Typification of selected Neotropical Selaginella (Lycopodiophyta: Selaginellaceae) taxon names and some nomenclatural innovations

Iván A. Valdespino; Brigitte Zimmer

Eighty‐five Selaginella taxon names from the Neotropics are examined based on previous available revisionary work and on the study here undertaken. Of these, we provide lectotypification for thirty‐nine names, corresponding to twenty‐one species and three varieties currently accepted, and the remainders are synonyms. We also provide second‐step lectotypification for nine names, corresponding to five accepted species and four synonyms, while further documenting two previously conducted in one of each of those categories. A new variety is proposed, S. moritziana var. pearcei, and three new synonyms are recommended (i.e., S. cunninghamii [= S. muscosa ], S. daguensis [= S. xiphophylla], and S. leprieurii [= S. porelloides]). Also, we submit complementary information on herbarium sheet numbers or barcode data for most taxa, as well as for the location of duplicates of type material. Finally, of the examined taxa we recognize thirty‐six valid taxa of Selaginella, including three varieties.

TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names Typification of selected Neotropical Selaginella (Lycopodiophyta: Selaginellaceae) taxon names and some nomenclatural innovations Iván A. Valdespino1 & Brigitte Zimmer2 1 Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Apartado Postal 0824-00073, Panamá, Panama 2 Botanical Garden & Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Königin-Luise Str. 6–8, 14195 Berlin, Germany Author for correspondence: Iván A. Valdespino, iavaldespino@gmail.com ORCID: IAV, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-8289 DOI https://doi.org/10.12705/656.10 Abstract Eighty-five Selaginella taxon names from the Neotropics are examined based on previous available revisionary work and on the study here undertaken. Of these, we provide lectotypification for thirty-nine names, corresponding to twenty-one species and three varieties currently accepted, and the remainders are synonyms. We also provide second-step lectotypification for nine names, corresponding to five accepted species and four synonyms, while further documenting two previously conducted in one of each of those categories. A new variety is proposed, S. moritziana var. pearcei, and three new synonyms are recommended (i.e., S. cunninghamii [= S. muscosa], S. daguensis [= S. xiphophylla], and S. leprieurii [= S. porelloides]). Also, we submit complementary information on herbarium sheet numbers or barcode data for most taxa, as well as for the location of duplicates of type material. Finally, of the examined taxa we recognize thirty-six valid taxa of Selaginella, including three varieties. Keywords lectotypification; Neotropics; nomenclature; Selaginella INTRODUCTION Selaginella P.Beauv. (Palisot de Beauvois, 1804: 478) represents one of the oldest seedless vascular plant lineages with fossils dating back 333–350 million years ago (Banks, 2009) and is the largest of all extant lycophyte genera (Valdespino, 2015a). The only worldwide monograph of Selaginella is that of Spring (1849), which is an important source of historical, taxonomical, and nomenclatural information on the genus, being preceded by Spring’s earlier publications (1838, 1840, 1843). His work was complemented by contributions, among others in chronological order, of Braun (1857, 1865), Fée (1873), Baker (1883, 1884, 1885, 1887), Hieronymus (e.g., 1901, 1902, 1904, 1913, 1917, 1925), Alston (e.g., 1936, 1938, 1939, 1952, 1955), and Alston & al. (1981). Further progress on the taxonomy of Selaginella has taken place over the years mainly due to revisionary studies in different parts of the World. In the New World, including the Neotropics, on which this paper is focused, we can highlight leading taxonomic contributions on Selaginella assemblies, for example, the “S. rupestris group” (Tryon, 1955); the articulate species classified in “S. series Articulatae (Spring) Hieron.” (Somers, 1978); and the Central and South American species of “S. subg. Heterostachys Baker” (Valdespino, 1995). Similarly, other relevant floristic treatments for the region are those carried out for North America (Valdespino, 1993); Mexico (Smith, 1981; Mickel & Beitel, 1988; Mickel, 1992; Mickel & al., 2004); Mesoamerica (Alston, 1955; Fraile & al., 1995); West Indies (Alston, 1952); South America (Alston & al., 1981); and Brazil (Hirai & Prado, 2000; Heringer & al., 2016). Furthermore, significant advances to elucidate the phylogeny of Selaginella were achieved over the last sixteen years by Korall & al. (1999), Korall & Kenrick (2002, 2004), Arrigo & al. (2013), and Zhou & al. (2015). In terms of most recent attempts to classify Selaginella species we can point out the one by Jermy (1986, 1990), which is currently the most widely accepted system, and that of Zhou & Zhang (2015). Nevertheless, the taxonomy, classification, and phylogeny of Selaginella is still a work in progress and many names published by, among others, Baker, Braun, Fée, Hieronymus, and Spring remain to be typified, some of which are considered synonyms of other species by e.g., Alston & al. (1981) and Valdespino (1995, 2015a, b, c). In this paper we contribute to stabilize Selaginella nomenclature by providing: (1) typification of names of selected Neotropical taxa; (2) additional or complementary information on previous typifications (carrying out some second-step typifications); (3) clarification on collecting localities of types for some taxon names; and (4) new synonyms (i.e., S. cunninghamii Baker [= S. muscosa Spring], S. daguensis Hieron. [= S. xiphophylla Baker], and S. leprieurii Hieron. [= S. porelloides (Lam.) Spring]). In addition, a new taxon (i.e., Selaginella moritziana Spring var. pearcei (Baker) Valdespino) is proposed. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper is largely based on research conducted by Valdespino (1995) in connection with his doctoral thesis at NY and Received: 22 Feb 2016 | returned for (first) revision: 15 Apr 2016 | (last) revision received: 5 Jun 2016 | accepted: 22 Jun 2016 || publication date(s): online fast track, 20 Sep 2016; in print and online issues, 22 Dec 2016 || © International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) 2016 Version of Record 1391 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names on his continued revisionary work on Neotropical Selaginella, and, in particular, the study of the vast holdings of the historically important collection of that genus at B and its associated database curated as emeritus by one of us (B. Zimmer). Further complementary data derive from Somers’s (1978) doctoral thesis at TENN. We also examined herbarium material, especially type specimens, from several herbaria: A, BM, BR, CAS, DS, E, F, G, GH, GOET, K, L, LD, LE, LG, M, MICH, MIN, MO, MPU, NY, OXF, P, PH, PR, PRC, R, RB, S, TRIN, U, UC, US, VT, YU, and W. Furthermore, we consulted protologues and supporting bibliography. Based on this, we produced a preliminary list of potential Neotropical Selaginella names in need of lectotypification, which was later jointly refined at B. Final decisions on typifications are here provided. In our account, typification was undertaken following the current Code of International Nomenclature, ICN (McNeill & al., 2012) and complementary literature (i.e., Reed, 1965– 1966; Stafleu & Cowan, 1976–1988; McNeill, 2014; Prado & al., 2015). Accepted taxa that needed typification are ordered alphabetically and written in boldfaced cursive letters. Within them synonyms are listed according to their publication date in cursive letters and for those newly proposed as such “syn. nov.” was added in boldfaced letters. For each typified name the place of publication, type information, as well as herbaria location and unique identifiers (e.g. sheet numbers or barcodes), when known, are provided. Additional data (e.g., locality, geographic coordinates, collection date), as available or easily ascertained, for cited specimens were gathered either from labels or type databases, and provided in square brackets when not included in the original publication. Likewise, in separate paragraphs under each accepted species we locate remaining syntypes, including those of their synonyms, if such exist, and provide a discussion. Furthermore, for specimens citation we followed standard practice by using an exclamation mark (“!”) when these or digitized images were examined and for those not seen information submitted was derived from secondary sources (e.g., other publications, type databases). In general, the lectotypification process for all taxa was carried out after studying all available material and by choosing those specimens that most closely matched the protologue. We preferred to select as lectotypes those specimens that were seen and annotated as new by their respective authors, although this is not required by the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). This was done to avoid possible errors associated with choosing as lectotype a duplicate specimen, which may represent a different taxon other than that originally intended due to: (1) mixed gatherings occurrence; (2) duplicates distributed with the same collection number but representing different species; and (3) more than one collection affixed to the same herbarium sheet. TAXONOMIC TREATMENT As discussed above, many worldwide Selaginella names await typification; a daunting task if we consider the large number of taxa proposed in the past that falls within that category. We focused our attention on a total of 85 Neotropical taxon 1392 names that had information available from works already cited (i.e., mainly Valdespino, 1995, and, to some extent, Somers, 1978) that, in addition, could be checked with literature at hand, internet database resources, and physically examined at B. Of these, we provide lectotypification for thirty-nine names, corresponding to twenty-one species and three varieties currently accepted, and the remainders are synonyms. We also provide second-step lectotypification for nine names, corresponding to five accepted species names and four synonyms, while further documenting two previously conducted in one of each of those categories. Furthermore, we supply new herbaria unique identifiers for taxa and, for some of these, located additional duplicates. Finally, a new variety and three new synonyms are proposed. Selaginella bernoullii Hieron. in Hedwigia 41: 192. 1902 – Lectotype (designated by Mickel & al. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 562. 2004): Guatemala. [Quiché], between Cubulco and Joyabaj, Sep 1870, K.G. Bernoulli 1121 (B barcode B 20 0084438!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0084436!, K barcode K000589280!, P barcode P00559202!). Remaining syntypes: Guatemala. Quiché, between Cubulco et Joyabaj, Sep 1870, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 160 (B barcodes B 20 0084434! & B 20 0084435!, P barcode P00559201!). New here are the barcodes of the lecto-, isolecto- and remaining syntypes. Selaginella broadwayi Hieron. in Hedwigia 58: 317. 1917 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Alston in J. Bot. 72: 37. 1934, second-step designated here): Trinidad. Government House Gardens, [10°28′07″ N, 61°15′11″ W], 18 Nov 1907, W.E. Broadway 1934 (B barcode B 20 0095101! [bottom right packet “c”]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0095101! [two packets at the top “a & b”], BM barcode BM000936506!, BR barcode 000006964924!, G barcodes G00349185! & G00349186!, MO barcode MO716295!, NY barcode 00074288!, US barcode 00135673!, Z barcode Z000005287). Hieronymus originally cited only one collection, W.E. Broadway 1934, but indicated no herbarium. Hieronymus worked at B and a sheet of that collection found there could be considered the holotype if it can be shown that it consists of a single specimen and that he only used this element to describe the species (see McNeill, 2014). Nevertheless, there are not only duplicates of that gathering at other herbaria, but also duplicates on the same herbarium sheet at B. The latter containing three separate packets: (1) one duplicate coming from the US, (2) another with a typical printed Broadway label, and (3) one with handwritten information. Any of these could be used to lectotypify the name. This is what apparently Alston (1934: 37) did by citing “Broadway 1934 (‘f ’ Hieron., type)”, where “f ” presumably means “fide” and, therefore, this is considered a first-step lectotypification according to Art. 9.19 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Nonetheless, since two of the packets at the herbarium sheet at B bear an annotation slip by Hieronymus as “Selaginella broadwayi Hieron. n. sp.”, we provide a second-step lectotypification according to Art. 9.17 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names Selaginella carioi Hieron. in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 688. 1901 – Lectotype (designated here): Guatemala. Zacapa, inter Barbesco et Gualan, Aug 1870, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 154 (B barcode B 20 0142834!; isolectotype: P barcode P00573861 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes: Guatemala. Zacapa, Río Motagua inter Barbesco et Gualan, [15°42′07″ N, 90°21′22″ W], Aug 1870, K.G. Bernoulli 955 (B barcodes B 20 0142833! [material at the bottom “a”] & B 20 0142835! [packet at the top “b”], BM barcode BM000936500 [digital image!], K, NY barcode 00020650!, P barcode P00573863 [digital image!]); Alta Verapaz, Río Chisoy, Sep 1870, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 172 (B barcode B 20 0142835! [packet at the bottom “a”], P barcode P00573862 [digital image!]), Sep 1870, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 1087 (B barcode B 20 0142833! [the four plants at the top “b”]). Hieronymus (1901) cited only Guatemala but no specimen. Later, he (1902: 198) mentioned various specimens. The collection K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 154 at B is chosen here as the lectotype. Besides agreeing with the protologue, it is the only specimen among the original material with a handwritten species description by Hieronymus. Selaginella cavifolia A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 272. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): [Colombia. Cundinamarca], Bogotá, Boquerón, 2700 m, A. Lindig 1511 (B barcode B 20 0095108!; isolectotypes: BM barcode BM000936526!, K barcode K000589070!, P barcodes P00559345! & P00559344 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes: [Colombia. Cundinamarca, Soacha], Salto de Tequendama, [4°35′10″ N, 74°18′00″ W], J.J. Triana s.n. (B barcode B 20 0095109!, BM barcode BM000936527!). There is a specimen at B (B 20 0095362!) that apparently represents A. Fendler 324, labeled with a different species name by Braun that we believe is Selaginella cavifolia. However, that same collection number in various herbaria, including B, corresponds to other species as defined here, for example S. flagellata Spring and S. tenella (P.Beauv.) Spring. Selaginella decomposita Spring in Martius, Fl. Bras. 1(2): 123. 1840 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. [Rio de Janeiro, Serra dos Órgãos, May 1839], J.B.A. Guillemin s.n. [Cat. No. 962] (P barcode P00044839!; isolectotypes: photo BM barcode BM000066664, G!, P barcode P00044838!). = Selaginella subsegregata Baker in J. Bot. 21: 334. 1883 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, [Serra dos Órgãos, 5 Apr 1870], A.F.M. Glaziou 4501 (K [received 10/71 (Oct 1871)] barcode K000589279!; isolectotypes: P barcodes P00573901 [digital image!] & P00573902 [with no locality or collection date; digital image!]). = Selaginella assurgens Baker in J. Bot. 22: 277. 1884 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, [Petropolis, 29 Oct 1875], A.F.M. Glaziou 7968 (K barcode K000589118!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0094939!, C, P barcodes P00044842! & P00044843!). = Selaginella fusca Silveira in Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Geol. Estado Minas Geraes 5: 123. 1898 – Holotype: Brazil. Minas Gerais, [in gruta da] Serra Negra, inter urbem Lima Duarte et Rio Preto [between the cities of Lima Duarte and Rio Preto], Jul 1898, H. Magalhães s.n. (No. 2918 in herb. Com. Geog. et Geolog. Civitatis Minas Geraes) (R [as Hebarium Silveira No. 162] barcode R179575!; isotypes: B barcode B 20 0095194!, fragm. BM [as No. 162] barcode BM000905704!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella decomposita: Brazil. [São Paulo], in provincia Sebastianopolitana [Sebastianópolis], [Jan 1821], G.H. von Langsdorff s.n. (K barcode K000589167!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella assurgens: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, [Monte de Itatiaia, 7 Jun 1871], A.F.M. Glaziou 5215 (B barcode B 20 0094937!, C, K barcode K000589121!, P barcodes P00044840!, P00044841! & P00559334!); A.F.M. Glaziou 5637 (B barcode B 20 0094938!, C, K barcode K000639233!, P barcode P00559333!); [Orgãos Mountains, 1837], G. Gardner 76 (K barcode K000589119!); without specific locality, W.J. Burchell 2238 (K barcode K000589120!). Alston & al. (1981) cited one syntype of Selaginella decomposita (i.e., G.H. von Langsdorff s.n.) at B with a question mark; however, despite our search at that herbarium we could not find that specimen. In the case of Selaginella subsegregata, it may be argued that no lectotypification is needed because Baker cited only one collection (i.e., A.F.M. Glaziou 4501) when describing the species. Nevertheless, duplicates of that collection housed at various herbaria were, apparently, gathered at different localities and dates by Glaziou. For example, A.F.M. Glaziou 4501 at P (P00573901) was collected in Serra dos Órgãos on 5 Apr 1870. This specimen matches well those at K (K000589279) and another one at P (P00573902), that do not bear locality information nor a collection date. On the other hand, another specimen labeled A.F.M. Glaziou 4501 at P (P00573903) was collected in Halto [Alto] de Macahé on 12 Mar 1870 and seems to match better a duplicate at B (B 20 0095563), which has no locality information nor a collection date. Other authors have already commented on the disparity often found with Glaziou’s collections. The nomenclatural implications of Glaziou’s numbering methods were reviewed by Valdespino (2015b). Based on this we consider it necessary to settle the matter by selecting here as lectotype the specimen at K, which was certainly seen by Baker and to propose as isolectotypes the ones that match it, excluding from type consideration A.F.M. Glaziou 4501 at P (P00573903) and B (B 20 0095563). We provide specific barcode information for the type of Selaginella fusca and locate its holotype at R. The latter is done taking in consideration that: (1) Silveira (1898) specifically cited a single specimen housed at a specific herbarium (i.e, herb. Com. Geog. et Geolog. Civitatis Minas Geraes), which was the only element used to describe his new species and (2) Silveira’s types originally located at “herb. Com. Geog. et Geolog. Civitatis Minas Geraes” are now housed at R, as discussed at-large by Valdespino (2015b) and references therein. In doing so we followed Art. 9.1, Note 1, Ex.1 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Selaginella delicatissima Linden ex A.Braun, Append. Pl. Nov. Hort. Berol. 1857: 13. 1857 – Holotype: Hort. Berol., ex Version of Record 1393 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names Hort. Borsig von Linden erhalten [received from Linden], Apr 1857, sine collector (B barcode B 20 0163877!). = Selaginella saccharata A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 272. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): Mexico. [Sierra de S. Cristobal, 1853], comm. Schultz Bip., C.C.W. Sartorius s.n. (B barcode B 20 0168559!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0168560!, NY barcode 00144178!, fragm. US barcode 00135702 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella saccharata: Mexico. [Veracruz, Mirador, 1856], C.C.W. Sartorius s.n. (B barcode B 20 0168558! [material mounted at the bottom]); without locality, comm. Schultz Bip., C.C.W. Sartorius & J.G. Schaffner ? s.n. (B barcode B 20 0168557!). Here we provide the specific barcode number for the type of Selaginella delicatissima. Additionally, we select as lectotype of S. saccharata the specimen C.C.W. Sartorius s.n. communicated by Schultz Bip., because it matches the protologue. Selaginella deltoides A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 5, 3: 287. 1865 ≡ Selaginella trifurcata Baker in J. Bot. 21: 98. 1883 (homotypic by type designation by Alston & al. in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 9: 298. 1981) – Lectotype (first-step designated by Alston & al. in op. cit., secondstep designated here): Brazil. [Amazonas], prope Panuré, ad Rio Uaupés, R. Spruce 2532 (B barcode B 20 0095165! [two fragments mounted at the center “B”]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0130962!, BM barcode BM000905710!, BR barcode 00000696525!, CGE, GH barcode 00057068!, K barcode K000589188! [lectotype of S. trifurcata], fragm. NY barcode 00022868!, OXF!, P barcode P00559331! & P00573927 [digital image!], RB barcode RB00691197!, W barcode 1889-0202458!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella deltoides: Brazil. [Amazonas], prope Panuré, Rio Uaupés, R. Spruce 2535 (BM!, K!). As pointed out by Valdespino (2015c), Selaginella deltoides and its synonym, S. trifurcata, is a much-confused species. Alston & al. (1981) subsumed both under S. muscosa, but the characters discussed by Valdespino (1995, 2015c) serve to separate them. The confusion probably originates from the fact that duplicates of the syntypes of S. deltoides (e.g., R. Spruce 2535) represent one or two different species at different herbaria as discussed by Valdespino (1995, 2015c). Furthermore, material of R. Spruce 2532 on the same sheet as the lecto- and isolectotype, respectively of S. deltoides and S. trifurcata at B but labeled as “A” is actually S. brevifolia Baker. Therefore, R. Spruce 2532 at B barcode B 20 0095165 “A”! and R. Spruce 2535 at BR!, G!, P barcodes P01244267 [digital image!] & P04026284!, RB barcode RB00691198! are excluded as remaining syntypes of S. deltoides. We provide here a second-step lectotypification for S. deltoides in order to fix the application of the species name and to avoid further misunderstanding. In the case of S. trifurcata, Valdespino (2015c) considered the specimen at K as the holotype. Now we realized, however, that since Baker (1883: 98) did not cite a collection number there is no certainty which specimen he actually used to describe the species. Therefore, the species needed lectotypification. Alston (1934, 1936) seems to have been the first one to assign 1394 the collection number “2532” to what was considered S. trifurcata. Later, Alston & al. (1981: 298) inadvertently lectotypified S. trifurcata by locating the “type” at K. We confirm here their lectotypification and give, for the first time, a full account on the isolectotypes of that taxon. Selaginella diffusa (C.Presl) Spring in Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 10(1): 143. 1843 ≡ Lycopodium diffusum C.Presl, Reliq. Haenk.: 78. 1825, nom. illeg., non R.Br. 1810 – Holotype: Panama. Without exact locality, T. Haenke s.n. (PR No. 24294 [digital image!]; isotypes: B barcode B 20 0119503! [plant fragment mounted at the left “a”], K barcode K000589144!, PRC [digital image!]). = Selaginella ciliauricula Spring in Mém. Acad. Roy. Belgique 24: 219. 1849 – Lectotype (designated here): Columbia [Venezuela]. Mérida, Nov, J.W.K. Moritz 380 (B barcode B 20 0095111!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0095110!, BR barcode 000006964894!, G barcode G00349257!, K barcode K000589142 [digital image!], LG, MPU barcode MPU020492 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella ciliauricula: Columbia [Colombia]. [Magdalena], Chivada de Santa Marta, Nov [1848], W. Purdie s.n (BM barcode BM000936587 [digital image!], K barcode K000589143 [digital image!]). We studied the type material of Selaginella diffusa located at B, K, and PR, for which barcode numbers are given for the first time, and PRC. We agree with Somers (1978: 301) in treating the specimen at PR (No. 24294 [digital image!]) as the holotype, which is clearly annotated by Presl. Therefore, we reject the possible inadvertent lectotypification by Reed (1965–1966: 101) given that the duplicate at B obviously consists of a fragment detached from the specimen at PR much later after the publication of Lycopodium diffusum, must probably being taken by or given to Braun. In doing so we are following Art. 8.3, Ex. 5 and Art. 9.1, Note 1 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). We further, clarify which one of the two collections mounted on the same sheet at B (i.e., barcode B 20 0119503! [plant fragment at the left “a”]) is considered an isotype. The other remaining fragment mounted on that sheet and marked as “b” corresponds to H. Bertolini 598, a specimen collected in San José, Costa Rica in Apr 1912 and originating from the herbarium of O. Jiménez. In the case of S. ciliauricula we selected, after examination of the two sheets of original material of J.W.K. Moritz 380 at B, as lectotype B 20 0095111, being more complete and fertile. Selaginella estrellensis Hieron. in Hedwigia 41: 200. 1902 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Alston in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 1: 249. 1955), second-step designated here): Costa Rica. Cartago, Estrella, [9°46′42″ N, 83°57′35″ W], 1400 [1341] m, [Apr 1888], J.J. Cooper 6062 (B barcode B 20 0142879!; isolectotypes: BM barcode BM001055157, K, NY barcode 00144106!, P barcode P00559317 [digital image!], US barcode 00135681 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes Selaginella estrellensis: Costa Rica. [Cartago], La Carpintera, 25 Feb 1888, H.F. Pittier et A. Tonduz Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names “ex plantis quas ediderunt Pittier et Durant 48” (B barcode B 20 0142880! [lower right packet], P barcode P00559318 [digital image!]). Hieronymus (1902) cited three collections under this species. Alston (1955: 249) cited “Cooper 6062 (BM; K; NY; W, type collection)” and, therefore, this is considered a first-step lectotypification according to Art. 9.19 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). One thing that needs to be taken into consideration is that Alston (1955) did not necessarily use current herbaria codes and, for example, what he cited as “W” refers to the herbarium of the Smithsonian Institution, currently designated as “US” and not the herbarium of the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, which he cited as “V”, nowadays designated as “W”. We provide here a second-step lectotypification according to Art. 9.17 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012) selecting the specimen at B because it is not only annotated by Hieronymus as “n. sp.” but also it has in his handwriting the distinguishing characters that separate the new species from Selaginella guatemalensis Baker, as mentioned in the protologue. Selaginella eurynota A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 293. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): Costa Rica. [Guanacaste, Aguacate, 10°33′00″ N, 84°57′00″ W], Aug 1857, C. Hoffmann 907 (B barcode B 20 0142862!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0142863!, K [not located]). When Selaginella eurynota was described by Braun (1865) only one collection was cited (i.e., C. Hoffmann 907), however, there are two duplicates of it determined as such at B in Braun’s handwriting. One can argue that Reed (1965–1966: 109) had inadvertently lectotypified the species by citing a presumed syntype at K as “type”, and was apparently unaware of the two duplicates at B. We tried to locate the specimen cited by Reed (1965–1966) through a search using the Herbarium Catalogue at Kew (2016) but could not find it. Further inquiries to curatorial staff at K confirmed that the C. Hoffmann 907 collection is not there. Therefore, we provide a new lectotypification based on the study of the protologue and the original material, specifying one of the herbarium sheets at B as the lectotype. Selaginella flacca Alston in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 9: 269. 1981 – Holotype: Venezuela. Dist. Federal [not Miranda], Quebrada Seburan [Sebucán], prope Caracas, A. Ernst 1765 (BM barcode BM000936528!, photo NY!). = Selaginella moritziana var. conferta A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sér. 5, 3: 284. 1865 – Holotype: [Venezuela. Aragua], Colonia Tovar, A. Fendler s.n. (G!). = Selaginella moritziana var. laxa A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 284. 1865 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Reed in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 161. 1965–1966, secondstep designated here): Venezuela. [Aragua, Colonia Tovar, misit 1849], H. Karsten s.n. (B barcode B 20 0126440! [material mounted at the top “1a”]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella moritziana var. laxa: Venezuela. [Aragua, Colonia Tovar, s.d.], H. Karsten s.n. (B barcode B 20 0126440! [small central packet “2b” and lower packet “3c”]); c [communivit]., 1857, H. Karsten s.n. (B barcode B 20 0126439! [material mounted at the top “1c” and at the bottom left]). Braun (1865: 285) cited “In Venezuela leg. H. Karsten (H. Ter.)” when establishing Selaginella moritziana var. laxa. Presumably “H. Ter.” is a misprint for “H. Ber.” (i.e., B), as it is cited elsewhere in Braun (1865). There are two herbarium sheets at B! (i.e., B 20 0126439 and B 20 0126440) with Karsten’s collection containing what appear to be several duplicates each. We selected as second-step lectotype the one specimen presumably sent and received at B in 1849 not only because it was most likely studied first by Braun and agrees well with the protologue but also it is an unambiguous gathering. There are other Karsten collections without date or number and with a different locality (i.e., Barquisimeto), for example, at P! (P00559308) and W! (W 1889-0128549) or located in Colombia and labeled Karsten No. 6 at JE! (JE00013919) that also represent Sellaginella flacca. These cannot adequately be considered either isolecto- or syntypes because of the ambiguity of the locality and, furthermore, the material had clearly not been seen by Braun, thus, they were excluded from type consideration. Selaginella flagellata Spring in Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 10(1): 228. 1843 – Lectotype (designated by Mickel & al. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 562. 2004): Guyana Gallica [French Guiana]. Ad rivulos Oyapok superioris [Upper Oyapok River], Jun 1833, F.M.R. Leprieur s.n. (G barcode G00349350!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0095183!, P barcodes P00044878! & P00044879!, US barcode 00512784; possible isolectotype: GH!). = Selaginella ambigua A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot, sér. 5, 3: 286. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): [Venezuela. Sucre], Cumaná, S. Quebrada del Impossible, [ad saxa pr. flum. Rip., 1844], J.W.K. Moritz 221 (B barcode B 20 0094845! [material mounted at the center at the top “a”]). = Selaginella leptostachya A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 289. 1865 – Holotype: [Colombia. Boyacá], Muzo Minas, 700 m, [Dec 1859], A. Lindig 1514 (B barcode B 20 0095292!; isotypes: BM barcode BM000905691!, K barcode K000589192!, fragm. NY barcode 00020667!, P barcodes P00044880! & P00559304!, fragm. US barcode 00135729!). = Selaginella regularis Baker in J. Bot. 22: 277. 1884 – Holotype: Peru. [San Martín], eastern Peru, near Tarapoto, [09°09′49.54″ S, 74°22′32.26″ W], [1855–1856], R. Spruce 3977 (K barcode K000200282!; isotypes: fragm. B barcode B 20 0095468!, BM barcodes BM000200282! & BM000905672!, BR barcode 000006964504!, E barcode E00014861!, G barcodes G00349352 & G00349353, OXF!, fragm. S No. S-P-4837 [digital image!], W barcode 1889-0202475!). = Selaginella rhizophora Baker in J. Bot. 22: 244. 1884 – Lectotype (designated here): [Panama]. In woods near the town of San Juan [in sylvis prope Villa San Juan, fide label], Oct 1846, B.C. Seemann 29 (K barcode K000589190! [upper four plants]). Version of Record 1395 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names = Selaginella reptans Sodiro, Crypt. Vasc. Quit.: 597, 609. 1893 – Lectotype (designated here): Ecuador. [Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas], cerca de San Miguel de los Colorados, Río Toachi, ca. 800 m, [Sep 1892], A. Sodiro s.n. (P barcode P00044847!). = Selaginella ambigua var. fallax Hieron. in Hedwigia 58: 317. 1917 – Lectotype (designated here): Trinidad. G.S. Jenman 7 [3456] (B barcode B 20 0094883!; isolectotype: NY barcode 00022874!). = Selaginella ambigua var. minor Hieron. in Hedwigia 58: 316. 1917 – Lectotype (designated here): Trinidad. Ex reliquiis Cruegerianis, Purdianis ect. Hart distributa [on label says arranged (distributed?) by J.H. Hart], 1888, H. Crueger & W. Purdie 193 (B barcodes B 20 0094890! [part 1] & B 20 0094889! [part 2]). = Selaginella othmeri Hieron. in Hedwigia 58: 324. 1917 – Lectotype (designated here): Trinidad. Avantilley-valley in declivibus siccis, 14 Nov 1903, B. Othmer 185 (B barcode B 20 0095382!; isolectotype: fragm. B barcode B 20 0095383!). = Selaginella purdiei Hieron. in Hedwigia 58: 322. 1917 – Lectotype (designated here): Trinidad. [10°28′07.11″ N, 61°15′11.42″ W], 1877–1878, A. Fendler 42 p.p. (B barcode B 20 0095464!; isolectoypes: BM barcode BM000905705!, K barcode K000589189!, M!, NY barcodes 00022869!, 00022870!, 00022871!, 00022872! & 00022873!, S No. S-R7481!, UC barcode UC 953013!, VT barcode UVMVT015721 [digital image!], YU barcode YU.006370! [all originally labeled A. Fendler 42 and identified on the label as S. patula Sw.]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella flagellata: Guyana Gallica [French Guiana]. In rupibun ad flum. Oyapok, 1834, F.M.R. Leprieur s.n. (G barcode G00349351!, P barcodes P00559307! & P00044885!); 1836, F.M.R. Leprieur s.n. (P barcode P00044884!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella ambigua: [Venezuela. Aragua, Colonia Tovar], A. Fendler [324] p.p. (B barcode B 20 0094845! [central packet “b”, two plants at the left, below packet “c”, and plant at the right “d”, comm. Engelmann], GH!, MO barcode MO-1807716! [marked as “a”], YU barcode YU.000718!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella rhizophora: [Panama]. In sylvis prope urbe Panama [in woods near the town of Panamá], [Nov 1846], B.C. Seemann 32 (fragm. B barcode B 20 0095472! [duplicate ex herb. Kew], K barcode K000589191!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella reptans: Ecuador. [Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas], San Miguel, A. Sodiro s.n. (P); Andes of Quito, Sodiro s.n. (P) [both, fide Alston & al., 1981: 273]; Andes Quitenses, A. Sodiro 47/8 (B barcode B 20 0095469!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella ambigua var. fallax: Trinidad. 1878–1880, A. Fendler 42 (B barcode B 20 0094877!), 1878–1880, A. Fendler 108 (B barcode B 20 0094878!, M!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella ambigua var. minor: Trinidad. Ex reliquiis Crueger., Purd. ect. arranged by Hart 1888, H. Crueger & W. Purdie 186 (B barcodes B 20 0094884! [part 1] & B 20 094885! [part 2]), H. Crueger & W. Purdie 187 1396 (B barcode B 20 0094886!), arranged by Hart 1896, H. Crueger & W. Purdie 189 (B barcode B 20 0094887!), [H. Crueger & W. Purdie] 192 (B barcode B 20 0094888!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella othmeri: Trinidad. Santa Cruz mountains, on banks, 5 Dec 1907, W.E. Broadway 1988 p.p. (B barcode B 20 0095384!), vide label locality lost, but somewhere about Trinidad, possibly Santa Cruz, at Providence, 1908, W.E. Broadway 3286 (B barcodes B 20 0095385! & B 20 0095387!). Selaginella flagellata has many synonyms as shown above. When it was first described by Spring (1843) he only cited “Hab. in Guyana gallica (Le Prieur)” but later (Spring, 1849: 208) elaborated more and wrote “Hab. in Guyana gallica [rupes dense obtegens ad rivulus Oyapok superioris, fr. Jun.: Le Prieur (H.M.P., H. Deless.)”. Therefore, in selecting the lectotype Mickel & al. (2004: 562) only considered specimens at G and P but there are isolectotypes in other herbaria as listed above. We carried out lectotypification of Selaginella ambigua, S. ambigua var. fallax, S. ambigua var. minor, S. othmeri, S. purdiei, S. reptans, and S. rhizophora, and, while providing additional barcode information on S. leptostachya and S. regularis. When describing Selaginella reptans, Sodiro (1893: 597 and 609 [note that, apparently, there are two versions of the same book published on 15 Aug 1893 but with different pagination]) listed the species under genus 47 (= Selaginella) with the species number “8” and mentioned it as growing in the tropic to 800 m and gives two localities: “San Miguel de los Colorados al paso del río Toachi” and “en las cercanías de Puente de Chimbo”. These localities fall within the current province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Alston & al. (1981: 273) cited three specimens at P but we have only seen the one selected here as the lectotype in addition to another at B labeled Sodiro 47/8. That number corresponds to the placement of the species in Sodiros’s treatment, but in the absence of specific locality information it is considered here a remaining syntype. Hieronymus (1917: 317) listed three syntypes under Selaginella ambigua var. fallax: G.S. Jenman 7 (3456), A. Fendler 42, and A. Fendler 108. We selected the Jenman specimen because it is an unambiguous collection annotated by Hieronymus. Some specimens corresponding to A. Fendler 42 (K! [K000589189], NY! [00022869, 00022870, 00022871, 00022872, 00022873], S! [S-R-7481], UC! [UC 953013], US!, YU! [YU.006370]) were originally treated as syntypes of this variety by Valdespino (1995). Nevertheless, because their collection date is given as “1877–1878” they are here treated as isolectotypes of S. purdiei. This may also apply to duplicates of that collection at GH, M, and US but we failed to see them again to properly determine their type status. Nevertheless, they definitively are considered S. flagellata as originally determined by Valdespino (1995). Furthermore, A. Fendler 108 at YU (YU.006403) collected in 1877–1878 is S. tenella. Additionally, in Smith & Todzia (1989) A. Fendler 42 and A. Fendler 108 correspond to fern species and not to Selaginella. In the case of Selaginella ambigua var. minor, five herbarium specimens bear on their label the annotation “arranged [distributed?] by J.H. Hart a[nno]. 1888”, as mentioned in the Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names protologue. The lectotype chosen has been mounted at B on two herbarium sheets, but were originally part of a single gathering and contain handwritten information by Hieronymus concerning spore characters like in the protologue. Finally, in the case of Selaginella othmeri, an additional specimen of W.E. Broadway 3286 at B! (B 20 0095386) sent by US labeled Trinidad but “Precise locality doubtful” represents a mixed collection containing S. flagellata and S. muscosa. Furthermore, it only has a photocopied determination label by Hieronymus and, thus, it is excluded as type material. Selaginella flexuosa Spring in Flora 21: 197. 1838 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. [Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis, Serra da Estrela], s.d., F. Sellow s.n. (B barcode B 20 0129527! [material at left “A”]; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0129513! [material at the top right “A” and at the bottom right “B”], B 20 0129526! [material at left “A” and at right “B”] & B 20 012952! [material at right “B”], LE barcode LE 00000308 [digital image!]). = Selaginella flexuosa var. tortifolia Spring in Flora 21: 197. 1838 – Type: Specimen Owhyhiense ex Herb. Soc. Hort. Lond. in Herb. Mart. (presumably BR). = Selaginella bella Fée, Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 2: 100, t. 108, fig. 3. 1873 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. [Rio de Janeiro], Petrópolis, [24 Mar 1870], A.F.M. Glaziou 4491 (P barcode P00044871!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0094953!, F!, K barcode K000589102!, P barcode P00044872!, US barcode 00135712!). = Selaginella faucium Liebmann ex Baker in J. Bot. 21: 333. 1883 – Lectotype (designated here): Mexico. [Veracruz], [Barranca de] Huitamalco, [May 1841], F.M. Liebmann s.n. (K barcode K000589115 [digital image!, lower three plants on herbarium sheet]; isolectotypes: fragm. B barcode B 20 0142856!, LE barcode LE 00000307 [digital image!]; possible isolectotypes: C [as 2047, fide Mickel & al. 2004: 571], fragm. NY barcode 00144109!, YU barcode YU.006334, fragm. US [as 2047, fide Mickel & al. 2004: 571]). = Selaginella tarapotensis Baker in J. Bot. 21: 98–99. 1883 – Lectotype (designated by Reed in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 224. 1965–1966): Peru. [Loreto], in monte Guayrapurima, prope Tarapoto, [9°09′49.54″ S, 74°22′32.26″ W], [Aug 1856], R. Spruce 4625 (BM barcode BM000905667!; isolectotypes: fragm. B barcode B 20 0095597!, BR barcodes 000006964863! & 000006965136!, K barcode K000200296!, fragm. NY barcode 00144209!, US barcode 00135745!, W barcode 1889-0202472!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella flexuosa: Brazil. [Rio de Janeiro], Corcovado circa Rio de Janeiro, G.H. von Langsdorff s.n. (BR? [fide Alston & al., 1981: 282], M barcode M-0274886!, P barcodes P00044869! & P00044870!), Corcovado circa Rio de Janeiro, G. Raddi s.n. (BR? [fide Alston & al., 1981: 282]); [in umbrosis Brasiliae], A.N. Desvaux s.n. (not located [fide Spring, 1840: 123]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella bella: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, [Tijuca, 27 Feb 1870], A.F.M. Glaziou 4494 (B barcode B 20 0094954!, P barcodes P00559302 [digital image!] & P00559303 [digital image!]), Morro Queimado, [17 Apr 1870], A.F.M. Glaziou 4504 (A!, B barcode B 20 0129522!, GH!, P barcodes P00044873! & P00044874!, US). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella faucium: Mexico. [Veracruz], Hacienda de Jovo, [Jun], F.M. Liebmann s.n. (K barcode K000589114 [digital image!, two plants mounted at the top], C [as 2048, fide Mickel & al. 2004: 571]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella tarapotensis: Peru. [Loreto], in monte Campana, prope Tarapoto, [9°09′49.54″ S, 74°22′32.26″ W], [Aug 1856], R. Spruce 4625 (E barcode E00014865!, G barcodes G00349412! & G00349413!, K barcode K000200294!, P barcode P00044831!). When Spring (1838: 197) described Selaginella flexuosa, he cited “Selaginella flexuosa (Flora bras.)”, in reference to his treatment of that genus, presumably finished and submitted for Martius’s Flora Brasiliensis, which was published in 1840. In addition, Spring (1838: 197) established var. tortifolia under S. flexuosa citing a specimen at Herb. Mart. (i.e., Hebarium Martius). Therefore, in typifying the species name we have to consider and treat as syntypes all original material seen for Flora Brasiliensis as well as that of var. tortifolia, which presumably should be housed at BR. We have not located the type specimen of var. tortifolia at the virtual herbarium of BR and apparently no other author has, that we are aware of. We have studied original material of F. Sellow s.n. at B and M, as well as seen an image from LE (ex herb. Reg. Berol.) being indeed S. flexuosa. The material at B and M was originally annotated by Spring, and we have selected the lectotype from the former. Other Sellow collections at B and K are S. macrostachya (Spring) Spring. Additionally, we have not located a perfect match for the G. Raddi s.n. collection and it may represent a different species, including S. jungermannioides Spring at K and S. As lectotype of Selaginella bella we selected A.F.M. Glaziou 4491 at P because it agrees well with the protologue. In the case of the lectotype of Selaginella faucium there are two Liebmann collections on the same herbarium sheet at K representing this taxon, we have chosen as lectotype the one at the lower part, which not only agrees well with the protologue but also is more complete material. Selaginella faucium Liebm. ex E.Fourn. was published without a description or a diagnosis or a reference to a former one and, therefore, it is a nomen nudum (i.e., not validly published) according to the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Reed (1965–1966: 224) inadvertently lectotypified Selaginella tarapotensis and erroneously gave as the collection date “Aug. 1865”; however, later, Alston & al. (1981: 303) provided another inadvertent lectotypification for this taxon. We here followed Reed’s lectotypification according to Art. 9.19 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012), correct the collection date given by him, and provide barcode numbers for lecto- and isolectotypes. Curiously, there is a duplicate collection of R. Spruce 4625 at LE (LE 00000326, image!) determined as isotype of S. tarapotensis that may indeed be S. flexuosa, but we cannot determine it from the image seen. Another specimen of “Monte Campana, R. Spruce 4626” at LE (LE 00000325, image!) is determined as S. tarapotensis but it seems to be an articulate Selaginella Version of Record 1397 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names species and not S. flexuosa, thus, it should be excluded from type consideration. Selaginella fuertesii Hieron. in Urban, Symb. Antill. 7: 164. 1912 – Lectotype (designated here): Santo Domingo [Dominican Republic]. [Barahona], in montibus humidis, 900 m, Nov 1910, M. Fuertes 537 (B barcode B 20 0127118! [packet on lower part]; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0127118! [packet at the top], B 20 0084431! & B 20 0084432!, BM barcode BM000634430 [digital image!], GH barcode 00022052 [digital image!], GOET barcode GOET009126 [digital image!], K barcode K000589304!, LE barcode LE 00000309 [digital image!], MIN barcode 1002353 [digital image!], P barcodes P00252704 [digital image!] & P00252705 [digital image!], S No. S-R-5651 [digital image!], U barcode U 0007524 [digital image!], US barcode 00135682!). Hieronymus (1912: 164) only cited one collection (i.e., M. Fuertes 537) when describing this species. Nevertheless, there are three sheets of it at B, one of which has two separate packets with abundant, fertile material, which are all presumably syntypes, along with the ones at other herbaria cited above. We selected as lectotype the packet on the lower portion of B (B 20 0127118) because it has more fertile material than the other syntypes. Selaginella guatemalensis Baker in J. Bot. 21: 243. 1883 – Lectotype (designated by Alston in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 1: 243. 1955): Guatemala. [Alta Verapaz], Coban [Cobán], O. Salvin & F.D.C. Godman s.n. (K barcode K000589101!). = Selaginella lehmannii Hieron. in Hedwigia 43: 33. 1904 – Holotype: Guatemala. Baja Verapaz, near Puxulá, [1700 m], 28 Apr 1882, F.C. Lehmann 1329 (B barcode B 20 0127202!; isotypes: BM, K barcode K000589099 [digital image!], LE barcode LE 00000317 [digital image!], US barcode 00135688!). = Selaginella pansamalensis Hieron. in Hedwigia 43: 35. 1904 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Alston in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 1: 244. 1955, second-step designated here): Guatemala. Alta Verapaz, Pansamalá, 1000– 1200 m, Jun 1885, H. Türckheim ex plantis guatemalensibus, quas edidit John Donnell-Smith 653 (B barcode B 20 0119559!; isolectotypes: NY barcode 00074294!, P barcode P00573752 [digital image!], US!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella pansamalensis: Guatemala. Alta Verapaz, near Cobán, 1400–1500 m, Apr 1879, H. Türckheim Fl. Guatemal. Edit C. Keck 79 (B barcodes B 20 0119803! [material mounted at the top and top packet “a”, as well as lower left packet “b”] & B 20 0119804!, K barcode K000589100 [digital image!], P barcodes P01242841 [digital image!], P01242844 [digital image!] & P01242846 [digital image!]). Mickel & al. (2004: 571) located an isolectotype of Selaginella guatemalensis at B, however, we were unable to find such specimen there. There is, however, a specimen “K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 162” identified as “Selaginella 1398 guatemalensis Baker” at B! (B 20 0096604) annotated as “Typus! Originalexemplar”, probably by Hieronymus, and at P (P01242847 [digital image]!) annotated as that species by Kuhn. Nevertheless, Baker (1883: 243) originally did not cite that specimen. He, however, later (Baker, 1887: 56) mentioned it under S. guatemalensis, hence, the possible confusion by Mickel & al. (2004) may have originated from this. The other syntype collection of S. guatemalensis cited by Baker (1883: 243) from Nicaragua “Chontales, R. Tate s.n. (presumably K)” corresponds according to Alston (1955: 245) to S. huehuetenanguensis Hieron. There are duplicate specimens of F.C. Lehmann 1329 both at B and K determined as “Selaginella lehmannii Hieron. n. sp.” The one at B is the only one clearly annotated in Hieronymus’s handwriting, while someone else annotated the one at K. Therefore, we consider the former as holotype in accordance with Art. 9.1, Note 1, of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Alston (1955: 244) located a duplicate of “Lehmann 1329” at BM and it could be argued that Reed (1965–1966: 142) inadvertently lectotypified the species based on that specimen, but we consider this superfluous and superseded according to Art. 9.19(a) of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012), as the holotype, as previously mentioned, is at B. Furthermore, we could not find a duplicate specimen of “Lehmann 1329” at BM by searching the Natural History Museum’s Data Portal (Natural History Museum, 2016). Nevertheless, we did find a duplicate of that collection through JSTOR (https://plants.jstor.org/) at LE. Alston (1955: 244) cited H. Türckheim 653 as type collection of Selaginella pansamalensis Hieron., and this could be considered a first-step lectotypification. Given that Alston did not specifically cite the herbarium in which the lectotype was housed, we here designated as second-step lectotype the specimen at B! (B 20 0119559) annotated by Hieronymus, which includes additional information on spore characters given by him. Selaginella hartii Hieron. in Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 525. 1903 – Lectotype (designated by Reed in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 123. 1965–1966): Trinidad. Mount Tocuche, [20 Sep 1852], Herb. Hort. Bot. Trinidad, H. Crueger 181 (TRIN [digital image!]; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0143176! [plant mounted at the right “B”] & B 20 0143177! [four plants mounted at the top “B”]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella hartii: Trinidad. [Las Lomas], Herb. Hort. Bot. Trinidad, H. Crueger 180 (B barcodes B 20 0143176! [plant at the left “A”] & B 20 0143177! [two plants at the bottom “A”], NY barcode 00144115!, TRIN [digital image!], US!). Reed (1965–1966) inadvertently lectotypified this species based on the Crueger collection housed at TRIN. Here we are only providing additional type information. Selaginella hartwegiana Spring in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 24: 188. 1849 – Lectotype (designated here): Colombia [Ecuador]. In declivitate Andium prope Nanegal, K.T. Hartweg 1477 (B barcode B 20 0095211!; isolectotypes: BM!, K barcodes K000589254!, K000589255! & K000589258!, LD barcode 1223115 [digital image!], LG Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names [fide Alston & al., 1981: 266], OXP!, P barcodes P00044827! & P00573755 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella hartwegiana: Colombia [Ecuador]. Pillzhum, W. Jameson s.n. (K barcode K000589256!); near Baños, W. Jameson s.n. (K barcodes K000589258! & K000589259!). We selected the K.T. Hartweg 1477 specimen at B! as the lectotype because it is an unambiguous collection annotated by Spring. There is a specimen at GH! (00056326) from Pillzhum, which if corresponding to a Jameson collection, may be a remaining syntype. Selaginella hoffmannii Hieron. in Hedwigia 41: 184. 1902 – Lectotype (designated here): Guatemala. [Alta Verapaz], Cobán, Sep 1877, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 184 (894) (B barcode B 20 0163833!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella hoffmannii: Mexico. [Veracruz, Córdoba], in Valle Cordobensis, 26 Oct [1870?], c. Fournier 1870, E. Bourgeau 1655bis (B barcode B 20 0163830!), Orizaba, 1864, F.A.C. Weber 7 (B barcode B 20 0163818! [plant at the left “a”]), environs d’ Orizaba, in umbrosis, Feb 1866, M. Botteri & A.L.J.F. Sumichrast 94 (B barcode B 20 0163819!); without precise locality, C.C.W. Sartorius s.n. (B barcode B 20 0163818! [plant at the right “b”]). Guatemala. Chiquimula, inter [between] Copán & Gualán, Aug 1870, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 156 (B barcode B 20 0163832!), K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 173 (B barcode B 20 0163829!), K.G. Bernoulli 819 (B barcodes B 20 0163820! & B 20 0163821!), K.G. Bernoulli 844 (B barcode B 20 0163823!); Mazatenango, Orillas del Río Grande, Nov 1862, K.G. Bernoulli 38 (B barcodes B 20 0163824!, B 20 0163828! [three plants mounted at the top “a”] & B 20 0163837! [four plants mounted at the top “a”]), 1866–1878, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 150 (B barcodes B 20 0163827! & B 20 0163837! [four plants mounted at the bottom “b”]); Quezaltenango, San Martin, Oct 1869, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 176 (B barcode B 20 0163831!); Suchitepequez, San Martin, Oct 1869, K.G. Bernoulli 560 (B barcode B 20 0163822! [material at the top “a”]); Zacapa, Río Hondo, Aug 1870, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 155 (972) (B barcode B 20 0163828! [material at the bottom “b”]), Río Hondo, Aug 1870, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 972 (B barcode B 20 0163822! [two plants at the bottom “b”]). Costa Rica. [Guanacaste], Aguacate, Aug 1857, K. Hoffmann 905 (B barcode B 20 0127198!), K. Hoffmann 905a (B barcode B 20 0127199!), K. Hoffmann 909 (B barcode B 20 0127200!). Among the ample material at B of this species, we selected the K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 184 (894) collection as lectotype because it agrees well with the protologue, it is fertile, and was annotated by Hieronymus. Selaginella huehuetenangensis Hieron. in Hedwigia 43: 32. 1904 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Reed in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 128. 1965–1966, second-step designated here): Guatemala. Huehuetenango, inter Santa Cruz Almor et Ixcán, Sep 1876, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 178 (B barcode B 20 0096605!; isolectotype: P barcode P01242845 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella huehuetenangensis: Guatemala. Alta Vera Paz, inter Dolores et Jachichá, Sep 1877, K.G. Bernoulli & R. Cario 183 (B barcode B 20 0127201!, P barcode P01242849 [digital image!]). Reed (1965–1966: 128) cited as “Type” “Bernoulli et Cario 178” without indicating a herbarium. Here we provide a secondstep lectotypification choosing the specimen at B annotated by Hieronymus with “nov. spec.” as lectotype. Selaginella krugii Hieron. in Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 526. 1903 – Lectotype (designated here): Puerto Rico. Sierra de Luquillo, Jul 1885, P. Sintenis 1548 (B barcode B 20 0127130!; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0127129! [material mounted at the top “A”] & B 20 0127131!, BM barcode BM000634398 [digital image!], MICH barcode 1191422 [digital image!], MO!, NY barcodes 00875841! & 00875842!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella krugii: Puerto Rico. Sierra de Luquillo, 1854 [1852–1853], B.F. Blauner 320 (B barcode B 20 0127119 [packet at the top, ex Herb. Krug & Urban], NY barcode 00126948!), (?) B.F. Blauner 320 (B barcode B 20 0127119! [material mounted below packet ex Herb. Shuttleworth]), edidit: Adolph Toepffer, 1880 et seq. [Apr 1883], H.F.A. Eggers 898 (1192) (B barcode B 20 0127120! [material mounted at the top “A”]), H.F.A. Eggers 1192 (B barcode B 20 0127124!), 1500 ft [457 m], [Feb 18 1900], A.A. Heller 4616 (B barcode B 20 0127127!, MICH barcode 1287224 [digital image!], MO!, NY barcode 00875844!), [Jul 1902], P. Wilson 92 (B barcodes B 20 0127132! [packet at bottom left, “A”] & B 20 0127133!, NY barcode 00875831!), [Jul 1902], P. Wilson 134 (B barcodes B 20 0127134! & B 20 0127135! [excluding right bottom packet, “A”], NY barcode 00875832!); Sierra de Naguabo, P.E.E. Sintenis 1045 p.p. (B barcode B 20 0127128! [packet “B”]), P.E.E. Sintenis 5427 (B barcodes B 20 0127128! [excluding packet, “A”] & B 20 0127129! [material on lower part “B”]); loco non indicato, [Apr 13 1899], A.A. Heller 1091 (B barcodes B 20 0127125!, B 20 0127126!, B 20 0168554! & B 20 0168555!, NY barcode 00875843!). Proctor (1989: 29) selected as type: “H.F.A. Eggers 895 (B, not seen; isotype US)”. We have seen three duplicates of H.F.A. Eggers 895 at B! (B 20 0127121, B 20 0127122, B 20 0127123). There is a handwritten pencil note on the upper right hand corner of B 20 0127121 by O.C. Schmidt that says that a portion of the collection originally in that space was sent to W.R. Maxon, which is the collection cited by Proctor as isotype at US. Nevertheless, H.F.A. Eggers 895 was not cited in the species protologue by Hieronymus and, therefore, it is not original material of which a lectotype can be chosen. This renders Proctor’s (1989) lectotypification invalid and has to be rejected. Having seen all syntypes cited in the protologue and annotated by Hieronymus we selected P.E.E. Sintenis 1548 (B 20 0127130) as the lectotype. Selaginella lingulata Spring in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 24: 224. 1849 – Holotype: Columbia [Ecuador]. In sylvis ad occidentem montis Pichincha, [01°25′38.72″ S, 78°46′01.46″ W], W. Jameson s.n. [43 or 161] (K barcode Version of Record 1399 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names K000589147 [digital image!]; isotype: BM barcode BM000585083 [digital image!]). = Selaginella lindigii A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 297. 1865 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Alston & al. in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 9: 313. 1981, second-step designated here): Ecuador. [Ad penden montes Tunguragua, 01°25′39″ S, 78°46′01″ W, Sep 1857], R. Spruce 4798 (G barcode G00349312; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0130431! & B 20 0130444!, BM barcode BM000936574, CGE, G barcodes G00349313 & G00349314, K barcode K000200285 [digital image!], NY barcodes 00144127! & 00144128!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella lindigii: Nueva Granada [Colombia]. Loco especiali non indicato, 1600 m, A. Lindig 1507 (B barcodes B 20 0130432! & B 20 0130433!, BM barcode BM000936573, fragm. NY barcode 00144126!); Andes de Bogotá, [El Salto], 2550 m, J.J. Triana 4 (B barcode B 20 0130434!). Alston & al. (1981: 313), probably taking into account Somers’s thesis (1978), selected as lectotype of S. lindigii, R. Spruce 4798 in a first-step lectotypification, but they did not cite the herbarium housing it. We here designate from the Boissier collection cited by Braun (1865: 298) one of the three specimens at G as lectotype. Selaginella lychnuchus Spring in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 24: 247. 1849 ≡ Selaginella lychnuchus var. rigidiuscula Spring in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 24: 248: 1849 (homotypic by type designation, effected here) – Lectotype (designated here for Selaginella lychnuchus) [and holotype of Selaginella lychnuchus var. rigidiuscula]: Columbia [Venezuela]. Mérida, J.W.K. Moritz 378 (B barcode B 20 0095303!; isolectotype: LG!). = Selaginella lychnuchus var. flaccida Spring in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 24: 248. 1849 – Holotype: Columbia [Venezuela]. [Dist. Federal], Galipán, J.W.K. Moritz 71 (B barcode B 20 0130922! [packet at the bottom “c”]; isotypes: BM barcode BM000936534!, G barcodes G00349307! [plant at the top center “A”], G00349308 [digital image!] & G00349309 [digital image!], K barcodes K000589270! [plant at the top left “a”], K000589272! & K000589273!, P barcodes P00044848 & P00573781!). = Selaginella lychnuchus var. pusilla A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 288. 1865 – Holotype: Venezuela. [Dist. Federal], Caracas, 1856, J. Gollmer (B barcode B 20 0130456! [material at the top “1a”]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella lychnuchus: Columbia [Venezuela]. [Dist. Federal], Galipán, J.W.K. Moritz 71 (B barcode B 20 0130922! [packet at bottom “2B”], BM barcode BM000936534!, G barcodes G00349307!, G00349308 [digital image!] & G00349309! [digital image!], K barcodes K000589270!, K000589272! & K000589273!, P barcodes P00044848 & P00573781!). Spring (1849) described Selaginella lychnuchus citing two specimens that he had seen at “H. Berol.” (i.e., B): “Mérida, J.W.K. Moritz 378” and “Galipán, J.W.K. Moritz 71”, representing his var. rigidiuscula and var. flaccida, respectively. 1400 Thus, these two should be considered the original material according to the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012). Alston & al. (1981: 276) cited as syntypes of this species name: Galipán, J.W.K Moritz 712[?] and Mérida, J.W.K Moritz 378. However, no number “2” nor a question mark “?” was originally cited by Spring (1849: 248) and, therefore we have excluded as original material all specimens bearing the number “2” or the question mark “?” (i.e., J.W.K. Moritz 71?, B barcode B 20 0130922! [four plants mounted on the sheet and blue and white packets], BM barcode BM000905687!, G barcode G00349306!, K barcode K000589270! [plant at the top right “a”], P barcode P00044849!). Badré (1983: 10) erroneously considered duplicates of J.W.K. Moritz 378 and J.W.K. Moritz 71 at LG as holotypes of the two varietal names previously discussed. In accordance with Art. 9.1 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012) the implicit holotypes of these two varieties are the two specimens at B originally cited by Spring (1849: 248) and, therefore, the duplicates at LG are isotypes. Furthermore, in the absence of a designated type for Selaginella lychnuchus it may be typified, for which we have chosen J.W.K. Moritz 378 as lectotype since it agrees with the protologue and there is no confusion concerning the collection number, as there is the case of J.W.K. Moritz 71. Another specimen of J.W.K. Moritz 71 at B (B 20 0122982! [bottom packet “c”]) is Selaginella moritziana Spring, while on the sheet G barcode G00349307! “B” the packet at the lower center contains a fragment of S. pallescens (C. Presl) Spring. Furthermore, J.W.K. Moritz 71? B barcode B 20 0122985! [plants at the bottom “2B”] represent S. tenella. Selaginella macrostachya (Spring) Spring in Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles. 10: 144. 1843 ≡ Selaginella flexuosa subsp. macrostachya Spring in Martius, Fl. Bras. 1(2): 123. 1840 – Lectotype (designated by Alston & al. in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 9: 304. 1981): Brazil. Without exact locality, F. Sellow s.n. (K barcode K000589072 [digital image!]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0129653! [plants labeled as “1A”, “2B” & “3C”]). = Selaginella ericoides Fée, Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 228, t. 75, fig. 2. 1869 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Alston & al. in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 9: 304. 1981, second-step designated here): Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, [Alto Macahé, Nova Friburgo, 19 May 1868], A.F.M. Glaziou 2243 (BR barcode 00000696471 p.p. [digital image!] [plant with the field tag “2243” and “a”]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0129434!, P barcodes P00573783 [digital image!] & P00573784 [digital image!]). = Selaginella geminata Fée, Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 2, t. 108, fig. 4: 100. 1873 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. [Rio de Janeiro], Serra os [dos] Órgãos, A.F.M. Glaziou 4484 (P barcode P00573786 [digital image!]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 01296131!, C [fide Alston & al., 1981: 304], F barcode v0075573F!, K [fide Alston, & al. 1981: 304], P barcodes P00573787 [digital image!] & P00573788 [digital image!]). = Selaginella lindbergii Baker in J. Bot. 21: 99. 1883 – Lectotype (designated by Alston & al. in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names Hist.), Bot. 9: 304. 1981): Brazil. Minas Gerais: [Ouro Preto], G.A. Lindberg s.n. (K barcode K000589073 [digital image!]; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0129565! [duplicate ex herb. Kew] & B 20 0129566! [ex herb. Schwacke 10373]). = Selaginella henriqueana Silveira in Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Geol. Estado Minas Geraes 5: 123. 1898 – Holotype: Brazil. Minas Gerais, Serra do Chora (Mantiquera), entre Serra de Ibitipoca e Rio Preto, May 1898, G.H. Magalhães s.n., No. 2759 in herb. Com. Geog. et Geolog. Civitatis Minas Geraes (R barcode R179588! [as Hebarium A.A. da Silveira No. 163]; isotypes: B barcode B 20 0129435!, BM [as A.A. da Silveira No. 163, fide Alston, 1936: 316 and Alston & al., 1981: 304]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella lindbergii: Brazil. São Paulo, Serra de Cubatao, W.J. Burchell s.n. (presumably K). Spring (1840) described Selaginella flexuosa subsp. macrostachya solely indicating Brazil as the locality and cited F. Sellow s.n., but did not mention a herbarium. He later (Spring, 1843), elevated the subspecies to species level without further information. Nevertheless, Spring (1849: 133) located the F. Sellow s.n. at H. Berol. Alston & al. (1981: 304), were, apparently, the first to specifically locate the “type” at K and, thereby, inadvertently lectotypified the species. We further determined that there are three F. Sellow s.n. duplicate specimens at B that ought to be considered isolectotypes and for which we provided complete information. There is certain confusion as to the correct lectotypification of Selaginella ericoides. Alston & al. (1981: 304) seem to have inadvertently lectotypified it based on A.F.M. Glaziou 2243 at BR, however that specimen is a mixture of two species. One originating from Martius’s herbarium (i.e., bears a Herbarium Martii label), has a field tag around the plant with the number “2243”, and was labeled by someone in red ink with the letter “a”. It certainly represents S. macrostachya. The other is from Fée’s herbarium (i.e., bears a typical Fée label and his signature on it with the information “Selaginella ericoides, F. Crypt. Vasc. Bresil p. 228, T. 75, fig. 2” in his handwriting). In addition, it has in red ink the letter “b” close to the plant and the word “isotype” next to the label. This second plant, most probably, is S. decomposita Spring. Above the Fée label and to the right, there is another label in two unidentified scripts one annotated “Selaginella gardneri Spring” and below it “S. ericoides Fée” and the other below the previous ones says “= Selaginella macrostachya (Spring) Spring fide Alston, Fedde Repert. 40: 315 (1936)”. We have provided a second-step lectotypification by selecting the plant with the field tag “2243” marked “a” in red ink. Fée (1873) described Selaginella geminata, citing only one collection (i.e., A.F.M. Glaziou 4484) without indicating in what herbarium it was housed. There are duplicates of this collection at several herbaria as shown above, which ought to be considered syntypes, particularly as determination of holotypes for those species based on Glaziou’s collections are problematic to ascertain (see discussion under S. subsegregata and S. decomposita, as well as Valdespino, 2015b and references therein). Alston (1936: 316) and Alston & al. (1981: 304) located duplicates of A.F.M. Glaziou 4484 at two herbaria (i.e., C and K) but did not select a lectotype, therefore, the species name may still need to be typified. We here selected A.F.M. Glaziou 4484 at P barcode P00573786 [digital image!] as lectotype because it matches the protologue well and has an original Fée label with diagnostic characters written by him. In the case of Selaginella henriqueana and S. lindbergii we provide additional barcode information for the type specimens. Furthermore, we locate the holotype of S. henriqueana at R based on the same arguments explained under S. fusca. Nevertheless, we do realize the need for a better understanding of the location of Silveira’s types and, for this, a paper is being prepared by Valdespino & al. Selaginella mendoncae Hieron. in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 693. 1901 – Lectotype (designated by Reed in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 155. 1965–1966): Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, s. l., R.C. de Mendonça 302 (K barcode K000589283!; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0095336! & B 20 0095337!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella mendoncae: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Serra dos Orgãos, 900 m, Nov 1857, J.T. de Moura 900 (B barcode B 20 0095339!); s. l., A.M.F. Glaziou 12294 (B barcode B 20 0095338!, BM!, C [fide Alston & al., 1981: 279], F!, K!). Hieronymus (1901) did not cite any specimen when describing Selaginella mendoncae, but mentioned the locality as Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Later (1904: 44) he mentioned three collections: R.C. Mendonça 302, J.T. de Moura 900, and A.F.M. Glaziou 12294. Reed (1965–1966: 155) gave as type the R.C. Mendonça 302 at K and, thereby, unintentionally selecting it as lectotype. The specimen at K is a fragment originating from B. Selaginella mollis A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 276. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): Colombia. [Norte de Santander], Ocana [Ocaña], [08°14′00″ N, 73°21′00″ W], 4000–6000 ft [1219–1524 m], [1846–1852], L.J. Schlim 1029 (G barcode G00349297 [digital image!]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0175689! [original drawing with description of type], BR barcodes 000006963934! & 000006964238!, G barcodes G00349294!, G00349295 [digital image!] & G00349296 [digital image!], K barcode K000589216!). = Selaginella schrammii Hieron. ex Standl. in Amer. Fern J. 17: 8. 1927 – Lectotype (designated here): Panama. Colón, Porto Bello, 5–200 m, 6–8 Apr 1911, W.R. Maxon 5739 (B barcode B 20 0175686! [material at the top “A”]; isolectotypes: BM, US?). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella schrammii: Nicaragua. Kiski Point, 19 Sep 1902, E. Schramm 4 (B barcode B 20 017566, S No. S-R-5661). Panama. Bocas del Toro, Laguna de Chiriquí and its neighborhood, Nov–Dec 1885, J.H. Hart 37 [413] (B barcode B 20 0175687! [packet “B”]), J.H. Hart 60 [446] (B barcode B 20 0175688! [packet “A”]); Colón, Santa Rita trail, 27 Feb 1905, J.F. Cowell 116 (B barcode B 20 0175688! [packet “B”]). Braun (1865: 277) cited only one collection “Schlim 1029 in coll. Lindeniana h. Boiss. [now G.]” when he described Version of Record 1401 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names Selaginella mollis. At G, however, there are four duplicates of Schlim 1029. Two are from “h. Boiss.”, one is from “Herbier De Candolle”, whereas the other is from an unidentified herbarium source. We selected G! (barcode G00349297) as the lectotype since it does not only agree with the protologue, but also is one of the two duplicates from “h. Boiss.” and the only one annotated by Braun. In addition, here we provide barcode information for type material of S. mollis. Finally, we lectotypify S. schrammii, based on material studied and annotated by Hieronymus at B. Selaginella moritziana Spring in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 24: 249. 1849 ≡ Selaginella moritziana var. normalis A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér 5, 3: 284. 1865, nom. illeg. for S. moritziana var. moritziana – Holotype: Columbia [Venezuela]. Mérida, [08°29′23.29″ N, 71°15′15.96″ W], J.W.K. Moritz 377 (B barcode B 20 0123110!; isotypes: BM barcode BM000585084!, G barcode G00349293!, K barcodes K000589154!, K000589155! & K000589156!, LG!, P barcode P00573802!). = Selaginella moritziana var. pseudopoda A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 285. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): [Colombia. Cundinamarca], Manzanos, [03°54′04.16″ N, 73°04′24.13″ W], 2700 m [not 1700 m], Jul 1860, A. Lindig 1518 (B barcode B 20 0126438! [three plants at the left top “1A”]; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0126438! [bottom left packet “2b”] & B 20 0126438 [upper left packet “2E”], BM barcode BM000936529!, K barcode K000589161!, P barcode P00573804!). = Selaginella moritziana var. suberecta A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 285. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): Costa Rica. [Heredia], Volcán de Barva, Aug 1855, C. Hoffmann 84 (B barcode B 20 0095363!; isolectotype: B barcode B 20 0095364!). Remaining syntype of Selaginella moritziana var. suberecta: Costa Rica. [Guanacaste], Aguacate, C. Hoffmann 609 (B barcodes B 20 0095365! & B 20 0095367!). Badré (1983: 11), cited as the holotype of Selaginella moritziana the specimen at LG ex H. Berol. and gave as publication year 1850. This is incorrect since Spring (1849) explicitly only cited the specimen at “H. Berol” (i.e., B) and such specimen is found there, thus, we confirm the holotype at B. Furthermore, according to Stafleu & Cowan (vol. 5, Sal–Ste, 1985: 815) the publication year should be given as 1849. According to the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012) the name S. moritziana Spring ex Klotzsch is to be regarded as a nomen nudum (i.e., not validly published) because having been published without a description or a diagnosis or a reference to a former one. Braun (1865) considered Selaginella moritziana having six varieties: S. moritziana var. normalis (nom. illeg. for var. moritziana), S. moritziana var. conferta A.Braun, S. moritziana var. elongata A.Braun, S. moritziana var. laxa A.Braun, S. moritziana var. pseudopoda, and S. moritziana var. suberecta. Valdespino (1995) only recognized three varieties within this species—two originally proposed by Braun (1865): S. moritziana var. moritziana and S. moritziana var. elongata (see below), which is contrary to Alston & al. (1981) not 1402 considered conspecific with S. cavifolia. Valdespino (1995) further proposed a new variety: S. moritziana var. pearcei, which is validated in this paper below, accommodating S. pearcei Baker and S. oligoclada Baker, which are not considered distinct enough from S. moritziana to warrant species recognition. Already, Alston & al. (1981) synonymized S. oligoclada under S. pearcei. Valdespino (1995) treated the remaining of Braun’s varieties as follows: S. moritziana var. conferta and S. moritziana var. laxa as synonyms of S. flacca Alston, while S. moritziana var. pseudopoda and S. moritziana var. suberecta as conspecific with S. moritziana var. moritziana. In treating S. moritziana var. pseudopoda conspecific with var. moritziana, Valdespino (1995) also departed from Alston & al. (1981) who considered the former a synonym of S. popayanensis Hieron. In selecting the lectotype of Selaginella moritziana var. pseudopoda, we excluded the fourth plant at the top on the sheet at B! (B 20 0126438), which we marked as “F”, because we identified it as S. tenella. In the case of Selaginella moritziana var. suberecta out of the four syntypes at B, all annotated by Braun, we chose C. Hoffmann 84 (B 20 0095363) as the lectotype. Selaginella moritziana var. elongata A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 285. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): Venezuela. [Aragua:] Colonia Tovar, [1854–1855, 2134 m], A. Fendler 323 (G barcode G00349183!; isolectotypes: BR barcode 000005858231!, G barcodes G00349355 [digital image!] [exclud. material at lower right corner] & G00349356! [exclud. material labeled “b”], GH barcodes 00056327! & 00056328!, K barcode K000589158!, MO!, fragm. NY barcode 00074291!, P barcode P00573805!, PH barcode 00023239 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella moritziana var. elongata: Venezuela. Aragua. Colonia Tovar, A. Fendler 322 (BM [fide Alston & al., 1981: 286; Smith & Todzia, 1989: 341]). There is a packet on the herbarium sheet at B barcode B 20 0123107! labeled as A. Fendler 322 & 323 and annotated by Braun as Selaginella moritziana var. elongata. It contains only very fragmented material that cannot be assigned to either collection number, but that certainly corresponds to S. moritziana var. moritziana. Another collection labeled A. Fendler 322 & 323 at G! (barcode G00349183 [material on upper right corner]) similarly annotated by Braun as S. moritziana var. elongata is considered by us that variety. The three fragments of A. Fendler 323 at G! (barcode G00349356 [material labeled “b”]) and the one fragment at the lower right corner on G barcode G00349355! are considered by us as S. flacca. Furthermore, another collection originally cited by Braun under var. elongata: A. Lindig 1505 at B (barcode B 20 0126438! [material “3c”]) and at BM (barcodes BM000936530! & BM000936531!) is S. cavifolia and, therefore, it is excluded as remaining syntype of S. moritziana var. elongata, contrary to the annotation by Cremers. Selaginella moritziana var. pearcei (Baker) Valdespino, comb. & stat. nov. ≡ Selaginella pearcei Baker in J. Bot. 22: Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names 246. 1884 – Holotype: Peru. [Huánuco], Cordillera of Pozuzo, 6000 ft [1830 m], 1863, R. Pearce 249 (K barcode K000589160!; isotype: fragm. B barcode B 20 0095410!). = Selaginella oligoclada Baker in J. Bot. 22: 277. 1884 – Holotype: New Granada [Colombia. Norte de Santander], Ocaña to Pamplona, 8300 ft [2531 m], 3 Apr 1879, W. Kalbreyer 1080 (K barcode K000589159!; isotypes: B barcode B 20 0095378! [plants mounted on sheet] & B barcode B 20 0095378! [fragment ex Herb. Kew, lower left packet]). Habitat and distribution. – Selaginella moritziana var. pearcei is known from Costa Rica, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru. It grows in moist cloud forests on roadsideand waterway banks, rocks in moist ravines, mossy rocks, or near waterfalls at 1830–3200 m. Other specimens examined. – Costa Rica. Cartago-San José, slopes at La Sierra near Km 44, ca. 25 km S of the intersection of the Cartago-San José Hwy and the Interamerican Hwy, 1950 m, 23 Jul 1980, R.L. Wilbur 29529 (US). Colombia. Boyacá, around Bocota, ca. 2200 m, P.J. Grubb & D.A. Guymer P83 (BM, COL); Cauca, above Carpinteria, eastern slopes, 2500 m, 23 Apr 1939, A.H.G. Alston 8217 (AAU, BM, COL, US), W slope of Cordillera Occidental, W of Tambo, 02°27′52″ N, 76°59′09″ W, 2500 m, 6 Nov 1946, O.L. Haught 5209 (BM, COL [digital image], US), SW slope of Cerro Munchique, 40 km W of Popayán, 2400–2500 m, 6 Oct 1961, R.M. Tryon & A.F. Tryon 5999 (US), W Andes of Popayán, 2600–3000 m, Mar, F.C. Lehmann Valencia 6969 (K-2 sheets, US); Magdalena, Mts. above hacienda Cincinnati, Santa Marta, 7000 ft [2135 m], 4 Aug 1946, R.B. Foster & D.N. Smith 1392 (A, COL). Venezuela. Mérida, Andrés Bello, Zerpa, La Carbonera, 3 Mar 1982, Z. Marin & al. 135 (F), 2500 m, 3 Mar 1982, F. Ricardi 135 (F), La Mucuy, 2800 m, 30 May 1952, V. Vareschi & Pannier 1373 (US), Sierra Nevada, 2800 m, 2 Feb 1939, A.H.G. Alston 6779 (AAU, BM, COL [digital image], MG, NY, QCA, US); Trujillo, Mts. above San Rafael de Boconó, 2500 m, 3 Apr 1947, H.E. Box 3830 (BM), 9 km from San Rafael, between Trujillo and Boconó, between Urbina and San Rafael, 2300–2500 m, 3–4 Sep 1966, J.A. Steyermark & M. Rabe 97283 (GH, K). Ecuador. Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, trail Cajanuma-Laguna de Compadres, 2750–3200 m, 26 Dec 1988, P.M. Jørgensen & al. 65666 (AAU), above Nudo de Cajanuma, 04°05′ S, 79°10′ W, 2850–3050 m, 25–26 May 1988, B. Øllgaard & al. 74478 (AAU), on road YanganaCerro Toledo, 04°23′ S, 79°08′ W, 2600–2800 m, 3 Jun 1988, B. Øllgaard & al. 74627 (AAU); Loja-Zamora-Chinchipe, road between Loja and Zamora, ca. km 9, 2500–2750 m, 31 Dec 1978, J.L. Luteyn & al. 6561 (AAU, NY); Zamora-Chinchipe, limit of Parque Nacional Podocarpus, new road Loja-Zamora, E of the pass, 03°58′ S, 79°07′ W, 2500–3000 m, 25 Mar 1990, J.E. Madsen 87089 (AAU), 5 km S of summit on YanganaValladolid road, ca. 25 km S of Yangana, 2615 m, 7 Jul 1989, I.A. Valdespino & L.J. Dorr 1065b (NY), 11.6 km S of summit on Yangana-Valladolid road, 2400 m, 8 Jul 1989, I.A. Valdespino & L.J. Dorr 1073 (NY). Peru. Junín, between San José and La Achira, Montañas de Pangoa, A. Raimondi 1563 (B barcode B 20 0095412 [material “A”], BM); without specific department or locality, Peruvian Andes, 1836, A. Matthews (BM). Selaginella moritziana var. pearcei is characterized by its robust plant habit with larger and wider, ascending to suberect stems than the other varieties recognized under S. moritziana. This variety is further distinguished by usually chartaceous and shiny dark to light green leaves that frequently have conspicuous, elongate idioblasts on their upper surfaces. Furthermore, the lateral leaves are narrowly ovate to narrowly ovate-elliptic with long-acuminate apices and have short submarginal to marginal hairs near the basiscopic margins on the upper surfaces. In addition, the median leaves are ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate with long-acuminate to short-aristate or infrequently long-aristate apices, and with the outer bases ventricose (i.e., swollen) to subventricose, frequently tufted with short hairs. Tryon & Stolze (1994) synonymized Selaginella pearcei under S. novae-hollandiae (Sw.) Spring and they were followed by Kessler (2014) and Tropicos (2016). Nevertheless, S. moritziana var. pearcei is not morphologically closely related to S. novae-hollandiae and can be easily distinguished from the latter by its median leaf bases non-auriculate (vs. having a conspicuous and free from the stem, outer auricle), the lateral leaves with the acroscopic margins frequently serrate to serrulate (vs. long-ciliate along basal ½ to ¾), the axillary leaves serrulate basally and entire apically (vs. long-ciliate, at least along basal ½ to ¾), and megaspores orange-buff, light orange-yellow or deep chrome (vs. snow- to bone-white or light cream). Selaginella muscosa Spring in Martius, Fl. Bras. 1(2): 120. 1840 – Type: Brazil. Sebastianopolitanae [Rio de Janeiro], in silvis Macahé, locis udis, paludosis, B. Luschnath s.n. (B? [fide Alston & al., 1981: 297], BR [herb. Mart.]?, M?). = Lycopodium albidulum var. majus Hook. & Grev. in Bot. Misc. 2: 399. 1831 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. Santa Catharina, J. Macrae s.n. (K barcode K000589172!; isolectotypes: BM barcode BM000936553!, BR barcode 00000697844! [communic. Lindley 1827. Herb. Martius]). = Selaginella apus var. tetragonostachya Spring in Martius, Fl. Bras. 1(2): 119. 1840 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, J.B.E. Pohl 3866 (W barcode 0052461!; isolectotypes: BR barcode 000006963873!, OXF!). = Selaginella anocardia A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 290. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, 1859, F. Rudio s.n. (B barcode B 20 0094907!, photo BM!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0094906!, BM barcode BM000905718!, M!). = Selaginella cunninghamii Baker in J. Bot. 22: 110. 1884, syn. nov. – Lectotype (designated here): Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, A.F.M. Glaziou 7039 (K barcode K000589173!; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0095156! & B 20 0095157! [packet at the top “A”] and [material mounted on the sheet “B”], P barcode P00044868!, S No. S-R-7474!). Remaining syntypes of Lycopodium albidulum var. majus: Peru [Ecuador]. Pichincha, W. Jameson s.n. (K?); Brazil. G. Raddi s.n. (BM!, K!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella apus var. tetragonostachya: Brazil. Sebastianópolis [Rio de Janeiro], [Oct 1822], Version of Record 1403 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names G. Raddi s.n. (BM!, K!); Calçada da Estrella, C. Gaudichaud s.n. (K barcode K000589170!, P barcode P01238566!); Bahia, in sylvis Catingas inter Cachoeira et Monte Santo, C.F.P. Martius s.n. (M!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella anocardia: Brazil. Exp. Novara, without locality, A. Jelinek 209 (B barcodes B 20 0094892! & B 20 0094893!, W!); São Paulo, Serra de Cubatas, 1855, G.A. Lindberg s.n. (B barcode B 20 0094894!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella cunninghamii: Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, 1867, Cunningham s.n. (K!), A.M.F. Glaziou 5217 (B barcode B 20 0095155!, BM barcode BM000905711!, K barcode K000589166!, P barcode P00044829!, S No. S-R-7475!). Spring (1840: 120) cited only one specimen (i.e., “Luschnath”) when he described S. mucosa, but did not indicate a herbarium. He later located that specimen at “Herb. Mart.” (Spring, 1849: 100), which is now housed at BR. Unfortunately, we, nor any other author that we are aware of, have been able to locate the Luschnath specimen either at BR or at other herbaria associated with his or Martius’s collections (e.g., B, M). This means that eventually a neotype may need to be selected for S. muscosa. In the case of Lycopodium albidulum var. majus we have seen original material at different herbaria and, among these, selected J. Macrae s.n. at K, because it matches well the protologue. For Selaginella apus var. tetragonostachya Spring we selected the J.B.E. Pohl 3866 specimen at W as lectotype, because it also agrees well with the protologue. In the case of Selaginella anocardia, Braun (1865: 290) neither cited a specimen nor a herbarium in his description. There are, however, three specimens at B annotated by Braun as S. anocardia and from these we selected the lectotype. Finally, after studying original material cited under Selaginella cunninghamii we concluded it being conspecific with S. muscosa and selected A.F.M. Glaziou 7039 as its lectotype because it agrees well with the protologue. Selaginella orizabensis Hieron. in Hedwigia 41: 193. 1902 – Lectotype (designated here): Mexico. [Veracruz], Eugenio, Sierra de S. Cristobal, Dec 1853, comm. SchultzBip., C.C.W. Sartorius ? s.n. (B barcode B 20 0143198! [material at the bottom “B”]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella orizabensis: Mexico. Orizaba, ex herb. Schlumberger, 1853, F. Müller s.n. (B barcode B 20 0143198! [material at the top “A”], NY barcode 00020652!). From the original material of Selaginella orizabensis at B, annotated by Hieronymus, we selected the Sartorius ? collection as the lectotype since it was originally studied by the author and agrees well with the protologue. Selaginella porelloides (Lam.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 10(1): 141. 1843 ≡ Lycopodium porelloides Lam., Encycl. 3: 652. 1791 – Holotype: Croît dans les Antilles [ex Insulis Caribensis] [Grows in the Caribbean] (P, Microfiche IDC 6207.LM 750: 12!; isotype: B barcode B -W 19434b -01 0!). 1404 = Selaginella leprieurii Hieron. in Hedwigia 43: 48. 1904, syn. nov. – Lectotype (designated here): French Guiana. In sylvis humidis sabulosis ad rivulos, Apr 1845, F.M.R. Leprieur 168 (B barcode B 20 0130429! [four pieces mounted at the left top “1A”]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0130429! [bottom left packet “2B”], BM barcode BM000905692!, P barcodes P01239282!, P01239285! & P01239286!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella leprieurii: French Guiana. In sylvis humidis sabulosis ad rivulos, Jun 1837, F.M.R. Leprieur 165 (B barcodes B 20 0130429! [the fifth piece at the top right “D”] & B 20 0123153! [five plants at the top right “2B”], K barcode K000589209!, P barcodes P00573847! & P00573848!, US!). After examining the original material cited under Selaginella leprieurii, the species is here newly considered as being conspecific with S. porelloides. Furthermore, we selected F.M.R. Leprieur 168 as lectotype of S. leprieurii because it agrees well with the original description and has a Hieronymus annotation on spore morphology similar to that of the protologue. Selaginella prasina Baker in J. Bot. 22. 113. 1884 – Lectotype (designated here): Cuba. [Santi Spíritus], in Cuba Orientali, [Bank of a river Sasa or Jatibonico near Espiritu Santo, 1859–1860], C. Wright 1825 (K barcode K000589176!; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0095456! [fragm. “ex herb. Bot. Reg. Kew”], BM barcode BM000905675!, P barcode P00044828!, YU barcode YU.000630!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella prasina: Cuba. [River Agabama, Santa Espiritu, Villa Clara, 1859–1860], C. Wright 1825b (K barcode K000589175!, YU barcode YU.000629). Baker cited two collection numbers when describing the species, we have selected as lectotype C. Wright 1825 (K). The original label of the lectotype at K reads “In Cuba Orientali, 1859, 1860”. This same information is found on the BM specimen label, while at YU the printed year 1859 is crossed out and the printed year “1860” is kept and “1862” is added in handwriting. Furthermore, there is a C. Wright 1825 at NY (barcode 00126946!) with the date given as “1865”. This same collection date appears in three other specimens at B: barcodes B 20 0095456! [material mounted at the upper right “c”], B 20 0095456! [material mounted at the upper left “a”] and B 20 0095457! annotated as “p.p”. We have excluded from type consideration all collections labeled “1865” since this date does not match that of the chosen lectotype, as well as material without a date at B (barcode B 20 0095456! [lower left packet “b”]). Selaginella schaffneri Hieron. in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 674. 1901 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Alston in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 1: 240. 1955, second-step designated by Mickel & al. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 593. 2004): Mexico. San Luis de Potosí, [San Rafael Mountains], 1879, J.G. Schaffner 8 (B barcode B 20 0127153! [material on the lower part “b”]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0127153! [material mounted at the Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names top “a”], BM, MICH barcode 1191001 [digital image!], NY barcodes 00144182!, 00144183!, 00144184!, 00144185! & 00144186!, US barcodes 01100991! & 00135704!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella schaffneri: Mexico. [Jalisco], Guadalajara, [20°40′35″ N, 103°20′ W], 17 Oct 1889, C.G. Pringle 2594 (B barcode B 20 0127154!, NY barcodes 00144187! & 00144188!, US barcode 00135704!). Hieronymus (1901: 674) cited “Mexico” as the locality, but did not indicate a collection. He later (Hieronymus 1902: 172) however, cited collections of J.G. Schaffner 8 and C.G. Pringle 2594 under Selaginella schaffneri. Therefore, a lectotype should be chosen among those. Alston (1955: 240) and Mickel (1992: 427) did so, selecting the J.G. Schaffner 8 collection, but without citing a herbarium where the lectotype was located. More recently, Mickel & al. (2004: 593) in a second-step lectotypification selected a specimen at B! as the lectotype. However, the sheet at B selected by Mickel & al. (2004: 593) contains two duplicates of the J.G. Schaffner 8 collection, therefore, we further narrow that selection by choosing the material at the bottom of the sheet, marked as “b”, as the lectotype. Selaginella stenophylla A.Braun, Append. Pl. Nov. Hort. Berol. 1857: 22. 1857 – Lectotype (first-step designated by Mickel & al. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 597. 2004, second-step designated here): Hort. Berol. 1857, A. Braun s.n. (B barcode B 20 0095536!; isolectotypes: B barcodes B 20 0095533!, B 20 0095534!, B 20 0095535! & B 20 0095537!, WU barcode 0031748 [digital image!]). = Selaginella miradorensis Hieron. in Hedwigia 43: 30. 1904 – Lectotype (designated by Mickel & al. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 597. 2004): Mexico. San Luis Potosi, Tamasopo Canyon, [22°33′33.96″ N, 100°23′26.24″ W], 1 Oct 1890, C.G. Pringle 3293 (B barcode B 20 0095341!; isolectotypes: BM barcode BM000905684!, BR barcode 000006988890!, CAS!, DS!, K barcodes K000589277! & K000589278!, L!, M!, MICH barcode 1210718!, NY barcodes 00022875! & 00022876!, P barcodes P00044856!, P00044857! & P00573899 [digital image!], S Nos. S-N6023 [digital image!], S-P6981 [digital image!], S-P4478 [digital image!] & S-P4569 [digital image!], PH barcode 00023238 [digital image!], UC barcode UC 150851!, US barcode 01100990!, VT barcodes UVMVT015722 [digital image!] & UVMVT015749 [digital image!], W barcode 1891-0001110!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella miradorensis: Mexico. [Veracruz], Mirador, 1856, C.C.W. Sartorius 185 (B barcode B 20 0095342! [packet at the right bottom “A” and pieces mounted on the sheet “B”]), May, J.G. Schaffner 6a (B barcode B 20 0095343!, W barcode 0052456!), J.G. Schaffner 6 (B barcodes B 20 0095344! & B 20 0095345!, K barcode K000589275, W barcodes 0052456! & 0052457!), Vallé de Cordóba, 1865– 1866, E. Bourgeau 1654 (B barcodes B 20 0095346! & B 20 0095347!, K barcode K000589274), Cuesta de Pinolco, C.A. Ehrenberg s.n. (B barcode B 20 0095349!), Orizaba, 1869, F.A.C. Weber s.n. (B barcode B 20 0095348!, W barcode 0052458!). Mickel & al. (2004) originally lectotypified Selaginella stenophylla based on cultivated material at B. However, at B there are five sheets containing cultivated material of this species, most of which were annotated by Braun. We here further narrow Mickel & al.’s (2004) designation by selecting the B barcode B 20 0095536! sheet as a second-step lectotype. Furthermore, in the case of its synonym S. miradorensis, we here provide further barcode information of the original material. Selaginella tenella (P.Beauv.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 10(1): 234. 1843 ≡ Diplostachium tenellum P.Beauv. in Mag. Encycl. 5: 481. 1804 – Neotype (designated by Proctor, Ferns of Jamaica: 45. 1985): Puerto Rico. India occidentalis in Portorico ex Herb. Vent. [Ventenat] (P, photo BM!). = Selaginella cladorrhizans A.Braun in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 3: 282. 1865 – Lectotype (designated here): [Venezuela. Aragua], Colonia Tovar, J.W.K. Moritz 448 (B barcode B 20 0122985! [material at the top “1A”]; isolectotypes: BM barcode BM000801315!, K barcode K000589187! [material at the top right and center right], S No. S-R-5646 [digital image!]). = Selaginella albonitens [unranked] longiciliata Hieron. in Hedwigia 58: 313. 1917 – Lectotype (designated here): Puerto Rico. Near Yauco, Río Duey, Mt. Rodadero, 5 Feb 1886, P. Sintenis 3627 (B barcode B 20 0094841!; isolectotype: B barcode B 20 0094840!). = Selaginella sintenisii Hieron. in Hedwigia 58: 299. 1917 – Lectotype (designated here): Puerto Rico. Sierra de Lares, Guajataca, 16 Feb 1887, P. Sintenis 6245 (B barcode B 20 0095528!; isolectotypes: A!, G barcode G00349420!, GH [2 sheets]!, K barcode K000589177!, M!, US!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella cladorrhizans: [Venezuela. Aragua], Colonia Tovar, [1854–1855], 2300 ft [701 m], A. Fendler 324 (B barcode B 20 0122983! [small top packet “1A”, material mounted at the top right “2B” and at the bottom “3C”], K barcode K000589186!, MO barcode MO-1807716), 1856–1857, A. Fendler 324 (BM barcode BM000801316!, YU barcode YU.000719!), s.d., A. Fendler 324 (E barcode E00014868!, F!, G barcodes G00349180 & G00349410!, NY barcode 00020659!, US!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella albonitens [unranked] longiciliata: Santo Domingo [Dominican Rep.]. Juxta flumen Mameyas, 200 m, 19 Jun 1887, H.F.A. Eggers 2504b (B barcode B 20 0084442! [top left packet “A” and central packet “C”]), H.F.A. Eggers 2504 p.p. (B barcode B 20 0084442! [top right packet “B”]); Mt. Isabel de la Torre, 300 m, 10 Jun [Jul on label] 1887, H.F.A. Eggers 2504c (B barcode B 20 0084445! [packet at the top “A” and lower left packet “B”]). Puerto Rico. Cayey, Pedro Avila, 22 Sep 1885, P. Sintenis 1333b (B barcodes B 20 0094837! & B 20 0094838!); La Lima, in sylvula Coffea arabicae, 21 Oct 1885, P. Sintenis 2246b (B barcode B 20 0094839!); Road from Utuado to Arecibo, 13 Jul 1901, L.M. Underwood & R.F. Griggs 825 (B barcode B 20 0094842!, NY barcodes 01163404! & 01163405!), L.M. Underwood & R.F. Griggs 836 (B barcode B 20 0094843!, NY barcode 01163405!, US!); Ravines, 13 Mar 1906, J.F. Cowell 994 (B Version of Record 1405 TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names barcode B 20 0094844!, NY [as N.L. Britton & J.F. Cowell 994] barcode 01163403!). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella sintenisii: Cuba. Orientali, near villam Monte Verde, Jan–Jul 1859, C. Wright 940 (B barcode B 20 0095530!, BM [as 940]!, BR!, G!, GH [2 sheets]! [as 940, one Jan–Jul 1859, the other 1856–1857], K barcodes K000589181!, K000589182!, K000589183! & K000589184!, MO barcode MO-251354!, NY barcode 01163387! [as p.p.], P barcode P00044882!, S No. S-R-7482!, US!, YU!); Sep 1859–Jan 1860, C. Wright 940 p.p. (B barcode B 20 0095517!, BR barcode 000006988937!); without locality, 1865, C. Wright 7 (B barcode B 20 0095518!); Jaguëy in rup. repens, gregar., 500 m, 25 Mar 1889, H.F.A. Eggers 4889 (B barcode B 20 0095519!, BM!, F!, K barcode K000589179!, P barcode P00044881!, US!); Oriente, Río Macaguanigua, 17 Feb 1910, J.A. Shafer 3979 (B barcode B 20 0095520!, NY barcode 01163388!), Gran Piedra, ca. 1500 m, 4–5 Mar 1911, J.A. Shafer 9001 (A!, B barcode B 20 0095521!, NY barcode 00020686!); Baracoa, Cooper’s ranch, base of Mt. El Yunque, Mar 1903, L.M. Underwood & F.S. Earle 983 (B barcodes B 20 0095522! & B 20 0095523!, BM!, NY [2 sheets!]); Oriente, Yateras, SE of Jaguëy, “Posesion de Starck”, 450– 525 m, 3 May 1907, W.R. Maxon 4440 (B barcode B 20 0095524! [left packet “A” and right packet “B”], GH!, NY barcode 00020684!, US!). Jamaica. Troy, Cockpit, 13–18 Sep 1906, L.M. Underwood 3320 (B barcode B 20 0095525!, NY barcode 01163389!, US!). Puerto Rico. Eneas, near Pepino, 10 Jan 1887, P. Sintenis 5837 p.p. (B barcode B 20 0095526!, K barcode K000589178!, M!); P. Sintenis 5838 (B barcode B 20 0095532! [material mounted at the top “A” and at the bottom “B”], S!); Los Angeles near Utuado, 17 Jan 1887, P. Sintenis 5912 (B barcode B 20 0095527! [material mounted at the top “A” and bottom packet “B”], BM, NY barcode 00020685!, US!). Proctor (1985: 45) designated a neotype for Selaginella tenella and we saw a photo of it at BM. In the case of S. cladorrhizans we studied all material originally cited by Braun and selected the J.W.K. Moritz 448 at B as lectotype, because it was annotated by the author and agrees well with the protologue. In the case of Selaginella albonitens [unranked] longiciliata and of S. sintenisii we have seen the extensive material cited by Hieronymus and selected P. Sintenis 3627 (B barcode B 20 0094841!) and P. Sintenis 6245 (B barcode B 20 0095528!) as their respective lectotypes. Selaginella xiphophylla Baker in J. Bot. 22: 296. 1884 – Lectotype (designated by Reed in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 241. 1965– 1966): Peru. Loreto, Mt. Guayrapurina, near Tarapoto, [Aug 1856], R. Spruce 3990 (BM barcode BM000936542; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0130624! [ex herb. Dörfler left packet “1” and ex herb. Kew right packet “2”], BR barcode 000006989217 [digital image!], CCE, GH barcode 00040656 [digital image!], K barcodes K000200281 [digital image!] & K000589200 [digital image!], NY barcode 00144233!, P barcodes P00573939 [digital image!], P00573940 [digital image!] & P00573941 [digital image!], US barcode 00135749 [digital image!]). = Selaginella daguensis Hieron. in Hedwigia 43: 49. 1904, syn. nov. – Lectotype (first-step designated by Reed in Mem. 1406 Soc. Brot. 18: 92. 1965–1966, second-step designated by Alston & al. in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 9: 294. 1981): Columbia [Colombia]. [Valle del Cauca], Rio Dagua, prope Buenaventura, 0–300 m, F.C. Lehmann 4462 (K barcode K000589199 [digital image!]; isolectotypes: B barcode B 20 0095158!, P barcode P00044833 [digital image!]). Remaining syntypes of Selaginella daguensis: Columbia [Colombia]. [Valle del Cauca], prope Las Juntas del Dagua in Andibus occidentalibus regionis Urbis Cali, 200–700 m, F.C. Lehmann 7690 partim (B barcode B 20 0095159!). Baker (1984) cited a single collection, Spruce 3990, for Selaginella xiphophylla, however, there are two duplicates glued on the same sheet at K. Therefore, a lectotype needed to be selected, which is what Reed (1965–1966) inadvertently did. Here we follow Reed’s lectotypification in accordance with Art. 9.19 of the ICN (McNeill & al., 2012) and reject the later one inadvertently proposed by Alston & al. (1981: 279). Reed (1965–1966) gave as type of Selaginella daguensis, F.C. Lehmann 4462, citing an isotype at US. Alston & al. (1981: 294) treated S. daguensis as being conspecific with S. cabrerensis Hieron., and selected as type F.C. Lehmann 4462 (K), which can be considered a second-step lectotypification. We have studied the type collection of S. daguensis and consider it rather a synonym of S. xiphophylla. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are grateful to the curators of A, BM, BR, CAS, DS, E, F, G, GH, GOET, K, L, LD, LE, LG, M, MICH, MIN, MO, MPU, NY, OXF, P, PH, PR, R, RB, S, TRIN, U, UC, US, VT, YU, W, and Z for allowing the study of their collections, as well as to B, BM, COL, GH, GOET, K, LD, LE, MICH, MIN, MPU, NY, P, PH, PR, PRC, RB, TRIN, S, U, US, VT, YU, W, WU, and Z for providing access to their digitized herbarium images. We are particularly grateful to Yasmin S. Baksh-Comeau and Terry Sampson (TRIN) for facilitating digital images of Selaginella hartii, as well as Anna Haigh, Alicia Musson, and Elizabeth Howard (K), Leonard T. Ellis (BM), Michelle J. Price and Isabella Valette (G), Otakar Šída (PR), and Patrik Mráz (PRC) for their assistance in trying to locate types at their respective institutions, in addition to providing digital images. Otakar Šída was also very helpful by sharing with us his knowledge on T. Haenke and C. Presl, as was John Pruski (MO) by supplying literature. We would like to thank Christopher Gioia for revising an early English draft of this paper and for his continued encouragement and support to IAV. Iván A. Valdespino is grateful to the following institutions for supporting his Selaginella studies: California Academy of Sciences, New York Botanical Garden, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) in Panama, and University of Panama (Vice-President’s Office for Research and Graduate Studies and the Dean’s Office of the Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology). We are also indebted to the Botanical Garden & Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem and their staff for providing assistance during this research, and especially to Professor Dr. Werner Greuter for his help on nomenclatural matters. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers, as well as Jefferson Prado and Franz Stadler, Taxon’s subject and production editors, respectively, for their helpful comments on the manuscript. Version of Record TAXON 65 (6) • December 2016: 1391–1408 Valdespino & Zimmer • Typification of Neotropical Selaginella names LITERATURE CITED Alston, A.H.G. 1934. Notes on Selaginella. V. The Selaginellae of Trinidad and Tobago. J. Bot. 72: 33–40. Alston, A.H.G. 1936. The Brazilian species of Selaginella. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 40: 303–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19360402005 Alston, A.H.G. 1938 (“1932–1943”). Selaginellaceae and Lycopodiaceae. Pp. 162–170 in: Pulle, A. (ed.), Flora of Suriname, vol. 1(1). Amsterdam: J.H. de Bussy. Alston, A.H.G. 1939. 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A large-scale phylogeny of the lycophyte genus Selaginella (Selaginellaceae: Lycopodiopsida) based on plastid and nuclear loci. Cladistics, early view. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ cla.12136 Note added in proof: After this paper was accepted and in publication by Taxon, Selaginella decomposita Spring in Martius, was effectively lectotypified in a Phtytotaxa correspondence note by Goés-Neto & al. (2016: 158). 1408 Version of Record

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