Hatchery managers and maintaining genetic diversity and fitness population in endangered and threatened species in pond is a important and difficult thing to do. But is must to do for conservation biology. Fitness and structure population depends on effective breeding number (Ne) and population connectivity between each other. The second most important thing is gene flow and genetic drift. Ne is major role in the maintenance of genetic diversity as indicator for inbreeding depresion and genetic drift. We sampled 6 hatchery in Jakarta and Bekasi Indonesia region and used 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci to quantify population genetic structure. Result in this study are, each farm have different methode. The old farmers is bapak Gusi and bapak Hasan (+30 years). Ne in bapak Hasan and bapak Gusi hatchery is 66,667 and F value is 0,00749 and loosing allele (P) is 0,26183. Compared with younger farmers bapak Yahya (5 years) have Ne = 133,333, F = 0,00375 and P = 0,06855. Even th...

This research aimed to describe habitat condition of endemic arfak rainbowfish, Melanotaenia arfakensis at Sungai Nimbai on June-July and September-October 2012. The study site consisted of seven sampling stations for organisms and environmental qualities, from upstream to downstream segment, and each of these stations divided into two habitat types, ie. slow littoral and run areas. The parameters of habitat quality were measured and analysed such as current water, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, grease and oil concentration, riparian vegetation, macroinvertebrates composition and abundance, also fish composition and distribution. Riparian vegetation sampling was done at stream sides using 4 m2 plot for seedling and 400 m2 for sapling, pole, and tree categories. Macroinvertebrate and fish at two habitat types were collected using surber of 0.0625 m2 and hand net. The result showed that arfak rainbow-fish were only found at upstream segment. The presence of the species was related...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reproductive biology of Celebes rainbowfish (Marosatrherina ladigesi) in some rivers of South Sulawesi including sex ratio, fecundity, eggs diameter, gonado somatic index, gonad maturity sta- ges, and spawning season. Fish collections were conducted in the Bantimurung River, Sawae River, Asanae River, and Jenae River. This study was conducted for one year from January to December 2014. Fish samples were separated by sex, total length was measured using calliper with a precision of 0.1 mm, while the body weight and gonad weight were measured with analytical balance with a precision of 0.01 g. Gonads were preserved in formaldehyde 4% for the deter- mination of fecundity, eggs diameter, gonad maturity index, and gonad maturity level. Sex ratio was unbalanced in every month and fecundity of fish ranged between 98-978 eggs. Relationship between fecundity and body length was strongly correlated, while the relationship between fecundity with bod...

The study of food preference of arfak rainbowfish (Melanotaenia arfakensis) in Nimbai and Aimasi streams, and Prafi river system were conducted from June to December 2007. Sampling was carried out monthly for seven months in four different habitat types, i.e. slow littoral, still littoral, pool, and run areas. Results showed that abundance of plankton and macroinvertebrate were found both in slow littoral and medium littoral, especially during low flow period (June to October). Macroinvertebrate that found naturally abundance are insect groups. Arfak rainbowfish are insectivorous, with preponderance index of stomach content during these periods are dominated by insect groups, i.e. Diptera, Ephemero-ptera, Coleoptera, and Trichoptera, so this species categorized as insectivorous. Also, electivity index showed a trend of food specification that naturally abundance. In order to maintain the population of arfak rainbowfish, conservation of their natural habitats is needed, especially ri...

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa aspek biologi reproduksi ikan sikuda (Lethrinus ornatus) yang meliputi pola pertumbuhan, faktor kondisi, nisbah kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG), indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), dan fekunditas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2016 sampai Januari 2017. Sampel ikan sikuda diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan nelayan di perairan Teluk luar Kendari yang didaratkan di Kecamatan Abeli. Jumlah sampel yang diperoleh yaitu 137 individu yang terdiri dari 30 jantan dan 107 betina. Hasil analisis hubungan panjang-bobot ikan sikuda jantan maupun betina memperlihatkan tipe pertumbuhan isometrik, dengan nilai b = 3. Faktor kondisi ikan sikuda jantan berkisar 1.56-1.91 dan betina berkisar 1.47-2.02. Nisbah kelamin ikan jantan dengan betina tidak seimbang. TKG ikan sikuda pada bulan November sampai Desember didominasi TKG IIA dan IIB sedangkan pada bulan Januari ikan jantan didominasi TKG VI, dan ikan betina cenderung didominasi TKG IIA dan VI. IKG ikan sikuda betina lebih besar dibandingkan ikan sikuda jantan dengan rerata IKG jantan berkisar 0.30-0.40 dan betina berkisar 0.11-0.28. Fekunditas ikan sikuda betina berkisar antara 29.458-81.107 butir. Abstract The aim of this research was to determine some aspects of the reproductive biology of ornate emperor (Lethrinus ornatus) including growth, condition factor, sex ratio, gonad maturity stage (TKG), gonad maturity index (IKG), and fecundity. This research was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017. The fish samples were obtained from the catch of the fishermen in the Kendari bay waters, Abeli District. The were 137 fish collected consisted of 30 males and 107 females. The results showed that the weight-length relationship of both male and female fish was isometric (b = 3). The condition factors of male and female fish ranged from 1.56-1.91 and 1.47-2.02, respectively. The sex ratio of male and female was unequal. Gonadal maturity stage of the fish in November to December was dominated by the TKG IIA and IIB while in January, the male and female fish were dominated by TKG VI and TKG IIA, respectively. The IKG of the female fish was larger than the males with the average value of 0.30-0.40 for male and 0.11-0.28 for female. The fecundity of the female fish ranged from 29.458-81.107 eggs.

Pengetahuan tentang reproduksi ikan merupakan bagian penting dalam pengelolan perairan secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan FebruariJuli 2013, dengan tujuan memperoleh informasi beberapa aspek reproduksi ikan belida (Notopterus notopterus) seperti nisbah kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, indeks kematangan, ukuran pertama kali matang gonad, fekunditas, dan tipe pemijahan. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan jaring insang (gill net) dengan ukuran 2, 2,5, 3, dan 4 cm. Masing-masing jaring insang memiliki panjang 30 m dan lebar 2 m. Ikan belida yang tertangkap selama penelitian berjumlah 497 ekor, yang terdiri dari 237 ekor ikan jantan dan 260 ekor ikan betina. Nisbah kelamin ikan jantan dan betina relatif seimbang. Ikan belida jantan lebih cepat matang gonad dibandingkan ikan betina. Ikan belida memijah setiap bulan pengamatan selama penelitian dengan tipe pemijahan bertahap (partial spawning). Ukuran pertama matang gonad ikan belida jantan berada pada kisaran panjang 135 mm dan ikan betina 162 mm. Fekunditas ikan belida berkisar antara 1.0526.057 butir. Fekunditas tidak dipengaruhi oleh panjang maupun bobot tubuh. Untuk menjaga kelestarian ikan belida, maka ukuran mata jaring yang dioperasikan sebaiknya berukuran lebih dari 30 mm atau setara dengan 1,5 inci.

Rainbow fish (Melanotaenia parva) is original endemic fish originated from Papua. This fish is fancied due to its beauty and uniqueness. The purposes of this general practice of rainbow fish (Melanotaenia parva) seeding were the following: (1) to learn the qualified and interesting method of raising of parents, larva, and seedlings of rainbow fish (Melanotaenia parva) originated from Kurumoi Lake; (2) to identify and solve any problems occurring during the activities of general practice of rainbow fish (Melanotaenia parva) such as diseases, pests, and mortality. The method of activities by collecting primary and secondary data using literature approach, observation, interview, and direct practice. The activities were conducted on 1 July until 1 August 2013 in Ornamental Fish Development and Research of Depok, West Java. The process of rainbow fish seeding included the process of parent raising, parent selection, spawning, egg raising, and larva and fry raising. Some matters determi...