cryptogamie Bryologie 2021 ● 42 ● 14 Directeur De la publication / Publication director : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle réDacteur en chef / editor-in-chief : Denis LAMY assistante De réDaction / assistant editor : Marianne SALAÜN (bryo@cryptogamie.com) Mise en page / Page layout : Marianne SALAÜN réDacteurs associés / associate editors Biologie moléculaire et phylogénie / Molecular biology and phylogeny Bernard GOFFINET Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut (United States) Mousses d’Europe / European mosses Isabel DRAPER Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) Francisco LARA GARCÍA Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) Mousses d’Afrique et d’Antarctique / African and Antarctic mosses Rysiek OCHYRA Laboratory of Bryology, Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow (Pologne) Bryophytes d’Asie / Asian bryophytes Rui-Liang ZHU School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai (China) Bioindication / Biomonitoring Franck-Olivier DENAYER Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de Lille, Laboratoire de Botanique et de Cryptogamie, Lille (France) Écologie des bryophytes / Ecology of bryophyte Nagore GARCÍA MEDINA Department of Biology (Botany), and Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) couverture / cover : Dedo de Deus Monument, Serra dos Órgãos Natural Park, Teresópolis - RJ. Photo is credited to the botanist Clapton Moura Cryptogamie, Bryologie est indexé dans / Cryptogamie, Bryologie is indexed in: – Biological Abstracts – Current Contents – Science Citation Index – Publications bibliographiques du CNRS (Pascal). Cryptogamie, Bryologie est distribué en version électronique par / Cryptogamie, Bryologie is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Cryptogamie, Bryologie est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris Cryptogamie, Bryologie is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Geodiversitas, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Comptes Rendus Palevol, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Mycologie. Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 diff.pub@mnhn.fr / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2021 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1290-0796 / ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1776-0992 Bryophytes from Glaziou’s historical collections: revisiting the flora of Rio de Janeiro and implications for conservation Allan Laid Alkimim FARIA Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Botânica, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900, Brasília, DF (Brazil) allanlaid@gmail.com (corresponding author) Denilson Fernandes PERALTA Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo, Av. Miguel Stéfano, 3687, São Paulo, SP (Brazil) Eduardo Toledo de AMORIM Instituto de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil) Paulo Eduardo Aguiar SARAIVA CÂMARA Micheline CARVALHO-SILVA Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Botânica, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900, Brasília, DF (Brazil) Submitted on 11 October 2020 | Accepted on 29 June 2021 | Published on 1 October 2021 Faria A. L. A., Peralta D. F., Amorim E. T. de, Saraiva Câmara P. E. A. & Carvalho-Silva M. P. 2021. — Bryophytes from Glaziou’s historical collections: revisiting the flora of Rio de Janeiro and implications for conservation. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 42 (14): 197-204. https://doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2021v42a14. http://cryptogamie.com/ bryologie/42/14 KEY WORDS Historic collections, recollecting species, Atlantic Forest, threatened bryophytes. ABSTRACT Auguste Glaziou went to Brazil in 1858 at the invitation of Emperor D. Pedro II where he worked as director of the Imperial House of Parks and Gardens in the city of Rio de Janeiro until 1897. He is considered one of the greatest plant collectors of Brazil and collected numerous bryophytes. The bryoflora of the state of Rio de Janeiro is one of the richest in the country, but also includes the highest number of threatened species. Glaziou collected in Rio de Janeiro where the coverage of the Atlantic Forest suffered a great reduction and loss of biodiversity. The objectives of this work are to analyze the species registered by Glaziou, assess what percentage of the bryoflora was sampled at that time, re-collect and evaluate the conservation status of the species. Our results show that 86% of the species collected by Glaziou have been collected in the state Rio de Janeiro. 4% percent have been collected in the last 60 years, 10% has not been found in the last 100 years and two species remain only known from the original Glaziou collection (= type). Our fieldwork recorded 35% of the species in their original sites. Eighteen species are considered threatened taxa in the state of Rio de Janeiro, including 16 species that are critically threatened (CR), two threatened (EN), three of little concern (LC) and one of insufficient data (DD). CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.cryptogamie.com/bryologie 197 Faria A. L. A. et al. MOTS CLÉS Collections historiques, rappel d’espèces, forêt atlantique, bryophytes menacés. RÉSUMÉ Bryophytes des collections historiques de Glaziou : revisiter la flore de Rio de Janeiro et ses implications pour la conservation. Auguste Glaziou est arrivé au Brésil à l’invitation de l’empereur D. Pedro II, où il a été directeur de la Maison impériale des parcs et jardins de la ville de Rio de Janeiro. Il est considéré comme l’un des plus grands collectionneurs de plantes de l’histoire brésilienne avec une grande contribution principalement en bryologie. La bryoflore de l’État de Rio de Janeiro est l’une des plus riches du pays, mais elle est en tête de la liste des espèces végétales menacées. Glaziou a collecté à Rio de Janeiro où la couverture de la forêt atlantique a subi une réduction et une perte de biodiversité. Les objectifs de ce travail sont d’analyser les espèces enregistrées par Glaziou, d’évaluer quel pourcentage de la bryoflore a été échantillonné à ce moment-là, de collecter à nouveau et d’évaluer l’état de conservation de l’espèce. Nos résultats ont montré que 86 % de la liste originale de Glaziou avait déjà été collectée à Rio de Janeiro. 4 % de cette liste a été collectée au cours des 60 dernières années, 10 % n’a pas été trouvée au cours des 100 dernières années et deux espèces sont signalées uniquement via le matériel type de la collection de Glaziou. Dans ce travail de terrain, 35 % des espèces ont été trouvées dans les sites d’origine. 18 espèces ont été considérées comme présentant un certain degré de menace pour l’État, une espèce avec des données insuffisantes (DD), deux espèces menacées (EN), 16 espèces en danger critique d’extinction (CR) et trois espèces peu préoccupantes (LC). INTRODUCTION Auguste François Marie Glaziou was born in Lannion, Bretagne (France) in 1828 and studied botany in Paris at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. Dom Pedro II, the Brazilian Emperor, invited him in 1858 to work in Brazil as director of the Imperial House of Parks and Gardens in Rio de Janeiro city, where he resided until his return to France in 1897 (Santos 2016). During this time, he carried out much fieldwork and collaborated in expeditions in the states of Brazil. Glaziou is considered one of the greatest plant collectors in the Brazilian history, especially of Rio de Janeiro state (Stafleu & Cowan 1979), who made a great contribution in bryology (Costa et al. 2016). However, Glaziou never worked with bryophytes he was a collector of plants in general, and the bryophyte identifications were made by specialists in Europe, in particular Émile Bescherelle at the Paris museum (PC), and his greatest interest was in the use plants economic. During his time in Brazil, 22 790 specimens of plants were recorded in his field notebook, including more than 2500 bryophytes, collected in different parts of the country either by himself or by countless contributors, of which about 700 were described as new to science (http://glaziou.cria.org. br/; Santos 2016). Bryophytes were sampled in Rio de Janeiro state in “Serra dos Órgãos” (Barcia et al. 1980) where “Raiz da Serra” is located (currently “Vila Inhomirim»), “Serra da Estrela”; “Fazenda da Mandioca” (owned by Baron of Langsdorff), “Porto Estrela” and “Tinguá”; in addition in Serra da Mantiqueira in Itatiaia National Park, at the border with the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The Serra dos Órgãos region is located in the Atlantic Forest and it is one of the areas with greatest diversity in the Atlantic Forest biome with a large variety of habitats and high species richness, including several endemics (Veloso & 198 Góes Filho 1982; Costa et al. 2009; Coelho et al. 2017). The area was explored by many botanists such as C.F.P. Von Martius (1794-1868), G. Gardner (1812-1849), G.H. Von Langsdorff (1774-1852), E.H.G. Ule (1854-1915), L. Riedel (1790-1861), F.C. Hoehne (1882-1959), and A.C. Brade (1881-1971) (Vellozo 1825; Bediaga & Lima 2015; Coelho et al. 2017). The first naturalist to study the bryophytes of Brazil, G. Raddi (1817-1818), had also visited this region with the Spix & Martius expedition (1817-1823) (Rizzini 1954; Costa 2009). The bryophyte flora of the Rio de Janeiro state is recognized as one of the richest in the country, with around 900 species, of which 47 are found only in the state and 12 are endemic (Costa & Peralta 2015; Coelho et al. 2017), with 125 vulnerable species (VU), 25 threatened (EN) and 147 with deficient data (DD). Among the species considered Least Concern (LC), many are dependent on the conservation of their habitats (Costa et al. 2005). Itatiaia and Serra dos Órgãos have the largest number of endemic taxa (Costa et al. 2005). Rio de Janeiro state leads the list of vascular plant species at risk of extinction in Brazil, being one of the states with the highest number of threatened species, or with interest for conservation and research (Martinelli & Moraes 2013). In addition, this state counts more than 100 species of plants among those that are not threatened, but with interest for conservation or research (Martinelli & Moraes 2013). About 97% of the surface of the state was originally covered by Atlantic Forest; currently only 19% remains (Fundação S.O.S. Mata Atlântica 2019). Habitat loss and degradation are serious threats to bryophytes worldwide (Hallinbäck & Hodgetts 2000), since the species are extremely sensitive to environmental disturbances (Vanderpoorten & Hallinbäck 2008). Still, this state together with that of São Paulo holds the greatest richness of bryophytes in Brazil (http:// floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br). CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14) Bryophytes from Glaziou: flora of Rio de Janeiro table 1. — List of repatriated Glaziou species. (*, endemic to Brazil; **, within Brazil only known from the Atlantic Forest; ***, within Brazil only known from the state of Rio de Janeiro). DIVISION/Family/Species Voucher MARCHANTIOPHYTA Aneuraceae PC0741583 Riccardia digitiloba (Spruce ex Steph.) Pagán PC0741579 **Riccardia fucoidea (Sw.) Schiffn. PC0741587 Riccardia glaziovii (Spruce) Meenks PC0741581 Riccardia regnellii (Åongstr.) Hell Balantiopsidadee PC0741585 **Isotachis aubertii (Schwaegr.) Mitt. Cephaloziaceae Odontoschisma variabile (Lindenb. & Gottsche) Trevis. PC0741543 Chonecoleaceae PC0741546 Chonecolea doellingeri (Nees) Grolle Fossombroniaceae PC0741588 Fossombronia porphyrhorhiza (Nees) Prosk. Frullaniaceae PC0741493 Frullania atrata (Sw.) Nees PC0741497 Frullania brasiliensis Raddi PC0741515 Frullania riojaneirensis (Raddi) Åongstr. Herbetaceae PC0741614 Herbertus juniperoideus ssp. bivittatus (Spruce) Feldberg & Heinrichs Jungermanniaceae PC0741632 **Anastrophyllum tubulosum (Nees) Grolle Lejeuneaceae PC0741686 Bryopteris diffusa (Sw.) Nees PC0741548 Bryopteris filicina (Sw.) Nees Cheilolejeunea filiformis (Sw.) W. Ye, R.L. Zhu & Gradst. PC0741698 PC0741504 Cheilolejeunea trifaria (Mont.) R.M.Schust. PC0741675 Cololejeunea obliqua (Nees & Mont.) Schiffn. PC0741645 Diplasiolejeunea brunnea Steph. PC0741671 * **Drepanolejeunea aculeata Bischl. PC0741667 Drepanolejeunea mosenii (Steph.) Bischl. PC0741685 Lejeunea aphanes Spruce PC0741706 Lejeunea cerina (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Lehm. & Lindenb. PC0741526 Lejeunea flava (Sw.) Nees PC0741704 Lejeunea glaucescens Gottsche PC0741692 Lejeunea grossitexta (Steph.) M.E.Reiner & Goda PC0741705 **Lejeunea laeta (Lehm.) Lehm. & Lindenb. PC0741705 Lejeunea laetevirens Nees & Mont. PC0741516 Lejeunea phyllobola Nees & Mont. PC0741523 Lejeunea pterigonia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Mont. PC0741514 Lejeunea trinitensis Lindenb. PC0741661 Leptolejeunea elliptica (Lehm. & Lindenb.)Schiffn. PC0741506 **Lepidolejeunea eluta (Nees) R.M.Schust. PC0741629 Lepidolejeunea involuta (Gottsche) Grolle PC0741702 Lopholejeunea nigricans (Lindenb.) Schiffn. PC0741657 Odontolejeunea lunulata (Weber) Schiffn. PC0741697 Schiffneriolejeunea polycarpa (Nees) Gradst. Lepidoziaceae PC0741521 Bazzania gracilis (Hampe & Gottsche) Steph. PC0741618 Bazzania hookeri (Lindenb.) Trevis. PC0741529 Bazzania stolonifera (Sw.) Trevis. PC0741621 Kurzia capillaris (Sw.) Grolle PC0741536 **Lepidozia cupressina (Sw.) Nees PC0741537 **Lepidozia inaequalis Steph. PC0741615 *Micropterygium pterygophyllum (Nees) Trevis. Lophocoleaceae PC0741624 Cryptolophocolea martiana (Nees) L.Söderstr., Crand.-Stotl. & Stotler PC0741625 **Lophocolea muricata (Lehm.) Nees Marchantiaceae PC0741485 Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees Metzgeriaceae PC0721818 Metzgeria albinea Spruce PC0741570 * **Metzgeria brasiliensis Schiffn. PC0741555 * **Metzgeria convoluta Steph. PC0741578 * **Metzgeria cratoneura Schiffn. PC0741554 Metzgeria dichotoma (Sw.) Nees CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14) DIVISION/Family/Species Pallavicinaceae ** ***Jensenia spinosa (Lindenb. & Gottsche) Grolle Symphyogyna brasiliensis (Nees) Mont. Symphyogyna brongniartii Mont. **Symphyogyna podophylla (Thumb.) Mont. & Nees Pelliaceae Noteroclada confluens Taylor ex Hook.f. & Wilson Plagiochilaceae ** ***Plagiochila boryana Gottsche & Steph. **Plagiochila crispabilis Lindenb. Plagiochila corrugata (Nees) Nees & Mont. Plagiochila montagnei Nees Plagiochila raddiana Lindenb. Plagiochila rutilans Lindenb. Porellaceae Porella brasiliensis (Raddi) Schiffn. Porella swartziana (Weber) Trevis. Radulaceae **Radula nudicaulis Steph. Radula recubans Tayl. Radula stenocalyx Mont. Ricciaceae Riccia stenophylla Steph. Ricciocarpos natans (L.) Corda Trichocoleaceae **Leiomitra brevifissa (Steph.) T. Katag BRYOPHYTE Andreaceae Andreaea microphylla Müll.Hal. Bartramiaceae **Breutelia grandis (Hampe) Paris **Breutelia subtomentosa (Hampe) A.Jaeger Philonotis hastata (Duby) Wijk & Marg. **Philonotis longiseta (Michx.) Britt. Philonotis uncinata (Schwägr.) Brid. Brachytheciaceae Eurhynchium clinocarpum (Taylor) Paris Helicodontium capillare (Hedw.) A.Jaeger Meteoridium remotifolium (Müll.Hal. ) Manuel Platyhypnidium aquaticum (A.Jaeger) M.Fleisch. **Rhynchostegium scariosum (Taylor) A.Jaeger Bryaceae Bryum argenteum Hedw. Bryum limbatum Müll.Hal. Bryum subapiculatum Hampe Rhodobryum beyrichianum (Hornsch.) Müll.Hal. Rosulabryum billarderi (Schwägr.) J.R.Spence Rosulabryum capillare (Hedw.) J. R. Spence Rosulabryum densifolium (Brid.) Ochyra Bruchiaceae Trematodon longicollis Michx. **Trematodon vaginatus Müll. Hal. Calymperaceae Syrrhopodon gaudichaudii Mont. Syrrhopodon prolifer Schwägr. Daltoniaceae Eriopus flexicaulis (Hampe) Paris Dicranaceae Dicranella hilariana (Mont.) Mitt. Dicranella lindigiana (Hampe) Mitt. Holomitrium crispulum Mart. Ditrichaceae **Ceratodon stenocarpus Bruch & Schimp. ex Müll. Hal Entodontaceae Entodon hampeanus Müll. Hal. Entodon serrulatus Mitt. Erythrodontium longisetum (Hook.) Paris Voucher PC0741586 PC0741589 PC0741538 PC0741507 PC0741542 PC0741533 PC9741643 PC0741633 PC0741634 PC0741547 PC0741525 PC0741598 PC0741602 PC0741611 PC0741607 PC0741603 PC0741350 PC0741312 PC0741613 PC0738932 PC0741459 PC0709350 PC0709366 PC0709369 PC0709368 PC0741292 PC0709637 PC0709561 PC0709785 PC0709602 PC0709486 PC0709465 PC0709487 PC0709482 PC0709458 PC0709483 PC0709453 PC0709276 PC0709272 PC0709659 PC0709189 PC0709587 PC0709287 PC0709263 PC0709319 PC0709282 PC0709605 PC0709613 PC0709623 199 Faria A. L. A. et al. table 1. — Continuation. DIVISION/Family/Species Fabroniaceae Dimerodontium mendozense Mitt. Fabronia ciliaris (Brid.) Brid. Fissidentaceae Fissidens elegans Brid. Funariaceae Funaria calvescens Schwägr. Hypnaceae Chryso-hypnum elegantulum (Hook.) Hampe Ectropothecium leptochaeton (Schwägr.) W.R.Buck Mittenothamnium reptans (Hedw.) Cardot Vesicularia vesicularis (Schwägr.) Broth. Lembophylaceae **Orthostichella pachygastrella (Müll. Hal. ex Ångstr.) B.H.Allen & Magill Orthostichella versicolor (Mull.Hal.) B.H.Allen & W.R.Buck Leucobryaceae Campylopus arctocarpus (Hornsch.) Mitt. Campylopus cryptopodioides Broth. Campylopus filifolius (Hornsch.) Mitt. Campylopus griseus (Hornsch.) A.Jaeger *Leucobryum clavatum Hampe Leucobryum crispum Müll.Hal. Leucobryum albicans (Schwägr.) Lindb. Octoblepharum albidum Hedw. Leskeaceae Haplocladium microphyllum (Hedw.) Broth. Meteoriaceae **Meteorium nigrescens (Hedw.) Dozy & Molk. Mniaceae Plagiomnium rhynchophorum (Hook.) T.J.Kop. Orthotrichaceae * **Macrocoma brasiliense (Mitt.) Vitt. **Macrocoma orthotrichoides (Raddi) Wijk & Marg. Macromitrium richardii Schwägr. Schlotheimia capillaris Hampe Schlotheimia jamesonii (Arn.) Brid. Schlotheimia rugifolia (Hook.) Schwägr. Schlotheimia torquata (Sw. ex Hedw.) Brid. Pilotrichaceae Callicostella rufescens (Mitt.) A. Jaeger. **Hypnella pilifera (Hook.f. & Wilson) A. Jaeger **Lepidopilum longifolium Hampe Thamniopsis incurva (Hornsch.) W.R.Buck **Lepidopilum subsubulatum Geh. & Hampe **Thamniopsis langsdorffii (Hook.) W.R.Buck Thamniopsis undata (Hedw.) W.R.Buck **Trachyxiphium aduncum (Mitt.) W.R.Buck Trachyxiphium saxicola (R.S.Williams) VazImbassahy & D.P.Costa Voucher PC0709630 PC0709572 PC0709650 PC0738926 PC0741250 PC0709780 PC0709585 PC0709729 PC0741450 PC0741452 PC0741922 PC0741463 PC0709305 PC0741928 PC0709245 PC0709234 PC0709244 PC0709232 PC0709777 PC0709547 PC0709498 PC0709376 PC0709402 PC0709373 PC0741476 PC0709436 PC0709425 PC0709415 PC0741272 PC0709692 PC0709586 PC0709660 PC0721349 PC0709676 PC0709666 PC0709675 PC0709753 When Glaziou collected in Rio de Janeiro state, the area was still largely covered by Atlantic Forest, making its collections extremely important for historic bryophyte knowledge. Part of the areas in which Glaziou collected have been replaced by farming (annual and perennial crops), silviculture and urban areas, and abundance and distribution of the species must over time have been affected by the habitat modifications. However, comparisons of the long-term changes in species diversity are not available. Comparative studies of vegetation over time are essential to identify and understand changes in vegetation and their broader impacts on local biodiversity, in addition to being necessary for the application of effective conservation and management practices. 200 DIVISION/Family/Species Voucher Polytrichaceae Pogonatum pensilvanicum (E.B.Bartram ex Hedw.) PC0709532 P.Beauv. PC0709525 **Polytrichadelphus pseudopolytrichum (Raddi) G.L.Smith PC0741528 *Polytrichum angustifolium Hedw. PC0709528 Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw. Pottiaceae PC0709178 Hyophila involuta (Hook.) A. Jaeger PC0709175 Hyophila laetevirens Broth. Leptodontium viticulosoides (P.Beauv.) Wijk & Margad. PC0709391 PC0709222 Tortella humilis (Hedw.) Jenn. PC0709283 Weissia breutelii Müll.Hal. Pylaisiadelphaceae PC0721603 Isopterygium brachyneuron (Müll.Hal.) Mitt. PC0709603 Isopterygium subbrevisetum (Hampe) Broth. PC0146575 Isopterygium tenerifolium (Hedw.) Mitt. PC0709180 Isopterygium tenerum (Sw.) Mitt. Racopilaceae PC0738418 Racopilum tomentosum (Hedw.) Brid. Rhacocarpaceae PC0709537 * **Rhacocarpus inermis (Müll. Hal.) Lindb. Rhizogoniaceae Hymenodon aeruginosus (Hook.f. & Wilson) Müll.Hal. PC0709786 PC0741458 Pyrrhobryum spiniforme (Hedw.) Mitt. Rigodiaceae PC0709587 Rigodium toxarion (Schwägr.) A.Jaeger Sematophyllaceae PC0709792 Acroporium caespitosum (Hedw.) W.R.Buck PC0146561 Aptychopsis pyrrhophylla (Müll.Hal.) Wijk & Marg. PC0709638 *Brittonodoxa subpinnata (Brid.) W.R.Buck, P.E.A.S.Câmara & Carv.-Silva PC0709714 *Microcalpe subsimplex (Hedw.) Mitt. PC0709814 **Sematophyllum beyrichii (Hornsch.) Broth. PC0709809 ** ***Sematophyllum decumbens Mitt. PC0146562 *Sematophyllum oedophysidium W.R.Buck PC0741254 **Trichosteleum glaziovii (Hampe)W.R. Buck *Vitalia galipensis (Müll.Hal.) P.E.A.S.Câmara, Carv.- PC0709748 Silva & W.R.Buck Stereophyllaceae PC0741273 Pilosium chlorophyllum (Hornsch.) Müll.Hal. Sphagnaceae PC0741894 Sphagnum recurvum P. Beauv. ANTHOCEROTOPHYTA Dendrocerotaceae PC0741524 **Nothoceros vicentianus (Lehm. & Lindenb.) J.C.Villarreal Phymatocerotaceae PC0741530 Phymatoceros bulbiculosus (Broth.) Stotler, W.T.Doyle & Crand.-Stotl. The bryophytes collected by Glaziou in Brazil were sent to the herbarium of Paris (PC) and studied by Émile Bescherelle (1828-1903), who made duplicates for his private collection and also sent of the mosses to Ernst Hampe (1795-1880) and of the liverworts to Stephani (1842-1927) in Germany. After the deaths of Hampe and Stephani the Natural History Museum, London (BM) as well as the herbarium of Geneva (G) respectively acquired their collections. The same happened with the Bescherelle herbarium after his death, so that the two duplicate sets prepared by Bescherelle ended up in BM. Many of his collections are also housed in Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (R) (Costa et al. 2016). The collections in PC fortunately have been made available with pictures CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14) Bryophytes from Glaziou: flora of Rio de Janeiro A B 19° 20° 21° 22° 23° 24° N 25° 26°S 45°W 44° 43° 42° 41° fig. 1. — Localities of the collections of Glaziou made in the state of Rio de Janeiro (A) and of other collectors (B). and determinations as part of the REFLORA project (http:// glaziou.cria.org.br). The objectives of this study are to analyze the species collected by Glaziou, assess what percentage of the actual bryoflora was sampled at that time, re-collect and evaluate the conservation status of the species recollected. MATERIAL AND METHODS SAMPLING AND FIELD WORK Specimens collected by Glaziou and kept in BM, LE, PC and R were determined or revised and the label information was used to map the original collection sites as precise as possible (Costa et al. 2016). Images of the specimens and labels are available on the websiteglaziou.splink.org.br. Furthermore, online databases such as Jabot, Flora do Brasil, Virtual Herbarium of Plants and Fungi, and SpeciesLink were consulted. Three ten-day expeditions were carried out trying to recollect the species collected by Glaziou in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Locations visited included Serra dos Órgãos National Park CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14) (municipalities of Guapimirim, Petrópolis and Teresópolis), Serra da Estrela (municipality of Petrópolis), Macaé (municipality of Nova Friburgo), Itatiaia National Park (municipality of Itatiaia) and Tijuca and Corcovado Forest (municipality of Rio de Janeiro) (Fig. 1). IDENTIFICATION AND DATA ANALYSES The methodology of collection, herborization and preservation of the material followed Vanderpoorten et al. (2010); samples were deposited in UB with duplicates in SP and RB. Specimens were identified with the specific literature and compared with herbarium samples. The classification systems follow Renzaglia et al. (2009) for Anthocerotophyta, Crandall-Stotler et al. (2009) for Marchantiophyta and Goffinet et al. (2009) for Bryophyta. To assess the conservation status of bryophytes in Rio de Janeiro state we followed Hällingbäck & Hodgetts (2000), evaluating only species without new records in the last 50 years at Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), published papers, herbariums or field observations. GeoCAT (Geospatial 201 Faria A. L. A. et al. 2% 30% 12% 56% Two species remain only known from the type material collected by Glaziou: Eriopus flexicaulis (Hampe) Paris (Daltoniaceae) and Hyophila laetevirens Broth. (Pottiaceae). These species have already been evaluated (Costa et al. 2016). The bryophytes collected by Glaziou in the state of Rio de Janeiro have 26 endemic species to Brazil (7%), to the Atlantic Forest (5%) and have not been re-collected for more than 50 years. Eighteen of them are considered threatened: one with insufficient data (DD), two endangered (EN), 16 critically endangered (CR) and three little concerned (LC) (Table 2). Not found Found in Rio de Janeiro by other collectors over the past 30 years Found in another state over the past 30 years DISCUSSION Expedition 2019 fig. 2. — Species collected by Glaziou in the state of Rio de Janeiro. 35% 65% Others collectors Current expedition fig. 3. — Species re-collected in the last 30 years; 35% were made during this study, 56% by other collectors. Conservation Assessment Tool), was used to facilitate the assessment and analysis (http://geocat.kew.org/). RESULTS We analyzed c. 3000 bryophyte specimens from herbaria and new collections. Of 169 species collected by Glaziou in the state of Rio de Janeiro, 95 (56%) were re-collected by other collectors in the state of Rio de Janeiro during the last 30 years (Fig. 2). Twenty-one species (12%) are not recorded in Rio de Janeiro state but in areas of the Amazon and Cerrado biomes. This makes us believe that these species were erroneously cited by Glaziou for Rio de Janeiro. In our fieldwork, 51 species (35%) were found, which added to the 95 species (65%) found by other collectors a total of 146 species found in Brazil in the last 30 years, and do not suffer any kind of threat (Fig. 3). In the total of 169 species, 23 remaining species (14%) are considered threatened here, with 7 species (4%) collected only in the last 60 years and 16 species (10%) that have not been found for more than 100 years. 202 Auguste Glaziou made a major contribution to the study of botany with a large number of important historical floristics records for the state in locations that today have been modified by population growth, urbanization and agricultural expansion. Most bryophyte species recorded by Glaziou are not threatened. Our results provide information about their distribution, ecology, as well as about conservation status, and allows the planning of actions that minimize the impacts that may affect the bryophytes. Lepidopilum flexicaule Hampe (nowadays Eriopus flexicaulis) remains unknown since having been collected by Glaziou and was not taxonomically evaluated since its publication. Churchill (1998) does not include this taxon in the Neotropical revision of Lepidopilum, nor it is included in the Flora do Brazil online (http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br). Taxonomic revisions are extremely important for our knowledge of organisms, their geographic distribution and conservation status. Hyophila laetevirens was collected by Glaziou in 1878 on Corcovado hill and was described by Brotherus (1849-1929) in 1895; the lectotype is in PC and a duplicate is in BM according with Costa et al. (2016). The recollection of bryophyte species collected by Glaziou has mainly been done in the last forty years. By the end of the 1970s, only about 10 species listed by Glaziou had been re-collected, probably because most botanists in Brazil had worked on vascular plants, and there were only very few bryophyte specialists. The number of bryophyte species indicated here as threatened are associated with forest remains in the State and emphasize the needs of updating the State’s list of endangered species. In addition, data inconsistencies within the official List of Species of the Endangered Flora for the state of Rio de Janeiro resulted in the occasional use of ancillary lists, such as those published for the other states and other biomes from Brazil, therefore, we consider all the essential lists of bryophytes in Rio de Janeiro. The assessment of the conservation status of bryophyte species in the state showed that the categories indicated as threatened have a restricted area of occupation, with few localities of occurrence. The state of Rio de Janeiro presents an expressive contribution of great richness and diversity of Brazilian bryophytes, mainly related to its interior of the Atlantic Forest ecosystem. The threatened species indicated CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14) Bryophytes from Glaziou: flora of Rio de Janeiro table 2. — Conservation status of threatened bryophyte species of the state of Rio de Janeiro treated in this paper. Taxon Bazzania gracilis (Hampe & Gottsche) Steph. Cryptolophocolea martiana (Nees) L.Söderstr., Crand.-Stotl. & Stotler Drepanolejeunea aculeata Bischler Entodon serrulatus Mitt. Eriopus flexicaulis (Hampe) Paris Fissidens elegans Brid. Lejeunea aphanes Spruce Lepidolejeune eluta (Nees) R.M.Schust. Metzgeria albinea Spruce Metzgeria brasiliensis Schiffn. Metzgeria convoluta Steph. Metzgeria cratoneura Schiffn. Micropterygium pterygophyllum (Nees) Trevis. Odontoschisma variabile (Lindenb. & Gottsche) Trevis. Philonotis longiseta (Michx.) Britt. Phymatoceros bulbiculosus (Broth.) Stotler, W.T.Doyle & Crand.-Stotl. Platyhypnidium aquaticum (A.Jaeger) M.Fleisch. Ricciocarpos natans (L.) Corda Sematophyllum decumbens Mitt. Sematophyllum oedophysidium W.R.Buck Trachyxiphium saxicola (R.S.Williams) Vaz-Imbassahy & D.P.Costa Trematodon vaginatus Müll.Hal. here presents their geographic distribution well represented in Conservation Units. Among the fully protected Conservation Units with the largest number of endemic flora species in the state of Rio de Janeiro, the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, Tijuca National Park and Itatiaia National Park stand out. The increasing number of specimens to the present day shows an advance in science as the technologies used in botany studies increase, especially in the group of bryophytes, as well as the training of specialists from the years 80’s of the 20th century. This data set of the research shows that the biodiversity in the places of the collection areas by the naturalist did not suffer relevant impacts. Since, most species were found in regions that today are in Conservation Units areas. These areas are fully protected and have the function of ensuring the representativeness of significant and ecologically viable samples from the different populations, habitats and ecosystems of the national territory, preserving the existing biological heritage (MMA 2019). In addition, they guarantee traditional populations the sustainable use of natural resources in a rational way and still provide the surrounding communities with the development of sustainable economic activities (MMA 2019). Acknowledgements We thank to the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAP-DF) for financial support to the project, to the curators of the BM and PC herbariums and to the park coordinators PARNA TIJUCA (Katyucha Silva), PARNASO (Jorge Nascimento) and PARNA ITATIAIA (Léo Nascimento). The authors thank PhD Gradstein for his contributions in the text, as well as the support of expedition companions Anderson Eustáquio and Flávio Rick, and Dr Cosme Ponte for his didactic and logistical support. Finally, a special thanks to Clapton Moura and Amanda Leal for the field collections. CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14) Status CR EN CR CR DD LC CR CR CR LC CR CR CR CR CR CR EN LC CR CR CR CR Criteria C2b C2b B1, 2abcd C1 DD none C2b B1, 2abcd B1, 2abcd none C2b C2b B1, 2abcd C2b C2b B1, 2abcd C2b none C1 C2b C1 C2b REFERENCES BARCIA J. C. C., TRAVASSOS O. P. & LEAL J. A. 1980. — Contribuição ao estudo da flora da Serra dos Órgãos, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil 1 – Bibliografia botânica referente à região. Rodriguésia 32 (52): 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1590/217578601980325207 BEDIAGA B. & LIMA C. H. 2015. — A “Flora Fluminensis” de frei Vellozo: uma abordagem interdisciplinar. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 10 (1): 85-107. https://doi.org/10.1590/198181222015000100005 CHURCHILL S. P. 1998. — Catalog of Amazonian Mosses. The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 85: 191-238. COELHO M. A. N., BAUMGRATZ J. F. A., LOBÃO A. Q., SYLVESTRE L. S., TROVÓ M. & SILVA L A. E. 2017. — Flora do estado do Rio de Janeiro: avanços no conhecimento da diversidade. Rodriguésia 68 (1):1-11. COSTA D. P. 2009. — Crittogame brasiliane, a review of Giuseppe Raddi bryophyte collections in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Journal of Bryology 31: 222-233. https://doi.org/10.1179/0373668 09X12495600997402 COSTA D. P., IMBASSAHY C. A. A. & SILVA V. P. A. V. 2005. — Diversidade e importância das espécies de briófitas na conservação dos ecossistemas do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rodriguésia 56 (87): 13-49. https://doi.org/10.1590/217578602005568702 COSTA T. C. C., FIDALGO E. C. C., SANTOS R. F., ROCHA J. V., METZGER J. P., VICENS R. S., TANIKA-FONSECA K. & BOHRER C. 2009. — Diversidade de paisagens no estado do Rio de Janeiro, in BERGALLO H. G., FIDALGO E. C. C., ROCHA C. F. D., UZÊDA M. C., COSTA M. B., ALVES M. A. S., VAN S. M., COSTA T. C. C. C. & COZZOLINO A. C. R. (eds), Estratégias e ações para a conservação da biodiversidade no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto Biomas: 101-110. COSTA D. P. & PERALTA D. F. 2015. — Bryophytes diversity in Brazil. Rodriguésia 66 (4): 1063-1071. https://doi.org/10.1590/21757860201566409 COSTA D. P., PERALTA D. F., SILVA M. C. & CÂMARA P. E. A. S. 2016. — Types of the moss names based on Glaziou’s collections from Brazil. Taxon 65: 839-861. https://doi.org/10.12705/654.10 203 Faria A. L. A. et al. CRANDALL-STOTLER B., STOTLER R. E. & LONG D. G. 2009. — Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta, in GOFFINET B. & SHAW A. J. (eds), Bryophyte Biology 1-54. FUNDAÇÃO SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA 2019. — Atlas da evolução dos remanescentes florestais e ecossistemas associados do domínio da mata atlântica no período 2017-2018. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações – MCTIC, São Paulo, 65 p. GOFFINET B., BUCK W. R. & SHAW A. J. 2009. — Morphology and classification of the Bryophyta, in GOFFINET B. & SHAW A. J. (eds), Bryophyte Biology. 55-138. HALLINGBÄCK T. & HODGETTS N. 2000. — Mosses, liverworts & hornworts: a status survey and conservation action plan for bryophytes. IUCN, Glande, 106 p. MARTINELLI G. & MORAES M. A. 2013. — Livro vermelho da flora do Brasil in Andrea Jakobsson, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 1100 p. MMA (MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE). 2019. — Available in: (http://www.mma.gov.br) Accessed: November 2019. RENZAGLIA K. S., VILLAREAL J. C. & DUFF R. J. 2009. — New insights into morphology, anatomy, and systematics of hornworts in GOFFINET B. & SHAW A. J. (eds), Bryophyte Biology. Cambridge University Press 138-171. RIZZINI C. T. 1954. — Flora Organensis. Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro 28: 115-246. SANTOS K. 2016. — Brazilian plant specimens at the Regnellian herbarium: history and repatriation. Rodriguésia 67 (4): 879-892. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201667403 STAFLEU F. A. & COWAN R. S. 1979. — Taxonomic literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. (ed.) Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, Utrecht, 1136 p. VANDERPOORTEN A. & HALLINGBÄCK T. 2008. — Conservation biology of bryophytes, in GOFFINET B. & SHAW A. (eds), Bryophyte Biology. Cambridge University Press 487-534. VANDERPOORTEN A., PAPP B. & GRADSTEIN S. R. 2010. — Sampling of bryophytes, in EYMANN J., DREGREEF J., HÄUSERET C. H., MONJE J. C., SAMYN Y. & SPIEGEL D. V. (eds), Manual on field recording techniques and protocols for all taxa biodiversity inventories and Monitoring. ABC Taxa 8: 331-345. VELLOZO J. M. C. 1825. — Florae fluminensis, seu, Descriptionum plantarum praefectura fluminensi sponte nascentium liber primus ad systema sexuale concinnatus. Typographia Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 352 p. VELOSO H. P. & GÓES FILHO L. 1982. — Fitogeografia brasileira, classificação fisionômica ecológica da vegetação neotropical. Boletim Técnico do Projeto RADAMBRASIL, Série Vegetação 1: 1-80. Submitted on 11 October 2020; accepted on 29 June 2021; published on 1 October 2021. 204 CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2021 • 42 (14)