Vol. 77, No. 1: 35-40, 2008 ACTA SOCIETATIS BOTANICORUM POLONIAE 35 NOMENCLATURAL CHANGES IN LIPARIS-COMPLEX (MALAXIDINAE, EPIDENDROIDEAE) DARIUSZ L. SZLACHETKO, HANNA B. MARGOÑSKA*, MAGDALENA KU£AK Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Gdañsk University Al. Legionów 9, 80-441 Gdañsk, Poland e-mail: dokhbm@univ.gda.pl (Received: May 13, 2006. Accepted: April 1, 1007) ABSTRACT Explanation of taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of few taxa of Liparis sensu lato are compiled. Taxonomic status of Disticholiparis is confirmed. New nomenclatural combinations within Stichorkis are proposed. KEY WORDS: Epidendroideae, Liparis, Cestichis, Disticholiparis, Stichorkis, Australasia INTRODUCTION The genus Liparis C.Rich. (Malaxidinae) is one of the most numerous representatives within Orchidaceae occurring in all continents except Antarctic. It embraces a few hundreds species. Most of them are known from tropical regions of the Old World. The species of Liparis are relatively not very variable in consideration of flower structure and generative parts and they are simultaneously characterized by a great diversity in vegetative parts structure, especially leaves. There some related genera were described in the beginning of 19th century (i.e. Lindley 1824, 1825, 1830; Thouars 1809) which were classified within Liparis by most of botanists after that time. Some of them were restablished just in recent years i.e. Empusa Lindl. czy Cestichis Thouars. There were some difficulties with access to original works and it caused a few perturbations in formulation of some taxa. An example of such problem is the case of Stichorkis and Cestichis. The former genus Stichorkis was proposed by du Petit-Thouars in a very peculiar way and it was discussed in details by Rasmussen (1979). However Cestichis was ascribed to du Petit-Thouars incorrectly. As a matter of fact, the name appeared in Lindley’s work (1824, nom. nuda, 1825, nom. leg., at sectional level, with description) and was adopted by Pfitzer (1887, nom. leg., at genus level). Later, Pfitzer (1897) corrected the erroneous genus name Cestichis, to its correct form – Stichorkis Thouars. Rassmussen was trying to raise the nomeclatural problem of Stichorkis and Cestichis in 1979, names of the genera appeared the first time in du Petit-Thouars’s work in 1809 (Fig. 1) and they were separated from Liparis. du Petit-Thouars in a very laconic diagnosis of Stichorkis put the information that the genus embraces 2 species: that propo- sed by Lamarck “Angraecum cespitosum” (=Epidendrum cespitosum Lam.) and the next one, which will be described later (Fig. 2). The latter species is Stichorkis distichis Thouars (1822, Fig. 3). Rassmusen also noted the information, but despite of it he proposed the lectotype for the former genus – Stichorkis distichis Thouars (=Malaxis disticha Thouars). The article 10.2. ICBN (Greuter et al. 2000) proclaims that “if in the protologue of the name of a genus [ ] the holotype or lectotype of one or more previously or simultaneously published species name (s) is definitely included [ ] the type must be chosen [ ] from among these types unless the type was indicated [ ] or designated by the author of the name [ ]”. According to the rule presented above the type of Stichorkis may be “Angraecum cespitosum” Lam. [=Epidendrum cespitosum Lam., Fig. 4] only, because it is the only valid and existing presently species name which appears in protologue of the genus. CONCLUSIONS Therefore the lectotype indicated by Rasmussen (1979) must be rejected. As a consequence of this, the genus Cestichis with the same type species as Stichorkis, must be treated as the older synonym of the latter one. Simultaneously, it should be considered as a valid genus Disticholiparis Szlach. & Marg. with Stichorkis distichis Thouars (=Disticholiparis distichis (Thouars) Marg. & Szlach.) as the type. Stichorkis Thouars Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1: 318. 1809. Type: Stichorkis cespitosum (Lam) Thouars ex Marg. (Epidendrum cespitosum Lam.) 36 NOMENCLATURAL CHANGES IN LIPARIS-COMPLEX Szlachetko D.L. et al. Fig. 1. Title page of du Petit-Thouars’ 1809. Extrait de trois Memoires lus a la premiere classe de l’Institut, sur l’histoire des plantes orchidees des iles australes d’Afrique. Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1. Fig. 2. The original typiphication of genus Stichorkis by du Petit-Thouars (1809, page 319). Fig. 3. du Petit-Thouars’ original icone of Stichorkis distichis Thouars (1822, page 88). Fig. 4. du Petit-Thouars’ icone of Stichorkis cestichis Thouars (Stichorkis cespitosum (Lam) Thouars ex Marg.) (1822, page 89). Vol. 77, No. 1: 35-40, 2008 ACTA SOCIETATIS BOTANICORUM POLONIAE Stichorchis Thouars, Orch. Iles Austr. Afr., Prem. Tabl. Esp., Tabl. Des Generes and t. 90. 1822. orth. var. of Stichorkis. Cestichis Lindl. ex Pfitz., Entwurf einer Naturlichen Arnordnung der Orchideen. Heidelber. 56. 1887. The most significant features for representatives of the genus Stichorkis are epiphytic form of life and conduplicate character of leaves. NEW NOMENCLATURAL COMBINATIONS In consequence of the presented proofs followed, new nomenclatoral combination within genus Stichorkis are necessary: Stichorkis acaulis (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis acaulis Schltr., Die Flora der Deutschen Schutzgebiete in der Südsee 102. 1905. Stichorkis aptenodytes (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis aptenodytes J. J. Sm., Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Ser.3., 10: 53. 1928. Stichorkis aurantiorbiculata (J. J. Wood & Lamb) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis aurantiorbiculata J. J. Wood & Lamb, in J. J. Wood, R. S. Beamana, J. H. Beaman, The plants of Mount Kinabalu, 2. Orchids: 243. 1993. Stichorkis balansae (Gagnep.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis balansae Gagnep., Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 79: 165. 1932. Stichorkis beccari (Ridl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis beccari Ridl., Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 22: 284. 1886. Stichorkis bicolor (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis bicolor J. J. Sm., Fl. Buitenzorg, 6: 270. 1905. Stichorkis bicuspidata (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis bicuspidata J. J. Sm., Icones Bogorienses 2: 45, t. 109 C. 1903. Stichorkis bistriata (Par. & Rchb.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis bistriata Par. & Rchb.f., Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 30: 155. 1874. Stichorkis bootanensis (Griff.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis bootanensis Griff., Notulae ad Plantas Asiaticas 98.1848. (descr.) & Not. 3: 278. 1851. (name) 37 Stichorkis brachystele (Ridl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis brachystele Ridl., Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 9: 162. 1916. Stichorkis bracteata (P. E. Hunt) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis bracteata P. E. Hunt, North Queensland Naturalist 14 (81): 9. 1946. Stichorkis brevicaulis (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis brevicaulis Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 202. 1911. Stichorkis chalandei (Finet) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis chalandei Finet, Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 55: 338. 1908. Stichorkis chapaensis (Gagnep.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis chapaensis Gagnep. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 79: 166. 1932. Stichorkis chlorantha (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis chlorantha Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 201. 1911. Stichorkis cinnabarina (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis cinnabarina J. J. Sm., Bulletin du departement de l’agriculture aux Indes Neerlandaises 19: 26. 1908. Stichorkis coelogynoides (F. Muell.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Sturmia coelogynoides F. Muell., Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae 2: 71. 1860. Stichorkis condylobulbon (Rchb. f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis condylobulbon Rchb. f., Hamburger Garten-Blumenzeitung 18: 34. 1862. Stichorkis crenulata (Bl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Malaxis crenulata Blume, Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. 393.1825 Stichorkis decursiva (Rchb.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis decursiva Rchb.f., Gardener’s Chronicle & Agricultural Gazette 2: 38. 1884. Stichorkis dendrochiloides (Averyanov.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis dendrochiloides Averyanov., Botaniceskjij Žurnal SSSR 73 (3): 432.1988. 38 NOMENCLATURAL CHANGES IN LIPARIS-COMPLEX Szlachetko D.L. et al. Stichorkis distans (C. B. Clarke) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis distans C. B. Clarke, Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 25: 71, T. 29, 1889. Stichorkis kempfii (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis kempfii Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 16: 110. 1919. Stichorkis elegans (Lindl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis elegans Lindl., The genera and species of orchidaceous plants. 1830: 30. Stichorkis kempteriana (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis kempteriana Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 208. 1911. Stichorkis elliptica (Wight) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis elliptica Wight, Icones Plantarum Indie Orientalis. 5: 1735. 1852. Stichorkis klossii (Ridl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis klossii Ridl., Kew Bulletin. 1926: 84. 1926. Stichorkis esquirolii (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis esquirolii Schltr., Fed. Rep. 12: 108. 1913. Stichorkis kinabaluensis (J. J. Wood) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis kinabaluensis J. J. Wood, Lindleyana 5 (2): 84. 1990. Stichorkis fargesii (Finet) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak Basionym: Liparis fargesii Finet, Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 55: 340. 1908. Stichorkis kwangtungensis (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis kwangtungensis Schltr., Fed. Rep. 19: 379. 1924. Stichorkis flabellata (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis flabellata J. J. Sm., Bulletin du departement de l’agriculture aux Indes Neerlandaises 19: 27. 1908. Stichorkis lacerata (Ridl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak Basionym: Liparis lacerata Ridl., Journal of Linnean Society of London. 22: 284. 1886. Stichorkis fleckeri (Nicholls.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis fleckeri Nicholls., North Queensland Naturalist 6 (53): 1. 1938. Stichorkis latibasis (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis latibasis J. J. Sm., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 11: 556. 1913. Stichorkis foetulenta (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis foetulenta J. J. Sm. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. Ser.3., 2: 32. 1920. Stichorkis laxa (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis laxa Schltr., Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 39: 60.1906. Stichorkis gibbsiae (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis gibbsiae J. J. Sm., A Contribution to the Phytogeography and Flora of the Arfak Mountains 112. 1917. Stichorkis longissima (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis longissima J. J. Sm., Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Ser. 2, 13: 6. 1914. Stichorkis grandiflora (Ridl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis grandiflora Ridl., J. Bot. 22: 333. 1884. Stichorkis luteola (Lindl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis luteola Lindl., The genera and species of orchidaceous plants. 1830: 32. 1830. Stichorkis grossa (Rchb.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis grossa Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1: 110. 1883. Stichorkis mannii (Rchb.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis mannii Rchb.f., Flora 55: 275. 1872. Stichorkis indifferens (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis indifferens J. J. Sm., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 12: 24. 1913. Stichorkis merapiensis (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis merapiensis Schltr., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 45 (104): 16. 1911. Stichorkis insectifera (Ridl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis insectifera Ridl., Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 9: 163. 1916. Stichorkis microblepharon (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis microblepharon Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 205. 1911. Vol. 77, No. 1: 35-40, 2008 ACTA SOCIETATIS BOTANICORUM POLONIAE Stichorkis monophylla (Ames) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis monophylla Ames, Orchidaceae 6: 294. 1920. Stichorkis nugentiae (F. M. Bailey) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis nugentiae F. M. Bailey, Bot. Bull. Dept. Agric., Queensland 14: 11. 1896. Stichorkis ovalis (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis ovalis Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 202. 1911. Stichorkis pallida (Bl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Malaxis pallida Blume, Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. 391. 1825. Stichorkis parviflora (Blume) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Malaxis parviflora Blume, Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië 8: 392. 1825. Stichorkis persimilis (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis persimilis Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 206. 1911. Stichorkis petelotii (Gagnep.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis petelotii Gagnep., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 79: 166. 1932. Stichorkis phalacrocorax (Halle) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis phalacrocorax Halle, Fl. N. Caled. & Depend., 8: 282. 1977. Stichorkis plantaginea (Lindl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis plantaginea Lindl., The genera and species of orchidaceous plants. 1830: 29. 1830. Stichorkis pullei (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis pullei J. J. Sm., Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, ser. 2, 13: 56. 1911. Stichorkis pusilla (Ridl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis pusilla Ridl., Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany. 22: 119.1886 Stichorkis reflexa (R. Br.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Cymbidium reflexum R. Br., Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 331. 1810. Stichorkis rhombea (J. J. Sm.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis rhombea J. J. Sm., Bulletin du departement de l’agriculture aux Indes Neerlandaises 43: 35. 1910. 39 Stichorkis scleriifolia (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis scleriifolia Schltr., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 58: 66. 1922. Stichorkis seidenfadeniana (Szlach.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis seidenfadeniana Szlach., Novon 3 (3): 302. 1993. Stichorkis serrulata (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis serrulata Schltr., Die Flora der Deutschen Schutzgebiete in der Südsee 106. 1905. Stichorkis spectabilis (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis spectabilis Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 204. 1911. Stichorkis stenostachya (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis stenostachya Schltr., Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 20. 1911. Stichorkis stricklandiana (Rchb.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis stricklandiana Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1: 232. 1880 Stichorkis swenssonii (F. M. Bailey) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis swenssonii F. M. Bailey, Queensland Agricultural Journal 16: 564. 1906. Stichorkis tenulifolia (Hook.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis tenulifolia Hook.f., Icones Plantarum 21: 2013. 1890. Stichorkis torta (Hook.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis torta Hook.f., Icones Plantarum 21: 2014. 1890. Stichorkis truncicola (Schltr.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis truncicola Schltr., Repert. Spec. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 1: 199. 1911. Stichorkis vestita (Rchb.f.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis vestita Rchb.f., Flora 55: 274. 1872. Stichorkis viridicallus (Holltum) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Liparis viridicallus Holltum, Gard. Bull. Singapore 14: 4. 1953. Stichorkis viridiflora (Bl.) Marg., Szlach. & Ku³ak, comb. nov. Basionym: Malaxis viridiflora Blume, Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. 92.1825. 40 NOMENCLATURAL CHANGES IN LIPARIS-COMPLEX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are grateful to experts Dick Brummitt, Werner Greuter, John McNeill, Gea Zijlstra and also Partick Perret for consultation and confirmation of our study results. Special thanks for Mr. Nicolas Fumeaux (G) for his help during the corresponding author’s* researches. This study was financed by KBN (Polish Committee for Scientific Research) grant No. 3P04C-082-24. LITERATURE CITED GREUTER W., McNEILL J., BARRIE F.R., BURDET H.M., DEMOULIN V., FILGUEIRAS T.S., NICOLSON D.H., SILVA P.C., SKOG J., TREHANE P., TURLAND N.J., HAWKSWORTH D. Liparis 2000. International code of botanical nomenclature (Saint Louis Code) adopted by the Sixteenth International Botanical Congress, St Louis, Missouri, July-August 1999. Regnum Veg. 138; xviii + 474 pp. LINDLEY J. 1824. In: S.T. Edwards, Consisting of Coloured Figures of Exotic Plants Cultivated in British Gardens; with their History and Mode of Treatment. Botanical register 10. London. Plates 825, 832. Szlachetko D.L. et al. LINDLEY J. 1825. In: S.T. Edwards, Consisting of Coloured Figures of Exotic Plants Cultivated in British Gardens; with their History and Mode of Treatment. Botanical register 11. London. Plate 882. LINDLEY J. 1830-1840. The genera and species of orchidaceous plants. London. PFITZER E. 1887. Entwurf einer Naturlichen Arnordnung der Orchideen. Heidelber. 108 pp. PFITZER E. 1897. Orchidaceae. in A. Engler and K. Prantl. (eds). Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien Nachtrage zum II-IV Teil. Leipzig. RASMUSSEN F.N. 1979. Nomenclatural notes on Thouars’ works on orchids. Botaniska Notiser. 132: 385-391. THOUARS du PETIT-M. A.A. 1809. Extrait de trois Memoires lus a la premiere classe de l’Institut, sur l’histoire des plantes orchidees des iles australes d’Afrique. Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1: 314-319. THOUARS du PETIT-M. A.A. 1822. Histoire particuliere des plantes orchidees recueillies sur les trois iles australes d’Afrique, de France, de Bourbon et de Madagascar. Prem. Tabl. Esp., Tabl. Des Genres and t. 90. Paris.