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Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka: a revised checklist

Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka: a revised checklist

Profile image of David LongDavid LongProfile image of Sumudu RubasingheSumudu Rubasinghe

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Ceylon Journal of Science (Bio. Sci.) 43(1): 1-36, 2014 Article first published online: August 25, 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjsbs.v43i1.7280 LEAD ARTICLE Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka: a revised checklist David G. Long1* and Sumudu C.K. Rubasinghe2 1 Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK. Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. 2 ABSTRACT A revised checklist of liverworts and hornworts of Sri Lanka is presented based on an extensive review of published literature sources and incorporating synonymy from numerous floristic reports and taxonomic revisions. A number of erroneous records and doubtfully recorded taxa have been excluded. In total 82 genera and 327 species of liverworts and 4 genera and 5 species of hornworts are accepted. For each species literature sources are listed. For synonyms the source of the synonymy is given. Further, names whose type specimens originated from Sri Lanka are indicated. Two new formal taxonomic changes are propsed: Bazzania obtusa D.G.Long & Rubasinghe, nom. nov. and Heteroscyphus fleischeri (Steph.) D.G.Long & Rubasinghe, comb. nov. An index to all accepted names and synonyms is appended. Keywords: Anthocerotopsida, bryophyte, Ceylon, hornwort, liverwort, Marchantiopsida. INTRODUCTION Bryophytes which comprise mosses (Class Bryopsida), liverworts (Marchantiopsida) and hornworts (Anthocerotopsida) have long been recognised as very important components of almost all the earth's major ecosystems. Although they are a much smaller group compared to Angiosperms in terms of species numbers, the significance of their dominance and biomass in many ecosystems such as wet forests and peatlands, is now becoming more widely recognised, particularly in aspects such as water retention and as a vitally important carbon sink (Vanderpoorten & Goffinet, 2009). Yet, in many countries, especially in the tropics, knowledge of bryophytes is decades behind that of their Angiosperm cousins. As a conseqequence, their protection, conservation and utilisation are often largely ignored or overlooked because of this lack of knowledge, and the scarcity of means to identify them. Without taxonomic knowledge and identification manuals, we cannot apply names and communicate about the plants. As stressed in the recent historical review of bryology in Sri Lanka (Rubasinghe & Long, 2014) "the biggest impediment to progress in documenting the bryophytes of Sri Lanka is lack of a modern Bryophyte Flora, and this should be regarded as a priority for the future". *Corresponding Author’s email: d.long@rbge.ac.uk As a first step towards producing a Bryophyte Flora, a checklist is a very useful way of gathering together existing knowledge about the group and working out the scale of the task. Abeywickrama & Jensen (1978a, b) compiled the first checklists for Sri Lanka of liverworts and mosses. Although excellent at the time, these are now out-of-date in many ways and require updating. In the case of the mosses, this was done by O'Shea (2002) who provided an excellent moss list incorporating much new data. However, this has not been done for liverworts and hornworts until now. Abeywickrama & Jensen (1978a) gleaned their liverwort data from only 22 publications. Since then, there have been four significant developments: i, there has been much more field collecting of liverworts in Sri Lanka by a range of bryologists, notably J. Eggers, A. Jayasuriya, C. Ruinard, A. Schäfer-Verwimp and P. Tixier (Rubasinghe & Long, 2014); ii, there have been numerous floristic papers published in several international journals enumerating the results of these collectors' fieldwork (e.g. Eggers & SchäferVerwimp, 1987; Jayasuriya, 1984; Hattori, 1979; Onraedt, 1978, 1979a, b, 1981, 1983, 1985; Tixier, 1977); iii, there are important recent published studies on liverworts of adjacent regions, such as India (Asthana & Srivastava, 2003; Dey & Singh, 2012; Sharma & Srivastava, 1993; Srivastava & Srivastava, 2002), China (Zhu & So, 2001) and Papua New Guinea (Piippo, 1984 a,b; 1985a,b, etc.) which are highly relevant to species in Sri Lanka; 2 Long and Rubasinghe and iv, the publication of new monographic studies at both regional and global levels for particular groups found in Sri Lanka, such as Cololejeunea (Tixier, 1985), Frullania (Hattori, 1979), Marchantia (Bischler, 1989), Metzgeria (So, 2003b), Plagiochila (Inoue, 1984), Pleurozia (Thiers, 1993), Radula (Yamada, 1979a), and Schistochila (So 2003a). The present list is also a compilation, largely based on published literature, but it attempts several refinements over earlier work, including adopting new taxonomic placements of genera and species resulting from DNA-based studies, new synonymy from regional and global taxonomic revisions and monographs, a wider trawl of literature old and new and a critical reassessment of some doubtful records based on probable misidentifications. The list is arranged alphabetically by family, genus and species, and accepted genera and species are numbered. Families follow Crandall-Stotler et al. (2009) with some recent refinements such as segregation of Anastrophyllaceae from Lophoziaceae. Synonyms, where relevant to Sri Lanka, are given under the currently accepted name, and the source of synonymy is cited. Where names are based on Sri Lankan type specimens this is indicated. Sources of records are indicated by numbered references in square brackets and listed in the bibliography. Two new formal taxonomic changes are proposed in Appendix I. Accepted names and synonyms are listed in Appendix II with a reference to accepted name for each synonym. LIVERWORTS Acrobolbaceae 1.1 Marsupidium knightii Mitt. [37, 64] Adelanthaceae 2.1. Cuspidatula flexicaulis (Nees) Váňa & L.Söderstr. Jungermannia flexicaulis Nees [148] Jamesoniella flexicaulis (Nees) Schiffn. [55, 169] (Jungermannia colorata Lehm. var. ceylanica Gottsche nom. nud. [44] may belong here). 3.1 Denotarisia linguifolia (De Not.) Grolle [55, 169] Jamesoniella ovifolia (Schiffn.) Schiffn. [1, 2, 110, 227]; syn. fide Grolle (1971). (Syzygiella elongella (Taylor) K. Feldberg, Váňa, Hentschel & J. Heinrichs Jamesoniella elongella (Taylor) Steph. [1, 2, 227]. Excluded from Sri Lanka, reports refer to Cuspidatula flexicaulis, fide Grolle (1971)). 4.1 Syzygiella securifolia (Nees ex Lindenb.) Inoue [118, 213] Plagiochila securifolia Nees ex Lindenb. [1, 2, 45, 148, 227]; type from Sri Lanka Plagiochila variegata Lindenb. [148]; syn. fide Inoue (1984) Syzygiella variegata (Lindenb.) Schiffn. [1, 2, 114, 200]; syn. fide Inoue (1979) 4.2 Syzygiella subintegerrima (Nees) Spruce [2, 115] Anastrophyllaceae 5.1 Anastrophyllum imbricatum (Wilson ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Steph. Jungermannia imbricata Wilson ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees [45, 148] 5.2 Anastrophyllum piligerum (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Steph. [1, 2, 200, 227] Jungermannia piligera Reinw., Blume & Nees [148] 6.1 Plicanthus birmensis (Steph.) R.M.Schust. Chandonanthus birmensis Steph. [37] 6.2 Plicanthus hirtellus (F.Weber) R.M.Schust. Chandonanthus hirtellus (F.Weber) Mitt. [1, 2, 98, 110, 169, 227, 240] 7.1 Schizophyllopsis bidens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Váňa & L. Söderstr. Anastrophyllum bidens (Reinw, Blume & Nees) Steph. [169] Aneuraceae 8.1 Aneura pinguis (L.) Dumort. Riccardia pinguis (L.) Gray [1, 2] 9.1 Riccardia canaliculata (Nees) Schiffn. [41, 42] 9.2 Riccardia multifida (L.) Gray [1, 2, 128] Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 3 Aytoniaceae 10.1 Plagiochasma rupestre (G.Forst.) Steph. [19, 199] Plagiochasma nepalense (Lehm. & Bisch.) Steph. [1, 2, 80, 128]; syn. fide Bischler (1979). 11.1 Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi [1, 2, 169, 199] Blasiaceae 12.1 Blasia pusilla L. [80] Calypogeiaceae 13.1 Calypogeia apiculata (Steph.) Steph. [1, 2, 136, 169, 227] 13.2 Calypogeia arguta Nees & Mont. [169] 13.3 Calypogeia ceylanca S.Hatt. & Mizut. [80, 169]; type from Sri Lanka. 13.4 Calypogeia fissa (L.) Raddi [169, 205] 13.5 Calypogeia fragilis (Steph.) Inoue & H.A.Miller [2] 14.1 Metacalypogeia alternifolia (Nees) Grolle Calypogeia alternifolia (Nees) Steph. [1, 2] 15.1 Mnioloma fuscum (Lehm.) R.M.Schust. Calypogeia fusca (Lehm.) Steph. [58, 169] Calypogeia baldwinii Aust. [52, 53, 134]; syn. fide Grolle (1977b) Cephaloziaceae 16.1 Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt. [169] Cephaloziellaceae (Cephaloziella capillaris (Steph.) Douin [2, 121]; Kitagawa (1969) rejected these reports which may refer to Cylindrocolea kiaeri) 17.1 Cylindrocolea kiaeri (Austin) Váňa Cephaloziella kiaeri (Austin) Pearson [169]; Cephalozia willisana Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Váňa et al. (2013) Cephaloziella willisana (Steph.) N.Kitag. [131] 18.1 Gottschelia schizopleura (Spruce) Grolle [54, 55, 169] Jamesoniella microphylla Schiffn. [1, 2, 195, 227]; syn. fide Onraedt (1981). Jungermannia ceylanica Steph. [1, 2]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Grolle (1971) (Jungermannia ceylanica Gottsche nom. nud. [44]; may belong here). Note: Gottschelia was formerly placed in Lophoziaceae but Feldberg et al. (2009) showed that was incorrect; it is provisionally placed in Cephaloziellaceae. Cyathodiaceae 19.1 Cyathodium cavernarum Kunze [221] (Cyathodium foetidissimum Schiffn. [199]. Note: not reported from Sri Lanka or India by Srivastava & Dixit (1996); record considered doubtful). 19.2 Cyathodium smaragdinum Schiffn. ex Keissl. [1, 2, 199, 221] Dumortieraceae 20.1 Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees. sens. lat. [1, 2, 80, 110, 148, 169, 199] Exormothecaceae 21.1 Exormotheca ceylonensis Meijer [1, 2, 4, 80, 128, 144, 199] Fossombroniaceae (Fossombronia wondraczekii (Corda) Dumort. [2, 80, 121, 169]. Excluded from East Asia by Krayesky et al. (2005) though no Sri Lankan specimens were studied; may refer to an Asiatic species). Frullaniaceae 22.1 Frullania acutiloba Mitt. [1, 2, 85, 93, 169, 206, 227, 249] Frullania hampeana Nees var. acutiloba (Mitt.) S.Hatt. [87]; reinstated as a distinct species by Hattori (1980a). 4 Long and Rubasinghe 22.2 Frullania alstonii Verd. [1, 2, 91, 169, 191, 249, 251]; type from Sri Lanka Frullania perocellata Onr. [166, 169]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Hattori (1985) 22.3 Frullania apiculata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. [1, 2, 93, 148, 169, 249] 22.3a Frullania apiculata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. var. goebelii Schiffn. [249] 22.4 Frullania arecae (Spreng.) Gott. [259] Frullania wallichiana Mitt. [83, 93, 169]; syn. fide Yuzawa (1991) 22.5 Frullania brotheri Steph. [87, 91, 95] 22.6 Frullania campanulata Sande Lac. [169] 22.7 Frullania capilliformis Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka. 22.8 Frullania claviloba Steph. [169] 22.9 Frullania ericoides (Nees) Mont. [37, 88, 93, 94, 169] Frullania squarrosa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees [1, 2, 44, 148, 248]; syn. fide Piippo (1990). Frullania laciniosa Lehm. [148]; syn. fide Hattori (1975b). 22.10 Frullania gaudichaudii (Nees & Mont.) Nees & Mont. var. ceylanica (Nees) S.Hatt. [83, 94, 169] Frullania ceylanica Nees [1, 2, 45, 83, 123, 148, 249]; type from Sri Lanka Frullania nietneri Gottsche ex Steph. [44, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Verdoorn (1930). 22.11 Frullania gracilis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. [1, 2, 87, 91, 169, 249] 22.12 Frullania grandistipula Lindenb. [1, 2, 86, 87, 91, 93, 97, 169, 206, 227, 249] Frullania rugosa Mitt. [1, 2, 148, 227]; syntype and lectotype from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Hattori (1986) Frullania grandistipula Lindenb. var. rugosa (Mitt.) S.Hatt. [88] 22.13 Frullania hottana S.Hatt. [97, 169] 22.14 Frullania hypoleuca Nees [169] 22.15 Frullania intermedia (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. [1, 2, 95, 123, 249] Frullania explanata Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Hattori (1975b) 22.16 Frullania meyeniana Lindenb. [88, 93, 169] 22.17 Frullania microauriculata Verd. [1, 2, 169] 22.17a Frullania microauriculata Verd. var. rotundior Verd. [87, 249]; syntype from Sri Lanka 22.18 Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. [110, 195, 227, 234] Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. subsp. moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Kamimura [129] 22.18a Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. subsp. breviramea (Steph.) Verd. [1, 2, 249] Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. subsp. obscura (Verd.) S.Hatt. var. breviramea (Steph.) S.Hatt. [169] 22.18b Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. subsp. obscura Verd. [1, 2, 234, 249] Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. subsp. obscura (Verd.) S.Hatt. [82, 88, 93] 22.19 Frullania monocera (Taylor) Taylor Frullania hampeana Nees [1, 2, 94, 249]; syn. fide Hattori (1985) 22.19a Frullania monocera (Taylor) Taylor var. schiffneri (Verd.) S.Hatt. Frullania acutiloba Mitt. var. schiffneri Verd. [86] 22.20 Frullania neurota Taylor [1, 2, 83, 93, 169, 206, 229, 249, 259] Frullania aperta Gottsche [44]; nom. nud.; syn. fide Verdoorn (1930) 22.21 Frullania nodulosa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees [1, 2, 169, 249] Frullania thuilleri Nees [45, 148]; syntype from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Kamimura (1961) 22.22 Frullania orientalis Sande Lac. [87, 91, 99] (Frullania pallida Gottsche nom. nud. [44]; identity unknown) 22.23 Frullania polyptera Taylor [93, 94, 96] 22.23a Frullania polyptera Taylor var. angustata (Mitt.) S.Hatt. [88, 169] Frullania angustata Mitt. [148, 227]; syntypes from Sri Lanka. Onraedt (1981) wrongly gave this as a synonym of Frullania campanulata. (Frullania poondeloyae Gottsche nom. nud. [44]; identity unknown) 22.24 Frullania ramuligera (Nees) Mont. [83, 93, 96, 169] 22.25 Frullania riojaneirensis (Raddi) Spruce [1, 99, 96, 229] Frullania galeata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. [87, 249]; syn. fide Svihla (19566). 22.26 Frullania serrata Gottsche [84, 93, 169, 206, 249] Frullania latistipula Steph. [227]; syntype from Sri Lanka; syn fide Verdoorn (1930) 22.26a Frullania serrata Gottsche forma crispulodentata Verd. [1, 2, 91, 99, 248] (Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. [148, 206]; records from Asia mostly refer to F. moniliata (L. Söderström, pers. comm.) Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 5 22.27 Frullania ternatensis Gottsche [1, 2, 84, 93, 169, 249] Frullania pendula Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Hattori (1975b) Note: Stephani (1898–1925) treated F. pendula twice, as a distinct species and as a synonym of Frullania ceylanica. 22.28 Frullania trichodes Mitt. Frullania vethii Sande Lac. [169]; syn. fide Hattori & Piippo (1986) Herbertaceae 23.1 Herbertus ceylanicus (Steph.) H.A.Miller [1, 2, 80, 127, 146, 169] Schisma ceylanicum Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka. 23.2 Herbertus dicranus (Taylor ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Trevis. [126, 127] Sendtnera dicrana Taylor ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees [148] Herbertus perrottetii (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2, 146] Schisma perrottetii Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka; synonymised by Juslén (2006) Schisma wichurae Steph. [1, 2, 169, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; synonymised by Juslén (2006); according to Reimers (1931) the Wichura type specimen was wrongly cited by Stephani as from China and is from Sri Lanka. (Herbertus fragilis (Steph.) H.A.Miller [169]. According to Juslén (2006) this is a synonym of H. aduncus (Dicks.) Gray which is not reported from Sri Lanka; Juslén states that many specimens labelled H. fragilis belong to H. dicranus). 23.3 Herbertus ramosus (Steph.) H.A.Mill. [127] Jackiellaceae 24.1 Jackiella ceylanica Schiffn. ex Steph. [1, 2, 169, 227]; type from Sri Lanka. 24.2 Jackiella javanica Schiffn. [1, 2, 169, 178] Jubulaceae 25.1 Jubula hutchinsiae (Hook.) Dumort. subsp. javanica (Steph.) Verdoorn [37] Lejeuneaceae 26.1 Acanthocoleus gilvus (Gottsche) Kruijt [33, 138] Dicranolejeunea gilva (Gottsche) Steph. [171] 27.1 Acrolejeunea emergens (Mitt.) Steph. [48, 61, 169, 171]. (Acrolejeunea fertilis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn. [46, 76, 138, 158] Lejeunea fertilis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mitt., hom. illeg. [148]; Ptychocoleus ustulatus (Taylor) Steph. [1, 2, 110]; all records from Sri Lanka are doubtful and may refer to A. emergens (Gradstein & Inoue, 1980) 27.2 Acrolejeunea planiuscula (Mitt.) Steph. [76] 27.3 Acrolejeunea pycnoclada (Taylor) Schiffn. [46, 48, 169, 171] Ptychocoleus pycnocladus (Taylor) Steph. [1, 2, 227, 251] Lejeunea pycnoclada (Taylor) Mitt. [148] 28.1 Caudalejeunea cristiloba (Steph.) Gradst. [47, 169, 171, 267] 28.2 Caudalejeunea reniloba (Gottsche) Steph. [37, 48, 123, 145, 169, 171, 235] Caudalejeunea lessonii Steph. [169, 171]; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001). 29.1 Cheilolejeunea ceylanica (Gottsche) R.M.Schust. & Kachroo [37, 63, 157, 159, 169, 193, 232, 267, 268] Cheilolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Mizut. var. ceylanica (Gottsche) A.E.D.Daniels & Kariyappa [32] Pycnolejeunea ceylanica (Gottsche) Schiffn. [1, 2, 109, 110, 227, 228] Lejeunea ceylanica Gottsche [45, 148]; type from Sri Lanka. 29.2 Cheilolejeunea decurrens (Sande Lac.) X.-L.He [169] 29.3 Cheilolejeunea decursiva (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust. [57, 59, 263] 29.4 Cheilolejeunea gardneri (Mitt.) Mizut. [150] Pycnolejeunea gardneri (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 109, 227, 232] Lejeunea gardneri Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka. 29.5 Cheilolejeunea imbricata (Nees) S.Hatt. [123, 169] 29.6 Cheilolejeunea intertexta (Lindenb.) Steph. [2, 10, 63, 80, 153, 156, 159, 169] Cheilolejeunea kurzii Steph. [169]; syn. fide Kitagawa (1981). 29.7 Cheilolejeunea krakakammae (Lindenb.) R.M.Schust. [261] 6 Long and Rubasinghe 29.8 Cheilolejeunea lindenbergii (Gottsche) Mizut. [169, 190, 193] Hygrolejeunea lindenbergii (Gottsche) Steph. [1, 2, 227] Lejeunea lindenbergii Gottsche [45, 228]; syntype from Sri Lanka. 29.9 Cheilolejeunea longiloba (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) J.J.Engel & B.C.Tan [169, 267] 29.10 Cheilolejeunea nietneri (Steph.) Mizut. [68, 169] Harpalejeunea nietneri Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka. (Cheilolejeunea orientalis (Gottsche) Mizut. Euosmolejeunea orientalis (Gottsche) Steph. [1, 2, 227]; these reports are based on a Nietner specimen redetermined by Mizutani (1972) as C. trifaria) 29.11 Cheilolejeunea serpentina (Mitt.) Mizut. [10, 63, 150, 169, 231] Euosmolejeunea serpentina (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 227] Lejeunea serpentina Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka. 29.12 Cheilolejeunea streimannii Pócs & Ninh [191] 29.13 Cheilolejeunea subopaca (Mitt.) Mizut. [169, 267, 268] 29.14 Cheilolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Mizut. [33] Pycnolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Steph. [1, 2] 29.15 Cheilolejeunea trifaria (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mizut. [80, 156, 159] Euosmolejeunea trifaria (Reinw, Blume & Nees) Spruce [1, 2] (Cheilolejeunea turgida (Mitt.) W. Ye & R.L. Zhu Lejeunea turgida Mitt. [148]; syntype from Sri Lanka; this record is erroneous (Grolle & Piippo, 1990) 29.16 Cheilolejeunea vittata (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) R.M.Schust. & Kachroo [169, 268] 30.1 Cololejeunea amoena Benedix [169] 30.2 Cololejeunea appressa (A.Evans) Benedix [169] 30.3 Cololejeunea ceratilobula (P.C.Chen) R.M.Schust. [9, 33, 267] 30.4 Cololejeunea ceylanica Onr. [9, 33, 37, 168, 169, 264, 267]; type from Sri Lanka. 30.5 Cololejeunea cordiflora Steph. [190] 30.6 Cololejeunea desciscens Steph. [37, 192, 267] Cololejeunea formosana Mizut. [169]; syn. fide Pócs & Piippo (2011) 30.7 Cololejeunea falcata (Horik.) Benedix [192, 193, 235, 260, 267] Cololejeunea falcatoides Benedix [145, 169, 234]; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001)] 30.8 Cololejeunea fissilobula Herz. [169 ‘aff’] 30.9 Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. [9, 33, 37, 169, 235, 267] 30.9a Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. var. aurita Benedix [192, 235, 236] 30.9b Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. var. trivitata Tixier [236] 30.10 Cololejeunea fredericii Onr. [166, 169, 238]; type from Sri Lanka 30.11 Cololejeunea gottschei (Steph.) Mizut. [1, 2, 9, 151, 169, 267] Physocolea gottschei Steph. [227]; syntype from Sri Lanka Note: this was synonymised under C. longifolia by Tixier (1984, 1985) but maintained by Zhu & So (2001) and Asthana & Srivastava (2003). 30.12 Cololejeunea gynophthalma Benedix [234] 30.13 Cololejeunea haskarliana (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. [9, 33, 169, 267] Lejeunea haskarliana Lehm. & Lindenb. [45] Schiffneriolejeunea haskarliana (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Gradst. [169] 30.14 Cololejeunea hinidumae Onr. [142, 169]; type from Sri Lanka. 30.15 Cololejeunea inflata Steph. [169, 267] Cololejeunea oshimensis (Horik.) Benedix [235]; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001). 30.16 Cololejeunea inflectens (Mitt.) Benedix ("inflectidens") [1, 2, 12, 169, 193, 260, 267] Campylolejeunea inflectens (Mitt.) Mizut. [150] Lejeunea inflectens Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka Physocolea inflectens (Mitt.) Steph. [227] 30.17 Cololejeunea lanciloba Steph. [33, 37, 169, 267] Cololejeunea bolombensis (Steph.) Vanden Berghen [169]; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001). 30.18 Cololejeunea leonidens Benedix var. saccata Benedix [169] Note: C. leonidens was given as a synonym of C. ocelloides (Horik.) S.Hatt. by Zhu & So (2001) . 30.19 Cololejeunea longifolia (Mitt.) Benedix ex Mizut. [9, 23, 237] 30.20 Cololejeunea metzgeriopsis (K.I.Goebel) Gradst., R.Wilson, Ilkiu-Borges & J. Heinrichs [36] 30.21 Cololejeunea minutissima (Sm.) Schiffn. [169] Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 7 30.22 Cololejeunea obliqua (Nees & Mont.) Schiffn. Cololejeunea scabrifolia Schiffn., nom. inval. [169]; syn. fide Grolle (1995) and Zhu & So (2001) . 30.23 Cololejeunea peraffinis (Schiffn.) Schiffn. [169, 267] 30.24 Cololejeunea perakensis Tixier [235, 238] Note: not validly published until Tixier (1985). 30.25 Cololejeunea planissima (Mitt.) Abeyw. [1, 2, 9, 33, 149, 160, 169, 192, 238, 267] Lejeunea planissima Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka Physcocolea planissima (Mitt.) Steph. [227] 30.26 Cololejeunea pluripunctata Benedix [169] 30.27 Cololejeunea pretiosa Benedix [37] Note: Tixier (1985) treats this as a synonym of C. hispidissima (Steph.) Pandé, but this is a synonym of C. haskarliana (Zhu & So, 2001). 30.28 Cololejeunea pseudofloccosa (Horik.) Benedix [33, 169, 192, 234, 267] Taeniolejeunea pseudofloccosa (Horik.) S.Hatt. [1, 2, 173] 30.29 Cololejeunea schmidtii Steph. [193, 237, 260, 267] 30.30 Cololejeunea serrata (Steph.) Benedix [1, 2, 12, 16, 169, 192, 267] Physcocolea serrata Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka. 30.31 Cololejeunea taprobanea Tixier [238]; type from Sri Lanka 30.32 Cololejeunea tenella Benedix [37, 169, 192, 264, 267] 30.33 Cololejeunea triapiculata (Herzog) Tixier [169, 192, 234, 235, 238] 30.34 Cololejeunea trichomanis (Gottsche) Steph. subsp. cordiflora (Steph.) Pócs [192] 30.35 Cololejeiunea vesicaria (Sande Lac.) Benedix [169] 30.36 Cololejeunea vidaliana Tixier [235, 238, 267] 31.1 Colura acroloba (Mont. ex Steph.) Ast [1, 2, 37, 124, 167, 169, 234, 235, 267] 31.2 Colura ari (Steph.) Steph. [1, 2, 52, 167, 169, 267] 31.3 Colura brevistyla Herzog [103, 124, 167, 169, 193]; type from Sri Lanka 31.4 Colura calyptrifolia (Hook.) Dumort. [167, 267] 31.5 Colura conica (Sande Lac) K.I.Goebel [167, 169] Colura acutifolia Ast.; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001). 31.6 Colura corynephora (Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Trevis. [167, 169, 267] 31.7 Colura greig-smithii Ast [167] 31.8 Colura javanica Steph. [103] 31.9 Colura meijeri Ast [37] 31.10 Colura ornata K.I.Goebel [167, 169] 31.11 Colura tenuicornis (A.Evans) Steph. Colura calyptrifolia (Hook.) Dumort. subsp. tenuicornis (A.Evans) Vanden Berghen [169] 31.12 Colura verdoornii Herzog & Ast [37] (Dicranolejeunea ceylanica Steph. nom. nud. [24]; original material from Sri Lanka; this belongs to Acrolejeunea but species uncertain (Mizutani, 1980a)). 32.1 Diplasiolejeunea cavifolia Steph. [37] 32.2 Diplasiolejeunea onraedtii Grolle [60, 169]; type from Sri Lanka. 32.3 Diplasiolejeunea rudolphiana Steph. [169, 267] 33.1 Drepanolejeunea angustifolia (Mitt.) Grolle [33, 34, 169, 267] 33.2 Drepanolejeunea fissicornua Steph. [104] 33.3 Drepanolejeunea fleischeri (Steph.) Grolle & R.L.Zhu [8, 33, 34, 75, 267] Leptolejeunea fleischeri Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka Rhaphidolejeunea fleischeri (Steph.) Herzog [17, 18, 108]. 33.4 Drepanolejeunea macrodonta (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 227] Lejeunea macrodonta Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka. 33.5 Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla (Mont.) Steph. Drepanolejeunea micholitzii Steph. [169]; syn. fide Piippo (1990). Drepanolejeunea micholitzii Steph. var. dactylophoroides Herzog [235] 33.6 Drepanolejeunea tenera K.I.Goebel [169] 33.7 Drepanolejeunea ternatensis (Gottsche) Schiffn. [34, 169, 267] 33.8 Drepanolejeunea teysmannii Steph. [37] 33.9 Drepanolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 104, 105, 123, 145, 164, 169, 227, 235] Lejeunea thwaitesiana Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka Ceratolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 169, 227, 235] 8 Long and Rubasinghe Note: Lejeunea thwaitesiana Mitt. was treated twice by Stephani (1898–1925) under both Drepanolejeunea and Ceratolejeunea. 33.9a Drepanolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. var. zhengii R.L.Zhu [267] 33.10 Drepanolejeunea vesiculosa (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 34, 106, 169, 227, 267] Lejeunea vesiculosa Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka 34.1 Harpalejeunea filicuspis (Steph.) Mizut. [62, 68, 169] 35.1 Lejeunea anisophylla Mont. [33, 191, 267] Lejeunea borneensis Steph. [169]; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001). 35.2 Lejeunea apiculata Sande Lac [33, 193] Stenolejeunea apiculata (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust. [169, 267] Taxilejeunea apiculata (Sande Lac.) Eifrig nom. illeg. [169] 35.3 Lejeunea cocoes Mitt. [1, 2, 16, 143, 148, 150, 193, 217, 227, 267]; type from Sri Lanka. 35.4 Lejeunea dipterota Eifrig [234] 35.5 Lejeunea discreta Lindenb. [33, 155, 169, 267] Hygrolejeunea discreta (Lindenb.) Steph. [1, 2, 38, 234] 35.6 Lejeunea flava (Sw.) Nees [33, 169] 35.7 Lejeunea flavida Mitt. [148, 169]; type from Sri Lanka Pycnolejeunea flavida (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 109, 150, 227]. (Lejeunea grandiloba Gottsche, nom. nud. [44]; identity unknown) 35.8 Lejeunea herzogii Mizut. [169] 35.9 Lejeunea lowriana Steph. [169] 35.10 Lejeunea micholitzii Mizut. [193, 235] 35.11 Lejeunea neelgherriana Gottsche [37, 265, 267] Harpalejeunea indica Steph. [234]; syn. fide Grolle & Reiner-Drehwald (1999). 35.12 Lejeunea nietneri (Steph.) Steph [1, 2, 17] Eulejeunea nietneri Steph. [226]; type from Sri Lanka ? Lejeunea nietneri Gottsche nom. nud. [44]; original material from Sri Lanka. 35.13 Lejeunea obfusca Mitt. [1, 2, 148, 150, 169, 227, 267]; type from Sri Lanka. 35.14 Lejeunea obscura Mitt. [33, 169, 267] 35.15 Lejeunea papilionacea Steph. [33] 35.16 Lejeunea riparia Mitt. [148, 150, 196]; type from Sri Lanka Cheilolejeunea riparia (Mitt.) M.E.Reiner Rectolejeunea riparia (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 227] 35.17 Lejeunea subacuta Mitt. [33, 150, 155] 35.18 Lejeunea tuberculosa Steph. [143] 35.19 Lejeunea utriculata (Steph.) Mizut. Pycnolejeunea utriculata Steph. [1, 2, 227] 35.20 Lejeunea wightii Lindenb. [80] 36.1 Lepidolejeunea bidentula (J.B.Jack & Steph.) R.M.Schust. [267] Pycnolejeunea badia Steph. [169]; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001) 37.1 Leptolejeunea elliptica (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffn. [33, 169] Leptolejeunea subacuta Steph. [235]; syn. fide Zhu & So (2001) 37.2 Leptolejeunea epiphylla (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 107, 123, 169, 227, 234, 235, 267] Lejeunea epiphylla Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka 37.3 Leptolejeunea maculata (Mitt.) Schiffn. [1, 2, 37, 56, 107, 123, 169, 227, 267] Lejeunea maculata Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka. 37.4 Leptolejeunea massartiana Schiffn. ex Herzog [235] 37.5 Leptolejeunea rhombifolia Steph. [235] 37.6 Leptolejeunea vitrea (Nees) Schiffn. [169, 190, 234, 235] 38.1 Leucolejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) A.Evans [1, 2, 149, 169, 171, 195, 251] Lejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Lehm. & Lindenb. [44] 39.1 Lopholejeunea applanata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn. [76, 262] Lejeunea applanata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees [148] 'adplanata'. 39.2 Lopholejeunea nigricans (Lindenb.) Steph. Lopholejeunea arbortiva (Mitt.) Steph. [171]; syn. fide Zhu & Gradstein (2005). 39.3 Lopholejeunea ceylanica Steph. [1, 2, 37, 48, 76, 161, 169, 171, 227, 230, 251, 262]; syntype and lectotype from Sri Lanka. Lopholejeunea longiloba Steph. [227] [251]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Zhu & Gradstein Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 9 (2005) ? Phragmicoma ceylanica Gottsche nom. nud. [44] 39.4 Lopholejeunea eulopha (Taylor) Schiffn. [76, 262] 39.5 Lopholejeunea javanica (Nees) Schiffn. [161, 266] 39.6 Lopholejeunea subfusca (Nees) Schiffn. [1, 2, 48, 52, 76, 80, 149, 169, 171, 227, 234, 250, 251, 262] Lejeunea subfusca (Nees) Nees & Mont. [148] 39.7 Lopholejeunea zollingeri (Steph.) Schiffn. [76, 262] Lopholejeunea nipponica Horik. [169, 171]; syn. fide Zhu & Gradstein (2005) 40.1 Mastigolejeunea auriculata (Wilson) Schiffn. [48] 40.2 Mastigolejeunea humilis (Gottsche) Schiffn. [1, 2, 48, 98, 169, 171, 250, 251] 40.2a Mastigolejeunea humilis (Gottsche) Schiffn. var. ciliata Awasthi & Udar [11] 40.3 Mastigolejeunea repleta (Taylor) A.Evans [2, 48, 98, 133] Lejeunea repleta Taylor [148] Mastigolejeunea atypos (Schiffn.) Steph. [1, 227]; syn. fide Gradstein & Inoue (1980). 40.4 Mastigolejeunea virens (Ångstr.) Steph. [76, 162] 41.1 Metalejeunea cucullata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Grolle Microlejeunea cucullata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) J.B.Jack & Steph. [169, 235] (Microlejeunea lunulatilobula Horik. was reported by Miller et al. (1983) but no source was given for the record) 42.1 Microlejeunea punctiformis (Taylor) Spruce [1, 2, 33, 110, 191, 227] Lejeunea punctiformis Taylor [80, 98, 149, 150, 267] Lejeunea gracillima Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Mizutani (1963) Microlejeunea gracillima (Mitt.) Carringt. & Pearson [1, 2, 21, 227] 43.1 Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Nees [2, 33, 48, 76, 169, 251] Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Nees var. retusus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Verd. [1, 2]; syn. fide Haerida et al. (2010) Ptychanthus birmensis Steph. [1, 2]; syn. fide Verdoorn (1934) Ptychanthus effusus Steph. [1, 2, 227]; syntype from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Verdoorn (1934) Ptychanthus nietneri (Steph.) Schiffn. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Verdoorn (1934) Ptycholejeunea nietneri Steph. [226]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Verdoorn (1934) ? Phragmicoma nietneri Gottsche nom. nud. [44] is probably a synonym. 44.1 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata Steph. [100, 169] 45.1 Schiffneriolejeunea polycarpa (Nees) Gradst. [48, 169, 171] 45.2 Schiffneriolejeunea pulopenangensis (Gottsche) Gradst. [48, 169, 171] Ptychocoleus pulopenangensis (Gottsche) Trevis. [1, 2, 250, 251] 45.3 Schiffneriolejeunea tumida (Nees) Gradst. [48, 49, 169, 171, 230] Ptychocoleus peradeniensis (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 227, 250, 251]; syn. fide Gradstein & Inoue (1980) Lejeunea peradeniensis Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka Ptychocoleus cumingianus auct. non (Mont.) Trevis. [1, 2]; syn. fide Gradstein & Inoue (1980) 45.3a Schiffneriolejeunea tumida (Nees) Gradst. var. hasskarliana (Gottsche) Gradst. & Terken [49, 171] Schiffneriolejeunea hasskarliana (Gottsche) Gradst. [169] 46.1 Spruceanthus marianus (Gottsche) Mizut. [48, 169, 171] Archilejeunea mariana (Gottsche) Steph. [1, 2] 46.2 Spruceanthus semirepandus (Nees) Verd. [1, 2, 48, 76, 169, 171, 251] Lejeunea semirepanda (Nees) Nees & Mont. [148] 47.1 Taxilejeunea compressiuscula Lindenb. ex Steph. [169] 48.1 Thysananthus convolutus Lindenb. [37] 48.2 Thysananthus spathulistipus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Lindenb. [1, 2, 48, 169, 171, 251] Lejeunea spathulistipa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mitt. [148] 49.1 Trocholejeunea infuscata (Mitt.) Verd. [1, 2, 33, 48, 163, 251] 49.2 Trocholejenea sandvicensis (Gottsche) Mizut. [33, 48, 169, 171] Brachiolejeunea sandvicensis (Gottsche) A.Evans [1, 2] 50.1 Xenolejeunea longiloba (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) Kachroo & R.M.Schust. [235] Lepicoleaceae (Lepicolea ochroleuca (Spreng.) Spruce [1, 2] Sendtnera ochroleuca (Spreng.) Nees [148]; records from Sri Lanka are based on misidentifications of L. yakusimensis fide Scott (1960)). 10 Long and Rubasinghe (Lepicolea scolopendra (Hook.) Dumort. [1, 2]; records from Sri Lanka are based on misidentifications of L. yakusimensis fide Scott (1960)). 51.1 Lepicolea yakusimensis (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. [80, 102, 117, 134, 169, 204]. Lepidoziaceae 52.1 Bazzania callida (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 130, 134, 169] Mastigobryum callidum Steph. [2, 224, 227] Mastigobryum intermedium Mitt. hom. illeg. [148, 227]; original material from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Stephani (1885). 52.2 Bazzania ceylanica (Mitt.) W.E.Nicholson [1, 2, 123, 152, 169] Mastigobryum ceylanicum Mitt. [148, 227]; type from Sri Lanka Bazzania grandistipula (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2] Mastigobryum grandistipulum Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Mizutani (1967a). Bazzania lacerostipula (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2] Mastigobryum lacerostipulum Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Mizutani (1967a) Bazzania stricta (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2] Mastigobryum strictum Steph. [225, 227]; syn. fide Mizutani (1967a) 52.3 Bazzania erosa (Nees) Trevis. [134] 52.4 Bazzania fleischeri (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2, 152, 169] Mastigobryum fleischeri Steph. [227]; syntype from Sri Lanka. 52.5 Bazzania gaudichaudii (Gottsche ex Steph.) Schiffn. [1, 2] Mastigobryum gaudichaudii Gottsche ex Steph. [227] 52.6 Bazzania japonica (Sande Lac.) Lindb. [169] 52.7 Bazzania obtusa D.G.Long & Rubasinghe, nom. nov. Mastigobryum obtusatum Mitt. [148, 227]; type from Sri Lanka Bazzania obtusata (Mitt.) Abeyw., hom. illeg. non Bazzania obtusata (Taylor) Kuntze [1, 2, 80, 169]; see Appendix I for formal treatment. 52.8 Bazzania oshimensis (Steph.) Horik. [165, 169, 205] 52.9 Bazzania ovistipula (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2, 132, 134, 152, 165, 169, 205] Mastigobryum ovistipulum Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka. 52.10 Bazzania pearsonii Steph. [152, 165, 205] Bazzania rotundistipula (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2, 130] Mastigobryum rotundistipulum Steph. [227]; syntype from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Mizutani (1967a) Mastigobryum wichurae Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Mizutani (1967a). Pleuroschisma wichurae (Steph.) Reimers [195]; according to Reimers (1931) the Wichura type specimen, wrongly cited by Stephani from China, is from Sri Lanka. 52.11 Bazzania praerupta (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis. [2, 130, 152, 165, 169, 189, 205] Mastigobryum praeruptum Reinw., Blume & Nees [148] Bazzania decurva (Nees) Kuntze [1, 2]; syn. fide Onraedt (1981). Mastigobryum decurvum Nees [45, 148, 227]; syntype from Sri Lanka. Bazzania sandei (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2] Mastigobryum sandei Steph. [227]; syn. fide Onraedt (1981). 52.12 Bazzania rabenhorstii (Steph.) Abeyw. [1, 2] Mastigobryum rabenhorstii Steph. [227]; type from Sri Lanka. 52.13 Bazzania spiralis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Meijer [169] 52.14 Bazzania tridens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis. [80, 152, 169, 189, 205] Bazzania oblonga (Mitt.) Schiffn. [1, 2]; syn. fide Onraedt (1981). 52.15 Bazzania vittata (Gottsche) Trevis. [1, 2, 169] Mastigobryum vittatum Gottsche [148, 227] 53.1 Hygrolembidium boschianum (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust. [2, 121, 169, 184, 203] 54.1 Lepidozia plumula Herz. [103]; type from Sri Lanka. 54.2 Lepidozia subintegra Lindenb. [154] 55.1 Neolepidozia wallichiana (Gottsche) Fulford & J.Taylor Telaranea wallichiana (Gottsche) R.M.Schust. [39] Lepidozia wallichiana Gottsche [1, 2, 37, 148, 169, 177, 205] 56.1 Telaranea major (Herz.) J.J.Engel & G.L.Merr. [39] Arachniopsis major Herz. [37, 180] Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 11 57.1 Tricholepidozia neesii (Lindenb.) E.D.Cooper Lepidozia neesii Lindenb. [1, 2, 227] 57.2 Tricholepidozia semperiana (Steph.) E.D.Cooper Telaranea semperiana (Steph.) Del Ros. [39, 169] Lepidozia semperiana Steph. [1, 2, 227]; syntype from Sri Lanka. Lophocoleaceae 58.1 Cryptolophocolea ciliolata (Nees) L.Söderstr., Crand.-Stotl., Stotler & Váňa Lophocolea ciliolata (Nees) Gottsche [1, 2, 148, 169, 179, 200, 227] Chiloscyphus ciliolatus (Nees) J.J.Engel & R.M.Schust. [102] 58.2 Cryptolophocolea fleischeri (Steph.) L.Söderstr. [218] Lophocolea fleischeri Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka Chiloscyphus ceylonensis J.J.Engel, nom. nov. for Lophocolea fleischeri; type from Sri Lanka 59.1 Heteroscyphus argutus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn. [169, 179, 186] Chiloscyphus argutus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees [80] 59.2 Heteroscyphus fleischeri (Steph.) D.G.Long & Rubasinghe, comb. nov. Chiloscyphus fleischeri Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; see Appendix I for formal treatment. 59.3 Heteroscyphus perfoliatus (Mont.) Schiffn. Chiloscyphus perfoliatus (Mont.) Nees [148, 169] (Heteroscyphus splendens (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Grolle Chiloscyphus decurrens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees [1, 2, 123]; syn. fide Piippo (1990); the cited source of this report (Stephani, 1898–1925) does not contain any record from Sri Lanka.) 59.4 Heteroscyphus tener (Steph.) Schiffn. [51, 187, 219] 59.5 Heteroscyphus tridentatus (Sande Lac.) Grolle [37] 60.1 Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dumort. sens.lat. [50] Lophocolea cuspidata (Nees) Limpr. [169]; syn. fide Paton (1999) 60.2 Lophocolea javanica Schiffn. [169, 179] 60.3 Lophocolea kurzii Sande Lac. [1, 2, 133, 169] Chiloscyphus kurzii (Sande Lac.) J.J.Engel & R.M.Schust. [186] Lophocolea peradeniensis Steph. [1, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Kitagawa (1973). 60.4 Lophocolea muricata (Lehm.) Nees [169] (Saccogyna viticulosa (Sm.) Dumort. [1]; a north temperate species known from Europe and Macaronesia (Paton, 1999); this report is considered to be erroneous.) Lophoziaceae s.str. 61.1 Andrewsianthus puniceus (Nees) R.M. Schust. ex Grolle [2, 121, 132, 134, 169] Lunulariaceae 62.1 Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dumort. [1, 2, 169, 199] Marchantiaceae 63.1 Marchantia acaulis Steph. [20] 63.2 Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees subsp. emarginata [20, 22] Marchantia amboinensis Nees & Mont. [1, 2, 169, 199]; syn. fide Bischler (1989) Marchantia palmata Nees [1, 2, 80, 169, 199]; syn. fide Bischler (1989) (Marchantia geminata Reinw., Blume & Nees [1, 2, 128]; records probably refer to M. acaulis fide Bischler (1989)) (Marchantia linearis Lehm. & Lindenb. [1, 2, 128, 148]; records from Sri Lanka are considered to be M. papillata subsp. grossibarba by Bischler (1989)) 63.3 Marchantia paleacea Bertol. [199]; not confirmed from Sri Lanka by Bischler (1989). 63.4 Marchantia papillata Raddi subsp. grossibarba (Steph.) Bischl. [20] 63.5 Marchantia pappeana Lehm. subsp. robusta (Steph.) Bischl. [20] Marchantia robusta Steph. [23]; type from Sri Lanka (Bischler, 1989)], though type locality erroneously reported as Java by Stephani in Bonner (1953). 63.6 Marchantia polymorpha L. [1, 2, 128]; not confirmed from Sri Lanka by Bischler (1989) and records not assigned to subspecies. 12 Long and Rubasinghe Mastigophoraceae 64.1 Mastigophora aequifolia Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka. 64.2 Mastigophora diclados (Brid. ex F.Weber) Nees [1, 2, 37, 98, 169] Sendtnera diclados (Brid. ex F.Weber) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees [148] Mesoptychiaceae 65.1 Liochlaena subulata (A. Evans) Schljakov Jungermannia subulata A. Evans [74, 134, 169, 242] Jungermannia leiantha Grolle subsp. stephanii (Amak.) S.Hatt. [80]; syn. fide Váňa (1973). Metzgeriaceae (Metzgeria albinea Spruce [140, 182]; reports of this neotropical species probably refer to M. foliicola (So, 2002)). 66.1 Metzgeria ciliata Raddi [30] Metzgeria decipiens (C.Massal.) Schiffn. & Gottsche [2, 140, 142, 169, 182]; syn. fide Costa (2008). 66.2 Metzgeria conjugata Lindb. [30] Metzgeria lindbergii Schiffn. [33, 142, 169, 210]; syn. fide Costa (2008). 66.3 Metzgeria consanguinea Schiffn. [30, 33, 139, 141, 142, 182] 66.4 Metzgeria crassipilis (Lindb.) A.Evans [210]; 66.5 Metzgeria foliicola Schiffn. [142, 169]; syn. fide Kuwahara (1984a). (Metzgeria furcata (L.) Dumort. [33, 142, 169, 199]; records from Sri Lanka probably refer to M. ciliata (Costa, 2008)). 66.6 Metzgeria latifrons Steph. [1, 2, 128, 227]; syntype from Sri Lanka 66.7 Metzgeria lechleri Steph. [30] Metzgeria vivipara A.Evans [142, 169]; syn. fide Costa (2008). 66.8 Metzgeria leptoneura Spruce [210] Metzgeria borneensis Kuwah. [141]; syn. fide So (2003b). Metzgeria subhamata S.Hatt. [2, 121, 145]; syn. fide So (2003b). Metzgeria luzonensis Kuwah. [142, 169]; syn. fide So (2003b). Metzgeria papulosa Steph. [1, 2]; syn. fide So (2003b). Notoscyphaceae 67.1 Notoscyphus lutescens (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Mitt. [80] Gymnanthe lutescens (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Mitt. [148] Notoscyphus paroicus Schiffn. [1, 2, 169, 227, 239]; syn. fide Váňa & Long (2009). Pallaviciniaceae 68.1 Jensenia decipiens (Mitt.) Grolle [66, 128] Pallavicinia decipiens (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 227] Steetzia decipiens Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka. 69.1 Pallavicinia indica Schiffn. [2, 128] 69.2 Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook.) Gray [1, 2, 128, 169, 199] Steetzia lyellii (Hook.) Lehm. [148] Plagiochilaceae (Plagiochila acuta Steph. [1, 2, 227]; these records are based on a misidentification of the Sri Lankan syntype collected by Nietner which is P. microdonta (Inoue, 1979)). 70.1 Plagiochila arbuscula (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Lindenb Plagiochila belangeriana Lindenb. [80]; syn. fide Inoue (1984). 70.2 Plagiochila bantamensis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. [71, 120, 207] Plagiochila lobulata Schiffn. [80, 118, 169]; syn. fide Inoue (1984) Plagiochila onraedtii Inoue [118, 169]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide So & Grolle (2000a) 70.3 Plagiochila ceylanica Mitt. [1, 2, 118, 148, 169, 227]; syntypes and lectotype (Inoue, 1979) from Sri Lanka. Plagiochila macrantha Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Inoue (1979) Plagiochila neutiana Steph. [1, 2, 116, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Inoue (1979). 70.4 Plagiochila devexa Steph. [194, 207, 215] Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 13 (Plagiochila elegans Mitt. [194]; this report cites a specimen from Sri Lanka in Mitten's herbarium (NY) but Mitten (1860–1861) did not mention any such specimen; a Sino-Himalayan species.) 70.5 Plagiochila exigua (Taylor) Taylor [207] 70.6 Plagiochila flexuosa Mitt. [72, 80, 118, 120, 169, 194, 207] Plagiochila rufa Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Inoue (1979). 70.7 Plagiochila frondescens (Nees) Lindenb. [1, 2, 118, 120, 181, 227] 70.8 Plagiochila ghatiensis Steph. [207] Plagiochila acutiloba Inoue [118, 169]; syn. fide Grolle & So (1998). Tylimanthus indicus Steph.; syn. fide Inoue (1979). 70.9 Plagiochila gracilis Lindenb. & Gottsche [80, 120, 194, 207] Plagiochila firma Mitt. [118, 169]; syn. fide Inoue (1984) 70.10 Plagiochila gymnoclada Sande Lac. [118, 120, 181] 70.11 Plagiochila integrilobula Inoue [118, 120, 169, 191] (Plagiochila javanica (Sw.) Nees & Mont. [1, 2, 227]; records should be referred to P. neutiana (Inoue, 1969) which is a synonym of P. ceylanica) 70.12 Plagiochila khasiana Mitt. [73, 148, 194, 207]; syntype from Sri Lanka 70.13 Plagiochila kurzii Steph. [207] Plagiochila meijeri Inoue [118]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide So (2001). (Plagiochila liebmanniana Lehm. & Lindenb. [1, 35, 227]; these reports were rejected as misidentifications by Inoue (1979), specimens are P. flexuosa) 70.14 Plagiochila microdonta Mitt. [1, 2, 118, 148, 169, 214, 227]; syntype from Sri Lanka. Plagiochila aciculifera Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Inoue (1979) (Plagiochila microphylla Steph. Inoue (1981) gave P. wichurae as a synonym of P. microphylla but it belongs to P. renitens). (Plagiochila monticola Gottsche nom. nud. non Schiffn. [44]; identity unknown) (Plagiochila nobilis Gottsche [1, 2, 227]; record doubtful fide Inoue (1979) and not recorded from Sri Lanka by Inoue (1984).) 70.15 Plagiochila parvifolia Lindenb. [194] Plagiochila ventricosa Steph. [1, 120, 207, 227]; syntype from Sri Lanka (Inoue, 1979); syn. fide So & Grolle (2000) Plagiochila pseudoventricosa Inoue [2, 113, 118, 169]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Inoue (1984).] 70.16 Plagiochila peradenyensis Schiffn. [1, 2, 70, 73, 118, 201, 216, 227]; type from Sri Lanka. Plagiochila ramenticaulis Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Inoue (1979) 70.17 Plagiochila renitens (Nees) Lindenb. [181, 212] Plagiochila aequalis Mitt. [1, 35, 118, 148, 169, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Inoue (1984) Plagiochila wichurae Steph. [119]; type from Sri Lanka (Reimers, 1931) though wrongly cited by Stephani as China; syn. fide So & Grolle (2000a). 70.18 Plagiochila sciophila Nees ex Lindenb. [207, 212] Plagiochila acanthophylla Gottsche [118, 169]; syn. fide Inoue (1984) Plagiochila cadens Inoue [118, 120, 169]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide So & Grolle (1999, 2000a). (Plagiochila semidecurrens Lehm. & Lindenb. [1, 2, 227, 194]; this Sino-Himalayan species was recorded from Sri Lanka as var. major Lindenb.; the specimen may have originated from Hooker (Gottsche et al., 1844; Inoue, 1965a); records are considered doubtful (Inoue, 1979) as it has not been recollected in Sri Lanka. Inoue (1968) placed P. aequalis as a synonym of P. semidecurrens but later (Inoue, 1984) transferred it to P. renitens). 70.19 Plagiochila sisparensis Steph. [72] Plagiochila parvidentata Inoue [37, 118, 169]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Grolle & So (1999b) (Plagiochila spinulosa (Dicks.) Dumort. [199]; a European and Macaronesian species not known in Asia (So & Grolle, 2000a); identification considered erroneous) (Plagiochila wightii Lindenb. [148]; record rejected by So & Grolle (2001)) 71.1 Plagiochilion braunianum (Nees) S.Hatt. [2, 111, 118, 169, 181] Plagiochila brauniana Nees [1, 110, 148, 200, 227] 71.2 Plagiochilion oppositum (Reinw., Blume & Nees) S.Hatt. [2, 80, 111, 118, 169, 181, 193] Plagiochila opposita (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Lindenb. [1, 35, 44, 110, 148, 195, 227]; Plagiochila zygophylla Taylor [45]; syn. fide So & Grolle (2000a) Note: a Wichura specimen from Sri Lanka was erroneously given as China by Stephani (1898–1925). 14 Long and Rubasinghe Pleuroziaceae 72.1 Pleurozia acinosa (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 195, 227, 233] Physiotium acinosum Mitt. [122, 148]; syntypes and lectotype from Sri Lanka (Thiers, 1993). 72.2 Pleurozia gigantea (F.Weber) Lindb. [1, 2, 52, 98, 169, 176, 195, 233]; the Wichura specimen from Sri Lanka was erroneously given as China by Stephani (1898–1925) according to Reimers (1931). Physotium giganteum F.Weber [122] Physotium sphagnoides A.Rich. ex Nees, nom. illeg. [148] 72.3 Pleurozia subinflata (Austin) Austin [233] Pleurozia microcarpa (J.B.Jack) Steph. [1, 2, 227] Physotium microcarpum J.B.Jack [122]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Thiers (1993). Porellaceae 73.1 Porella acutifolia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trevis. [81, 92, 169, 176, 188] Madotheca acutifolia Lehm. & Lindenb. [1, 2, 148, 195, 227] 73.2a Porella caespitans Steph. subsp. latior (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. [90] Porella acutifolia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trevis. subsp. latior S.Hatt. [81, 92]; type from Sri Lanka 73.2b Porella caespitans (Steph.) S.Hatt. subsp. latior (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. var. intermedia (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. [169] Porella acutifolia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trevis. subsp. latior S.Hatt. var. intermedia S.Hatt. [81, 92] 73.3 Porella japonica (Sande Lac.) Mitt. [169]. 73.4 Porella madgascariensis (Nees & Mont.) Trevis. [79, 81, 92, 169, 188] Madotheca nilgheriensis Mont. [1, 2]; syn. fide Hattori (1967) 73.5 Porella perottetiana (Mont.) Trevis. [92, 169, 188] Madotheca perrottetiana Mont. [1, 2, 110, 227] Madotheca ciliaris Nees [148]; syn. fide Stephani (1898–1925). Radulaceae 74.1 Radula acuminata Steph. [33, 37, 169, 170, 193, 234] 74.2 Radula amentulosa Mitt. [169, 170, 252, 255, 257, 258] 74.3 Radula assamica Steph. [33, 170, 191, 252, 255, 267] 74.4 Radula ceylanica K.Yamada [169, 170, 252, 255]; type from Sri Lanka. 74.5 Radula cordata Mitt. [37, 227]; earlier reports of this species [1, 2, 252] were based on a specimen of R. kurzii fide Yamada (1979a). 74.6 Radula formosa (Meissn.) Nees [1, 2, 26, 29, 148, 169, 170, 227, 252, 255, 257, 258] 74.7 Radula javanica Gottsche [1, 2, 37, 45, 148, 169, 170, 197, 211, 252, 255, 258]; syntype from Sri Lanka Radula nietneri Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Yamada (1979a) Radula colliculosa Mitt. [29, 148]; syntypes from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Onraedt (1983). 74.8 Radula kurzii Steph. [28, 29, 37, 123, 169, 170, 252, 255] Radula speciosa Gottsche ex Steph. [1, 2, 44, 223, 227, 252a]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide Verdoorn (1934). 74.9 Radula madagascariensis Gottsche [169, 170, 252, 255, 258] 74.10 Radula nymanii Steph. [169, 170] 74.11 Radula obscura Mitt. [33, 170, 252, 255] 74.12 Radula onraedtii K.Yamada [169, 170, 256]; type from Sri Lanka. 74.13 Radula retroflexa Taylor [169, 170, 252, 255, 258] 74.14 Radula sandei Steph. [29, 252b] 74.15 Radula subpallens Steph. [1, 2, 27, 29, 170, 227, 255, 258]; syntype from Sri Lanka. 74.16 Radula tabularis Steph. [170] 74.17 Radula tjibodensis K.I.Goebel [33, 169, 170] 74.18 Radula ventricosa Steph. [27, 29, 170, 255, 258] 74.19 Radula yangii K.Yamada [169, 170, 255, 257] Radula pinnulata Yang nom. illeg. fide Yamada (1979a). Ricciaceae 75.1 Riccia attenuata Pandé [2, 128] 75.2 Riccia billardieri Mont. & Nees [1, 2, 125, 128, 174] 73.3 Riccia crispatula Mitt. [1, 2, 128, 148, 174, 220, 227]; type from Sri Lanka. Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 15 75.4 Riccia discolor Lehm. & Lindenb. [2, 128, 169] 75.5 Riccia huebeneriana Lindenb. [37] 75.6 Riccia sorocarpa Bisch. [169] Scapaniaceae 76.1 Diplophyllum nanum Herzog [169, 178, 222] 77.1 Scapania lepida Mitt. [1, 2, 148, 169, 227]; type from Sri Lanka. Schistochilaceae 78.1 Schistochila aligera (Nees & Blume) J.B.Jack & Steph. [1, 2, 110, 123, 169, 176, 209, 227] Gottschea aligera Nees & Blume [43, 148] Schistochila commutata Steph. [227]; syntype from Sri Lanka; syn. fide So (2003a) Schistochila fleischeri Steph. [1, 2, 227]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide So (2003a) Schistochila philippinensis (Mont.) J.B.Jack & Steph. [1, 2, 25, 101, 169, 176]; syn. fide So (2003a) Gottschea philippinensis Mont. [43] Note: S. aligera and S. philippinensis are sometimes kept separate (Gao & Wu, 2004). (Schistochila neesii (Mont.) Trevis. [1, 2, 25]; reports from Sri Lanka are based on specimens of S. aligera fide So (2003a)) 78.2 Schistochila sciurea (Nees) Schiffn. [1, 2, 25, 80, 134, 169, 209] Schistochila thwaitesii (Mitt.) Steph. [1, 2, 37, 227] Gottschea thwaitesii Mitt. [148]; type from Sri Lanka; syn. fide So (2003a). Solenostomataceae 79.1 Solenostoma appressifolium (Mitt.) Váňa & D. G. Long Jungermannia appressifolia Mitt. [6, 169, 241, 245] 79.2 Solenostoma ariadne (Taylor ex Lehm.) R. M. Schust ex Váňa & D. G. Long Jungermannia ariadne Taylor ex Lehm. [169] 79.3 Solenostoma borneense (Amakawa) Váňa, Hentschel & J. Heinrichs Jungermannia borneensis Amakawa [169] (Solenostoma comatum (Nees) C.Gao Jungermannia comata Nees [1, 2, 227]; Váňa (1972) rejected all records of this species from Sri Lanka) 79.4 Solenostoma hasskarlianum (Nees) R.M.Schust. ex Váňa & D.G.Long Jungermannia hasskarliana (Nees) Steph. [1, 2, 6, 199, 241, 245] 79.5 Solenostoma javanicum (Schiffn.) Steph. Jungermannia herzogiana Váňa [169, 245]; syn. fide Váňa & Piippo (1989). (Solenostoma obovatum (Nees) R.M.Schust. Jungermannia obovata Nees [199]. A north temperate species not known in tropical Asia (Paton, 1999); report considered erroneous.) 79.6 Solenostoma polyrhizoides (Grolle ex Amakawa) Váňa & D. G. Long Jungermannia polyrhizoides Grolle ex Amakawa [169] 79.7 Solenostoma strictum (Schiffn.) Váňa, Hentschel & J.Heinrichs Jungermannia stricta (Schiffn.) Steph. [245] 79.8 Solenostoma tetragonum (Lindenb.) R. M. Schust. ex Váňa & D. G. Long Jungermannia tetragona Lindenb. [6, 169, 241, 245] 79.9 Solenostoma truncatum (Nees) R. M. Schust. ex Váňa & D. G. Long Jungermannia truncata Nees [5, 134, 245] Jungermannia polyrhiza Hook. ex Lehm. & Lindenb. [80, 148, 169]; syn. fide Amakawa (1972). Southbyaceae 80.1 Southbya organensis Herzog [243] Southbya grollei N.Kitag. [169, 178]; syn. fide Váňa et al. (2012) Targioniaceae 81.1 Targionia hypophylla L. [1, 2] Trichocoleaceae 82.1 Trichocolea pluma (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. [1, 2, 123, 169] 16 Long and Rubasinghe HORNWORTS Anthocerotaceae 83.1 Anthoceros agrestis Paton Aspiromitus punctatus (L.) Schljakov subsp. agrestis (Paton) R.M.Schust. [202] 83.2 Anthoceros erectus Kashyap [1, 2, 128] 84.1 Folioceros amboinensis (Schiffn.) Piippo [185] Anthoceros amboinensis Schiffn. [1, 2, 128] Folioceros spinisporus (Steph.) D.C. Bharadwaj [7]; syn. fide Piippo (1993a) Folioceros mamillisporus (D.C.Bharadwaj) D.C.Bharadwaj; syn. fide Bharadwaj (1973) Anthoceros mamillisporus (D.C.Bharadwaj) D.C.Bharadwaj [2, 128] Aspiromitus mamillisporus D.C.Bharadwaj [13, 14]; type from Sri Lanka. 85.1 Phaeoceros carolinianus (Michx.) Prosk. Phaeoceros laevis (L.) Prosk. subsp. carolinianus (Michx.) Prosk. [128, 169] Anthoceros communis Steph. [1, 2]; syn. fide Hasegawa (1984). (Phaeoceros laevis (L.) Prosk. [1, 2]; records probably refer to P. carolinianus.) Dendrocerotaceae 86.1 Dendroceros borbonicus Steph. [77] CONCLUSIONS Abeywickrama & Jansen (1978a) published the only previous checklist of liverworts and hornworts of Sri Lanka. They reported 66 genera and 183 species of liverworts and 3 genera and 5 species of hornworts. The present list has increased these totals to 82 genera and 327 species of liverworts and 4 genera and 5 species of hornworts. The main reason for these changes is the numerous publications resulting from new field investigations over the past 36 years by many bryologists, mostly from other countries. These activities have been summarized by Rubasinghe & Long (2014). However, a number of early reports were not available to Abeywickrama & Jansen (1978a) and these have now been incorporated. Also, a number of species accepted by Abeywickrama & Jansen (1978a) have since been relegated to synonymy (e.g. the synonyms of Folioceros amboinensis) and others are considered doubtful, such as Saccogyna viticulosa. The largest family of liverworts by far is the Lejeuneaceae with 25 genera and 138 species, including the largest genus Cololejeunea with 36 species. Outside the Lejeuneaceae the largest genera are Frullania with 28 species and Plagiochila with 19 accepted species. Complex thalloid liverworts are poorly represented with 10 genera and 20 species of which the largest are Marchantia and Riccia, both with 6 species. Why the simple thalloid genus Riccardia (with only two species) is so poorly represented is puzzling, and surely others have been overlooked. These totals clearly indicate that the most important habitats in Sri Lanka for liverworts are the wet evergreen forests with numerous small species, particularly epiphyllous Lejeuneaceae. However, further work in other habitats will surely reveal more species of hornworts and complex thalloid liverworts. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The library staff at the Royal Botanic Gardens at Edinburgh and Kew are thanked for bibliographic help and staff at the National Herbarium, Peradeniya, for information on early collectors and their collections at PDA. Lars Söderström, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, is thanked for his major input into numerous taxonomic clarifications and addition of many published reports, and other valuable comments. REFERENCES [1] Abeywickrama, B.A. 1959. The genera of the liverworts of Ceylon. Ceylon Journal of Science, Biological Sciences 2: 33–81. [2] Abeywickrama, B.A. & Jansen, M.A.B. 1978a. Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka A check list of the liverworts of Sri Lanka. UNESCO: Man and the Biosphere National Committee for Sri Lanka Publication 1: 1–10. [3] Abeywickrama, B.A. & Jansen, M.A.B. 1978b. A check list of the mosses of Sri Lanka. UNESCO: Man and the Biosphere National Committee for Sri Lanka Publication 2: 1–25. [4] Alam, A., Vats, S. & Behera, K.K. 2012. Exormotheca ceylonensis Meijer - a threatened liverwort in India, rediscovered in Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu. Journal of threatened taxa 4: 2593–2595. 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Nova Hedwigia 75: 387–408. APPENDIX I – FORMAL TAXONOMIC CHANGES 26 Long and Rubasinghe Bazzania obtusa D.G.Long & Rubasinghe, nom. nov. for Mastigobryum obtusatum Mitt., Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society 5: 106. 1860. Syn.: Bazzania obtusata (Mitt.) Abeyw., Ceylon Journal of Science, Biological Sciences 2: 45. 1959, hom. illeg. non Bazzania obtusata (Taylor) Kuntze, Revisio Generum Plantarum 833. 1891. The plant described by Mitten (1960–1861) as Mastigobryum obtusatum Mitt. belongs to the genus Bazzania, and the combination Bazzania obtusata was made by Abeywickrama and Jansen (1978a). However this is illegitimate due to the existence of the earlier Bazzania obtusata (Taylor) Kuntze. The substitute name Bazzania obtusa is therefore proposed. Heteroscyphus fleischeri (Steph.) D.G.Long & Rubasinghe, comb. nov. Basionym: Chiloscyphus fleischeri Steph., Species Hepaticarum 6: 306. 1922. Type citation: ‘Insula Ceylon (Fleischer legit)'. The genus Chiloscyphus Corda has been subdivided in various ways in the past, but the segregate genus Heteroscyphus Schiffn. is now widely accepted as one of these, with four other species recognised in Sri Lanka. From Stephani’s description (Stephani 1898–1925) Chilscyphus fleischeri belongs to Heteroscyphus and is therefore formally transferred to that genus. APPENDIX II – INDEX OF ACCEPTED NAMES AND SYNONYMS Accepted names are given in bold italics; synonyms in italics. Acanthocoleus gilvus (Gottsche) Kruijt 26.1 Acrolejeunea emergens (Mitt.) Steph. 27.1 Acrolejeunea planiuscula (Mitt.) Steph. 27.2 Acrolejeunea pycnoclada (Taylor) Schiffn. 27.3 Anastrophyllum bidens (Reinw, Blume & Nees) Steph. = 7.1 Anastrophyllum imbricatum (Wilson ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Steph. 5.1 Anastrophyllum piligerum (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Steph. 5.2 Andrewsianthus puniceus (Nees) R.M. Schust. ex Grolle 61.1 Aneura pinguis (L.) Dumort. 8.1 Anthoceros agrestis Paton 83.1 Anthoceros amboinensis Schiffn. = 84.1 Anthoceros communis Steph. = 85.1 Anthoceros erectus Kashyap 83.2 Anthoceros mamillisporus (D.C.Bharadwaj) D.C.Bharadwaj = 84.1 Arachniopsis major Herz. = 56.1 Archilejeunea mariana (Gottsche) Steph. = 46.1 Aspiromitus mamillisporus D.C.Bharadwaj = 84.1 Aspiromitus punctatus (L.) Schljakov subsp. agrestis (Paton) R.M.Schust. = 83.1 Bazzania callida (Steph.) Abeyw. 52.1 Bazzania ceylanica (Mitt.) W.E.Nicholson 52.2 Bazzania decurva (Nees) Kuntze = 52.11 Bazzania erosa (Nees) Trevis. 52.3 Bazzania fleischeri (Steph.) Abeyw. 52.4 Bazzania gaudichaudii (Gottsche ex Steph.) Schiffn. 52.5 Bazzania grandistipula (Steph.) Abeyw. = 52.2 Bazzania japonica (Sande Lac.) Lindb. 52.6 Bazzania lacerostipula (Steph.) Abeyw. = 52.2 Bazzania oblonga (Mitt.) Schiffn. = 52.14 Bazzania obtusa D.G.Long & Rubasinghe 52.7 Bazzania obtusata (Mitt.) Abeyw. = 52.7 Bazzania oshimensis (Steph.) Horik. 52.8 Bazzania ovistipula (Steph.) Abeyw. 52.9 Bazzania pearsonii Steph. 52.10 Bazzania praerupta (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis. 52.11 Bazzania rabenhorstii (Steph.) Abeyw. 52.12 Bazzania rotundistipula (Steph.) Abeyw. = 52.10 Bazzania sandei (Steph.) Abeyw. = 52.11 Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka Bazzania spiralis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Meijer 52.13 Bazzania stricta (Steph.) Abeyw. = 52.2 Bazzania tridens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis. 52.14 Bazzania vittata (Gottsche) Trevis. 52.15 Blasia pusilla L. 12.1 Brachiolejeunea sandvicensis (Gottsche) A.Evans = 49.2 Calypogeia alternifolia (Nees) Steph. = 14.1 Calypogeia apiculata (Steph.) Steph. 13.1 Calypogeia arguta Nees & Mont. 13.2 Calypogeia baldwinii Aust. = 15.1 Calypogeia ceylanca S.Hatt. & Mizut. 13.3 Calypogeia fissa (L.) Raddi 13.4 Calypogeia fragilis (Steph.) Inoue & H.A.Miller 13.5 Calypogeia fusca (Lehm.) Steph. = 15.1 Campylolejeunea inflectens (Mitt.) Mizut. = 30.16 Caudalejeunea cristiloba (Steph.) Gradst. 28.1 Caudalejeunea lessonii Steph. = 28.2 Caudalejeunea reniloba (Gottsche) Steph. 28.2 Cephalozia willisana Steph. = 17.1 Cephaloziella kiaeri (Austin) Pearson = 17.1 Cephaloziella willisana (Steph.) N.Kitag. = 17.1 Ceratolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. = 33.9 Chandonanthus birmensis Steph. = 6.1 Chandonanthus hirtellus (F.Weber) Mitt. = 6.2 Cheilolejeunea ceylanica (Gottsche) R.M.Schust. & Kachroo 29.1 Cheilolejeunea decurrens (Sande Lac.) X.-L. He 29.2 Cheilolejeunea decursiva (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust. 29.3 Cheilolejeunea gardneri (Mitt.) Mizut. 29.4 Cheilolejeunea imbricata (Nees) S.Hatt. 29.5 Cheilolejeunea intertexta (Lindenb.) Steph. 29.6 Cheilolejeunea krakakammae (Lindenb.) R.M.Schust. 29.7 Cheilolejeunea kurzii Steph. = 29.6 Cheilolejeunea lindenbergii (Gottsche) Mizut. 29.8 Cheilolejeunea longiloba (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) J.J.Engel & B.C.Tan 29.9 Cheilolejeunea nietneri (Steph.) Mizut. 29.10 Cheilolejeunea riparia (Mitt.) M.E.Reiner 35.16 Cheilolejeunea serpentina (Mitt.) Mizut. 29.11 Cheilolejeunea streimannii Pócs & Ninh 29.12 Cheilolejeunea subopaca (Mitt.) Mizut. 29.13 Cheilolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Mizut. 29.14 Cheilolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Mizut. var. ceylanica (Gottsche) A.E.D.Daniels & Kariyappa = 29.1 Cheilolejeunea trifaria (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mizut. 29.15 Cheilolejeunea vittata (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) R.M.Schust. & Kachroo 29.16 Chiloscyphus argutus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees = 59.1 Chiloscyphus ceylonensis J.J.Engel = 58.2 Chiloscyphus ciliolatus (Nees) J.J.Engel & R.M.Schust. = 58.1 Chiloscyphus fleischeri Steph. = 59.2 Chiloscyphus kurzii (Sande Lac.) J.J.Engel & R.M.Schust. = 60.3 Chiloscyphus perfoliatus (Mont.) Nees = 59.3 Cololejeiunea vesicaria (Sande Lac.) Benedix 30.35 Cololejeunea amoena Benedix 30.1 Cololejeunea appressa (A.Evans) Benedix 30.2 Cololejeunea bolombensis (Steph.) Vanden Berghen = 30.17 Cololejeunea ceratilobula (P.C.Chen) R.M.Schust. 30.3 Cololejeunea ceylanica Onr. 30.4 Cololejeunea cordiflora Steph. 30.5 Cololejeunea desciscens Steph. 30.6 Cololejeunea falcata (Horik.) Benedix 30.7 27 28 Long and Rubasinghe Cololejeunea falcatoides Benedix = 30.7 Cololejeunea fissilobula Herz. 30.8 Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. 30.9 Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. var. aurita Benedix 30.9a Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. var. trivitata Tixier 30.9b Cololejeunea formosana Mizut. = 30.6 Cololejeunea fredericii Onr. 30.10 Cololejeunea gottschei (Steph.) Mizut. 30.11 Cololejeunea gynophthalma Benedix 30.12 Cololejeunea haskarliana (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. 30.13 Cololejeunea hinidumae Onr. 30.14 Cololejeunea inflata Steph. 30.15 Cololejeunea inflectens (Mitt.) Benedix 30.16 Cololejeunea lanciloba Steph. 30.17 Cololejeunea leonidens Benedix var. saccata Benedix 30.18 Cololejeunea longifolia (Mitt.) Benedix ex Mizut. 30.19 Cololejeunea metzgeriopsis (K.I.Goebel) Gradst., R.Wilson, Ilkiu-Borges & J. Heinrichs 30.20 Cololejeunea minutissima (Sm.) Schiffn. 30.21 Cololejeunea obliqua (Nees & Mont.) Schiffn. 30.22 Cololejeunea oshimensis (Horik.) Benedix = 30.15 Cololejeunea peraffinis (Schiffn.) Schiffn. 30.23 Cololejeunea perakensis Tixier 30.24 Cololejeunea planissima (Mitt.) Abeyw. 30.25 Cololejeunea pluripunctata Benedix 30.26 Cololejeunea pretiosa Benedix 30.27 Cololejeunea pseudofloccosa (Horik.) Benedix 30.28 Cololejeunea scabrifolia Schiffn., nom. inval. = 30.22 Cololejeunea schmidtii Steph. 30.29 Cololejeunea serrata (Steph.) Benedix 30.30 Cololejeunea taprobanea Tixier 30.31 Cololejeunea tenella Benedix 30.32 Cololejeunea triapiculata (Herzog) Tixier 30.33 Cololejeunea trichomanis (Gottsche) Steph. subsp. cordiflora (Steph.) Pócs 30.34 Cololejeunea vidaliana Tixier 30.36 Colura acroloba (Mont. ex Steph.) Ast 31.1 Colura acutifolia Ast. = 31.5 Colura ari (Steph.) Steph. 31.2 Colura brevistyla Herzog 31.3 Colura calyptrifolia (Hook.) Dumort. 31.4 Colura calyptrifolia (Hook.) Dumort. subsp. tenuicornis (A.Evans) Vanden Berghen = 31.11 Colura conica (Sande Lac) K.I.Goebel 31.5 Colura corynephora (Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Trevis. 31.6 Colura greig-smithii Ast 31.7 Colura javanica Steph. 31.8 Colura meijeri Ast 31.9 Colura ornata K.I.Goebel 31.10 Colura tenuicornis (A.Evans) Steph. 31.11 Colura verdoornii Herzog & Ast 31.12 Cryptolophocolea ciliolata (Nees) L.Söderstr., Crand.-Stotl., Stotler & Váňa 58.1 Cryptolophocolea fleischeri (Steph.) L.Söderstr. 58.2 Cuspidatula flexicaulis (Nees) Váňa & L.Söderstr. 2.1 Cyathodium cavernarum Kunze 19.1 Cyathodium smaragdinum Schiffn. ex Keissl. 19.2 Cylindrocolea kiaeri (Austin) Váňa 17.1 Dendroceros borbonicus Steph. 86.1 Denotarisia linguifolia (De Not.) Grolle 3.1 Dicranolejeunea gilva (Gottsche) Steph. = 26.1 Diplasiolejeunea cavifolia Steph. 32.1 Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka Diplasiolejeunea onraedtii Grolle 32.2 Diplasiolejeunea rudolphiana Steph. 32.3 Diplophyllum nanum Herzog 76.1 Drepanolejeunea angustifolia (Mitt.) Grolle 33.1 Drepanolejeunea fissicornua Steph. 33.2 Drepanolejeunea fleischeri (Steph.) Grolle & R.L.Zhu 33.3 Drepanolejeunea macrodonta (Mitt.) Steph. 33.4 Drepanolejeunea micholitzii Steph. = 33.5 Drepanolejeunea micholitzii Steph. var. dactylophoroides Herzog = 33.5 Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla (Mont.) Steph. 33.5 Drepanolejeunea tenera K.I.Goebel 33.6 Drepanolejeunea ternatensis (Gottsche) Schiffn. 33.7 Drepanolejeunea teysmannii Steph. 33.8 Drepanolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. 33.9 Drepanolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. var. zhengii R.L.Zhu 33.9a Drepanolejeunea vesiculosa (Mitt.) Steph. 33.10 Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees. s.l. 20.1 Eulejeunea nietneri Steph. = 35.12 Euosmolejeunea serpentina (Mitt.) Steph. = 29.11 Euosmolejeunea trifaria (Reinw, Blume & Nees) Spruce = 29.15 Exormotheca ceylonensis Meijer 21.1 Folioceros amboinensis (Schiffn.) Piippo 84.1 Folioceros mamillisporus (D.C.Bharadwaj) D.C.Bharadwaj = 84.1 Folioceros spinisporus (Steph.) D.C. Bharadwaj = 84.1 Frullania acutiloba Mitt. 22.1 Frullania acutiloba Mitt. var. schiffneri Verd. = 22.19a Frullania alstonii Verd. 22.2 Frullania angustata Mitt. = 22.23a Frullania aperta Gottsche = 22.20 Frullania apiculata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. 22.3 Frullania apiculata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. var. goebelii Schiffn. 22.3a Frullania arecae (Spreng.) Gott. 22.4 Frullania brotheri Steph. 22.5 Frullania campanulata Sande Lac. 22.6 Frullania capilliformis Steph. 22.7 Frullania ceylanica Nees = 22.10 Frullania claviloba Steph. 22.8 Frullania ericoides (Nees) Mont. 22.9 Frullania explanata Mitt. = 22.15 Frullania galeata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. = 22.25 Frullania gaudichaudii (Nees & Mont.) Nees & Mont. var. ceylanica (Nees) S.Hatt. 22.10 Frullania gracilis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. 22.11 Frullania grandistipula Lindenb. 22.12 Frullania grandistipula Lindenb. var. rugosa (Mitt.) S.Hatt. = 22.12 Frullania hampeana Nees = 22.19 Frullania hampeana Nees var. acutiloba (Mitt.) S.Hatt. = 22.1 Frullania hottana S.Hatt. 22.13 Frullania hypoleuca Nees 22.14 Frullania intermedia (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. 22.15 Frullania laciniosa Lehm. = 22.9 Frullania latistipula Steph. = 22.26 Frullania meyeniana Lindenb. 22.16 Frullania microauriculata Verd. 22.17 Frullania microauriculata Verd. var. rotundior Verd. 22.17a Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. 22.18 Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. subsp. breviramea (Steph.) Verd. 22.18a Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. subsp. obscura Verd. 22.18b Frullania monocera (Taylor) Taylor 22.19 29 30 Long and Rubasinghe Frullania monocera (Taylor) Taylor var. schiffneri (Verd.) S.Hatt. 22.19a Frullania neurota Taylor 22.20 Frullania nietneri Gottsche ex Steph. = 22.10 Frullania nodulosa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees 22.21 Frullania orientalis Sande Lac. 22.22 Frullania pendula Mitt. = 22.27 Frullania perocellata Onr. = 22.2 Frullania polyptera Taylor 22.23 Frullania polyptera Taylor var. angustata (Mitt.) S.Hatt. 22.23a Frullania ramuligera (Nees) Mont. 22.24 Frullania riojaneirensis (Raddi) Spruce 22.25 Frullania rugosa Mitt. = 22.12 Frullania serrata Gottsche 22.26 Frullania serrata Gottsche forma crispulodentata Verd. 22.26a Frullania squarrosa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees = 22.9 Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. subsp. moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Kamimura = 22.18 Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. subsp. obscura (Verd.) S.Hatt. = 22.18b Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. subsp. obscura (Verd.) S.Hatt. var. breviramea (Steph.) S.Hatt. = 22.18a Frullania ternatensis Gottsche 22.27 Frullania thuilleri Nees = 22.21 Frullania trichodes Mitt. 22.28 Frullania vethii Sande Lac. = 22.28 Frullania wallichiana Mitt. = 22.4 Gottschea aligera Nees & Blume = 78.1 Gottschea philippinensis Mont. = 78.1 Gottschea thwaitesii Mitt. = 78.2 Gottschelia schizopleura (Spruce) Grolle 18.1 Gymnanthe lutescens (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Mitt. = 67.1 Harpalejeunea filicuspis (Steph.) Mizut. 34.1 Harpalejeunea indica Steph. = 35.11 Harpalejeunea nietneri Steph. = 29.10 Herbertus ceylanicus (Steph.) H.A.Miller 23.1 Herbertus dicranus (Taylor ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Trevis. 23.2 Herbertus perrottetii (Steph.) Abeyw. = 23.2 Herbertus ramosus (Steph.) H.A.Mill. 23.3 Heteroscyphus argutus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn. 59.1 Heteroscyphus fleischeri (Steph.) D.G.Long & Rubasinghe 59.2 Heteroscyphus perfoliatus (Mont.) Schiffn. 59.3 Heteroscyphus tener (Steph.) Schiffn. 59.4 Heteroscyphus tridentatus (Sande Lac.) Grolle 59.5 Hygrolejeunea discreta (Lindenb.) Steph. = 35.5 Hygrolejeunea lindenbergii (Gottsche) Steph. = 29.8 Hygrolembidium boschianum (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust. 53.1 Jackiella ceylanica Schiffn. ex Steph. 24.1 Jackiella javanica Schiffn. 24.2 Jamesoniella flexicaulis (Nees) Schiffn. = 2.1 Jamesoniella microphylla Schiffn. = 18.1 Jamesoniella ovifolia (Schiffn.) Schiffn. = 3.1 Jensenia decipiens (Mitt.) Grolle 68.1 Jubula hutchinsiae (Hook.) Dumort. subsp. javanica (Steph.) Verdoorn 25.1 Jungermannia appressifolia Mitt. = 79.1 Jungermannia ariadne Taylor ex Lehm. = 79.2 Jungermannia borneensis Amakawa = 79.3 Jungermannia ceylanica Gottsche nom. nud. ? = 18.1 Jungermannia ceylanica Steph. = 18.1 Jungermannia colorata Lehm. var. ceylanica Gottsche nom. nud. ? = 2.1 Jungermannia flexicaulis Nees = 2.1 Jungermannia hasskarliana (Nees) Steph. = 79.4 Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka Jungermannia herzogiana Váňa = 79.5 Jungermannia imbricata Wilson ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees = 5.1 Jungermannia leiantha Grolle subsp. stephanii (Amak.) S.Hatt. = 65.1 Jungermannia piligera Reinw., Blume & Nees = 5.2 Jungermannia polyrhiza Hook. ex Lehm. & Lindenb. = 79.9 Jungermannia polyrhizoides Grolle ex Amakawa = 79.6 Jungermannia stricta (Schiffn.) Steph. = 79.7 Jungermannia subulata A. Evans = 65.1 Jungermannia tetragona Lindenb. = 79.8 Jungermannia truncata Nees = 79.9 Lejeunea anisophylla Mont. 35.1 Lejeunea apiculata Sande Lac 35.2 Lejeunea applanata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees = 39.1 Lejeunea borneensis Steph. = 35.1 Lejeunea ceylanica Gottsche = 29.1 Lejeunea cocoes Mitt. 35.3 Lejeunea dipterota Eifrig 35.4 Lejeunea discreta Lindenb. 35.5 Lejeunea epiphylla Mitt. = 37.2 Lejeunea flava (Sw.) Nees 35.6 Lejeunea flavida Mitt. 35.7 Lejeunea gardneri Mitt. = 29.4 Lejeunea gracillima Mitt. = 42.1 Lejeunea haskarliana Lehm. & Lindenb. = 30.13 Lejeunea herzogii Mizut. 35.8 Lejeunea inflectens Mitt. = 30.16 Lejeunea lindenbergii Gottsche = 29.8 Lejeunea lowriana Steph. 35.9 Lejeunea macrodonta Mitt. = 33.4 Lejeunea maculata Mitt. = 37.3 Lejeunea micholitzii Mizut. 35.10 Lejeunea neelgherriana Gottsche 35.11 Lejeunea nietneri (Steph.) Steph 35.12 Lejeunea nietneri Gottsche nom. nud. ? = 35.12 Lejeunea obfusca Mitt. 35.13 Lejeunea obscura Mitt. 35.14 Lejeunea papilionacea Steph. 35.15 Lejeunea peradeniensis Mitt. = 45.3 Lejeunea planissima Mitt. = 30.25 Lejeunea punctiformis Taylor = 42.1 Lejeunea pycnoclada (Taylor) Mitt. = 27.3 Lejeunea repleta Taylor = 40.3 Lejeunea riparia Mitt. = 35.16 Lejeunea semirepanda (Nees) Nees & Mont. = 46.2 Lejeunea serpentina Mitt. = 29.11 Lejeunea spathulistipa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mitt. = 48.2 Lejeunea subacuta Mitt. 35.17 Lejeunea subfusca (Nees) Nees & Mont. = 39.6 Lejeunea thwaitesiana Mitt. = 33.9 Lejeunea tuberculosa Steph. 35.18 Lejeunea utriculata (Steph.) Mizut. 35.19 Lejeunea vesiculosa Mitt. = 33.10 Lejeunea wightii Lindenb. 35.20 Lejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Lehm. & Lindenb. = 38.1 Lepicolea yakusimensis (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. 51.1 Lepidolejeunea bidentula (J.B.Jack & Steph.) R.M.Schust. 36.1 Lepidozia neesii Lindenb. = 57.1 Lepidozia plumula Herz. 54.1 31 32 Long and Rubasinghe Lepidozia semperiana Steph. = 57.2 Lepidozia subintegra Lindenb. 54.2 Lepidozia wallichiana Gottsche = 55.1 Leptolejeunea elliptica (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffn. 37.1 Leptolejeunea epiphylla (Mitt.) Steph. 37.2 Leptolejeunea fleischeri Steph. = 33.3 Leptolejeunea maculata (Mitt.) Schiffn. 37.3 Leptolejeunea massartiana Schiffn. ex Herzog 37.4 Leptolejeunea rhombifolia Steph. 37.5 Leptolejeunea subacuta Steph. = 37.1 Leptolejeunea vitrea (Nees) Schiffn. 37.6 Leucolejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) A.Evans 38.1 Liochlaena subulata (A. Evans) Schljakov 65.1 Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dumort. 60.1 Lophocolea ciliolata (Nees) Gottsche = 58.1 Lophocolea cuspidata (Nees) Limpr. = 60.1 Lophocolea fleischeri Steph. = 58.2 Lophocolea javanica Schiffn. 60.2 Lophocolea kurzii Sande Lac. 60.3 Lophocolea muricata (Lehm.) Nees 60.4 Lophocolea peradeniensis Steph. = 60.3 Lopholejeunea applanata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn. 39.1 Lopholejeunea arbortiva (Mitt.) Steph. = 39.2 Lopholejeunea ceylanica Steph. 39.3 Lopholejeunea eulopha (Taylor) Schiffn. 39.4 Lopholejeunea javanica (Nees) Schiffn. 39.5 Lopholejeunea longiloba Steph. = 39.3 Lopholejeunea nigricans (Lindenb.) Steph. 39.2 Lopholejeunea nipponica Horik. = 39.7 Lopholejeunea subfusca (Nees) Schiffn. 39.6 Lopholejeunea zollingeri (Steph.) Schiffn. 39.7 Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dumort. 62.1 Madotheca acutifolia Lehm. & Lindenb. = 73.1 Madotheca ciliaris Nees = 73.5 Madotheca nilgheriensis Mont. = 73.4 Madotheca perrottetiana Mont. = 73.5 Marchantia acaulis Steph. 63.1 Marchantia amboinensis Nees & Mont. = 63.2 Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees subsp. emarginata 63.2 Marchantia paleacea Bertol. 63.3 Marchantia palmata Nees = 63.2 Marchantia papillata Raddi subsp. grossibarba (Steph.) Bischl. 63.4 Marchantia pappeana Lehm. subsp. robusta (Steph.) Bischl. 63.5 Marchantia polymorpha L. 63.6 Marchantia robusta Steph. = 63.5 Marsupidium knightii Mitt. 1.1 Mastigobryum callidum Steph. = 52.1 Mastigobryum ceylanicum Mitt. = 52.2 Mastigobryum decurvum Nees = 52.11 Mastigobryum fleischeri Steph. = 52.4 Mastigobryum gaudichaudii Gottsche ex Steph. = 52.5 Mastigobryum grandistipulum Steph. = 52.2 Mastigobryum intermedium Mitt. hom. illeg. = 52.1 Mastigobryum lacerostipulum Steph. = 52.2 Mastigobryum obtusatum Mitt. = 52.7 Mastigobryum ovistipulum Steph. = 52.9 Mastigobryum praeruptum Reinw., Blume & Nees = 52.11 Mastigobryum rabenhorstii Steph. = 52.12 Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka Mastigobryum rotundistipulum Steph. = 52.10 Mastigobryum sandei Steph. = 52.11 Mastigobryum strictum Steph. = 52.2 Mastigobryum vittatum Gottsche = 52.15 Mastigobryum wichurae Steph. = 52.10 Mastigolejeunea atypos (Schiffn.) Steph. = 40.3 Mastigolejeunea auriculata (Wilson) Schiffn. 40.1 Mastigolejeunea humilis (Gottsche) Schiffn. 40.2 Mastigolejeunea humilis (Gottsche) Schiffn. var. ciliata Awasthi & Udar 40.2a Mastigolejeunea repleta (Taylor) A.Evans 40.3 Mastigolejeunea virens (Ångstr.) Steph. 40.4 Mastigophora aequifolia Steph. 64.1 Mastigophora diclados (Brid. ex F.Weber) Nees 64.2 Metacalypogeia alternifolia (Nees) Grolle 14.1 Metalejeunea cucullata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Grolle 41.1 Metzgeria borneensis Kuwah. = 66.8 Metzgeria ciliata Raddi 66.1 Metzgeria conjugata Lindb. 66.2 Metzgeria consanguinea Schiffn. 66.3 Metzgeria crassipilus (Lindb.) A.Evans 66.4 Metzgeria decipiens (C.Massal.) Schiffn. & Gottsche = 66.1 Metzgeria foliicola Schiffn. 66.5 Metzgeria latifrons Steph. 66.6 Metzgeria lechleri Steph. 66.7 Metzgeria leptoneura Spruce 66.8 Metzgeria lindbergii Schiffn. = 66.2 Metzgeria luzonensis Kuwah. = 66.8 Metzgeria papulosa Steph. = 66.8 Metzgeria subhamata S.Hatt. = 66.8 Metzgeria vivipara A.Evans = 66.7 Microlejeunea cucullata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) J.B.Jack & Steph. = 41.1 Microlejeunea gracillima (Mitt.) Carringt. & Pearson = 42.1 Microlejeunea punctiformis (Taylor) Spruce = 42.1 Mnioloma fuscum (Lehm.) R.M.Schust. 15.1 Neolepidozia wallichiana (Gottsche) Fulford & J.Taylor 55.1 Notoscyphus lutescens (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Mitt. 67.1 Notoscyphus paroicus Schiffn. = 67.1 Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt. 16.1 Pallavicinia decipiens (Mitt.) Steph. = 68.1 Pallavicinia indica Schiffn. 69.1 Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook.) Gray 69.2 Phaeoceros carolinianus (Michx.) Prosk. 85.1 Phaeoceros laevis (L.) Prosk. subsp. carolinianus (Michx.) Prosk. = 85.1 Phragmicoma ceylanica Gottsche nom. nud. ? = 39.3 Phragmicoma nietneri Gottsche nom. nud. ? = 43.1 Physcocolea planissima (Mitt.) Steph. = 30.25 Physcocolea serrata Steph. = 30.30 Physiotium acinosum Mitt. = 72.1 Physocolea gottschei Steph. = 30.11 Physocolea inflectens (Mitt.) Steph. = 30.16 Physotium giganteum F.Weber = 72.2 Physotium microcarpum J.B.Jack = 72.3 Physotium sphagnoides A.Rich. ex Nees, nom. illeg. = 72.2 Plagiochasma nepalense (Lehm. & Bisch.) Steph. = 10.1 Plagiochasma rupestre (G.Forst.) Steph. 10.1 Plagiochila acanthophylla Gottsche = 70.18 Plagiochila aciculifera Steph. = 70.14 Plagiochila acutiloba Inoue = 70.8 33 34 Long and Rubasinghe Plagiochila aequalis Mitt. = 70.17 Plagiochila arbuscula (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Lindenb. 70.1 Plagiochila bantamensis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. 70.2 Plagiochila belangeriana Lindenb. = 70.1 Plagiochila brauniana Nees = 71.1 Plagiochila cadens Inoue = 70.18 Plagiochila ceylanica Mitt. 70.3 Plagiochila devexa Steph. 70.4 Plagiochila exigua (Taylor) Taylor 70.5 Plagiochila firma Mitt. = 70.9 Plagiochila flexuosa Mitt. 70.6 Plagiochila frondescens (Nees) Lindenb. 70.7 Plagiochila ghatiensis Steph. 70.8 Plagiochila gracilis Lindenb. & Gottsche 70.9 Plagiochila gymnoclada Sande Lac. 70.10 Plagiochila integrilobula Inoue 70.11 Plagiochila khasiana Mitt. 70.12 Plagiochila kurzii Steph. 70.13 Plagiochila lobulata Schiffn. = 70.2 Plagiochila macrantha Steph. = 70.3 Plagiochila meijeri Inoue = 70.13 Plagiochila microdonta Mitt. 70.14 Plagiochila neutiana Steph. = 70.3 Plagiochila onraedtii Inoue = 70.2 Plagiochila opposita (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Lindenb. = 71.2 Plagiochila parvidentata Inoue = 70.19 Plagiochila parvifolia Lindenb. 70.15 Plagiochila peradenyensis Schiffn. 70.16 Plagiochila pseudoventricosa Inoue = 70.15 Plagiochila ramenticaulis Steph. = 70.16 Plagiochila renitens (Nees) Lindenb. 70.17 Plagiochila rufa Steph. = 70.6 Plagiochila sciophila Nees ex Lindenb. 70.18 Plagiochila securifolia Nees ex Lindenb. = 4.1 Plagiochila sisparensis Steph. 70.19 Plagiochila variegata Lindenb. = 4.1 Plagiochila ventricosa Steph. = 70.15 Plagiochila wichurae Steph. = 70.17 Plagiochila zygophylla Taylor = 71.2 Plagiochilion braunianum (Nees) S.Hatt. 71.1 Plagiochilion oppositum (Reinw., Blume & Nees) S.Hatt. 71.2 Pleuroschisma wichurae (Steph.) Reimers = 52.10 Pleurozia acinosa (Mitt.) Steph. 72.1 Pleurozia gigantea (F.Weber) Lindb. 72.2 Pleurozia microcarpa (J.B.Jack) Steph. = 72.3 Pleurozia subinflata (Austin) Austin 72.3 Plicanthus birmensis (Steph.) R.M.Schust. 6.1 Plicanthus hirtellus (F.Weber) R.M.Schust. 6.2 Porella acutifolia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trevis. 73.1 Porella acutifolia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trevis. subsp. latior S.Hatt. = 73.2a Porella acutifolia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trevis. subsp. latior S.Hatt. var. intermedia S.Hatt. 73.2b Porella caespitans (Steph.) S.Hatt. subsp. latior (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. var. intermedia (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. 73.2b Porella caespitans Steph. subsp. latior (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt. 73.2a Porella japonica (Sande Lac.) Mitt. 73.3 Porella madgascariensis (Nees & Mont.) Trevis. 73.4 Porella perottetiana (Mont.) Trevis. 73.5 Ptychanthus birmensis Steph. = 43.1 Ptychanthus effusus Steph. = 43.1 Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka Ptychanthus nietneri (Steph.) Schiffn. = 43.1 Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Nees 43.1 Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Nees var. retusus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Verd. = 43.1 Ptychocoleus cumingianus auct. non (Mont.) Trevis. = 45.3 Ptychocoleus peradeniensis (Mitt.) Steph. = 45.3 Ptychocoleus pulopenangensis (Gottsche) Trevis. = 45.2 Ptychocoleus pycnocladus (Taylor) Steph. = 27.3 Ptycholejeunea nietneri Steph. = 43.1 Pycnolejeunea badia Steph. = 36.1 Pycnolejeunea ceylanica (Gottsche) Schiffn. = 29.1 Pycnolejeunea flavida (Mitt.) Steph. = 35.7 Pycnolejeunea gardneri (Mitt.) Steph. = 29.4 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata Steph. 44.1 Pycnolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Steph. = 29.14 Pycnolejeunea utriculata Steph. = 35.19 Radula acuminata Steph. 74.1 Radula amentulosa Mitt. 74.2 Radula assamica Steph. 74.3 Radula ceylanica K.Yamada 74.4 Radula colliculosa Mitt. = 74.7 Radula cordata Mitt. 74.5 Radula formosa (Meissn.) Nees 74.6 Radula javanica Gottsche 74.7 Radula kurzii Steph. 74.8 Radula madagascariensis Gottsche 74.9 Radula nietneri Steph. = 74.7 Radula nymanii Steph. 74.10 Radula obscura Mitt. 74.11 Radula onraedtii K.Yamada 74.12 Radula pinnulata Yang nom. illeg. = 74.19 Radula retroflexa Taylor 74.13 Radula sandei Steph. 74.14 Radula speciosa Gottsche ex Steph. = 74.8 Radula subpallens Steph. 74.15 Radula tabularis Steph. 74.16 Radula tjibodensis K.I.Goebel 74.17 Radula ventricosa Steph. 74.18 Radula yangii K.Yamada 74.19 Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi 11.1 Rectolejeunea riparia (Mitt.) Steph. = 35.16 Rhaphidolejeunea fleischeri (Steph.) Herzog = 33.3 Riccardia canaliculata (Nees) Schiffn. 9.1 Riccardia multifida (L.) Gray 9.2 Riccardia pinguis (L.) Gray = 8.1 Riccia attenuata Pandé 75.1 Riccia billardieri Mont. & Nees 75.2 Riccia crispatula Mitt. 75.3 Riccia discolor Lehm. & Lindenb. 75.4 Riccia huebeneriana Lindenb. 75.5 Riccia sorocarpa Bisch. 75.6 Scapania lepida Mitt. 77.1 Schiffneriolejeunea haskarliana (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Gradst. = 30.13 Schiffneriolejeunea hasskarliana (Gottsche) Gradst. = 45.3a Schiffneriolejeunea polycarpa (Nees) Gradst. 45.1 Schiffneriolejeunea pulopenangensis (Gottsche) Gradst. 45.2 Schiffneriolejeunea tumida (Nees) Gradst. 45.3 Schiffneriolejeunea tumida (Nees) Gradst. var. hasskarliana (Gottsche) Gradst. & Terken 45.3a Schisma ceylanicum Steph. = 23.1 35 36 Long and Rubasinghe Schisma perrottetii Steph. = 23.2 Schisma wichurae Steph. = 23.2 Schistochila aligera (Nees & Blume) Jack & Steph. 78.1 Schistochila commutata Steph. = 78.1 Schistochila fleischeri Steph. = 78.1 Schistochila philippinensis (Mont.) J.B.Jack & Steph. = 78.1 Schistochila sciurea (Nees) Schiffn. 78.2 Schistochila thwaitesii (Mitt.) Steph. = 78.2 Schizophyllopsis bidens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Váňa & L. Söderstr. 7.1 Sendtnera diclados (Brid. ex F.Weber) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees = 64.2 Sendtnera dicrana Taylor ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees = 23.2 Solenostoma appressifolium (Mitt.) Váňa & D. G. Long 79.1 Solenostoma ariadne (Taylor ex Lehm.) R. M. Schust ex Váňa & D. G. Long 79.2 Solenostoma borneense (Amakawa) Váňa, Hentschel & J. Heinrichs 79.3 Solenostoma hasskarlianum (Nees) R.M.Schust. ex Váňa & D.G.Long 79.4 Solenostoma javanicum (Schiffn.) Steph. 79.5 Solenostoma polyrhizoides (Grolle ex Amakawa) Váňa & D. G. Long 79.6 Solenostoma strictum (Schiffn.) Váňa, Hentschel & J.Heinrichs 79.7 Solenostoma tetragonum (Lindenb.) R. M. Schust. ex Váňa & D. G. Long 79.8 Solenostoma truncatum (Nees) R. M. Schust. ex Váňa & D. G. Long 79.9 Southbya grollei N.Kitag. = 80.1 Southbya organensis Herzog 80.1 Spruceanthus marianus (Gottsche) Mizut. 46.1 Spruceanthus semirepandus (Nees) Verd. 46.2 Steetzia decipiens Mitt. = 68.1 Steetzia lyellii (Hook.) Lehm. = 69.2 Stenolejeunea apiculata (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust. = 35.2 Syzygiella securifolia (Nees ex Lindenb.) Inoue 4.1 Syzygiella subintegerrima (Nees) Spruce 4.2 Syzygiella variegata (Lindenb.) Schiffn. = 4.1 Taeniolejeunea pseudofloccosa (Horik.) S.Hatt. = 30.28 Targionia hypophylla L. 81.1 Taxilejeunea apiculata (Sande Lac.) Eifrig nom. illeg. = 35.2 Taxilejeunea compressiuscula Lindenb. ex Steph. 47.1 Telaranea major (Herz.) J.J.Engel & G.L.Merr. 56.1 Telaranea semperiana (Steph.) Del Ros. = 57.2 Telaranea wallichiana (Gottsche) R.M.Schust. = 55.1 Thysananthus convolutus Lindenb. 48.1 Thysananthus spathulistipus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Lindenb. 48.2 Trichocolea pluma (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. 82.1 Tricholepidozia neesii (Lindenb.) E.D.Cooper 57.1 Tricholepidozia semperiana (Steph.) E.D.Cooper 57.2 Trocholejenea sandvicensis (Gottsche) Mizut. 49.2 Trocholejeunea infuscata (Mitt.) Verd. 49.1 Tylimanthus indicus Steph. = 70.8 Xenolejeunea longiloba (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) Kachroo & R.M.Schust. 50.1 Revised checklist to the Liverworts and Hornworts of Sri Lanka 37

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