Paper for The International Conference on Daurian International Protected Areas (DIPA), celebrate it`s 20th year anniversary. Dornod, on 20-23 June, 2014. ADDITION TO THE FLORA OF MONGOL DAURIAN PHYTOGEOGRAPHICAL REGION IN MONGOLIA Magsar URGAMAL & Chinbat SANCHIR Institute of Botany, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Mongolia urgamal@botany.mas.ac.mn Abstract The about new floristic findings of Mongol Daurian phytogeographical region in Mongolia, which was on the species level have been made since Gubanov`s conspectus (1996). The article reports on the new records of 83 species belonging to 63 genera, 21 genera added and 24 families (one family added) in the Mongol Daurian phytogeographical region to the flora of Mongolia. At a present, a total of 1289 species of the vascular plants are distributed in this phytogeographical region. The first time, were added of a species which is Hedysarum chalchorum N. Ulziykh. is endemic, and three species, Saussurea purpurata (Fisch. ex Herder) Lipsch., Viola rudolfii V. Nikit., V. schauloi V. Nikit. are subendemic plants in the Mongolian flora. Keywords: Vascular flora, new species, Mongol Daurian, phytogeographical region, Mongolia Introduction Mongolia’s Daurian forest steppe ecoregion encompasses portions of the Khentii Mountain Range and includes numerous large rivers such as the Onon and the Ulz. Siberian larch forests, which include numerous herb species, birch pine, and aspen groves are characteristic for this area. The trans-boundary international protected area network of Dauria is composed of Daurskii Zapovednik territories in the Chita region of Russia, Mongol Daguur SPA (1,030,000 hectares) in Mongolia, and the Dalai Nuur Nature Reserve in China. There are also two protected areas in the Mongolian portion of the region, namely, Onon-Balj National Park (4,157,000 ha), and Ugtam Uul Nature Reserve (462,000 ha). The Red Data Book of Mongolia (2013) recognizes the following floral species distinctions in this ecoregion: fifteen are considered very rare, 4 species rare, 8 species endemic, thirteen subendemic plant species. Six of these are: Sophora flavescens, Rhododendron dauricum, Caryopteris mongolica, Valeriana officinalis, Vicia tsydenii and Adonis mongolica. The first attempt to explore the flora of Mongolia is credited to D.G. Messerschmidt, who collected the first herbariums from north-eastern Mongolia, particularly the valleys of Ulz and Onon rivers), the first inventory list of vascular plants of Mongolia including 489 species was put together by K.I. Maximovicz in 1859. The researchers were followed by dozens of scientists, mostly from Russia, Poland, Germany and other countries. The main work on the vascular flora of Mongolia have been “Survey of Flora of Mongolia” by Ulziykhutag (1989) and some sources can be mentioned in Table 1, and the conformity of Mongolian territory with the phytogeographical classification by V.L. Komarov in 1908 and several works on this issue (Ulziykhutag, 1989). Table 1. Overview of the flora in the Mongol Daurian phytogeographical region of Mongolia Sources and references Ulziykhutag, N. (1989) Ariuntsetseg, L. & Boldgiv, B. (2009) Urgamal, M., Oyuntsetseg, B. & Nyambayar, D. (2013) At present Species number 946 1247 1281 1289 Mongolia is divided into sixteen phytogeographical regions based on floral composition, vegetation and geographical characteristics (Grubov, 1982). A detailed historical review of these research efforts could be found in the works by Ulziykhutag (1989), Hilbig (1995) and Gubanov (1996). Moreover, some families and genera of vascular plants, as well as phytogeographical regions are revised by researchers. For example, a monograph of flora and vegetation of East Mongolia was published by Dashnyam (1974). Figure 1. Map of Mongol Daurian phytogeographical region of Mongolia Materials and Methods The Herbarium (UBA) of the Institute of Botany, MAS contains more than 125.000 specimens, and Herbarium (UBU) of the Department of Botany, NUM contains about 12.000 specimens. In total 137.000 specimens represent more than 2745 species of vascular plants belonging to over 640 genera and 108 families. The Database of the Mongolian Flora includes about 3050 species (included cultivated plants) of vascular plants belonging to more 680 genera in 113 families (Urgamal, 2012). Nomenclature is based on Gubanov (1996) and according to APG III (2009), IPNI (2013), WCSP (2013) and APWeb (version 13. 2013). Many recent studies have provided support for the APG (LAPG) III (2009) system, which is adopted here, too. The families in the conspectus are arranged according to APG III system, genera and species in the alphabetic order. Results The collection were added 83 species belonging to 63 genera, 21 genera added, and 24 families, one family added, in the Mongol Daurian (Figure 1) phytogeographical region to the flora of Mongolia, the since of Gubanov`s (1996) conspectus in Table 2. At a present, a total of 1289 species of vascular plants are distributed in this phytogeographical region. The most newly added genera and species number of followed families in the Mongol Daurian phytogeographical region of Mongolia: Fabaceae (10/14), Asteraceae (9/12), Poaceae (8/11), Apiaceae (5/5), Viola (1/5). The first time, were added of one species (Hedysarum chalchorum N. Ulzij. = H. collinum Sancz. invalid) is endemic for Mongolia, and three species (Saussurea purpurata (Fisch. ex Herder) Lipsch., Viola rudolfii V. Nikit., V. schauloi V. Nikit.) are subendemic for Mongolian flora. Table 2. List of new records in the Mongol Daurian phytogeographical region of Mongolia (families arranged according to APG III system, 2009) New added species name (genera/species) + 1. Onocleaceae Pic. Serm. (1/1) Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro 2. Pinaceae Spreng. ex Rudolphi (1/1) Larix czekanowskii Szafran 3. Iridaceae Juss. (1/2) Iris pseudothoroldii Galanin I. sibirica L. 4. Asparagaceae Juss. (1/1) Asparagus burjaticus Peschkova 5. Juncaceae Juss. (1/1) Juncus virens Buchenau 6. Cyperaceae Juss. (1/1) Carex norvegica 7. Poaceae Barnhart (8/11) Avena sativa L. Calamagrostis angustifolia subsp. tenuis (V.N. Vassil.) Tzvelev Cinna latifolia (Trev.) Griseb. Dactylis glomerata L. Elymus kronokensis (Kom.) Tzvelev Festuca jacutica Drobov F. pseudosulcata Drobov Poa attenuata subsp. tshuensis (Serg.) Olon. P. ircutica Roshev. P. pratensis subsp. pruinosa (Korotky) Dickore Triticum aestivum L. 8. Papaveraceae Juss. (1/1) Sources and references Dulamsuren & Muhlenberg, 2003 Galanin et al., 2008 Galanin et al., 2008 Galanin, 2009 Zumberelmaa, 2004, 2009; Galanin, 2009 Galanin & Belikovich, 2011 Galanin et al., 2008 Nyambayar, 2009, 2011 Galanin, 2009 Galanin, 2009 Dulamsuren & Muhlenberg, 2003 Manibazar, 2010 Galanin, 2009 Galanin, 2009 Clayton et al., 2006; Galanin, 2009 Galanin, 2009 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009 Galanin, 2009 Ariunsuren, 2006 Grubov, 1982; Urgamal et al., 2013 Corydalis sajanensis Peschkova 9. Ranunculaceae Juss. (2/3) Aconitum macrorhynchum Turcz. ex Ledeb. A. ranunculoides Turcz. Ranunculus pulchellus C.A. Mey. 10. Caryophyllaceae Juss. (1/1) Silene foliosa Maxim. 11. Amaranthaceae Juss. (1/2) Suaeda corniculata subsp. mongolica Lomon. & Freitag S. sibirica Lomon. & Freitag 12. Violaceae Batsch. (1/5) Viola alexandrowiana (W. Becker) Juz. V. arvensis Murray V. rudolfii V. Nikit. V. schauloi V. Nikit. V. tenuicornis subsp. trichosepala W. Becker 13. Fabaceae Lindl. (10/14) Astragalus chorinensis Bunge Glycyrrhiza soongorica Grankina Hedysarum chalchorum N. Ulzij. H. gmelinii Ledeb Lathyrus sativus L. Lotus corniculatus L. Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) DC. Ornithopus perpusillus L. Pisum arvense L. Thermopsis dahurica Czefr. Th. lanceolata var. lanceolata R. Br. Vicia faba L. V. nervata Sipliv. V. ramuliflora (Maxim.) Ohwi 14. Rosaceae Juss. (2/3) Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. Munkh-Erdene & Urgamal, 2013 Potentilla nivea subsp. arenosa (Turcz.) Kuvaev Kechaykin & Shmakov, 2013 Urgamal et al., 2013 Kechaykin & Shmakov, 2013 Urgamal et al., 2013 P. supina var. supina 15. Rhamnaceae Juss. (1/1) Rhamnus davurica Pall. 16. Lythraceae J. St.-Hil. (1/1) Lythrum salicaria L. 17. Brassicaceae Burnett (4/4) Berteroa incana (L.) DC. Draba lanceolata Royel Lepidium ruderale L. Sisymbrium volgense M. Bieb. ex E. Fourn. 18. Ericaceae Juss. (2/3) Cassiope ericoides (Pall.) D. Don. 1834 Munkueva, 2003 Munkueva, 2003 Grubov, 1982; Urgamal et al., 2013 Urgamal et al., 2013 Lomonosova et al., 2008 Lomonosova et al., 2008 Kamelin et al., 2011 Kamelin et al., 2011 Kamelin et al., 2011 Kamelin et al., 2011 Kamelin et al., 2011 Grubov, 1982 Ulziykhutag, 2003; Dariimaa, 2009 Ulziykhutag, 2003; Dariimaa, 2009 Ulziykhutag, 2003; Dariimaa, 2009 Ulziykhutag, 2003 Ulziykhutag, 2003 Ulziykhutag, 2003 Ulziykhutag, 2003 Ulziykhutag, 2003 Dariimaa, 2009 ILDIS, 2013 Ulziykhutag, 2003 Vlasova, 2012 Ulziykhutag, 2003; Dariimaa, 2009 Grubov, 1982; Urgamal et al., 2013 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009 Neuffer et al., 2012 Neuffer et al., 2003 Grubov, 1982 Smirnov et al., 2003; German & Oyuntsetseg, 2008; German, 2009; Neuffer et al., 2012 Urgamal et al., 2013 Empetrum nigrum L. E. nigrum subsp. sibiricum (V.N. Vassil.) Kuvaev 19. Boraginaceae Juss. (2/3) Lappula anisacantha (Turcz. ex Bunge) Gurke L. redowskii (Hornem.) Greene Myosotis caespitosa Schultz 20. Scrophulariaceae Juss. (1/1) Verbascum thapsus L. 21. Lamiaceae Martinov (4/4) Dracocephalum olchonense Peschkova Mentha aquatica L. Scutellaria dependens Maxim. Stachys aspera subsp. baicalensis (Fisch. ex Benth.) Krestovsk. 22. Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl (9/12) Achillea millefolium L. A. ptarmicoides Maxim. Artemisia dahurica (Turcz.) Poljakov Erigeron elongatus Ledeb. Heteropappus medius Tamamsch. Leontopodium palibinianum Beauverd Saussurea purpurata (Fisch. ex Herder) Lipsch. Serratula cardunculus (Pall.) Schischk. Taraxacum armeriifolium Soest T. commixtiforme Soest T. glaucanthum (Ledeb.) DC. Turczaninowia fastigiata (Fisch.) DC. 23. Apiaceae Lindl. (5/5) Anethum graveolens L. Apium graveolens L. Bupleurum pusillum Krylov Coriandrum sativum L. Pastinaca sativa L. 24. Caprifoliaceae Juss. (2/2) Lonicera tatarica L. Valeriana officinalis L. Urgamal et al., 2013 Grubov, 1982; Urgamal et al., 2013 Ovchinnikova S.V. 2005 Ovchinnikova S.V. 2005 Gubanov, 1999 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009 Neuffer et al., 2012 Kamelin & Darijmaa, 2002; Darijmaa, 2009 Krestovskaja, 2004 Grubov, 1982; Ulziykhutag, 1985 Urgamal et al., 2013 Grubov, 1982; Neuffer et al., 2012 Urgamal et al., 2013 Grubov, 1955; Urgamal et al., 2013 Grubov, 1982; Urgamal et al., 2013 Dariimaa, 2009; Urgamal et al., 2013 Dariimaa, 2009; Urgamal et al., 2013 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009, 2014 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009, 2014 Dariimaa, 2009, 2014 Sanchir, 2004; Dariimaa, 2009, 2014 Sanchir, 2004; Dariimaa, 2009, 2014 Gubanov, 1999; Dariimaa, 2009 Urgamal, 2004, 2009, 2013 Urgamal, 2009, 2013 Urgamal, 2012, 2013 Ligaa, 1996; Urgamal, 2009, 2013 Urgamal, 2009, 2013 Ochirbat, 2009; Urgamal et al., 2013 Ulziykhutag, 1985; Sanchir, 2000 Grubov, 2001 Total: 83 species, 63 genera and 24 families Discussion The first time, new 21 genera (Amygdalus, Anethum, Apium, Berteroa, Cassiope, Cinna, Coriandrum, Dactylis, Empetrum, Lonicera, Lotus, Lythrum, Matteuccia, Onobrychis, Ornithopus, Pastinaca, Pisum, Stachys, Triticum, Turczaninowia, Verbascum) and one family (Onocleaceae) have been registered in the Mongol Daurian phytogeographical region since of Gubanov`s (1996) conspectus. 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