,v); C2a(i) EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii,v); C2a(i) CR B2a(ii)b(i,ii,iii,v); C2a(ii); D CR A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) B1ab(i) Foggi & Signorini Festuca vojtkoi Penkzsa Festuca vojtkoi Penksza VU Filago germanica (L.) Huds. Filago vulgaris Lam. NT Fraxinus ornus L. Fraxinus ornus L. Fritillaria meleagris L. Fritillaria meleagris L. NT EN A2ac Gagea bohemica (Zauschn.) Gagea bohemica (Zauschn.) NT EN B2a(i)b(iii) VU B2a(i)b(iv,v) EN B2a(i)b(iii) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Schult. & Schult. f. N LC Schult. & Schult. f. subsp. bohemica Gagea minima (L.) Ker Gawl. LC Gagea minima (L.) Ker Gawl. Ornithogalum pannonicum Chaix Gagea pusilla (F. W. Schmidt) Sweet Gagea pusilla (F. W. Schmidt) LC Schult. & Schult. f. Gagea spathacea (Hayne) Salisb. Gagea spathacea (Hayne) Salisb. NT Galatella cana (Waldst. & Kit.) Nees Aster sedifolius L. subsp. canus VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) EN B2ab(iii) (Waldst. & Kit.) Merxm. Galatella villosa (L.) Rchb. f. Aster oleifolius (Lam.) Wagenitz Galium abaujense Borbás Galium abaujense Borbás E NT Galium baillonii D. Brândzǎ Galium bailloni Brandza E EN Galium boreale subsp. exoletum Galium boreale subsp. exoletum EN B2ab(iii) (Klokov) Soják C2a(i) (Klokov) Soják Galium divaricatum Lam. VU B1ab(i,iii,iv) B1ac(i) Galium divaricatum Lam. Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. M RE Galium lucidum All. Galium lucidum All. VU Galium pumilum Murray Galium pumilum Murray NT Galium tenuissimum M. Bieb. Galium tenuissimum M. Bieb. Galium tricornutum Dandy Galium tricornutum Dandy Galium valdepilosum Heinr. Braun Galium valdepilosum Heinr. Braun A NT CR B2a(ii)b(iii)c(iv) NT CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iii,iv) EN B2ab(iii) subsp. valdepilosum Genista tinctoria L. Genista oligosperma (Andrae) Simonk. Genista tinctoria L. Genista ovata subsp. mayeri (Janka) Nyman E RE Genista sagittalis L. Genistella sagittalis (L.) Gams NT Genista subcapitata Pančić Genista subcapitata Pančić Gentiana acaulis L. Gentiana lutea L. Gentiana lutea L. NT Gentiana nivalis L. Gentiana nivalis L. NT NT Gentiana pneumonanthe L. Gentiana pneumonanthe L. NT VU Gentiana punctata L. Gentiana punctata L. LC NT Gentiana pyrenaica L. Gentiana laciniata Kit. ex Kanitz VU Gentianella amarella subsp. lingulata Gentianella amarella subsp. lingulata NT Gentianella amarella subsp. lingulata (C. Agardh) Holub Gentianella austriaca (A. Kern. & Jos. Kern.) Holub VU RE Gentiana acaulis L. (C. Agardh) Holub M NT B1ab(ii); D2 NT B2a(i)b(i,iii,iv,v) A2abcd EN A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) EN B2a(i)b(iii)c(ii,iii,iv) EN B1a(i)b(iii) (C. Agardh) Holub Gentianella amarella (L.) Börner EN B2b(iii)c(ii,iii,iv) VU B2b(iii)c(ii,iii,iv) subsp. livonica (Ledeb.) Dostál Gentianella austriaca (A. Kern. & J. Kern.) Holub Gentianella tenella (Rottb.) Börner Gentianella tenella (Rottb.) Börner NT Geranium bohemicum L. Geranium bohemicum L. VU Geranium rotundifolium L. Geranium rotundifolium L. Geranium subcaulescens DC. Geranium cinereum Cav. subsp. subcaulescens Geranium sylvaticum L. Geranium sylvaticum L. N B1ab(iii) NT CR B2ab(iv); D (L ‚Her. ex DC.) Hayek LC 72 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 72 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit VU B1 EN B2a(ii)b(iii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii) EN B2a; B2c(iii); D + EN B2ab(ii,iii) EN B2a; B2b(iii); D1 + + + + + + + + + EN C2a(i) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + EN + A2abcd CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) VU + + B2a; D2 + + + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) VU B2a; B2b(iii) + + CR B2ab(i,ii,iii) + VU + A2abcd + + + + NT RE + + VU B2a; B2b(iii) VU B2b(i,ii,iii,iv) EN B2ab(iii) + + + + + + EN C2a(i) RE + VU CR B2a + + VU + + B2b(iii) B1a; B1c(i) + + + + + + + + CR B2ab(ii,iii) + + CR A2abcd + VU A2abcd + EN A2abcd + CR C1 VU + + + + + + + + VU A4abcd VU A2abcd + + + EN B2b(iii)+c(ii,iii,iv) VU B2b(iii)+c(ii,iii,iv) + + + VU B1;D2 NT + B2a + + + + CR B2a; B2b(iv); D + CR B2ab(i,ii,v); + + + C1a(i,ii); D 73 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 73 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit Geum aleppicum Jacq. Geum aleppicum Jacq. NT Geum rivale L. Geum rivale L. LC Gladiolus imbricatus L. Gladiolus imbricatus L. Gladiolus palustris Gaudin Gladiolus palustris Gaudin Glaucium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph Glaucium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph LC H EN A, M NT B1ab(iii) CR A4ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv)c(iii,iv) Glaux maritima L. Glaux maritima L. EN Globularia bisnagarica L. Globularia bisnagarica L. LC Glyceria declinata Bréb. Glyceria declinata Bréb. VU Glyceria nemoralis Glyceria nemoralis NT (R. Uechtr.) R. Uechtr. & Körn. Gnaphalium hoppeanum W. D. J. Koch NT Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br. Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br. LC Gratiola officinalis L. Gratiola officinalis L. M NT Gymnadenia carpatica (Zapal.) Nigritella carpatica (Zapał.) E CR B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) EN B2a(ii)b(ii,iv,v) VU B1a(i)b(iii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii) B2ab(iii) C2b Teppner, Klein & Zagulski Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. LC Gymnadenia frivaldii Hampe ex Griseb. Pseudchorchis frivaldii (Hampe ex Griseb.) CR Gymnadenia odoratissima (L.) Rich. Gymnadenia odoratissima (L.) Rіch. LC Gypsophila fastigiata subsp. arenaria Gypsophila fastigiata subsp. arenaria EN (Waldst. & Kit.) Domin EN (Uechtr.) Uechtr. & Koern. Gnaphalium hoppeanum W. D. J. Koch Teppner & E. Klein B2ab(iii,iv,v) C2a(i) B2ab(iii) (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Domin Gypsophila paniculata L. Gypsophila paniculata L. Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb.) Opiz Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb.) Opiz M VU LC B2ab(iii,iv,v) Hammarbia paludosa (L.) Kuntze Hammarbia paludosa (L.) Kuntze EN C2a(i) Hedysarum hedysaroides (L.) Hedysarum hedysaroides (L.) Schinz & Thell. LC Helianthemum alpestre (Jacq.) Dunal subsp. LC EN B2a(ii)b(iii) VU B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) VU D1+D2(i,ii) EN B1a(i)b(iii)c(iv) CR B2a(ii)c(iv) CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv); Schinz & Thell. Helianthemum alpestre subsp. rupifragum (A. Kern.) Jáv. Helictochloa compressa (Heuff.) rupifragum (A. Kern.) Jáv. Helictotrichon compressum (Heuff.) Henrard VU Avenula planiculmis (Schrad.) NT B2ab(iii) Romero Zarco Helictochloa planiculmis (Schrad.) Romero Zarco Helictochloa pratensis subsp. hirtifolia (Podp.) Romero Zarco Helictotrichon desertorum subsp. basalticum (Podp.) Holub W. Sauer & Chmelitschek var. planiculmis Avenula pratensis subsp. hirtifolia VU D1+2 EN B2ab(iii) (Podp.) Holub Helictotrichon desertorum subsp. basalticum (Podp.) Holub Heliotropium europaeum L. Heliotropium europaeum L. Helleborus purpurascens Waldst. & Kit. Helleborus purpurascens Waldst. & Kit. A LC Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub Helosciadium nodiflorum (L.) Apium nodiflorum (L.) Lag. RE Apium repens (Jacq.) Lag. RE? Hepatica nobilis Schreb. Hepatica nobilis Schreb. LC Heracleum carpaticum Porcius Heracleum carpaticum Porcius Herminium monorchis (L.) R. Br Herminium monorchis (L.) R. Br. Herniaria hirsuta L. Herniaria hirsuta L. Herniaria incana Lam. Herniaria incana Lam. Hesperis matronalis subsp. candida Hesperis matronalis L. subsp. vrabelyiana LC N VU B1ab(v)c(iv) W. D. J. Koch Helosciadium repens (Jacq.) W. D. J. Koch E CR B1ac(iii) NT C2a(i)+C2b (Schulzer, Kanitz & Knapp) Thell. A VU B1ab(i) NT EN B2a(i)b(iii) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) E EN B2ab(i,ii,v) E VU B2ab(iii,iv,v) VU B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) VU D2 VU D2(i,ii) (Schur) Soó Hesperis slovaca (F. Dvořák) F. Dvořák Hesperis slovaca (F. Dvořák) F. Dvořák Hieracium austrotatricum Szeląg Hieracium austrotatricum Szeląg Hieracium bifidum Hornem. Hieracium bifidum Hornem. Hieracium bupleuroides C. C. Gmel. Hieracium bupleuroides C. C. Gmel. Hieracium jurassicum Griseb. Hieracium jurassicum Griseb. Hieracium krizsnae Lengyel & Zahn Hieracium krizsnae Lengyel & Zahn M RE? M RE? subsp. stolanum Zahn LC subsp. papyraceum (Zahn) NN EX? EX? 74 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 74 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit + EN B2b(iii) + CR B2ab(iii); C2a(ii) + + EN B2a; B2b(iii) + CR A4; D1 EN B2a(ii)b(iii) + + VU + A1abcd + + + + + CR B2a; B2c(vi) + VU B2a; B2bb(iii) + + VU B2b(iii, iv) + VU + + + VU A2abc + + + + + + + CR C2b VU A3bcd + + CR EN B2b(iv); C2a(i) + + + EN B2ab(i,iii,iv) + + VU VU CR CR C2a(i) A4abcd + B2a + B2a; B2b(iii) + + VU D2; C + + + + LC C2a(i) CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + + Ca(i) + + + DD + + VU A1a; B2a + + + + RE RE? + EN A4c; B2ab (iii,iv); + + + + C2a(ii) + EN B2ab(iii,iv,v) CR B1a; B1c(iii) + RE + EN B2a; B2b(iii) EN B2ab(i, ii, v) + + + RE? + EN C2a(i, ii) + + RE? 75 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 75 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name Hieracium mlinicae (Hruby & Zahn) Chrtek f. & Mráz National name Character Hieracium mlinicae (Hruby & Zahn) E Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit VU D2 VU D2(i,ii) D1+2 VU D1+D2(i,ii) Chrtek f. & Mráz Hieracium piliferum Hoppe Hieracium piliferum Hoppe VU Hieracium piliferum subsp. glanduliferum Hieracium glanduliferum Hoppe RE? Hieracium barbatum Tausch EN B2ab(ii); C2a(i) RE? (Hoppe) Zahn Hieracium racemosum subsp. barbatum (Froel.) Zahn Hieracium slovacum Chrtek f. Hieracium slovacum Chrtek jun. VU D2 VU D2(i,ii) Hieracium sparsum subsp. silesiacum Hieracium silesiacum E. Krause E VU D2 VU D2(i) Hieracium vierhapperi (Zahn) Szeląg VU D2 VU D2(i,ii) Hierochloë australis (Schrad.) EN B2ab(iii) H EN B2ab(iii)c(iii,iv) EN B2a(i)b(iii)c(iii,iv) B, H VU B1ab(iii)c(iii,iv) CR B2a(i)b(iii)c(iii,iv) D (E. Krause) Zahn Hieracium sparsum subsp. vierhapperi Zahn Hierochloë australis (Schrad.) Roem. & Schult. Roem. & Schult. Himantoglossum adriaticum H. Baumann Himantoglossum adriaticum H. Baumann Himantoglossum caprinum Himantoglossum caprinum (M. Bieb.) Spreng. (M. Bieb.) Spreng. Hippocrepis comosa L. Hippocrepis comosa L. LC Hippocrepis emerus subsp. emeroides Coronilla emerus L. subsp. emeroides VU B2ac(iii) VU B1ab(iii) EN CR B1ab(i,iii) RE (Boiss. & Spruner) Lassen Hippocrepis emerus (L.) Lassen (Boiss. Spruner) Hayek Hippocrepis emerus (L.) Lassen subsp. emerus subsp. emerus Hippuris vulgaris L. Hippuris vulgaris L. Hornungia petraea (L.) Rchb. Hornungia petraea (L.) Rchb. NT Hottonia palustris L. Hottonia palustris L. NT Huperzia selago (L.) Schrank & Mart. Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. LC Hydrocotyle vulgaris L. Hydrocotyle vulgaris L. EN Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. VU Hypericum elegans Willd. Hypericum elegans Stephan ex Willd. VU B1ab(i,ii,v) Hypericum rochelii Griseb. & Schenk Hypericum rochelii Griseb. & Schenk EN B2ac(iii) Hypericum umbellatum A. Kern. Hypericum umbellatum A. Kern. CR B2ac(iii) Hypochaeris glabra L. Hypochaeris glabra L. Iris aphylla subsp. hungarica Iris aphylla subsp. hungarica (Waldst. & Kit.) Hegi (Waldst. & Kit.) Hegi Iris graminea L. Iris graminea L. Iris graminea L. Iris pseudocyperus Schur Iris humilis Georgi M EN B2a(i,ii)b(iv)c(ii,iii,iv) B2ab(iii) EN B2a(i)b(iii) B1ab(i) CR(PE) NT RE H NT VU B2a(i)b(ii,iii)c(iv) M NT H EN VU A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v) CR B1a(ii)b(iii) NT D Iris humilis Georgi Iris arenaria W. & K. Iris pumila L. Iris pumila L. subsp. pumila LC Iris reichenbachii Heuff. Iris reichenbachii Heuff. VU Iris sibirica L. Iris sibirica L. NT Iris spuria L. subsp. spuria Iris spuria L. subsp. spuria Iris variegata L. Iris variegata L. LC VU B2a(ii)b(iii) Isatis praecox Tratt. Isatis praecox Kit. ex Tratt. NT VU B1a(i)b(iii); C2a(i); D2(i) Isatis tinctoria L. Isatis tinctoria L. NT Isolepis setacea (L.) R. Br. Isolepis setacea (L.) R. Br. VU VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Jacobaea abrotanifolia subsp. carpathica Senecio carpathicus Herbich LC EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(i,ii); D VU B1a(i)b(iii) M VU B1ab(i) B1ab(iii) A2ac; B2ab(iii,iv,v) (Herbich) B. Nord. & Greuter Jacobaea aquatica (Hill) G. Gaertn. & al. Senecio aquaticus Hill EN Jacobaea erucifolia subsp. tenuifolia NT (J. Presl & K. Presl) B. Nord. & Greuter Jacobaea paludosa (L.) G. Gaertn. & al. subsp. paludosa Jasione montana L. Jacobaea erucifolia subsp. tenuifolia B1ac(iv) (J. Presl & K. Presl) B. Nord. & Greuter Jacobaea paludosa (L.) P. Gaertn., EN B2ab(i,ii) B. Mey. & Scherb. subsp. paludosa Jasione montana L. NT Jovibarba globifera subsp. hirta (L.) J. Parn. Jovibarba hirta (L.) Opiz LC Juncus acutiflorus Ehrh. ex Hoffm. Juncus acutiflorus Ehrh. ex Hoffm. VU B1ab(iii) CR B2a(i)b(iii) Juncus castaneus Sm. Juncus castaneus Sm. EN A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv,v) CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Juncus gerardii Loisel. subsp. gerardii Juncus gerardii Loisel. subsp. gerardii EN B2a(ii)b(iii) M NT 76 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 76 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN B2a(ii)b(iii) + CR EN D B2a; C2a(i) CR B2a; D + RE EN B2b(iii); C2a(i) + + + VU D1 VU B2a; B2c(iii) + RE + + RE EN B1a; B1c(iii) VU A4ac + + EN C1; C2b + EN B2ab(i, ii, v) + + VU + A4abcd + + + + EN B2a; B2c(iii) DD CR B2a; B2c(iii) + VU B1; C1 + + RE + + + + + + + EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) EN CR D D1 + + + CR B2a; B2c(ii) + EN + VU A3abcd + + + A3c + + + + EN + + + + VU B2c; E + B2a; B2b(iii) + + EN + EN B2ab(ii,iii) + B1ac(iv) EN B2a; B2c(iv); D + + + + + + + + + + EN A4abcd + + + + + + + + 77 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 77 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit Juncus jacquinii L. Juncus atratus Krock. NT Juncus minutulus (Albert & Jahand.) Juncus minutulus Krecz. & Gontsch. DD Juncus sphaerocarpus Nees NT Prain Juncus sphaerocarpus Nees CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v)v(iv) Juncus squarrosus L. Juncus squarrosus L. VU A2ac; B2ab(iii,iv) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv) Juncus subnodulosus Schrank Juncus subnodulosus Schrank EN B1ab(i) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) Juncus thomasii Ten. Juncus thomasii Ten. NT Juncus triglumis L. Juncus triglumis L. NT VU D2(i) Juniperus sabina L. Juniperus sabina L. NT EN B2a(ii)b(iii,v) Klasea lycopifolia (Vill.) Serratula lycopifolia (Vill.) A. Kern. CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii)c(iv); H* RE EN A2ac; B2ab(iii)c(iv) Serratula radiata (Waldst. & Kit.) M. Bieb. EN B2ab(ii,iii) Knautia dipsacifolia Kreutzer Knautia dipsacifolia Kreutzer NT Kobresia myosuroides (Vill.) Fiori Elyna myosuroides (Vill.) Fritsch Á. Löve & D. Löve Klasea radiata (Waldst. & Kit.) C2a(i); D Á. Löve & D. Löve NT Kobresia simpliciuscula (Wahlenb.) Mack. Kobresia simpliciuscula (Wahlenb.) Mack. VU Laburnum alpinum (Mill.) RE? Bercht. & J. Presl Laburnum alpinum (Mill.) B1ac(i) VU D2(i,ii) VU D2(i) VU A2ac; B2a(ii)b(i,iii,iv) CR B2a(ii)b(i,ii,iii) Berchtold & J. Presl Laburnum anagyroides Medik. Laburnum anagyroides Medik. Lactuca saligna L. Lactuca saligna L. Laphangium luteoalbum (L.) Tzvelev Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum (L.) M, N A NT LC VU B1ab(i,iii) Hilliard & B. L. Burtt Lappula heteracantha subsp. heterocarpa (Klokov & Artemczuk) Holub Larix decidua var. polonica (Wóycicki) Lappula heteracantha subsp. heterocarpa M NT EN (Klokov & Artemczuk) Holub A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) Larix polonica Racib. NT Ostenf. & Syrach Laserpitium archangelica Wulfen Laserpitium archangelica Wulfen NT Laserpitium prutenicum L. Laserpitium pruthenicum L. NT Lathyrus aphaca L. Lathyrus aphaca L. M, N Lathyrus laevigatus (Waldst. & Kit.) Gren. NT CR(PE) NT Lathyrus laevigatus (Waldst. & Kit.) Fritsch Lathyrus laevigatus (Waldst. & Kit.) Gren. VU B2a(i)b(iii) NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) NT VU B1a(i)b(iii) Lathyrus pallescens (M. Bieb.) K. Koch Lathyrus pallescens (M. Bieb.) K. Koch EN Lathyrus palustris L. Lathyrus palustris L. Lathyrus pannonicus subsp. collinus Lathyrus lacteus (M. Bieb.) Wissjul. B1ab(i) (J. Ortmann) Soó Lathyrus pannonicus (Jacq.) Garcke Lathyrus pannonicus (Jacq.) Garcke Lathyrus pisiformis L. Lathyrus pisiformis L. Lathyrus sphaericus Retz. Lathyrus sphaericus Retz. Lathyrus transsilvanicus (Spreng.) Fritsch M EN B1ab(i) CR B2a(i)b(iii,iv) EN B1ab(i,iii) CR B2a(i)c(iv); C2a(i); D M VU B2ab(i,iii,iv) RE E NT Lathyrus transsilvanicus (Spreng.) Fritsch VU A2ac; B2a(ii)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i) Lathyrus transsilvanicus (Spreng.) Rchb. Lathyrus venetus (Mill.) Wohlf. Lathyrus venetus (Mill.) Wohlf. Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Chaix Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Chaix Leontopodium alpinum Cass. Leontopodium alpinum Cass. Leucanthemella serotina (L.) Tzvelev Leucanthemella serotina (L.) Tzvelev M VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) Leucojum aestivum L. Leucojum aestivum L. M VU B1ab(iv) Leucojum vernum L. Leucojum vernum L. Ligularia carpathica (Schott) Pojark. Ligularia carpathica (Schott) Pojark. Ligularia sibirica (L.) Cass. Ligularia sibirica (L.) Cass. Lilium bulbiferum L. Lilium bulbiferum L. Lilium jankae A. Kern. LC A, N CR VU B1ab(i) D1+D2(i,ii) RE NT CR B2a(iv)b(ii) NT EN B2a(ii)b(ii,iii)c(iv) NT VU B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v) NT B, H NT B VU C2a(i) Lilium carniolicum Bernh. subsp. jankae (A. Kerner) Ascherson & Graebner Lilium jankae A. Kern. 78 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 78 27.8.2014 22:36:23 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + CR B1a; B1c(ii); C2a(i) EN B2a; B2c(iv) + + + + CR A2ac; C2a(ii) EN B2ab(ii,iii) CR A2ac; B2ab (v); + + + CR B2a + + EN B2a + + + + + EN B2b,c,d; E EN A1c; B1;B2c; C2a(i); D + CR B2a; B2c(ii) RE? + + C2a + + + + + + + + + + CR B1ac(i,ii,iii,iv) + EN B2a; D VU B2b(i,iii,iv) + + + + + + + CR EN A4bc + + A3c; C2a(ii) + + + + + + + + EN B2ab(i,ii,iii) VU B2b(i,iii,iv) EN A2ac; B2ab (iii,v); + C2a(ii) CR A2abc + + + + VU B2ab(i, ii, iii, iv) VU B2a; B2b(iv) + + CR A4abcd EN A1abcd + VU A4abcd + + CR B2a; D + CR B2a; B2b(iii) CR B2a; + + EN B1 ab; B2ab + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + + C2a(i) VU C2a(i) DD 79 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 79 27.8.2014 22:36:23 EuroMed name National name Lilium martagon L. Lilium martagon L. LC Linaria alpina (L.) Mill. Linaria alpina (L.) Mill. VU Linaria angustissima (Loisel.) Borbás Character M Carpathians category Carpathians criteria SK cat SK crit C2a(i) CR D VU B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v) NT Linaria pallidiflora (Lam.) Valdés Linaria angustissima (Loisel.) Borbás subsp. strictissima Linaria arvensis (L.) Desf. Linaria arvensis (L.) Desf. Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Philcox Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Philcox A RE RE B, M, N NT VU D2(i,ii) EN B2a(ii)b(i,ii,iv) B2a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv)c(ii,iii) Linnaea borealis L. EN B1ab(iv); C2a(i) Linnaea borealis L. Linnaea borealis L. subsp. borealis Linum hirsutum subsp. glabrescens Linum hirsutum subsp. glabrescens (Rochel) Soó (Rochel) Soó Linum trigynum L. Linum trigynum L. A EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv)c(ii,iii) EN VU B1ab(i) CR A2ac; B1a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v)c(iv) Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. Lloydia serotina (L.) Rchb Lloydia serotina (L.) Rchb B, H VU B1ab(iii)c(iv) Loiseleuria procumbens (L.) Desv. Loiseleuria procumbens (L.) Desv. Lolium remotum Schrank Lolium remotum Schrank Lolium temulentum L. Lolium temulentum L. subsp. temulentum Lonicera alpigena L. Lonicera alpigena L. VU B1ab(i) Lonicera caerulea L. Lonicera caerulea L. VU B1ab(iv) Lonicera nigra L. Lonicera nigra L. LC Lotus borbasii Ujhelyi Lotus borbasii Ujhelyi Lotus maritimus L. Tetragonolobus maritimus (L.) Roth Lotus pedunculatus Cav. CR B2a(ii)b(iii)c(iv); C2a(ii) EN B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) LC NT A CR A, M NT B1ab(i,iii) RE CR A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv); VU D2(i,ii) NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) CR A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v) C2a(ii) Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott DD Lycopodiella inundata (L.) Holub Lycopodiella inundata (L.) Holub EN Lycopodium alpinum L. Diphasiastrum alpinum (L.) Holub NT Lycopodium annotinum L. Lycopodium annotinum L. LC Lycopodium clavatum L. Lycopodium clavatum L. LC Lycopodium complanatum L. A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv,v) LC NT Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub VU B2a(i)b(iii) Diphasium complanatum (L.) Rothm. Lycopodium issleri (Rouy) Domin Diphasiastrum issleri (Rouy) Holub CR C2a(i) Lycopodium zeilleri (Rouy) Diphasiastrum zeilleri (Rouy) Holub VU B2ab(ii) RE Greuter & Burdet Lysimachia nemorum L. Lysimachia nemorum L. LC Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. NT EN Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. LC NT Malcolmia orsiniana (Ten.) Ten. Malcolmia orsiniana (Ten.) Ten. subsp. M VU B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v) B2ab(ii) serbica (Pančić) Greuter & Burdet Marrubium vulgare L. Marrubium vulgare L. A NT Medicago monspeliaca (L.) Trautv. Medicago monspeliaca (L.) Trautv. M VU Medicago prostrata Jacq. Medicago prostrata Jacq. Medicago rigidula (L.) All. Medicago rigidula (L.) All. Melampyrum barbatum Waldst. & Kit. Melampyrum barbatum Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. subsp. barbatum NT VU ex Willd. subsp. barbatum A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v)c(iv) E NT E NT Melica altissima L. Melica altissima L. N LC Melilotus altissimus Thuill. Melilotus altissimus Thuill. M VU Menyanthes trifoliata L. Menyanthyes trifoliata L. LC Minuartia glaucina Dvořáková Minuartia glaucina Dvořáková NT Minuartia glomerata (M. Bieb.) Degen Minuartia glomerata (M. Bieb.) Degen VU (Nyman) Mattf. B1a(i)b(iii) CR NT Melampyrum saxosum Baumg. Minuartia laricifolia subsp. kitaibelii B1a(i)b(iii) NT Melampyrum herbichii Woł. (Kit.) Hand.-Mazz. B1a(i)b(iii) VU N Melampyrum saxosum Baumg. Minuartia hirsuta subsp. frutescens A2ad; B2a(ii)b(ii,iv) EN M, N Melampyrum herbichii Woł. subsp. pannonica Letz VU B1ab(iii) VU A2acd; B2ab(i,ii,iii) B1ab(iii) A2ce; B2a(i,ii)b(iii) CR B1a(i)b(iii) VU A2acd; B2a(ii)b(i,ii,iii) VU A2ac; B2b(ii,iii) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) VU A2ace; B2a(i)b(iii,v); subsp. pannonica Letz Minuartia frutescens (Kit. ex Schult.) NT Tuzson ex Degen Minuartia laricifolia (L.) Schinz & Thell. C2a(i) LC subsp. kitaibelii (Nyman) Mattf. 80 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 80 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK pres HU cat HU crit + HU PL pres cat PL PL crit pres + + UA cat UA crit VU Aabcd UA RO pres cat VU + RO crit RO pres RS cat + LC RS crit RS pres CZ cat CZ crit C2a(i) + + DD VU C2a(ii); C2b + + CR B2ab(iii,iv) CR + C2a(i) RE + + + + DD + + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv) + VU + A2abcd + RE + + + + CR B2ab(i,ii,iii) + CR B2a; D1 VU B2b(i,ii) + + VU C1b + + + + + + DD + CR B2ab(ii,iii) + + VU A4abcd + VU A1abcd EN C2a(i) + + VU B2a; B2c(iv) + VU B2b(iii, iv) + RE CR C2a(i) VU B2a + + + + + + EN B2b,c,d,e VU B1 + CR B2ab(ii,iii,iv) + + EN C2a(i); D + + DD + RE + EN + CR C2b VU B2a; B2c(ii) C2a(i) + + + + + EN + + + + B2ab(i, ii, iv) + + VU B2a + + + + + + + VU B2b(i,ii) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + CR C1a(i) 81 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 81 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name Minuartia setacea (Thuill.) Hayek National name Character Minuartia setacea (Thuill.) Hayek Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit NT Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern subsp. verna Minuartia pauciflora (Kit. ex Kanitz) E NT E EN A2ac Minuartia viscosa (Schreb.) Schinz & Thell. M EN B1ab(i) Dvořaková Minuartia verna subsp. oxypetala Minuartia oxypetala (Woł.) Kulcz. (Wolł.) G. Halliday Minuartia viscosa (Schreb.) RE Schinz & Thell. Moehringia muscosa L. Moehringia muscosa L. LC Moenchia mantica (L.) Bartl. Moenchia mantica (L.) Bartl. subsp. mantica M, N LC RE subsp. mantica Moneses uniflora (L.) A. Gray Moneses uniflora (L.) A. Gray Montia arvensis Wallr. Montia arvensis Wallr. Montia fontana L. Montia fontana L. LC CR(PE) VU CR(PE) A2ac; CR B1ab(iii)c(iii,iv) Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill. Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill. A Myosotis discolor Pers. A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii)c(iii,iv) LC NT Myosotis discolor Pers. subsp. discolor VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v) Myosotis discolor Pers. Myosotis laxa subsp. caespitosa Myosotis caespitosa Schultz NT EN A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v) Myosotis stenophylla Knaf Myosotis stenophylla Knaf NT VU B2a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v)c(iv); Myricaria germanica (L.) Desv. Myricaria germanica (L.) Desv. NT VU A1ac; B1a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v) Myriophyllum verticillatum L. Myriophyllum verticillatum L. VU B2a(i,ii)c(iii,iv) Narcissus poeticus subsp. radiiflorus Narcissus angustifolius Curtis CR B2a(ii)b(iii)c(iii,iv) EN B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) VU B2a(i)b(iii) (Schultz) Nordh. C2a(i)b(iv) NT B VU A4abcd (Salisb.) Baker Nasturtium officinale (L.) R. Br. Nasturtium officinale R. Br. LC Neotinea ustulata (L.) R. M. Bateman, NT Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Orchis ustulata L. Neotinea ustulata (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase Neotinea ustulata (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase subsp. ustulata Neottia cordata (L.) Rich Listera cordata (L.) R. Br Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich. Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich. LC Neottia ovata (L.) Bluff & Fingerh. Listera ovata (L.) R. Br LC Nepeta rtanjensis Diklic & Milojevic Nepeta rtanjensis Diklić & Milojević Noccaea banatica (R. Uechtr.) Thlaspi dacicum Heuff. subsp. banaticum F. K. Mey. NT CR E NT B, E, H NT B2ac(ii,iii) (R. Uechtr.) Jáv. Noccaea jankae (A. Kern.) F. K. Mey. Thlaspi jankae A. Kern. Noccaea kovatsii (Heuff.) F. K. Mey. Thlaspi kovatsii Heuff. subsp. schudichii Noccaea montana (L.) F. K. Mey. Thlaspi montanum L. EN B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. M NT EN A2acd Nymphaea alba L. Nymphaea alba L. M NT RE Odontites vernus (Bellardi) Dumort. Odontites verna (Bellardi) Dumort. DD CR(PE) Oenanthe banatica Heuff. Oenanthe banatica Heuff. NT EN Oenanthe fistulosa L. Oenanthe fistulosa L. Oenanthe silaifolia M. Bieb. Oenanthe silaifolia M. Bieb. subsp. silaifolia LC (Soó) Soó EN M B2ab(iii,iv,v) M NT Omphalodes scorpioides (Haenke) Schrank Omphalodes scorpioides (Haenke) Schrank NT CR(PE) Onobrychis montana DC. Onobrychis montana DC. NT Onoclea struthiopteris (L.) Roth Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Tod. LC Ononis pusilla L. Ononis pusilla L. Onosma arenaria Waldst. & Kit. Onosma arenaria Waldst. & Kit. CR B2ab(ii,iii); D Onosma pseudoarenaria Schur subsp. Onosma arenaria Waldst. & Kit. subsp. VU C2a(i) VU EN pseudoarenaria Onosma pseudoarenaria subsp. tuberculata (Kit.) Rauschert Onosma tornensis Jáv. A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii); D NT M VU D2(i) CR A2ace; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) CR B2a(i)b(ii,iii); D B1ab(i,iii); C2a(i) CR B2a(i)b(ii,iii) B1ab(iii) CR B2a(i)b(ii,iii) NT pseudoarenaria (Schur) Jáv. Onosma pseudoarenaria subsp. tuberculata (Kit.) Rauschert Onosma tornensis Jáv. B, E, H* 82 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 82 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit CR A4abc + CR A3bc + + + CR A2a; B2a + + + + + + VU A4ac; C2a(i) + + + + VU A4acd; C2a(i) + + + + + + + + + + + EN A1abcd + + + EN B1a; B1c(iv) VU CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v) D1 + + + + + + + + + + VU + VU B2a; B2b(iii) + CR + A4abcd + + C2a(i) + EN + + + LC A2abcd + CR A4abc + + + + VU A2abcd + + + + VU A2abcd + LC LC CR B2c VU B2a; B2c(iii) + CR + B2ab(i, ii, iii, v) VU B2b(i,ii) + VU B2b(i,ii) + VU A4acd + VU D2 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + VU D2; C + + + VU VU A4acd; C2a(i) EN B2ab(iii) C2a(i) 83 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 83 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit B1ab(iii,iv,v) VU B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) VU B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) CR B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv) VU A2ac; B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) Onosma visianii Clementi Onosma visianii Clementi VU Ophrys apifera Huds. Ophrys apifera Huds. NT Ophrys apifera Huds. EN B1ab(iii,v)c(iv) Ophrys holoserica (Burm. f.) Greuter Ophrys holosericea Burm. f. Ophrys fuciflora (F. W. Schmidt) Ophrys fuciflora (F. W. Schmidt) Moench CR A2; B2ab(v) Ophrys holubyana András. VU A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv,v)c(iv) Moench subsp. fuciflora Ophrys holosericea subsp. holubyana (András.) Dostál Ophrys insectifera L. LC Ophrys insectifera L. NT Ophrys muscifera Hudson Ophrys scolopax subsp. cornuta (Steven) Ophrys cornuta Steven CR C2a(i) EN B1ab(iii)c(iv) VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) E. G. Camus Ophrys sphegodes Mill. Ophrys aranifera Huds. Ophrys sphegodes Mill. Orchis mascula (L.) L. subsp. mascula CR Orchis mascula (L.) L. Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa B2a(i)b(iii)c(iv); D LC (Mutel) Hegi Orchis mascula L. subsp. signifera (Vest) Soó Orchis signifera Vest Orchis militaris L. Orchis militaris L. LC NT Orchis pallens L. Orchis pallens L. LC NT Orchis purpurea Huds. Orchis purpurea Huds. LC NT Orchis simia Lam. Orchis simia Lam. VU B1ac(i,iv) Orchis spitzelii W. D. J. Koch Orchis spitzelii W. D. J. Koch EN D EN Oreochloa disticha (Wulfen) Link Oreochloa disticha (Wulfen) Link LC Ornithogalum comosum L. Ornithogalum comosum Torn. EN B1ab(i) RE VU A2ac; B1ab(i,iii,iv,v)c(iv) Ornithogalum sphaerocarpum A. Kern. Ornithogalum pyrenaicum subsp. CR sphaerocarpum (A. Kern.) Hegi D A2ac; B2a(ii)b(i,iii,iv,v); C1+C2a(ii) Ornithogalum sphaerocarpum A. Kern. Orobanche alba Willd. Orobanche alba Stephan ex Willd. NT Orobanche alsatica Kirschl. Orobanche alsatica Kirschl. NT Orobanche alsatica Kirschl. VU B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) VU B1a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v) EN B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v); C2a(i) CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii); D VU B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v) CR B2a(i)b(iii,iv) CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii); D NT Orobanche mayeri (Suess. & Ronniger) Bertsch Orobanche mayeri (Suess. & Ronniger) Bertsch & F. Bertsch Orobanche arenaria Borkh. Phelipanche arenaria (Borkh.) Pomel Orobanche artemisiae-campestris Gaudin Orobanche artemisiae-campestris NT M EN B1ab(iii) VU B1ab(iii,iv,v); C2(b) Vaucher ex Gaudin Orobanche artemisiae-campestris Gaudin Orobanche picridis F. W. Schultz ex W. D. J. Koch Orobanche picridis F. W. Schultz Orobanche cernua Loefl. Orobanche cernua L. in Loefl. Orobanche coerulescens Stephan Orobanche coerulescens Stephan M Orobanche elatior Sutton (sensu orig.) CR D EN B1ab(iii,iv) NT Orobanche elatior Sutton Orobanche elatior Sutton (sensu orig.) Orobanche flava F. W. Schultz Orobanche flava Mart. LC Orobanche gracilis Sm. Orobanche gracilis Sm. M VU Orobanche teucrii Holandre Orobanche teucrii Holandre M DD B1ab(iii,iv,v) VU B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v) EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii); D 84 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 84 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN A2ac; + B2ab (i,ii,iii,iv) CR B2b(v); B2c(iv); + C2a(i) CR A2; B2a; B2b(v) CR A2; B2a; B2b(v) + CR CR B2a; C2a(i) EN C2a(i) DD CR C2a(i) CR C2a(i) CR C2a(i) B2a; C2a(i) VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + VU B2a; B2c(iv) + + + EN A1abcd + CR B2a; D VU A2abcd + + VU CR C2b + + EN CR A3bc + + + + A2a; + C2a(i) B2a; C2a(i) CR B2a; B2c(iv); D1 + + CR C2a(ii) + + VU + B2a; B2c(iv) + + + VU D2 + + + + + + CR C2a(i)b; D + + VU B2b(iii, iv) CR B2a; C2a(i)b CR D1 RE + EN B2a; + C2a(i) + + VU D2 + + + + + + + + + 85 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 85 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Osmunda regalis L. Osmunda regalis L. Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit VU D2(i) RE? LC Oxytropis campestris (L.) DC. NT subsp. campestris Oxytropis campestris (L.) DC. subsp. tatrae (Borbás) Oxytropis campestris subsp. tatrae (Borbás) E Dostál Oxytropis carpatica R. Uechtr. Oxytropis carpatica R. Uechtr. Oxytropis halleri W. D. J. Koch Oxytropis halleri Bunge E NT Oxytropis neglecta Ten. Oxytropis neglecta Ten. CR B1ac(i) Oxytropis pilosa (L.) DC. Oxytropis pilosa (L.) De Cand. VU B1ab(iii) Paeonia daurica Andrews Paeonia corallina Retz. EN B2ab(ii,iii) Paeonia tenuifolia L. Paeonia tenuifolia L. B CR A3cd Papaver argemone L. Papaver argemone L. A NT CR A2ac Papaver dubium subsp. confine Papaver confine Jord. DD VU A2ce; CR B2a(i)b(i,ii,iv); D EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v)c(iii,iv); NT (Jord.) Hörandl B2(ii)b(i,iii,iv)c(iii) Papaver dubium L. subsp. dubium Papaver dubium L. subsp. dubium A NT Papaver tatricum (A. Nyár.) Ehrend. Papaver tatricum (A. Nyár.) Ehrend. E NT Papaver tatricum (A. Nyár.) Ehrend. Papaver tatricum subsp. fatraemagnae E EN subsp. tatricum Bernátová B2ab(iii,iv,v)c(iii,iv); C2a(i) Parnassia palustris L. Parnassia palustris L. Paronychia cephalotes (M. Bieb.) Besser Paronychia cephalotes (M. Bieb.) Bess. Pastinaca hirsuta Pančić Pastinaca hirsuta Pančić M VU Pedicularis baumgartenii Simonk. Pedicularis baumgartenii Simonk. E CR B1ac(iii) Pedicularis comosa L. subsp. comosa Pedicularis comosa L. subsp. comosa VU B1ab(iii) Pedicularis hacquetii Graf Pedicularis hacquetii Graf NT Pedicularis kaufmannii Pinzger Pedicularis kaufmannii Pinzger CR Pedicularis oederi Vahl Pedicularis oederi Vahl NT Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum L. Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum L. VU C2a(i) LC NT Pedicularis sylvatica L. B1ab(ii,iii) CR C2a(i) NT B2a; C2a(i); D LC A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv,v) EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) VU B2a(i)b(i,iii,iv) NT Pedicularis sylvatica L. Pedicularis sylvatica L. subsp. sylvatica Petrocallis pyrenaica (L.) R. Br. Petrocallis pyrenaica (L.) W. T. Aiton VU Petrorhagia saxifraga (L.) Link Petrorhagia saxifraga (L.) Link NT Peucedanum arenarium Peucedanum arenarium Waldst. & Kit. M CR Waldst. & Kit. subsp. arenarium A2ad; B2ab(iii); Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.) Watt Phyteuma orbiculare L. Phyteuma orbiculare L. Pilosella echioides (Lumn.) . Pilosella echioides (Lumn.) B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) CR A2ad; B2a(ii)b(iii); C2a(ii) LC M NT VU D2(i,ii) VU D2(i,ii) VU D2(i,ii) F. W. Schultz & Sch. Bip. Pilosella euchaetia (Nägeli & Peter) Soják VU B1ab(iii) Pilosella fallacina (F. W. Schultz) Pilosella fallacina (F. W. Schultz) VU B1ab(iii) D2 F. W. Schultz Pilosella guthnickiana (Hegetschw.) Soják Pilosella guthnickiana (Hegetschw.) Soják VU Pilosella iserana (R. Uechtr.) Soják Pilosella callimorpha (Nägeli & Peter) Soják RE? Pilosella pilosellina (F. W. Schultz) Soják Pilosella pilosellina (F. W. Schultz) Soják CR B1b(iii)c(iii) Pilosella rothiana (Wallr.) VU D2 F. W. Schultz & Sch. Bip. D2(i) VU LC Pilosella euchaetia (Nägeli & Peter) Soják F. W. Schultz VU C2a(ii) Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.) Watt F. W. Schultz & Sch. Bip D2 Pilosella rothiana (Wallr.) F. W. Schultz & Sch. Bip. Pilosella stenosoma (Nägeli & Peter) Soják Pilosella stenosoma (Nägeli & Peter) Soják Pinguicula alpina L. Pinguicula alpina L. Pinguicula vulgaris L. RE? LC NT NT Pinguicula vulgaris L. NT Pinguicula vulgaris L. subsp. bicolor (Woł.) Á. Löve & D. Löve Pinus cembra L. Pinus cembra L. NT Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana DD (Lamb.) Holmboe Pistorinia hispanica (L.) DC. NT (Lamb.) Holmboe Sedum antiquum Omelcz. & Zaverucha NT 86 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 86 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN B2b,c; C1 EN B2b,c,d VU B1a(ii)b(iii) VU B1a(ii)b(iii) RE? + + VU B2a + VU C2a(i) + VU C2a(i) EN B2ab(ii,iii) + + + + + CR EN CR B1a; B1c(i) D1 + A3cd + + + + + + + VU + B2a; C2a(i) + VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) VU B2ab(iii, iv) + + + + VU B1 CR B1a; B1c(iii) + VU CR B2a + + + + + B2a; C2a(i); D + + CR C1 RE + + EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) CR C2b CR C2a(i); C2b + + + + + RE + VU B2a; B2c(iv) + + + + VU B2ab(iii) + + + + + + + RE? CR B1b(iii)c(iii) + RE? + + + CR + VU A4abc + VU A4abc + B2a + EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + EN A1c,d,e; B1;B2c,d + CR A4abcd + 87 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 87 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name Pisum sativum L. subsp. elatius (M. Bieb.) Asch. & Graebn. National name Pisum sativum L. subsp. elatius Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit NT (M. Bieb.) Asch. & Graebn. Plantago arenaria Waldst. & Kit. Plantago arenaria Waldst. & Kit. Plantago argentea Chaix Plantago argentea Chaix Plantago atrata subsp. carpatica Plantago atrata Hoppe subsp. carpatica (Soó) Soó Character M, N NT E NT (Soó) Soó Plantago maritima subsp. ciliata Printz Plantago maritima subsp. salsa (Pall.) Soják Plantago maxima Jacq. Plantago maxima Juss. ex Jacq. M EN Plantago schwarzenbergiana Schur Plantago schwarzenbergiana Schur. Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. Platanthera chlorantha (Cust.) Rchb. LC Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. NT Poa babiogorensis Poa babiogorensis Poa nemoralis subsp. carpatica V. Jirásek B2ab(iii,iv,v) EN B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) RE? Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. Bernátová, Májovský & Obuch CR(PE) NT M VU D2 LC NT E CR D Poa carpatica subsp. supramontana Bernátová, E VU D1+2 VU D1+D2(i,ii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,v); C2a(ii) D1+D2(i,ii) Bernátová, Májovský & Obuch Májovský, Kliment & Topercer Poa margilicola Bernátová & Májovský Poa margilicola Bernátová & Májovský E EN B2ab(iii,v); C2a(ii) Poa rehmannii Poa rehmannii (Asch. & Graeb.) Wolosz. E VU B1ac(ii) Poa remota Forselles Poa remota Forselles LC Poa seiunta Bernátová, Poa sejuncta Bernátová, Májovský & Obuch E VU D1+2 VU B1ab(i) CR(PE) (Asch. & Graebn.) Wolosz. Májovský & Obuch Podospermum laciniatum (L.) DC. Podospermum laciniatum (L.) DC. CR Podospermum roseum (Waldst. & Kit.) Scorzonera rosea Waldst. & Kit. NT CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv); EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv) VU B1ab(iii)c(iii,iv) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v)c(iv); Gemeinholzer & Greuter Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L. subsp. tetraphyllum C2a(i); D Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L. subsp. A, N EN A2ac; B1ab(ii,iii,iv) tetraphyllum Polycnemum arvense L. Polycnemum arvense L. Polycnemum heuffelii Láng Polycnemum heuffeli Láng A, M CR LC Polygala amara L. Polygala amara L. LC Polygonum bistorta L. Persicaria bistorta (L.) Samp. LC Polystichum braunii (Spenn.) Fée Polystichum braunii (Spenn.) Fée LC Polystichum lonchitis (L.) Roth Polystichum lonchitis (L.) Roth LC Polystichum setiferum (Forssk.) Woyn. Polystichum setiferum (Forssk.) Woyn. Pontechium maculatum (L.) Echium maculatum L. B2ab(ii) LC H NT Böhle & Hilger C2a(i),b; D2(i) Potamogeton acutifolius Link Potamogeton acutifolius Link VU B1ab(i) CR B2a(iv)c(iv) Potamogeton alpinus Balb. Potamogeton alpinus Balb. VU B1ab(i) CR B2a(iv)b(iv) Potamogeton compressus L. Potamogeton compressus L. CR B1ab(i) RE Potamogeton gramineus L. Potamogeton gramineus L. VU B1ab(i) EN B2a(i,ii)c(ii,iv,v) Potamogeton obtusifolius Potamogeton obtusifolius VU B2ab(iii,iv) CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv) Mert. & W. D. J. Koch Mert. & W. D. J. Koch Potentilla anglica Laichard Potentilla anglica Laichard VU B1ab(i)c(ii) B1ac(i) Potentilla haynaldiana Janka Potentilla haynaldiana Janka CR Potentilla micrantha DC. Potentilla micrantha Ramond ex DC. LC EN B2a(ii)b(iii) Potentilla patula Waldst. & Kit. Potentilla patula Waldst. & Kit. NT EN B2a(ii)b(iii) DD EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v); D VU B2a(i)b(iii) VU D2(i) subsp. patula subsp. patula Potentilla pedata Willd. Potentilla pedata Willd. ex Nestl. Potentilla pusilla Host Potentilla pusilla Host Primula acaulis (L.) L. Primula vulgaris Huds. Primula auricula L. subsp. serratifolia Primula auricula L. subsp. serratifolia (Rochel) Jav. M NT LC E VU C2a(i) (Rochel) Jav. Primula farinosa L. NT Primula farinosa L. subsp. farinosa Primula farinosa L. Primula halleri J. F. Gmel. NT Primula halleri J. F. Gmel. subsp. halleri Primula halleri J. F. Gmel. Primula halleri subsp. platyphylla O. Schwarz 88 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 88 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit VU D2 CR C2b VU D2 + + + + + VU B2a; + + + C2a(i) + RE? VU D2 + + + + VU A2abcd + LC + + + EN A4abcd + LC + CR A2ac; B2a (ii,iii) + CR + + D + CR + EN B2a; B2b(iii) A4abcd VU + + + + B2a; B2c(ii) + + + + + RE CR + + B2ab(ii) + VU B2ab(i,,iii) + + + + VU B2ab(i,ii,iii) + + + + + EN B2b(iii, iv); D1 + + + + EN D1 + + + + EN D1 + + + VU A4cd; C2b EN B2a; B2b(iv) + + + + + CR + C2b + RE + + + + + + + CR B2a; B2c(ii); C2a(i) + + CR EN B1a; B1c(i) D + + + + + + + + + + RE CR B2a; B2c(i) VU C2a(i) + + + CR B1;B2e;C2a,b; D CR A1a; B2a DD CR C2b RE EN A4abcd + 89 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 89 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians category Primula minima L. Primula minima L. Primula wulfeniana Schott subsp. Primula baumgarteniana Degen & Moesz Carpathians criteria B, E CR C2a(i) Pritzelago alpina subsp. dubia (Pawł.) Soják Pritzelago alpina subsp. dubia (Pawł.) Soják VU D2 Prunus padus subsp. borealis Padus petraea Tausch NT Prunus tenella Batsch Prunus tenella Batsch NT Psephellus trinervius (Willd.) Wagenitz Centaurea trinervia Stephan ex Willd. CR Pseudorchis albida (L.) Pseudorchis albida (L.) Á. Löve & D. Löve LC Pulmonaria angustifolia L. Pulmonaria angustifolia L. NT Pulsatilla alpina subsp. austriaca Pulsatilla scherfelii (Ullep.) Skalický LC LC SK cat SK crit LC baumgarteniana (Degen & Moesz) Lüdi VU D2(i) CR B1a(ii)b(iii) EN B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) (A. Blytt) Nyman C2a(i) Á. Löve & D. Löve Aichele & Schwegler Pulsatilla halleri subsp. slavica Pulsatilla slavica G. Reuss B, E, H* NT (G. Reuss) Zämelis Pulsatilla montana subsp. bulgarica Rummelsp. Pulsatilla montana (Hoppe) Reichnb. EN B2ab(ii) subsp. bulgarica Rummelsp. Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. Pulsatilla pratensis (L.) Mill. Pulsatilla pratensis subsp. flavescens (Hazsl.) B, H NT M EN B1ab(ii,iii,v) CR B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v); D VU B2a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,v) EN B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,v) Holub Pulsatilla pratensis (L.) Mill. Pulsatilla zimmermannii Soó Pulsatilla vernalis (L.) Mill. Pulsatilla vernalis (L.) Mill. M NT Pulsatilla vulgaris subsp. grandis Pulsatilla grandis Wender. LC Pycreus flavescens (L.) Rchb. Cyperus flavescens L. VU Pyrola chlorantha Sw. Pyrola chlorantha Sw. NT Pyrola rotundifolia L. Pyrola rotundifolia L. Pyrus spinosa Forssk. Pyrus nivalis Jacq. Quercus cerris L. Quercus cerris L. Quercus frainetto Ten. Quercus frainetto Ten. LC Radiola linoides Roth Radiola linoides Roth EN B1ab(iii,iv,v) B2ab(iii,v); D2 CR B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v); D EN B2a(ii)b(v); C2a(i) CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) (Wender.) Zämelis B1ab(iii,iv,v)c(iv) LC A EN C2a(i); D LC Ranunculus altitatrensis Paclová & Murín Ranunculus altitatrensis Paclová & Murín E VU Ranunculus carpaticus Herbich Ranunculus carpaticus Herbich E NT Ranunculus flabellifolius Reichenb. Ranunculus flabellifolius Heuff. in Rchb. VU Ranunculus glacialis L. Ranunculus glacialis L. NT Ranunculus illyricus L. Ranunculus illyricus L. Ranunculus lateriflorus DC. Ranunculus lateriflorus DC. Ranunculus lingua L. Ranunculus lingua L. NT Ranunculus millefoliatus Vahl Ranunculus millefoliatus Vahl EN Ranunculus ophioglossifolius Vill. Ranunculus ophioglossifolius Vill. VU D2 Ranunculus peltatus subsp. baudotii Batrachium baudotii (Godr.) F. W. Schultz EN B1ab(iii) CR A2e; B2a(i)b(iii) CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v)c(iii,iv) VU B2a(i,ii)b(iii,v); D2(i) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,v); C2a(ii) VU B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv) B1ab(ii) LC M VU B1ab(i)c(iv) RE CR A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(ii) B1ab(i) RE CR B2a(i,ii)c(iv) (Godr.) C. D. K. Cook Ranunculus polyphyllus Willd. Ranunculus polyphyllus Waldst. & Kit. EN B1ab(i) Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb. Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb. M EN B2ab(iii,iv,v) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v) Ranunculus reptans L. Ranunculus reptans L. EN B1ab(iii,v) CR B2a(ii)b(iii,v); D Ranunculus rionii Lagger Batrachium rionii (Lagger) Nyman NT VU B2a(i,ii)c(ii,iii,iv) Ranunculus thora L. Ranunculus thora L. NT NT Reseda phyteuma L. Reseda phyteuma L. Rhamnus saxatilis Jacq. subsp. saxatilis Rhamnus saxatilis Jacq. subsp. saxatilis A, M VU B1ab(i) EN A2ace; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv); M EN B2ab(iii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii) C2a(i) Rhinanthus alectorolophus (Scop.) Pollich NT Rhinanthus alectorolophus (Scop.) Polich. Rhinanthus alectorolophus Pollich Rhinanthus borbasii (Dörfl.) Soó Rhinanthus borbasii (Dörfl.) Soó DD CR B1a(i)b(iii) Rhinanthus rumelicus Velen. Rhinanthus rumelicus Velen. NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) Rhodiola rosea L. Rhodiola rosea L. LC LC Rhododendron myrtifolium Rhododendron myrtifolium Schott & Kotschy LC Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja EN M Schott & Kotschy Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja A2ac; B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v) 90 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 90 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK pres HU cat HU crit HU PL pres cat PL PL crit pres + + UA cat UA crit VU A2abcd UA RO pres cat VU B2a + + B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) VU A4abc VU A4abcd + + + RS crit VU B2c;B3b; C1 EN B2b,c,d VU B2a,b,c;E RS pres CZ cat CZ crit + CR + RS cat C2a(i) + EN RO pres + CR + RO crit C2a(i) + + EN C2a(ii); D + + + + EN B2a; C2a(i) + + + CR C2b VU B2c(iii,iv) + + + VU B2a; B2b(iv) + + + + VU B2b(iii, iv) + + + EN C2a(i); D1 + + + + EN A2abcd + + + + + + + + + + + + CR + + EN + LC B1 C2a(i) + RE + EN B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv), + + + C2a(i) + + VU EN B1ab(i) + D1; D2 + CR B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv)+2c(iv) + + + + + + EN A2abcd VU C2a(i) VU C2a(i) + + + + RE + VU + + + B2b(iii, iv) + + CR A4abcd + VU A4abcd + + + 91 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 91 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv)c(iv) Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl NT Ribes alpinum L. Ribes alpinum L. LC Ribes nigrum L. Ribes nigrum L. NT Ribes petraeum Wulfen Ribes petraeum Wulfen LC Ribes spicatum E. Robson Ribes spicatum Robson DD Rorippa pyrenaica (All.) Rchb. Rorippa pyrenaica (All.) Rchb. NT VU B1a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Rosa arvensis Huds. Rosa arvensis Huds. M NT VU D1+ D2(i,ii) Rosa glauca Pourr. Rosa glauca Pourr. N NT EN B2a(i)b(iii) Rubus chamaemorus L. Rubus chamaemorus L. EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii,v) CR A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(i,ii,iii,iv) CR C2a(i); D Rubus portae-moravicae Holub & Trávn. Rubus portae-moravicae Holub & Trávn. VU B2ab(iii) Rubus senticosus Weihe Rubus senticosus Weihe EN B2ab(iii) Ruscus hypoglossum L. Ruscus hypoglossum L. NT Sagina apetala Ard. VU B1ab(i,iii,iv) B1ab(iii) Sagina apetala Ard. Sagina apetala Ard. subsp. apetala Sagina nodosa (L.) Fenzl subsp. nodosa Sagina nodosa (L.) Fenzl subsp. nodosa VU VU Sagina subulata (Sw.) C. Presl Sagina subulata (Sw.) C. Presl A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii) NT VU A2ac; B2a(ii)b(i,iii,v) VU B2a(iv)b(iv) Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Sagittaria sagittifolia L. M LC Salicornia perennans Willd. Salicornia prostrata Pall. M RE Salix alpina Scop. LC Salix jacquinii Host Salix alpina Scop. Salix aurita L. Salix aurita L. LC Salix bicolor Willd. Salix phylicifolia auct. NT Salix hastata L. subsp. hastata Salix hastata L. subsp. hastata LC Salix helvetica Vill. Salix helvetica Vill. NT Salix herbacea L. Salix herbacea L. LC Salix lapponum L. Salix lapponum L. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) Salix myrtilloides L. Salix myrtilloides L. CR A2ace; B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v); D CR A2ace; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v); D Salix pentandra L. Salix pentandra L. LC Salix retusa L. Salix kitaibeliana Willd. B2ab(iii) VU B2a(i)b(iii) Salix retusa L. Salix retusa L. E VU NT LC LC LC Salix starkeana Willd. EN LC B1ab(iii) Salix starkeana Willd. EN B2a(i,ii),b(iii); D VU B1a(i)b(iii) Salix livida Wahlenb. Salvia aethiopis L. Salvia aethiopis L. Saponaria bellidifolia Sm. Saponaria bellidifolia Sm. Saussurea alpina (L.) DC. Saussurea alpina (L.) DC. Saussurea porcii Degen M NT VU B1ab(i) NT E CR NT B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) Saussurea porcii Degen Saussurea serrata Stankov & Taliev Saussurea pygmaea (Jacq.) Spreng. Saussurea pygmaea (Jacq.) Sprengel NT Saxifraga adscendens L. Saxifraga adscendens L. LC Saxifraga aizoides L. Saxifraga aizoides L. LC Saxifraga androsacea L. Saxifraga androsacea L. LC LC Saxifraga bryoides L. Saxifraga bryoides L. NT LC Saxifraga bulbifera L. Saxifraga bulbifera L. LC Saxifraga carpatica Sternb. Saxifraga carpatica Sternb. NT Saxifraga cernua L. Saxifraga cernua L. NT Saxifraga cymbalaria L. subsp. cymbalaria Saxifraga cymbalaria L. EN B2ac(iii) CR B2ac(i); D Saxifraga hirculus L. B, H VU D2(i,ii) VU B2a(i)b(iii,v); D2(i,ii) Saxifraga hirculus L. subsp. hirculus Saxifraga hirculus L. Saxifraga luteoviridis Schott & Kotschy Saxifraga luteo-viridis Schott & Kotschy NT Saxifraga mutata L. Saxifraga mutata L. VU Saxifraga oppositifolia L. Saxifraga oppositifolia L. LC B2ab(iii,v); D2 92 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 92 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit + VU C2a(i); D1 + + + VU B1;B2c,e; VU B2a; D1 + + + VU B2a(ii)b(iii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii) VU C2a(i) + VU B2a; B2c(iv) C2a + RE + + + + + + CR + CR C1 + + + + + + + + + B2a; C2a(i); D + + + C1a(i) CR B1a; B1c(i) + + + + CR + + + + RE + + + VU B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv) + + EN + EN B2a; D CR C2a(i) CR C2a(i) CR B2ac(i,ii,iv) + + + + + B2a + + + + VU A2abc + CR B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) RE + RE + + + + + + + EN A4abcd + + CR C2b + EN B1a; B1c(i); + C2(i) + + EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) RE? + + ENB2a; C2a(i) CR A2ac; + + + B2ab (ii,iii)+c(iv); C2a(i) + + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + + CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + + + + + + VU CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + CR C1 + EN A4abcd + + C2a(i) + EN B2a; B2c(iii) RE EN B2a; B2c(i); D CR B1b(i,ii,iii.iv,v) + + + + DD + 93 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 93 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit VU B1a(i)b(iii) Saxifraga pedemontana subsp. cymosa Engl. Saxifraga pedemontana All. subsp. cymosa Engler NT Saxifraga retusa Gouan Saxifraga retusa Gouan NT Scabiosa canescens Waldst. & Kit. Scabiosa canescens Waldst. & Kit. Scabiosa columbaria subsp. Scabiosa columbaria L. subsp. pseudobanatica (Schur) Jáv. & Csapody NT E VU B1ab(iii,iv) pseudobanatica (Schur) Jáv. Scabiosa triandra L. Scabiosa triandra L. M VU A2ac; B2ab(iii,iv) VU A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) Scandix pecten-veneris L. Scandix pecten-veneris L. subsp. A VU B1ab(i,iii,iv,v)c(iii); CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v)c(iii); pecten-veneris C2b Scheuchzeria palustris L. D NT Scheuchzeria palustris L. EN B2a(i)b(iii) EN A2ce; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v) Scheuchzeria palustris L. subsp. palustris Schoenoplectus supinus (L.) Palla Schoenoplectus supinus (L.) Palla Schoenus ferrugineus L. Schoenus ferrugineus L. NT Schoenus nigricans L. Schoenus nigricans L. EN B1ab(iii) Scilla bifolia L. Scilla vindobonensis Speta VU D2 Scleranthus perennis L. subsp. perennis Scleranthus perennis L. subsp. perennis LC CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) Scleranthus verticillatus Tausch Scleranthus verticillatus Tausch NT EN A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv)c(iv) NT Scopolia carniolica Jacq. Scopolia carniolica Jacq. Scorzonera hispanica L. Scorzonera hispanica L. Scorzonera parviflora Jacq. Scorzonera parviflora Jacq. Scutellaria alpina L. Scutellaria alpina L. subsp. alpina Scutellaria altissima L. Scutellaria altissima L. Scutellaria supina L. Scutellaria supina L. A VU NT M N EN B2ab(iii,iv) CR B2ac(i) LC CR D B1ab(iv) Securigera elegans (Pančič) Lassen Securigera elegans (Pančič) Lassen VU Sedum annuum L. Sedum annuum L. NT Sedum dasyphyllum L. subsp. dasyphyllum Sedum dasyphyllum L. VU Selaginella selaginoides (L.) Selaginella selaginoides (L.) LC Schrank & Mart. B2ab(iii) VU B1a(i)b(iii) CR A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv) EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iv,v) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii, iv,v); C2a(i) VU B2a(i)b(iii,v); C2a(i) VU B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v); C2a(i) CR A2c; B2a(ii)b(iii) B1ab(i) Beauv. ex Mart. & Schrank Selinum dubium (Schkuhr) Leute NT Selinum dubium (Schkuhr) Thell. Cnidium dubium (Schkuhr) Thell. Sempervivum carpathicum subsp. Sempervivum carpathicum subsp. heterophyllum (Hazsl.) Letz heterophyllum (Hazsl.) Letz E VU Sempervivum marmoreum Griseb. Sempervivum marmoreum Griseb. Sempervivum matricum Letz Sempervivum matricum Letz Sempervivum montanum L. Sempervivum montanum L. E Senecio doria L. Senecio doria L. M Senecio sarracenicus L. Senecio sarracenicus L. NT Senecio squalidus subsp. rupestris Senecio rupestris Waldst. & Kit. NT B2ab(iii,v); C2a(i) NT NT NT LC RE (Waldst. & Kit.) Greuter Senecio umbrosus Waldst. & Kit. Senecio umbrosum Waldst. & Kit. s. str. LC Seseli gracile Waldst. & Kit. Seseli gracile Waldst. & Kit. NT Seseli hippomarathrum Jacq. Seseli hippomarathrum Jacq. LC Seseli leucospermum Waldst. & Kit. Seseli leucospermum Waldst. & Kit. VU Seseli pallasii Besser Seseli pallasii Besser NT Seseli peucedanoides (M. Bieb.) Koso-Pol. VU VU B1a(i)b(iii) EN B1a(i)b(iii) CR B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v)c(iv); C2a(i) C2a(ii) A3cd; B1ab(i,iii,iv,v)c(iv); C2a(i) Seseli peucedanoides (M. Bieb.) Koso-Pol. Gasparrinia peucedanoides (M. Bieb.) Thell. Sesleria caerulea (L.) Ard. Sesleria albicans Kit. ex Schult. LC Sesleria coerulans Friv. Sesleria bielzii Schur NT Sesleria heuflerana Schur Sesleria heufleriana Schur. NT Sesleria sadlerana Janka Sesleria sadleriana Janka EN B1ab(iii) CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii) Sesleria uliginosa Opiz Sesleria uliginosa Opiz VU A2ac; B1ab(i,iii,iv,v) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v) Sibbaldia procumbens L. Sibbaldia procumbens L. NT CR B2a(i)b(iii); D Silaum silaus (L.) Schinz & Thell. Silaum silaus (L.) Schinz & Thell. LC Silene bupleuroides L. subsp. bupleuroides Silene bupleuroides L. subsp. bupleuroides EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Silene conica L. Silene conica L. M NT EN B2a(ii)b(iii)c(iv) Silene gallica L. Silene gallica L. A NT CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) VU B1ab(i,iii,iv) 94 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 94 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit DD + VU + B2a; + C2a(i) + EN + + A3c, d; + B2ab(iii,iv); D EN B2a(ii)b(i,ii) VU C2b EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv) EN VU + B2a B2a; B2b(iii) + VU + A3bc + RE VU + D2 + + + + + + + + + + VU A3cd + LC + + CR B2c; C2b + + + CR B2a; B2c(i) CR D + + EN + B1; B2a EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv) + + + EN + + VU + VU + C2b A2abc + + A3cd + + EN A2 EN D + CR A4abc + + + + + VU A3c + + + + RE + + + EN B1 + VU C2a(ii) + + VU A3cd EN B2a; B2b(iii) + + + VU C2a(ii) + VU + B1; B2a + + + + + + CR B2a; B2c(ii); C2a(ii) VU + CR B2ab(ii, v) VU B2ab(i, ii, iii) B2a + + + + + + + + + 95 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 95 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Silene lerchenfeldiana Baumg. Silene lerchenfeldiana Baumg. Silene nivalis (Kit.) Rohrb. Silene nivalis (Kit.) Rohrb. Character Silene nutans subsp. dubia (Rohrb.) Zapał. Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit CR B2ab(iii,v); C2a(ii); D VU D1+D2(i,ii) VU B1ac(ii) E VU B2ac(iii) E NT Silene nutans subsp. dubia (Herbich) Zapał. Silene dubia L. Silene rupestris L. Silene rupestris L. Silene zawadzkii Herbich Silenanthe zawadskii (Herbich) Griseb. & E NT Sisymbrium austriacum Jacq. Sisymbrium austriacum Jacq. N VU D1+2 M VU B1ab(i,iii,iv) VU B1ab(i) E CR D CR D E CR B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v); CR B2a(i)b(i,ii,iii,iv,v); subsp. austriacum CR B2ac(i) subsp. austriacum Sisymbrium polymorphum (Murray) Roth Sisymbrium polymorphum (Murr.) Roth Sium sisarum L. Sium sisarum L. Soldanella pseudomontana F. K. Mey. Soldanella pseudomontana subsp. pieninica Hrouda & Kochjarová, ined. Sorbus atrimontis Májovský, Sorbus atrimontis Bernátová & Májovský Bernátová & Topercer Sorbus austriaca subsp. hazslinszkyana C2a(i) Sorbus hazslinszkyana (Soó) Májovský C2a(i) NT (Soó) Kárpáti Sorbus borbasii Jav. Sorbus borbasii Jav. Sorbus buekkensis (Soó) Soó Sorbus buekkensis Soó Sorbus caeruleomontana Májovský, Sorbus caeruleomontana Bernátová & Topercer E VU B1ac(i) VU B2ab(ii); D1 E CR B2ab(i,iii,v); C2a(ii) E EN CR B2a(ii)b(i,iii,v); C2a(ii) CR B2a(i)b(i,iv,v); C2a(i); D VU B2a(i,ii)b(iii); C2a(i); Bernátová & Májovský Sorbus carpatica Borbás Sorbus zolyomii (Soó) Kárpáti Sorbus dacica Borbas Sorbus dacica Borbas Sorbus graeca (Spach) Schauer Sorbus graeca (Spach) Lodd. ex Schauer Sorbus haljamovae Májovský, Sorbus haljamovae Bernátová & Májovský NT B2ac(ii) NT E VU B2ab(iii); C2a(i); D1+2 Bernátová & Topercer Sorbus chamaemespilus (L.) Crantz D1+D2(i) Sorbus chamaemespilus (L.) Crantz NT Sorbus javorkae (Soó) Kárpáti Sorbus javorkae (Soó) Kárpáti Sorbus margittaiana (Jáv.) Kárpáti Sorbus margittaiana (Jáv.) Kárpáti E EN NT B2ab(i,iii,iv,v); C2a(i) EN B2a(i,ii)b(i,iii,iv,v); C2a(i) Sorbus montisalpae Májovský, Sorbus montisalpae Bernátová & Májovský E EN B2ab(i,iii,iv,v); C2a(i) EN B2a(i,ii)b(i,iii,iv,v); C2a(i) Bernátová & Topercer Sorbus pannonica Kárpáti Sorbus thaiszii (Soó) Kárpáti Sorbus pekarovae Májovský & Bernátová Sorbus pekarovae Májovský & Bernátová E NT CR B2ab(iii,v); C2a(ii) CR B2a(ii)b(iii,v); C2a(ii) Sorbus scepusiensis Kovanda Sorbus scepusiensis Kovanda E CR B2b(i,ii,iv,v); C2a(ii) CR B2b(i,ii,iv,v); C2a(ii) Sorbus sooi (Máthé) Kárpáti Sorbus sooi (Máthé) Kárpáti Sorbus zuzanae Májovský, Sorbus zuzanae Májovský & Bernátová VU B2ab(iii); C2a(i); D1+2 VU B2a(i,ii)b(iii); C2a(i); VU B1ab(iii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii); C2a(ii) NT E Bernátová &Topercer D1+D2(i) Sparganium angustifolium Michx. Sparganium angustifolium F. Michx. Sparganium emersum Rehmann Sparganium emersum Rehmann NT Sparganium natans L. Sparganium natans L. EN B2ab(iii) EN B2a(i)b(iii) Spergula pentandra L. Spergula pentandra L. EN B1ab(i,iii)c(iii,iv) CR D Spiraea media Schmidt subsp. media Spiraea media Schmidt subsp. media LC Spiraea salicifolia L. Spiraea salicifolia L. VU Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall. Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall. NT CR A2ac Stachys alpina L. Stachys alpina L. LC VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv) VU A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii); D Staphylea pinnata L. Staphylaea pinnata L. NT Stellaria longifolia Willd. Stellaria longifolia H. L. Mühl. ex Willd. VU Stellaria palustris Hoffm. B1ab(i,iii) A2ac; B1ab(i,iii,iv) NT Stellaria palustris Retz. Stellaria palustris Ehrh. ex Hoffm. Sternbergia colchiciflora Waldst. & Kit Sternbergia colchiciflora Waldst. & Kit Stipa dasyphylla (Lindem.) Trautv. Stipa dasyphylla (Czern. ex Lindem) Trautv. NT Stipa eriocaulis Borbás Stipa eriocaulis C. Koch NT Stipa pulcherrima subsp. crassiculmis Stipa crassiculmis subsp. euroanatolica EN B1ab(iii)c(ii) EN C2a(ii) (P. A. Smirn.) Tzvelev EN B1ab(i) Martinovský Stipa transcarpatica Klokov Stipa transcarpatica Klokov Stipa zalesskii Wilensky Stipa smirnovii Martinovský Suaeda prostrata Pall. Suaeda prostrata Pall. H*, M RE M RE RE 96 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 96 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit VU B1a; B1c(ii) VU B2a; B2c(iii) + + EN C2a(i) CR CR B2a; B2c(i) B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + + + EN B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) EN A3cd CR C2a(i); D1 VU B2a(i,ii)b(i,iii,iv,v) EN B2a + + + VU + B1a; B1c(i) + EN B2a; B2c(ii) + + + VU + VU B2a(i,ii)b(i,iii,iv,v) + VU B2a(i,ii)b(i,iii,iv,v) + VU B2a(i,ii)b(i,iii,iv,v) CR B2a EN B2a; + + + + C2a(i) DD C2a(i); D + VU B2a; B2b(iv) + + RE + + + VU B2a; + + + C2a(i) RE + CR A2a; B2a + RE + EN C2a(ii) EN A4abcd + + + + CR + + + B2a; + + + + + + + + C2a(i); D VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) + RE + + + + + VU B2a; B2c(ii) RE + EN B2a; B2c(ii); C2a(ii) EN C2a(ii) RE 97 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 97 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit EN B1ab(iii,iv,v) EN B1a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v) Taraxacum gelertii Raunk. (sect. Naevosa) EN B2ab(iii,iv) Taraxacum gibberum Markl. (sect. Ruderalia) VU B2ab(iii,iv) Taraxacum kernianum Hagend. & al. EN B2ab(iii,iv) VU B2ab(iii) EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii) EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii) EN B2a(i,ii); D EN B1a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v) B2ab(iii) EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii) Succisella inflexa (Kluk) G. Beck Succisella inflexa (Kluk.) Beck Syringa josikaea J. Jacq. ex Rchb. Syringa josikaea J. Jacq. ex Rchb. Taraxacum austrinum G. E. Haglund Taraxacum austrinum G. E. Haglund (sect. Palustria) Taraxacum erythrocarpum Kirschner & Štěpánek (sect. Erythrocarpa) Taraxacum gelertii Raunk. Character LC B, E, H NT RE? (sect. Palustria) Taraxacum erythrocarpum E Kirschner & Štěpánek (sect. Erythrocarpa) (sect. Naevosa) Taraxacum gibberum Markl. (sect. Ruderalia) Taraxacum kernianum Hagend. & al. (sect. Hamata) Taraxacum maricum Vašut & al. (sect. Erythrosperma) Taraxacum nigricans (Kit.) Rchb. (sect. Alpestria) Taraxacum paludem-ornus Kirschner & Štepánek (sect. Palustria) Taraxacum pieninicum Pawł. (sect. Erythrocarpa) Taraxacum pseudohamatum Dahlst. (sect. Hamata) Taraxacum quadrans H. Ollg. (sect. Hamata) Taraxacum maricum Vašut & al. (sect. Erythrosperma) Taraxacum nigricans (Kit.) Rchb. E NT (sect. Alpestria) Taraxacum paludem-ornans EN B2ab(iii,iv) CR B2ab(ii); C2a(i); D CR B2ab(iii,iv) Taraxacum quadrans H. Øllg. (sect. Hamata) CR B2ab(iii,iv) Taraxacum quaesitum EN B2ab(iii) EN B2ab(iii,iv) EN B2ab(ii); D Kirschner & Štěpánek (sect. Palustria) Taraxacum pieninicum Pawł. E (sect. Erythrocarpa) Taraxacum pseudohamatum Dahlst. (sect. Hamata) (sect. Hamata) Taraxacum quaesitum Kirschner & Štěpánek (sect. Palustria) Taraxacum raunkiaeri Wiinst. (sect. Naevosa) Taraxacum rupicaprae Štěpánek & Kirschner Kirschner & Štěpánek (sect. Palustria) Taraxacum duplidentifrons Dahlst. (sect. Naevosa) Taraxacum rupicaprae Štěpánek & Kirschner (sect. Alpestria) (sect. Alpestria) Taraxacum serotinum (Waldst. & Kit.) LC Fisch. (sect. Dioszegia) Taraxacum serotinum (Waldst. & Kit.) Poir. Taraxacum serotinum (Waldst. & Kit.) Fisch. (sect. Dioszegia) Taraxacum subpolonicum Kirschner & Štěpánek (sect. Palustria) Taraxacum subpolonicum EN Kirschner & Štěpánek (sect. Palustria) Taxus baccata L. Taxus baccata L. Telekia speciosa (Schreb.) Baumg. Telekia speciosa (Schreb.) Baumg. LC LC Tephroseris crispa (Jacq.) Rchb. Tephroseris crispa (Jacq.) Rchb. LC Tephroseris integrifolia subsp. aurantiaca NT (Willd.) B. Nord. Tephroseris aurantiaca (Willd.) Griseb. & Schenk Senecio aurantiacus (Hoppe) Less. Tephroseris integrifolia (L.) Holub subsp. integrifolia Tephroseris longifolia subsp. moravica Senecio integrifolius (L.) Clairv. NT subsp. integrifolius Tephroseris longifolia subsp. moravica Holub E, H EN B2ab(iii,v)c(iv) EN B2a(i,ii)b(iii,v)c(iv) Tephroseris papposa (Rchb.) Schur EN A2ac; B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v); EN A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v); Holub Tephroseris papposa (Rchb.) Schur subsp. papposa subsp. papposa Teucrium botrys L. Teucrium botrys L. Teucrium scordium L. Teucrium scordium L. Thalictrum flavum L. Thalictrum flavum L. C2a(i) C2a(i) NT M NT EN A2cd NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) 98 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 98 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit + VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) + VU A4abcd + VU A4abcd + RE? + CR + EN B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) VU B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) VU B2a(ii)b(iii) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) EN B2a(ii)b(iii,iv) + B2a; C2a(i); D VU A3cd + DD + VU B2a; D1 + + EN A4ac; C2a(i) + + VU B2ab(i, ii, iii, iv, v) + + EN A4ac; C2a(i) EN EN A1abcd + + + B2a; EN B2a,b,c,d,e + + C2a(i) + + CR B2a; + C2a(i); D + + VU B2ab(i, ii, iv, v) + + VU + + + C2a(i) + + + + 99 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 99 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit VU B1a(i)b(iii) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) Thalictrum foetidum L. Thalictrum foetidum L. NT Thalictrum minus subsp. psudominus Thalictrum pseudominus Borbás NT Thalictrum simplex subsp. galioides NT (Borbás) Soó Thalictrum simplex subsp. galioides (DC.) Korsh. (DC.) Korsh. Thelypteris limbosperma (All.) H. P. Fuchs Oreopteris limbosperma (All.) Holub LC Thelypteris palustris Schott Thelypteris palustris Salisb. NT Thesium dollineri Murb. Thesium dollineri Murb. Thesium pyrenaicum Pourr. Thesium pyrenaicum Pourr. M, N Thymus longedentatus (Degen & Urum.) Thymus longedentatus (Degen & Urum.) Ronniger Thymus pulegioides subsp. pannonicus (All.) Kerguélen CR B2ab(iii) RE M RE RE? Ronniger Thymus pulegioides subsp. carniolicus CR B2ab(iii) D2 CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii) (Borbás) P. A. Schmidt Tofieldia pusilla (Michx.) Pers. Tofieldia pusilla (F. Michx.) Pers. VU VU D2(i,ii) Tordylium maximum L. Tordylium maximum L. NT EN B1a(i)b(iii) NT VU B2a(i,ii)c(iii,iv) CR A2ace; B2a(ii)b(iii,v); Trapa natans L. Trapa natans L. Traunsteinera globosa (L.) Rchb. Traunsteinera globosa (L.) Rchb. B, M Trientalis europaea L. Trientalis europaea L. NT Trifolium badium Schreb. Trifolium badium Schreb. NT LC Trifolium lupinaster L. EN A2ace; B1ab(iii,v) Trifolium lupinaster f. angustifolia Litw. Trifolium romanicum Brandza C2a(ii); D Trifolium pannonicum Jacq. Trifolium pannonicum Jacq. LC Trifolium retusum L. Trifolium retusum L. M NT Trifolium striatum L. Trifolium striatum L. M NT Trifolium vesiculosum Savi Trifolium vesiculosum Savi M, N CR B1ab(i) Triglochin maritima L. Triglochin maritima L. VU A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv,v) Triglochin palustris L. Triglochin palustre L. NT Trichophorum alpinum (L.) Pers. CR(PE) EN B1ab(iii) EN A2ac; B2ab(ii,iv,v); EN EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Baeothryon alpinum (L.) T. V. Egorova Trichophorum alpinum (L.) Pers. Trichophorum cespitosum (L.) Hartm. subsp. cespitosum Trichophorum pumilum (Vahl) Trichophorum cespitosum (L.) Hartm. subsp. cespitosum EN B2a(ii)b(iii) EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iv,v); A2ac; B2ab(iii) EN A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii) VU B1a(i)b(iii) EN B1a(i)b(iii) C2a(ii) Trichophorum pumilum (Vahl) Schinz & Thell. C2a(ii) Schinz & Thell. Trinia glauca (L.) Dumort. subsp. glauca Trinia glauca (L.) Dumort. subsp. glauca NT Trinia kitaibelii M. Bieb. EN B1ab(iii) VU C2a(i) Trinia ucrainica Schischk. Tripleurospermum tenuifolium (Kit.) Freyn Matricaria trichophylla (Boiss.) Boiss. Trollius europaeus L. s. l. Trollius europaeus L. Tulipa hungarica Borbás Tulipa hungarica Borbás Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm. Typha shuttleworthii LC B, E, H VU D2 Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm. M VU B1ab(i,iii,iv) EN B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv) Typha shuttleworthii W. D. J. Koch & Sond. B VU B1ab(i) CR B2a(i,ii)b(iii) A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv,v) EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v) VU B2a(i,ii)c(ii,iii,iv) W. D. J. Koch & Sond. Utricularia australis R.Br. Utricularia australis R. Br. NT Utricularia bremii Heer Utricularia bremii Heer DD Utricularia minor L. Utricularia minor L. VU Utricularia vulgaris L. NT Utricularia vulgaris L. Utricularia vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert Vaccaria hispanica subsp. grandiflora A CR B1ab(i) RE (Ser. ex DC.) Holub Vaccinium microcarpum (Rupr.) Schmalh. NT Oxycoccus microcarpus Turcz. ex Rupr. Vaccinium microcarpus (Turcz. ex Rupr.) CR B1a(i)b(iii) VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v) Schmalh. Vaccinium oxycoccos L. Oxycoccus palustris Pers. LC Vaccinium uliginosum L. subsp. uliginosum Vaccinium uliginosum L. subsp. uliginosum NT 100 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 100 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit + EN B2ab(i, ii, iv, v); + + C2a(i) + VU B2ab(i,ii,iii) + + + CR D1 + + + + VU B2a; B2c(iv) + + + RE? + + + + EN + + LC C2a(i) + + + + + VU + A2abcd + + VU CR C2b A2abcd + CR B1a; B1c(i); C2b + + VU B2a; + + + C2a(i) + + + + + RE + VU + A3cd + + + + + + + DD EN B2a; C2a(i) + + + VU + CR C2a(i) + + C2a(i) + + + RE + + RE C2a(i) VU C2a(i) VU A2a + VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + DD + RE? + + + RE + + + EN C2a(i) + + + + EN RE + + CR + EN A2abcd D2 + VU B2b(iii) + + + + + 101 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 101 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit B1ab(i) EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv); VU B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v); Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. Vaccinium vitis- idaea L. LC Valeriana dioica subsp. simplicifolia Valeriana simplicifolia (Rchb.) Kabath LC Valeriana officinalis L. subsp. sambucifolia LC (Rchb.) Nyman Valeriana officinalis subsp. sambucifolia. (J. C. Mikan) Čelak Valeriana tripteris subsp. austriaca E. Walther (J. C. Mikan) Čelak. Valeriana tripteris L. subsp. austriaca LC E. Walther Valerianella coronata (L.) DC. Valerianella coronata (L.) DC. M VU Veratrum album L. subsp. album Veratrum album L. subsp. album LC Veratrum nigrum L. Veratrum nigrum L. VU D2 Verbascum glabratum subsp. brandzae Verbascum glabratum Friv. subsp. brandzae VU B2ac(ii) C2b C2a(i); D1+D2(i) (D. Brândzǎ) Murb. Verbascum lychnitis subsp. moenchii (Franch. ex D. Brândză) Murb. Verbascum lychnitis subsp. moenchii (Schultz) Holub & Mladý (Schultz) Holub & Mladý Verbascum speciosum Schrad. Verbascum speciosum Schrad. M RE NT VU B1a(ii)b(iii) subsp. speciosum subsp. speciosum Veronica acinifolia L. Veronica acinifolia L. Veronica agrestis L. Veronica agrestis L. A, M NT CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(i,ii,iv,v) Veronica anagalloides Guss. Veronica anagalloides Guss. M, N NT VU B1a(i,ii)c(iii,iv,v) Veronica aphylla L. Veronica aphylla L. NT Veronica austriaca subsp. jacquinii Veronica jacquinii Baumg. VU CR A2ac; B2a(ii)b(iii,iv,v) EN B1a(i,ii)c(iii,iv,v) CR B1a(ii)b(iii) VU B1a(i)b(iii) EN B1ab(iii) A2ac; B1ab(iii,iv,v) RE (Baumg.) Eb. Fisch. Veronica bachofenii Heuff. Veronica bachofenii Heuffel NT Veronica bellidioides L. Veronica bellidioides L. EN Veronica catenata Pennell Veronica catenata Pennell Veronica fruticans Jacq. Veronica fruticans Jacq. LC Veronica incana subsp. pallens Pseudolysimachion incanum subsp. pallens CR (Host) Albach Veronica longifolia L. M, N B1ab(i) LC B1ab(iii) (Host) Trávníček Pseudolysimachion maritimum (L.) NT Á. Löve & D. Löve Veronica montana L. Veronica montana L. Veronica opaca Fr. Veronica opaca Fr. Veronica scardica Griseb. Veronica spicata subsp. fischeri (Trávn.) Albach LC A VU B1ab(i,iii) Veronica scardica Griseb. VU B2ab(iv) CR(PE) RE Pseudolysimachion spicatum subsp. fischeri VU B1ab(iii) VU VU B1ab(i,iii,iv) B1a(i)b(iii) Trávníček Veronica spuria L. Pseudolysimachion spurium subsp. foliosum M RE (Waldst. & Kit.) Holub Pseudolysimachion spurium (L.) Rauschert Veronica triloba (Opiz) Wiesb. Veronica triloba (Opiz) Opiz Veronica urticifolia Jacq. Veronica urticifolia Jacq. A, M DD EN LC VU A2ac; B2(i,ii)b(iii,iv) A2ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) Vicia lutea L. Vicia lutea L. VU C2a(ii) Vicia narbonensis L. Vicia narbonensis L. N CR B1ab(i) Vicia sparsiflora Ten. Vicia sparsiflora Ten. NT Vicia sylvatica L. Vicia sylvatica L. LC Vinca herbacea Waldst. & Kit. Vinca herbacea Waldst. & Kit. Viola alba Besser Viola alba Besser Viola alpina Jacq. Viola alpina Jacq. Viola ambigua Waldst. & Kit. Viola ambigua Waldst. & Kit. Viola biflora L. Viola biflora L. LC Viola dacica Borbás Viola dacica Borbás Viola elatior Fr. M NT VU B1a(i)b(iii,iv) VU B1a(ii)b(iii)+B2a(ii)b(iii) NT VU VU B2a(i)b(i); D2(i) EN A2ac; B2(ii)b(iii,iv) LC VU B2a(i)b(iii,v); C2a(i); Viola elatior Fr. NT CR A2ac; B2a(i)b(ii,iii,iv,v); Viola epipsila Ledeb. Viola epipsila Ledeb. VU B1ab(iii,v)c(iv) CR B2a(ii)b(iii,v) Viola grisebachiana Boiss. Viola grisebachiana Vis. VU B2ab(ii) Viola palustris L. subsp. palustris Viola palustris L. LC Viola persicifolia Schreb. Viola stagnina KIT. VU M B2ab(i); D2 NT D1+D2(i) C2a(ii) M B1ab(i,iii,iv) 102 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 102 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit + VU B2b(iii, iv); C1 + + + + CR B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) + + + + EN B2ab(ii,iii,iv) + + VU A3c; C2a(i) + + + VU + D2 + + + + + + VU B2a; B2c(ii) RE VU B1a(ii)b(iii) + + + + + + + + + + + EN A4abc + + + + + CR D EN C1 + + RE? + + + + + + + + + + + + + VU B2b(iii, iv) + CR B2a; C1 + + + + RE VU B2a; B2b(vi) + VU B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) + + VU B2a; + + C2a(i) VU C2a(ii) + RE + + + + VU A2ac + + + + + + + + + RE CR B1ab(iii,iv,v) + + + + EN A3c, d; B2ab (iii) VU + + + + + + + + + + + B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) + CR B2a; B2c(iv) VU + EN B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv) + + + + B1;D2 CR B2a; B2c(iii) + 103 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 103 27.8.2014 22:36:24 EuroMed name National name Character Carpathians Carpathians SK SK category criteria cat crit EN A2ac; B2a(ii)b(ii,iii,iv,v) Viola pumila Chaix Viola pumila Chaix NT Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris Vitis sylvestris C. C. Gmel. VU B1ac(iv) VU B1ab(i) RE (C. C. Gmel.) Hegi Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray M Waldsteinia ternata subsp. trifolia Waldsteinia teppneri Májovský CR B2ab(iii) CR B2a(ii)b(iii) Waldsteinia ternata subsp. magicii Májovský EN B2ab(ii,iii,v) EN B2a(i)b(ii,iii,v) B1ab(iv); D2 VU D2(i,ii) VU B1a(i)b(iii) (K. Koch) Teppner Waldsteinia ternata subsp. trifolia (K. Koch) Teppner Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Wimm. Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm. NT Woodsia alpina (Bolton) Gray Woodsia alpina (Bolton) Gray VU Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br. Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br. NT Woodsia pulchella Bertol. Woodsia glabella R. Br. subsp. pulchella EN C2b (Bertol.) A. & D. Lowe Xanthium spinosum L. Xanthium spinosum L. Xeranthemum cylindraceum Sm. Xeranthemum cylindraceum Sm. A, M, N NT EN A2ac; B2a(i,ii)b(iii,iv,v) A NT VU A2ac; B2a(i)b(iii,iv,v)c(iv) Legend: cat. – category, crit. – criteria, pres. – presence Table 2: Number of taxa proposed by individual Carpathian countries in the Red List of vascular plants of the Carpathians (according to status of database http://www.sopsr.sk/symfony-bioregio/botany to August 22nd, 2013). Country Czech republic Hungary Poland Romania Serbia Slovakia Ukraine Total number of taxa 26 539 198 187 106 1 001 195 Number of taxa included into Carpathian Red list 26 321 130 159 26 525 180 104 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 104 27.8.2014 22:36:24 SK HU HU HU PL PL PL UA UA UA RO RO RO RS RS RS CZ CZ pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit pres cat crit EN B2a; B2c(iv) + + + + + + + + + EN B2a; B2c(ii); C2a(i) + RE + CR B2a; DD EN A2; C2b EN D C2a(i) VU C1; D1 CR B2a(i); CR D + C2a(i); D EN + + + + C2b + + + + 105 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 105 27.8.2014 22:36:25 DRAFT CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF MOLLUSCS (MOLLUSCA) Compiled by Ľubomíra Vavrová Authors / Contributors: Ľubomíra Vavrová, Marek Čiliak, Jozef Šteffek† (Slovakia), Miklós G. Heltai, Zoltán Fehér (Hungary), Katarzyna Zając, Anna Zięcik, Monika Szewczyk, Piotr Mikolajczyk (Poland), Vasyl Chumak (Ukraine), Angela Banaduc (Romania) Background According to the latest IUCN European Red List of Non-marine Molluscs (Cutellod et al., 2011) in total 854 freshwater molluscs species (including 748 species endemic to Europe) and 1233 terrestrial molluscs species (including 1161 species endemic to Europe) were assessed using the IUCN Red List Criteria (IUCN 2001). Number of Carpathian species per category: Freshwater molluscs: EX (Extinct) – 5, CR (Critically Endangered) – 109, EN (Endangered) – 90, VU (Vulnerable) – 174, NT (Near Threatened) – 75, LC (Least Concern) – 190, DD (Data Deficient) – 211 Terrestrial molluscs: EX (Extinct) – 3, CR (Critically Endangered) – 53, EN (Endangered) – 51, VU (Vulnerable) – 142, NT (Near Threatened) – 182, LC (Least Concern) – 677, DD (Data Deficient) – 125 The following mollusc species that occur in the Carpathians are listed also in the European list of threatened species (categories EU / EU27): Theodoxus prevostianus (EN / EN), Theodoxus transversalis (EN / EN), Unio crassus (VU / VU), Vertigo angustior (VU / VU), Vertigo moulinsiana (VU / VU), Agardhiella tuned (VU / VU), Bythinella molcsany (VU / VU), Xerocampylaea zelebori (LC / VU). Executive summary In total 357 molluscs species occurring in the Carpathians were assessed according to the IUCN Red List Criteria (IUCN 2001). Considering the recent knowledge about the species populations size and trends and their habitat quality 37 taxa in total were classified as threatened. These taxa were classified in the following categories: CR (1 taxon) - Theodoxus prevostianus EN (6 taxa) – Alopia maciana, Bythinella molcsanyi, Quickella arenaria, Theodoxus transversalis, Unio crassus, Valvata macrostoma VU (30 taxa) – Agardhiella tunde, Alopia bielzi clathrata, A. b. madensis, A. meschendorferi, A. petrensis, A. pomatias, Alzoniella slovenica, Bythinella calimanica, B. viseuiana, B. blidariensis, B. georgievi, B. falniowski, B. feheri, B. sirbui, B. szarowskae, Cochlicopa nitens, Cochlodina fimbriata remota, Faustina cingulella, F. rossmäessleri, Gyraulus rossmäessleri, Helicigona kiralikoeica, Petasina filicina, Pisidium moitessierianum, P. pseudosphaerium, P. tenuilineatum, Pseudanodonta complanata, Pupilla sterrii, Terrestribythinella baidashnikovi, Theodoxus danubialis, Troglovitrea argintarui In total 46 taxa are considered as endemic to the Carpathians. In total 9 taxa are of the European Importance and are listed in Annexes of the Habitats Directive. Annex II – Vertigo angustior, V. geyeri, V. moulinsiana Annex IV – Theodoxus prevostianus Annex II and Annex IV – Anisus vorticulus, Bythinella pannonica, Drobacia banatica, Theodoxus transversalis, Unio crassus Bithynia leachii is classified as DD (Data Deficient) due to the fact that in the past the species was confused with B. troschelii. Although there is Oxyloma dunkeri included in the list and classified as LC, it is not confirmed that this species occurs in the Carpathians. Spelaeodiscus triarius needs taxonomic revision and therefore is classified as DD. There were several factors that have impact on the final classification of the species status in the Carpathians. The most important factor was lack of recent data on molluscs occurrence in the Carpathians and lack of experts to consult the species status at the national level. To overcome these difficulties personal records of authors and their expert opinion were applied in classification of species with absent data. Therefore the presented Red List of Molluscs for Carpathians needs to be considered as a draft list. To elaborate a list based on scientific knowledge it is necessary to focus on research and data collecting. It is also necessary to train national experts on applicati- 106 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 106 27.8.2014 22:36:25 on of the IUCN Red List Criteria to ensure that species classification at national level will be comparable for all relevant countries. Red List Criteria. Overview of the status of molluscs ofthe Carpathians is in Table 1. References Assessment methodology Standard methodology for application of the IUCN Red List Criteria (IUCN 2001) at regional level was used for the species classification. Based on the available data a list of the Carpathian molluscs was elaborated. The list was consulted with experts from the region. For the assessment the following rules were set up: - all species with confirmed occurrence in the Carpathians were classified; - invasive and non-native species were not classified; - subspecies were classified only exceptionally; - if no published data available an expert opinion and personal database (if existing) were used for the species assessment. There were complications in application of the IUCN methodology at national level. For the future assessment it is necessary to secure that the same methodology is correctly applied at national levels and that the data are comparable. This can be done through a training of national experts on using the IUCN methodology. Taxonomic scope / Habitats categorisation On the list there are 24 species that are not listed in Fauna Europea. In addition to that a note on the species synonym is included for 9 species. Major threats Main threats to mollusc species in the Carpathians are: - logging and removing of dead wood from forests (threatened are mainly species strictly or very much bound to forests, e.g. Cochlodina fimbriata remota, Faustina rossmäessleri; - changes in character of water bodies and sediments (main threat to Theodoxus transversalis, T. danubialis, T. prevostianus, Unio crassus); - degradation of wetlands (e.g. Cochlicopa nitens); - degradation of specific habitats, e.g. springs (genus Bythinella sp.). Conservation/conservation management It is very important to regularly monitor the species, their population size and trends as well as quality of their habitats. Priority should be given to species classified as threatened (category CR, EN, and VU) and those of the European and national importance. As mentioned above the presented list is a draft based on recently available data and knowledge that are in many cases not sufficient for objective assessment. Future research should be focused also on collecting data necessary for the species classification according to the IUCN BERAN, L. (2002). Aquatic molluscs of the Czech Republic – distribution and its changes, habitats, dispersal, threat and protection, Red List. Sborník přírodovědného klubu v Uh. Hradišti, Supplementum 10, 258 pp. CUTTELOD, A., SEDDON, M. & NEUBERT, E. (2011). European Red List of Non-marine Molluscs. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. DELI, T. & SUBAI, P. (2011). Revision der Vitrea-Arten der Südkarpaten Rumäniens mit Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Pristilomatidae). Contrib. Nat. Hist. 19: 1–53. DVOŘÁKOVÁ, J., LOŽEK, V., HORSÁK, M. & PECHANEC, V. (2011). Atlas rozšíření suchozemských plžů v CHKO Bílé Karpaty. Acta Carpathica Occidentalis, Supplementum 1, 124 pp. FALNIOWSKI, A., SZAROWSKA, M. & SIRBU, I. (2009). Bythinella Moquin-Tandon, 1856 (Gastropoda: Rissooidea: Bythinellidae) in Romania: its morphology with description of four new species. Folia Malacol. 17: 33–48. FEHÉR, Z., NÉMETH, L., NICOARĂ, A. & SZEKERES, M. (2013). Molecular phylogeny of the land snail genus Alopia (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) reveals multiple inversions of chirality. ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY 167: 259-272. FEHÉR, Z., TRIF, C. & VARGA, A. (2008). A malacofaunistical study of Maramureş county, Romania with some taxonomical and conservation notes. STUD UNIV VASILE GOLDIS 18 suppl.: 153-165. FEHÉR, Z., VARGA, A., DELI, T. & DOMOKOS, T. (2009). Geographic distribution and genital morphology of the genera Lozekia Hudec, 1970 and Kovacsia Nordsieck, 1993 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Hygromiidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 85: 151-160. GLÖER, P. (2013). New Bythinella species from Northern Romania (Gastropoda: Rissooidea). Folia Malacologica, 21(2): 55-66. GROSSU, A. V. (1981). Gastropoda Romaniae. Vol. 3. Suprafamiliile Clausiliacea şi Achatinacea. Bucureşti, 269 pp. GROSSU, A. V. (1983). Gastropoda Romaniae. Vol. 4. Suprafamiliile Arionacea, Zonitacea, Ariophantacea şi Helicacea. Bucuresti, 564 pp. GROSSU, A. V. (1986). Gastropoda Romaniae I. Opistobranchia. Academiei Republicii Populare Romine, Bucuresti. HORSÁK, M., JUŘIČKOVÁ, L., BERAN, L., ČEJKA, T. & DVOŘÁK, L. (2010). Annotated list of molluscs species 107 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 107 27.8.2014 22:36:25 recorded outdoors in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Malacologica Bohemoslovaca, Suppl. 1, p. 1-37. IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. LIKHAREV, I. M. & RAMMELMEIER, E. S. (1962). Terrestrial Molluscs of the Fauna of the U.S.S.R., Jerusalem, Israel Prog. Sci. Translations, 574 pp. LISICKÝ, M. J. (1991). Mollusca Slovenska. Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 341 pp. PINTÉR, L. & SUARA, R. (2004). Magyarországi puhatestűek katalógusa: hazai malakológusok gyűjtései alapján. (Fehér Z., Gubányi A. (szerk.): A magyarországi puhatestűek elterjedése; II.). Budapest: Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum, 547 pp. SOÓS, L. (1940). Adatok az Északkeleti Kárpátok Mollusca-faunájának ismeretéhez [A contribution to the Mollusc fauna of the North Eastern Carpathians]. Állattani Közlemények, 37: 140-154. SOÓS, L. (1943). A Kárpát-medence Mollusca-faunája. In: Magyarország természetrajza, I. Állattani rész. Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, Budapest, pp. 1-478. SUBAI, P. (2011). Revision of the Argnidae, 2. The species of Agardhiella from the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Pupilloidea). Archiv für Molluskenkunde Peter 140(1): 77-121. ŠTEFFEK, J., NAGEL, K.-O. & VAVROVÁ, Ľ. (2006). Ecology, distribution and conservation of mussels (Unionidae, Dreissenidae and Corbiculidae) in the Slovak Republic. TU Zvolen, Fakulta ekológie a environmentalistiky, 91 pp. VAVROVÁ, Ľ. (2009). Ekosozologická typizácia malakofauny Slovenska s využitím GIS. Dizertačná práca, Ústav ekológie lesa SAV, Zvolen, 90 pp. + mapová príloha. WAGNER, J. (1942a). Malakozoologische Mitteilungen aus den Ost-Karpaten. Fragmenta Faunistica Hungarica, 5: 30–31. WAGNER, J. (1942b). Neue Beiträge zur Kenntnis der MolluskenFauna Siebenbürgens und des Partiums. Mathematikai és Természettudományi Értesítő, 61: 385399. WAGNER, J. (1943). Az 1942. évi erdélyi kutatóutak malakológiai eredményei. Állattani Közlemények, 40: 35–49. 108 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 108 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Table 1: Overview of the status of molluscs of the Carpathians Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Abida secale secale (Draparnaud, 1801) DD Acanthinula aculeata (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Acicula parcelineata (Clessin, 1911) LC Acroloxus lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Aegopinella epipedostoma (Fagot, 1879) NT Aegopinella minor (Stabile, 1864) LC Aegopinella nitens (Michaud, 1831) LC Aegopinella pura (Alder, 1830) LC Agardhiella parreyssii armata (Clessin, 1887) LC Agardhiella banatica (Zilch, 1958) NT Agardhiella parreyssii caesa (Westerlund, 1876) LC Agardhiella crassilabris (Grossu & Negrea, 1968) NT Agardhiella domokosi Subai, 2011 LC Agardhiella grossui (Zilch, 1958) NT Agardhiella incerta Grossu, 1987 LC Agardhiella lamellata (Clessin, 1887) LC Agardhiella reinhardti (Zilch, 1958) NT Agardhiella serbica Subai, 2011 NT Agardhiella tunde Deli, 2010 VU Alinda (Alinda) biplicata (Montagu, 1803) LC Alinda (Pseudalinda) stabilis (L. Pfeiffer, 1847) LC Alopia (Alopia) bielzii (L. Pfeiffer, 1849) LC YES YES YES YES D2 YES Alopia (Alopia) bielzii bielzii (L. Pfeiffer, 1849) LC YES Alopia (Alopia) bielzii clathrata (E.A. Bielz, 1856) VU YES Alopia (Alopia) bielzii madensis (C. Fuss, 1855) VU YES Alopia (Alopia) bielzii tenuis (E.A. Bielz, 1861) DD YES Alopia (Alopia) bogatensis (E.A. Bielz, 1856) NT YES Alopia (Alopia) canescens M. von Kimakowicz, 1883 LC YES Alopia (Alopia) fussi (M. von Kimakowicz, 1894) NT YES Alopia glauca (Bielz, 1853) NT YES Alopia (Alopia) glorifica (Charpentier, 1852) LC YES Alopia (Alopia) helenae R. von Kimakowicz, 1928 LC YES Alopia (Alopia) hildegardae NT YES Alopia (Alopia) lischkeana (Charpentier, 1852) LC YES Alopia (Alopia) livida (Menke, 1828) LC YES Alopia maciana Badarau & Szekeres, 2001 EN B2aC(iv) Alopia (Alopia) meschendorferi (E.A. Bielz, 1858) VU D2 R. von Kimakowicz, 1931 YES Alopia (Alopia) nefasta (M. von Kimakowicz, 1894) NT YES Alopia (Alopia) nixa (M. von Kimakowicz, 1894) NT YES Alopia petrensis Nordsieck, 1996 VU synonym Alopia fussi D2 Alopia (Alopia) plumbea (Rossmässler, 1839) LC YES Alopia soosiana Agócsy & Pócs, 1961 DD YES Alopia (Alopia) straminicollis (Charpentier, 1852) LC YES Alopia (Alopia) subcosticollis (A. Schmidt, 1858) LC YES Alopia (Alopia) zagani Szekeres, 1969 DD YES 109 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 109 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Alopia (Kimakowiczia) glauca (E.A. Bielz, 1853) NT Alopia (Kimakowiczia) pomatias (L. Pfeiffer, 1868) VU B2ac(i)(iii) synonym Alopia cyclostoma Alzoniella (Alzoniella) slovenica VU (Lozek & Brtek, 1964) Ancylus fluviatilis O.F. Muller, 1774 LC Anisus (Anisus) leucostoma (Millet, 1813) LC Anisus (Anisus) septemgyratus (Rossmassler, 1835) NT Anisus (Anisus) spirorbis (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Anisus (Disculifer) vortex (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Anisus (Disculifer) vorticulus (Troschel, 1834) DD Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758) NT Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758) NT Aplexa hypnorum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Argna bielzi (Rossmassler, 1859) LC Arianta aethiops aethiops (M. Bielz, 1851) LC Arianta arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Arianta hessei (M. von Kimakowicz, 1883) NT Arion (Arion) lusitanicus J. Mabille, 1868 LC Arion (Arion) rufus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Arion (Carinarion) circumscriptus Johnston, 1828 LC Arion (Carinarion) fasciatus (Nilsson, 1823) LC II, IV YES YES synonym Arion vulgare Arion hortensis Férussac, 1819 LC Arion (Carinarion) silvaticus Lohmander, 1937 LC Arion (Kobeltia) distinctus J. Mabille, 1868 LC Arion (Mesarion) fuscus (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Balea fallax (Rossmässler, 1836) LC Balea jugularis (Vest, 1859) LC Balea perversa (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Balea viridana (Rossmässler, 1836) LC Bathyomphalus contortus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Bielzia coerulans (M. Bielz, 1851) LC Bithynia leachii (Sheppard, 1823) DD YES in the past very often confused with Bithynia troschelii Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Bithynia troschelii (Paasch, 1842) DD Boettgerilla pallens Simroth, 1912 LC Borysthenia naticina (Menke, 1845) DD Bulgarica (Strigilecula) cana (Held, 1836) LC Bulgarica rugicollis (Rossmässler, 1836) LC Bulgarica vetusta (Rossmässler, 1836) LC Bythinella austriaca (Frauenfeld, 1857) LC Bythinella calimanica Falniowski, VU D2 YES Szarowska & Sirbu, 2009 110 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 110 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Bythinella dacica Grossu, 1946 NT YES Bythinella grossui Falniowski, NT YES Szarowska & Sirbu, 2009 Bythinella molcsanyi H. Wagner, 1941 EN Bythinella pannonica (Frauenfeld, 1865) LC Bythinella radomanii Falniowski, NT B2ab(iii) YES II, IV YES Szarowska & Sirbu, 2009 Bythinella viseuiana Falniowski, VU D2 YES Bythinella blidariensis Gloer, 2013 VU D2 YES Bythinella georgievi Gloer, 2013 VU D2 YES Bythinella falniowskii Gloer, 2013 VU D2 YES Bythinella feheri Gloer, 2013 VU D2 YES Bythinella sirbui Gloer, 2013 VU D2 YES Bythinella szarowskae Gloer, 2013 VU D2 YES Candidula unifasciata (Poiret, 1801) DD Carpathica (Carpathica) calophana NT Szarowska & Sirbu, 2009 YES (Westerlund, 1881) Carpathica stussineri (A.J.Wagner, 1895) DD Carychium (Carychium) minimum LC O.F. Muller, 1774 Carychium (Saraphia) tridentatum (Risso, 1826) LC Causa holosericea (S. Studer, 1820) NT Cecilioides (Cecilioides) acicula (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Cecilioides (Cecilioides) petitiana (Benoit, 1862) DD Cellariopsis deubeli (A.J. Wagner, 1914) LC Cepaea (Austrotachea) vindobonensis LC (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) Cepaea (Cepaea) hortensis (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Cepaea (Cepaea) nemoralis (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Clausilia (Andraea) dubia Draparnaud, 1805 LC Clausilia (Clausilia) cruciata (S. Studer, 1820) LC Clausilia (Clausilia) pumila C. Pfeiffer, 1828 LC Clausilia (Clausilia) rugosa parvula LC A. Ferussac, 1807 Cochlicopa lubrica (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Cochlicopa lubricella (Rossmassler, 1834) LC Cochlicopa nitens (M. von Gallenstein, 1848) VU Cochlodina (Cochlodina) laminata (Montagu, 1803) LC Cochlodina (Paracochlodina) marisi LC B2ab(iii) (A. Schmidt, 1868) Cochlodina (Paracochlodina) cerata LC (Rossmassler, 1836) Cochlodina (Paracochlodina) orthostoma LC (Menke, 1828) Cochlodina (Stabilea) fimbriata remota Lozek, 1952 VU Columella aspera Walden, 1966 D2 DD 111 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 111 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Columella columella (G. von Martens, 1830) NT Columella edentula (Draparnaud, 1805) LC Corbicula fluminalis (O. F. Muller, 1774) LC Daudebardia (Daudebardia) brevipes LC (Draparnaud, 1805) Daudebardia langi (Pfeiffer, 1846) DD Daudebardia nana (Grossu, 1969) DD Daudebardia (Daudebardia) rufa (Draparnaud, 1805) LC synonym D. cavicola Deroceras (Deroceras) agreste (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Deroceras (Liolytopelte) bureschi (H. Wagner, 1934) DD Deroceras (Deroceras) laeve (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Deroceras occidentale (Grossu & Lupu, 1966) DD Deroceras (Deroceras) praecox Wiktor, 1966 LC Deroceras (Deroceras) reticulatum LC (O.F. Muller, 1774) Deroceras (Deroceras) rodnae Grossu & Lupu, 1965 LC Deroceras (Deroceras) sturanyi (Simroth, 1894) LC Deroceras (Deroceras) turcicum (Simroth, 1894) LC Deroceras zilchi Grossu, 1969 DD Deroceras (Liolytopelte) moldavicum LC (Grossu & Lupu, 1961) Discus (Discus) ruderatus (W. Hartmann, 1821) LC Discus (Gonyodiscus) perspectivus LC (Megerle von Muhlfeld, 1816) Discus (Gonyodiscus) rotundatus (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Drobacia banatica (Rossmassler, 1838) LC Ena montana (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Fagotia esperi (A. Férussac, 1823) NT Eucobresia diaphana (Draparnaud, 1805) DD Eucobresia nivalis (Dumont & Mortillet, 1854) DD Euconulus (Euconulus) fulvus (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Euconulus (Euconulus) praticola (Reinhardt, 1883) LC II, IV Euomphalia strigella (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Faustina cingulella (Rossmassler, 1837) VU B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) Faustina faustina (Rossmassler, 1835) LC Faustina rossmaessleri (L. Pfeiffer, 1842) VU B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) Fruticicola fruticum (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Galba (Galba) truncatula (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Graciliaria inserta (A. & J.B. Villa, 1841) DD Granaria frumentum (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Gyraulus acronicus (A. Férussac, 1807) DD Gyraulus (Armiger) crista (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Gyraulus (Gyraulus) albus (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Gyraulus (Lamorbis) rossmaessleri (Auerswald, 1852) VU Gyraulus (Torquis) laevis (Alder, 1838) LC Gyraulus riparius (Westerlund, 1865) DD B2ab(iii) 112 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 112 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Helicigona balcanica (Kobelt, 1875) DD Helicigona kiralikoeica (Kimakowicz, 1890) VU Helicigona kollari (Pfeiffer, 1856) DD Helicigona trizona (Rossmässler, 1834) LC Helicodonta obvoluta (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Helicopsis cereoflava (M. Bielz, 1851) LC Helicopsis instabilis (Rossmässler, 1838) LC Helicopsis striata (Müller, 1774) NT Helix lucorum Linnaeus, 1758 LC Helix (Helix) lutescens Rossmassler, 1837 LC Helix (Helix) pomatia Linnaeus, 1758 LC Herilla ziegleri (Kuster, 1845) NT Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Amphimelania holandrii (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) NT D2 YES III synonym Holandriana holandrii Chondrina arcadica clienta (Westerlund, 1883) LC Chondrina tatrica Lozek, 1948 NT Mastus bielzi (M. von Kimakowicz, 1890) LC Chondrula tridens (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Isognomostoma isognomostomos (Schroter, 1784) LC Kovacsia kovacsi (Varga & L. Pinter, 1972) LC synonym Chondrula bielzi Laciniaria plicata (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Laciniaria pseudostabilis (Westerlund, 1901) DD Lehmannia horezia Grossu & Lupu, 1962 DD Lehmannia jaroslaviae Grossu, 1967 DD Lehmannia macroflagellata Grossu & Lupu, 1962 NT Lehmannia marginata (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Lehmannia medioflagellata Lupu, 1968 DD Lehmannia nyctelia (Bourguignat, 1861) LC Lehmannia valentiana (Férussac, 1822) DD Lehmannia vrancensis Lupu, 1973 DD Limacus flavus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Limax cinereoniger Wolf, 1803 LC Limax maximus Linnaeus, 1758 LC Lithoglyphus naticoides (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) LC Lozekia deubeli (M. von Kimakowicz, 1890) LC Lozekia transsylvanica (Westerlund, 1876) LC Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Macedonica frauenfeldi (Rossmässler, 1856) LC Macedonica marginata (Rossmässler, 1835) LC Macrogastra (Macrogastra) ventricosa LC YES (Draparnaud, 1801) Macrogastra (Pyrostoma) borealis (O. Boettger, 1878) LC Macrogastra (Pyrostoma) borealis bielzi LC H. Nordsieck, 1993 113 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 113 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Macrogastra (Pyrostoma) plicatula LC (Draparnaud, 1801) Macrogastra (Pyrostoma) tumida (Rossmassler, 1836) LC Malacolimax tenellus (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Mastus transsylvanicus M. von Kimakowicz, 1883 LC Mastus venerabilis (L. Pfeiffer, 1855) LC Mediterranea depressa (Sterki, 1880) LC Mediterranea inopinata (Ulicny, 1887) LC Merdigera obscura (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Fagotia (Microcolpia) daudebartii (Prevost, 1821) NT synonym Esperiana daudebartii Monacha (Monacha) cartusiana (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Monachoides incarnatus (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Monachoides vicinus (Rossmassler, 1842) LC Morlina glabra (Rossmassler, 1835) LC Musculium lacustre (O. F. Muller, 1774) LC Nesovitrea (Perpolita) hammonis (Strom, 1765) LC Nesovitrea (Perpolita) petronella (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) NT Oligolimax annularis (S. Studer, 1820) LC Orcula dolium (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Orcula jetschini M. von Kimakowicz, 1883 LC Oxychilus (Oxychilus) cellarius (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Oxychilus (Oxychilus) draparnaudi (H. Beck, 1837) LC Schistophallus (Schistophallus) oscari DD (M. von Kimakowicz, 1883) Oxyloma (Oxyloma) elegans (Risso, 1826) LC Oxyloma dunkeri (Pfeiffer, 1865) LC Pagodulina pagodula (Des Moulins, 1830) DD Perforatella bidentata (Gmelin, 1791) LC Perforatella dibothrion (M. von Kimakowicz, 1884) LC Petasina (Edentiella) bakowskii (Polinski, 1924) LC Petasina (Filicinella) bielzi (E.A. Bielz, 1859) LC synonym Trochulus bielzi Petasina (Filicinella) filicina (L. Pfeiffer, 1841) VU Petasina (Petasina) unidentata (Draparnaud, 1805) LC Physa fontinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) NT Pisidium amnicum (O. F. Muller, 1774) NT Pisidium casertanum (Poli, 1791) LC Pisidium globulare Westerlund, 1873 DD Pisidium henslowanum (Sheppard, 1823) LC Pisidium hibernicum Westerlund, 1894 LC Pisidium milium Held, 1836 LC Pisidium moitessierianum Paladilhe, 1866 VU Pisidium nitidum Jenyns, 1832 LC Pisidium obtusale (Lamarck, 1818) LC Pisidium personatum Malm, 1855 LC Pisidium pseudosphaerium J. Favre, 1927 VU D2 B2ab(iii) D2 114 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 114 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Pisidium pulchellum Jenyns, 1832 DD Pisidium subtruncatum Malm, 1855 LC Pisidium supinum A. Schmidt, 1851 LC Pisidium tenuilineatum Stelfox, 1918 VU Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Planorbis (Planorbis) carinatus O.F. Muller, 1774 LC Planorbis (Planorbis) planorbis (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Platyla banatica (Rossmässler, 1842) LC Platyla microsphira (Pini, 1884) DD Platyla perpusilla (Reinhardt, 1880) LC Platyla polita (W. Hartmann, 1840) LC Platyla similis (Reinhardt, 1880) LC Pomatias rivularis (Eichwald, 1829) LC Prostenomphalia carpathica Baidashnikov, 1985 DD Pseudanodonta complanata (Rossmassler, 1835) VU Pseudofusulus varians (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) NT Pseudotrichia rubiginosa (Rossmassler, 1838) LC D2 A2ace+A4ace Punctum (Punctum) pygmaeum (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Pupilla (Pupilla) alpicola (Charpentier, 1837) LC Pupilla (Pupilla) bigranata (Rossmassler, 1839) LC Pupilla (Pupilla) muscorum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Pupilla pratensis (Clessin, 1871) DD Pupilla (Pupilla) sterrii (Voith, 1840) VU Pupilla (Pupilla) triplicata (S. Studer, 1820) LC Pyramidula pusilla (Vallot, 1801) LC Quickella arenaria (Potiez & Michaud, 1835) EN Radix ampla (W. Hartmann, 1821) LC Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Radix balthica (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Radix labiata (Rossmassler, 1835) LC Ruthenica filograna (Rossmassler, 1836) LC Ruthenica gallinae (E. A. Bielz, 1861) DD Segmentina nitida (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Semilimacella bonelli (Targioni Tozzetti, 1873) LC Semilimax kotulae (Westerlund, 1883) NT Semilimax semilimax (J. Ferussac, 1802) LC Soosia diodonta (A. Ferussac, 1821) NT Spelaeodiscus triarius (Rossmässler, 1839) DD B1a(i)b(iii) B1+2ab(iii) taxon revision is needed Spelaeodiscus (Aspasita) triarius tatricus DD (Hazay, 1883) taxon revision is needed Sphaerium corneum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Sphaerium nucleus (Studer, 1820) DD Sphaerium ovale (A. Férussac, 1807) LC Sphaerium rivicola (Lamarck, 1818) NT Sphyradium doliolum (Bruguiere, 1792) LC Stagnicola corvus (Gmelin, 1791) LC 115 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 115 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Stagnicola palustris (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Succinea putris (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Succinella oblonga (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Tandonia budapestensis (Hazay, 1880) LC Tandonia rustica (Millet, 1843) DD Terrestribythinella baidashnikovi Sitnokova, VU D2 Theodoxus danubialis (Pfeiffer, 1828) VU B2b(i,iii,iv,v) Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Starobogatov & V. Anistratenko, 1992 Theodoxus prevostianus (Pfeiffer, 1828) CR A4,B1, B2ab(iii,iv) Theodoxus (Theodoxus) transversalis EN B2ab(iii) Troglovitrea argintarui Negrea & Riedel, 1968 VU D2 Trochulus bielzi (A. Schmidt, 1860) LC Trochulus (Plicuteria) lubomirskii (Slosarski, 1881) LC IV II, IV (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) Trochulus (Trochulus) hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Trochulus (Trochulus) striolatus danubialis LC YES (Clessin, 1874) Trochulus (Trochulus) villosulus (Rossmassler, 1838) LC Truncatellina callicratis (Scacchi, 1833) DD Truncatellina claustralis (Gredler, 1856) LC Truncatellina costulata (Nilsson, 1823) NT Truncatellina cylindrica (A. Ferussac, 1807) LC Truncatellina opisthodon (Reinhardt, 1879) DD Unio crassus Philipson, 1788 EN Unio pictorum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Unio tumidus Philipson, 1788 NT Urticicola umbrosus (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) LC Vallonia costata (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Vallonia declivis Sterki, 1893 DD Vallonia enniensis (Gredler, 1856) NT Vallonia excentrica Sterki, 1893 LC Vallonia pulchella (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Valvata (Tropidina) macrostoma Morch, 1864 EN Valvata (Valvata) cristata O.F. Muller, 1774 LC Vertigo (Vertigo) alpestris Alder, 1838 LC Vertigo (Vertigo) antivertigo (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Vertigo (Vertigo) geyeri Lindholm, 1925 NT YES A2ace II, IV B2ab(iii, iv) II Vertigo (Vertigo) modesta arctica (Wallenberg, 1858) LC Vertigo (Vertigo) moulinsiana (Dupuy, 1849) NT Vertigo (Vertigo) pusilla O.F. Muller, 1774 LC Vertigo (Vertigo) pygmaea (Draparnaud, 1801) LC Vertigo (Vertigo) substriata (Jeffreys, 1833) LC Vertigo (Vertilla) angustior Jeffreys, 1830 LC Vestia (Vestia) elata (Rossmassler, 1836) LC Vestia (Vestia) gulo (E.A. Bielz, 1859) LC II II 116 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 116 27.8.2014 22:36:25 Taxon Category Criteria Endemic to Habitats Bern Note Carpathians Directive Convention Vestia (Vestia) turgida (Rossmassler, 1836) LC Vitrea botterii (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) LC Vitrea contracta (Westerlund, 1871) LC Vitrea crystallina (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Vitrea diaphana (S. Studer, 1820) LC Vitrea erjaveci (Brusina, 1870) LC synonym Vitrea diaphana erjaveci Vitrea jetschini (Kimakowicz, 1890) LC Vitrea subcarinata (Clessin, 1877) LC Vitrea subrimata (Reinhardt, 1871) LC Vitrea szekeresi Deli & Subai, 2011 LC Vitrea transsylvanica (Clessin, 1877) LC Vitrina pellucida (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Viviparus acerosus Bourguignat, 1862 LC Viviparus contectus (Millet, 1813) LC Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Xerocampylaea zelebori (Pfeiffer, 1853) LC Xerolenta obvia (Menke, 1828) LC Zebrina detrita (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC Zonitoides (Zonitoides) nitidus (O.F. Muller, 1774) LC 117 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 117 27.8.2014 22:36:25 RED LIST OF SPIDERS (ARANEAE) OF THE CARPATHIAN MTS. Compiled by Peter Gajdoš (Slovakia) Authors / Contributors: Peter Gajdoš (Slovakia), Liviu Aurel Moscaliuc (Romania), Robert Rozwałka (Poland), Anna Hirna (Ukraine), Zdeněk Majkus (Czech Republic), András Gubányi, Miklós Gábor Heltai (Hungary), Jaroslav Svatoň (Czech Republic, Slovakia) Introduction Methods of Assessments Spiders, as an integral part of global biodiversity, are very important component of almost all ecosystems where they play many important roles as predators and sources of food for other creatures. Spiders as a group are used as bio-indicators of environmental quality or in rapid biodiversity measurement. Many spider species are dependent on original natural ecosystems and their primary threat is habitat loss and degradation caused mainly by human activities and factors as urban development, land-use management, pollution, introduction of alien species, collection in some cases, etc. There are also groups of spiders which are threatened; however, data on their species are very poor or absolutely missing. In spite of above mentioned facts, spiders receive relatively little attention from the conservation community. Considering the high diversity of species presented by 44 450 described species in the world (PLATNICK 2014), only 32 spider species are listed in global Red List of IUCN (IUCN 2013) and only 1 of them lives in the Carpathians (Dolomedes plantarius VU). The following four steps were used to process the existing data on spider species (class Arachnida: order Araneae) present in the Carpathian region in Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia: Red list assessments of the European spider fauna with 4 913 described species (HELSDINGEN 2013) are not elaborated yet and only Red lists of some European countries are published. Considering Carpathian countries, the Red Lists exist in the Czech Republic (BUCHAR, RUŽIČKA 2002 and 2005), Poland (STARĘGA at al. 2002), and Slovakia (GAJDOŠ, SVATOŇ 1993, GAJDOŠ et al. 1999 and GAJDOŠ, SVATOŇ 2001). There also is the Red Book of Ukraine Carpathians with one spider Carpathonesticus galotshkai red listed (EVTUSHENKO 2011) and the red book of former Czechoslovakia with 30 listed spider species (BUCHAR 1992). Few species have a legal protection safeguarded; in Hungary (15 species, only one from Carpathians), in Poland (7 species, including four found in Carpathian Mts.) and Slovakia (15 species, 13 from Carpathians). Considering the whole Carpathian Mountains, there is only the Carpathian List of Endangered Species (WITKOWSKI et al. 2003) which includes spiders very marginally. It lists only 17 species in total and with many incorrect data. 1. Documenting spider fauna in the studied Carpathian Mts. Any data available were used, literature sources (see literature), spider collections in museums, individually owned databases and also own unpublished data. (In order to find out whether the species belongs to the Carpathians, an intersection of GIS layer of orographic units and a point GIS layer of studied sites was carried out.) 2. Preparing the national Carpathian Red Lists by experts from individual Carpathian countries. All the spider species recorded in the Carpathian part of individual countries were evaluated according to the IUCN criteria (IUCN 2013) and classified as Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), Near Threatened (NT), Least Concern (LC) and Data deficient (DD). 3. Uploading of data in the specifically designed online database for the purposes of BioREGIO Carpathians project. National data were entered into database as well as submitted in an Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. 4. Preparing the whole Carpathian Red List. All the 1 067 spider species documented in the Carpathian orogeographic units were evaluated according to the listing in the national red lists, taking into consideration the IUCN criteria for higher (Carpathian) level. The taxa in categories VU, EN, CR, RE, were selected as a basis for elaboration of the draft Carpathian Red List. Final categorisation (VU, EN, CR, RE) of the threatened species on Carpathian level was done on the basis of common consultations and discussions of the project partners. Check list and also Red List of the Serbian Carpathians was developed based on data from a monograph “The spiders of Serbia” (DELTSHEV et al. 2003). 118 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 118 27.8.2014 22:36:25 For project purposes, the species nomenclature of Fauna Europaea was used. As this nomenclature does not accept new trends in taxonomy, the Platnick nomenclature (2014) - version 14.5 is listed in the Table 1. as well. Some species were synonymised (brown highlighted row). The aim was to provide a baseline dataset and information describing the conservation status of the species from the order Araneae occurring in the Carpathian Mts. in seven Carpathian countries and which can be used for conservation purposes on local as well as regional level. Endemism of Araneae in the Carpathians Altogether 49 endemic species were found in the Carpathians (4.59% of 1 067) (Table 1). The majority of “endemic species” is concentrated in Romania (41 species), many of them are East Carpathian endemic species. From habitat type point of view, many endemic species in the Carpathians occur in underground habitats, namely in caves, mining tunnels, etc. In Western Carpathians a few endemic species live in subalpine zone of the High Tatras Mts. (e.g. Mecynargus longus, Mughiphantes varians, Walckenaeria suspecta, etc). In Romania, the Carpathian endemic species are mostly the representatives of two families: Nesticidae and Linyphiidae, the list being completed by a locally distributed subspecies of Nemesia (Nemesiidae). The Nesticidae are highly specialized cave inhabitants (Nesticus and Carpathonesticus) that seem to be separated in different mountain ranges by geographical isolation and also by minute differences in ecological preferences (DUŢ & DUMA 2013). That concerns the following genera especially: 11 Carpathonesticus species and 9 Nesticus species (PLATNICK 2014), the South Carpathians appear to be their speciation centre. The Linyphiidae are represented by 18 species, most of them forest dwellers, a few cave dwellers (Troglohyphantes) and also species of the high mountains like Tenuiphantes fogarasensis (WEISS, 1986). Around half of them are data deficient, needing sustained further research into their biology and ecology. There is also one species with doubtful existence: Ceratinella marcui Rosca, 1932 that was not found after its description and whose type specimens are missing. The most recently described endemic Linyphiid spider is Scutpelecopsis loricata DUMA & TANASEVITCH, 2011, known to exist only in a very small area. Two populations appear to have been sampled, the distance between the points being of approximately 27 km. Other endemic subspecies from family Nemesiidae Nemesia pannonica coheni FUHN & POLENEC, 1967 is a rare and little known Mediterranean soil dweller that has been Results Altogether 1 067 spider taxa (ca 21.72% of 4 913 European species) were found in seven Carpathian countries (CZ, HU, PL, RO, RS, SK, UA). The level of knowledge on spiders in individual Carpathian countries is different. The best data are from Slovakia (the SK Carpathian dataset listed more than 95 thousands spider records from about 4000 localities and from 85 orographic units, Slovakian Carpathians are divided into 86 orographic units). The highest richness of spider fauna is documented from Slovak, Czech, Romanian and Poland Carpathians (929, 671, 619 and 570 species, respectively). 386 species were recorded in the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains. There are less data available from Hungarian and Serbian Carpathians (182 and 203 species). In summary, the following numbers of taxa were listed under the categories RE?, CR, EN, and VU in the National Red Lists: 0 (HU), 14 (UA), 15 (RS), 25 (RO), 86 (PL), 170 (CZ) and 200 species (SK) (Table 1). Altogether 185 species (from 1 067 assessed) were included in the Carpathian Red List in categories VU, EN, CR, RE?. Out of them, 129 threatened species are listed in category VU, 43 species in category EN, 8 species in category CR and 5 species in category RE? (not recorded for more than 50 years), Table 1, 2. Table 1: Number of species recorded in the Carpathians in individual countries and number of species recorded in national and wholeCarpathian Red Lists Species Species total RE? CR EN VU Total DD LC NT NE Total CZ 671 671 3 28 73 66 170 44 9 63 HU 180+1+? 181 PL 568+2 570 0 20 35 31 86 174 7 33 286 181 119 RO 601+18 619 1 24 25 49 277 13 364 SK 903+26 929 13 27 68 94 200 54 28 72 5 361 RS 193+10 203 1 9 5 15 29 44 UA 383+3 386 1 3 10 14 47 5 14 Carp. 1042+25 1067 5 8 43 129 185 63 95 118 80 461 119 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 119 27.8.2014 22:36:25 found in the warm habitats of the mountains around the Danube’s gorges. All these species are in need of further in-depth research into their habits and of efficient long term management of the natural habitats in the area that they occur in, in order to increase the long term residence of the species; habitat conservation is a “sine qua non” condition for protecting valuable taxa, even more so when their biology is mostly unknown. 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Прокопенко Е.В., Чумак В.А. Аннотированный список пауков (Araneae) Карпатского биосферного заповедника и карпатского национального природного парка [An annoteted list of the spiders (Araneae) of the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve and the Carpathian National Nature Park] // Изв. Харьк. энтомол. об-ва [The Kharkov Entomological Society Gazette]. – 2006 (2007). – Т. 14. – 1, 2. – p. 201-218. ROŞCA, A. (1930). Contributiuni la cunoasterea Arachnoidelor din Bucovina. Buletinul Facultatii de Stiinte din Cernauti, IV (2): 201–219. WAJGIEL, L. (1868). Spis pająków // Sprawozdanie Komisyi fizyograficznej c.k. Towarzystwa naukowego Krakowskiego: Materyały do fizyografii Galicyi. – Kraków, T. 2: 153-155. WAJGIEL, L. (1874). Pajęczaki galicyjskie (Arachnoidea Haliciae). – Kołomyja, 36 pp. NOWICKI, M. (1870). Zapiski faunicze // Sprawozdanie Komisyi fizyograficznej c.k. Towarzystwa naukowego Krakowskiego: Materyały do fizyografii Galicyi. – Kraków, 1870. – T. 4. – p. 1-30. OVTCHINNIKOV, S. V. (1999). Овчинников С. В. К надвидовой систематике пауков подсемейства Coelotinae фауны бывшего СССР [On the supraspecific systematics of the subfamily Coelotinae (Araneae, Amaurobiidae) in the former USSR fauna] // TETHYS Entomological Research. – 1999. – №1. – p. 63-80. POLOZHENTSEV, P.A. & AKIMTSEVA, N.A. (1980). Пауки 131 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 131 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Table 2: Araneae in the Carpathians and their IUCN regional Red List categories (RL) and criteria (Crit) in particular Carpathian countries and for the whole Carpathian Mts. Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830 Atypus muralis Bertkau, 1890 Atypus piceus (Sulzer, 1776) Nemesia pannonica coheni Fuhn & Polenec, 1967 Scytodes thoracica (Latreille, 1802) Protoleptoneta bulgarica Deltshev, 1972 Hoplopholcus forskali (Thorell, 1871) Pholcus alticeps Spassky, 1932 Pholcus opilionoides (Schrank, 1781) Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) Pholcus ponticus Thorell, 1875 Psilochorus simoni (Berland, 1911) Segestria bavarica C.L.Koch, 1843 Segestria florentina (Rossi, 1790) Segestria senoculata (Linnaeus, 1758) Dasumia canestrinii (L. Koch, 1876) Dasumia carpatica (Kulczyński, 1882) Dysdera crocota C.L.Koch, 1838 Dysdera dubrovninnii Deeleman-Reinhold, 1988 Dysdera erythrina (Walckenaer, 1802) Dysdera erythrina lantosquensis Simon, 1882 Dysdera hungarica Kulczyński, 1897 Dysdera longirostris Doblika, 1853 Dysdera ninnii Canestrini, 1868 Dysdera taurica Charitonov 1956 Harpactea hombergi (Scopoli, 1763) Harpactea lepida (C.L.Koch, 1838) Harpactea rubicunda (C.L.Koch, 1838) Harpactea saeva (Herman, 1879) Triaeris stenaspis Simon, 1891 Ero aphana (Walckenaer, 1802) Ero cambridgei Kulczyński, 1911 Ero furcata (Villers, 1789) Ero tuberculata (De Geer, 1778) Eresus kollari Rossi, 1846 Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 Hyptiotes paradoxus (C.L.Koch, 1834) Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806 Carpathonesticus avrigensis Weiss & Heimer, 1982 Carpathonesticus biroi (Kulczyński, 1895) Carpathonesticus cibiniensis (Weiss, 1981) Carpathonesticus fodinarum (Kulczyn‘ski, 1894) Carpathonesticus galotshkai Evtushenko, 1993 Carpathonesticus hungaricus (Chyzer, 1894) Carpathonesticus lotriensis Weiss, 1983 Carpathonesticus paraavrigensis Weiss & Heimer, 1982 Carpathonesticus puteorum (Kulczyn‘ski, 1894) Carpathonesticus racovitzai (Dumitrescu, 1980) Carpathonesticus simoni (Fage, 1931) Carpathonesticus spelaeus (Szombathy, 1917) Nesticus balacescui Dumitrescu, 1979 Atypidae Atypidae Atypidae Nemesiidae Scytodidae Leptonetidae Pholcidae Pholcidae Pholcidae Pholcidae Pholcidae Pholcidae Segestriidae Segestriidae Segestriidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Dysderidae Oonopidae Mimetidae Mimetidae Mimetidae Mimetidae Eresidae Eresidae Uloboridae Uloboridae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae 55651 55652 55653 62539 65273 60168 63827 63833 63856 63859 63860 63870 65281 65284 65290 56776 56777 56821 56824 56832 56830 56856 56874 56890 56941 56991 56998 57011 57013 62732 62349 62350 62352 62354 57197 57198 67314 67321 62567 62568 62570 62571 62572 62573 62574 62576 62578 62579 62580 62581 62585 Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830 Atypus muralis Bertkau, 1890 Atypus piceus (Sulzer, 1776) Nemesia pannonica coheni Fuhn & Polenec, 1967 Scytodes thoracica (Latreille, 1802) Protoleptoneta bulgarica Deltshev, 1972 Hoplopholcus forskali (Thorell, 1871) Pholcus alticeps Spassky, 1932 Pholcus opilionoides (Schrank, 1781) Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) Pholcus ponticus Thorell, 1875 Psilochorus simoni (Berland, 1911) Segestria bavarica C.L.Koch, 1843 Segestria florentina (Rossi, 1790) Segestria senoculata (Linnaeus, 1758) Dasumia canestrinii (L. Koch, 1876) Dasumia carpatica (Kulczyński, 1882) Dysdera crocota C.L.Koch, 1838 Dysdera dubrovninnii Deeleman-Reinhold, 1988 Dysdera erythrina (Walckenaer, 1802) Dysdera erythrina lantosquensis Simon, 1882 Dysdera hungarica Kulczyński, 1897 Dysdera longirostris Doblika, 1853 Dysdera ninnii Canestrini, 1868 Dysdera taurica Charitonov 1956 Harpactea hombergi (Scopoli, 1763) Harpactea lepida (C.L.Koch, 1838) Harpactea rubicunda (C.L.Koch, 1838) Harpactea saeva (Herman, 1879) Triaeris stenaspis Simon, 1891 Ero aphana (Walckenaer, 1802) Ero cambridgei Kulczyński, 1911 Ero furcata (Villers, 1789) Ero tuberculata (De Geer, 1778) Eresus kollari Rossi, 1846 Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 Hyptiotes paradoxus (C.L.Koch, 1834) Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806 Carpathonesticus avrigensis Weiss & Heimer, 1982 Carpathonesticus biroi (Kulczyński, 1895) Carpathonesticus cibiniensis (Weiss, 1981) Carpathonesticus fodinarum (Kulczyn‘ski, 1894) Carpathonesticus galotshkai Evtushenko, 1993 Carpathonesticus hungaricus (Chyzer, 1894) Carpathonesticus lotriensis Weiss, 1983 Carpathonesticus paraavrigensis Weiss & Heimer, 1982 Carpathonesticus puteorum (Kulczyn‘ski, 1894) Carpathonesticus racovitzai (Dumitrescu, 1980) Carpathonesticus simoni (Fage, 1931) Carpathonesticus spelaeus (Szombathy, 1917) Nesticus balacescui Dumitrescu, 1979 132 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 132 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL NT VU 1 CR Crit RO RL Crit SK RL A1c; B2a; C2ai; D A1c; B2a; C2ai; D NT LC 1 1 1 EN 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 EN 1 1 VU DD CR 1 1 EN B1; D 1 VU LC VU 1 1 1 LC EN 1 VU NT EN DD CR LC LC LC NT 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 D2 1 LC LC 1 LC B1, B2a; D2 1 1 DD LC LC DD NT VU NT 1 1 1 1 1 NT DD DD 1 1 DD 1 LC 1 1 LC 1? 1 LC 1 1 LC LC RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 LC 1 1 CR Crit NT EN DD EN 1 1 1 VU 1 1 EN 1 VU DD DD 1 LC B2a,b,C2b,D1 DD DD DD DD B2a,b,C2b,D1 1 C2a DD 1 DD DD 1 DD DD B2a,b, C2a B2a,b, C2a 1 D2 VU VU VU DD NT NT VU NT VU D2 D2 D2 D2 B2a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC x NT VU LC x LC VU DD DD LC VU DD VU DD VU x x x x x x x x x x x x x NT DD NT LC LC DD NT VU NT VU VU VU DD NT NT VU NT VU 133 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 133 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Nesticus carpaticus Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus cellulanus (Clerck, 1757) Nesticus cellulanus affinis Kulczyn‘ski, 1894 Nesticus cernensis Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus constantinescui Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus diaconui Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus ionescui Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus orghidani Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus plesai Dumitrescu, 1980 Nesticus wiehlei Dumitrescu, 1979 Asagena meridionalis Kulczyński, 1894 Asagena phalerata (Panzer, 1801) Crustulina guttata (Wider, 1834) Crustulina sticta (O.P.-Cambridge, 1861) Cryptachaea riparia (Blackwall, 1834) Dipoena braccata (C.L.Koch, 1841) Dipoena convexa (Blackwall, 1870) Dipoena coracina (C.L.Koch, 1837) Dipoena erythropus (Simon, 1881) Dipoena melanogaster (C.L.Koch, 1837) Dipoena nigroreticulata (Simon, 1879) Dipoena torva (Thorell, 1875) Enoplognatha caricis (Fickert, 1876) Enoplognatha latimana Hippa & Oksala, 1982 Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Nesticidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae 62588 62590 62589 62591 62592 62593 62598 62604 62605 62608 66245 66246 66255 66257 66260 66262 66263 66264 66266 66271 66272 66277 66287 66292 Nesticus carpaticus Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus cellulanus (Clerck, 1757) Nesticus cellulanus affinis Kulczyn‘ski, 1894 Nesticus cernensis Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus constantinescui Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus diaconui Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus ionescui Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus orghidani Dumitrescu, 1979 Nesticus plesai Dumitrescu, 1980 Nesticus wiehlei Dumitrescu, 1979 Asagena meridionalis Kulczyński, 1894 Asagena phalerata (Panzer, 1801) Crustulina guttata (Wider, 1834) Crustulina sticta (O.P.-Cambridge, 1861) Cryptachaea riparia (Blackwall, 1834) Dipoena braccata (C.L.Koch, 1841) Lasaeola convexa (Blackwall, 1870) Dipoena coracina (C.L.Koch, 1837) Dipoena erythropus (Simon, 1881) Dipoena melanogaster (C.L.Koch, 1837) Dipoena nigroreticulata (Simon, 1879) Dipoena torva (Thorell, 1875) Enoplognatha caricis (Fickert, 1876) Enoplognatha latimana Hippa & Oksala, 1982 Enoplognatha mordax (Thorell, 1875) Enoplognatha oelandica (Thorell, 1875) Enoplognatha ovata (Clerck, 1757) Enoplognatha thoracica (Hahn, 1833) Episinus angulatus (Blackwall, 1836) Episinus maculipes Cavana, 1876 Episinus truncatus Latreille, 1809 Euryopis flavomaculata (C.L.Koch, 1836) Euryopis laeta (Westring, 1861) Euryopis quinqueguttata Thorell, 1875 Euryopis saukea Levi, 1951 Heterotheridion nigrovariegatum (Simon, 1873) Lasaeola prona (Menge, 1868) Lasaeola tristis (Hahn, 1833) Neottiura bimaculata (Linnaeus, 1767) Neottiura suaveolens (Simon, 1879) Ohlertidion ohlerti (Thorell, 1870) Paidiscura pallens (Blackwall, 1834) Parasteatoda lunata (Clerck, 1757) Parasteatoda simulans (Thorell, 1875) Parasteatoda tabulata (Levi, 1980) Parasteatoda tepidariorum (C.L.Koch, 1841) Pholcomma gibbum (Westring, 1851) Phycosoma inornatum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1861) Phylloneta impressum L. Koch, 1881 Phylloneta sisyphia (Clerck, 1757) Platnickina tincta (Walckenaer, 1802) Robertus arundineti (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Robertus frivaldszkyi (Chyzer, 1894) Robertus lividus (Blackwall, 1836) Robertus neglectus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Robertus scoticus Jackson, 1914 Robertus truncorum (L.Koch, 1872) Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae 66297 66299 66300 66307 66311 66313 66316 66321 66324 66328 66329 66334 66338 66340 66351 66354 66357 66361 66363 66364 66362 66365 66367 66370 66371 66373 66375 66379 66382 66386 66391 66392 66393 Enoplognatha mordax (Thorell, 1875) Enoplognatha oelandica (Thorell, 1875) Enoplognatha ovata (Clerck, 1757) Enoplognatha thoracica (Hahn, 1833) Episinus angulatus (Blackwall, 1836) Episinus maculipes Cavana, 1876 Episinus truncatus Latreille, 1809 Euryopis flavomaculata (C.L.Koch, 1836) Euryopis laeta (Westring, 1861) Euryopis quinqueguttata Thorell, 1875 Euryopis saukea Levi, 1951 Heterotheridion nigrovariegatum (Simon, 1873) Lasaeola prona (Menge, 1868) Lasaeola tristis (Hahn, 1833) Neottiura bimaculata (Linnaeus, 1767) Neottiura suaveolens (Simon, 1879) Ohlertidion ohlerti (Thorell, 1870) Paidiscura pallens (Blackwall, 1834) Parasteatoda lunata (Clerck, 1757) Parasteatoda simulans (Thorell, 1875) Parasteatoda tabulata (Levi, 1980) Parasteatoda tepidariorum (C.L.Koch, 1841) Pholcomma gibbum (Westring, 1851) Phycosoma inornatum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1861) Phylloneta impressa (L.Koch, 1881) Phylloneta sisyphia (Clerck, 1757) Platnickina tincta (Walckenaer, 1802) Robertus arundineti (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Robertus frivaldszkyi (Chyzer, 1894) Robertus lividus (Blackwall, 1836) Robertus neglectus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Robertus scoticus Jackson, 1914 Robertus truncorum (L.Koch, 1872) 134 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 134 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL 1 1 1 Crit 1 LC 1 VU VU CR 1 1 1 EN EN VU NT VU 1 1 1 LC LC LC LC DD DD 1 1 1 1 LC LC LC 1 1 CR LC 1 B2a; D 1 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 NT DD LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D2 D2 D2 LC DD DD 1 LC VU VU VU LC VU VU VU 1 DD 1 1 1 D2 LC LC B1, B2a; D 1 LC LC LC VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC Crit SK RL VU LC 1 1 VU 1 1 RO RL LC B1 LC LC LC 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 LC 1 1 1 1 Crit 1 1 RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D2 D2 D2 CR 1 1 VU 1 1 1 LC 1 CR VU DD 1 EN EN 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT LC 1 NT 1 1 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B1a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x VU x x x x x x x VU VU VU LC VU VU VU EN NT DD VU VU DD DD VU VU EN NT VU NT VU NT 135 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 135 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Robertus ungulatus Vogelsanger, 1944 Rugathodes bellicosus (Simon, 1873) Rugathodes instabilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Sardinidion blackwalli O.P.-Cambridge, 1871 Selimus pulchellus (Walckenaer, 1802) Selimus vittatus (C.L. Koch, 1836) Simitidion simile (C.L.Koch, 1836) Steatoda albomaculata (De Geer, 1778) Steatoda bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) Steatoda castanea (Clerck, 1757) Steatoda grossa (C.L.Koch, 1838) Steatoda paykulliana (Walckenaer, 1805) Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer, 1802) Theonoe minutissima (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Theridion betteni Wiehle, 1960 Theridion boesenbergi Strand, 1904 Theridion cinereum Thorell, 1875 Theridion familiare O.P.-Cambridge, 1871 Theridion hemerobium Simon, 1914 Theridion italiense Wunderlich, 1995 Theridion melanurum Hahn, 1831 Theridion mystaceum L.Koch, 1870 Theridion pictum (Walckenaer, 1802) Theridion pinastri L.Koch, 1872 Theridion varians Hahn, 1833 Theridiosoma gemmosum (L.Koch, 1877) Comaroma simoni Bertkau, 1889 Mysmenella jobi (Kraus, 1967) Troglonata granulum Simon, 1922 Abacoproeces saltuum (L.Koch, 1872) Acartauchenius scurrilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Agnyphantes expunctus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Agyneta cauta (O.P.-Cambridge, 1902) Agyneta conigera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Agyneta decora (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Agyneta olivacea (Emerton, 1882) Agyneta ramosa Jackson, 1912 Agyneta subtilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Allomengea scopigera (Grube, 1859) Allomengea vidua (L.Koch, 1879) Anguliphantes angulipalpis (Westring, 1851) Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiidae Theridiosomatidae Anapidae Mysmenidae Mysmenidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 66394 66397 66398 66401 66402 66403 66406 66408 66410 66411 66415 66421 66422 66426 66432 66434 66437 66441 66447 66450 66456 66459 66468 66469 66482 66489 55017 62460 62462 60306 60313 60316 60320 60321 60322 60324 60325 60327 60333 60334 60335 Robertus ungulatus Vogelsanger, 1944 Rugathodes bellicosus (Simon, 1873) Rugathodes instabilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Sardinidion blackwalli O.P.-Cambridge, 1871 Anelosimus pulchellus (Walckenaer, 1802) Anelosimus vittatus (C.L.Koch, 1836) Simitidion simile (C.L.Koch, 1836) Steatoda albomaculata (De Geer, 1778) Steatoda bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) Steatoda castanea (Clerck, 1757) Steatoda grossa (C.L.Koch, 1838) Steatoda paykulliana (Walckenaer, 1805) Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer, 1802) Theonoe minutissima (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Theridion betteni Wiehle, 1960 Theridion boesenbergi Strand, 1904 Theridion cinereum Thorell, 1875 Theridion familiare O.P.-Cambridge, 1871 Theridion hemerobium Simon, 1914 Theridion italiense Wunderlich, 1995 Theridion melanurum Hahn, 1831 Theridion mystaceum L.Koch, 1870 Theridion pictum (Walckenaer, 1802) Theridion pinastri L.Koch, 1872 Theridion varians Hahn, 1833 Theridiosoma gemmosum (L.Koch, 1877) Comaroma simoni Bertkau, 1889 Mysmenella jobi (Kraus, 1967) Troglonata granulum Simon, 1922 Abacoproeces saltuum (L.Koch, 1872) Acartauchenius scurrilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Agnyphantes expunctus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Agyneta cauta (O.P.-Cambridge, 1902) Agyneta conigera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Agyneta decora (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Agyneta olivacea (Emerton, 1882) Agyneta ramosa Jackson, 1912 Agyneta subtilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Allomengea scopigera (Grube, 1859) Allomengea vidua (L.Koch, 1879) Anguliphantes angulipalpis (Westring, 1851) Anguliphantes monticola (Kulczyński, 1881) Anguliphantes silli (Weiss, 1987) Anguliphantes tripartitus (Miller & Svatoň, 1978) Aphileta misera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1882 Araeoncus anguineus (L. Koch, 1869) Araeoncus crassiceps (Westring, 1861) Araeoncus humilis (Blackwall, 1841) Asthenargus carpaticus Weiss, 1998 Asthenargus helveticus Schenkel, 1936 Asthenargus paganus (Simon, 1884) Asthenargus perforatus Schenkel, 1929 Bathyphantes approximatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Bathyphantes eumenis (L.Koch, 1879) Bathyphantes gracilis (Blackwall, 1841) Bathyphantes nigrinus (Westring, 1851) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60336 60337 60338 60342 60344 60348 60352 60363 60364 60366 60367 60376 60378 60379 60384 Anguliphantes monticola (Kulczyński, 1881) Anguliphantes silli (Weiss, 1987) Anguliphantes tripartitus (Miller & Svatoň, 1978) Aphileta misera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1882 Araeoncus anguineus (L. Koch, 1869) Araeoncus crassiceps (Westring, 1861) Araeoncus humilis (Blackwall, 1841) Asthenargus carpaticus Weiss, 1998 Asthenargus helveticus Schenkel, 1936 Asthenargus paganus (Simon, 1884) Asthenargus perforatus Schenkel, 1929 Bathyphantes approximatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Bathyphantes eumenis (L.Koch, 1879) Bathyphantes gracilis (Blackwall, 1841) Bathyphantes nigrinus (Westring, 1851) 136 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 136 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL 1 DD DD VU 1 NT NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 EN Crit RO RL B2 1 LC 1 LC LC LC LC B1, B2a; D2 1 DD NT 1 1 1 1 1 CR 1 1 1 1 1 VU NT VU 1 LC LC 1 CR 1 1 DD NT LC VU VU NT 1 LC D 1 1 LC EN 1 1 1 EN NT 1 DD 1 1 LC D 1 1 LC 1 Crit SK RL EN NT EN EN RE? VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 DD DD 1 VU NT 1 1 1 1 VU CR EN 1 1 1 LC 1 LC RE? 1 1 1 1 EN 1 1 RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD LC 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 NT 1 EN 1 DD Crit DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 EN 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 CR 1 CR 1 DD 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 DD VU NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU NT NT VU LC LC NT NT DD NT LC NT CR VU LC LC LC LC LC VU VU x LC NT EN x DD EN EN DD 137 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 137 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Bathyphantes parvulus (Westring, 1851) Bathyphantes setiger F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1894 Bathyphantes similis Kulczyński, 1894 Bolephthyphantes index (Thorell, 1856) Bolyphantes alticeps (Sundevall, 1833) Bolyphantes luteolus (Blackwall, 1833) Bolyphantes nigropictus Simon, 1884 Canariphantes nanus (Kulczyński, 1898) Carorita limnaea (Crosby & Bishop, 1927) Caviphantes saxetorum (Hull, 1916) Centromerita bicolor (Blackwall, 1833) Centromerita concinna (Thorell, 1875) Centromerus acutidentatus Deltshev, 2002 Centromerus albidus Simon, 1929 Centromerus arcanus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Centromerus brevivulvatus Dahl, 1912 Centromerus capucinus (Simon, 1884) Centromerus cavernarum (L.Koch, 1872) Centromerus chappuisi Fage, 1931 Centromerus crinitus Rosca, 1935 Centromerus dacicus Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1980 Centromerus dilutus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Centromerus gentilis Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1980 Centromerus incilium (L.Koch, 1881) Centromerus lakatnikensis (Drensky, 1931) Centromerus levitarsis (Simon, 1884) Centromerus pabulator (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Centromerus persimilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1912) Centromerus prudens (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Centromerus sellarius (Simon, 1884) Centromerus semiater (L.Koch, 1879) Centromerus serbicus Deltshev, 2002 Centromerus serratus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Centromerus setosus Miller & Kratochvil, 1940 Centromerus silvicola (Kulczyński, 1887) Centromerus sylvaticus (Blackwall, 1841) Centromerus unctus (L. Koch, 1870) Ceraticelus bulbosus (Emerton, 1882) Ceratinella brevipes (Westring, 1851) Ceratinella brevis (Wider, 1834) Ceratinella major Kulczyński, 1894 Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60386 60389 60390 60395 60396 60400 60401 60413 60417 60419 60420 60421 60423 60424 60428 60431 60433 60434 60435 60439 60440 60441 60445 60446 60447 60449 60455 60459 60462 60465 60466 60467 60468 60469 60471 60477 60480 60486 60488 60489 60490 Bathyphantes parvulus (Westring, 1851) Bathyphantes setiger F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1894 Bathyphantes similis Kulczyński, 1894 Bolephthyphantes index (Thorell, 1856) Bolyphantes alticeps (Sundevall, 1833) Bolyphantes luteolus (Blackwall, 1833) Bolyphantes nigropictus Simon, 1884 Canariphantes nanus (Kulczyński, 1898) Carorita limnaea (Crosby & Bishop, 1927) Caviphantes saxetorum (Hull, 1916) Centromerita bicolor (Blackwall, 1833) Centromerita concinna (Thorell, 1875) Centromerus acutidentatus Deltshev, 2002 Centromerus albidus Simon, 1929 Centromerus arcanus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Centromerus brevipalpus (Menge, 1866) Centromerus capucinus (Simon, 1884) Centromerus cavernarum (L.Koch, 1872) Centromerus chappuisi Fage, 1931 Centromerus crinitus Rosca, 1935 Centromerus dacicus Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1980 Centromerus dilutus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Centromerus gentilis Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1980 Centromerus incilium (L.Koch, 1881) Centromerus lakatnikensis (Drensky, 1931) Centromerus levitarsis (Simon, 1884) Centromerus pabulator (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Centromerus persimilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1912) Centromerus prudens (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Centromerus sellarius (Simon, 1884) Centromerus semiater (L.Koch, 1879) Centromerus serbicus Deltshev, 2002 Centromerus serratus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Centromerus setosus Miller & Kratochvil, 1940 Centromerus silvicola (Kulczyński, 1887) Centromerus sylvaticus (Blackwall, 1841) Centromerus unctus (L. Koch, 1870) Ceraticelus bulbosus (Emerton, 1882) Ceratinella brevipes (Westring, 1851) Ceratinella brevis (Wider, 1834) Ceratinella major Kulczyński, 1894 Ceratinella marcui Rosca, 1932 Ceratinella scabrosa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Ceratinella wideri (Thorell, 1871) Cineta gradata (Simon, 1881) Cnephalocotes obscurus (Blackwall, 1834) Collinsia distincta (Simon, 1884) Collinsia inerrans (O.P.-Cambridge, 1885) Dicymbium nigrum (Blackwall, 1834) Dicymbium nigrum brevisetosum Locket, 1962 Dicymbium tibiale (Blackwall, 1836) Diplocentria bidentata (Emerton, 1882) Diplocentria rectangulata (Emerton, 1915) Diplocephalus alpinus subrufus Rosca, 1935 Diplocephalus cristatus (Blackwall, 1833) Diplocephalus dentatus (Tullgren, 1955) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60491 60494 60495 60499 60500 60506 60509 60521 60520 60522 60525 60528 60529 60541 60543 Ceratinella marcui Rosca, 1932 Ceratinella scabrosa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Ceratinella wideri (Thorell, 1871) Cineta gradata (Simon, 1881) Cnephalocotes obscurus (Blackwall, 1834) Collinsia distincta (Simon, 1884) Collinsia inerrans (O.P.-Cambridge, 1885) Dicymbium nigrum (Blackwall, 1834) Dicymbium nigrum brevisetosum Locket, 1962 Dicymbium tibiale (Blackwall, 1836) Diplocentria bidentata (Emerton, 1882) Diplocentria rectangulata (Emerton, 1915) Diplocephalus alpinus subrufus Rosca, 1935 Diplocephalus cristatus (Blackwall, 1833) Diplocephalus dentatus (Tullgren, 1955) 138 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 138 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL 1 1 VU EN VU 1 1 1 NT Crit D B2a, D RO RL Crit SK RL 1 1 VU 1 LC 1 Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD 1 1 1 1? EN EN CR 1 1 1 EN 1 CR B2a, D B2a, D2 LC LC 1 VU B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 VU NT 1 VU VU EN B2a, D2 LC VU DD DD NT 1 1 VU 1 EN LC 1 1 LC 1 VU VU 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 NT B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 VU 1 VU DD 1 B2a, D2 LC 1 EN 1 VU CR 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 LC EN LC CR 1 1 1 NT LC EN 1 B2a, D2 DD 1 DD VU RE? NT 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC DD 1 1 1 VU 1 LC B2a,b, C2a, D1 NT 1 1 1 VU 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 EN B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD NT LC 1 1 1 EN 1 1 1 1 LC 1 DD LC 1 1 DD EN 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU VU EN CR LC VU NT x x x x VU LC VU DD DD VU VU VU NT VU VU EN RE? VU DD x DD VU VU x DD VU DD VU 139 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 139 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Diplocephalus helleri (L.Koch, 1869) Diplocephalus latifrons (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Diplocephalus permixtus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Diplocephalus picinus (Blackwall, 1841) Diplostyla concolor (Wider, 1834) Dismodicus bifrons (Blackwall, 1841) Dismodicus elevatus (C.L.Koch, 1838) Donacochara speciosa (Thorell, 1875) Drapetisca socialis (Sundevall, 1833) Drepanostylus uncatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Drepanotylus borealis Holm, 1945 Entelecara acuminata (Wider, 1834) Entelecara congenera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Entelecara errata O.P.-Cambridge, 1913 Entelecara erythropus (Westring, 1851) Entelecara flavipes (Blackwall, 1834) Entelecara media Kulczyński, 1887 Entelecara omissa O.P.-Cambridge, 1902 Entelecara strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Erigone atra Blackwall, 1833 Erigone cristatopalpus Simon, 1884 Erigone dentipalpis (Wider, 1834) Erigone jaegeri Baehr, 1984 Erigone remota L. Koch, 1869 Erigone strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Erigone tirolensis L.Koch, 1872 Erigonella hiemalis (Blackwall, 1841) Erigonella ignobilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Erigonella subelevata (L.Koch, 1869) Erigonoplus globipes (L.Koch, 1872) Erigonoplus jarmilae (Miller, 1943) Evansia merens O.P.-Cambridge, 1900 Floronia bucculenta (Clerck, 1757) Formiphantes lepthyphantiformis (Strand, 1907) Frontinellina frutetorum (C.L.Koch, 1834) Glyphesis servulus (Simon, 1881) Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834) Gonatium hilare (Thorell, 1875) Gonatium orientale Fage 1931 Gonatium paradoxum (L.Koch, 1869) Gonatium rubellum (Blackwall, 1841) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60548 60550 60554 60555 60566 60567 60568 60570 60571 60574 60572 60576 60579 60582 60583 60584 60590 60592 60594 60602 60606 60609 60614 60628 60631 60634 60637 60638 60640 60645 60648 60657 60661 60662 60664 60668 60670 60676 60679 60681 60682 Diplocephalus helleri (L.Koch, 1869) Diplocephalus latifrons (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Diplocephalus permixtus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Diplocephalus picinus (Blackwall, 1841) Diplostyla concolor (Wider, 1834) Dismodicus bifrons (Blackwall, 1841) Dismodicus elevatus (C.L.Koch, 1838) Donacochara speciosa (Thorell, 1875) Drapetisca socialis (Sundevall, 1833) Drepanostylus uncatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Drepanotylus borealis Holm, 1945 Entelecara acuminata (Wider, 1834) Entelecara congenera (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Entelecara errata O.P.-Cambridge, 1913 Entelecara erythropus (Westring, 1851) Entelecara flavipes (Blackwall, 1834) Entelecara media Kulczyński, 1887 Entelecara omissa O.P.-Cambridge, 1902 Entelecara strandi Kolosváry, 1934 Erigone atra Blackwall, 1833 Erigone cristatopalpus Simon, 1884 Erigone dentipalpis (Wider, 1834) Erigone jaegeri Baehr, 1984 Erigone remota L. Koch, 1869 Erigone strandi Kolosváry, 1934 Erigone tirolensis L.Koch, 1872 Erigonella hiemalis (Blackwall, 1841) Erigonella ignobilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Erigonella subelevata (L.Koch, 1869) Erigonoplus globipes (L.Koch, 1872) Erigonoplus jarmilae (Miller, 1943) Evansia merens O.P.-Cambridge, 1900 Floronia bucculenta (Clerck, 1757) Formiphantes lepthyphantiformis (Strand, 1907) Frontinellina frutetorum (C.L.Koch, 1834) Glyphesis servulus (Simon, 1881) Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834) Gonatium hilare (Thorell, 1875) Gonatium orientale Fage 1931 Gonatium paradoxum (L.Koch, 1869) Gonatium rubellum (Blackwall, 1841) Gonatium rubens (Blackwall, 1833) Gongylidiellum compar (Westring, 1861) Gongylidiellum latebricola (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Gongylidiellum murcidum Simon, 1884 Gongylidiellum vivum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Gongylidium gebhardti Kolosvary, 1934 Gongylidium rufipes (Linnaeus, 1758) Helophora insignis (Blackwall, 1841) Heterotrichoncus pusillus (Miller, 1958) Hilaira excisa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830) Hylyphantes nigritus (Simon, 1881) Hypomma bituberculatum (Wider, 1834) Hypomma cornutum (Blackwall, 1833) Hypselsites jacksoni (O.P.-Cambridge, 1902) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60683 60685 60689 60690 60692 60693 60694 60697 60698 60700 60714 60715 60717 60719 60722 Gonatium rubens (Blackwall, 1833) Gongylidiellum compar (Westring, 1861) Gongylidiellum latebricola (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Gongylidiellum murcidum Simon, 1884 Gongylidiellum vivum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Gongylidium gebhardti Kolosvary, 1934a Gongylidium rufipes (Linnaeus, 1758) Helophora insignis (Blackwall, 1841) Heterotrichoncus pusillus (Miller, 1958) Hilaira excisa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830) Hylyphantes nigritus (Simon, 1881) Hypomma bituberculatum (Wider, 1834) Hypomma cornutum (Blackwall, 1833) Hypselsites jacksoni (O.P.-Cambridge, 1902) 140 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 140 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL VU 1 LC VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 EN 1 LC 1 1 Crit RO RL B2a, D LC LC LC 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 LC VU B2a, D VU B2a, D Crit SK RL 1 1 VU 1 1 1 1 NT 1 DD 1 1 CR LC LC NT Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 NT 1 VU 1 1 1 1 B1a 1 1? 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 NT NT 1 1 1 LC LC 1 LC 1 EN 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 LC CR 1 NT B2a, D2 CR A3, B2, D2 VU D CR 1 B2a, D1, D2 DD NT 1 VU 1 LC 1 LC 1 1 DD 1 EN RE? LC LC 1 1 VU 1 VU 1 NT 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 DD LC 1 EN 1 1 CR CR CR CR 1 NT LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 CR VU EN 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D2 B2a,b, C2a, D1 VU DD 1 1 VU LC B2a, D2 1 LC B1a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC NT LC DD VU NT LC VU NT EN DD LC EN VU NT LC LC EN NT NT DD CR VU NT DD VU 141 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 141 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Hypsocephalus pusillus (Menge 1869) Improphantes complicatus (Emerton, 1882) Improphantes decolor (Westring, 1861) Improphantes geniculatus (Kulczyński, 1898) Improphantes improbulus (Simon, 1929) Improphantes nitidus (Thorell, 1875) Incestophantes annulatus (Kulczyński, 1882) Incestophantes crucifer (Menge, 1866) Ipa keyserlingi (Ausserer, 1867) Ipa terrenus ((L. Koch, 1879) Jacksonella falconeri (Jackson, 1908) Kaestneria dorsalis (Wider, 1834) Kaestneria pullata (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Kaestneria torrentum (Kulczyński, 1881) Karita paludosa (Duffey, 1971) Kratochviliella bicapitata Miller, 1938 Labulla thoracica (Wider, 1834) Lasiargus hirsutus (Menge, 1869) Lepthyphantes centromeroides carpathicus Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1970 Lepthyphantes leprosus (Ohlert, 1865) Lepthyphantes minutus (Blackwall, 1833) Lepthyphantes nodifer Simon, 1884 Lepthyphantes notabilis Kulczyński, 1887 Leptorhoptrum robustum (Westring, 1851) Lessertia dentichelis (Simon, 1884) Lessertinella carpatica Weiss, 1979 Lessertinella kulczyńskii (Lessert, 1910) Linyphia hortensis Sundevall, 1830 Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) Lophomma punctatum (Blackwall, 1841) Macrargus carpenteri (O.P.-Cambridge, 1894) Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) Mansuphantes arciger (Kulczyński, 1882) Mansuphantes fragilis (Thorell, 1875) Mansuphantes mansuetus (Thorell, 1875) Maro lehtineni Saaristo, 1971 Maro lepidus Casemir, 1961 Maro minutus O. P.-Cambridge, 1906 Maro sublestus Falconer, 1915 Maso gallicus Simon, 1894 Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60728 60731 60732 60734 60736 60738 60739 60740 60747 60749 60752 60754 60755 60756 60757 60759 60762 60763 60779 Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60797 60807 60810 60811 60826 60829 60830 60831 60838 60852 60854 60856 60860 60862 60865 60867 60872 60873 60874 60876 60878 Hypsocephalus pusillus (Menge 1869) Improphantes complicatus (Emerton, 1882) Improphantes decolor (Westring, 1861) Improphantes geniculatus (Kulczyński, 1898) Improphantes improbulus (Simon, 1929) Improphantes nitidus (Thorell, 1875) Incestophantes annulatus (Kulczyński, 1882) Incestophantes crucifer (Menge, 1866) Ipa keyserlingi (Ausserer, 1867) Ipa terrenus ((L. Koch, 1879) Jacksonella falconeri (Jackson, 1908) Kaestneria dorsalis (Wider, 1834) Kaestneria pullata (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Kaestneria torrentum (Kulczyński, 1881) Karita paludosa (Duffey, 1971) Kratochviliella bicapitata Miller, 1938 Labulla thoracica (Wider, 1834) Lasiargus hirsutus (Menge, 1869) Lepthyphantes centromeroides carpathicus Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1970 Lepthyphantes leprosus (Ohlert, 1865) Lepthyphantes minutus (Blackwall, 1833) Lepthyphantes nodifer Simon, 1884 Lepthyphantes notabilis Kulczyński, 1887 Leptorhoptrum robustum (Westring, 1851) Lessertia dentichelis (Simon, 1884) Lessertinella carpatica Weiss, 1979 Lessertinella kulczyńskii (Lessert, 1910) Linyphia hortensis Sundevall, 1830 Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) Lophomma punctatum (Blackwall, 1841) Macrargus carpenteri (O.P.-Cambridge, 1894) Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) Mansuphantes arciger (Kulczyński, 1882) Mansuphantes fragilis (Thorell, 1875) Mansuphantes mansuetus (Thorell, 1875) Maro lehtineni Saaristo, 1971 Maro lepidus Casemir, 1961 Maro minutus O. P.-Cambridge, 1906 Maro sublestus Falconer, 1915 Maso gallicus Simon, 1894 Maso sundevalli (Westring, 1851) Mecopisthes peusi Wunderlich, 1972 Mecopisthes silus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Mecynargus longus (Kulczyński, 1882) Mecynargus morulus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Megalepthyphantes collinus (L.Koch, 1872) Megalepthyphantes nebulosus (Sundeval, 1829) Megalepthyphantes pseudocollinus Saaristo, 1997 Meioneta affinis (Kulczyński, 1898) Meioneta equestris (L.Koch, 1881) Meioneta fuscipalpa (C.L.Koch, 1836) Meioneta gulosa (L.Koch, 1869) Meioneta innotabilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Meioneta milleri Thaler, Buchar & Kůrka, 1997 Meioneta mollis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60879 60887 60890 60894 60896 60901 60903 60904 60905 60909 60910 60911 60912 60915 60916 Maso sundevalli (Westring, 1851) Mecopisthes peusi Wunderlich, 1972 Mecopisthes silus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Mecynargus longus (Kulczyński, 1882) Mecynargus morulus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Megalepthyphantes collinus (L.Koch, 1872) Megalepthyphantes nebulosus (Sundeval, 1829) Megalepthyphantes pseudocollinus Saaristo, 1997 Agyneta affinis (Kulczyński, 1898) Agyneta equestris (L.Koch, 1881) Agyneta fuscipalpa (C.L.Koch, 1836) Agyneta gulosa (L.Koch, 1869) Agyneta innotabilis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Agyneta milleri Thaler, Buchar & Kůrka, 1997 Agyneta mollis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) 142 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 142 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL EN EN CR LC Crit RO RL Crit SK RL B2a, D2 D EN Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1? 1 1 1 1 DD VU CR LC VU NT VU VU 1 1 LC 1 1 EN D 1 LC VU D2 EN B2a,b D NT EN VU 1 1 EN B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a, D2 LC LC 1 DD NT 1 LC? LC LC NT VU 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 EN 1 1 LC LC 1 LC EN LC B2a, D2 DD 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 EN 1 EN 1 1 NT 1 LC EN EN 1 EN 1 B2a, D2 LC B2a, D B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 D2 1 1 1 NT 1 CR CR CR 1 1 LC EN 1 1 RE? 1 DD CR 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 VU 1 1 1 DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 VU 1 1 NT 1 1 CR 1 EN CR EN DD 1 DD 1 D D D 1 LC 1 1 1 EN EN 1 DD 1 1 DD NT DD 1 1 DD VU VU 1 1 1 1 NT 1 CR VU 1 1 B1a 1 1 1 DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD DD B2a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 EN CR LC NT x VU VU NT VU VU x NT VU x VU VU NT x VU EN CR VU VU RE? DD EN NT DD x DD EN EN EN LC DD VU NT 143 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 143 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Meioneta mossica Schikora, 1993 Meioneta rurestris (C.L.Koch, 1836) Meioneta saxatilis (Blackwall, 1844) Meioneta similis (Kulczynski, 1926) Meioneta simplicitarsis (Simon, 1884) Mermessus trilobatus (Emerton, 1882) Metopobactrus ascitus (Kulczyński, 1894) Metopobactrus prominulus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Micrargus apertus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Micrargus georgescuae Millidge, 1976 Micrargus herbigradus (Blackwall, 1854) Micrargus subaequalis (Westring, 1851) Microctenonyx subitaneus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Microlinyphia impigra (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Microlinyphia pusilla (Sundevall, 1830) Microneta viaria (Blackwall, 1841) Midia midas (Simon, 1884) Minicia marginella (Wider, 1834) Minyriolus pusillus (Wider, 1834) Mioxena blanda (Simon, 1884) Moebelia penicillata (Westring, 1851) Mughiphantes cornutus (Schenkel, 1927) Mughiphantes mughi (Fickert, 1875) Mughiphantes pulcher (Kulczyński, 1881) Mughiphantes varians (Kulczyński, 1882) Nematogmus sanguinolentus (Walckenaer, 1841) Neriene clathrata (Sundevall, 1830) Neriene emphana (Walckenaer, 1841) Neriene furtiva (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Neriene montana (Clerck, 1757) Neriene peltata (Wider, 1834) Neriene radiata (Walckenaer, 1842) Notioscopus sarcinatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Nusoncus nasutus (Schenkel, 1925) Obscuriphantes obscurus (Blackwall, 1841) Oedothorax agrestis (Blackwall, 1853) Oedothorax apicatus (Blackwall, 1850) Oedothorax fuscus (Blackwall, 1834) Oedothorax gibbifer (Kulczyński, 1882) Oedothorax gibbosus (Blackwall, 1841) Oedothorax insignis (Bösenberg, 1902) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 60917 60928 60930 60931 60932 60939 60942 60949 60954 60958 60959 60963 60965 60966 60969 60973 60997 61005 61011 61012 61014 61017 61030 61032 61042 61045 61048 61049 61050 61053 61055 61057 61060 61061 61063 61065 61066 61068 61069 61070 61071 Agyneta mossica Schikora, 1993 Agyneta rurestris (C.L.Koch, 1836) Agyneta saxatilis (Blackwall, 1844) Agyneta similis (Kulczyński, 1926) Agyneta simplicitarsis (Simon, 1884) Mermessus trilobatus (Emerton, 1882) Metopobactrus ascitus (Kulczyński, 1894) Metopobactrus prominulus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Micrargus apertus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Micrargus georgescuae Millidge, 1976 Micrargus herbigradus (Blackwall, 1854) Micrargus subaequalis (Westring, 1851) Microctenonyx subitaneus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Microlinyphia impigra (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Microlinyphia pusilla (Sundevall, 1830) Microneta viaria (Blackwall, 1841) Midia midas (Simon, 1884) Minicia marginella (Wider, 1834) Minyriolus pusillus (Wider, 1834) Mioxena blanda (Simon, 1884) Moebelia penicillata (Westring, 1851) Mughiphantes cornutus (Schenkel, 1927) Mughiphantes mughi (Fickert, 1875) Mughiphantes pulcher (Kulczyński, 1881) Mughiphantes varians (Kulczyński, 1882) Nematogmus sanguinolentus (Walckenaer, 1841) Neriene clathrata (Sundevall, 1830) Neriene emphana (Walckenaer, 1841) Neriene furtiva (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Neriene montana (Clerck, 1757) Neriene peltata (Wider, 1834) Neriene radiata (Walckenaer, 1842) Notioscopus sarcinatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Nusoncus nasutus (Schenkel, 1925) Obscuriphantes obscurus (Blackwall, 1841) Oedothorax agrestis (Blackwall, 1853) Oedothorax apicatus (Blackwall, 1850) Oedothorax fuscus (Blackwall, 1834) Oedothorax gibbifer (Kulczyński, 1882) Oedothorax gibbosus (Blackwall, 1841) Oedothorax insignis (Bösenberg, 1902) Oedothorax retusus (Westring, 1851) Oreoneta montigena (L.Koch, 1872) Oreoneta tatrica ( Kulczyński, 1915) Oreonetides glacialis (L.Koch, 1872) Oreonetides vaginatus (Thorell, 1872) Oryphantes angulatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1881) Ostearius melanopygius (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Palliduphantes alutacius (Simon, 1884) Palliduphantes antroniensis (Schenkel, 1933) Palliduphantes insignis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1913) Palliduphantes istrianus (Kulczyński, 1914) Palliduphantes milleri (Staręga, 1972) Palliduphantes pallidus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Palliduphantes pillichi (Kulczyński, 1915) Palliduphantes spelaeorum (Kulczynski, 1914) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 61075 61082 61085 61087 61089 61090 61092 61094 61096 61117 61118 61127 61131 61133 61138 Oedothorax retusus (Westring, 1851) Oreoneta montigena (L.Koch, 1872) Oreoneta tatrica ( Kulczyński, 1915) Oreonetides glacialis (L.Koch, 1872) Oreonetides vaginatus (Thorell, 1872) Oryphantes angulatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1881) Ostearius melanopygius (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Palliduphantes alutacius (Simon, 1884) Palliduphantes antroniensis (Schenkel, 1933) Palliduphantes insignis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1913) Palliduphantes istrianus (Kulczyński, 1914) Palliduphantes milleri (Staręga, 1972) Palliduphantes pallidus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Palliduphantes pillichi (Kulczyński, 1915) Palliduphantes spelaeorum (Kulczynski, 1914) 144 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 144 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL 1 1 HU RL PL RL LC Crit 1 1 RO RL 1 LC DD DD VU Crit SK RL Crit DD 1 1 VU RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 CR 1 LC LC 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 1 LC LC NT 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 EN NT LC 1 1 1 VU EN 1 NT 1 1 LC D D 1 1 1 LC LC LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD EN 1 1 1 VU 1 LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 EN EN LC VU 1 DD D 1 D D 1 EN 1 DD EN VU VU DD DD NT 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 VU 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a, D2 NT 1 1 LC 1 1 1 LC 1? LC 1 DD VU 1 1 EN VU 1 1 EN 1 1 CR LC RE? 1 1 NT NT 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 D 1 1 1 1 1 1 EN 1 NT 1 EN B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 VU NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD DD VU VU LC NT NT VU VU RE? x NT VU LC LC NT NT DD EN EN NT VU EN X VU VU VU 145 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 145 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Palliduphantes trnovensis (Drensky, 1931) Panamomops affinis Miller & Kratochvil, 1939 Panamomops fagei Miller & Kratochvil, 1939 Panamomops inconspicuus (Miller & Valešova, 1964) Panamomops latifrons Miller, 1959 Panamomops mengei Simon, 1926 Panamomops palmgreni Thaler, 1973 Panamomops strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Panamomops sulcifrons (Wider, 1834) Parapelecopsis nemoralis (Blackwall, 1841) Pelecopsis elongata (Wider, 1834) Pelecopsis loksai Szinetar & Samu 2003 Pelecopsis mengei (Simon, 1884) Pelecopsis parallela (Wider, 1834) Pelecopsis radicicola (L.Koch, 1872) Peponocranium orbiculatum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1882) Peponocranium praeceps Miller, 1943 Piniphantes pinicola (Simon, 1884) Pityohyphantes phrygianus (C.L.Koch, 1836) Pocadicnemis carpatica (Chyzer, 1894) Pocadicnemis juncea Locket & Millidge, 1953 Pocadicnemis pumila (Blackwall, 1841) Poeciloneta variegata (Blackwall, 1841) Porrhomma campbelli F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1894 Porrhomma convexum (Westring, 1861) Porrhomma egeria Simon, 1884 Porrhomma errans (Blackwall, 1841) Porrhomma lativelum Tretzel, 1956 Porrhomma microphthalmum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Porrhomma microps (Roewer, 1931) Porrhomma montanum Jackson, 1913 Porrhomma myops Simon, 1884 Porrhomma oblitum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1870) Porrhomma pallidum Jackson, 1913 Porrhomma profundum M.Dahl, 1939 Porrhomma pygmaeum (Blackwall, 1834) Porrhomma rosenhaueri (L.Koch, 1872) Prinerigone vagans (Audouin, 1826) Saaristoa abnormis (Blackwall, 1841) Saaristoa firma (O.P.-Cambridge, 1905) Saloca diceros (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 61141 61142 61144 61146 61147 61148 61150 61152 61153 61158 61167 61174 61176 61182 61185 61193 61194 61198 61200 61202 61204 61205 61206 61211 61212 61214 61215 61219 61221 61222 61223 61224 61225 61228 61229 61230 61232 61240 61246 61247 61248 Palliduphantes trnovensis (Drensky, 1931) Panamomops affinis Miller & Kratochvil, 1939 Panamomops fagei Miller & Kratochvil, 1939 Panamomops inconspicuus (Miller & Valešova, 1964) Panamomops latifrons Miller, 1959 Panamomops mengei Simon, 1926 Panamomops palmgreni Thaler, 1973 Panamomops strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Panamomops sulcifrons (Wider, 1834) Parapelecopsis nemoralis (Blackwall, 1841) Pelecopsis elongata (Wider, 1834) Pelecopsis loksai Szinetar & Samu 2003 Pelecopsis mengei (Simon, 1884) Pelecopsis parallela (Wider, 1834) Pelecopsis radicicola (L.Koch, 1872) Peponocranium orbiculatum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1882) Peponocranium praeceps Miller, 1943 Piniphantes pinicola (Simon, 1884) Pityohyphantes phrygianus (C.L.Koch, 1836) Pocadicnemis carpatica (Chyzer, 1894) Pocadicnemis juncea Locket & Millidge, 1953 Pocadicnemis pumila (Blackwall, 1841) Poeciloneta variegata (Blackwall, 1841) Porrhomma campbelli F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1894 Porrhomma convexum (Westring, 1861) Porrhomma egeria Simon, 1884 Porrhomma errans (Blackwall, 1841) Porrhomma microps (Roewer, 1931) Porrhomma microphthalmum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Porrhomma microps (Roewer, 1931) Porrhomma montanum Jackson, 1913 Porrhomma myops Simon, 1884 Porrhomma oblitum (O.P.-Cambridge, 1870) Porrhomma pallidum Jackson, 1913 Porrhomma profundum M.Dahl, 1939 Porrhomma pygmaeum (Blackwall, 1834) Porrhomma rosenhaueri (L.Koch, 1872) Prinerigone vagans (Audouin, 1826) Saaristoa abnormis (Blackwall, 1841) Saaristoa firma (O.P.-Cambridge, 1905) Saloca diceros (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Saloca kulczynskii Miller & Kratochvil, 1939 Sauron rayi (Simon, 1881) Savignia frontata Blackwall, 1833 Scotargus pilosus Simon, 1913 Scotinotylus antennatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Scutpelecopsis loricata Duma & Tanasevitch, 2011 Silometopus bonessi Casemir, 1970 Silometopus elegans (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Silometopus reussi (Thorell, 1871) Sintula corniger (Blackwall, 1856) Sintula retroversus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Sintula spiniger (Balogh, 1935) Sisicus apertus (Holm, 1939) Stemonyphantes lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Styloctetor romanus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 61250 61253 61254 61265 61269 Not listed yet 61288 61291 61294 61300 61305 61307 61308 61311 61313 Saloca kulczynskii Miller & Kratochvil, 1939 Sauron rayi (Simon, 1881) Savignia frontata Blackwall, 1833 Scotargus pilosus Simon, 1913 Scotinotylus antennatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Scutpelecopsis loricata Duma & Tanasevitch, 2011 Silometopus bonessi Casemir, 1970 Silometopus elegans (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Silometopus reussi (Thorell, 1871) Sintula corniger (Blackwall, 1856) Sintula retroversus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Sintula spiniger (Balogh, 1935) Sisicus apertus (Holm, 1939) Stemonyphantes lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Styloctetor romanus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) 146 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 146 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL Crit RO RL Crit SK RL Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL EN 1 EN NT 1 EN NT VU DD 1 NT VU LC EN VU DD 1 1 1 LC VU EN EN 1 NT 1 1 NT 1 VU LC DD 1 1 CR VU VU 1 VU NT 1 D D 1 1 1 LC LC 1 VU 1 1 1 DD 1 1 NT DD LC LC 1 LC VU DD 1 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 NE NE VU VU 1 NT NT 1 NE EN NE EN VU LC LC 1 VU EN LC VU VU 1 EN 1 1 CR D D 1 1 NT B2a, D EN VU VU 1 VU VU 1 1 1 1 EN 1 1 DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD 1 VU B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 LC LC DD DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD D2 DD VU VU 1 RE? EN VU 1 CR NT 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B1a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 syn 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 EN NT VU NT NT DD NT CR NT NT NT VU DD VU DD LC NT NT DD NT DD VU LC VU x NT EN VU DD LC NT RE? VU NT EN 147 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 147 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Styloctetor stativus (Simon, 1881) Syedra gracilis (Menge, 1869) Syedra myrmicarum (Kulczyński, 1882) Tallusia experta (O.P.-Cambridge, 187 Tapinocyba affinis Lessert, 1907 Tapinocyba barsica Kolosváry, 1934a Tapinocyba biscissa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Tapinocyba insecta (L.Koch, 1869) Tapinocyba pallens (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Tapinocyba praecox (O. P.-Cambridge, 1873) Tapinocyba silvestris Georgescu, 1973 Tapinocyboides pygmaeus (Menge, 1869) Tapinopa longidens (Wider, 1834) Taranucnus bihari Fage, 1931 Taranucnus setosus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Tenuiphantes alacris (Blackwall, 1853) Tenuiphantes cristatus (Menge, 1866) Tenuiphantes flavipes (Blackwall, 1854) Tenuiphantes fogarasensis (Weiss, 1986) Tenuiphantes jacksoni (Schenkel, 1925) Tenuiphantes mengei (Kulczyński, 1887) Tenuiphantes retezaticus (Ruzicka, 1985) Tenuiphantes tenebricola (Wider, 1834) Tenuiphantes tenuis (Blackwall, 1852) Tenuiphantes zimmermanni (Bertkau, 1890) Theonina cornix (Simon, 1881) Theonina kratochvili Miller & Weiss, 1979 Thyreosthenius biovatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Thyreosthenius parasiticus (Westring, 1851) Tiso aestivus (L.Koch, 1872) Tiso strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Tiso vagans (Blackwall, 1834) Tmeticus affinis (Blackwall, 1855) Trematocephalus cristatus (Wider, 1834) Trichoncoides piscator (Simon, 1884) Trichoncus affinis Kulczyński, 1894 Trichoncus auritus (L.Koch, 1869) Trichoncus hackmani Millidge, 1955 Trichoncus saxicola (O. P.-Cambridge, 1861) Trichoncus sordidus Simon, 1884 Trichopterna cito (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 61314 61317 61318 61321 61328 61330 61332 61336 61342 61343 61344 61347 61349 61349 61350 61353 61355 61357 61359 61362 61365 61369 61372 61374 61375 61378 61379 61380 61381 61385 61386 61387 61388 61390 61393 61394 61396 61398 61404 61407 61412 Styloctetor stativus (Simon, 1881) Syedra gracilis (Menge, 1869) Syedra myrmicarum (Kulczyński, 1882) Tallusia experta (O.P.-Cambridge, 187 Tapinocyba affinis Lessert, 1907 Tapinocyba barsica Kolosváry, 1934 Tapinocyba biscissa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Tapinocyba insecta (L.Koch, 1869) Tapinocyba pallens (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Tapinocyba praecox (O. P.-Cambridge, 1873) Tapinocyba silvestris Georgescu, 1973 Tapinocyboides pygmaeus (Menge, 1869) Tapinopa longidens (Wider, 1834) Taranucnus bihari Fage, 1931 Taranucnus setosus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1863) Tenuiphantes alacris (Blackwall, 1853) Tenuiphantes cristatus (Menge, 1866) Tenuiphantes flavipes (Blackwall, 1854) Tenuiphantes fogarasensis (Weiss, 1986) Tenuiphantes jacksoni (Schenkel, 1925) Tenuiphantes mengei (Kulczyński, 1887) Tenuiphantes retezaticus (Ruzicka, 1985) Tenuiphantes tenebricola (Wider, 1834) Tenuiphantes tenuis (Blackwall, 1852) Tenuiphantes zimmermanni (Bertkau, 1890) Theonina cornix (Simon, 1881) Theonina kratochvili Miller & Weiss, 1979 Thyreosthenius biovatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Thyreosthenius parasiticus (Westring, 1851) Tiso aestivus (L.Koch, 1872) Tiso strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Tiso vagans (Blackwall, 1834) Tmeticus affinis (Blackwall, 1855) Trematocephalus cristatus (Wider, 1834) Trichoncoides piscator (Simon, 1884) Trichoncus affinis Kulczyński, 1894 Trichoncus auritus (L.Koch, 1869) Trichoncus hackmani Millidge, 1955 Trichoncus saxicola (O. P.-Cambridge, 1861) Trichoncus sordidus Simon, 1884 Trichopterna cito (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Trichopternoides thorelli (Westring, 1861) Troglohyphantes herculanus (Kulczyński, 1894) Troglohyphantes jeanneli Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1970 Troglohyphantes orghidani Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1977 Troglohyphantes racovitzai Dumitrescu, 1970 Troxochrus cirrifrons (O. P.-Cambridge, 1871) Troxochrus scabriculus (Westring, 1851) Typhochrestus digitatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Walckenaeria acuminata Blackwall, 1833 Walckenaeria alticeps (Denis, 1952) Walckenaeria antica (Wider, 1834) Walckenaeria atrotibialis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1878) Walckenaeria capito (Westring, 1861) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 61416 61467 61471 Linyphiidae 61492 Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae 61505 61538 61540 61554 61571 61574 61577 61412 61582 Trichopternoides thorelli (Westring, 1861) Troglohyphantes herculanus (Kulczyński, 1894) Troglohyphantes jeanneli Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1970 Troglohyphantes orghidani Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1977 Troglohyphantes racovitzai Dumitrescu, 1970 Troxochrus cirrifrons (O. P.-Cambridge, 1871) Troxochrus scabriculus (Westring, 1851) Typhochrestus digitatus (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Walckenaeria acuminata Blackwall, 1833 Walckenaeria alticeps (Denis, 1952) Walckenaeria antica (Wider, 1834) Walckenaeria atrotibialis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1878) Walckenaeria capito (Westring, 1861) 148 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 148 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL DD LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 EN 1 1 Crit RO RL Crit SK RL Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 NT 1 1 1? NT 1 NT B2a, D 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD DD VU? NT VU 1 1 1 LC LC 1 CR LC 1 1 1 1 D NT 1 1 VU NT VU CR 1 EN 1 1 1 1 LC LC VU 1 LC VU LC LC LC 1 1 DD LC 1 1 LC 1 1 CR VU VU EN 1 CR LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 EN DD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 D2 1 1 LC NT VU VU 1 CR 1? 1 1 1 EN NT 1 VU 1 D 1 LC 1 1? 1 NT LC 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 D2 1 NT LC LC EN DD 1 1 1 NT 1 1 VU EN 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD B2a,b, C2a, D1 CR LC B2a,b, C2a, D1 CR B2a,b, C2a, D1 B1a 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT x VU NT x VU x VU LC NT VU NT EN EN NT NT VU LC CR D2 1 1 1 x x VU VU D2 1 x VU VU D2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x VU 1 VU 1 LC 1 NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU NT 149 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 149 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Walckenaeria corniculans (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Walckenaeria cucullata (C.L.Koch, 1836) Walckenaeria cuspidata Blackwall, 1833 Walckenaeria dysderoides (Wider, 1834) Walckenaeria furcillata (Menge, 1869) Walckenaeria incisa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Walckenaeria kochi (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Walckenaeria mitrata (Menge, 1868) Walckenaeria monoceros (Wider, 1834) Walckenaeria nodosa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Walckenaeria nudipalpis (Westring, 1851) Walckenaeria obtusa Blackwall, 1836 Walckenaeria simplex (Chyzer, 1894) Walckenaeria suspecta (Kulczyński, 1882) Walckenaeria unicornis O.P.-Cambridge, 1861 Walckenaeria vigilax (Blackwall, 1853) Zornella cultrigera (L. Koch, 1879) Meta menardi (Latreille, 1804) Metellina mengei (Blackwall, 1869) Metellina merianae (Scopoli, 1763) Metellina segmentata (Clerck, 1757) Pachygnatha clercki Sundevall, 1823 Pachygnatha degeeri Sundevall, 1830 Pachygnatha listeri Sundevall, 1830 Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873 Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) Tetragnatha montana Simon, 1874 Tetragnatha nigrita Lendl, 1886 Tetragnatha obtusa C.L.Koch, 1837 Tetragnatha obtusa intermedia Kulczynski, 1891 Tetragnatha pinicola L.Koch, 1870 Tetragnatha striata L.Koch, 1862 Aculepeira ceropegia (Walckenaer, 1802) Agalenatea redii (Scopoli, 1763) Araneus alsine (Walckenaer, 1802) Araneus angulatus Clerck, 1757 Araneus circe (Audouin, 1826) Araneus diadematus Clerck, 1757 Araneus grossus (C.L.Koch, 1844) Araneus marmoreus Clerck, 1757 Araneus nordmanni (Thorell, 1870) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae 61589 61591 61593 61598 61602 61609 61615 61620 61621 61622 61623 61624 61631 61634 61636 61638 61647 66032 66038 66040 66041 66043 66045 66046 66054 66058 66062 66063 66068 66066 66069 66072 55077 55080 55081 55095 55100 55107 55108 55111 55112 Walckenaeria corniculans (O.P.-Cambridge, 1875) Walckenaeria cucullata (C.L.Koch, 1836) Walckenaeria cuspidata Blackwall, 1833 Walckenaeria dysderoides (Wider, 1834) Walckenaeria furcillata (Menge, 1869) Walckenaeria incisa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Walckenaeria kochi (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Walckenaeria mitrata (Menge, 1868) Walckenaeria monoceros (Wider, 1834) Walckenaeria nodosa (O.P.-Cambridge, 1873) Walckenaeria nudipalpis (Westring, 1851) Walckenaeria obtusa Blackwall, 1836 Walckenaeria simplex (Chyzer, 1894) Walckenaeria suspecta (Kulczyński, 1882) Walckenaeria unicornis O.P.-Cambridge, 1861 Walckenaeria vigilax (Blackwall, 1853) Zornella cultrigera (L. Koch, 1879) Meta menardi (Latreille, 1804) Metellina mengei (Blackwall, 1869) Metellina merianae (Scopoli, 1763) Metellina segmentata (Clerck, 1757) Pachygnatha clercki Sundevall, 1823 Pachygnatha degeeri Sundevall, 1830 Pachygnatha listeri Sundevall, 1830 Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873 Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) Tetragnatha montana Simon, 1874 Tetragnatha nigrita Lendl, 1886 Tetragnatha obtusa C.L.Koch, 1837 Tetragnatha intermedia Kulczynski, 1891 Tetragnatha pinicola L.Koch, 1870 Tetragnatha striata L.Koch, 1862 Aculepeira ceropegia (Walckenaer, 1802) Agalenatea redii (Scopoli, 1763) Araneus alsine (Walckenaer, 1802) Araneus angulatus Clerck, 1757 Araneus circe (Audouin, 1826) Araneus diadematus Clerck, 1757 Araneus grossus (C.L.Koch, 1844) Araneus marmoreus Clerck, 1757 Araneus nordmanni (Thorell, 1870) Araneus quadratus Clerck, 1757 Araneus saevus (L.Koch, 1872) Araneus sturmi (Hahn, 1831) Araneus triguttatus (Fabricius, 1775) Araniella alpica (L.Koch, 1869) Araniella cucurbitina (Clerck, 1757) Araniella displicata (Hentz, 1847) Araniella inconspicua (Simon, 1874) Araniella opisthographa (Kulczyński, 1905) Araniella proxima (Kulczyński, 1885) Argiope bruennichi (Scopoli, 1772) Argiope lobata (Pallas, 1772) Cercidia prominens (Westring, 1851) Cyclosa conica (Pallas, 1772) Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae 55118 55120 55122 55124 55127 55128 55129 55130 55132 55133 55137 55138 55140 55149 Araneus quadratus Clerck, 1757 Araneus saevus (L.Koch, 1872) Araneus sturmi (Hahn, 1831) Araneus triguttatus (Fabricius, 1775) Araniella alpica (L.Koch, 1869) Araniella cucurbitina (Clerck, 1757) Araniella displicata (Hentz, 1847) Araniella inconspicua (Simon, 1874) Araniella opisthographa (Kulczyński, 1905) Araniella proxima (Kulczyński, 1885) Argiope bruennichi (Scopoli, 1772) Argiope lobata (Pallas, 1772) Cercidia prominens (Westring, 1851) Cyclosa conica (Pallas, 1772) 150 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 150 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 EN DD 1 1 Crit LC 1 DD 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 1 CR RO RL 1 LC D 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 LC LC 1 LC LC LC 1 1 1 1 Crit SK RL 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 VU DD 1 1 1 EN NT 1 Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 VU 1 1 EN 1 LC LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 LC 1 LC LC 1 LC 1 VU 1 LC 1 LC 1 1? 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT DD 1 LC 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 VU 1 1 1 D 1 LC 1 1 1 LC D 1 LC 1 1 EN 1 1 1 1 LC 1 VU 1 EN 1 CR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 RE? 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 EN B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B1a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU VU DD x EN LC VU LC NT VU VU VU RE? 151 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 151 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Cyclosa oculata (Walckenaer, 1802) Gibbaranea bituberculata (Walckenaer, 1802) Gibbaranea gibbosa (Walckenaer, 1802) Gibbaranea omoeda (Thorell, 1870) Gibbaranea ullrichi (Hahn, 1835) Hypsosinga albovittata (Westring, 1851) Hypsosinga heri (Hahn, 1831) Hypsosinga pygmaea (Sundevall, 1831) Hypsosinga sanguinea (C.L.Koch, 1844) Larinioides cornutus (Clerck, 1757) Larinioides ixobolus (Thorell, 1873) Larinioides patagiatus (Clerck, 1757) Larinioides sclopetarius (Clerck, 1757) Larinioides suspicax (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876) Leviellus thorelli (Ausserer, 1871) Mangora acalypha (Walckenaer, 1802) Neoscona adianta (Walckenaer, 1802) Nuctenea silvicultrix (C.L.Koch, 1844 Nuctenea umbratica (Clerck, 1757) Parazygiella montana (C.L.Koch, 1834) Singa hamata (Clerck, 1757) Singa lucina (Audouin, 1826) Singa nitidula C.L.Koch, 1844 Stroemiellus stroemi (Thorell, 1870) Zilla diodia (Walckenaer, 1802) Zygiella atrica (C.L.Koch, 1845) Zygiella x-notata (Clerck, 1757) Acantholycosa lignaria (Clerck, 1757) Acantholycosa norvegica sudetica (L. Koch, 1875) Alopecosa accentuata (Latreille, 1817) Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa albofasciata (Brullé, 1832) Alopecosa barbipes (Sundevall, 1833) Alopecosa cuneata (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa cursor (Hahn, 1831) Alopecosa fabrilis (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa inquilina (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa mariae (Dahl, 1908) Alopecosa pinetorum (Thorell, 1856) Alopecosa psammophila Buchar, 2001 Alopecosa pulverulenta (Clerck, 1757) Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Araneidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae 55153 55162 55164 55166 55168 55170 55171 55172 55173 55178 55180 55182 55183 55184 55186 55187 55189 55195 55198 55199 55202 55203 55205 55209 55211 55213 55219 61737 61738 61744 61745 61747 61755 61761 61762 61767 61776 61783 61790 61791 61793 Cyclosa oculata (Walckenaer, 1802) Gibbaranea bituberculata (Walckenaer, 1802) Gibbaranea gibbosa (Walckenaer, 1802) Gibbaranea omoeda (Thorell, 1870) Gibbaranea ullrichi (Hahn, 1835) Hypsosinga albovittata (Westring, 1851) Hypsosinga heri (Hahn, 1831) Hypsosinga pygmaea (Sundevall, 1831) Hypsosinga sanguinea (C.L.Koch, 1844) Larinioides cornutus (Clerck, 1757) Larinioides ixobolus (Thorell, 1873) Larinioides patagiatus (Clerck, 1757) Larinioides sclopetarius (Clerck, 1757) Larinioides suspicax (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876) Leviellus thorelli (Ausserer, 1871) Mangora acalypha (Walckenaer, 1802) Neoscona adianta (Walckenaer, 1802) Nuctenea silvicultrix (C.L.Koch, 1844 Nuctenea umbratica (Clerck, 1757) Parazygiella montana (C.L.Koch, 1834) Singa hamata (Clerck, 1757) Singa lucina (Audouin, 1826) Singa nitidula C.L.Koch, 1844 Stroemiellus stroemi (Thorell, 1870) Zilla diodia (Walckenaer, 1802) Zygiella atrica (C.L.Koch, 1845) Zygiella x-notata (Clerck, 1757) Acantholycosa lignaria (Clerck, 1757) Acantholycosa norvegica sudetica (L. Koch, 1875) Alopecosa accentuata (Latreille, 1817) Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa albofasciata (Brullé, 1832) Alopecosa barbipes (Sundevall, 1833) Alopecosa cuneata (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa cursor (Hahn, 1831) Alopecosa fabrilis (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa inquilina (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa mariae (Dahl, 1908) Alopecosa pinetorum (Thorell, 1856) Alopecosa psammophila Buchar, 2001 Alopecosa pulverulenta (Clerck, 1757) Alopecosa reimoseri Kolosváry, 1834 Alopecosa schmidti (Hahn, 1835) Alopecosa solitaria (Herman, 1876) Alopecosa striatipes (C.L.Koch, 1837) Alopecosa sulzeri (Pavesi, 1873) Alopecosa taeniata (C.L.Koch, 1835) Alopecosa trabalis (Clerck, 1757) Arctosa cinerea (Fabricius, 1777) Arctosa figurata (Simon, 1876) Arctosa lamperti Dahl, 1908 Arctosa leopardus (Sundevall, 1833) Arctosa lutetiana (Simon, 1876) Arctosa maculata (Hahn, 1822) Arctosa perita (Latreille, 1799) Arctosa stigmosa (Thorell, 1875) Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae 61794 61796 61798 61801 61802 61803 61807 61814 61816 61810 61819 61821 61822 61826 61831 Alopecosa reimoseri Kolosváry, 1834 Alopecosa schmidti (Hahn, 1835) Alopecosa solitaria (Herman, 1876) Alopecosa striatipes (C.L.Koch, 1837) Alopecosa sulzeri (Pavesi, 1873) Alopecosa taeniata (C.L.Koch, 1835) Alopecosa trabalis (Clerck, 1757) Arctosa cinerea (Fabricius, 1777) Arctosa figurata (Simon, 1876) Arctosa alpigena lamperti Dahl, 1908 Arctosa leopardus (Sundevall, 1833) Arctosa lutetiana (Simon, 1876) Arctosa maculata (Hahn, 1822) Arctosa perita (Latreille, 1799) Arctosa stigmosa (Thorell, 1875) 152 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 152 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL DD 1 LC EN VU NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT EN 1 VU 1 HU RL PL RL VU LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 EN LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 D 1 1 LC LC LC 1 LC 1 D 1 1 1 LC LC LC LC 1 DD 1 1 LC DD LC LC 1 LC 1 1 1 LC VU VU 1 1 1 VU DD RO RL 1 1 1 DD 1 DD 1 EN EN VU CR Crit 1 LC LC 1 VU NT VU LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 LC LC LC Crit SK RL 1 1 1 1 NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 VU VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT VU 1 1 NT 1 1 1? VU NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD DD 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1? 1 1? 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 DD DD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC NT LC NT LC VU LC DD DD LC VU LC VU LC LC LC NT NT 153 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 153 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Aulonia albimana (Walckenaer, 1805) Geolycosa vultuosa (C.L.Koch, 1838) Hogna radiata (Latreille, 1817) Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata (Ohlert, 18 Lycosa singoriensis (Laxmann, 1770) Pardosa agrestis (Westring, 1861) Pardosa agricola (Thorell, 1856) Pardosa alacris (C.L.Koch, 1833) Pardosa albatula (Roewer, 1951) Pardosa amentata (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa bifasciata (C.L.Koch, 1834) Pardosa blanda (C. L. Koch, 1833) Pardosa evelinae Wunderlich, 1984 Pardosa ferruginea (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa fulvipes Collet, 1875 Pardosa hortensis (Thorell, 1872) Pardosa kratochvílli (Kolosváry, 1934a) Pardosa lugubris (Walckenaer, 1802) Pardosa monticola (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa morosa (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa nebulosa (Thorell, 1872) Pardosa nigra (C.L.Koch, 1834) Pardosa nigriceps (Thorell, 1856) Pardosa oreophila Simon, 1937 Pardosa paludicola (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa palustris (Linnaeus, 1758) Pardosa poecila (Herman, 1879) Pardosa prativaga (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa proxima (C.L.Koch, 1847) Pardosa pullata (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa riparia (C.L.Koch, 1833) Pardosa saltuaria (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa sordidata (Thorell, 1875) Pardosa sphagnicola (F.Dahl, 1908) Pardosa vittata (Keyserling, 1863) Pardosa wagleri (Hahn, 1822) Pirata insularis Emerton 1885 Pirata piraticus (Clerck, 1757) Pirata piscatorius (Clerck, 1757) Pirata tenuitarsis Simon, 1876 Pirata uliginosus (Thorell, 1856) Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae 61835 61840 61860 61862 61884 61897 61900 61901 61902 61903 61908 61909 61920 61922 61924 61928 61937 61942 61949 61950 61952 61953 61954 61959 61960 61962 61966 61969 61973 61976 61978 61980 61984 61985 61997 62000 62005 62008 62009 62013 62014 Aulonia albimana (Walckenaer, 1805) Geolycosa vultuosa (C.L.Koch, 1838) Hogna radiata (Latreille, 1817) Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata (Ohlert, 18 Lycosa singoriensis (Laxmann, 1770) Pardosa agrestis (Westring, 1861) Pardosa agricola (Thorell, 1856) Pardosa alacris (C.L.Koch, 1833) Pardosa albatula (Roewer, 1951) Pardosa amentata (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa bifasciata (C.L.Koch, 1834) Pardosa blanda (C. L. Koch, 1833) Pardosa evelinae Wunderlich, 1984 Pardosa ferruginea (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa fulvipes Collet, 1875 Pardosa hortensis (Thorell, 1872) Pardosa kratochvílli (Kolosváry, 1934a) Pardosa lugubris (Walckenaer, 1802) Pardosa monticola (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa morosa (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa nebulosa (Thorell, 1872) Pardosa nigra (C.L.Koch, 1834) Pardosa nigriceps (Thorell, 1856) Pardosa oreophila Simon, 1937 Pardosa paludicola (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa palustris (Linnaeus, 1758) Pardosa poecila (Herman, 1879) Pardosa prativaga (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa proxima (C.L.Koch, 1847) Pardosa pullata (Clerck, 1757) Pardosa riparia (C.L.Koch, 1833) Pardosa saltuaria (L.Koch, 1870) Pardosa sordidata (Thorell, 1875) Pardosa sphagnicola (F.Dahl, 1908) Pardosa vittata (Keyserling, 1863) Pardosa wagleri (Hahn, 1822) Piratula insularis (Emerton 1885) Pirata piraticus (Clerck, 1757) Pirata piscatorius (Clerck, 1757) Pirata tenuitarsis Simon, 1876 Pirata uliginosus (Thorell, 1856) Piratula hygrophila (Thorell, 1872) Piratula knorri (Scopoli, 1763) Piratula latitans (Blackwall, 1841) Trochosa robusta (Simon, 1876) Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778) Trochosa spinipalpis (F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1895) Trochosa terricola Thorell, 1856 Xerolycosa miniata (C.L.Koch, 1834) Xerolycosa nemoralis (Westring, 1861) Dolomedes fimbriatus (Clerck, 1757) Dolomedes plantarius (Clerck, 1757) Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck, 1757) Oxyopes heterophthalmus (Latreille, 1804) Oxyopes lineatus Latreille, 1806 Oxyopes ramosus (Martini & Goeze, 1778) Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Lycosidae Pisauridae Pisauridae Pisauridae Oxyopidae Oxyopidae Oxyopidae 62004 62006 62007 62027 62028 62029 62030 62035 62036 64295 64297 64300 63305 63308 63311 Piratula hygrophila (Thorell, 1872) Piratula knorri (Scopoli, 1763) Piratula latitans (Blackwall, 1841) Trochosa robusta (Simon, 1876) Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778) Trochosa spinipalpis (F.O.P.-Cambridge, 1895) Trochosa terricola Thorell, 1856 Xerolycosa miniata (C.L.Koch, 1834) Xerolycosa nemoralis (Westring, 1861) Dolomedes fimbriatus (Clerck, 1757) Dolomedes plantarius (Clerck, 1757) Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck, 1757) Oxyopes heterophthalmus (Latreille, 1804) Oxyopes lineatus Latreille, 1806 Oxyopes ramosus (Martini & Goeze, 1778) 154 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 154 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL 1 HU RL PL RL LC Crit 1 LC LC LC LC LC 1 RE? 1 CR 1 1 1 DD LC LC 1 1 1 VU 1 1 LC 1 1 VU LC LC 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 LC 1 LC LC CR 1 DD DD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 DD LC LC LC LC LC B1, D D LC LC 1 1 LC 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 EN 1 NT 1 1 D LC VU VU 1 RO RL LC LC LC D NT 1 1 LC LC Crit SK RL 1 NT 1 EN 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 1 LC LC LC 1 LC LC 1 1 1 1 LC 1 LC 1 1 1 1 VU NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 1 LC 1 LC 1 1 D 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 EN 1 VU VU 1 RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 VU 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 VU RE? 1 1 1 1 1 DD DD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 NT DD 1 1? 1 1 1 1 1 NT 1 1 1? 1 NT 1 1 1 NT VU 1 1 EN LC Crit 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT DD 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 DD 1 1 1 DD DD DD NT 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1? 1? 1 1 1 1 1 EN 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD B1a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT NT VU NT NT LC NT LC LC LC LC DD LC NT EN LC NT 155 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 155 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Zora armillata Simon, 1878 Zora distincta Kulczyński, 1915 Zora manicata Simon, 1878 Zora nemoralis (Blackwall, 1861) Zora parallela Simon, 1878 Zora pardalis Simon, 1878 Zora silvestris Kulczyński, 1897 Zora spinimana (Sundevall, 1833) Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757) Allagelena gracilens (C.L.Koch, 1841) Histopona luxurians (Kulczyński, 1897) Histopona torpida (C.L.Koch, 1837) Malthonica campestris (C.L.Koch, 1834) Malthonica ferruginea (Panzer, 1804) Malthonica pagana (C.L. Koch, 1840) Malthonica picta Simon, 1870 Malthonica silvestris (L.Koch, 1872) Tegenaria agrestis (Walckenaer, 1802) Tegenaria atrica C.L.Koch, 1843 Tegenaria domestica (Clerck, 1757) Tegenaria parietina (Fourcroy, 1785) Tegenaria tridentina L.Koch, 1872 Textrix denticulata (Olivier, 1789) Argyroneta aquatica (Clerck, 1757) Cybaeus angustiarum L.Koch, 1868 Cybaeus tetricus (C. L. Koch, 1839) Antistea elegans (Blackwall, 1841) Cryphoeca carpathica Herman, 1879 Cryphoeca silvicola (C.L.Koch, 1834) Hahnia candida Simon, 1875 Hahnia difficilis Harm, 1966 Hahnia helveola Simon, 1875 Hahnia montana (Blackwall, 1841) Hahnia nava (Blackwall, 1841) Hahnia ononidum Simon, 1875 Hahnia picta Kulczyński, 1897 Hahnia pusilla C.L.Koch, 1841 Altella biuncata (Miller, 1949) Altella lucida (Simon, 1874) Archaeodictyna ammophila (Menge, 1871) Archaeodictyna consecuta (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Zoridae Zoridae Zoridae Zoridae Zoridae Zoridae Zoridae Zoridae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Agelenidae Cybaeidae Cybaeidae Cybaeidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Hahniidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae 67758 67759 67761 67762 67764 67765 67767 67768 54569 54568 54590 54596 54611 54615 54622 54625 54632 54644 54644 54659 54686 54700 54706 56437 56440 56447 59172 59174 59181 59185 59186 59188 59194 59195 59196 59198 59199 56566 56568 56572 56573 Zora armillata Simon, 1878 Zora distincta Kulczyński, 1915 Zora manicata Simon, 1878 Zora nemoralis (Blackwall, 1861) Zora parallela Simon, 1878 Zora pardalis Simon, 1878 Zora silvestris Kulczyński, 1897 Zora spinimana (Sundevall, 1833) Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757) Allagelena gracilens (C.L.Koch, 1841) Histopona luxurians (Kulczyński, 1897) Histopona torpida (C.L.Koch, 1837) Tegenaria campestris (C.L.Koch, 1834) Tegenaria ferruginea (Panzer, 1804) Tegenaria pagana C.L. Koch, 1840 Eratigena picta (Simon, 1870) Tegenaria silvestris L.Koch, 1872 Eratigena agrestis (Walckenaer, 1802) Eratigena atrica (C.L.Koch, 1843) Tegenaria domestica (Clerck, 1757) Tegenaria parietina (Fourcroy, 1785) Tegenaria tridentina L.Koch, 1872 Textrix denticulata (Olivier, 1789) Argyroneta aquatica (Clerck, 1757) Cybaeus angustiarum L.Koch, 1868 Cybaeus tetricus (C. L. Koch, 1839) Antistea elegans (Blackwall, 1841) Cryphoeca carpathica Herman, 1879 Cryphoeca silvicola (C.L.Koch, 1834) Hahnia candida Simon, 1875 Hahnia difficilis Harm, 1966 Hahnia helveola Simon, 1875 Hahnia montana (Blackwall, 1841) Hahnia nava (Blackwall, 1841) Hahnia ononidum Simon, 1875 Hahnia picta Kulczyński, 1897 Hahnia pusilla C.L.Koch, 1841 Altella biuncata (Miller, 1949) Altella lucida (Simon, 1874) Archaeodictyna ammophila (Menge, 1871) Archaeodictyna consecuta (O.P.-Cambridge, 1872) Archaeodictyna minutissima (Miller, 1954) Argenna patula (Simon, 1874) Argenna subnigra (O.P.-Cambridge, 1861) Brommella falcigera (Balogh, 1935) Cicurina cicur (Fabricius, 1793) Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) Dictyna civica (Lucas, 1850) Dictyna latens (Fabricius, 1775) Dictyna major Menge, 1869 Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 Dictyna vicina Simon, 1873 Emblyna annulipes (Blackwall, 1846) Emblyna brevidens (Kulczyński, 1897) Lathys humilis (Blackwall, 1855) Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae 56574 56576 56577 56578 56582 56590 56591 56599 56600 56602 56606 56608 56610 56611 56620 Archaeodictyna minutissima (Miller, 1954) Argenna patula (Simon, 1874) Argenna subnigra (O.P.-Cambridge, 1861) Brommella falcigera (Balogh, 1935) Cicurina cicur (Fabricius, 1793) Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758) Dictyna civica (Lucas, 1850) Dictyna latens (Fabricius, 1775) Dictyna major Menge, 1869 Dictyna pusilla Thorell, 1856 Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 Dictyna vicina Simon, 1873 Emblyna annulipes (Blackwall, 1846) Emblyna brevidens (Kulczyński, 1897) Lathys humilis (Blackwall, 1855) 156 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 156 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL EN EN NT 1 EN DD 1 1 1 1 HU RL PL RL EN LC LC 1 1 1 1 LC LC LC 1 DD 1 1 1 1 LC LC LC 1 1 1 LC LC LC LC LC 1 1 1 1 LC LC LC LC LC 1 1 DD LC DD LC DD 1 LC 1 1 EN 1 1 1 EN CR LC NT LC LC LC LC RO RL D 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 Crit EN 1 EN VU 1 CR D D LC LC LC D Crit SK RL EN VU NT 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 1? 1 1 1 1? 1 1 1 1 1? 1? 1 EN 1 Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD 1 1 NT 1 VU 1 VU 1 1 EN 1 VU VU 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 VU 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 LC DD EN 1 1 1 1 LC LC 1 1 ? EN NT 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 1 D2 LC 1 1 1 LC 1 DD EN 1 VU 1 1 1 1 CR 1 1 DD NT VU 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 EN 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x VU EN NT VU LC VU x DD VU VU NT LC EN VU LC DD DD EN VU VU DD NT VU 157 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 157 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Lathys stigmatisata (Menge, 1869) Marilynia bicolor (Simon, 1870) Mastigusa arietina (Thorell, 1871) Mastigusa macrophthalma (Kulczynski, 1897) Nigma flavescens (Walckenaer, 1830) Nigma walckenaeri (Roewer, 1951) Amaurobius erberi (Keyserling, 1863) Amaurobius fenestralis (Stroem, 1768) Amaurobius ferox (Walckenaer, 1830) Amaurobius jugorum L.Koch, 1868 Amaurobius obustus L. Koch, 1868 Amaurobius pallidus L.Koch, 1868 Callobius claustrarius (Hahn, 1833) Coelotes atropos (Walckenaer, 1830) Coelotes mediocris Kulczyński, 1887 Coelotes pickardi carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 syn Coelotes pastor carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 Coelotes terrestris (Wider, 1834) Eurocoelotes falciger (Kulczynski, 1897) Inermocoelotes inermis (L.Koch, 1855) Urocoras longispinus (Kulczyński, 1897) Titanoeca psammophila Wunderlich, 1993 Titanoeca quadriguttata (Hahn, 1833) Titanoeca schineri L.Koch, 1872 Titanoeca tristis L.Koch, 1872 Titanoeca veteranica Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 Cheiracanthium cuniculum Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) Cheiracanthium mildei L.Koch, 1864 Cheiracanthium montanum L.Koch, 1878 Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 Cheiracanthium pelasgicum (C. L. Koch, 1837) Cheiracanthium pennyi O.P.-Cambridge, 1873 Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) Cheiracanthium rupestre Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium seidlitzii L.Koch, 1864 Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) Anyphaena accentuata (Walckenaer, 1802) Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Dictynidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae 56628 56631 56632 56634 56636 56641 54790 54791 54792 54796 54801 54805 54818 54822 54826 54829 Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Amaurobiidae Titanoecidae Titanoecidae Titanoecidae Titanoecidae Titanoecidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Miturgidae Anyphaenidae 54840 54848 54850 54858 66702 66703 66704 66705 66707 62362 62365 62366 62367 62368 62377 62378 62380 62381 62383 62384 62385 62387 62389 55043 Lathys stigmatisata (Menge, 1869) Marilynia bicolor (Simon, 1870) Mastigusa arietina (Thorell, 1871) Mastigusa macrophthalma (Kulczynski, 1897) Nigma flavescens (Walckenaer, 1830) Nigma walckenaeri (Roewer, 1951) Amaurobius erberi (Keyserling, 1863) Amaurobius fenestralis (Stroem, 1768) Amaurobius ferox (Walckenaer, 1830) Amaurobius jugorum L.Koch, 1868 Amaurobius obustus L. Koch, 1868 Amaurobius pallidus L.Koch, 1868 Callobius claustrarius (Hahn, 1833) Coelotes atropos (Walckenaer, 1830) Coelotes mediocris Kulczyński, 1887 Coelotes pickardi carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 syn Coelotes pastor carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 Coelotes terrestris (Wider, 1834) Eurocoelotes falciger (Kulczynski, 1897) Inermocoelotes inermis (L.Koch, 1855) Urocoras longispinus (Kulczyński, 1897) Titanoeca psammophila Wunderlich, 1993 Titanoeca quadriguttata (Hahn, 1833) Titanoeca schineri L.Koch, 1872 Titanoeca tristis L.Koch, 1872 Titanoeca veteranica Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944 Cheiracanthium cuniculum Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875 Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) Cheiracanthium mildei L.Koch, 1864 Cheiracanthium montanum L.Koch, 1878 Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871 Cheiracanthium pelasgicum (C. L. Koch, 1837) Cheiracanthium pennyi O.P.-Cambridge, 1873 Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789) Cheiracanthium rupestre Herman, 1879 Cheiracanthium seidlitzii L.Koch, 1864 Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833) Anyphaena accentuata (Walckenaer, 1802) Anyphaena furva Miller, 1967 Agroeca brunnea (Blackwall, 1833) Agroeca cuprea Menge, 1873 Agroeca lusatica (L.Koch, 1875) Agroeca proxima (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Apostenus fuscus Westring, 1851 Liocranoeca striata (Kulczyński, 1882) Liocranum rupicola (Walckenaer, 1830) Mesiotelus annulipes (Kulczyński, 1897) Sagana rutilans Thorell, 1875 Scotina celans (Blackwall, 1841) Scotina palliardi (L.Koch, 1881) Clubiona alpicola Kulczyński, 1882 Clubiona brevipes Blackwall, 1841 Clubiona caerulescens L.Koch, 1867 Anyphaenidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Liocranidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae 55045 61653 61654 61658 61661 61663 61679 61687 61691 61700 61701 61704 56292 56296 56297 Anyphaena furva Miller, 1967 Agroeca brunnea (Blackwall, 1833) Agroeca cuprea Menge, 1873 Agroeca lusatica (L.Koch, 1875) Agroeca proxima (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Apostenus fuscus Westring, 1851 Liocranoeca striata (Kulczyński, 1882) Liocranum rupicola (Walckenaer, 1830) Mesiotelus annulipes (Kulczyński, 1897) Sagana rutilans Thorell, 1875 Scotina celans (Blackwall, 1841) Scotina palliardi (L.Koch, 1881) Clubiona alpicola Kulczyński, 1882 Clubiona brevipes Blackwall, 1841 Clubiona caerulescens L.Koch, 1867 158 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 158 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL Crit RO RL Crit SK RL Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL VU 1 1 1 CR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 1 LC v LC 1? LC 1 LC LC EN 1 1 1 1 1 1 1? DD 1 LC B2a,b, C2a, D1 EN 1 1 1 DD 1 1 1? 1 1 DD 1 1 1 NT 1 1 1 1 1 RE? 1 1 DD LC 1 LC LC 1 LC LC LC 1 NT 1 EN EN EN 1 1 EN 1 1 1 VU 1 1 NT EN 1 NT 1 1 1 NT VU LC 1 LC 1 1 1 1? 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD DD EN 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 EN EN LC VU NT LC 1 1 VU EN 1 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 LC 1 LC DD LC 1 NT EN 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 D2 1 LC EN 1 1 1 EN 1 1 EN EN 1 NT 1 1 NT 1 NT 1 NT 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 DD NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT NT LC DD NT DD NT LC EN NT VU NT LC NT NT LC VU EN NT NT DD LC NT LC LC 159 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 159 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Clubiona comta C.L.Koch, 1839 Clubiona corticalis (Walckenaer, 1802) Clubiona diversa O.P.-Cambridge, 1862 Clubiona frisia Wunderlich & Schuett, 1995 Clubiona frutetorum L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona genevensis L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona germanica Thorell, 1871 Clubiona juvenis Simon, 1878 Clubiona kulczynskii Lessert, 1905 Clubiona leucaspis Simon, 1932 Clubiona lutescens Westring, 1851 Clubiona marmorata L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona neglecta O.P.-Cambridge, 1862 Clubiona norvegica Strand, 1900 Clubiona pallidula (Clerck, 1757) Clubiona phragmitis C.L.Koch, 1843 Clubiona pseudoneglecta Wunderlich, 1994 Clubiona reclusa O.P.-Cambridge, 1863 Clubiona rosserae Locket, 1953 Clubiona saxatilis L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona similis L. Koch, 1867 Clubiona stagnatilis Kulczyński, 1897 Clubiona subsultans Thorell, 1875 Clubiona subtilis L.Koch, 1867 Clubiona terrestris Westring, 1851 Clubiona trivialis C.L.Koch, 1843 Cetonana laticeps (Canestrini, 1868) Phrurolithus festivus (C.L.Koch, 1835) Phrurolithus minimus C.L.Koch, 1839 Phrurolithus nigrinus (Simon, 1878) Phrurolithus pullatus Kulczyński, 1897 Phrurolithus szilyi Herman, 1879 Zodarion aculeatum Chyzer, 1897 Zodarion germanicum (C.L.Koch, 1837) Zodarion rubidum Simon, 1914 Aphantaulax cincta (L.Koch, 1866) Aphantaulax trifasciata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) Berlandina cinerea (Menge, 1872) Callilepis nocturna (Linnaeus, 1758) Callilepis schuszteri (Herman, 1879) Cryptodrassus hungaricus (Balogh, 1935) Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Clubionidae Corinnidae Corinnidae Corinnidae Corinnidae Corinnidae Corinnidae Zodariidae Zodariidae Zodariidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae 56299 56303 56307 56309 56310 56311 56312 56316 56317 56318 56319 56320 56324 56325 56327 56328 56331 56334 56337 56342 56343 56344 56345 56346 56347 56348 56354 56360 56362 56363 56364 56367 67676 67703 67741 58684 58686 58692 58701 58702 58707 Clubiona comta C.L.Koch, 1839 Clubiona corticalis (Walckenaer, 1802) Clubiona diversa O.P.-Cambridge, 1862 Clubiona frisia Wunderlich & Schuett, 1995 Clubiona frutetorum L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona genevensis L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona germanica Thorell, 1871 Clubiona juvenis Simon, 1878 Clubiona kulczynskii Lessert, 1905 Clubiona leucaspis Simon, 1932 Clubiona lutescens Westring, 1851 Clubiona marmorata L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona neglecta O.P.-Cambridge, 1862 Clubiona norvegica Strand, 1900 Clubiona pallidula (Clerck, 1757) Clubiona phragmitis C.L.Koch, 1843 Clubiona pseudoneglecta Wunderlich, 1994 Clubiona reclusa O.P.-Cambridge, 1863 Clubiona rosserae Locket, 1953 Clubiona saxatilis L.Koch, 1866 Clubiona similis L. Koch, 1867 Clubiona stagnatilis Kulczyński, 1897 Clubiona subsultans Thorell, 1875 Clubiona subtilis L.Koch, 1867 Clubiona terrestris Westring, 1851 Clubiona trivialis C.L.Koch, 1843 Cetonana laticeps (Canestrini, 1868) Phrurolithus festivus (C.L.Koch, 1835) Phrurolithus minimus C.L.Koch, 1839 Phrurolithus nigrinus (Simon, 1878) Phrurolithus pullatus Kulczyński, 1897 Phrurolithus szilyi Herman, 1879 Zodarion aculeatum Chyzer, 1897 Zodarion germanicum (C.L.Koch, 1837) Zodarion rubidum Simon, 1914 Aphantaulax cincta (L.Koch, 1866) Aphantaulax trifasciata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) Berlandina cinerea (Menge, 1872) Callilepis nocturna (Linnaeus, 1758) Callilepis schuszteri (Herman, 1879) Cryptodrassus hungaricus (Balogh, 1935) Drassodes cupreus (Blackwall, 1834) Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) Drassodes pubescens (Thorell, 1856) Drassodes villosus (Thorell, 1856) Drassodex hypocrita (Simon, 1878) Drassyllus lutetianus (L.Koch, 1866) Drassyllus praeficus (L.Koch, 1866) Drassyllus pumilus (C.L.Koch, 1839) Drassyllus pusillus (C.L.Koch, 1833) Drassyllus villicus (Thorell, 1875) Drassyllus vinealis (Kulczyński, 1897) Echemus angustifrons (Westring, 1861) Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878 Gnaphosa bicolor (Hahn, 1833) Gnaphosa fallax Herman, 1879 Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae 58718 58725 58744 58759 58766 58769 58770 58772 58773 58775 58776 58778 58782 58788 58795 Drassodes cupreus (Blackwall, 1834) Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) Drassodes pubescens (Thorell, 1856) Drassodes villosus (Thorell, 1856) Drassodex hypocrita (Simon, 1878) Drassyllus lutetianus (L.Koch, 1866) Drassyllus praeficus (L.Koch, 1866) Drassyllus pumilus (C.L.Koch, 1839) Drassyllus pusillus (C.L.Koch, 1833) Drassyllus villicus (Thorell, 1875) Drassyllus vinealis (Kulczyński, 1897) Echemus angustifrons (Westring, 1861) Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878 Gnaphosa bicolor (Hahn, 1833) Gnaphosa fallax Herman, 1879 160 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 160 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL HU RL PL RL 1 LC 1 LC Crit RO RL Crit SK RL 1 1 1 LC LC 1 NT NT 1 EN DD 1 1 1 LC LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 NT 1 DD 1 1 1 DD DD DD 1 1 1 1 1 CR 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 CR 1 1 1 1 NT 1 1 1 1 1 VU VU 1 1 1 1 1 LC LC LC 1 CR LC LC 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 NT 1 1 EN RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 NT VU 1 1 CR 1 Crit 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 LC LC 1 LC LC 1 1 1 LC NT 1 DD DD NT 1 LC LC LC LC LC LC LC NT LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1? 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 EN CR VU 1 1 VU B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 1 EN EN 1 RE? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 EN 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 syn. 1 ? LC LC LC DD NT EN NT LC LC LC NT EN EN NT EN EN EN 161 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 161 27.8.2014 22:36:26 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Gnaphosa leporina (L. Koch, 1866) Gnaphosa lucifuga (Walckenaer, 1802) Gnaphosa lugubris (C.L.Koch, 1839) Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1939 Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński, 1897 G. alpica Simon, 1878 Gnaphosa moesta Thorell, 1875 Gnaphosa montana (L.Koch, 1866) Gnaphosa muscorum (L.Koch, 1866) Gnaphosa nigerrima L.Koch, 1877 Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879 Gnaphosa petrobia L. Koch, 1872 Haplodrassus cognatus (Westring, 1861) Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L.Koch, 1866) Haplodrassus kulczynskii Lohmander, 1942 Haplodrassus minor (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Haplodrassus moderatus (Kulczyński, 1897) Haplodrassus severus (C.L.Koch, 1839) Haplodrassus signifer (C.L.Koch, 1839) Haplodrassus silvestris (Blackwall, 1833) Haplodrassus soerenseni (Strand, 1900) Haplodrassus umbratilis (L.Koch, 1866) Kishidaia conspicua (L.Koch, 1866) Micaria albovittata (Lucas, 1846) Micaria coarctata (Lucas, 1846) Micaria dives (Lucas, 1846) Micaria formicaria (Sundevall, 1832) Micaria fulgens (Walckenaer, 1802) Micaria guttulata (C.L.Koch, 1839) Micaria lenzi Bösenberg, 1899 Micaria nivosa L.Koch, 1866 Micaria pulicaria (Sundevall, 1831) Micaria rossica Thorell, 1875 Micaria silesiaca L.Koch, 1875 Micaria sociabilis Kulczyński, 1897 Micaria subopaca Westring, 1861 Nomisia aussereri (L. Koch, 1872) Nomisia exornata (C.L.Koch, 1839) Parasyrisca vinosa (Simon, 1878) Phaeocedus braccatus (L.Koch, 1866) Poecilochroa variana (C.L.Koch, 1839) Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae 58803 58806 58808 58809 58810 Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae 58811 58813 58815 58817 58822 58825 58847 58851 58855 58858 58859 58861 58862 58863 58864 58866 58868 58880 58886 58889 58892 58893 58898 58901 58902 58905 58906 58908 58911 58912 58916 58919 58930 58932 58944 Gnaphosa leporina (L. Koch, 1866) Gnaphosa lucifuga (Walckenaer, 1802) Gnaphosa lugubris (C.L.Koch, 1839) Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1939 Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński, 1897 G. alpica Simon, 1878 Gnaphosa moesta Thorell, 1875 Gnaphosa montana (L.Koch, 1866) Gnaphosa muscorum (L.Koch, 1866) Gnaphosa nigerrima L.Koch, 1877 Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879 Gnaphosa petrobia L. Koch, 1872 Haplodrassus cognatus (Westring, 1861) Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L.Koch, 1866) Haplodrassus kulczynskii Lohmander, 1942 Haplodrassus minor (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879) Haplodrassus moderatus (Kulczyński, 1897) Haplodrassus severus (C.L.Koch, 1839) Haplodrassus signifer (C.L.Koch, 1839) Haplodrassus silvestris (Blackwall, 1833) Haplodrassus soerenseni (Strand, 1900) Haplodrassus umbratilis (L.Koch, 1866) Kishidaia conspicua (L.Koch, 1866) Micaria albovittata (Lucas, 1846) Micaria coarctata (Lucas, 1846) Micaria dives (Lucas, 1846) Micaria formicaria (Sundevall, 1832) Micaria fulgens (Walckenaer, 1802) Micaria guttulata (C.L.Koch, 1839) Micaria lenzi Bösenberg, 1899 Micaria nivosa L.Koch, 1866 Micaria pulicaria (Sundevall, 1831) Micaria rossica Thorell, 1875 Micaria silesiaca L.Koch, 1875 Micaria sociabilis Kulczyński, 1897 Micaria subopaca Westring, 1861 Nomisia aussereri (L. Koch, 1872) Nomisia exornata (C.L.Koch, 1839) Parasyrisca vinosa (Simon, 1878) Phaeocedus braccatus (L.Koch, 1866) Poecilochroa variana (C.L.Koch, 1839) Scotophaeus blackwalli (Thorell, 1871) Scotophaeus quadripunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Scotophaeus scutulatus (L.Koch, 1866) Sosticus loricatus (L.Koch, 1866) Trachyzelotes barbatus (L. Koch, 1866) Trachyzelotes pedestris (C.L.Koch, 1837) Zelotes aeneus (Simon, 1878) Zelotes apricorum (L.Koch, 1876) Zelotes atrocaeruleus (Simon, 1878) Zelotes aurantiacus Miller, 1967 Zelotes caucasius (L.Koch, 1866) Zelotes clivicola (L.Koch, 1870) Zelotes electus (C.L.Koch, 1839) Zelotes erebeus (Thorell, 1871) Zelotes exiguus (Müller & Schenkel, 1895) Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae 58970 58981 58983 58996 59003 59013 59021 59024 59027 59028 59035 59038 59051 59052 59053 Scotophaeus blackwalli (Thorell, 1871) Scotophaeus quadripunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Scotophaeus scutulatus (L.Koch, 1866) Sosticus loricatus (L.Koch, 1866) Trachyzelotes barbatus (L. Koch, 1866) Trachyzelotes pedestris (C.L.Koch, 1837) Zelotes aeneus (Simon, 1878) Zelotes apricorum (L.Koch, 1876) Zelotes atrocaeruleus (Simon, 1878) Zelotes aurantiacus Miller, 1967 Civizelotes caucasius (L.Koch, 1866) Zelotes clivicola (L.Koch, 1870) Zelotes electus (C.L.Koch, 1839) Zelotes erebeus (Thorell, 1871) Zelotes exiguus (Müller & Schenkel, 1895) 162 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 162 27.8.2014 22:36:26 CZ RL 1 1 HU RL PL RL Crit RO RL 1 LC LC LC VU B1a LC DD Crit SK RL Crit 1 1 EN DD RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD LC VU NT LC EN EN 1 LC D D 1 NT 1 1 1 DD VU NT 1 DD 1 1 LC 1 1 LC LC 1 VU CR EN NT 1 EN CR EN 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 LC NT LC 1 LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 LC LC EN 1 LC 1 LC LC LC 1 1 LC NT 1 DD 1? 1 1 EN 1 1 VU EN 1 1 1 VU DD LC 1 CR 1 EN VU B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 VU B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 LC LC 1 1 D LC 1 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 VU 1 1 VU 1 VU 1 CR 1 NT 1 1 1 VU 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1? B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 DD 1 NT 1 1 RE? 1 VU 1 CR NT VU 1 1 1 DD DD DD? B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU DD LC VU NT DD NT VU NT NT LC VU VU LC CR VU NT LC NT NT NT NT NT LC NT VU LC VU 163 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 163 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Zelotes gracilis (Canestrini, 1868) Zelotes hermani (Chyzer, 1897) Zelotes latreillei (Simon, 1878) Zelotes longipes (L.Koch, 1866) Zelotes mundus (Kulczyński, 1897) Zelotes oblongus (C.L. Koch, 1833) Zelotes petrensis (C.L.Koch, 1839) Zelotes puritanus Chamberlin, 1922 Zelotes pygmaeus Miller, 1943 Zelotes segrex (Simon, 1878) Zelotes subterraneus (C.L.Koch, 1833) Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767) Micrommata virescens (Clerck, 1757) Micrommata virescens ornata (Walckenaer, 1802) Philodromus albidus Kulczyński, 1897 Philodromus aureolus (Clerck, 1757) Philodromus buchari Kubcová, 2004 Philodromus buxi Simon, 1884 Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer, 1802) Philodromus collinus C.L.Koch, 1835 Philodromus corticinus (C.L.Koch, 1837) Philodromus dispar Walckenaer, 1826 Philodromus emarginatus (Schrank, 1803) Philodromus fallax Sundevall, 1833 Philodromus fuscolimbatus Lucas, 1846 Philodromus fuscomarginatus (De Geer, 1778) Philodromus histrio (Latreille, 1819) Philodromus longipalpis Simon, 1870 Philodromus margaritatus (Clerck, 1757) Philodromus marmoratus Kulczyński, 1891 Philodromus poecilus (Thorell, 1872) Philodromus praedatus O.P.-Cambridge, 1871 Philodromus rufus Walckenaer, 1826 Philodromus vagulus Simon, 1875 Thanatus arenarius Thorell, 1872 Thanatus atratus Simon, 1875 Thanatus coloradensis Keyserling, 1880 Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757) Thanatus pictus L.Koch, 1881 Thanatus sabulosus (Menge, 1875) Thanatus striatus C.L.Koch, 1845 Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae Sparassidae Sparassidae Sparassidae Sparassidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae 59064 59066 59075 59077 59086 59091 59098 59104 59105 59114 59121 65405 65413 65412 63721 63724 63729 63730 63733 63734 63735 63739 63742 63743 63744 63745 63750 63754 63756 63757 63764 63765 63770 63773 63779 63782 63784 63790 63803 63806 63807 Civizelotes gracilis (Canestrini, 1868) Zelotes hermani (Chyzer, 1897) Zelotes latreillei (Simon, 1878) Zelotes longipes (L.Koch, 1866) Zelotes mundus (Kulczyński, 1897) Zelotes oblongus (C.L. Koch, 1833) Zelotes petrensis (C.L.Koch, 1839) Zelotes puritanus Chamberlin, 1922 Civizelotes pygmaeus (Miller, 1943) Zelotes segrex (Simon, 1878) Zelotes subterraneus (C.L.Koch, 1833) Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767) Micrommata virescens (Clerck, 1757) Micrommata virescens ornata (Walckenaer, 1802) Philodromus albidus Kulczyński, 1897 Philodromus aureolus (Clerck, 1757) Philodromus buchari Kubcová, 2004 Philodromus buxi Simon, 1884 Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer, 1802) Philodromus collinus C.L.Koch, 1835 Philodromus laricium Simon, 1875 Philodromus dispar Walckenaer, 1826 Philodromus emarginatus (Schrank, 1803) Philodromus fallax Sundevall, 1833 Philodromus fuscolimbatus Lucas, 1846 Philodromus fuscomarginatus (De Geer, 1778) Philodromus histrio (Latreille, 1819) Philodromus longipalpis Simon, 1870 Philodromus margaritatus (Clerck, 1757) Philodromus marmoratus Kulczyński, 1891 Philodromus poecilus (Thorell, 1872) Philodromus praedatus O.P.-Cambridge, 1871 Philodromus rufus Walckenaer, 1826 Philodromus vagulus Simon, 1875 Thanatus arenarius Thorell, 1872 Thanatus atratus Simon, 1875 Thanatus coloradensis Keyserling, 1880 Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757) Thanatus pictus L.Koch, 1881 Thanatus sabulosus (Menge, 1875) Thanatus striatus C.L.Koch, 1845 Thanatus vulgaris Simon, 1870 Tibellus macellus Simon, 1875 Tibellus maritimus (Menge, 1875) Tibellus oblongus (Walckenaer, 1802) Coriarachne depressa (C.L.Koch, 1837) Cozyptila blackwalli (Simon, 1875) Diaea dorsata (Fabricius, 1777) Diaea livens Simon, 1876 Ebrechtella tricuspidata (Fabricius, 1775) Heriaeus hirtus (Latreille, 1819) Heriaeus melloteei Simon, 1886 Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757) Monaeses paradoxus (Lucas, 1846) Ozyptila atomaria (Panzer, 1801) Ozyptila brevipes (Hahn, 1826) Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Philodromidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae 63809 63811 63812 63815 66492 66493 66496 66498 66499 66503 66505 66512 66514 66518 66522 Thanatus vulgaris Simon, 1870 = auratus Simon, 1875 Tibellus macellus Simon, 1875 Tibellus maritimus (Menge, 1875) Tibellus oblongus (Walckenaer, 1802) Coriarachne depressa (C.L.Koch, 1837) Cozyptila blackwalli (Simon, 1875) Diaea dorsata (Fabricius, 1777) Diaea livens Simon, 1876 Ebrechtella tricuspidata (Fabricius, 1775) Heriaeus hirtus (Latreille, 1819) Heriaeus melloteei Simon, 1886 Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757) Monaeses paradoxus (Lucas, 1846) Ozyptila atomaria (Panzer, 1801) Ozyptila brevipes (Hahn, 1826) 164 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 164 27.8.2014 22:36:27 CZ RL HU RL PL RL Crit NT 1 1 LC RO RL 1 DD 1 LC 1 1 Crit SK RL Crit 1 1 1 1 RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 1 LC 1 LC DD 1 1 1 NT EN 1 LC 1 LC 1 LC 1 LC DD 1 1 DD 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 DD DD 1 1 LC NT EN DD DD 1 1 1? 1 EN 1 NT 1 1 CR LC LC 1 D LC LC 1 NT NT CR 1 1 1 1 1 EN 1 NT LC LC LC 1 1 LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 LC 1 1 EN LC 1 LC 1 LC DD 1 LC 1 EN VU EN 1 CR? 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 DD RE? NT NT 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 DD 1 EN EN NT NT CR 1 1 1 1 1 VU 1 EN DD 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1? 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 VU 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 DD 1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 syn. 1 1 1 1 DD DD VU NT EN DD NT NT LC LC VU VU NT LC EN VU DD NT 165 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 165 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Ozyptila claveata (Walckenaer, 1837) Ozyptila gertschi Kurata, 1944 Ozyptila praticola (C.L.Koch, 1837) Ozyptila pullata (Thorell, 1875) Ozyptila rauda Simon, 1875 Ozyptila scabricula (Westring, 1851) Ozyptila simplex (O.P.-Cambridge, 186 Ozyptila trux (Blackwall, 1846) Pistius truncatus (Pallas, 1772) Runcinia grammica (C.L.Koch, 1837) Synema globosum (Fabricius, 1775) Thomisus onustus Walckenaer, 1806 Tmarus piger (Walckenaer, 1802) Tmarus stellio Simon, 1875 Xysticus acerbus Thorell, 1872 Xysticus albomaculatus Kulczyński, 1891 Xysticus alpicola Kulczyński, 1882 Xysticus audax (Schrank, 1803) Xysticus bifasciatus C.L.Koch, 1837 Xysticus bliteus (Simon, 1875) Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757) Xysticus desidiosus Simon, 1875 Xysticus embriki Kolosváry, 1935 Xysticus erraticus (Blackwall, 1834) Xysticus ferrugineus Menge, 1876 Xysticus gallicus Simon, 1875 Xysticus kempeleni Thorell, 1872 Xysticus kochi Thorell, 1872 Xysticus lanio C.L.Koch, 1835 Xysticus lineatus (Westring, 1851) Xysticus luctator L.Koch, 1870 Xysticus luctuosus (Blackwall, 1836) Xysticus marmoratus Thorell, 1875 Xysticus ninnii Thorell, 1872 Xysticus obscurus Collett, 1877 Xysticus robustus (Hahn, 1832) Xysticus sabulosus (Hahn, 1832) Xysticus slovacus Svaton, Pekar & Pridavka, 1999 Xysticus strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Xysticus striatipes L.Koch, 1870 Xysticus ulmi (Hahn, 1832) Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae 66523 66530 66539 66540 66541 66544 66546 66552 66555 66556 66560 66569 66574 66579 66583 66586 66587 66593 66595 66596 66611 66612 66616 66618 66619 66623 66632 66633 66637 66640 66642 66643 66646 66650 66653 66659 66660 66666 66669 66670 66678 Ozyptila claveata (Walckenaer, 1837) Ozyptila gertschi Kurata, 1944 Ozyptila praticola (C.L.Koch, 1837) Ozyptila pullata (Thorell, 1875) Ozyptila rauda Simon, 1875 Ozyptila scabricula (Westring, 1851) Ozyptila simplex (O.P.-Cambridge, 186 Ozyptila trux (Blackwall, 1846) Pistius truncatus (Pallas, 1772) Runcinia grammica (C.L.Koch, 1837) Synema globosum (Fabricius, 1775) Thomisus onustus Walckenaer, 1806 Tmarus piger (Walckenaer, 1802) Tmarus stellio Simon, 1875 Xysticus acerbus Thorell, 1872 Xysticus albomaculatus Kulczyński, 1891 Xysticus alpicola Kulczyński, 1882 Xysticus audax (Schrank, 1803) Xysticus bifasciatus C.L.Koch, 1837 Xysticus bliteus (Simon, 1875) Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757) Xysticus desidiosus Simon, 1875 Xysticus embriki Kolosváry, 1935 Xysticus erraticus (Blackwall, 1834) Xysticus ferrugineus Menge, 1876 Xysticus gallicus Simon, 1875 Xysticus kempeleni Thorell, 1872 Xysticus kochi Thorell, 1872 Xysticus lanio C.L.Koch, 1835 Xysticus lineatus (Westring, 1851) Xysticus luctator L.Koch, 1870 Xysticus luctuosus (Blackwall, 1836) Xysticus marmoratus Thorell, 1875 Xysticus ninnii Thorell, 1872 Xysticus obscurus Collett, 1877 Xysticus robustus (Hahn, 1832) Xysticus sabulosus (Hahn, 1832) Xysticus slovacus Svaton, Pekar & Pridavka, 1999 Xysticus strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Xysticus striatipes L.Koch, 1870 Xysticus ulmi (Hahn, 1832) Xysticus viduus Kulczyński, 1898 Aelurillus v-insignitus (Clerck, 1757) Afraflacilla epiblemoides (Chyzer, 1891) Asianellus festivus (C.L.Koch, 1834) Attulus helveolus (Simon, 1871) Ballus chalybeius (Walckenaer, 1802) Carrhotus xanthogramma (Latreille, 1819) Chalcoscirtus brevicymbialis Wunderlich, 1980 Chalcoscirtus infimus (Simon, 1868) Cyrba algerina (Lucas, 1846) Dendryphantes hastatus (Clerck, 1757) Dendryphantes rudis (Sundevall, 1833) Euophrys frontalis (Walckenaer, 1802) Evarcha arcuata (Clerck, 1757) Evarcha falcata (Clerck, 1757) Thomisidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae 66681 64816 64817 64818 64820 64823 64832 64835 64838 64846 64850 64855 64863 64888 64891 Xysticus viduus Kulczyński, 1898 Aelurillus v-insignitus (Clerck, 1757) Afraflacilla epiblemoides (Chyzer, 1891) Asianellus festivus (C.L.Koch, 1834) Attulus helveolus (Simon, 1871) Ballus chalybeius (Walckenaer, 1802) Carrhotus xanthogramma (Latreille, 1819) Chalcoscirtus brevicymbialis Wunderlich, 1980 Chalcoscirtus infimus (Simon, 1868) Cyrba algerina (Lucas, 1846) Dendryphantes hastatus (Clerck, 1757) Dendryphantes rudis (Sundevall, 1833) Euophrys frontalis (Walckenaer, 1802) Evarcha arcuata (Clerck, 1757) Evarcha falcata (Clerck, 1757) 166 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 166 27.8.2014 22:36:27 CZ RL HU RL PL RL 1 NT 1 1 1 VU 1 NT 1 1 LC 1 1 EN 1 1 1 1 LC LC LC Crit 1 1 D 1 1 1 RO RL 1 1 1 1 LC 1 LC 1 LC 1 LC Crit SK RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 RE? 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 EN 1 LC 1 EN EN EN 1 1 1 1 NT LC VU LC 1 LC LC 1 1 LC LC 1 1 EN 1 1 1 D B1a, D2 LC 1 LC LC 1 1 1 LC 1 1 1 CR 1 1 LC LC B1A, D LC LC Crit DD 1 1 VU NT 1 1 NT 1 LC DD 1 EN 1 NT LC RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 DD 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 1 1 CR 1 LC 1 LC 1 DD 1 1 NT VU LC 1 1 LC LC DD 1 1 1 1 LC LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC 1 LC LC LC 1 1 1 DD DD LC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 syn. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 syn. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NT DD DD VU VU LC NT DD LC VU LC NT DD LC VU DD LC 167 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 167 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Evarcha jucunda (Lucas, 1846) Evarcha laetabunda (C.L.Koch, 1846) Heliophanus aeneus (Hahn, 1831) Heliophanus auratus C.L.Koch, 1835 Heliophanus cupreus (Walckenaer, 1802) Heliophanus dampfi Schenkel, 1923 Heliophanus dubius C.L.Koch, 1835 Heliophanus flavipes (Hahn, 1832) Heliophanus kochii Simon, 1868 Heliophanus lineiventris Simon, 1868 Heliophanus melinus L.Koch, 1867 Heliophanus patagiatus Thorell, 1875 Heliophanus simplex Simon, 1868 Heliophanus tribulosus Simon, 1868 Leptorchestes berolinensis (C.L.Koch, 1846) Macaroeris nidicolens (Walckenaer, 1802) Marpissa muscosa (Clerck, 1757) Marpissa nivoyi (Lucas, 1846) Marpissa pomatia (Walckenaer, 1802) Marpissa radiata (Grube, 1859) Mendoza canestrini (Ninni, 1868) Myrmarachne formicaria (De Geer, 1778) Neon levis (Simon, 1871) Neon pictus Kulczynski, 1891 Neon rayi (Simon, 1875) Neon reticulatus (Blackwall, 1853) Neon valentulus Falconer, 1912 Pellenes nigrociliatus (Simon, 1875) Pellenes seriatus (Thorell, 1875) Pellenes tripunctatus (Walckenaer, 1802) Philaeus chrysops (Poda, 1761) Philaeus varicus (Simon, 1868) Phintella castriesiana (Grube, 1861) Phlegra bresnieri (Lucas, 1846) Phlegra cinereofasciata Simon, 1868 Phlegra fasciata (Hahn, 1826) Pseudeuophrys erratica (Walckenaer, 1825) Pseudeuophrys lanigera (Simon, 1871) Pseudeuophrys obsoleta (Simon, 1868) Pseudeuophrys vafra (Blackwall, 1867) Pseudicius encarpatus (Walckenaer, 1802) Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae 64893 64894 64906 64911 64917 64918 64920 64925 64929 64931 64932 64936 64942 64943 64956 64967 64969 64970 64971 64972 64973 64988 64996 64998 64999 65000 65002 65020 65022 65024 65026 65030 65031 65033 65034 65035 65049 65050 65052 65054 65058 Evarcha jucunda (Lucas, 1846) Evarcha laetabunda (C.L.Koch, 1846) Heliophanus aeneus (Hahn, 1831) Heliophanus auratus C.L.Koch, 1835 Heliophanus cupreus (Walckenaer, 1802) Heliophanus dampfi Schenkel, 1923 Heliophanus dubius C.L.Koch, 1835 Heliophanus flavipes (Hahn, 1832) Heliophanus kochii Simon, 1868 Heliophanus lineiventris Simon, 1868 Heliophanus melinus L.Koch, 1867 Heliophanus patagiatus Thorell, 1875 Heliophanus simplex Simon, 1868 Heliophanus tribulosus Simon, 1868 Leptorchestes berolinensis (C.L.Koch, 1846) Macaroeris nidicolens (Walckenaer, 1802) Marpissa muscosa (Clerck, 1757) Marpissa nivoyi (Lucas, 1846) Marpissa pomatia (Walckenaer, 1802) Marpissa radiata (Grube, 1859) Mendoza canestrini (Ninni, 1868) Myrmarachne formicaria (De Geer, 1778) Neon levis (Simon, 1871) Neon pictus Kulczynski, 1891 Neon rayi (Simon, 1875) Neon reticulatus (Blackwall, 1853) Neon valentulus Falconer, 1912 Pellenes nigrociliatus (Simon, 1875) Pellenes seriatus (Thorell, 1875) Pellenes tripunctatus (Walckenaer, 1802) Philaeus chrysops (Poda, 1761) Philaeus varicus (Simon, 1868) Phintella castriesiana (Grube, 1861) Phlegra bresnieri (Lucas, 1846) Phlegra cinereofasciata Simon, 1868 Phlegra fasciata (Hahn, 1826) Pseudeuophrys erratica (Walckenaer, 1825) Pseudeuophrys lanigera (Simon, 1871) Pseudeuophrys obsoleta (Simon, 1868) Pseudeuophrys vafra (Blackwall, 1867) Pseudicius encarpatus (Walckenaer, 1802) Salticus cingulatus (Panzer, 1797) Salticus mutabilis Lucas, 1846 Salticus quagga Miller, 1971 Salticus scenicus (Clerck, 1757) Salticus zebraneus (C.L.Koch, 1837) Sibianor aurocinctus (Ohlert, 1865) Sibianor larae Logunov, 2001 Sibianor tantulus (Simon, 1868) Sitticus caricis (Westring, 1861) Sitticus distinguendus (Simon, 1868) Sitticus dzieduszyckii (L.Koch, 1870) Sitticus floricola (C.L.Koch, 1837) Sitticus longipes (Canestrini, 1873) Sitticus penicillatus (Simon, 1875) Sitticus pubescens (Fabricius, 1775) Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae 65075 65088 65095 65097 65109 65111 65112 65113 65116 65118 65119 65121 65126 65129 65130 Salticus cingulatus (Panzer, 1797) Salticus mutabilis Lucas, 1846 Salticus quagga Miller, 1971 Salticus scenicus (Clerck, 1757) Salticus zebraneus (C.L.Koch, 1837) Sibianor aurocinctus (Ohlert, 1865) Sibianor larae Logunov, 2001 Sibianor tantulus (Simon, 1868) Sitticus caricis (Westring, 1861) Sitticus distinguendus (Simon, 1868) Sitticus dzieduszyckii (L.Koch, 1870) Sitticus floricola (C.L.Koch, 1837) Sitticus longipes (Canestrini, 1873) Sitticus penicillatus (Simon, 1875) Sitticus pubescens (Fabricius, 1775) 168 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 168 27.8.2014 22:36:27 CZ RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 HU RL PL RL LC LC EN 1 EN 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 VU VU 1 1 1 Crit RO RL LC LC LC LC D 1 LC LC D 1 LC LC LC LC 1 1 DD EN 1 LC LC LC Crit SK RL 1? 1 1 1 1 VU 1 1 1 EN RE? LC 1 EN 1 1 1 1 VU LC EN 1 LC Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 DD 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 LC EN 1 1 1 LC LC LC 1 VU 1 NT EN 1 DD 1 LC LC LC LC LC LC 1 CR B1a, D 1 1 1 RE? 1 VU 1 1 1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 1 1 1 LC DD 1 1 1 EN LC LC EN 1 EN VU 1 EN EN 1 NT 1 1 D D B1a, D v LC LC LC LC LC B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 1 LC 1?? LC DD 1 LC LC LC DD VU 1 VU 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 1 1 DD 1 1 1 DD DD 1 NT NT 1 1? 1 1 1 1 EN 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1 1 VU EN NT LC EN LC LC EN LC LC VU NT LC NT LC LC LC LC DD EN DD NT VU LC LC 169 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 169 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Sitticus rupicola (C.L.Koch, 1837) Sitticus saltator (O.P.-Cambridge, 18 Sitticus saxicola (C.L.Koch, 1846) Sitticus strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Sitticus terebratus (Clerck, 1757) Sitticus zimmermanni (Simon, 1877) Synageles hilarulus (C.L.Koch, 1846) Synageles subcingulatus (Simon, 1878) Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836) Talavera aequipes (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Talavera aperta Miller, 1971 Talavera milleri Brignoli, 1983 Talavera monticola (Kulczyński, 1884) Talavera parvistyla Logunov & Kronestedt, 2003 Talavera petrensis (C.L.Koch, 1837) Talavera thorelli (Kulczyński, 1891) Yllenus vittatus Thorell, 1875 Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae Salticidae 65133 65134 65135 65137 65139 65143 65146 65150 65151 65153 65154 65158 65159 65160 65161 65163 65183 Sitticus rupicola (C.L.Koch, 1837) Sitticus saltator (O.P.-Cambridge, 18 Sitticus saxicola (C.L.Koch, 1846) Sitticus strandi Kolosváry, 1934a Sitticus terebratus (Clerck, 1757) Sitticus zimmermanni (Simon, 1877) Synageles hilarulus (C.L.Koch, 1846) Synageles subcingulatus (Simon, 1878) Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836) Talavera aequipes (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Talavera aperta Miller, 1971 Talavera milleri Brignoli, 1983 Talavera monticola (Kulczyński, 1884) Talavera parvistyla Logunov & Kronestedt, 2003 Talavera petrensis (C.L.Koch, 1837) Talavera thorelli (Kulczyński, 1891) Yllenus vittatus Thorell, 1875 Name of species (Fauna Europea) Family ID Name of species (Platnick 2014, version14.5) Hypsocephalus pusillus (Menge 1869) Meioneta mollis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Pocadicnemis carpatica (Chyzer, 1894) Poeciloneta variegata (Blackwall, 1841) Porrhomma lativelum Tretzel, 1956 Troxochrus cirrifrons (O. P.-Cambridge, 1871) Hahnia difficilis Harm, 1966 Coelotes pickardi carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 syn Coelotes pastor carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878 Philodromus corticinus (C.L.Koch, 1837) Heriaeus hirtus (Latreille, 1819) Heriaeus melloteei Simon, 1886 Xysticus alpicola Kulczyński, 1882 Xysticus gallicus Simon, 1875 Attulus helveolus (Simon, 1871) Sitticus distinguendus (Simon, 1868) Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Linyphiidae Hahniidae Amaurobiidae 60728 60916 61202 61206 61219 61538 59186 54829 Gnaphosidae Philodromidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Thomisidae Salticidae Salticidae 58782 63735 66503 66505 66587 66623 64820 65118 Hypsocephalus pusillus (Menge 1869) Agyneta mollis (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Pocadicnemis carpatica (Chyzer, 1894) Poeciloneta variegata (Blackwall, 1841) Porrhomma microps (Roewer, 1931) Troxochrus cirrifrons (O. P.-Cambridge, 1871) Hahnia difficilis Harm, 1966 Coelotes pickardi carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 syn Coelotes pastor carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878 Philodromus laricium Simon, 1875 Heriaeus hirtus (Latreille, 1819) Heriaeus melloteei Simon, 1886 Xysticus alpicola Kulczyński, 1882 Xysticus gallicus Simon, 1875 Attulus helveolus (Simon, 1871) Sitticus distinguendus (Simon, 1868) 170 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 170 27.8.2014 22:36:27 CZ RL HU RL PL RL 1 EN DD EN CR 1 1 NT CR LC VU Crit RO RL 1 LC EN LC C, D LC EN C, D LC LC LC 1 1 EN 1 VU CR 1 D D D 1 Crit SK RL 1 VU 1 1? NT NE NT 1 1 1 NT DD VU DD 1 DD Crit RS RL UA RL Crit Status Endemic Carp RL 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 DD NT 1 B2a,b, C2a, D1 EN 1 1 1 ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VU NT LC NT NT NT VU VU DD NT DD VU Synonym /misidentification Hypsocephalus dahli (Lessert, 1909) - code ID 60724 Meioneta tenera (Menge 1869) - code ID 60933 Maso carpathicus Chyzer Poeciloneta globosa (Wider, 1834) junior synonym of Porrhomma microps (Roewer, 1931) Troxochrus scabriculus cirrifrons (O.P.-Cambridge, 1871) Hahnia parva Kulczyński, 1882 probably Coelotes pastor carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 misidentification with Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński, 1897 Philodromus corticinus (C.L.Koch, 1837) Heriaeus melloteei Simon, 1886 in records from Europe misidentification with Heriaeus hirtus (Latreille, 1819) junior synonym of Xysticus gallicus (Simon) Rozwałka unpubl. Xysticus alpicola Kulczyński, 1882 code 66587 is junior synonym of Xysticus gallicus (Simon) Rozwałka unpubl. junior synonym of Sitticus distinguendus Attulus helveolus (Simon, 1871) 171 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 171 27.8.2014 22:36:27 DRAFT RED LIST OF DRAGONFLIES (ODONATA) OF THE CARPATHIANS Compiled by Dušan Šácha Authors / Contributors: Dušan Šácha, Stanislav David (Slovakia), Martin Waldhauser (Czech Republic), Paweł Buczyński, Grzegorz Tończyk, Małgorzata Makomaska-Juchiewicz (Poland), Alexander V. Martynov (Ukraine), Miklós G. Heltai (Hungary), Cosmin O. Manci (Romania), Miloš Jović (Serbia) Dragonflies in the IUCN World Red List and European Red List Within the latest version of the IUCN Red List (http:// www.iucnredlist.org/search, II/2014), there are 2752 species of dragonflies evaluated. Out of them, 1 is extinct (EX), 55 critically endangered (CR), 87 endangered (EN), 123 vulnerable (VU), 112 near threatened (NT or LR/nt) and 823 data deficient (DD). Least concern (LC or LR/ lc) are 1551 species. Out of the IUCN list, there are 83 species that are native to Europe (including overseas territories). CR: 1, EN: 2, VU: 4, NT or LR/nt: 8, DD: 2 and LC or LR/lc: 66. Among NT there are 3 species, which are native to the Carpathians: Cordulegaster bidentata, C. heros and Nehalennia speciosa. Among LC there are 32 species native to the Carpathians or at least once reported to occur there. The rest 43 species have not been evaluated so far. Within the European Red List (KALKMAN et al. 2010), all the species have been assessed. The assessment has been carried out separately for Europe in geographical sense and for EU 27. Europe: 137 species evaluated, CR 3, EN 5, VU 13, NT 15, LC 96, DD 5. EU 27: 134 species evaluated, CR 3, EN 6, VU 13, NT 18, LC 91, DD 3. These Carpathian species appear in the European Red List as threatened (categories Europe / EU 27): Lestes macrostigma (VU / EN), Sympetrum depressiusculum (VU / VU), Nehalennia speciosa (NT / VU). To the NT category fall: Coenagrion ornatum (NT / NT), C. armatum (LC / NT), Aeshna viridis (NT / NT), Cordulegaster bidentata (NT / NT), C. heros (NT / NT), Leucorrhinia albifrons (LC / NT) and L. caudalis (LC / NT). DD species is Lestes parvidens (LC / DD). Moreover, Cordulegaster picta, that is not native to the Carpathians but once reported from Serbia, is rated as VU / VU, and C. insignis (similarly from Serbia) as EN / EN. Summary There are 78 species of dragonflies ever reported from the Carpathians in total. Among them, two species are represented by dubious historical data only; no specimens exist which would confirm the identification. Four species are identified correctly and there is a material proving the identification, however they are vagrants or occasional occurrences (blown by the wind etc.) only and therefore cannot be considered permanent members of the Carpathian fauna. The rest 72 species are proven to have breeding populations in the region. Since Carpathians are a very diverse bioregion in terms of their north-south extent and altitude levels, the dragonfly fauna constitutes mainly of Eurasian elements, accompanied by a fair proportion of thermophilous (Mediterranean) and boreo-mountainous elements. Most species are stagnicolous, whereas rheophilous species represent only a minority. With respect to quality of data, there is a bit inconsistency in-between the individual countries. Whereas countries in the north of the range (PL, CZ, SK, HU) have relatively good and ample datasets, countries in the south and east (UA, RO, RS) show deficit of knowledge or even locally profound lack of data. This fact showed up most visibly in Serbia, where the species have been classified either LC, or DD, and no other categories came to use. There also seems to be some variability in interpretation of the IUCN methodology among individual experts, resulting in a rather different classification of the same species in the individual countries, that cannot be always and fully explained only by differences of the species populations, trends, areas etc. Taking all this information into account, the submitted list can only be considered the very first version of the Carpathian Red List of Dragonflies. A lot of effort still has to be put into research, statistical analysis and providing and maintaining consistent set of data before the Red List, strictly following the IUCN rules, can be compiled. Overview of the status of dragonflies of the Carpathians is in Table 1. 172 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 172 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Method of assessment Standard method of the IUCN (2001, 2003 – Categories and Criteria 3.1 as applied at the regional level) was used. Where possible, the quantification of trends was based on existing data. Because of the partial incompatibility of datasets between countries and missing historical data as a baseline, in some cases also methods of inference and projection came to use, building on the habitat data, existing threats, climate change scenarios and nature conservation policies. Threshold setting for the eligibility of the species: - species with no valid proof of their occurrence have not been considered (NE), - vagrant species have been excluded from the evaluation (NA), - autochthonous species (i.e. with breeding populations) and regular migrants have all been assessed, - these species have been assessed at the species level (breeding and migrant populations, if existing, together, not separately). Notes to taxonomy and nomenclature Within the project and its online database, the Fauna Europaea (FE) was taken as a valid taxonomy and nomenclature basis. However, it has to be said, that there are several differences compared to the up-to-date World Odonata List (WOL; SCHORR & PAULSON 2013). The most prominent is taxonomic position of Orthetrum anceps (SCHNEIDER, 1845), which WOL considers a true species, whereas FE otherwise. We accepted FE, because there are 5 phaenotypes of O. coerulescens – anceps complex, of which only two extreme are easily identified and the rest are intermediate (hybrids), which occur over wide extent of the Carpathians. This question of O. anceps taxonomic position still needs to be resolved; nonetheless it was not the aim of the BioREGIO project. Among others there is discrepancy in use of the generic names Lestes – Chalcolestes, Erythromma – Cercion, Anax – Hemianax, Anaciaeschna – Aeshna, Gomphus – Stylurus. Alongside, small differences in authors or years of description may appear in the full names. For this reason, it was decided to use names according to WOL in the printed publication. FE names are added, since used in the online version. Where appropriate, synonyms reflecting European usage are given. Notes to species selection All the eligible species have been evaluated. Overview of the status and / or endemism of species in the Carpathians There are no Carpathian endemites among dragonflies. The Carpathian Regional Red List Categories and number of species in respective categories: LC: 43, NT (or *NT): 10, VU (or *VU): 5, EN (or *EN): 4, DD: 10. In general, tyrphophiles and species with oreal or boreal distribution patterns prevail among TH categories, whereas thermophiles and Eurasian species are of lower risk categories. Main threats There are several main factors of threat to dragonflies in the Carpathians. Human caused factors: - climate change and resulting habitat changes - water regime mismanagement - forestry - tourism, winter sports and infrastructure (roads, hotels etc.) - intensive fish farming - peat excavation Natural factors: - overgrowing and natural succession LC Mostly species that are: - widespread or expanding - have not particular ecological demands or their sites are protected - have enough nearby sources for potential immigration and re-colonisation - usually are rated not threatened in the individual countries (exceptions may occur, where the national category has been assigned due to low number of sites or small populations, but overall in the Carpathians there are enough locations and large enough populations) Calopteryx splendens (Harris, 1782) Calopteryx virgo (Linnaeus, 1758) Lestes barbarus (Fabricius, 1798) Lestes dryas (Kirby, 1890) Lestes sponsa (Hansemann, 1823) Chalcolestes viridis (Vander Linden, 1825), syn. Lestes viridis Sympecma fusca (Vander Linden, 1820) Coenagrion puella (Linnaeus, 1758) Erythromma lindenii (Selys, 1840), syn Cercion lindenii Erythromma najas (Hansemann, 1823) Erythromma viridulum (Charpentier, 1840) Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer, 1776) Enallagma cyathigerum (Charpentier, 1840) Ischnura elegans (Vander Linden, 1820) Ischnura pumilio (Charpentier, 1825) Platycnemis pennipes (Pallas, 1771) Aeshna affinis (Vander Linden, 1820) Aeshna cyanea (Müller, 1764) Aeshna juncea (Linnaeus, 1758) Aeshna mixta (Latreille, 1805) Anaciaeschna isoceles (Müller, 1767), syn. Aeshna isoceles Anax imperator (Leach, 1815) Anax parthenope (Selys, 1839) Gomphus vulgatissimus (Linnaeus, 1758) Onychogomphus forcipatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 173 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 173 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Ophiogomphus cecilia (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785) Cordulegaster bidentata (Selys, 1843) Cordulia aenea (Linnaeus, 1758) Somatochlora metallica (Vander Linden, 1825) Libellula depressa (Linnaeus, 1758) Libellula quadrimaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) Orthetrum albistylum (Selys, 1848) Orthetrum brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837) Orthetrum cancellatum (Linnaeus, 1758) Orthetrum coerulescens (Fabricius, 1798) Crocothemis erythraea (Brullé, 1832) Sympetrum danae (Sulzer, 1776) Sympetrum flaveolum (Linnaeus, 1758) Sympetrum fonscolombii (Selys, 1840) Sympetrum meridionale (Selys, 1841) Sympetrum sanguineum (Müller, 1764) Sympetrum striolatum (Charpentier, 1840) Sympetrum vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758) NT Species that are in their nature similar to LC species, but not so markedly (therefore with a potential prospect of ending up VU or higher long term). On the other hand, so far do not qualify for any TH category. Lestes virens (Charpentier, 1825) SK: VU, CZ: NT, PL: NT, UA: DD, HU: LC, RO: VU, RS: DD Aeshna grandis (Linnaeus, 1758) SK: *NT, CZ: NT, PL: LC, UA: *NT, RO: VU Stylurus flavipes (Charpentier, 1825) syn.: Gomphus flavipes SK: *NT, CZ: VU, HU: LC, RO: VU Cordulegaster heros (Theischinger, 1979) SK: VU, CZ: DD, RO: VU, RS: LC Libellula fulva (Müller, 1764) SK: EN, CZ: EN, UA: DD, HU: LC, RO: NT Sympetrum pedemontanum (Müller, 1766) SK: *VU, CZ: VU, PL: NT, UA: *VU, HU: LC, RO: VU *NT Species that would overall qualify for VU according to mainly B, C or D criteria (and in individual countries or at least the most prominent ones = SK, RO and UA mainly did), but have nearby sources for potential recolonisation, which lowers the risk of extinction. Coenagrion hastulatum (Charpentier, 1825) SK: VU, CZ: VU, PL: NT, UA: DD, RO: VU Coenagrion ornatum (Selys, 1850) SK: VU, PL: RE, HU: NT, RO: VU Leucorrhinia dubia (Vander Linden, 1825) SK: VU, CZ: EN, PL: VU, UA: DD, RO: NT Leucorrhinia pectoralis (Charpentier, 1825) SK: *VU, CZ: *VU, PL: DD, UA: DD, HU: LC, RO: NE VU Lestes macrostigma (Eversmann, 1836) Population: Breeding population in RO, where VU (A1c). Decline caused by habitat loss and drought. Accidental data from PL and CZ. Elsewhere no data. Trend decreasing Europewide (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Threats due to climate change likely (drought, habitat change). Criteria: A qualifies for VU (A1c – decline in the area or quality of habitat) B – C – D – E – Criteria are accepted as submitted by the RO expert (since the only country with breeding population). Possibility of recolonisation: Good flier. Populations in HU, RO, CZ, AT, MO, BG, SLO, CR, in RO, HU and AT rather close to Carpathians. Immigration could be hindered by lack of appropriate habitats. At least in Southern Moravia the prospects are not bad, thanks to active landscape management measures (undertaken or planned). Overall, immigration so far rated as inadequate to provide high enough chance for recolonisation in the case of local extinction (accepted as submitted by the RO expert). Category: VU (A1c). Accepted as submitted by the RO expert. Somatochlora alpestris (Selys, 1840) Population: Breeding population in SK, where *NT. Appears mainly in Northern SK (Tatry Mts. and surrounding regions), where widespread and locally dominant. Population also in PL, where DD. Distributed in Tatry and Orawa regions. In CZ one population, CR (B2a, C2). Population in RO, where EN (C2ai). Sites map the main arc of the Carpathians. Trend positive, perhaps due to more research effort in recent years? Expected to be negatively influenced by the climate change. Population also in UA, where EN (B1ab(iii, v)+2ab(iii,v); C2b; D). Small population (less than 250 ind.), just a few sites, distributed next to the RO border. Populations in SK, PL and CZ can be considered one location. Populations in RO and UA can be considered second location. Elsewhere no data. Trend in Europe unknown (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: 174 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 174 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Climate change (drought, change in weather pattern and resulting habitat change), tourism, forestry, winter sports. Natural habitat change (overgrowing, succession). Potential threat in acidification of water, although successfully mitigated in the last years. Criteria: A – B – C qualifies for VU (C2a(i) – population estimated under 10000 + expected influence of climate change + low population densities meaning no subpopulation exceeding 1000) D qualifies for VU (D2 – only 2 locations, meaning vulnerability to sudden impacts) E – Possibility of recolonisation: Good flier. Populations in CZ, PL, AT, D, CH, IT, in CZ and PL rather close to Carpathians. Immigration could be hindered by lack of appropriate habitats (corridors). Overall, immigration so far rated as inadequate to provide high enough chance for recolonisation in the case of local extinction. Category: VU (C2a(i), D2). Sympetrum depressiusculum (Selys, 1841) Population: Breeding population in RO, where CR (A2c). Only few recent data, trend badly negative. Population in HU, where VU (no criteria). Distributed in two orographic units, trend rated as stable. Population also in CZ, where CR (B2ac, C2b). Huge fluctuations in the population size, only 5 sites (all in N Moravia), of which 2 with numerous populations. Trend negative (not confirmed in many regions in last 15 years). In PL DD. Only historical data. No records but expected to be present in UA. Elsewhere no data. Trend decreasing Europewide (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Mismanagement of the sites (water regime, intensification of fish farming). Criteria: A – B qualifies for VU (B2ab(i, ii, iii, iv, v) – decrease in area, population, habitat and sites + 4 locations + AOO less than 2000 km2 but more than 500 km2, according to the maps) C – D qualifies for VU (D2 – only 4 locations, vulnerability to sudden impacts) E – Possibility of recolonisation: Populations in most countries (HU, AT, SK, CZ, PL, UA, SLO, CR, MO, BG...), some of them not far away from the Carpathians. Dispersion poorer compared to other congeneric species. Immigration could be hindered by lack of appropriate habitats. In accord with decreasing trend in Europe, immigration so far not considered significant. Category: VU (B2ab(i, ii, iii, iv, v), D2). *VU Leucorrhinia albifrons (Burmeister, 1839) Population: Breeding population in CZ, where CR (B2ac, C2b). Four sites with very small populations or only individuals. Huge fluctuations, trends cannot be assessed. Outside Carpathians in S and W Bohemia – sizeable populations. Population also in PL, where DD. Distributed in Silesia and SE PL. Lack of appropriate habitats in Carpathians. Elsewhere no data. European population stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Not serious, according to the inhabited habitats (fish ponds). Intensification of fish farming and mismanagement of water regime. Criteria: A – B qualifies for EN (B2ac(iv) – AOO less than 500 km2, might be even less than 10 km2, but 2 locations + extreme fluctuations in population size reported) C – D qualifies for EN (C2b – population probably exceeds 250, but less than 2500 + population decline and fluctuations) E – Criteria accepted from the CZ list, with downgrading the category one step to EN because of PL population. Possibility of recolonisation: Good flier. Populations in CZ, PL, AT, D, even not far away from existing sites. Immigration could be hindered by lack of appropriate habitats. Congeneric species known to colonise new habitats in recent years. Immigration and potential recolonisation considered likely. Therefore category downgraded one step to *VU. Category: *VU (B2ac(iv), C2b). Leucorrhinia rubicunda (Linnaeus, 1758) Population: Breeding population in SK, where CR (C2a(ii)). Only 4 known sites, of which 2 in NE and 2 in NW. Of NW sites one probably newly colonised (first discovery in 2013), from the other no data for the last 10 years. In NE data on population size vary, could indicate fluctuations or population decrease. Population in CZ, where EN (B2ac(iv), C2b). Only 3 sites, small populations. Not enough suitable habitats. 175 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 175 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Trend unknown. Population in PL, where DD. Three groups of sites – Tatry, Gorce, Bieszczady Zachodnie. All the populations lie on the southern limit of species´ range and are likely to constitute at max. two locations (western and eastern). Elsewhere no data. Trend decreasing Europewide (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Climate change (drought, change in weather pattern and resulting habitat change), forestry, peat excavation. Natural habitat change (overgrowing, succession). Potential threat in acidification of water, although successfully mitigated in the last years. Criteria: A – B qualifies for EN (B2ac(iv) – AOO less than 500 km2, might be even less than 10 km2, but 2 locations + extreme fluctuations in population size indicated) C – D qualifies for EN (C2b – population probably exceeds 250, but less than 2500 + population decline and fluctuations) E – Possibility of recolonisation: Good flier. Populations in PL, CZ, UA, D, in PL and CZ sites close to the Carpathians. SK proves potential for immigration and recolonisation. Therefore category downgraded one step to *VU. Category: *VU (B2ac(iv), C2b). EN Nehalennia speciosa (Charpentier, 1840) Population: Breeding population in RO, where CR (C with no exact specification) – only one population of estimated size 200 individuals at max. and 400 m2 area. Population also in PL, where DD. Size of population appr. 400 individuals. Stable, breeding. SK only an old and doubtful record. Elsewhere no data, but is inconspicuous and could be neglected. Trend decreasing Europewide (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Threats due to climate change very likely (drought, habitat change). Criteria: A – B qualifies for EN (B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) – EOO less than 100 km2 and AOO less than 100 km2 but 2 locations + prognosed habitat deterioration due to climate change) C qualifies for VU (C2a(i) – population less than 2500, but subpopulations more than 250 + prognosed decreasing trend due to climate change combined with decreasing trend in Europe) D qualifies for VU (D1+2 – total population around 600, 2 locations) E – Possibility of recolonisation: Poor dispersion, retreat from the former extent of the area. Populations in PL, CZ, AT, D, BLR, but rather far away with respect to vagility of the species. Recolonisation unlikely. Category: EN: B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii). Aeshna subarctica (Walker, 1908) Population: Breeding population in PL, where EN: B2ab(ii,iii,iv). In total 9 sites in Tatry and Orawa regions, where stable. Sites mostly protected. Population also in SK, where CR: B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v), C2a(i,ii), D. Only one site in Tatry region, under human pressure, not sufficient data but trend seems to be decreasing. RO: one site, breeding not confirmed but probable. CR: C with no exact specification. Polish and Slovak populations can be considered just one location. Elsewhere no data. Trend decreasing Europewide (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Climate change (drought, change in weather pattern) is very likely to cause degradation of habitats. Threats also due to tourism, winter sports, forestry. Natural habitat change (overgrowing, succession). Competition from A. juncea, but not easily quantifiable. Potential threat in acidification of water, although successfully mitigated in the last years. Criteria: A – B qualifies for EN (B1ab(iii,iv,v) – EOO more than 100 km2 but less than 5000 km2 + 2 locations + prognosed habitat deterioration and population decline due to climate change and human pressure) C qualifies for EN (C2a(i) – total population likely to exceed 250 but less than 2500 + individual subpopulations under 250 + prognosed decreasing trend due to climate change and human pressure) D qualifies for VU (D1+2 – population under 1000 + only 2 locations) E – Possibility of recolonisation: Populations in PL, CZ, AT, D, BLR, but rather far away with respect to lack of appropriate habitats. Recolonisation uncertain to unlikely. Category: EN: B1ab(iii,iv,v), C2a(i). Somatochlora arctica (Zetterstedt, 1840) Population: Breeding population in RO, where CR: C with no exact specification. There were two sites, of which 176 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 176 27.8.2014 22:36:27 one has been destroyed. The second population still survives, although under pressure (planned road revamp, more tourists). Population in PL, where CR: B2ab(ii,iii,iv). Sites in Tatry and Orawa regions, where stable. Population in SK, where CR: C2a(ii), D. Sites in Tatry foothills and adjacent regions (Orava, Liptov, Spiš). Sites mostly protected, nonetheless threatened by climate change and under human pressure, trend seems to be decreasing (at least 2 sites dried in 2012). In 2013 two new sites discovered, therefore SK category needs to be reassessed. Breeding population also in CZ, where CR: B2a, C2. Can be overlooked because of the type of habitat, in rest of CZ not rare and possibly stable. CZ Carpathians – lack of suitable habitats. Czech, Polish and Slovak populations can be considered just one location. Elsewhere no data. Trend in Europe unknown (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Climate change is very likely to cause degradation of habitats. Threats also due to tourism, winter sports, forestry. Natural habitat change (overgrowing, succession). Potential threat in acidification of water, although successfully mitigated in the last years. Criteria: A – B qualifies for EN (B1ab(iii,iv,v) – EOO more than 100 km2 but less than 5000 km2 + 2 locations + prognosed habitat deterioration and population decline due to climate change and human pressure) C qualifies for EN (C2a(i) – total population likely to exceed 250 but less than 2500 + individual subpopulations under 250 + reported demise of several populations and prognosed decreasing trend due to climate change and human pressure) D qualifies for VU (D1+2 – population under 1000 + only 2 locations) E – Possibility of recolonisation: Populations in PL, CZ, AT, D, BLR, but rather far away with respect to lack of appropriate habitats. Recolonisation unlikely. Category: EN: B1ab(iii,iv,v), C2a(i). *EN Leucorrhinia caudalis (Charpentier, 1840) Population: Breeding population in SK, where EN: D. Only one site, small size (expected much less than the limit for EN), no information on trends or fluctuations. Population also in PL, where DD. Size of population only tens of individuals. Old records but expected to still occur in UA (DD). Elsewhere no data. Large fluctuations likely to occur (based on other spe- cies of the genus). European population stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Threats: Not serious, according to the inhabited habitats (fish ponds). Intensification of fish farming and mismanagement of water regime. Criteria: A – B qualifies for CR (B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv) – EOO less than 100 km2 and AOO less than 100 km2 + severely fragmented + indication of extreme fluctuations) C – D qualifies for EN (D – on both sites just tens of individuals but likely to exceed 50) E – Possibility of recolonisation: Populations in PL, HU, AT, D with number of sites in close vicinity. Good flier. Recolonisation seems likely, SK population probably even founded in 2003/2004 in a colonising wave. Therefore downgrading one step to *EN. Category: *EN: B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv). DD Chalcolestes parvidens (Artobolevsky, 1929) syn.: Lestes parvidens HU: LC, RO: VU Not enough information on its distribution, and rate and impacts of cross-breeding with L. viridis. Trend in Europe unknown (Kalkman et al., 2010). Sympecma paedisca (Brauer, 1877) PL: DD. SK: only accidental data, no proof of a breeding population. Category defined by PL list. Not enough data on its distribution and status of its population. Trend in Europe decreasing (Kalkman et al., 2010). Coenagrion pulchellum (Vander Linden, 1825) Occurs in all countries but Serbia. SK: DD (nearly missing in the Carpathians despite of appropriate habitats), CZ: NT, PL: LC, UA: *NT, HU: LC, RO: DD (widespread, but trend possibly negative). Large variation in its ranking between individual states. Category defined by SK and RO lists, since these countries constitute major part of the range. More research needs to focus on its ecology, distribution and possible hybridisation with C. puella. Trend in Europe stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Coenagrion scitulum (Rambur, 1842) CZ: VU, PL: NE, HU: LC, RO: VU. SK, RS and UA missing. Large variation in its ranking between individual states. Requires more data about its distribution, population ecology (trends, impact of climate change) and 177 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 177 27.8.2014 22:36:27 possible hybridisation with C. puella. Trend in Europe stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Aeshna viridis (Eversman, 1836) Breeding population only in HU, where NT. Old data from UA, where proposed DD. No data from other countries, although in SK enough appropriate habitats in close vicinity to HU sites. More research on its ecology and distribution needed. Possibility of recolonisation needs to be examined – good flier but not enough nearby sources (only in HU) and retreat of population towards N and E in PL. Trend in Europe decreasing (Kalkman et al., 2010). Brachytron pratense (Müller, 1764) SK: *EN, CZ: NT, PL: DD, UA: DD, HU: LC, RO: VU. RS missing. Large variation in its ranking between individual states. Requires more data about its distribution and population ecology (trends, impact of climate change). Trend in Europe stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Cordulegaster boltonii (Donovan, 1807) Breeding population in PL: DD. Erratic or questionable data from CZ, RO and RS. Needs more research to clarify its range. CZ and RS: Possibly confused with C. heros in the past (similarly elsewhere)? Trend in Europe stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Epitheca bimaculata (Charpentier, 1825) Widespread, occurs in all countries but RS. SK: CR, CZ: EN, PL: DD, UA: *EN, HU: LC, RO: CR. Mostly rated as facing high risk of extinction (except HU, where LC). Could be overlooked? Needs more research on its distribution and ecology to decide. Trend in Europe stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Somatochlora flavomaculata (Vander Linden, 1825) Widespread, occurs in all countries but SK (only one erratic find). CZ: *EN, PL: DD, UA: LC, HU: LC, RO: NT (trend possibly negative), RS: DD. Rated diversely, from LC (UA, HU) through to *EN (CZ). More research (distribution, ecology) needed to decide. Trend in Europe stable (Kalkman et al., 2010). Somatochlora meridionalis (Nielsen, 1935) CZ: NA, RO: DD (widespread, with one hybrid population), RS: DD. SK – few pure meridionalis, mainly hybrids with S. metallica. Occurs from south (RS, RO) up to north (CZ, SK), but missing (overlooked?) in the centre (HU, UA). More research on the area, population and hybridisation needed. Trend in Europe unknown (Kalkman et al., 2010). NE Species, where it is not possible to prove their occurrence in the Carpathians (no valid specimens to review). Aeshna caerulea (Ström, 1783) Cordulegaster picta (Selys, 1854) NA Species proven to be present in the Carpathians, nonetheless, to the best knowledge, no stable autochthonous populations existing. Coenagrion armatum (Charpentier, 1840) Coenagrion lunulatum (Charpentier, 1840) Anax ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839), syn. Hemianax ephippiger Cordulegaster insignis (Schneider, 1845) References Slovakia BLAŠKOVIČ, T., BULÁNKOVÁ, E. & ŠÍBL, J. (2003). First record of Cordulegaster heros ssp. heros Theischinger, 1979 (Cordulegastridae, Odonata) from Slovakia. Biológia, Bratislava, 58/2: 293 – 294. DAVID, S. (1992). Vážky (Odonata) v okolí Mochovců. Zbor. Slov. nár. Múz., Prír. Vedy, 38: 43-65. DAVID, S. (1994). Nové nálezy vzácných a ohrožených druhů vážek (Insecta: Odonata) jihozápadního Slovenska. Acta Musei Tekovensis Levice, II-1994: 81-90. DAVID, S. (1996). Výskyt vážky Somatochlora arctica ve Slovenské republice. Entomofauna Carpathica, 8/1: 19-21. DAVID, S. (2000). Dragonfly (Odonata) communities and water habitats in the inundation of the Hron river potamal (SW Slovakia). Ecologia (Bratislava), 19, Supplement 2/2000: 137-150. DAVID, S. (2000). Vážky (Insecta: Odonata) Štiavnických vrchů. Entomofauna Carpathica, 12(2): 25-31. DAVID, S. (2000). Faunistical notes - New records of dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) from Slovakia, Biológia, Bratislava 55/5: 444. DAVID, S. (2001). Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) of the Slovak-Moravian Carpathians Mts. and the Dolnovážská niva Lea. Biodiversitas Slovaca, SPU Nitra, p. 62-71. DAVID, S. (2002). Bioindikační využití vážek (Insecta: Odonata) na příkladě potamalu řeky Ipeľ. Dizertačná práca. Bratislava: ÚKE SAV, 133 s. + prílohy. DAVID, S. (2005). Výsledky výzkumu vážek (Odonata) ve Slovenské republice. Ochrana prírody, Banská Bystrica, 24: 168-187, ISBN 80-89035-68-X. DAVID, S. (2006). Ekologické a ekosozologické hodnocení fauny vážek (Odonata) na územní v působnosti Správy Chránené krajinné oblasti Ponitrie. 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Folia historico-naturalia Musei matraensis, 28: 97–110. ODONATA: Dr. Dévai György personal data. VIZSLÁN, T. (1992). Adatok Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye Odonata faunájához. Folia historico-naturalia Musei matraensis, 17: 151–154. 180 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 180 27.8.2014 22:36:27 VIZSLÁN, T. (2000). Adatok a Cserehát Odonata faunájához. Folia historico-naturalia Musei matraensis, 24: 133–137. VIZSLÁN, T. & PINGITZER, B. (1997). Adatok Magyarország szitakötő-faunájához (Odonata) II. Folia historiconaturalia Musei matraensis, 22: 99–108. VIZSLÁN, T. & PINGITZER, B. (1998). Adatok BorsodAbaúj-Zemplén megye Odonata faunájához IV. Folia historico-naturalia Musei matraensis, 23: 171–177. VIZSLÁN, T. & PINGITZER, B. (1998). Adatok Magyarország szitakötő-faunájához (Odonata) III. Folia historiconaturalia Musei matraensis, 23: 179–190. VIZSLÁN, T. & PINGITZER, B. (2001). Adatok a Bükk-vidék és Miskolc környékének Odonata faunájához. Folia historico-naturalia Musei matraensis, 25: 121–126. VIZSLÁN, T. & SZENTGYÖRGYI, P. (1993). Adatok Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye Odonata faunájához II. Folia historico-naturalia Musei matraensis, 18: 43–47. VIZSLÁN, T., VIZSLÁN, L. PINGITZER, B. & KATRICS, K. (1995). Adatok Magyarország szitakötő-faunájához (Odonata) I. Folia historico-naturalia Musei matraensis, 20: 85–89. Ukraine GORB, S. N., PAVLJUK, R. S. & SPURIS, Z. D. (2000). Babky Ukrai‘ny (Odonata): faunistychnyj ogljad [Odonata of Ukraine: a faunistic overview] / Vestnik Zoologii, Supplement. № 15. 155 pp. (in Ukrainian) HOLUŠA, O. (2009). New records of Cordulegaster bidentata and Somatochlora alpestris in the Ukrainian Carpathians (Odonata: Cordulegastridae, Corduliidae) / Libellula. Vol. 28. № 3/4: 191-201. MARTYNOV, A. V. & MARTYNOV, V. V. (2008). Strekozy (Insecta, Odonata) nacional‘nogo prirodnogo parka «Gucul‘shhina» [Dragonflies (Insecta, Odonata) of National Natural Park «Guculshina»] / Pryrodnychyj al‘manah. Biologichni nauky, Vypusk 11. Zbirnyk naukovyh prac‘ [Naturalistic almanac. Biological sciences, Issue 11. Collected scientific articles]. Herson. p. 100106. (in Russian) MARTYNOV, A. V. & MARTYNOV, V. V. (2010). Cordulegaster bidentata Selys, 1843 (Odonata, Cordulegastridae) na territorii Ukrainy [Cordulegaster bidentata Selys, 1843 (Odonata, Cordulegastridae) in Ukraine] / Evraziatskij jentomologicheskij zhurnal [Eurasian entomological journal]. 9(2): 303-307. (in Russian) MARTYNOV, V. V. & MARTYNOV, A. V. (2004): Interesnye nahodki strekoz (Insecta, Odonata) na territorii Ukrainy [Interesting finds of Dragonflies (Insecta, Odonata) on the territory of Ukraine] // Vestnik zoologii. 38(5): 38. (in Russian) MYKITCHAK, T., RESHETYLO, O., KOSTJUK, A., POPEL‘NYC‘KA, O., DANYLYK, I., CARENKO, P., BORSUKEVYCH, L., MATELESHKO, O., MARTYNOV, O., LILIC‘KA, G., KAPUSTIN, D., GONCHARENKO, V. & KOKISH, A. (2014). Ekosystemy lentychnyh vodojm Chornogory (Ukrai‘ns‘ki Karpaty) [Ecosystems of the lentic water bodies of Chornogory (Ukrainian Carpathians)] L‘viv: ZUKC. 286 pp. (in press) (in Ukrainian) PAVLJUK, R. S. (1981). Do vyvchennja babok (Insecta, Odonata) Chornogory ta sumizhnyh girs‘kyh terytorij [For the investigation of Odonata of Chornogory and adjacent mountain territories] / Visn. L‘viv. derzh. untu. Ser. biol. [Bulletin of Lviv State Univer. Biological series]. L‘viv: Vyshha shkola. Vol. 12. p. 113-115. (in Ukrainian) PAVLJUK, R. S. (1990). Strekozy (Insecta, Odonata) zapadnyh oblastei Ukrainy [Dragonflies (Insecta, Odonata) of the western districts of Ukraine] // Latvijas Entomologs. 33. laid. p.37-80. (in Russian) Romania BEUTLER, H. (1988). Libellen aus der Region Banat, Rumänien (Odonata). Opusc. zool. flumin., 30: 1-15. CÎRDEI, C. & BULIMAR, F. (1965). Fauna Republicii Populare Române, Insecta – Ord. Odonata. 7(5), Ed. Academiei, Bucureşti. FLENKER, U. (2011). Odonata of Romanian Carpathians with notes on Somatochlora alpestris and on the first Romanian record of Aeshna subarctica (Odonata: Curduliidae, Aeshnidae). Libellula 30(3/4): 183-202. KNIJF, G., U. FLENKER, C. VANAPPELGHEM, C.O. MANCI, V.J. KALKMAN & H. DEMOLDER (2011). The status of two boreo-alpine species, Somatochlora alpestris and S. arctica, in Romania and their vulnerability to the impact of climate change (Odonata: Corduliidae). International Journal of Odonatology, 14: 111-126. DE LEHRER, A.Z., BULIMAR, F. (1979). Sinteze cartografice ale patrimoniului natural al României II. Ordinul Odonata Fabricius, 1792. Nymphaea 7: 343-393. MANCI, C.O. (2007). Inventory of the dragonfly collection from Iron Gate Museum, Drobeta Turnu-Severin. Drobeta, Seria St.Naturii, 17: 172-183. MANCI, C.O. (2011). The Dragonfly (Insecta: Odonata) collection of Iasi Museum of Natural History (Romania). Travaux du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle „Grigore Antipa” 54(2): 379-393. OLIAS, M. (2005). Lestes parvidens am Südostrand Mitteleuropas: Erste Nachweise aus Österreich, der Slowakei, Ungarn und Rumänien (Odonata: Lestidae). Libellula, 24(3/4): 155-161. Expected for publication in 2014: MANCI C.O. - Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) in Timis county, a general view of distribution. MANCI C.O. & BAZGA D. - Contribution to the 181 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 181 27.8.2014 22:36:27 ŽIVOJINOVIĆ, S. (1950). Fauna insekata Šumske domene Majdanpek (entomološka monografija) (262 pp.). Beograd: Srpska akademija nauka, Posebna izdanja, knjiga 160, Institut za ekologiju i biogeografiju, knjiga 2. General IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2003). Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels: Version 3.0. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Ii + 26 pp. species splendens (Harris, 1782) Carpathians KALKMAN, V. J., BOUDOT, J.-P., BERNARD, R., CONZE, K-J., DE KNIJF, G., DYATLOVA, E., FERREIRA, S., JOVIĆ, M., OTT, J., RISERVATO, E. & SAHLÉN, G. (2010). European Red List of Dragonflies. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. 28 pp. SCHORR, M. & PAULSON, D. (2013). World List of Odonata. Revision 22 December 2013. (http://www. pugetsound.edu/academics/academic-resources/slater-museum/biodiversity-resources/dragonflies/world-odonata-list/) criteria LC EUR EU 27 LC LC virgo (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC parvidens Artobolevsky, 1929 DD LC DD viridis (Vander Linden, 1825) LC LC LC barbarus (Fabricius, 1798) LC LC LC dryas Kirby, 1890 LC macrostigma (Eversmann, 1836) VU A1c LC LC VU EN sponsa (Hansemann, 1823) LC LC LC virens (Charpentier, 1825) NT LC LC fusca (Vander Linden, 1820) LC LC LC paedisca (Brauer, 1882) DD LC LC pennipes (Pallas, 1771) LC LC LC armatum (Charpentier, 1840) NA LC NT hastulatum (Charpentier, 1825) *NT LC LC lunulatum (Charpentier, 1840) NA LC LC ornatum (Selys, 1850) *NT NT NT puella (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC pulchellum (Vander Linden, 1825) DD LC LC scitulum (Rambur, 1842) DD LC LC cyathigerum (Charpentier, 1840) LC LC LC lindenii (Selys, 1840) LC LC LC najas (Hansemann, 1823) LC LC LC viridulum (Charpentier, 1840) LC LC LC elegans (Vander Linden, 1820) LC LC LC pumilio (Charpentier, 1825) LC LC LC speciosa (Charpentier, 1840) EN NT VU nymphula (Sulzer, 1776) LC LC LC affinis Vander Linden, 1820 LC LC LC caerulea (Ström, 1783) NE LC LC B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) cyanea (Müller, 1764) LC LC LC grandis (Linnaeus, 1758) NT LC LC juncea (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC HD Bern 4 2 2 183 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 183 27.8.2014 22:36:27 WOL name: genus species FE name: genus mixta Latreille, 1805 subarctica Walker, 1908 viridis Eversman, 1836 Anaciaeschna Selys, 1878 Anax Leach, 1815 isoceles (Müller, 1767) ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839) Hemianax Selys, 1839 imperator Leach, 1815 Anax Leach, 1815 parthenope (Selys, 1839) Brachytron Evans, 1845 pratense (Müller, 1764) Brachytron Evans, 1845 Gomphus Leach, 1815 vulgatissimus (Linnaeus, 1758) Gomphus Leach, 1815 Onychogomphus Selys, 1854 forcipatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Onychogomphus Selys, 1854 Ophiogomphus Selys, 1854 cecilia (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785) Ophiogomphus Selys, 1854 Stylurus Needham, 1897 flavipes (Charpentier, 1825) Gomphus Leach, 1815 bidentata Selys, 1843 Cordulegaster Leach, 1815 Cordulegaster Leach, 1815 boltonii (Donovan, 1807) heros Theischinger, 1979 insignis Schneider, 1845 picta Selys, 1854 Cordulia Leach, 1915 aenea (Linnaeus, 1758) Cordulia Leach, 1915 Epitheca Burmeister, 1839 bimaculata (Charpentier, 1825) Epitheca Burmeister, 1839 Somatochlora Selys, 1871 alpestris (Selys, 1840) Somatochlora Selys, 1871 arctica (Zetterstedt, 1840) flavomaculata (Vander Linden, 1825) meridionalis Nielsen, 1935 metallica (Vander Linden, 1825) Crocothemis Brauer, 1868 erythraea (Brullé, 1832) Crocothemis Brauer, 1868 Leucorrhinia Brittinger, 1850 albifrons (Burmeister, 1839) Leucorrhinia Brittinger, 1850 caudalis (Charpentier, 1840) dubia (Vander Linden, 1825) pectoralis (Charpentier, 1825) rubicunda (Linnaeus, 1758) Libellula Linnaeus, 1758 depressa Linnaeus, 1758 Libellula Linnaeus, 1758 fulva Müller, 1764 quadrimaculata Linnaeus, 1758 Orthetrum Newman, 1833 albistylum (Selys, 1848) Orthetrum Newman, 1833 brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837) cancellatum (Linnaeus, 1758) coerulescens (Fabricius, 1798) Sympetrum Newman, 1833 danae (Sulzer, 1776) Sympetrum Newman, 1833 depressiusculum (Selys, 1841) flaveolum (Linnaeus, 1758) fonscolombii (Selys, 1840) meridionale (Selys, 1841) pedemontanum (Müller, 1766) sanguineum (Müller, 1764) striolatum (Charpentier, 1840) vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758) 184 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 184 27.8.2014 22:36:27 species Carpathians criteria EUR EU 27 LC LC LC LC mixta Latreille, 1805 LC subarctica Walker, 1908 EN viridis Eversman, 1836 DD NT NT isoceles (Müller, 1767) LC LC LC ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839) NA LC LC imperator Leach, 1815 LC LC LC B1ab(iii,iv,v), C2a(i) parthenope (Selys, 1839) LC LC LC pratense (Müller, 1764) DD LC LC vulgatissimus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC forcipatus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC HD Bern 4 2 cecilia (Fourcroy, 1785) LC LC LC 2, 4 2 flavipes (Charpentier, 1825) NT LC LC 4 2 bidentata Selys, 1843 LC NT NT boltonii (Donovan, 1807) DD LC LC heros Theischinger, 1979 NT NT NT insignis Schneider, 1845 NA EN EN picta Selys, 1854 NE VU VU aenea (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC bimaculata (Charpentier, 1825) DD LC LC alpestris (Selys, 1840) VU C2a(i), D2 LC LC arctica (Zetterstedt, 1840) EN B1ab(iii,iv,v), C2a(i) LC LC flavomaculata (Vander Linden, 1825) DD LC LC meridionalis Nielsen, 1935 DD LC LC metallica (Vander Linden, 1825) LC LC LC erythraea (Brullé, 1832) LC albifrons (Burmeister, 1839) *VU B2ac(iv), C2b caudalis (Charpentier, 1840) *EN B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv) dubia (Vander Linden, 1825) *NT pectoralis (Charpentier, 1825) *NT rubicunda (Linnaeus, 1758) *VU B2ac(iv), C2b LC LC LC NT 4 2 4 2 2, 4 2 LC NT LC LC LC LC LC LC depressa Linnaeus, 1758 LC LC LC fulva Müller, 1764 NT LC LC quadrimaculata Linnaeus, 1758 LC LC LC albistylum (Selys, 1848) LC LC LC brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837) LC LC LC cancellatum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC coerulescens (Fabricius, 1798) LC LC LC danae (Sulzer, 1776) LC LC LC depressiusculum (Selys, 1841) VU VU VU flaveolum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC fonscolombii (Selys, 1840) LC LC LC meridionale (Selys, 1841) LC LC LC pedemontanum (Allioni, 1766) NT LC LC sanguineum (Müller, 1764) LC LC LC striolatum (Charpentier, 1840) LC LC LC vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC B2ab(i, ii, iii, iv, v), D2 2, 4 185 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 185 27.8.2014 22:36:27 RED LIST OF GRASSHOPPERS, BUSH-CRICKETS AND CRICKETS (ORTHOPTERA) OF THE CARPATHIAN MOUNTAINS Anton Krištín (Slovakia) & Iorgu Ionuț Ștefan (Romania) (eds) Data and assessment process contributors and authors of relevant and cited publications: Anton Krištín (Slovakia), Iorgu Ionuț Ștefan (Romania), Miklós Heltai, Barnabas Nagy (Hungary), Jevhen Lyushenko, Vasil Chumak (Ukraine), Jaroslav Holuša, Petr Kočárek (Czech Republic), Axel Hochkirch (Germany) Introduction Orthoptera are among the most important bio-indicators of the status of integrity of natural habitats, especially for habitats with small plot sizes. Therefore, Orthoptera assemblages provide valuable information on habitat conditions and status of sites (MARINI et al. 2009). Global assessments of the conservation status of ca. 1000 European species of grasshoppers, crickets and bush-crickets for the IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM started in 2011. The Red List status of 60 species has been published in 2012. Altogether, the global Red List status of 236 Orthoptera species has been assessed (IUCN 2013), 14 of which occur in the Carpathians (Chorthippus acroleucus VU, Gampsocleis glabra LC, Isophya harzi VU, Metrioptera domogledi VU, Miramella irena VU, Odontopodisma nontana VU, Odontopodisma rubripes VU, Onconotus servillei VU, Poecilimon affinis LC, Poecilimon ampliatus LC, Saga pedo VU, Stenobothrus eurasius VU, Uvarovitettix transylvanicus VU and Zubovskia banatica VU). Red Lists of Orthoptera have been published in several Carpathian countries (however, based upon different criteria): Poland (LIANA 1992, LIANA 2002, GŁOWACIŃSKI & NOWACKI 2004), former Czechoslovakia (GULIČKA 1992), Hungary (NAGY 1999), Slovakia (KRIŠTÍN 2001), Czech Republic (HOLUŠA & KOČÁREK 2005), Ukraine (AKIMOV 2009, МАTELESHKO & POTISH 2011). A European Red List is not available yet and there is only one Carpathian Red List prepared ten years ago, based on unknown criteria, which includes five Orthoptera species (WITKOWSKI et al. 2003). Assessment Method For processing the existing data on grasshoppers, crickets and bush-crickets in the Carpathian region of Slovakia, Czech Republic, Poland, Ukraine and Romania the following three steps were used: 1. Documentation on the Orthoptera fauna in the Car- pathian region: Data was collected from the literature, from sources given by BioREGIO project partners in particular countries (see data contributors above) and own published and unpublished data (see literature section, unpublished records only by KRIŠTÍN A. & IORGU I. Ş.). 2. Data was entered in the online database platform of the project BioREGIO Carpathians as well as into a Microsoft Excel database. 3. All 142 Orthoptera species present in the Carpathian orographic units (excluding Serbia due to missing data) were evaluated according to the IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN 2001). Only one species (not native and introduced, Meconema meridionale) could not be assessed and was included in the category “Not Applicable” (NA). The other 141 species were classified to the categories Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), Near Threatened (NT), Least Concern (LC) and Data deficient (DD). Altogether 80 out of 141 species were not listed in the Bioregio database due to technical reasons (filling the occurrence, locations, habitats, threats in all orographic units in very common and abundant species), but they fulfil the general criteria for the category LC. Red List assessments from particular countries were also considered, based on the proposals of project partners and considering the extinction risk in surrounding Carpathian countries or adjacent Non-Carpathian territories. No assessment was done for the small part of the Carpathians located in Serbia, due to the absence of a partner. Our purpose was to collect and process all existing data on Orthoptera species from six Carpathian countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine) and enter them into a database developed by the State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic in order to assess the Red List status. 186 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 186 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Results (Summary) Altogether 142 Orthoptera species (ca 10.3% of the 1382 European species) were recorded in the Carpathian Mountains, in six Carpathian countries (CZ, SK, PL, UA, HU, RO; Table 1). The number of species ranged from 55 (Poland) to 133 (Romania) taxa, following the temperature gradient along this region and illustrating the strong impact on thermophilous insects as well as the proportional size of Carpathians in the particular countries. In these countries, the number of species listed in national Red Lists ranged from 12 (Poland, one threatened species) to 33 (Romania, 20 threatened species) and 37 species (Slovakia, 13 threatened species). Altogether, 61 of the 141 assessed species were included in Carpathian Red List, but only 20 of them are listed as threatened. Ten species were assessed as EN (Isophya harzi, Isophya ciucasi, Isophya nagyi, Saga pedo, Gampsocleis glabra, Metrioptera domogledi, Zubovskia banatica, Chorthippus acroleucus, Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, Podismopsis transsylvanica) and ten as VU (Isophya costata, I. sicula, I. dochia, Poecilimon intermedius, Onconotus servillei, Uvarovitettix transsylvanicus, Miramella irena, Odontopodisma decipiens, Odontopodisma montana, Stenobothrus eurasius, Table 1). Most of EN species are also included on the global IUCN Red List. A total of 16 species was endemic to the Carpathians (11.3% of 142) and further six species sub-endemic (Table 1), meaning that they also occur at a few sites in the area surrounding the Carpathians. Main threats The major threats detected in most red-listed species are: i) Habitat loss/degradation, abandonment of traditional management, of grass cutting and grazing and following succession leading to overgrowing by shrubs and trees (e.g. Saga pedo, Gampsocleis glabra, Metrioptera domogledi, Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, Odontopodisma decipiens, Miramella irena, Stenobothrus eurasius). ii) Human settlement expansion, use of insecticides, overgrazing (e.g. Isophya harzi, I. ciucasi, I. nagyi, I. sicula, I. dochia, Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, Saga pedo, Chorthippus acroleucus, Podismopsis transsylvanica). iii) Afforestation of non-forest habitats (e.g. Saga pedo, Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, Stenobothrus eurasius). iv) Restricted range, low densities, limited dispersal with combination with above mentioned threats: (e.g. most of brachypterous species Isophya harzi, I. ciucasi, I. nagyi, I. sicula, I. dochia, Poecilimon intermedius, Onconotus servillei, Gampsocleis glabra, Uvarovitettix transsylvanicus, Miramella irena, Zubovskia banatica, Chorthippus acroleucus, Podismopsis transsylvanica). 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(* = present) SK Taxa RL CZ Crit RL Ephippiger ephippiger (Fiebig, 1784) * Conocephalus discolor Thunberg, 1815 / * HU Crit RL Crit =fuscus (Fabricius, 1793)/ Conocephalus dorsalis (Latreille, 1804) LC * Conocephalus hastatus (Charpentier, 1825) Ruspolia nitidula (Scopoli, 1786) LC Meconema meridionale A. Costa, 1860 * Meconema thalassinum (De Geer, 1773) * Barbitistes constrictus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 * Barbitistes ocskayi (Charpentier, 1850) Barbitistes serricauda (Fabricius, 1798) NT Isophya beybienkoi Maran, 1958 DD * Isophya camptoxypha Fieber, 1853 NT * Isophya costata Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 VU B1 a+c Isophya harzi Kis, 1960 Isophya kraussii kraussii Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 * * Isophya kraussii moldavica Iorgu & Heller, 2013 Isophya modestior Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882 Isophya pienensis Maran, 1954 * NT * Isophya ciucasi Iorgu & Iorgu, 2010 Isophya sicula Orci, Szovenyi & Nagy, 2010 Isophya dochia Iorgu, 2012 Isophya nagyi Szovenyi, Puskas & Orci, 2012 Isophya posthumoidalis Bazyluk, 1971 DD Isophya speciosa (Frivaldszky, 1867) Isophya stysi Cejchan, 1957 NT Isophya modesta (Frivaldszky, 1867) VU NT B1 a+c VU B1 a+c 190 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 190 27.8.2014 22:36:27 RAMME, W. (1951). Zur Systematik Faunistik und Biologie der Orthopteren von Sudost-Europa und Vorderasien, Mitteilungen Aus Dem Zoologischen Museum zu Berlin, 27: 383-385. KRIŠTÍN, A., P. KAŇUCH, B. JARČUŠKA, E. I. IORGU & I. S. IORGU (2013): Notes on Orthoptera (Insecta) and their assemblages in the Romanian Carpathians. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa” LVI (1): 19-32. SANGHELI, A. (1978). Date noi privind distributia speciei Saga pedo (Pall), (Sagidae-Orthoptera) in Muntii Banatului. Muzeul Banatului Tibiscus: 133-140. (in Romanian) NAGY, B., B. KIS & L. NAGY (1983). Saga pedo Pall. (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae): Verbreitung und ökologische Regelmassigkeiten des Vorkommes in SO-Mitteleuropa. Verh. SIEEC X: 190-192. SZÖVÉNY, G. & K. M. ORCI (2008). Contributions to the Orthoptera fauna of Maramureş county with the first record of Isophya posthumoidalis Bazyluk 1971 in Romania. Studia Universitatis “Vasile Goldiş”, Seria Ştiinţele Vieţii 19: 235-241. ORCI, K. M., G. SZÖVÉNYI & B. NAGY (2010a): A characterization of the pair forming acoustic signals of Isophya harzi (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Phaneropteridae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 56(1): 43-53. SZÖVÉNY, G., G. PUSKÁS & K. M. ORCI (2012): Isophya nagyi, a new phaneropterid bush-cricket (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) from the Eastern Carpathians (Caliman Mountains, North Romania). Zootaxa 3521: 67-79. ORCI, K. M., G. SZÖVÉNYI & B. NAGY (2010b). Isophya sicula sp. n. (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea), a new, morphologically cryptic bush-cricket species from the Eastern Carpathians (Romania) recognized from its peculiar male calling song. Zootaxa 2627: 57-68. PL RL * UA Crit RL RO Crit RL Crit RL * * * * * * * * LC * * * * Carpathians Crit Endemic, or Subendemic in Carpathians LC NA * * * * * * * * * * * * * NT * * EN DD NT DD DD * * * NT B2a+b iii iv v DD E * E VU B1a, b(iv, v) EN B2a+b iii iv v * * * * * * * LC E E EN B1a+b ii iii EN B1a+b ii iii E VU B2a+b iii VU B2a+b iii E VU B2a+b iii VU B2a+b iii E EN B2a+b iii EN B2a+b iii E LC LC LC LC E * LC E * DD SE 191 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 191 27.8.2014 22:36:27 SK Taxa RL CZ Crit RL HU Crit RL Crit Isophya rectipennis Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Isophya zubowskii Bei-Bienko, 1954 Leptophyes albovittata (Kollar, 1833) Leptophyes discoidalis (Frivaldszky, 1867) * * NT NT Leptophyes laticauda (Frivaldszky, 1867) Leptophyes punctatissima (Bosc, 1792) * Phaneroptera falcata (Poda, 1761) Phaneroptera nana Fieber, 1853 * * DD * Poecilimon affinis (Frivaldszky, 1867) Poecilimon ampliatus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Poecilimon brunneri (Frivaldszky, 1867) * Poecilimon fussii Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 CR B1 a+c Poecilimon intermedius (Fieber, 1853) EN B1 a+c; D Poecilimon schmidtii (Fieber, 1853) LC VU B1 a+c VU B1 a+c VU B1 a+c LC Poecilimon thoracicus (Fieber, 1853) Polysarcus denticauda (Charpentier, 1825) LC CR B1 a+b+c * CR B1 a+b+c EN Onconotus servillei Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) Decticus verrucivorus (Linnaeus, 1758) CR B1 a+b+c * * * Metrioptera (M.) bicolor (Philippi, 1830) * * * Metrioptera (M.) brachyptera (Linnaeus, 1761) * * * B1 a+b+c Gampsocleis glabra (Herbst, 1786) Metrioptera (Broughtonia) domogledi Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1882 Metrioptera (M.) roeselii roeselii (Hagenbach, 1822) * Pachytrachis gracilis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1861) CR * B1 a+b+c * EN Pholidoptera aptera (Fabricius, 1793) * * * Pholidoptera fallax (Fischer, 1853) * * * * * Pholidoptera frivaldskyi (Herman, 1871) Pholidoptera griseoaptera (De Geer, 1773) EN B1 a+c B1 a+c * Pholidoptera littoralis similis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1861) Pholidoptera transsylvanica (Fischer, 1853) NT NT Platycleis (P.) albopunctata (Goeze, 1778) Platycleis (Platycleis) albopunctata grisea (Fabricius, 1781) * * * Platycleis (Montana) striata (Thunberg, 1815) Platycleis (Montana) montana (Kollar, 1833) NT Platycleis (Tesselana) veyseli (Kocak, 1984) * Pterolepis germanica (Herrich-Schäffer, 1840) Tettigonia cantans (Füssli, 1775) VU * * B1 a+c * * * Tettigonia caudata (Charpentier, 1842) NT * NT Tettigonia viridissima Linnaeus, 1758 * * * Acheta domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * DD * * Gryllus campestris Linnaeus, 1758 * * * Melanogryllus desertus (Pallas, 1771) * * * Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis (Latreille, 1804) 192 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 192 27.8.2014 22:36:27 PL RL UA Crit RL RO Crit RL Crit RL Carpathians Crit Endemic, or Subendemic in Carpathians * LC LC LC LC * * * NT * DD DD DD SE SE * * * * * * * DD NT NT DD DD * DD DD VU * LC NT NT * LC DD DD NT DD * LC * VU B2a+b iii; D1 VU B2a+b iii; D1 EN B2a+b i ii iii; D EN B2a+b i ii iii; D B2a+b; D EN * EN * * * * * * * * * EN * * * DD * * * * DD LC DD * * * * * LC LC * * * * * * NT NT NT * EN * * * B2a+b * EN * B1 a+c B1a, b(ii,iii,iv, v) B2a+b; D B2a+b; D E SE SE * LC DD * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 193 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 193 27.8.2014 22:36:27 SK Taxa RL CZ Crit RL HU Crit RL Modicogryllus frontalis (Fieber, 1844) * * Nemobius sylvestris (Bosc, 1792) * * Oecanthus pellucens (Scopoli, 1763) * * * Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * Myrmecophilus acervorum (Panzer, [1799]) * * * Tetrix bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * Crit * Pteronemobius heydenii (Fischer, 1853) Tetrix ceperoi (Bolívar, 1887) * Tetrix subulata (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * Tetrix tenuicornis Sahlberg, 1893 * * * LC CR * * Tetrix tuerki (Krauss, 1876) Tetrix undulata (Sowerby, 1806) B1 a+b+c * Uvarovitettix transsylvanicus (Bazyluk et Kis, 1960) Acrida ungarica (Herbst, 1786) Calliptamus italicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Paracaloptenus caloptenoides (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1861) Miramella alpina (Kollar, 1833) * CR NT B1 a+b+c * CR * B1 a+b+c * Miramella ebneri ebneri (Galvagni, 1953) Miramella ebneri carpathica Cejchan, 1958 * Miramella irena (Fruhstorfer, 1921) Odontopodisma acuminata Kis, 1962 Odontopodisma carpathica Kis, 1962 Odontopodisma decipiens Ramme, 1951 VU B2 a+c Odontopodisma rubripes Ramme, 1931 VU B1 a+c Pezotettix giornae (Rossi, 1794) VU B1 a+c Odontopodisma montana Kis, 1962 Podisma pedestris (Linnaeus, 1758) * * RE * Pseudopodisma fieberi (Scudder, 1897) Pseudopodisma nagyi Galvagni & Fontana, 1996 Pseudopodisma transilvanica Galvagni & Fontana, 1993 LC LC * Zubovskya banatica Kis, 1965 Arcyptera fusca (Pallas, 1773) NT RE VU Chorthippus albomarginatus (De Geer, 1773) * * * Chorthippus apricarius (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * Chorthippus biguttulus (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * B1 a+c Chorthippus acroleucus (Müller, 1924) Chorthippus brunneus (Thunberg, 1815) * * * Chorthippus dichrous (Eversmann, 1859) DD * * Chorthippus dorsatus (Zetterstedt, 1821) * * * Chorthippus mollis (Charpentier, 1825) * * * Chorthippus montanus (Charpentier, 1825) * * * Chorthippus oschei Helversen, 1985 * Chorthippus parallelus (Zetterstedt, 1821) Chorthippus pullus (Philippi, 1830) * * * NT NT Chorthippus tatrae (Harz, 1971) * Chorthippus vagans (Eversmann, 1848) * * * * 194 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 194 27.8.2014 22:36:27 PL RL UA Crit RL RO Crit RL Crit RL Carpathians Crit Endemic, or Subendemic in Carpathians * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * NT LC LC LC * * * * VU * * LC NT LC EN * * * * E B2a+b; D LC B2a+b iii; D1 VU * * * * VU B2a,bII,IV * B2a+b; D * VU NT VU * * EN * B2a,bII,IV * B1a+b iii iv v B2a+b iii; D1 VU B2a+c VU B1a+b iii iv v NT NT * LC * LC E? SE * DD * LC * LC EN B2a+b iii iv v * EN * EN B2a+b iii iv v E B2a+b iii iv v E NT B2a+b iii iv v EN * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * DD NT * NT * * * * 195 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 195 27.8.2014 22:36:27 SK Taxa RL Chrysochraon dispar (Germar, [1834]) * Dociostaurus brevicollis (Eversmann, 1848) * CZ Crit RL * RL Crit * * Dociostaurus maroccanus (Thunberg, 1815) Euchorthippus declivus (Brisout de Barneville, 1849) HU Crit * * * * Euchorthippus pulvinatus (Fischer de Waldheim, 1846) * Euthystira brachyptera (Ocskay, 1826) * * * * Gomphocerippus rufus (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * Myrmeleotettix maculatus (Thunberg, 1815) * * * Omocestus haemorrhoidalis (Charpentier, 1825) * * * Omocestus petraeus (Brisout de Barneville, 1856) * Omocestus rufipes (Zetterstedt, 1821) * * * Omocestus viridulus (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * Podismopsis transsylvanica Ramme, 1951 Stauroderus scalaris (Fischer de Waldheim, 1846) Stenobothrus crassipes (Charpentier, 1825) Stenobothrus eurasius Zubovskii, 1898 NT * * VU * B2 a+c * VU Stenobothrus lineatus (Panzer, 1796) * * * Stenobothrus nigromaculatus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1840) * * * * * * B2 a+c Stenobothrus rubicundulus Kruseman et Jeekel, 1967 Stenobothrus stigmaticus (Rambur, 1838) Aiolopus strepens (Latreille, 1804) Aiolopus thalassinus (Fabricius, 1781) LC Mecostethus parapleurus (Hagenbach, 1822) NT * NT * Oedaleus decorus (Germar, 1826) * * Oedipoda caerulescens (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * Bryodemella tuberculatum (Fabricius, 1775) Psophus stridulus (Linnaeus, 1758) * NT NT Sphingonotus caerulans (Linnaeus, 1767) NT * * Stethophyma grossum (Linnaeus, 1758) LC NT * Total species 37 11 17 RE CR 2 4 3 1 6 EN 2 VU 7 1 2 NT 11 5 LC 8 DD 5 6 2 196 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 196 27.8.2014 22:36:27 PL RL UA Crit RL RO Crit RL Crit RL Carpathians Crit Endemic, or Subendemic in Carpathians * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * EN * B2a+b iii * * * B2a+b iii E * * VU EN * B2a+c VU * * * * * * * * * * * * DD * * LC DD NT * LC B2a+c * * VU * B1, B2a+b iv+v NT * * DD DD * LC * LC * * * LC 12 14 33 61 1 10 10 10 10 1 2 9 4 7 2 2 8 22 7 3 4 12 197 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 197 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Table 2: Detailed description of Red List criteria for Carpathian Orthoptera Taxa Criteria in detail for Carpathians Meconema meridionale A. Costa, 1860 not native in Carpathians, known only from 2009 there Barbitistes serricauda (Fabricius, 1798) NT close to VU: B. 2. AOO: approx. 3000 km2; (a) severely fragmented; (b) II. continuing decline in area / quality of habitat Isophya costata Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 B. 1. EOO cca. 10 000-15 000 km2; (a) severely fragmented; (b) continuing decline in area, quality of habitat (due to overgrazing), number of locations; number of mature individuals. Isophya harzi Kis, 1960 B. 2. AOO cca. 150 km2; (a) only one known location; (b) continuing decline in area, quality of habitat (due to overgrazing), number of subpopulations; number of mature individuals Isophya ciucasi Iorgu & Iorgu, 2010 B. 1. EOO cca. 3000 km2; (a) only two locations; (b) continuing decline in area of occupancy and area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing) Isophya sicula Orci, Szovenyi & Nagy, 2010 B. 2. AOO cca. 1000 km2; (a) only two locations; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing and human settlement expansion) Isophya dochia Iorgu, 2012 B. 2. AOO cca. 1000 km2; (a) only three locations; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing) Isophya nagyi Szovenyi, Puskas & Orci, 2012 B. 2. AOO cca. 300 km2; (a) only two locations; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing) Poecilimon affinis (Frivaldszky, 1867) NT close to VU: B. 1. EOO: approx. 20 000 km2; (a) only 25 locations; (b) II. continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing). Poecilimon intermedius (Fieber, 1853) B. 1. EOO cca. 10 000 km2; (a) severely fragmented; (b) continuing decline in area of occupancy, quality of habitat (due to overgrazing), number of locations; number of mature individuals. Poecilimon thoracicus (Fieber, 1853) NT close to VU: B. 1. EOO: approx. 10 000 km2; (a) only 11 locations; (b) II. continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing). Onconotus servillei Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 B. 2. AOO cca. 1000 km2; (a) only one location; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat; D. 1. Population size: 500-800 individuals. Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) B. 2. AOO cca. 300 km2; (a) only five locations; (b) continuing decline in extent of occurrence, area of occupancy and area / quality of habitat; D. population size estimated to be less than 200 mature individuals Gampsocleis glabra (Herbst, 1786) B2. AOO: approx. 200 km2; (a) only one location; (b) continuing decline in area of occupancy and number of mature individuals; D. Population size: approx. 150-200 mature individuals. Metrioptera (Broughtonia) domogledi Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1882 B2. AOO: approx. 200 km2; (a) only one location; (b) continuing decline in area of occupancy and number of mature individuals. In Serbia 4 oro units (VU, Pavičevič D, in litt.) Pachytrachis gracilis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1861) NT close to VU: B. 1. EOO: approx. 25 000 km2; (a) especially in the northern countries severely fragmented; (b) II. continuing decline in area / quality of habitat. Platycleis (Montana) montana (Kollar, 1833) NT close to VU: B. 2. AOO: approx. 2100 km2; (a) only 4 locations; (b) II. continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing and human settlement expansion). Uvarovitettix transsylvanicus (Bazyluk et Kis, 1960) B. 2. AOO: approx. 1800-2000 km2; (a) only four locations; (b) continuing decline in (II) area of occupancy and (IV) number of locations Paracaloptenus caloptenoides (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1861) B. 2. AOO: approx. 380-450 km2; (a) severely fragmented, only 11 locations; (b) continuing decline in area of occupancy, number of mature individuals; D. Population size: approx. 200-250 mature individuals. Miramella irena (Fruhstorfer, 1921) B. 2. AOO cca. 1000 km2; (a) only one location; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat; D. 1. Population size: 800-1000 mature individuals. 198 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 198 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Odontopodisma decipiens Ramme, 1951 B. 2. AOO: approx. 800-1000 km2; (a) only 8 locations; (c) extreme fluctuations in number of mature individuals Odontopodisma montana Kis, 1962 B. 1. EOO cca. 15000 km2; (a) only six locations; (b) continuing decline in: area and quality of habitat; number of locations; number of mature individuals Odontopodisma rubripes Ramme, 1931 NT close to VU: B. 1. EOO: approx. 20 000 km2; (a) severely fragmented; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat. Zubovskya banatica Kis, 1965 B. 2. AOO cca. 200 km2; (a) only one location; (b) continuing decline in area, quality of habitat; number of subpopulations; number of mature individuals Arcyptera fusca (Pallas, 1773) NT close to VU: B. 2. AOO: approx. 2 000-3 000 km2; (a) severely fragmented; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (aforestation, lost of pastures). Chorthippus acroleucus (Müller, 1924) B. 2. AOO cca. 150 km2; (a) only one location; (b) continuing decline in area, quality of habitat (due to overgrazing), number of subpopulations; number of mature individuals Chorthippus pullus (Philippi, 1830) NT close to VU: B. 2. AOO: approx. 2 000-3 000 km2; (a) severely fragmented; (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat. Podismopsis transsylvanica Ramme, 1951 B. 2. AOO cca. 200 km2; (a) only one location; should be: (b) continuing decline in area / quality of habitat (due to overgrazing) Stenobothrus eurasius Zubovskii, 1898 B. 2. AOO: approx. 2000 km2; (a) only 7 locations; (c) extreme fluctuations in number of mature individuals. 199 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 199 27.8.2014 22:36:27 DRAFT RED LIST OF BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONOIDEA) OF THE CARPATHIAN MTS. Compiled by Henrik Kalivoda Contributors and persons involved in processing and compilation of source data: Ľubomír Víťaz (Slovakia), Wieczisław Król, Aleksandra Pępkowska-Król, Monika Szewczyk (Poland), Miklós Heltai (Hungary), Horea Olosutean (Romania), Yevhen Lyashenko (Ukraine), Dragan Pavicevic (Serbia) Background There are 483 butterfly species listed in the worldwide IUCN Red List, and majority of the species occurring in Europe and the Carpathian region are part of this list. The worldwide IUCN Red List was one of the key documents in development of the Carpathian Red List. Another background document used was IUCN European Red List of Butterflies, published in 2010. All butterflies species threatened in Europe are in this document very well evaluated, however, without closer reference to individual countries or regions. Data are evaluated from EU and Pan-European perspective. Despite these shortcomings, the IUCN European Red List of Butterflies was an important source of information. The major source of information was a database developed specifically for the BioREGIO Carpathians project purposes. Full and useful data were available from Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Ukraine and partially from Serbia. Data from other countries of the Carpathian region were insufficient. Methods A new classification of butterflies (NIEUKERKEN et al. 2011) was used, where some families and superfamilies of butterflies have been changed. The family Satyridae was merged with family Nymphalidae and whole superfamily Hesperioidea was moved to superfamily Papilionoidea as family Hesperiidae. In the overall assessment there was only a group of butterflies (Superfamily Papilionoidea) included. Data on the occurrence and distribution of other groups of Lepidoptera were insufficient. There also is a problem in timeliness and spatial distribution in each country within the Carpathian region. Results Altogether, 231 butterfly and moth species were listed in the BioREGIO Carpathians project database. Only 114 butterfly species were evaluated due to incomplete data sets of moths in some countries. The level of knowledge of butterflies in particular Carpathian countries differs as well. In summary, the following numbers of butterfly species were listed under the categories RE?, CR, EN, and VU in the National Red lists: 3 (HU), 13 (UA), 0 (RS), 25 (RO), 16 (PL) and 51 species (SK) (See Table1). Species of dry rocky habitats, grasslands, pastures, peat bogs and fens dominate in the national red lists. The list of threatened Butterflies in the Carpathians is in Table 2. Table 1: Number of species recorded in Red List in the Carpathians in individual countries Status of threat RE? CR EN VU NT LC DD Slovakia 8 8 18 17 8 2 9 Hungary 1 2 6 46 Poland 6 1 5 4 8 13 1 Romania 3 7 15 3 1 1 Serbia 1 1 Ukraine 1 7 5 1 1 1 200 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 200 27.8.2014 22:36:27 Major threats to butterflies in the Carpathians The main threats to butterflies are degradation and loss of habitats, which causes loss of optimal conditions for existence. The main reason is the drastic decline in traditional farming, mainly on non-forest habitats - abandonment of traditional management. Grass cutting and grazing is on decline and it leads to succession and overgrowing by shrubs and trees. Also an afforestation of dry rocky habitats has very negative consequences. Conservation of butterflies in the Carpathians Protection of butterflies must be based on the protection of their habitats. It is necessary to stop the degradation of grassland and pasture habitats and provide management under traditional agriculture. It is also necessary to ensure the protection of fens and bogs, and to stabilise and protect the water regime. For dry rocky habitats is necessary to stop the succession and ensure a removal of pioneering shrubs and trees. References BUSZKO, J. & MASŁOWSKI, J. (2008). Motyle dzienne Polski. Wyd. Koliber, Nowy Sącz. 274 pp. GYULAI, P., LÁSZLÓ, M. GY., PEKARSKY, O., PEREGOVITS, L., RONKAY, G., RONKAY, L., SZABÓKY, CS., VARGA, Z. & WITT, T. J. (2011). Magyarország nagylepkéi – Macrolepidoptera of Hungary. – in: Varga, Z. (ed.): Heterocera Press Ltd., Budapest, 253 pp. MATELESHKO, O. & POTISH, L. (eds) (2011). Red Data Book of Ukrainian Carpathians. Animals. Uzhgorod: Karpaty, 2011. – 336 pp. NIEUKERKEN, E. J. VAN, KAILA, L., KITCHING, I. J., KRISTENSEN, N. P., LEES, D. C., MINET, J., MITTER, C. H., MUTANEN, M., REGIER, J. C., SIMONSEN, T. J., WAHLBERG, N., YEN, S–H., ZAHIRI, R., ADAMSKI, D., BAIXERAS, J., BARTSCH, D., BENGTSSON, B. Å., BROWN, J. W., BUCHELI, S. R., DAVIS, D. R., DE PRINS, J., DE PRINS, W., EPSTEIN, M. E., GENTILI–POOLE, P., GIELIS, C., HÄTTENSCHWILER, P., HAUSMANN, A., HOLLOWAY, J. D., KALLIES, A., KARSHOLT, O., KAWAHARA, A. Y., KOSTER, S. J. C., KOZLOV, M. V., LAFONTAINE, J. D., LAMAS, G., LANDRY, J–F., LEE, S., NUSS, M., PARK, K–T., PENZ, C., ROTA, J., SCHMIDT, B. C., SCHINTLMEISTER, A., SOHN, J–C., SOLIS, M. A., TARMANN, G. M., WARREN, A. D., WELLER, S., YAKOVLEV, R. V., ZOLOTUHIN, V. V. & ZWICK, A. (2011). Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z–Q. (Ed.), Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher–level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148: 212–221. NEKRUTENKO, YU. & TSHIKOLOVETS, V. (2005). The Butterflies of Ukraine. Rayevsky Scientific Publishers, Kyiv, 231 pp. SLAMKA, F. (2004). Die Tagfalter Mitteleuropas - östlicher Teil. Bestimmung, Biotope und Bionomie, Verbreitung, Gefährdung. Bratislava: František Slamka, 288 pp. SZÉKELY, L. (2008). The Butterflies of Romania – Fluturii de zi din România. Braşov, 305 pp. TSHIKOLOVETS, V. (2011): Butterflies of Europe and the Mediterranean Area. Tshikolovets Publications, Pardubice, 544 pp. VAN SWAAY, C., CUTTELOD, A., COLLINS, S., MAES, D., LOPEZ MUNGUIRA, M., ŠAŠIĆ, M., SETTELE, J., VEROVNIK, R., VERSTRAEL, T., WARREN, M., WIEMERS, M. AND WYNHOF, I. (2010). European Red List of Butterflies. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Table 2: List of threatened Butterflies in Carpathians and their IUCN Red List categories and criteria IUCN RL category (Carpathians) IUCN RL criteria (Carpathians) Endemic to Carpathians HD Annexes Bern Convention Appendices Carcharodus floccifera (Zeller, 1847) EN A.3. N Carcharodus lavatherae (Esper, 1783) EN A.3. N Spialia orbifer (Hübner, 1823) VU A.3. N Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus, 1758) EN A.2. N + II Zerynthia polyxena (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) EN B.1.b.(ii). N + II Pieris ergane (Geyer, 1828) EN B.1.b.(ii). N Pieris mannii (Mayer, 1851) EN A.2. N Lepidoptera Hesperiidae Papilionidae Pieridae Leptidea morsei (Fenton, 1882) VU A.3. N Colias chrysotheme (Esper, 1781) EN A.3. N Colias myrmidone (Esper, 1781) EN A.3. N + + 201 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 201 27.8.2014 22:36:27 IUCN RL category IUCN RL criteria (Carpathians) (Carpathians) Colias palaeno (Linnaeus, 1761) EN A.3. Colias phicomone (Esper, 1780) RE Endemic to Carpathians HD Annexes Bern Convention Appendices N N Nymphalidae Nymphalis xanthomelas (Esper, 1781) EN Nymphalis vaualbum (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) RE Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) VU A.3. N A.3. N N Brenthis hecate (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N Boloria aquilonaris (Stichel, 1908) EN A.2. N Boloria titania (Esper, 1793) EN B.1.b.(ii). N Boloria pales (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N Boloria eunomia (Esper, 1799) VU B.2.a.+b.(i,ii,iii,iv). N Melitaea telona Fruhstorfer, 1908 EN B.2.a. N Melitaea trivia (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) EN A.3. N Melitaea phoebe (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N + Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) EN A.3. N + II Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) EN A.3. N + II Hipparchia statilinus (Hufnagel, 1766) EN A.3. N Hipparchia fagi (Scopoli, 1763) VU A.3. N Chazara briseis (Linnaeus, 1764) EN A.3. N Erebia gorge (Hübner, 1804) VU A.3. N Erebia manto (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N Erebia melas (Herbst, 1796) VU A.3. N Erebia pharte (Hübner, 1804) VU A.3. N Erebia pronoe (Esper, 1780) EN A.3. N Erebia sudetica Staudinger, 1861 EN A.3. N + II Coenonympha hero (Linnaeus, 1761) EN A.3. N + II Coenonympha rhodopensis Elwes, 1900 VU A.3. N Coenonympha tullia (Muller, 1764) VU A.3. N II Lasiommata petropolitana (Fabricius, 1787) VU A.3. N Lopinga achine (Scopoli, 1763) VU A.3. N + Lycaena helle (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N + Lycaena thersamon (Esper, 1784) VU A.3. N Plebejus optilete (Knoch, 1781) VU A.3. N Lycaenidae Pseudophilotes vicrama (Hemming, 1929) VU A.3. N Scolitantides orion (Pallas, 1771) VU A.3. N Glaucopsyche alexis (Poda, 1761) EN A.3. N Phengaris arion (Linnaeus, 1758) EN A.2. N Phengaris alcon (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N Phengaris nausithous (Bergstrasser, 1779) VU A.3. + II N + II + II Phengaris teleius (Bergstrasser, 1779) VU A.3. N Polyommatus amandus (Schneider, 1792) EN A.2. N Polyommatus eroides (Frivaldszky, 1835) EN A.2. N Polyommatus admetus (Esper, 1783) VU A.3. N Polyommatus damon (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N Polyommatus dorylas (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) VU A.3. N + 202 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 202 27.8.2014 22:36:28 DRAFT CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF FISH AND LAMPREY SPECIES Compiled by Ján Koščo Contributors and persons involved in processing and compilation of source data: Ján Koščo (Slovakia) , Miklós Heltai, Ákos Harka, Zoltán Sallai (Hungary), Monika Szewczyk, Michal Nowak, Piotr Mikolajczyk (Poland), Saša Brankovič (Serbia), Fedir Kurtiak (Ukraine), Karel Halačka, Martin Strnad (Czech Republic), Doru Banaduc (Romania) Acknowledgments We would like to acknowledge the committed work of specialists who have provided information and expertise to this project: M. Makomaska-Juchiewicz, M. Szewczyk, M. Heltai, S. Branković, M. Strnad, F. Kurtyak, and D. Banaduc. We would also like to thank all the other specialists’ assessors and reviewers who contributed to this project: Á. Harka, Z. Sallai, M. Nowak, and K. Halačka. Background Global and European context At the global scale, the best source of information on the conservation status of plants and animals is the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (see www.iucnredlist.org). We used assessments available on the European Red List website and data portal: http://www.iucnredlist.org/, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/ species/redlist and http://www.iucnredlist.org/europe. Carpathian/national context The waters of the Carpathians are mainly fast-flowing mountain rivers and streams with the bedrock bottom. River slope ranges between less than 10‰ to over 100‰. The occurrence of macrophytes is rather restricted, due in part to fast currents and considerable changes in water level. Such hydrological conditions determine fish composition, with the dominant share of reophilous species. Fish preferring a bedrock bottom are a characteristic group in the Carpathian region. Executive summary As part of this Red List assessment, 76 native species have been assessed, present in the seven states of the Carpathian Region. Assessment methodology The status of all species was assessed using the IUCN Red List Criteria, which are the world’s most widely accepted system for measuring extinction risk. All assessments followed the Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels. The extinction risk of a species can be assessed at global, regional or national level. One species can have a different category in the National Red List and a Regional Red List. An endemic species should have the same category at national and regional level, as it is not present in any other part of the Carpathian region. Taxonomic scope / Habitats categorisation Taxonomy largely follows KOTTELAT AND FREYHOF (2007). Assessments and evaluation All lamprey and fish species, occurring in the Carpathians, were evaluated. Results Threat status – See Table 1. Major threats Although pollution is one of the most widespread threats, impacting the highest number of species, it is not the most serious threat. Other significant threats such as water abstraction and the introduction of alien species are causing much more rapid population declines for some freshwater species. The single most important threat to European freshwater fishes is the abstraction of water; from underground, or from the streams and rivers themselves. Many Carpathian fishes are highly susceptible to the impact of introduced alien species. These may be predators or competitors. Most freshwater fishes are very sensitive to alterations of their natural habitat. In addition, many require long distance migrations to fulfil their life cycle. There are few rivers in the Carpathians that have not been impacted by dams for hydropower or irrigation purposes. Conservation/conservation management Carpathian countries are signatories to a number of important conventions aimed at conserving biodiversity that are particularly relevant to freshwater fishes, including the 203 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 203 27.8.2014 22:36:28 1979 Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, and most importantly, the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity. All countries and regions also afford freshwater fishes some form of protective species legislation. The EU’s LIFE+ programme offers financial support for species and habitats conservation projects throughout the EU. In particular, LIFE+ supports the implementation of the Birds and Habitats Directives and the establishment of the Natura 2000 network. Projects involve a variety of actions including habitat restoration, site purchases, communication and awareness-raising, protected area infrastructure and conservation planning. References ESSL, F., MOSER, D., DIRNBOCK, T., DULLINGER, S., MILASOWSZKY, N., WINTER, M. & RABITSCH, W. (2013). Native, alien, endemic, threatened, and extinct species diversity in European countries. BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 164: 90-97. FREYHOF, J. & BROOKS, E. (2011). European Red List of Freshwater Fishes. Luxembourg: Publications Offi- ce of the European Union. HARKA, Á. & SALLAI, Z. (2004). Magyarország halfaunája. Képes határozó és elterjedési tájékoztató. NIMFEA T. E., SZARVAS, 269 pp. KOŠČO, J. & HOLČÍK, J. (2008). Anotovaný Červený zoznam mihúľ a rýb Slovenska – verzia 2007. Biodiverzita ichtyofauny ČR (VII): 119-132. KOTTELAT, M. & FREYHOF, J. (2007). Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol, Switzerland, 646 pp. LUSK, S., HANEL, L. & LUSKOVA, V. (2004). Red List of the ichthyofauna of the Czech Republic: Development and present status. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA, 53, 2: 215-226. WITKOWSKI, A. (1991). Threats and protection of freshwater fishes in Poland. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 42(2-3): 243-259. WITKOWSKI, Z.J., KRÓL, W. & SOLARZ, W. (eds) (2003). Carpathian List of Endangered Species. WWF and Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Vienna-Kraków, 64 pp. Table 1: Overview of the status of Lamprey and Fish species of the Carpathians Family/Taxon SK CZ HU PL RO UA EN NT RS Carp. RL Petromyzontidae Eudontomyzon danfordii NT EN Eudontomyzon mariae VU NT Eudontomyzon vladykovi NE Lampetra planeri EN CR VU CR VU - CR VU CR CR NA VU VU Acipenseridae Acipenser nudiventris Acipenser ruthenus EN NT NT CR Acipenser stellatus Acipenser sturio Acipenser oxyrinchus EN EN VU EN EN EN EN RE RE Huso huso CR CR EN NE Alosa caspia DD DD Alosa immaculata VU VU LC LC Anguillidae Anguilla anguilla NE NA VU NE CR Clupeidae Cyprinidae Abramis brama LC LC LC LC NT Alburnoides bipunctatus LC Alburnus alburnus LC VU LC EN LC LC LC LC Ballerus ballerus NT Ballerus sapa NT VU LC LC Barbus barbus LC Barbus carpathicus LC Blicca bjoerkna LC NT LC LC NT LC LC DD LC NT NT LC NT LC NT LC VU NT NT NT NT LC LC DD NT LC LC 204 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 204 27.8.2014 22:36:28 Family/Taxon SK CZ HU PL Carassius carassius VU CR VU NT Cyprinus carpio wild form NE Cyprinus carpio culture form LC Gobio carpathicus NT Gobio obtusirostris Gobio gobio RO UA RS EN EN VU VU EN NA LC LC NT EN NT LC LC LC Chondrostoma nasus NT Leucaspius delineatus EN Carp. RL LC LC LC VU LC EN LC CR NT LC LC NT LC LC LC NT VU Leuciscus aspius LC LC LC NT Leuciscus idus NT NT LC LC Leuciscus leuciscus NT LC LC NT Pelecus cultratus EN Phoxinus phoxinus LC NT VU Rhodeus amarus LC EN LC Romanogobio albipinnatus NT NT LC VU VU DD NT Romanogobio kesslerii EN CR NT NT VU DD VU Romanogobio uranoscopus EN DD EN Rutilus rutilus LC LC LC Rutilus virgo VU Scardinius erythrophthalmus LC LC LC LC Squalius cephalus LC LC LC LC CR NT EN NT LC LC LC LC LC NT LC VU DD NT LC EN LC LC VU LC EN LC VU Telestes souffia LC VU Tinca tinca NT LC LC LC Vimba vimba NT VU LC CR LC NT LC VU LC NT NT LC LC VU CR NT LC NT Cobitidae Cobitis elongatoides NT Cobitis elongata Cobitis taenia DD NT NT Misgurnus fossilis NT EN NT Sabanejewia balcanica NT VU NT VU LC LC CR NE LC NE CR NT - NT LC LC LC LC LC LC NT EN EN EN - EN NT - Balitoridae Barbatula barbatula LC Siluridae Silurus glanis LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC Esocidae Esox lucius Umbridae Umbra krameri EN VU Salmonidae Hucho hucho EN EW EN NA Salmo trutta LC NT LC NE Salmo salar Thymallus thymallus CR RE NT VU NE LC NT LC VU Cottus gobio NT VU LC NT Cottus poecilopus LC VU LC RE VU VU - VU NT LC NT Lotidae Lota lota Cottidae VU EN VU NT VU NT 205 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 205 27.8.2014 22:36:28 Family/Taxon SK CZ HU PL RO UA RS Carp. RL DD DD DD CR NT LC NT NT LC VU Gasterosteidae Pungitius platygaster Percidae Gymnocephalus baloni VU Gymnocephalus cernuus NT Gymnocephalus schraetser VU Perca fluviatilis LC LC LC NT LC EN LC LC LC Romanichthys valsanicola LC CR Sander lucioperca LC Sander volgensis VU LC LC LC NT LC CR DD LC LC LC NT Zingel streber VU VU VU CR VU Zingel zingel VU VU NT EN VU Neogobius fluviatilis LC LC Neogobius gymnotrachelus DD LC Neogobius kessleri LC LC Gobiidae Neogobius melanostomus Proterorhinus semilunaris LC IUCN category IUCN criteria HD annexes LC LC LC LC Bern Convention appendices Bonn Convention annexes Family/Taxon Petromyzontidae Eudontomyzon danfordii LC HD2 Eudontomyzon mariae LC HD2 Bern3 Eudontomyzon vladykovi LC HD2 Bern3 Lampetra planeri LC HD2 Bern3 Acipenseridae Acipenser nudiventris CR A2cd HD5 Acipenser ruthenus VU A2cde HD5 Bern3 Bonn2 Bonn2 Acipenser stellatus CR A2cde HD5 Bern3 Bonn2 Acipenser sturio CR A2cde;B2ab(ii,iii,v) HD2.HD4 Bern2 Bonn1,2 Acipenser oxyrinchus NE Huso huso CR A2bcd HD5 Bern2,3 Bonn2 HD5 Anguillidae Anguilla anguilla NE Clupeidae Alosa caspia LC Alosa immaculata VU HD2,5 B2ab(v) HD2,5 Bern3 Cyprinidae Abramis brama LC Alburnoides bipunctatus LC Alburnus alburnus LC Ballerus ballerus LC Ballerus sapa LC Barbus barbus LC Bern3 Bern3 Bern3 HD5 206 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 206 27.8.2014 22:36:28 IUCN category Barbus carpathicus LC Blicca bjoerkna LC Carassius carassius LC Cyprinus carpio wild form VU IUCN criteria HD annexes Bern Convention Bonn Convention appendices annexes HD5 A2ce Cyprinus carpio culture form Gobio carpathicus LC Gobio obtusirostris LC Gobio gobio LC Chondrostoma nasus LC Bern3 Leucaspius delineatus LC Bern3 Leuciscus aspius LC Leuciscus idus LC HD2,5 Bern3 HD2,5 Bern3 Leuciscus leuciscus LC Pelecus cultratus LC Phoxinus phoxinus LC Rhodeus amarus LC HD2 Bern3 Romanogobio albipinnatus LC HD2 Bern3 Romanogobio kesslerii LC HD2 Bern3 Romanogobio uranoscopus LC HD2 Bern3 Rutilus rutilus LC HD2,5 Bern3 HD2 Bern3 Rutilus virgo LC Scardinius erythrophthalmus LC Squalius cephalus LC Telestes souffia LC Tinca tinca LC Vimba vimba LC Bern3 Cobitidae Cobitis elongatoides LC HD2 Bern3 Cobitis elongata LC HD2 Bern3 Cobitis taenia LC HD2 Bern3 Misgurnus fossilis LC HD2 Bern3 Sabanejewia balcanica LC HD2 Bern3 Balitoridae Barbatula barbatula LC Siluridae Silurus glanis LC Bern3 Esocidae Esox lucius LC Umbridae Umbra krameri VU A2c HD2 Bern2 EN B2ab(ii,iii) HD2,5 Bern3 Salmonidae Hucho hucho Salmo trutta LC Salmo salar NE HD2,5 Bern3 Thymallus thymallus LC HD5 Bern3 Lotidae Lota lota LC 207 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 207 27.8.2014 22:36:28 IUCN category IUCN criteria HD annexes Bern Convention Bonn Convention appendices annexes Cottidae Cottus gobio LC Cottus poecilopus LC HD2 Bern3 Gasterosteidae Pungitius platygaster LC Percidae Gymnocephalus baloni LC Gymnocephalus cernuus LC HD2,4 Bern3 HD2,5 Bern3 Gymnocephalus schraetser LC Perca fluviatilis LC Romanichthys valsanicola CR Sander lucioperca LC Sander volgensis LC Zingel streber LC HD2 Bern3 Zingel zingel LC HD5 Bern3 B1ab(ii,iii)+2av(ii,iii) HD2,4 Bern3 Gobiidae Neogobius fluviatilis LC Neogobius gymnotrachelus LC Neogobius kessleri LC Neogobius melanostomus LC Proterorhinus semilunaris LC Bern3 Bern3 Bern3 208 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 208 27.8.2014 22:36:28 DRAFT CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF THREATENED AMPHIBIANS (LISSAMPHIBIA) Compiled by Peter Urban & Ján Kautman Contributors and persons involved in processing and compilation of source data: Rastko Ajtic (Serbia), Miklós Heltai (Hungary), Ján Kautman, Peter Urban (Slovakia), Fedir Kurtiak (Ukraine), Horea Olosutean (Romania), Martin Strnad (Czech Republic), Małgorzata Makomanska-Juchiewicz, Monika Szewczyk (Poland) Summary Results and recommendations The status of amphibians was assessed at two regional levels: in each of the Carpathian countries and in the whole Carpathians. From 18 amphibian taxa that occur in the Carpathian region, only 6 species (33.3%) were considered threatened, classified as “Vulnerable“. Others were classed in categories “Near Threatened” (11) and “Least Concern” (1). Status of amphibian species in the Carpathians is less favourable than at European regional level, where 22.9% were considered threatened. In the Carpathians the amphibians are classed in the category “Vulnerable” only and in the geographical Europe 2.4% are “Critically Endangered”, 7.2% “Endangered” and 13.3% “Vulnerable”. A similar pattern was seen in the EU 27 (22.0% threatened, of which 2.4% CR, 6.1 % EN and 13.4 %VU) (TEMPLE & COX 2009). Additional criteria applied when choosing species categories was inclusion of the species that are Endemic to the Carpathians, listed in the European Union’s Habitat Directive and listed in the Bern Convention. Notes on taxonomy In the Carpathians, there is an occurrence of hybridisation zones of some amphibian taxa, which are situated in the transition zone between the mountains and lowlands. Natural hybridization and introgression is recorded for example between the newt species Triturus vulgaris and Lissotriton montandoni, in the group of Crested newts (Triturus cristatus superspecies) - closely related species complex (Triturus cristatus, T. dobrogicus and T. carnifex) with parapatric distributions and between frog species Bombina bombina and Bombina variegata. Current patterns result from present and historical population –environment interactions that act on each of the hybridizing taxa. Methods Remarks on the choice of species The status of all species was assessed using the IUCN Red List Criteria (IUCN 2001) and all assessments followed the Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels (IUCN 2003), Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2005) and Rules of Procedure IUCN Red List Assessment Process 2013–2016 (IUCN 2012), too. The authors assessed the status of species for the whole of the Carpathians using “categories of threat”, that were available in existing national red lists and red books. As a result, this Carpathian List of Endangered Species comprises species for which the category of threat in the whole region was estimated to be one of the following: Critically Endangered (CR); Endangered (EN) or Vulnerable (VU). Categories Extinct (EX), Regionally Extinct (RE) and Data Deficient (DD) were used, too. Classification based on the number, trend and distribution (geographic ranges or the patterns of habitat occupancy) of the evaluated taxa is very complicated due to problems of spatial scale. National Red List databases of threatened species are in some cases still incomplete and inconsistent, as detailed knowledge about the distribution, abundance and trends of most amphibian species is not very developed. Much national information is not from the Carpathian region only. Fundamental inventory is needed in many Carpathian areas (including protected areas) in order to draw any solid conclusion about the list of species, their distribution, density and threats. Therefore, the choice of species (taxa) was difficult. The IUCN criteria were assigned not only depending on the occurrence and trends of taxa in Carpathian orographic areas (Alpine biogeographical region), but also on 209 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 209 27.8.2014 22:36:28 the situation in adjacent areas, especially in Pannonic biogeographical region. It is especially difficult to assess the species living in lowland areas only or species with most predominant occurrence at lower altitudes. Without considering the occurrence in adjacent areas, the result of the evaluation would have been unrealistic and illogical in many cases, as the data would have been taken out of context of the actual status of the species. This concerns species Bombina bombina, Pelobates fuscus, Rana arvalis, Rana esculenta-complex, Triturus dobrogicus and partially Hyla arborea and Triturus vulgaris. observed sites is decreasing. Overview of the state of endangerment, endemic species in the Carpathians We would like to thank also our colleagues Katalin Mázsa, Jozef Májsky and Peter Mikulíček for their input to the study. See Table 1. The conservation of Carpathian amphibians is regulated by different laws at the international and national levels. At the European level, the Habitats Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EEC) is the most important legal tool for their protection and was transposed into national laws. Main threats Amphibians are excellent indicators of the quality of the overall environment, as they are very sensitive to perturbations in ecosystems (TEMPLE & COX 2009). The main threat for amphibians in the Carpathians (as well as for reptiles) is habitat loss (loss of temporary freshwater habitats, e. g. seasonal ponds and other wetlands), deterioration, fragmentation and large-scale deforestation in general. The second main threat is pollution (in freshwater habitats water pollution, deterioration and other human disturbance and destruction of eggs) and reduced humidity. It is followed by impact of predators and invasive alien species and road mortality. The decrease in abundance (increase of threat) of most of the species is significant. For example, it is estimated, that population of optically most common frog R. temporaria has decreased by more than 50% (even more at places) in the last decades. Destruction of reproduction sites for agricultural, forestry and water management reasons, extensive usage of pesticides and consequential destruction of food offer (aphids, bark-beetles, agricultural pests) for insectivorous species, growing of coniferous monocultures, building of migration barriers without any effort of impact mitigation as well as still unknown impact of the amphibian disease chytridiomycosis caused by a fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis spread in the Carpathians, all this is a complex of negatively limiting factors of the amphibian population in the Carpathians. Generally said, many reproduction sites had vanished. All the amphibian species can be found when monitoring of these species, however, as the abundance of amphibian populations was not assessed in the past, only explicit experience from a long term observation can confirm, that the abundance of most of amphibian species populations at most of the New challenges Proposed Red List of Amphibians gives the actual information on the status of this group in the Carpathian region. It brings inspiration (and need) not only for completing the missing data for some of the listed species, but also for future projects and studies on Lissamphibia and their habitats. Acknowledgements References ANONYMUS (1991). Recommendation No. 27 (1991) on the conservation of some threatened amphibians in Europe. Council of Europe, Strasbourg. BALOGOVÁ, M., UHRIN, M., KAŇUK, J. & KAĽAVSKÝ, J. (2012). Salamandra salamandra in Slovakia, distribution and habitat. Folia Veterinaria 56(4): 3-6. COVACIU–MARCOV, S. D., CICORT-LUCACIU, A. Ş. & DIMANCEA, N. (2009). What do the newly discovered Lissotriton montandoni (Caudata, Salamandridae) populations from Iezer Mountains, Romania, have to say about the species’ southern distribution limit? North-Western Journal of Zoology, 5(2): 429-433. COVACIU – MARCOV, S. D., CICORT-LUCACIU, A. Ş., MITREA, I., SAS, I., CÃUŞ, A. & CUPŞA, D. (2010). Feeding of three syntopic newt species (Triturus cristatus, Mesotriton alpestris and Lissotriton vulgaris) from Western Romania. North-Western Journal of Zoology 6(1): 95-108. DEMETER, L., HARTEL, T. & COGÂLNICEANU, D. (2006). Distribution and conservation status of amphibians in the Ciuc basin, Eastern Carpathians, Romania. Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie, Supplement 10: 217–224. EDGAR, P. & BIRD, D. R. (2006). Action Plan for the Conservation of the Crested Newt Triturus cristatus Species Complex in Europe. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Standing Committee, Strasbourg. GŁOWACIŃSKI, Z. (1993). Czerwona Lista zwierząt ginących i zagrożonych w Polsce [Red List of Extinct and Endangered animal species in Poland]. Zakład Ochrony Przyrody i Zasobów naturalnych PAN, Kraków. GŁOWACIŃSKI, Z. (ed.) (2001). Polska czerwona księga zwierząt. Kręgowce. [Polish Red Data Book of Animals. Vertebrates]. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne, Warszawa. GŁOWACIŃSKI, Z. & RAFIŃSKI, J. (eds.) (2003). Atlas Płazów i Gadów Polski: Status – Rozmieszczenie – Ochrona [Atlas of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Poland: 210 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 210 27.8.2014 22:36:28 Status – Distribution - Conservation]. Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska, Warszawa - Kraków. HARTEL, T., MOGA, C. I., ÖLLERER, K. & PUKY, M. (2009). Spatial and temporal distribution of amphibian road mortality with a Rana dalmatina and Bufo bufo predominance along the middle section of the Târnava Mare basin, Romania. North-Western Journal of Zoology. 5(1): 130-141. HEGYESSY, G. (2006). Adatok Magyarország északkeleti részének gerinces állatairól (Vertebrata) I. Ingolák (Petromyzontiformes), halak (Pisces), kétéltűek (Amphibia), hüllők (Reptilia). A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve (Annales Musei iskolciensis de Herman Ottó nominati) 45: 499-521. IFTIME, A. (2001). Lista Roşie comentată a amfibienilor şi reptilelor din România [Commented Red List of amphibians and reptiles from Romania]. Ocrotirea Naturii 44 – 45: 39-49. IFTIME, A. (2004). Occurrence of Triturus vulgaris-Triturus montandoni hybrids (Amphibia: Salamandridae) in disturbed habitats in the Piatra Craiului massif (Southern Carpathians, Romania). Herpetozoa (Wien) 17(1/2): 91-94. IFTIME, A. & IFTIME, O. (2012). New Records of the Carpathian Endemite, Lissotriton montandoni (Amphibia: Caudata: Salamandridae) at its Southern Distribution Limit. Travaux du Muséum National d‘Histoire Naturelle „Grigore Antipa“ 55(1): 175–179. IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. IUCN (2003). Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2005). Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2012). Rules of Procedure IUCN Red List Assessment Process 2013–2016. Version 2.0. Approved by the IUCN SSC Steering Committee in September 2012. Downloadable from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/Rules_of_Procedure_for_Red_List_20132016.pdf IUCN (2013). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 12 March 2014. KAUTMAN, J., BARTÍK, I. & URBAN, P. (2001). Červený (ekosozologický) zoznam obojživelníkov (Amphibia) Slovenska [Red (Ecosozological) List of Amphibians (Amphibia) of Slovakia]. Pp. 146-147. In: BALÁŽ D., MARHOLD K. & URBAN P. (eds.), Červený zoznam rastlín a živočíchov Slovenska. Ochrana prírody 20 (Suppl). КУРТЯК, Ф. Ф. & МЕЖЖЕРИН, С. В. (2005). Изменчивость, распространение, численность гребенчатого, Triturus cristatus, и дунайского, Triturus dobrogicus, тритонов (Amphibia, Salamandridae) в Закарпатье [Variability, distribution, abundance of the crested newt, Triturus cristatus and Triturus dobrogicus (Amphibia, Salamandridae) in the Zakharpatie region]. Вестник зоологии 39(5): 49–57. МОРОЗОВ-ЛЕОНОВ, С. Ю., МЕЖЖЕРИН, С. В. & КУРТЯК, Ф. Ф. (2003). О гибридизации гребенчатого (Triturus cristatus) и дунайского (Triturus dobrogicus) тритонов в Закарпатье [About hybridization of the crested newt, Triturus cristatus and Triturus dobrogicus in the Zakharpatie region]. Вестник зоологии 37(2): 88–91. MIKULÍČEK, P. & PIÁLEK, J. (2003). Molecular identification of three crested newt species (Triturus cristatus superspecies) by RAPD markers. Amphibia-Reptilia 24: 201–207. MIKULÍČEK, P. & KOTLÍK, P. (2008). Two water frog populations from western Slovakia consisting of diploid females and diploid and triploid males of the hybridogenetic hybrid Rana esculenta (Anura, Ranidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 77(1): 59-64. MIKULÍČEK, P. & ZAVADIL, V. (2008). Molecular and morphological evidence of hybridization between newts Triturus vulgaris and T. montandoni (Caudata: Salamandridae) in Slovakia. Biologia 63(1): 127-131. MIKULÍČEK, P., KAUTMAN, J., ZAVADIL, V. & PIÁLEK, J. (2004). Natural hybridization and limited introgression between the crested newts T. cristatus and T. dobrogicus (Caudata, Salamandridae) in Slovakia. Biologia 59, Suppl. 15: 21–218. PABIJAN, M. (2010). Traszka grzebieniasta Triturus cristatus (Laurenti, 1768). In Makomaska-Juchiewicz (ed.), Monitoring gatunków zwierząt. Przewodnik Metodyczny. Część pierwsza. Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska. ПИСАНЕЦ, Е. М., ЛИТВИНЧУ,К С. Н., КУРТЯК, Ф. Ф. & РАДЧЕНКО, В. И. (2005). Земноводные Красной книги Украины (Справочник-кадастр) [Amphibians Red Book of Ukraine (Reference-inventory)]. Зоомузей ННПМ НАН Украины, Киев. RAFIŃSKI, J. (2001). Triturus cristatus. Pp.: 285-286. In: GŁOWACIŃSKI Z. (ed.), Polska czerwona księga zwierząt. Kręgowce [Polish Red Data Book of Animals. Vertebrates]. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne, Warszawa. RAFIŃSK,I J., COGÂLNICEANU, D. & BABIK, W. (2001). Genetic differentiation of the two subspecies of the smooth newt inhabiting Romania, Triturus vulgaris vulgaris 211 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 211 27.8.2014 22:36:28 N II II, IV Y A2,4 acde VU LC II A2, acd A2, acd VU VU LC NT N II, IV II IV IV N N A2, acde A1,2 abcd VU VU LC II VU LC CR VU Triturus montandoni (Boulenger, 1880) [Lissotriton montandoni] VU VU NT LC LC CR Triturus cristatus (Laurenti, 1768) CR VU Triturus alpestris (Laurenti, 1768) [Mesotriton alpestris] NT LC LC CR Rana lessonae Camerano, 1882 [Pelophylax lessonae] EN EN EN Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 LC VU Pelobates fuscus (Laurenti, 1768) CR HU CZ SK Taxon ZIELIŃSKI, P. (2004). Triturus cristatus. In: ADAMSKI, P., BARTEL, L., BERESZYŃSKI, A., KEPEL, A. & WITKOWSKI, Z. (eds.) Gatunki zwierząt (z wyjątkiem ptaków). Poradniki ochrony siedlisk i gatunków Natura 2000 – podręcznik metodyczny [Species of animals (except birds). Tutorials protection of Natura 2000 habitats and species - Methodological manual]. Ministerstwo Środowiska, Warszawa, T. 6, p. 289-293. Table 1: Overview of the status of amphibians of the Carpathians ZAVADIL, V. & MORAVEC, J. (2003). Červený seznam obojživelníků a plazů České republiky [Red list of amphibians and reptiles of the Czech Republic]. Příroda, Praha, 22: 83-93. PL VLAŠÍN, M. (2003). Reptiles and Amphibians. Pp.: 4850. In: J. WITKOWSKI Z. J., KRÓL W. & SOLARZ W. (eds.), Carpathian List of Endangered Species. WWF and Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Vienna-Krakow. VÖRÖS, J. & MAJOR, Á. (2007). Kétéltűpopulációk földrajzi szerkezete a Kárpát-medencében [Geographical structure of amphibian populations in the Carpathian Basin]. Pp.: 269-282. In: Forró L. (ed.), A Kárpát-medence állatvilágának kialakulása. Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum, Budapest. A4 acde, B2 b (i-v) RO RS PUKY, M., SCHÁD, P. & SZÖVÉNYI, G. (2005). Magyarország herpetológiai atlasza [Herpetological atlas of Hungary]. Varangy Akciócsoport Egyesület, Budapest. NT UA PLESNÍK, J., HANZAL, V. & BREJŠKOVÁ, L. (eds.) (2003). Červený seznam ohrožených druhů České republiky. Obratlovci [Red List of Threatened Species in the Czech Republic Vertebrates]. Příroda, Praha 22: 1-184. VU TEMPLE, H. J. & COX, N. A. (2009). European Red List of Amphibians. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. NT Proposed IUCN RL category STARZYK, N. & DURAK, R. (2007). New localities of the Dalmatian frog Rana dalmatina Bonaparte in south-eastern Poland. Przegląd Zoologiczny 51: 51–55. (Carpathians) Red List Status - criteria SHCHERBAK, M. M. (ed.) (1994). Червона книга України. Тваринний свiт. [Red Data Book of Ukraine. Animal Kingdom]. Видавицтво “Укрaїнськa eнциклопедія”, Kиїв. N Endemic to Carpathians SCHÁD, P., PUKY, M. & KISS, I. (1999). A Naplás-tó Természetvédelmi Területen élő kétéltűek vonulási sajátosságai. Természetvédelmi Közlemények 8: 161-172. IV HD Annexes RAKONCZAY, Z. (ed.) (1989). Vörös Könyv. A Magyarországon kipusztult és veszélyeztetett növény-és állatfajok [Red Book. The extinct and endangered animal and plant species of Hungary]. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest. Appendix Bern Convention and T. v. ampelensis (Urodela, Salamndridae) as Revealed by Enzime Electrophorezis. Folia Biologica, Kraków 49(3-4): 239-245. 212 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 212 27.8.2014 22:36:28 213 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 213 27.8.2014 22:36:28 CR Triturus cristatus (Laurenti, 1768) NT VU Triturus alpestris (Laurenti, 1768) [Mesotriton alpestris] Triturus vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) [Lissotriton vulgaris] LC Salamandra salamandra (Linnaeus, 1758) VU NT Rana temporaria Linnaeus, 1758 VU VU Rana ridibunda Pallas, 1771 [Pelophylax ridibundus] Triturus montandoni (Boulenger, 1880) [Lissotriton montandoni] EN Rana lessonae Camerano, 1882 [Pelophylax lessonae] Triturus dobrogicus (Kiritzescu, 1903) LC NT Rana esculenta Linnaeus, 1758 [Pelophylax esculentus] Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 Rana dalmatina Fitzinger, 1838 VU EN Pelobates fuscus (Laurenti, 1768) NT NT Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) NT NT Bombina variegata (Linnaeus, 1758) Hyla arborea (Linnaeus, 1758) VU Bombina bombina (Linnaeus, 1758) Bufo viridis Laurenti, 1768 [Pseudepidalea viridis] SK Taxon LC CR CR NT LC LC NT CR LC LC EN CR NT NT LC VU EN CZ LC NT LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC LC HU LC NT NT PL VU VU VU VU VU VU VU VU NT NT NT RO RS LC LC NT LC NT LC LC LC LC NT NT NT LC LC LC LC LC UA NT VU NT VU VU NT NT NT VU LC NT VU VU NT NT NT NT NT (Carpathians) IUCN RL category N Y Y N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N Endemic to Carpathians II, IV II II, IV V V IV V IV IV IV IV IV II, IV II, IV HD Annexes II II II II II II II II II II Appendix Bern Convention DRAFT CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF THREATENED REPTILES (REPTILIA) Compiled by Peter Urban & Ján Kautman Contributors and persons involved in processing and compilation of source data: Rastko Ajtic (Serbia), Miklós Heltai (Hungary), Ján Kautman, Peter Urban (Slovakia), Fedir Kurtiak (Ukraine), Horea Olosutean (Romania), Martin Strnad (Czech Republic), Małgorzata Makomanska-Juchiewicz, Monika Szewczyk (Poland) Summary – Results and recommendations The status of Reptiles was assessed at two regional levels: - each Carpathian country, and the whole Carpathians. From 16 Reptile species that occur in the Carpathian region, 7 (43.8%) were considered threatened, of which 1 species (6.3%) (Vipera ursinii) as “Critically Endangered”, 3 (18.8%) (Emys orbicularis, Testudo hermanni and Vipera ammodytes) as “Endangered” and 3 (18.8%) (Ablepharus kitaibelii, Coronella austriaca and Zamenis longissimus) as “Vulnerable“ (Table 1). A further four reptile species were classed as “Near Threatened“ and five species as “Least Concern“. Status of reptile species in Carpathians is less favourable than at the European regional level, where 19.4% of Reptiles are threatened, with 4.3% “Critically Endangered“, 7.9% “Endangered“, and 7.1% “Vulnerable“ species. Within the EU27 the pattern is similar in the geographical Europe: 21.1% of Reptiles are threatened, with a similar break down between the three threatened categories (COX & TEMPLE 2009). Methods The status of all species was assessed using the IUCN Red List Criteria (IUCN 2001) and all assessments followed the Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels (IUCN 2003) and Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2005) and Rules of Procedure IUCN Red List Assessment Process 2013–2016 (IUCN 2012), too. The authors assessed the status of species for the whole of the Carpathians using “categories of threats” in some countries available from existing country Red Lists and Red Books. As a result, this Carpathian List of Endangered Species comprises species for which the category of threat in the whole region was estimated to be one of the following: Extinct (EX); Regionally Extinct (RE); Critically Endangered (CR); Endangered (EN); or Vulnerable (VU). Additional criteria were applied when choosing species categories included whether the species was: Endemic to the Carpathians; Listed in the European Union’s Habitat Directive and Listed in the Bern Convention Appendices. The IUCN criteria were assigned, using not only the occurrence and trends of taxa in Carpathian orographic units (Alpine biogeographic region), but also considering the situation in adjacent areas and especially in Pannonian (biogeographic) region. Especially species living only in lowland areasor species with most predominant occurrence at lower altitudes aredifficult to assess in the evaluation of the Carpathians only. Without considering the occurrence in adjacent areas theevaluation would be in many cases unrealistic, illogical if taking out the context of the actual status of the species. Remarks on the choice of species Classification based on the sizes of numbers, trends and distribution (geographic ranges or the patterns of habitat occupancy) of evaluated taxa is very complicated by problems of spatial scale. Databases on the red lists of threatened species are on national level in some cases still incomplete and inconsistent, because detailed knowledge about the distribution, abundance and their trends of most reptile species is not very good. Much information available is not from the Carpathian area of the country only. Many Carpathian areas (including protected areas) need a fundamental inventory in order to draw any solid conclusions about the list of species, their distribution, density and threats. Therefore, the choice of species (taxa) was quite difficult. The consideration of the adjacent areas to the Carpathians (mostly lowland regions) was particularly a case for the species Emys orbicularis and Ablepharus kitaibelii. Their occurrence is restricted to the Pannonian region. Assessment and classification of taxa into categories reflects the assessment of their real status, comparisons of mutual status of more taxa and their perspective in the near future. Overview of the state of endangerment, endemic species in the Carpathians See Table 1. 214 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 214 27.8.2014 22:36:28 The conservation of Carpathian Reptiles is regulated by different laws at international, national and sub-national levels. At the European level, the Habitat Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EEC) transposed into national law, is the most important legal tool for their protection. The outputs from this project can be applied at Carpathian scale to identify priority species for protection and for some regional research and monitoring programmes. Main threats The main threats for Reptiles are (like for Amphibians) habitat loss, deterioration, fragmentation and large-scale deforestation in general, pollution, harvesting, deliberate persecution and other human disturbance (destruction of eggs, e. g. Emys orbicularis) and road mortality. The most serious negative factors influencing the occurrence of reptiles is use of chemicals (especially insecticides), anthropic pressure leading to the decrease of food base, succession of xerotherm habitats by (many times) invasive plant and tree species (e.g. acacia tree) and a low level of mosaic patterns in the landscape. For this reason there was a decrease in the population of the most common reptile Lacerta agilis in the past years. Its abundance decreased at many sites significantly, somewhere even behind the point of observation. Acknowledgements We would like to thank for their input also to our colleagues Katalin Mázsa, Jozef Májsky and Peter Mikulíček. References COX, N. A. & TEMPLE, H. J. (2009). European Red List of Reptiles. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. GŁOWACIŃSKI, Z. (1993). Czerwona Lista zwierząt ginących i zagrożonych w Polsce [Red List of extinnct and endangered animal species]. Zakład Ochrony Przyrody i Zasobów naturalnych PAN, Kraków. GŁOWACIŃSKI, Z. (ed.) (2001). Polska czerwona księga zwierząt. Kręgowce. [Polish Red Data Book of Animals. Vertebrates]. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Leśne,Warszawa. IFTIME, A. (2001). Lista Roşie comentată a amfibienilor şi reptilelor din România [Commented Red List of amphibians and reptiles from Romania]. Ocrotirea Naturii 44 – 45: 39-49. IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2003).Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission.IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2005).Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN (2012). Rules of Procedure IUCN Red List Assessment Process 2013–2016. Version 2.0.Approved by the IUCN SSC Steering Committee in September 2012. Download able from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/ Rules_of_Procedure_for_Red_List_2013-2016.pdf IUCN (2013). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2.<www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 12 March 2014. KAUTMAN, J., BARTÍK, I. & URBAN, P. (2001). Červený (ekosozologický) zoznam plazov (Reptilia) Slovenska [Red (Ecosozological) List of Reptiles (Reptilia) of Slovakia]. Pp. 148-149. In: BALÁŽ, D., MARHOLD, K. & URBAN, P. (eds), Červený zoznam rastlín a živočíchov Slovenska. Ochranaprírody 20 (Suppl), 160 pp. MIKÁTOVÁ, B., VLAŠÍN, M. & ZAVADIL, V. (eds) (2001). Atlas rozšířeníplazů v Českérepublice [Atlas of the distribution of Reptiles in the Czech Republic]. AOPK ČR Brno – Praha. MUSILOVÁ, R., ZAVADIL, V. & KOTLÍK, P. (2006). Follow–up of Recommendation No. 106 (2003) on the conservation of the Aesculapian snake (Elaphe longissima). Document prepared by: The Government of the Czech Republic. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats Standing Committee. 26th meeting Strasbourg, 27-30 November 2006. Available at: https://wcd.coe.int/com.instranet. InstraServlet?command=com.instranet.CmdBlobGet&InstranetImage=1326490&SecMode=1&DocId=1436596&Usage=2 MUSILOVÁ, R., ZAVADIL, V., MARKOVÁ, S. & KOTLÍK, P. (2010). Relics of the Europe´s warm past: Phylogeography of the Aesculapian snake. Molecular Phylogenitic and Evolution: 57(3): 1245-1252. RAKONCZAY, Z. (ed.) (1989). Vörös Könyv. A Magyarországon kipusztult és veszélyeztetett növény-és állatfajok [Red Book. The extinct and endangered animal and plant species of Hungary]. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest. SHCHERBAK, M. M. (ed.)(1994). Червона книга України. Твариннийсвiт. [Red Data Book of Ukraine. Animal Kingdom].Видавицтво “Укрaїнськa eнциклопедія”, Kиїв. ZAVADIL, V. & MORAVEC, J. (2003). Červený seznam obojživelníků a plazů České republiky [Red list of amphibians and reptiles of the Czech Republic]. Příroda, Praha 22: 83-93. VLAŠÍN, M. (2003). Reptiles and Amphibians. Pp.: 48-50. In: Witkowski, Z. J., Król, W. & Solarz, W. (eds), Carpathian List of Endangered Species. WWF and Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Vienna-Krakow, 84 pp. 215 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 215 27.8.2014 22:36:28 216 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 216 27.8.2014 22:36:28 LC CZ EN VU VU VU LC RE VU NT LC NT LC LC Zootoca vivipara (Jacquin, 1787) LC CR EN LC LC VU NT CR Vipera ursinii (Bonaparte, 1835) NT Podarcis muralis (Laurenti, 1768) LC LC Vipera berus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) LC CR VU EN VU Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) LC NT EN LC Lacerta viridis (Laurenti, 1768) NT VU VU VU RO NT NT NT UA Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) NT Lacerta agilis Linnaeus, 1758 EN LC PL RS Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789 CR NT Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC CR NT VU VU Elaphe longissima (Laurenti, 1768) [Zamenis longissimus] LC Coronella austriaca Laurenti, 1768 LC Anguis fragilis Linnaeus, 1758 LC LC VU Ablepharus kitaibelii Bibron & Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1833 HU Coluber caspius Gmelin, 1789 SK Taxon CR VU NT LC LC EN CR Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) CR VU RO Vipera ursinii (Bonaparte, 1835) NT Elaphe longissima (Laurenti, 1768) [Zamenis longissimus] PL Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) VU Coronella austriaca Laurenti, 1768 LC HU EN VU Ablepharus kitaibelii Bibron & Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1833 CZ Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789 SK Taxon Table 1: Overview of the status of reptiles of the Carpathians RS LC NT LC LC VU LC NT NT NT LC UA CR EN EN EN VU VU VU (Carpathians) Proposed IUCN RL category LC CR NT EN EN NT NT LC NT LC EN VU VU LC LC VU (Carpathians) IUCN RL category B2 ab (i-v) A2,4 acde A2,4 acde N N N N N N N Endemic to Carpathians Endemic to Carpathians A2,4 acde, B2 ab (i-v) A2,4 acde, C1,2ab A2,4 ace, C1,2a A2,4 ace, C1,2a Red List Status - criteria IV II, IV IV II, IV IV IV IV IV II, IV IV II, IV IV IV HD Annexes II, IV II, IV II, IV IV II, IV IV HD Annexes II II II II II II II II II II II II III II Appendices Bern Convention II II II II II II II Appendices Bern Convention DRAFT CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF BIRDS (AVES) Peter Puchala, Miroslav Demko, Anton Krištín & Goran Sekulic Introduction (Background) Birds belong to a very popular animal group and have enjoyed a great attention for a long time. Due to this fact there is a lot of data on distribution and abundance of most of bird species, mainly in Central Europe. Longterm monitoring of bird populations enables to estimate their trends on different levels. Red list of threatened bird species is frequently updated and every fourth year re-evaluated. The scientific authority for this process on global level represents BirdLife International. The recent IUCN Red list of birds comprises more than 10 000 species (BirdLife International 2013). Almost 200 species worldwide are recently considered as being critically endangered. This number has reached in all-time the highest value. Almost 400 species are considered as endangered and 713 species are listed in a category vulnerable. The last IUCN Red List on European level contains 773 bird species. From this number two of them are considered as extinct, four species critically endangered, 11 species endangered and 21 species vulnerable. The last comprehensive Red List of European bird species including the population estimates and trends was published by BirdLife International in 2004. There were already several evaluations of status of threatened bird species at a Carpathian level. The last Red List was published in 2003, where 29 bird species in total were selected Witkowski et al. 2003). Out of them seven species were considered as critically endangered, 11 species endangered and 11 species vulnerable. However that list was based on older categories and criteria (IUCN 1995). Method of assessment This Red List of endangered bird species of Carpathians is based on data provided by 7 particular Carpathian countries. The evaluation on national level was done by each country itself and data were filled in specially developed database. Basic data contained conservation status, category, criteria used in evaluation, distribution range within individual countries according to orographic units, population data (when accessible) and in some cases information about trends. The assessments were based on national Red Lists from individual countries. The last Red List of birds of the Czech Republic was published in 2003 (ŠŤASTNÝ & BEJČEK 2003). Polish Red Data Book was published in 2001 (GLOWACIŃSKI 2001). The checklist of endangered bird species of Slovakia based on older IUCN categories and criteria (IUCN 1995) was published in 2001 (KRIŠTÍN et al. 2001). However, actual IUCN categories and criteria (IUCN 2012) were used in recent Red List of birds in Slovakia (DEMKO et al. 2013), parallel with preparation of the Carpathian Red List. Assessment methodology The final assessment of bird species was based on assessed categories provided by individual countries (Table 1). All species included into database were considered during assessment process. However, the common approach was to assess properly each bird species that belongs to one of the categories VU, EN, CR, RE or EX in at least one country. The final assessment was done based on data from all countries, including conservation status, IUCN criteria used (IUCN 2013), population data, trend data. One of the important variables for the assessment was the size of the breeding population. Quite a good data on population and a number of breeding pairs were available for some of the bird species, especially for the birds of prey. However, it was quite difficult to obtain data on trends. Data on European level from Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme PECBMS (EBCC 2013) were used for the final assessment. Other important sources of population trends were the individual countries’ reports for European Commission according to Article 12 of Bird Directive (EEA 2014). One of the difficulties of the assessment was an evaluation of species whose occurrence was in the Carpathians only marginal, e.g. species whose major part of range is located in territories adjacent to Carpathians. Those species occur and occasionally breed in Carpathian region but have quite strong populations in adjacent regions. In such a case the species were included in the category not applicable (NA). Several waterfowl species that have frequently only a small breeding population in the Carpathians were also assessed this way. Species with the category NA were not included into this Red List. 217 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 217 27.8.2014 22:36:28 Results (Executive summary) Altogether 28 bird species were selected for this Red List of Carpathian species. Five species were evaluated in category Critically Endangered, 14 species in category Endangered and 8 species in category Vulnerable. One bird species was considered as regionally extinct for the Carpathians (Table 2). Some of the species included into the Carpathian Red List are also globally threatened. Two of them Falco cherrug and Aquilla heliaca were evaluated at global level in higher categories (BirdLife International 2013). For further development of the Red List of Carpathian bird species, a detailed data collection and establishment of long-term monitoring schemes is very important. It is very important to develop common schemes within all Carpathian countries. That would enable better re-e- valuation of conservation status of endangered species. Regular assessments on national level are very important as well. Main threats One of the most important threats to the birds in the Carpathian region is habitat alteration, fragmentation and destruction. This threat is critical for several species listed in the Red List. Birds of prey and cavity breeding birds needing old forests are affected the most; however, birds of steppe habitats and species related to agricultural land are affected as well. Most of the red list bird species belong to the group of birds of prey, which are negatively affected by decreasing coverage of old growth forest, important for their breeding. This factor, together with interruptions during bre- Table 1: List of the bird species with the status of threat in the Carpathians and within individual countries species Carpathians CZ SK PL UA HU RO RS global Milvus milvus CR (A1c) CR EN EN NT NT Milvus migrans EN (D, C2a) CR EN VU NT LC Circaetus gallicus EN (D) LC Aquila heliaca EN (D) VU Aquila chrysaetos Aquila pennata Circus pygargus VU (D) LC NT EN (D, A2) NE CR VU CR LC VU NT LC EN LC CR NT LC EN (D) EN VU LC CR (D, A1c) CR CR EN Tyto alba EN (D, A2) EN VU Charadrius morinellus CR (D, C2ai) Falco cherrug VU LC CR Tringa totanus VU (A2) Alectoris graeca EN (D) Perdix perdix VU (A2) NT VU Tetrao urogallus EN (A) CR EN EN NT Tetrao tetrix EN (A2) EN EN EN CR Coracias garrulus EN (A2) RE CR VU LC LC LC VU Eremophila alpestris CR (D) Lullula arborea VU (A2) EN NT Anthus campestris VU (A2) CR VU Motacilla citreola EN (D) CR NT LC LC LC EN NT EN Luscinia svecica svecica EN (D) EN EN CR Monticola saxatilis EN (A2) RE CR RE Phoenicurus phoenicurus VU (A2) LC VU Phylloscopus trochiloides EN (D) VU EN Tichodroma muraria VU (A2) NE CR Lanius senator CR (A2) RE RE Lanius minor VU (A2) RE EN RE NE Pyrrhocorax graculus EN LC RE CR LC CR LC VU CR VU LC EN VU LC LC LC LC LC LC CR NT LC LC EN NT LC LC LC LC CR LC VU VU LC RE LC LC LC LC RE LC 218 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 218 27.8.2014 22:36:28 eding, is crucial for their population decrease. Changes in habitats affected strongly also forest gallinacean birds Tetrao urogallus and Tetrao tetrix. Their populations have decreased rapidly in all Carpathian countries. Habitat changes connected to changes in agricultural techniques and abandonment of traditional agricultural practices are also one of the important factors. They caused rapid decline of some species populations, e.g. as Perdix perdix, Circus pygargus. One of the very important threats, especially for birds of prey, is a bird crime. Every year there are several cases of illegal shooting or intoxication by illegal poisons in certain countries (Slovakia, Hungary, Czech Republic). Quite important causes of population decline of those species are collisions with high voltage electric lines. 2013 Update. [Cit. 18.09.2013] Available at http:// www.ebcc.info/index.php?ID=509 Conservation practices and management KRIŠTÍN, A., KOCIAN, Ľ. & RÁC, P. (2001). Červený (ekosozologický) zoznam vtákov (Aves) Slovenska. Červený zoznam rastlín a živočíchov Slovenska. – Ochrana prírody Suplement 20: 150−153. The Red List of Carpathian bird species is a very important source of information on the current status of populations of endangered and threatened species. The list could be an essential guide to conservation efforts focused on individual species. IUCN categories as themselves could be a key to guiding priorities for conservation measures. The presented list could be very useful guide for common action within all Carpathian countries for selected bird species in higher categories. The main threats seem to be very similar within all countries. That is a reason for developing of common species conservation focused strategies on Carpathian level. Such an approach is extremely important. It is necessary to repeat the assessment of conservation status within Carpathian region regularly. Regular assessment would provide valuable warning about population dynamics and environmental changes. It would also help to monitor conservation actions and their results. EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY (2014). Deliveries for progress/implementation report (Article 12, Birds Directive). [Cit. 29.01.2014] Available at http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/278/deliveries GLOWACIŃSKI, Z. (red) (2001). Polska czerwona ksiega zwierzat - kregowce. Polish Red Data Book of Animals - Vertebrates. — PWRiL, Warszawa. IUCN (1995). IUCN Red List categories. Prepared by IUCN Species Survival Commission. 21 pp. IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32pp. ŠŤASTNÝ, K. & BEJČEK, V. (2003). Červený seznam ptáků České republiky. – Příroda 22: 95−129. WITKOWSKI, Z.J., KRÓL, W. & SOLARZ, W. (eds.) (2003). Carpathian List of Endangered Species. WWF and Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Vienna-Krakow. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all who provided data to database and participated in process of assessment. Namely we would like to thank Martin Strnad from the Czech Republic, Tomasz Wilk and Rafał Bobrek from Poland, Bohdan Hodovanets from Ukraine, Miklós Heltai from Hungary and Horea Olosutean from Romania. References BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2004). Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status – Cambridge, UK. BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2013). IUCN Red List for birds. [Cit. 10.03.2014] Available at http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species DEMKO, M., KRIŠTÍN, A. & PUCHALA, P. (2013). Red list of birds in Slovakia. Tichodroma 25: 69-78. EBCC (2013). Trends of common birds in Europe, 219 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 219 27.8.2014 22:36:28 Table 2: List of threatened bird species in the Carpathians with IUCN criteria used and their listing in different annexes. species IUCN category IUCN criteria BD annexes Bern Convention appendices Bonn Convention annexes CR A1c BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 Milvus migrans EN D, C2a BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 Circaetus gallicus EN D BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 Aquila heliaca EN D BD1 Bern2 Bonn1,2 Aquila chrysaetos VU D BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 Aquilla pennata EN D, A2 BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 Circus pygargus EN D BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 CR D, A1c BD1 Bern2 Bonn1 EN D, A2 CR D, C2ai VU A2 EN D Perdix perdix VU A2 BD2/1 BD3/1 Bern3 Tetrao urogallus EN A2 BD1 BD2/2 BD3/2 Bern3 Tetrao tetrix EN A2 BD1 BD2/2 Bern3 EN A2 BD1 Bern2 Accipitridae Milvus milvus Falconidae Falco cherrug Tytonidae Tyto alba Bern2 Charadriidae Charadrius morinellus BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 Bern3 Bonn2 Scolopacidae Tringa totanus Phasianidae Alectoris graeca Coraciidae Coracias garrulus Bonn2 Alaudidae Eremophila alpestris CR D Bern2 Lullula arborea VU A2 Bern3 Anthus campestris VU A2 Motacilla citreola EN D Motacillidae BD1 Bern2 Bern2 Muscicapidae Luscinia svecica svecica EN D Bern2 Bonn2 Monticola saxatilis EN A2 BD1 Bern2 Bonn2 Phoenicurus phoenicurus VU A2 Bern2 Bonn2 EN D Bern2 Bonn2 VU A2 Bern2 Phylloscopidae Phylloscopus trochiloides Tichodromidae Tichodroma muraria Laniidae Lanius senator CR D Lanius minor VU A2 Bern2 BD1 Bern2 Corvidae Pyrrhocorax graculus RE Bern2 220 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 220 27.8.2014 22:36:28 DRAFT CARPATHIAN RED LIST OF THREATENED MAMMALS (MAMMALIA) Compiled by Peter Urban & Marcel Uhrin Contributors and persons involved in processing and compilation of source data: Michal Ambros, Marcel Uhrin, Peter Urban, David Žiak (Slovakia), Angela Banaduc (Romania), Vladan Bjedov (Serbia), Miklós Heltai (Hungary), Vasyl Pokynchereda (Ukraine), Martin Strnad (Czech Republic), Małgorzata Makomanska-Juchiewicz, Monika Szewczyk (Poland) Summary – Results and Recommendations The status of mammals was assessed at two regional levels (1) in each Carpathian state and (2) in the whole Carpathians. From 109 mammal taxa that occur in the Carpathian region, 23 (25.1%) were considered threatened, of which 2 species (2.2%) (Alces alces and Mustela lutreola) are Critically Endangered, 3 (3.3%) Endangered and 17 (18.5%) Vulnerable (Table 1). One species, aurochs (Bos primigenius) was Extinct. The last wild individual is reputed to have died in 1627. The aurochs is the ancestor of domestic cattle (VUURE 2005). Even 14 taxa were classed as Data Deficient. Status of mammal species in the Carpathians is less favourable than at European regional level, where 14.2% of terrestrial mammals are threatened, with 1.5% Critically Endangered, 3.4% Endangered, and 9.3% Vulnerable. Further 3.4% were classified as Data Deficient. Within the EU 25, the pattern is similar, with 14.4% of terrestrial mammals Threatened, although a higher proportion of species is Critically Endangered (2.4%) (TEMPLE & TERRY 2007). Methods The status of all species was assessed using the IUCN Red List Criteria (IUCN 2001) and all assessments followed the Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels (IUCN 2003) and Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2005) and Rules of Procedure for IUCN Red List Assessment Process 2013–2016 (IUCN 2012), too. The authors assessed the status of species for the whole Carpathians using “categories of threats” in some countries available from existing country and / or regional red-lists and red-books (e.g. RAKONCZAY 1989, SHCHERBAK 1994, VOLOŠČUK 1996, BÁLDI ET AL. 2001, GŁOWACIŃSKI 2001, 2002, ŽIAK & URBAN 2001, OKARMA & PERZANOWSKI 2003, PAUNOVIĆ et al. 2004). As a result, the Carpathian Red List of threatened Species comprises species classified under the Red List Categories Vulnerable (VU), Endangered (EN) or Criti- cally Endangered (CR), or Extinct (EX) and Regionally Extinct (RE). Additional criteria applied when choosing species categories included whether the species was: Endemic to the Carpathians; Listed in the European Union’s Habitat Directive and Listed in the Bern Convention appendices. The IUCN criteria were assigned depending not only on the occurrence and trends of taxa in Carpathian orographic areas (Alpine biogeographic region), but also on the situation in adjacent areas and especially in Pannonic area (biogeographical region). It is especially difficult to assess the species living in lowland areas only or species with most predominant occurrence at lower altitudes. Notes on taxonomy Myotis blythii oxygnathus is considered as Myotis blythii. Remarks on the choice of species Classification based on the numbers, trend and distribution size (geographic ranges or the patterns of habitat occupancy) of taxa evaluated is very complicated due to the problems of spatial scale. The red list databases of threatened species on national level are in some cases still incomplete and inconsistent. Overview of the state of endangerment, endemic species in the Carpathians See Table 1, 2. The conservation of Carpathian mammals is regulated by different laws at international and national level. At the European level, the Habitats Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EEC) is the most important legal tool for their protection and was transposed into national law. Main threats The main threat to mammals is habitat loss, deterioration, habitat fragmentation and deforestation, and forest destruction in general. The second group of threats in- 221 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 221 27.8.2014 22:36:28 cludes intensive hunting and illegal killing, poaching, poisoning and irrational pest control. Bats are affected by disturbance of colonies in the roosts, unauthorised visiting and disturbing colonies in lofts and subterranean spaces, natural succession in roosts after mining. 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Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow. 223 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 223 27.8.2014 22:36:28 224 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 224 27.8.2014 22:36:28 NE Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) VU CR NT LC LC NE LC DD Crocidura leucodon (Hermann, 1780) Crocidura suaveolens (Pallas, 1811) Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) Dryomys nitedula (Pallas, 1778) Eliomys quercinus (Linnaeus, 1766) Eptesicus nilssonii (Keyserling & Blasius, 1839) NT NT VU Cricetus cricetus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC LC LC LC NT LC LC LC LC LC LC Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780) LC NT EX VU DD PL Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838 LC VU LC CR NE NE NT * Canis lupus (Linnaeus, 1758) Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 NE Canis aureus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC EX Bos primigenius Bojanus, 1827 NT LC EN * Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC NT Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber, 1774) HU Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758 DD Arvicola scherman (Shaw, 1801) NE LC LC LC CR CZ Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820 LC Apodemus sylvaticus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834) Arvicola amphibius (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Apodemus agrarius (Pallas, 1771) Apodemus uralensis (Pallas, 1811) CR NE Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758) SK Taxon Table 1: Overview of the status of mammals of the Carpathians EN VU VU ● VU RE VU RO NA NE NE NT NT LC VU ● NE VU NT DD NT LC LC NT RS EN DD VU LC CR VU UA NT DD LC NE LC LC DD LC LC NE LC NE NE VU NE EX EN NT DD LC LC LC LC LC Endemic to Carpathians II, IV*, V** V II, IV II, IV HD Annexes II III II III Appendices Bern Convention III II IV IV II III III III III * except the Hungarian populations, ** Hungarian populations IV*, V** III III * except the Polish populations, ** Polish populations II, IV*, V** III * except the Polish and Slovak populations, ** Polish and Slovak populations A2 cd D1 D1 criteria (Carpathians) CR Red List Status IUCN RL category 225 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 225 27.8.2014 22:36:28 VU * Marmota marmota latirostris LC Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1778) Microtus subterraneus RE Mustela erminea Linnaeus, 1758 * Mustela lutreola (Linnaeus, 1761) LC Muscardinus avellanarius (Linnaeus, 1758) DD LC Mus spicilegus Petenyi, 1882 DD LC Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 Mustela eversmanii Lesson, 1827 LC Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) Mustela eversmanii eversmanii Lesson, 1827 LC EN Microtus tatricus (Kratochvil, 1952) (de Selys-Longchamps, 1836) LC LC Microtus agrestis (Linnaeus, 1761) LC LC Micromys minutus (Pallas, 1771) LC Martes martes (Linnaeus, 1758) Meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Martes foina (Erxleben, 1777) (Linnaeus, 1758) VU EN LC Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778 Lynx lynx (Linnaeus, 1758) LC Chionomys nivalis (Martins, 1842) Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) LC DD Hypsugo savii (Bonaparte, 1837) DD Felis silvestris Schreber, 1775 Glis glis (Linnaeus, 1766) LC DD Erinaceus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758 DD LC LC LC LC LC LC DD LC LC CR VU NT LC DD LC LC LC Eptesicus serotinus (Schreber, 1774) CZ Erinaceus roumanicus Barrett-Hamilton, 1900 LC SK Taxon LC NT LC NT LC LC LC VU NT LC LC NT LC HU NA LC VU NT LC NT EN PL NT NT DD VU VU NT VU VU RO NT NT NT NE NT LC LC NE NT NT VU VU NE NT NT NE NT NT RS CR NT RE NT NT VU NT LC NT UA CR DD DD LC LC LC LC NT NT LC LC LC LC LC LC LC VU EN VU LC LC LC NT DD LC LC A1 abcde, B 1, D 1 A3c, B2a A2 acd A1 abcd criteria (Carpathians) LC Red List Status IUCN RL category Y Endemic to Carpathians II, IV IV II, IV II, IV V II, IV II, IV, V II, IV IV IV IV HD Annexes II II III III II II III III III III III II III II III II III II Appendices Bern Convention 226 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 226 27.8.2014 22:36:28 LC Myotis emarginatus (E. Geoffroy, 1806) Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) DD Pipistrellus nathusii LC LC Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) Pipistrellus pygmaeus (Leach, 1825) (Keyserling & Blasius, 1839) NA DD Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 NE DD Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766) LC Nyctalus leisleri (Kuhl, 1817) NA NT Nyctalus lasiopterus (Schreber, 1780) Nyctereutes procyonoides (Gray, 1834) DD Neomys fodiens (Pennant, 1771) Nyctalus noctula (Schreber, 1774) LC VU Neomys anomalus Cabrera, 1907 LC NT Myotis daubentonii (Kuhl, 1817) NT LC Myotis dasycneme (Boie, 1825) Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) NT Myotis capaccinii (Bonaparte, 1837) Myotis mystacinus (Kuhl, 1817) NT NA Myotis brandtii (Eversmann, 1845) NT NT Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) Myotis alcathoe Helversen & Heller, 2001 Myotis bechsteinii (Kuhl, 1817) NA DD Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) DD DD Mustela vison Schreber, 1777 LC Mustela nivalis Linnaeus, 1766 Mustela putorius Linnaeus, 1758 SK Taxon LC LC DD NE LC LC LC DD CR LC LC LC LC LC LC LC CR NA LC CR DD DD LC DD LC CZ LC LC LC LC NT LC LC LC LC NT LC LC LC LC LC NT LC NT NA LC LC NT DD LC LC HU DD LC NT NT NA NT PL VU VU EN NT NT VU VU VU VU EN VU EN NT VU RO NT NE NE LC DD NT NE NA NT NT NE NT NT NE LC DD NT NE NT NE NA DD NT NT RS NT NT NT NT VU DD NT VU NT VU VU NT VU NA NT VU VU DD UA DD LC LC DD LC NA DD LC NA LC NT DD NT NT LC LC LC NT LC NT VU NT NT NT DD NA DD A3 c, D2 criteria (Carpathians) LC Red List Status IUCN RL category Endemic to Carpathians IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV IV II, IV II, IV IV II, IV II, IV IV II, IV II, IV V HD Annexes II III II II III II II II II II II II II II II II II II II III III Appendices Bern Convention 227 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 227 27.8.2014 22:36:28 EN Rhinolophus euryale Blasius, 1853 NT NA VU LC Sorex alpinus Schinz, 1837 Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 NE LC VU DD Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 Talpa europaea Linnaeus, 1758 * Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758 Vespertilio murinus Linnaeus, 1758 Vormela peregusna (Guldenstaedt, 1770) VU Spermophilus citellus (Linnaeus, 1766) Spalax graecus Nehring, 1898 Sorex minutus Linnaeus, 1766 DD Sicista subtilis (Pallas, 1773) DD CR LC LC CR LC LC LC VU LC VU LC LC LC LC Sicista betulina (Pallas, 1779) VU LC LC Sciurus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 VU LC EN NE NA Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, 1788 * Rupicapra rupicapra tatrica Blahout, 1972 (Linnaeus, 1758) Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra Rupicapra rupicapra balcanica Bolkay, 1925 Rupicapra rupicapra carpatica (Couturier, 1938) NA VU NA NA LC NA Rhinolophus blasii Peters, 1866 LC LC DD Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC NA LC Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) LC LC Rhinolophus mehelyi Matschie, 1901 NE Procyon lotor (Linnaeus, 1758) LC LC Rhinolophus hipposideros (Bechstein, 1800) LC Plecotus austriacus (Fischer, 1829) HU LC LC Plecotus auritus (Linnaeus, 1758) CZ Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774) VU SK Taxon LC NT EN NA VU LC NA NA PL VU VU VU NT DD DD VU VU VU VU NT RO VU NT VU NT LC NT NT NT VU NE NT NT NT NT NT NE NT DD RS NT VU NT VU NA NT VU NA NA NT VU UA VU DD VU LC NE VU VU LC LC VU DD VU LC NE EN NE VU VU VU VU VU VU VU NE LC NE LC A2 c A2 cd A3 c, B1 a D2 A1 c A1 acd A2 abcde, B 2b (i-iv) A1, C1 A2 ade A3 c, D2 A3 c, B1 a A3 c, B1 a A3 c, B1 a A3 c, B1 a, D2 criteria (Carpathians) LC Red List Status IUCN RL category Y Y Endemic to Carpathians II, IV IV II, IV II, IV II, IV IV II, IV II, IV V II, IV II, IV II, IV II, IV II, IV IV IV HD Annexes II II II II II III III III II II III III III III III II II II II II II II Appendices Bern Convention DRAFT LIST OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION Compiled by Ema Gojdičová (ed.) Data and assessment process contributors: Tomáš Görner (Czech Republic), Zoltán Botta-Dukát, Miklós Heltai, Zoltán Fehér, Mihály Márton, László Patkó (Hungary), Hanna Kuciel, Wojciech Solarz, Monika Szewczyk (Poland), Erika Schneider, Horea Olosutean, Angela Banaduc, Amalia Dumbravã (Romania), Predrag Lazarević, Dejan Bakovič, Aleksandra Zatezalo, Saša Brankovič (Serbia), Ema Gojdičová, Anton Krištín, Ján Kautman, Ľubomíra Vavrová, Peter Urban, Peter Zach, Ján Kulfan (Slovakia), Mykola Voloshchuk, Alla Kozurak, Fedir Kurtiak, Vasil Chumak (Ukraine) Introduction Many of alien plant and animal species are beneficial for humans. However, a significant number of them can become invasive and have serious and growing adverse impacts on biodiversity and related ecosystem services, human health and economy. The threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services that invasive alien species bring can have different forms, such as impact on native species ecosystem structure and function (alteration of habitats, competition, predation, replacement of native species). Globalisation processes have created new pathways for the introduction of non-native species to Europe including the Carpathian region. Complete lists of alien flora and fauna or in particular lists of invasive alien species are a helpful tool to address biological invasions on national or regional level. Therefore, in the last decades detailed catalogues of alien flora or fauna or various lists of invasive alien species causing impacts on biodiversity, economic activities and human health have been produced from local/national to global level. When focusing on Europe, several European institutions, initiatives or projects have produced lists of invasive alien species: EPPO, EEA/ SEBI 2010, DAISIE, NOBANIS. The most comprehensive list is the “metalist” of invasive alien species in Europe (GENOVESI & SCALERA 2007) comprising more than 500 species. The proposed EU regulation on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species will create a new challenge to tackle invasive alien species issue on three levels: EU, regional (e.g. biogeographical regions), national (member states) fostering cooperation and coordination. Assessment method Countries in the Carpathian region have already published or are developing overviews of alien flora and fauna with focus on invasive alien species, however, available data differ from country to country (see the references). Based on available data and within limited time and resources available in the project there was no ambition to provide complete list of alien species in the Carpathians with the information on their status. Challenging task was to prepare the list of invasive alien species already causing problems in this region. For the purpose of compiling the Carpathian List of Invasive Alien Species the guideline was prepared and following sources were used: flora and fauna databases, published catalogues or lists of alien species/invasive alien species, including papers on some systematic groups and in some cases unpublished data of experts involved. Collected data were fed into the project on-line form supported by maps. Species were classified according to their status in one of the following categories: casual alien species (cas), naturalized alien species (nat), invasive alien species (inv). In case that a plant or animal species has not been found in the country (its Carpathian region) yet (so attention to the occurrence in a country has been given to this particular species), category not found (notfd) was used. Category not known (notkn) was used when no information about the particular species was available. In special cases a species native (ntv) to one of the project countries but alien to the others was possible to list also. Species identified as invasive in one of the Carpathian countries were assessed as candidates for the Carpathian List only. The expert team evaluated candidate species using criteria agreed in the guidelines: number of countries/orographical units and area occupied by the species, as well as impacts on biodiversity (human health/ economy - optional), in some cases invasive potential of the species was taken into account. Experience and knowledge of experts involved played very important role in the evaluation process, too. 228 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 228 27.8.2014 22:36:28 Results (Summary) Taxonomic groups assessed for the Carpathian List of Invasive Alien Species followed the scope of the Carpathian Red List species assessment. However, invasive alien species were not identified in some of selected taxonomic groups, e.g. spiders (Araneae), dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata), birds (Aves). The final list presented in the table No 1. covers Vascular plants, Vertebrates and some of the selected groups of Invertebrates. The list comprises 77 species, 37 are plant species and 40 animal species. From plant species, 32 are herbs and 5 woody plants. Majority of animal species are Invertebrates, 14 arthropods and 11 molluscs are listed. The most numerous group of Vertebrates are fishes, 10 species are on the list. Comparing the final list to the known European lists of invasive alien species, 20 plant and 20 animal species are included at least in one of the following lists: EPPO, EEA/SEBI, DAISIE, NOBANIS. Detailed information on listed species across the Carpathian region is available in the project on-line platform. Main threats In the Carpathian region majority of listed invasive plant species occupies man-made habitats such as road and railway sides, waste dumps, abandoned arable land, urban areas, forestry plantations. The most infested natural and semi-natural habitats are various types of wetlands (various water bodies and their banks, marshes, floodplain forests) and grasslands. Forest habitats in general resist invasive alien species, however, natural disturbances (fire, wind), as well as human activities open the space for invasive plant species. Invasive animal species first of all represent serious threat to the Carpathian native species, e.g. fish, amphibians in general are the most threatened groups, water birds nesting in wetlands, or European mink and otter are also threatened by American mink. New challenges Proposed list of invasive species gives the first picture of the status of some alien species in the Carpathian region. It brings inspiration (and need) not only for completing the missing data for some of listed species but also for future projects and studies on alien species in the region: inventory of alien flora and fauna, detailed distribution (trends) and adverse impacts of already listed invasive species, detection of new alien species. As invasive species do not respect borders, the list opens space for cooperation and effective coordinated management of invasive species. Abbreviations: DAISIE – Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe EEA – European Environment Agency EPPO – European Plant Protection Organisation SEBI (SEBI 2010) – Streamlining European Biodiversity Indicators NOBANIS – European Network on Invasive Species References: COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION (2014). Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species. 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Table 1: Carpathian List of Invasive Alien Species Taxon Kingdom SK CZ HU PL RO RS UA Carpathians Acer negundo Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Ailanthus altissima Plantae inv inv inv cas inv inv inv Amaranthus retroflexus Plantae inv inv inv inv inv nat nat inv Ambrosia artemisiifolia Plantae inv inv inv cas inv inv inv inv Amorpha fruticosa Plantae nat nat inv notfd inv inv inv Apera spica-venti Plantae inv nat inv nat inv?? ntv inv Asclepias syriaca Plantae inv inv inv cas nat inv Aster novi-belgii Plantae inv inv inv inv cas notfd notfd inv inv Aster lanceolatus Plantae inv inv inv cas inv inv inv inv Bidens frondosa Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Cardaria draba Plantae inv nat ntv nat inv ntv cas inv Conyza canadensis Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Cuscuta campestris Plantae nat inv inv notfd inv notfd inv inv Echinochloa crus-galli Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv cas Echinocystis lobata Plantae inv inv inv inv inv notfd Elodea canadensis Plantae nat nat notfd inv inv inv inv inv Epilobium ciliatum Plantae inv inv inv??? inv inv notfd notfd inv Erigeron annuus Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Fallopia japonica Plantae inv inv notfd inv inv inv inv inv Fallopia x bohemica Plantae inv inv inv notkn notfd notfd notfd inv 232 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 232 27.8.2014 22:36:28 НА ЗАКАРПАТТІ: ЕКОЛОГІЯ, ПОШИРЕННЯ ТА // БІОЛ. СТУДІЇ. №3. C. 185-196. ВПЛИВ НА ДОВКІЛЛЯ ВИХОР, Б. І., ПРОЦЬ, Б. Г. (2013). КЛЕН ЯСЕНОЛИСТИЙ (ACER NEGUNDO L.) НА ЗАКАРТАТТІ: ЕКОЛОГІЯ, ПОШИРЕННЯ ТА ВПЛИВ НА ДОВКІЛЛЯ // БІОЛ. СТУДІЇ. №2. C. 13-22. КОЗУРАК, А. В., АНТОСЯК, Т. М., ВОЛОЩУК, М. І. (2014). АНАЛІЗ СИНАНТРОПНОЇ ФЛОРИ КАРПАТСЬКОГО БІОСФЕРНОГО ЗАПОВІДНИКА. // РЕГІОНАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ФЛОРИСТИЧНИХ І ФАУНІСТИЧНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ: МАТЕРІАЛИ ПЕРШОЇ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ НАУКОВОПРАКТИЧНОЇ КОНФЕРЕНЦІЇ (10-12 КВІТНЯ 2014 Р., М. ХОТИН). ЧЕРНІВЦІ: ДРУК АРК. C. 41-44. КУРТЯК, Ф. Ф. (2010). Іхтіофауна Закарпаття: раритетні категорії та принципи охорони // Матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції Сталий розвиток Карпат та інших гірських регіонів Європи (Ужгород, 8 10 вересня 2010 року) – Ужгород: TIMPANI. c. 303-308. КУРТЯК, Ф. Ф., ТАЛАБІШКО, Є. М., СТЕГУН, В. І. & ВЕЛИКОПОЛЬСЬКИЙ, І. Й. (2009). Іхтіо¬фауна басейну річки Латориці в межах України // Вісник Львівського університету. Серія біологічна. Випуск 50: 85-94. mys scripta elegans (Wied 1839) (Reptilia; Testudines), as invasion threat in Transcarpathia (Ukraine) // Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhgorod University. Series Biology. Issue 34. Проць, Б. Г. (1998). Нові місцезнаходження і тенденції поширення Ambrosia artemisifolia L. на Закарпатті // Пр. наук. т-ва імені Шевченка. № 2. c. 512-516. Протопопова, В. В., Мосякін, С. Л., Шевера, М. В. (2003). Вплив адвентивних видів рослин на фітобіоту України // Оцінка і напрямки зменшення загроз біорізноманіттю України.- К.: Хімджест. 400 c. ПРОТОПОПОВА, В. В. (1991). Синантропная флора Украины и пути ее развития, Сичак, Н. М. (2012). Нові локалітетидеяких адвентивних видів рослин у Івано-Франківській області: наукові основи збереження біотичної різноманітності, том 3 (10), № 1, р. c.111-122. ТАТАРИНОВ, К. А. (1973). Фауна хребетних заходу України. Львів: Вища школа, 257 c. KURTYAK, F. F. & KURTYAK, M. F. (2013). Turtle, Trache- Taxon Kingdom SK CZ HU PL RO RS UA Carpathians Fallopia sachalinensis Plantae inv inv notfd inv notfd notfd inv inv Galinsoga parviflora Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Galinsoga quadriradiata Plantae inv inv inv inv nat notfd inv inv Helianthus tuberosus Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv nat inv Heracleum mantegazzianum Plantae inv inv nat inv notfd notfd notfd inv Heracleum sosnowskyi Plantae notfd notfd inv inv notfd notfd inv inv Impatiens glandulifera Plantae inv inv inv inv inv notfd inv inv Impatiens parviflora Plantae inv inv inv inv inv notfd inv inv inv Juncus tenuis Plantae inv nat inv inv inv nat Lycium barbarum Plantae inv inv inv cas inv notfd inv Matricaria discoidea Plantae inv nat inv inv inv notfd inv inv Parthenocissus inserta Plantae nat inv inv inv inv notfd notfd inv Phytolacca americana Plantae nat cas inv notfd inv inv nat inv Robinia pseudoacacia Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Solidago canadensis Plantae inv inv inv inv inv notfd nat inv Solidago gigantea Plantae inv inv inv inv inv inv nat inv Veronica persica Plantae nat nat inv inv inv nat inv inv Arion vulgaris Animalia inv inv inv inv notfd inv Corbicula fluminea Animalia inv inv inv notfd inv inv inv Mollusca 233 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 233 27.8.2014 22:36:28 Taxon Kingdom SK CZ HU Dreissena polymorpha Animalia Dreissena rostriformis bugensis Animalia Ferrissia clessiniana Animalia inv Helix aspersa Animalia PL RO RS inv inv inv notfd UA Carpathians inv inv inv notfd inv inv notfd inv notfd inv inv inv notfd notfd inv notkn inv notkn notfd inv Lucilla scintilla Animalia inv notfd notfd notfd notfd inv Lucilla singleyana Animalia inv notfd inv inv notfd inv Physella acuta Animalia inv inv inv nat inv inv Potamopyrgus antipodarum Animalia inv inv inv nat inv inv inv Sinanodonta woodiana Animalia inv cas inv notfd inv inv inv Orconectes limosus Animalia inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Acanthoscelides obtectus Animalia inv cas inv inv inv inv inv Cameraria ohridella Animalia inv inv inv inv inv Cydalima perspectalis Animalia inv inv notfd notfd Arthropoda inv cas notfd inv inv Diabrotica virgifera Animalia inv inv inv inv inv inv cas inv Harmonia axyridis Animalia inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Hyphantria cunea Animalia nat inv notkn cas inv inv nat inv Leptinotarsa decemlineata Animalia nat inv inv nat inv inv inv Leptoglossus occidentalis Animalia inv inv inv nat Meconema meridionale Animalia inv inv inv notfd Parectopa robiniella Animalia inv inv inv cas Phyllonorycter issikii Animalia inv inv inv Phyllonorycter robiniella Animalia inv inv inv nat inv inv Stictocephala bisonia Animalia inv inv inv notfd inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv notfd inv inv inv notfd inv inv Chordata Osteichthyes Ameiurus melas Animalia inv notkn inv notfd inv inv inv Ameiurus nebulosus Animalia nat inv inv inv inv inv inv Carassius gibelio Animalia inv inv inv inv inv inv inv Lepomis gibbosus Animalia inv nat nat notfd inv inv inv Neogobius fluviatilis Animalia inv notfd notfd notfd inv inv Neogobius gymnotrachelus Animalia inv notfd notfd ntv inv inv Neogobius kessleri Animalia inv notfd notfd notfd inv inv Neogobius melanostomus Animalia inv inv notfd notfd inv inv Proterorhinus marmoratus Animalia notkn inv notfd Pseudorasbora parva Animalia inv inv inv cas inv Animalia inv cas/inv? inv inv inv Animalia inv inv notkn inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv inv nat inv Reptilia Trachemys scripta Mammalia Mustela vison Nyctereutes procyonoides Animalia nat inv cas inv inv inv Ondatra zibethicus Animalia nat/inv? inv nat inv inv inv Rattus norvegicus Animalia nat/inv? nat nat inv nat inv 234 zbornik_cervene zoznamy.indd 234 View publication stats 27.8.2014 22:36:28