Pleione 17(1): 50 - 81. 2023. © East Himalayan Society for Spermatophyte Taxonomy doi:10.26679/Pleione.17.1.2023.050-081 ISSN: 0973-9467 Orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (India) – A compilation Jumter Nyorak Orchid Research Centre Tipi, State Forests Research Institute, Department of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh, India E-mail: jumternyorak16@gmail.com [Received 11.03.2023; Revised 02.04.2023; Accepted 14.04.2023; Published 30.04.2023] Abstract In the present paper, about 678 species(including 1 sub-species and 32 endemic species) and 12 varieties belonging to 132 genera, so far recorded from Arunachal Pradesh are listed based on the evidences of herbarium recordsand various relevant publications from Arunachal Pradesh and other states. Out of them, 446 are epiphytes or epilithic, 227 are terrestrial and 17 are mycotrophs. Bulbophyllum is the largest genus with 88 species (Including 3 varieties) followed by Dendrobium (68 spp.), Oberonia (28 spp.), Liparis (22 spp+1subspp+1var.), Coelogyne (23 spp.), Cymbidium (21 spp. + 1 var.) and so on. All the species and genera are enumerated in alphabetical orders. Key words: Orchid flora, re-enumeration, Arunachal Pradesh. INTRODUCTION Orchidaceae is one of the most ecologically and morphologically diverse family among the angiospemic plants. It is the second largest family of the flowering plants in the world, comprising of nearly 800 genera and 22,500 species (Mabberley 2008). This is one such group of plants, which grow in extremely wide variety of habitats throughout the globe, but are very sensitive to changes in the habitat. As many as 1331 species of orchid belonging to 186 genera have so far been recorded from India (Das et al. 2007). Understanding the prospect, horticultural and medicinal values, the family is gaining much attention throughout the world to unfold the biology, evolution, taxonomy, chemistry, cytology, hybridization, cultivation, etc. of these plants. In northeast India, many orchid species are used for different purposes, such as ornamental, medicine, food, and also in socio-cultural events (Deb et al. 2009). Orchids are also used as cut flowers, bouquet, loose flowers, dried flowers, as single flower mountings, and potted plant display, in perfumery industries and by-products in handicraft (Singh et al. 2019). However, destruction of natural habitats for jhum cultivations, widening of roads, hydropower projects, township developments, and many other anthropogenic pressures are led to the vanishing of some species of orchid from their Indian localities (Vij 2001). Orchids are the inquisitive botanical wealth of Arunachal Pradesh (India). The state is blessed with wide range of eco-climatic suitability to fulfill the micro-climatic requirements for the occurrence of orchids in three different climatic zones, viz. tropical, sub-tropical and temperate. Because of which Arunachal Pradesh is often botanically termed as ‘Orchid Paradise’ where maximum concentration of orchid species is found when compared to other states of the country. The occurrence of maximum number of orchids may be attributed to the state’s vast geographical area (83,743 sq km) with maximum forest cover (51,540 sqkm) coupled with state’s ideal climatic conditions including high rainfall and prevailing high relative humidity of the atmosphere which favors the luxuriant growth of orchids and other floristic elements at different altitudinal zones (Rao 2010). At present, many spectacular and economically important species of orchids in the state are facing danger of extinction because of merciless destruction of virgin forests for various developmental purposes. Hence, it is necessary to indentify and reenumerate the orchid species extensively and framing suitable strategies for their conservation, Jumter Nyorak 51 breeding, and propagation in various in situ and ex situ protected areas in order to prevent them from complete extinction from the nature. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to review and compile all the native species of orchids recorded so far from Arunachal Pradesh. Through critical review of literatures, evidences from herbarium with proper collection numbers as well as live plants collected from various parts of the state and brought under ex situ cultivation in Sessa Orchid Nursery, Sessa Orchid Sanctuary and natural orchidarium at Orchid Research Centre Tipi, West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, nearly 678 species (including 1 subspecies and 32 endemic species) belonging to 132 genera, including newly recorded species such as Cyrtosia intigra, are listed. Out of them 446 are epiphytic or lithophytic, 227 are terrestrial and 17 are mycotrophs. Following are the results of critical studies based on latest molecular taxonomy, as per the World Checklist of Selected Plants Families (WCSP, R. Govaerts, World Checklist of Orchidaceae, published on website http://wcsp:sciences.kew.org) maintained by the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. Tables 1 and 2 below enumerated different genera, species and other minor category of orchids known to grow in Arunachal Pradesh (India). Enumeration of orchids of Arunachal Pradesh Table 1 shows the genera of orchids representing the flora of Arunachal Pradesh. Though due to nomenclatural exercises the generic status of different species may change, the list given here is the present status of our understanding regarding orchids of this East Himalayan state of India. There are 132 genera, 678 species, 12 varieties, and 01 subsp. Also, Epiphytes: 446 spp. are epiphytes, 227 spp. terrestrials and 17 spp. are mycotrophs. Table 1. Genera of orchids recorded so far from Arunachal Pradesh along with their species and varieties and their habitat preference in Arunachal Pradesh [Abbreviations used: M = Mycotrophs; T = Terrestrials; E=Epiphytes] Name of Genus Species Variety Acampe Acanthophippium Aerides Agrostophyllum Ania Anoectochilus Anthogonium Aphyllorchis Apostasia Appendicula Arachnis Arundina Bambuseria Biermannia Brachycorythis Bryobium Bulbophyllum Bulleyia Calanthe Callostylis Cephalanthera Cephalantheropsis Ceratsotylis 2 2 4 4 2 4 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 85 1 22 2 2 1 3 1 Habits Epiphyte √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 3 √ √ √ √ √ Terrestrial Mycotroph √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Total taxa 3 2 4 4 2 4 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 88 1 22 2 2 1 3 52 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Name of Genus Species Ceratsotylis Chamaegastrodia Cheirostylis Chiloschista Chrysoglossum Cleisocentron Cleisostoma Cleisostomopsis Coelogyne Collabium Conchidium Corybas Corymborkis Cremastra Crepidium Cryptochilus Cylindrolobus Cymbidium Cymbilabia Cypripedium Cyrtosia Dactylorhiza Dendrobium Dendrolirium Didymopexis Dienia Diglyphosa Diplomeris Diploprora Epipactis Epipogium Eria Eriodes Erythrodes Erythrorchis Eulophia Galearis Galeola Gastrochilus Gastrodia Geodorum Googyera Gymnadenia Habenaria Hemipilia Herminium Herpysma 3 1 7 2 2 1 12 1 24 1 1 1 1 1 6 4 8 21 1 1 4 1 68 4 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 5 1 2 1 6 3 1 14 5 1 13 1 11 4 14 1 Variety Habits Epiphyte √ 1 √ √ √ √ √ 1 √ √ 16 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Terrestrial √ 6 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 6 √ √ √ √ √ √ 5 √ 2 Mycotroph √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 1 √ √ Total taxa 3 1 7 2 2 1 12 1 24 1 1 1 1 1 6 4 8 22 1 1 4 1 68 4 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 5 1 2 1 6 3 1 16 5 1 13 1 11 4 14 1 Jumter Nyorak Name of Genus Species Herpysma Hetaeria Holcoglossum Hsenhsua Lecanorchis Liparis 1 1 2 1 1 22+1 Subsp. 6 1 4 1 1 6 2 8 27 9 1 4 1 2 4 4 1 1 2 8 4 8 10 1 12 12 7 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 4 1 3 1 1 2 1 Luisia Malaxis Micropera Mycaranthes Neogyna Neottia Nephelaphyllum Nervilia Oberonia Odontochilus Oreorchis Otochilus Pachystoma Panisea Paphiopedilum Papilionanthe Pecteilis Pelatanthera Pennilabium Peristylus Phaius Phalaenopsis Pholidota Phreatia Pinalia Platanthera Pleione Podochilus Polystachya Pomatocalpa ponerorchis Porpax Pteroceras Renanthera Rhomboda Rhynchostylis Robiquetia Saccolabiopsis Sarcoglyphis Satyrium Schoenorchis Variety Habits Epiphyte √ 1 15 √ √ √ √ 1 1 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Terrestrial √ √ √ √ 9 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Mycotroph Total taxa 1 1 2 1 1 24 6 1 4 1 1 6 3 8 28 9 1 4 1 2 4 4 1 1 2 8 4 8 10 1 12 12 7 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 4 1 3 1 1 2 1 53 54 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Name of Genus Species Schoenorchis Smitinandia Spathoglottis Spiranthes Stereochilus Stereosandra Stichorkis Strongyleria Taenophyllum Tainia Thelasis Thrixpermum Thunia Trichotosia Tropidia Uncifera Vanda Zeuxine Variety 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 5 4 3 7 1 3 4 3 10 9 Habits Epiphyte √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 1 √ √ √ √ √ √ Terrestrial Mycotroph √ √ √ √ √ Total taxa 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 5 4 3 7 2 3 4 3 10 9 So, as per the present status of our knowledge on the orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (India), there are at least 678 orchidaceous species in the wild. All these orchid species has been presented below in Table 2. Table 2. List of valid taxa of orchids so far reported from Arunachal Pradesh Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References ACAMPE Lindley 1 Acampe carinata (Griff.) Panigr. Nov – Dec 69, 73 2 Acampe ochracea (Lindl.) Hochr. Oct – Dec 16, 69, 76 3 Acampe praemorsa var. longepeduncutata (Trimen) Grovaerts June – July Syn: Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham.ex Sm.) P.F.hunt 83 16, 76 ACANTHOPHIPPIUM Blume 4 Acanthophippium striatum Lindl. May – July 49, 69, 76 5 Acanthophippium sylhetense Lindl. Apr – May 16, 69, 76 AERIDE Lour. 6 Aerides falcata Lindl. & Paxton May – June 16, 67, 73 7 Aerides multiflora Roxb. Mar – May 7, 69, 76 8 Aerides odorata Lour. May – June 67, 69, 76 9 Aerides rosea Lod. ex. Lindl. & Paxton May – June 67, 69, 76 AGROSTOPHYLLUM Blume 10 Agrostophyllum brevipes King & Pantl. May – July 16, 69, 76 11 Agrostophyllum callosum Reichb.f. Apr – June 16, 69, 76 Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies 55 Flowering months References 12 Agrostophyllum myrianthum King & Pantl. Aug – Oct 16, 69, 76 13 Agrostophyllum planicaule (Wall. ex. Lindl.) Reichb.f. Aug – Nov 16, 69,76 14 Ania angustifolia Lindl. July – Sept 83 15 Ania penangiana (Hook.f.) Summerh. Mar – Apr 16, 69, 73 July – Oct 7, 69, 76 ANIA Lindley ANOECTOCHILUS Blume 16 Anoectochilus brevilabris Lindl. 17 Anoectochilus regalis Blume Oct – Nov 75 18 Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. Sept. – Oct 7, 69, 76 19 Anoectochilus setaceus Blume July – Aug 29 July – Oct 7, 69, 76 ANTHOGONIUM Wall. ex Lindley 20 Anthogonium gracile Wall. ex. Lindl. APHYLLORCHIS Blume 21 Aphyllorchis alpina King & Pantl. July – Oct 7, 69, 76 22 Aphyllorchis montana Reichb.f. Aug – Oct 72 23 Apostasia nuda R. Br. Jan – Mar 73 24 Apostasia odorata Blume June – Aug 69 25 Apostasia wallichii R. Br. Sept – Oct 69 26 Appendicula cornuta Blume Sept – Oct 34 Arachnis cathcartii (Lindl.) J. J. Sm. Feb – Mar 83 Syn: Esmeralda cathcartii (Lindl.) Reichb.f. Mar – May 76 Arachnis clarkei (Reichb.f.) J. J. Sm. Nov. – Dec 29, 83 Syn: Esmeralda clarkei Reichb.f. Dece. – Feb 67 July – Aug 67, 69 Throughout the year 7, 69, 76 APOSTASIA Blume APPENDICULABLUME ARCHNIS Blume 27 28 29 Arachnis labrosa (Lindl. & Paxton) Reichb.f. ARUNDINA Blume 30 Arundina graminifolia (D. Don) Hochr. BAMBUSERIA Schuit.,Y.P.Ng&H.A.Pedersen 31 Bambuseria bambusifolia (Lindl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen Dec Syn: Callostylis bambusifolia (Lindl.) S.C.Chen & J. J. Wood 83 76 BIERMANNIA King & Pantling. 32 Biermannia arunachalensis Nageswara Rao Mar – May 33 Biermannia bimaculata (King &Pantl.) King & Pantl. Apr – June 67, 69 34 Biermannia jainiana S.N.Hegde & A.N.Rao Apr – June 37, 67, 69 35 Brachycorythis iantha (Wight) Summerh. Nov. – Dec 69, 70, 73 36 Brachycorythis obcordata (Lindl. ex Wall.) Summerh. Aug. – Sept 69, 70, 73 66, 67, 69 BRACHYCORYTHIS Lindley BRYOBIUM Lindley 56 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 37 Bryobium pudicum (Ridl.) Y.P.Ng & P.J.Cri Apr – June 69, 73, 76, BULBOPHYLLUM Thou. 38 Bulbophyllum acutiflorum A.Rich. July – Sept 73, 83 39 Bulbophyllum affine Wall. ex Lindley May – June 69, 76 40 Bulbophyllum amplifolium (Rolfe) N.P.Balakr. & Sud.Chowdhury Oct. – Dec 29, 76 41 Bulbophyllum andersonii (Hook.f.) J.J. Sm. Sept. – Nov 76 42 Bulbophyllum apodum Hook.f. June – Aug 69, 73, 76 43 Bulbophyllum appendiculatum (Rolfe) J.J.Sm. Nov. – Dec 17 44 Bulbophyllum arunachalense (A.N.Rao) J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel June 82 69, 73, 76 Syn: Ione arunachalense A. N. Rao 76 45 Bulbophyllum bisetum Lindl. Sept. – Nov 46 Bulbophyllum brienianum (Rolfe) Merr. Oct. – Dec 14 47 Bulbophyllum candidum (Lindl.)Hook.f. July – Aug 29 48 Bulbophyllum capillipes C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. 49 Bulbophyllum careyanum (Hook.) Spreng. 50 Bulbophyllum cariniflorum Reichb.f. July – Sept 14 51 Bulbophyllum caudatum Lindl. June – July 69, 76, 73 52 Bulbophyllum cauliflorum Hook.f. May – June 69, 76, 73 53 Bulbophyllum collettii King & Pantl. May – July 73 54 Bulbophyllum corallinum Tixier & Guillaumin Mar – May 75 55 Bulbophyllum cornu-cervi King Bulbophyllum crabro (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel July – Sept 69, 76 56 Nov 55 Nov. – Dec 7, 69, 76 Nov Syn: Monomeria barbata Lindl. 82 69 57 Bulbophyllum crassipes Hook.f. Oct. – Nov 69, 76 58 Bulbophyllum cupreum Lindl. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 59 Bulbophyllum cylindraceum Lindl. Nov. – Dec 69, 76 60 Bulbophyllum delitescens Hance Aug. – Oct 7,69, 76 61 Bulbophyllum depressum King & Pantl. June – Sept 76 62 Bulbophyllum disciflorum Rolfe Aug. – Sept 76 63 Bulbophyllum elatum (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm. June – July 69, 76 64 Bulbophyllum emarginatum (Finet) J.J.Sm. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 65 Bulbophyllum eublepharum Reichb.f. July – Sept 69, 73, 76 66 Bulbophyllum gamblei Hook.f. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 67 Bulbophyllum griffithii (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 68 Bulbophyllum guttulatum (Hook.f.) N.P.Balakr. Aug – Oct 7, 69, 76 69 Bulbophyllum gymnopus Hook.f. Sept. – Dec 7, 69, 76 70 Bulbophyllum hainanense Z. H. Tsi Oct. – Nov 75 71 Bulbophyllum helenae (Kuntze.) J.J.Sm. Aug 69, 76 72 Bulbophyllum hirtum (Sm.) Lindl. ex Wall. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 73 Bulbophyllum hymenanthum Hook.f. Apr – June 7, 69, 76 Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. 74 Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months Bulbophyllum interpositum J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel July – Aug Syn: Sunipia intermedia (King & Pantl.) P. F. Hunt References 29 73 75 Bulbophyllum jainii (Hynn. & Malhotra) J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel Dec. – Jan 76 76 Bulbophyllum khasyanum Griff. Sept. – Nov 69, 76 77 Bulbophyllum kingii Hook.f. Oct. – Dec 29 78 Bulbophyllum leopardinum (Wall.) Lindl. ex Wall. June – July 69, 76 79 Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindley July – Oct 83 80 Bulbophyllum loherianum (Kraenzl.) Ames June – July 76 81 Bulbophyllum longiflorum Thou. Mar – Apr 76 82 Bulbophyllum macraei (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Aug – Sept 69, 76 83 Bulbophyllum medioximum J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel Nov. – Dec 21 84 Bulbophyllum muscicola Reichb.f. Dece. – Jan 29, 76 85 Bulbophyllum nasutum Reichb.f. Oct. – Feb 76 86 Bulbophyllum nodosum (Rolfe) J.J.Sm. Aug. – Sept 83 87 Bulbophyllum obrienianum Rolfe Apr – May 69, 76 88 Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl. ex Wall. Aug – Oct 7, 69, 76 89 Bulbophyllum odoratissimum var. odoratissimum June – July 83 Syn: Bulbophyllum trichocephalum (Schltr.) Tang & Wang 90 Bulbophyllum ornatissimum (Rchb.f.) J.J. Sm. 69 May-June Syn: Mastigion ornatissimum (Rchb.f.) Garay, Hamer &Siegerist 76 73 91 Bulbophyllum parviflorum C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. Sept. – Dec 69, 76 92 Bulbophyllum penicillium C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. Nov. – Dec 69, 76 93 Bulbophyllum piluliferum King & Pantl. Apr – July 69, 76 94 Bulbophyllum polyrrhizum Lindl. Apr 69, 76 95 Bulbophyllum protractum Hook.f. June – Aug 69, 76 96 Bulbophyllum pteroglossum Schltr. Oct. – Nov 69, 76 97 Bulbophyllum purpureofuscum J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel Oct. – Dec Syn: Ione cirrhata Lindl. 57 83 69 98 Bulbophyllum reflexipetalum J.D.Ya, Y.J.Guo & C.Liu Feb – Mar 26, 29 99 Bulbophyllum repens Griff. Mar – May 69, 76 100 Bulbophyllum reptans (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall. Oct. – Dec 7, 69, 76 101 Bulbophyllum reptans var. subracemosa Hook.f. Feb – Mar 73, 75 102 Bulbophyllum retusiusculum Reichb.f. July – Aug 29, 76 103 Bulbophyllum rigidum King & Pantl. Mar – May 69, 76 104 Bulbophyllum rolfei (Kuntze) Seidenf. Aug. – Oct 7 105 Bulbophyllum roseopictum J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel July – Sept 74 106 Bulbophyllum rothschildianum (O'Brien) J.J.Sm. Oct 46 107 Bulbophyllum roxburghii (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Apr – May 76 108 Bulbophyllum sarcophylloides Garay, Hamer & Siegerist May – June 45 109 Bulbophyllum sarcophyllum (King & Pantl.) J.J.Sm. Sept. – Oct 69 110 Bulbophyllum scabratum Reichb.f. Mar – May 7, 69, 76 58 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 111 Bulbophyllum secundum Hook.f. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 112 Bulbophyllum spathulatum (Rolfe ex E.W.Cooper) Seidenf. Oct 76 113 Bulbophyllum stenobulbon E.C.Parish & Rchb.f. May – June 69, 76 114 Bulbophyllum sterile (Lam.) Suresh Dece. – Jan 76 115 Bulbophyllum striatum (Griff.) Rchb.f. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 116 Bulbophyllum sunipia J.J.Verm. , Schuit. & de Vogel Mar – Apr 83 Syn: Sunipia scariosa Lindl. 69 117 Bulbophyllum tortuosum (Blume) Lindl. 118 119 120 Bulbophyllum umbellatum Lindl. Mar – July 29 121 Bulbophyllum umbellatum Lindl. var. umbellatum Apr – May 75 122 Bulbophyllum viridiflorum (Hook.f.) Schltr. Oct. – Nov 69, 76 123 Bulbophyllum wallichii Rchb.f. Oct. – Dec 16, 73 124 Bulbophyllum xylophyllum C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. 125 Bulbophyllum yoksunense J. J. Sm. 126 Bulleyia yunnanensis Schltr. 127 Calanthe alismifolia Lindl. 128 Calanthe alpina Hook.f. ex Lindl. July – Sept 7, 73 129 Calanthe biloba Lindl. Sept. -Nov 69, 76 130 Calanthe brevicornu Lindl. May – June 69, 76 131 Calanthe chloroleuca Lindl. Apr – June 69, 76 132 Calanthe clavata Lindl. Oct. – Dec 69, 76 133 Calanthe davidii Franch. July – Aug 73, 76 Aug. – Dec 69, 76 Mar – May 45 Bulbophyllum tridentatum Kraenzl. Jan – Apr 69, 76 Bulbophyllum triste Rchb.f. Mar – May 69, 76 Jan 69, 76 Aug. – Nov 45, 73 July – Sept 69, 76 May – June 69, 76 BULLEYIA Schltr. CALANTHE R. Brown Syn: Calanthe pachystalix Reichb.f. ex Hook.f. 69 134 Calanthe densiflora Lindl. 135 Calanthe griffithii Lindl. Apr – June 7 136 Calanthe herbacea Lindl. June – Oct 69, 76 137 Calanthe keshabii Lucksom July – Aug 7, 69, 76 138 Calanthe longipes Hook.f. Sept. – Nov Syn: Cephalantheropsis longipes (Hook.f.) 83 69, 76 139 Calanthe mannii Hook.f. May – Aug 69, 76 140 Calanthe obcordate (Lindl.) M.W. Chase, Christenh, & Schuit. Sept. – Nov 83 Syn: Cephalantheropsis obcordata (Lindl.) Omerod 73 141 Calanthe odora Griff. Apr – June 15, 73 142 Calanthe plantaginea Lindl. Mar – May 69, 76 143 Calanthe puberula Lindl. Jun – Aug 69, 76 144 Calanthe sylvatica (Thou.) Lindl. July – Sept 7, 69, 76 145 Calanthe tricarinata Lindl. May – June 69, 76 Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months 146 Calanthe triplicata (Willemet) Ames Apr – June 69, 76 147 Calanthe trulliformis King & Pantl. July – Sept 69, 76 148 Calanthe velutina Ridl. Sept. – Oct 75 149 Calanthe whiteana King & Pantl. May – June 29 150 Callostylis pulchella (Lindl.) S.C.Chen & Z.H.Tsi Jan – Mar 73 151 Callostylis rigida Blume Feb – Apr 76 References CALLOSTYLIS Lindley CEPHALANTHERA L.C.Rich. 152 Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce June – Aug 69, 76 153 Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch May – June 69, 76 154 Ceratostylis himalaica Hook.f. Apr – June 7, 69, 76 155 Ceratostylis siamensis Rolfe ex Downie Mar – June 25, 29 156 Ceratostylis subulata Blume July – Aug 69, 76 July – Sept 69, 71, 73 Nov 69, 76 CERATOSTYLIS Blume CHAMAEGASTRODIA Makino & Maekawa 157 Chamaegastrodia shikokiana Makino & F.Maek. 158 Cheirostylis griffithii Lindl. 159 Cheirostylis gunnarii A.N. Rao Feb – Apr 63, 69, 71 160 Cheirostylis moniliformis (Griff.) Seidenf. Dec. – Jan 7, 69, 76 161 Cheirostylis pusilla Lindl. June – Aug 69, 71, 73 162 Cheirostylis sessanica A.N. Rao Mar – May 69, 71, 73 163 Cheirostylis tippica A.N. Rao Jan – Apr 61, 69, 71 164 Cheirostylis yunnanensis Rolfe May – July 69, 71, 73 165 Chiloschista parishii Seidenf. May – July 67, 69, 73 166 Chiloschista usneoides (D.Don) Lindl. Apr – May 67, 69, 73 CHEIROSTYLIS Blume CHILOSCHISTA Lindl. CHRYSOGLOSSUM Blume 167 Chrysoglossum assamicum Hook.f. Feb – Apr 69, 76 168 Chrysoglossum ornatum Blume June – Aug 69, 76 169 Cleisocentron pallens (Cathcart ex Lindl.) N.Pearce & P.J.Cribb June – Sept 67, 76 170 Cleisostoma appendiculatum (Lindl.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. Aug. – Oct 14 171 Cleisostoma aspersum (Rchb.f.) Garay June – Aug 69, 76 172 Cleisostoma discolor Lindl. June – July 67, 69 173 Cleisostoma filiforme (Lindl.) Garay Aug. – Oct 67, 76 174 Cleisostoma linearilobatum (Seidenf. & Smitinand) Garay July – Sept 67, 73, 76 175 Cleisostoma paniculatum (Ker Gawl.) Garay Sept. – Nov 76 Syn: Garayanthus paniculatus (Ker-Gawl.) Schltr. Sept. – Nov 67, 69 Cleisostoma racemiferum (Lindl.) Garay May – July 67, 76 CLEISOCENTRON Bruhl. CLEISOSTOMA Blume 176 59 60 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 177 Cleisostoma simondii (Gagnep.) Seidenf. Oct. – Dec 76 178 Cleisostoma subulatum Blume May – July 7, 69, 76 179 Cleisostoma striatum (Rchb.f.) N.E.Br. Aug 76 180 Cleisostoma tricallosum S.N.Hegde & A.N.Rao June – Aug 36, 67, 76 181 Cleisostoma williamsonii (Rchb.f.) Garay Apr – June 76 July – Sept 14 CLEISOSTOMOPSIS Seidenf. 182 Cleisostomopsis roseus (Wight) R.Rice COELOGYNE Lindl. 183 Coelogyne barbata Lindl. ex Griff. Sept. – Oct 69, 76 184 Coelogyne brunnea Lindl. May – June 83 Syn: Coelogyne fuscescens var. brunnea (Lindl.) Lindl. 73 185 Coelogyne corymbosa Lindl. Mar – May 7, 69, 76 186 Coelogyne cristata Lindl. Mar – June 69, 76 187 Coelogyne fimbriata Lindl. Aug – Oct 69, 76 188 Coelogyne flaccida Lindl. Mar – May 69, 76 189 Coelogyne fuscescens Lindl. Mar – Aug 69, 76 190 Coelogyne griffithii Hook.f. Apr – June 69, 76 191 Coelogyne hajrae Phukan 192 Coelogyne holochila P.F.Hunt & Summerh. Mar – May 46 193 Coelogyne longipes Lindl. Mar – Apr 69, 76 194 Coelogyne micrantha Lindl. Sept. – Nov 69, 76 195 Coelogyne nitida (Wall. ex D.Don) Lindl. May – July 69, 76 196 Coelogyne occultata Hook.f. May – July 7, 69, 76 197 Coelogyne ovalis Lindl. Aug. – Oct 7, 69, 76 198 Coelogyne prolifera Lindl. May – July 7, 69, 76 199 Coelogyne punctulata Lindl. Sept. – Nov 7, 69, 76 200 Coelogyne radicosa Ridl. Nov. – Feb 69, 76 201 Coelogyne raizadae S.K.Jain & S.Das Mar – May 7, 69, 76 202 Coelogyne rigida E.C.Parish & Rchb.f. June – Oct 69, 76 203 Coelogyne schultesii S.K.Jain & S.Das Apr – June 7, 69, 76 204 Coelogyne stricta (D.Don) Schltr. Sept. – Dec 69, 76 205 Coelogyne suaveolens (Lindl.) Hook.f. May – July 46 206 Coelogyne viscosa Rchb.f. Dec. – Feb 69, 76 July – Oct 69, 73, 76 July – Aug 69, 73, 76 July – Aug 69, 73, 76 June – Aug 69, 73, 76 83 COLLABIUM Blume 207 Collabium chinense (Rolfe) Tang & F.T.Wang CONCHIDIUM GRIFF. 208 Conchidium muscicila (Lindl.) Rauschert CORYBAS Salisb. 209 Corybas himalaicus (King & Pantling.) Schltr. CORYMBORKIS Thour. 210 Corymborkis veratrifolia (Reinw.) Blume Jumter Nyorak 61 Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 211 Cremastra appendiculata (D.Don) Makino Apr – July 69, 73, 76 212 Crepidium acuminatum (D.Don) Szlach. June – Sept 69, 76 213 Crepidium aphyllum (King & Pantl.) A.N.Rao July – Oct 76 214 Crepidium calophyllum (Rchb.f.) Szlach. July – Sept 69, 73, 76 215 Crepidium josephianum (Rchb.f.) Marg. June – Aug 73, 76 216 Crepidium khasianum (Hook.f.) Szlach. Aug. – Oct 69, 76 217 Crepidium purpureum (Lindl.) Szlach. June – July 69, 76 Sept. – Nov 83 CREMASTRA Lindley CREPIDIUM Blume CRYPTOCHILUS Wall. 218 Cryptochilus acuminatus (Griff.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen Syn: Eria carinata Gibson ex Lindl. 14 219 Cryptochilus luteus Lindl. May – July 69, 76 220 Cryptochilus sanguineus Wall. June – Sept 69, 76 221 Cryptochilus strictus (Lindl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen Nov. – Feb 83 Syn: Pinalia stricta (Lindl.) Kuntze 76 CYLIDROLOBUS Blume 222 Cylindrolobus arunachalensis (A.N.Rao) A.N.Rao Mar – Apr 27, 29, 62 223 Cylindrolobus biflorus (Griff.) Rauschert Aug. – Nov 29, 69 224 Cylindrolobus clavicaulis (Wall. ex Lindl.) Rauschert Mar – May 29, 69 225 Cylindrolobus cristatus (Rolfe) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood Feb – Apr 69, 76 226 Apr – May 69, 76 227 Cylindrolobus glandulifer (Deori & Phukan) A.N.Rao Cylindrolobus gloensis (Ormerod & Agrawala) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen Mar 3 228 Cylindrolobus hegdei (Agrawala & H.J.Chowdhery) A.N.Rao Mar – June 69 229 Cylindrolobus lohitensis (A.N. Rao, Harid. & Hegde) A.N.Rao May – July 57, 69, 76 CYMBIDIUM Swatz 230 Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. Apr – Aug 7, 69, 76 231 Cymbidium bicolor Lindl. May – Aug 69, 76 232 Cymbidium cochleare Lindl. Oct. – Dec 29, 69, 76 233 Cymbidium cyperifolium Wall. ex Lindl. Nov. – Mar 69, 76 234 Cymbidium dayanum Reichb.f. Aug. – Sept 7, 69, 76 235 Cymbidium devonianum Paxton June – Aug 29, 83 Syn: Cymbidium eburneum var. parishii (Rchb.f.) Hook.f. 69 236 Cymbidium eburneum Lindl. Mar – May 66 237 Cymbidium elegans Lindl. Sept. – Nov 7 238 Cymbidium elegans (Lindl.) var. elegans Oct. – Dec 7 239 Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. Apr – July 75 240 Cymbidium erythraeum Lindl. Oct. – Jan 29, 69, 76 241 Cymbidium faberi Rolfe Feb 73, 83 Syn: Cymbidium faberii var. szechhuanicum (Y.S.Wu&S.C.Chen) Y.S.Wu. & S.C.Chen 69 62 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 242 Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. Nov. – Mar 76 243 Cymbidium hookerianum Reichb.f. Feb – Apr 7, 69, 76 244 Cymbidium iridioides D. Don Oct. – Nov 48, 69, 76 245 Cymbidium lancifolium Hook.f. May – Aug 7, 69, 76 246 Cymbidium lowianum (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. Feb – Apr 69, 76 247 Cymbidium macrorhizon Lindl. May – Aug 69, 76 248 Cymbidium mastersii Griff. ex Lindl. Oct. – Nov 29, 69, 76 249 Cymbidium munronianum King & Pantl. Nov. – Dec 69, 76 250 Cymbidium parishii Reichb.f. June – Aug 76 251 Cymbidium sinense (Andrews) Willd. Oct. – Nov 7, 69, 76 252 Cymbilabia undulata (Lindl.) D.K. Liu & Ming H. Li Mar – May 83 CYMBILABIA D.K. Liu & Ming H. Li Syn: Vandopsis undulata (Lindl.) J.J.Sm. 69 CYPRIPEDIUM L 253 Cypripedium tibeticum King ex Rolfe July – Aug 69, 73, 76 CYRTOSIA Blume 254 Cyrtosia falconeri (Hook.f.) Aver. June – July Syn: Galeola falconeri Hook.f. 29 69 255 Cyrtosia integra (Rolfe ex Downie) Garay May – June 33 256 Cyrtosia javanica Blume May – July 76 257 Cyrtosia lindleyana Hook.f. & Thomson May – Sept Syn: Galeola lindleyana (Hook.f.&Thomson) Rchb.f. 29 76 DACTYLORHIZA Neck. Ex Neevski 258 Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D.Don) Soó 259 Dendrobium aduncum Lindl. 260 Dendrobium albopurpureum (Seidenf.) Schuit. & Peter B. Adams July 76 261 Dendrobium amoenum Wall. ex Lindl. May – Aug 7, 69, 76 262 Dendrobium amplum Lindl. Sept. – Nov 29 263 Dendrobium anceps Sw. Apr – May 69, 76 264 Dendrobium angustifolium (Blume) Lindl. Apr – May 83 265 Dendrobium angustifolium (Blume) Lindl. subsp angustifolium May – June 83 7, 69, 76 June – Sept 51 June 69, 76 DENDROBIUM Swartz Syn: Flickingeria bancana (Sm.) Hawkes 69 266 Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) C.E.C.Fisch. Mar – May 267 Dendrobium arunachalense C.Deori, S.K.Sarma, Phukan & A.A.Mao Oct. – Nov 11, 76 268 Dendrobium bicameratum Lindl. Aug 69, 76 269 Dendrobium brunneum Schuit. & Peter B.Adams Oct. – Nov 29, 76 270 Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall. ex Lindl. Sept. – Nov 7, 69, 76 271 Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. Apr 69, 76 272 Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. & Paxton May 39, 69, 76 273 Denrobium cretaceum Lindl. May – June 69, 76 Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies 274 275 63 Flowering months References Dendrobium cumulatum Lindl. June 69, 76 Dendrobium densiflorum Lindl. Mar – Apr 69, 76 276 Dendrobium denudans D. Don Aug. – Sept 69, 76 277 Dendrobium devonianum Paxton May – Aug 7, 69, 76 278 Dendrobium eriiflorum Griff. Sept. – Nov 29, 69, 76 279 Dendrobium falconeri Hook.f. Apr – Aug 29, 69, 76 280 Dendrobium fargesii Finet Sept. – Oct Syn: Epigeneium fargesii (Finet) Gangnep 83 15 281 Dendrobium farmeri Paxton Apr – July 29, 69, 76 282 Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook.f. Mar – June 7, 69, 76 283 Dendrobium formosum Roxb. Ex Lindl. May – June 69, 76 284 Dendrobium fugax Reichb.f. Sept. – Oct 76 285 Dendrobium fuscescens Griff. Oct. – Nov 29 286 Dendrobium gibsonii Paxton May – July 69, 76 287 Dendrobium heterocarpum Wall. ex Lindl. Dec. – Feb 14, 73 288 Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl. July – Oct 29, 69, 76 289 Dendrobium jenkinsii Wall. ex Lindl. Apr – June 69, 76 290 Dendrobium kentrophyllum Hook.f. July – Oct 41 291 Dendrobium khasianum Deori Mar – May 69, 76 292 Dendrobium lindleyi Steud. Feb – Mar 69, 73, 76 293 Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindl. Apr – July 7, 69, 76 294 Dendrobium longicornu Lindl. Oct. – Nov 29, 69, 73 295 Dendrobium mannii Ridl. Nov. – Dec 69, 73, 76 296 Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. Apr – July 7, 73 297 Dendrobium monticola P.F.Hunt & Summerh. Apr – June 69, 73, 76 298 Dendrobium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Sw. Apr – May 69, 76 299 Dendrobium nareshbahadurii H.B. Naithani Oct. – Nov 69, 76 300 Denrobium nathanielis Reichb.f. Apr – July 69, 76 301 Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Mar – Apr 69, 76 302 Dendrobium numaldeorii C.Deori, Hynn. & Phukan Sept. – Nov 7, 10, 69, 76 303 Dendrobium ochreatum Lindl. Oct. – Feb 69, 76 304 Dendrobium palebrae Lindl. May – July 69, 76 305 Dendrobium parciflorum Rchb. f. ex Lindl. May – Aug 69, 76 306 Dendrobium parishii H. Low Sept. – Oct 1 307 Dendrobium pendulum Roxb. Sept. – Nov 1 308 Dendrobium polyanthum Wall. ex Lindl. May – June 73, 73, 76 309 Dendrobium porphyrochilum Lindl. May – June 69, 73, 76 310 Dendrobium praecinctum Reichb.f. June – Sept 69, 76 311 Dendrobium pulchellum Roxb. ex Lindl. June – Sept 14, 73 312 Dendrobium ritaeanum King & Pantl. Mar – June 76 313 Dendrobium rotundatum (Lindl.) Hook.f. Mar – May 29 64 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months 314 Dendrobium ruckeri Lindl. Apr – July 73 315 Dendrobium salaccense (Blume) Lindl. May – July 76, 83 316 Dendrobium sessanicum Apang May – June 2, 76 317 Dendrobium spatella Rchb.f. May – July 69, 73, 76 318 Dendrobium stuposum Lindl. June – Sept 29, 69 319 Dendrobium subansiriense D. Verma & Barbhuiya Oct. – Nov 81 Syn: Epigeneium arunachalense A. N. Rao References 7, 68 320 Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl. Apr – June 69, 76 321 Dendrobium terminale C.S.P. Parish & Rchb.f. Sept. – Nov 69, 76 322 Dendrobium thyrsiflorumB. S. Williams Apr – May 73 323 Dendrobium transparens Wall. ex Lindl. Apr – July 69, 76 324 Dendrobium treutleri (Hook.f.) Schuit. & Peter B. Adams Sept. – Oct 29 325 Dendrobium x vexabile Rchb.f. 326 Dendrobium wardianum R.Warner May – Sept 7, 69, 76 327 Dendrolirium ferrugineum (Lindl.) A.N.Rao May – June 69, 76 328 Dendrolirium kamlangensis (A.N.Rao) A.N.Rao July – Aug 69, 76 329 Dendrolirium lasiopetalum (Willd.) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood Feb – Apr 7, 69 330 Dendrolirium tomentosum (J.Koenig) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood Sept. – Nov 69, 76 May-July 69, 73, 76 73 DENDROLIRIUM Blume DIDYMOPLEXIS Griff. 331 Didymoplexis pallens Griff. DIENIA Lindl. 332 Dienia cylindrostachya Lindl. May – July 69, 73, 76 333 Dienia ophrydis (J.Koenig) Seidenf. July – Aug 73, 76 334 Diglyphosa latifolia Blume June 50, 73, 76 335 Diplomeris hirsuta (Lindl.) Lindl. Aug. – Sept 69, 70 336 Diplomeris josephii A.N.Rao & Swamin. June – Sept 69, 70 337 Diplomeris pulchella D. Don Aug. – Oct 69, 70, 80 338 Diploprora championii (Lindl.) Hook.f. July – Aug 67, 69 339 Diploprora truncata Rolfe ex Downie June – July 67, 69 June – Sept 69, 73, 75 DIGLYPHOSA Blume DIPLOMERIS D.Don DIPLOPRORA Hook.f. EPIPACTIS Zinn 340 Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz EPIPOGIUM Borkh. 341 Epipogium aphyllum Sw. Aug. – Sept 69, 76 342 Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl. May – June 29, 39, 69 Syn: Epipogium sessanum Hegde & A.N.Rao 69 ERIA Lindl. 343 Eria coronaria (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Nov. – Jan 7, 69 Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies 344 345 346 Flowering months References Eria clausa King & Pantling. Feb – Apr 73, 75 Eria javanica (Sw.) Blume June – Aug 7, 69 Eria scabrilinguis Lindl. Aug. – Sept Syn: Eria corneri Rchb.f. 347 82 69 Eria vittata Lindl. Mar – May 69, 76 Oct. – Dec 69, 76 ERIODES Rolfe 348 Eriodes barbata (Lindl.) Rolfe ERYTHRODES Blumei 349 Erythrodes blumei (Lindl.) Schltr. Apr – June 69, 71 350 Erythrodes hirsuta (Griff.) Ormerod Feb – Apr 69, 71 351 Erythrorchis altissima (Blume) Blume Apr – July 69, 29 ERYTHROCHIS Blume Syn: Erythrorchis ochobiensis (Hayata) Garay 73 EULOPHIA R. Brown 352 Eulophia bicallosa (D.Don) P.F.Hunt & Summerh. Mar – May 69, 76 353 Eulophia bracteosa Lindl. Apr – July 73 354 Eulophia dabia (D.Don) Hochr. Apr – June 69, 76 355 Eulophia graminea Lindl. Mar – Apr 12, 39 356 Eulophia nuda Lindl. Apr – July 76 Syn: Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) Suresh 357 Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm. 73 May – June 69, 76 GALEARIS Raf. 358 Galearis roborovskii (Maxim.) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale Aug. – Sept 69, 70 359 Galearis spathulata (Lindl.) P.F.Hunt July – Aug 69, 76 360 Galearis tschiliensis (Schltr.) P.J.Cribb, S.W.Gale & R.M.Bateman June – July 40 Apr – May 69, 76 GALEOLA Lour. 361 65 Galeola nudifolia Lour. GASTROCHILUS D.Don 362 Gastrochilus acutifolius (Lindl.) Kuntze Nov. – Jan 29, 69 363 Gastrochilus affinis (King & Pantl.) Schltr. Aug. – Oct 67, 69 364 Gastrochilus arunachalensis A.N.Rao Oct. – Dec 67, 69 365 Gastrochilus calceolaris (Buch.-Ham ex J.E.Sm.) D.Don Mar – May 67, 69 366 Gastrochiulus changjiangensis Q. Liu & M. Z. Huang Jan. – Feb 30 367 Gastrochilus dasypogon(Sm.) Kuntze Nov. – Jan 67, 69 368 Gastrochilus distichus (Lindl.) Kuntze June – Sept 69, 29 369 Gastrochilus inconspicuus (Hook.f.) King & Pantl. July – Sept 7 370 Gastrochilus intermedius (Griff. ex Lindl.) Kuntze Aug. – Sept 67, 69 371 Gastrochilus obliquus (Lindl.) Kuntze Oct. – Nov 67, 69 372 Gastrochilus obliquus var. suavis (Seidenf.) Z.H. Tsi Nov 67, 69, 73 373 Gastrochilus obliquus (Lindl.) Kuntze var. obliquus Sept. – Oct 83 Syn: Gastrochilus bigibbus (Rchb.f. ex Hook.f.) Kuntze Oct. – Nov 67 66 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 374 375 Gastrochilus platycalcaratus (Rolfe) Schltr. Sept. – Oct 24 Gastrochilus pseudodistichus (King & Pantl.) Schltr. Aug. – Sept 74 376 Gastrochilus rutilans Seidenf. Oct. – Nov 67, 69 377 Gastrochilus sessanicus A.N.Rao Sept. – Nov 67, 69 378 Gastrodia arunachalensis S.N.Hegde & A.N.Rao July – Aug 38, 69, 76 379 Gastrodia dyeriana King & Pantl. Sept. – Oct 29 380 Gastrodia exilis Hook.f. May – June 74 381 Gastrodia mishmensis A.N.Rao, Harid. & S.N.Hedge Aug. – Sept 59, 69 382 Gastrodia wuyishanensis Da M.Li & C.D.Liu Aug. – Sept 75 383 Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. June – Sept 39, 69, 76 384 Goodyera biflora (Lindl.) Hook.f. Apr – May 69, 71 385 Goodyera foliosa (Lindl.) Benth. ex C.B.Clarke Mar – May 69, 71 386 Goodyera fumata Thwaites July – Sept 69, 71 387 Goodyera fusca (Lindl.) Hook.f. July – Sept 69, 71 388 Goodyera hemsleyana King & Pantl. July – Sept 29 389 Goodyera hispida Lindl. Sept. – Nov 69, 71 390 Goodyera procera (Ker Gawl.) Hook. Apr – June 7, 69 391 Goodyera recurva Lindl. July – Sept 69, 71 382 Goodyera repens (L.) R.Br. Oct. – Dec 69, 71 393 Goodyera rubicunda (Blume) Lindl. July – Aug 69, 73, 76 394 Goodyera schlechtendaliana Rchb.f. Oct. – Dec 69, 71 395 Goodyera viridiflora (Blume) Blume Sept. – Nov 69, 76 396 Goodyera vittata (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. Sept. – Nov 69, 71 397 Gymnadenia orchidis Lindl. June – Aug 69, 70 398 Habenaria acuifera Wall. ex Lindl. Aug – Sept 70, 73, 80 399 Habenaria arietina Hook.f. Aug. – Sept 74, 80 400 Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr. Sept. – Nov 69, 70, 80 401 Habenaria digitata Lindl. July – Sept 15, 73 402 Habenaria ensifolia Lindl. May – June 15, 73 403 Habenaria furcifera Lindl. July – Aug 69, 70 404 Habenaria malleifera Hook.f. Aug. – Sept 7 405 Habenaria pantlingiana Kraenzl. July – Aug 69, 70, 80 406 Habenaria pectinata D.Don Aug. – Sept 69, 70, 80 GASTRODIA R. Brown GEODORUM Andrews GOODYERA R. Brown GYMNADENIA R. Brown HABENARIA Willd. Syn: Kryptostoma pectinatum (D.Don) Olszewski & Szlach 407 Habenaria plantaginea Lindl. Yet to confirm 39, 69, 70 408 Habenaria stenopetala Lindl. July – Aug 39, 69, 70 Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies 67 Flowering months References June – Aug 9, 83 HEMIPILIA Lindl. 409 Hemilpilia chusua (D.Don) Y.Tang & H.Peng Syn: Ponerorchis chusua (King & Pantling.) Soo 410 Hemilpilia puberula (King & Pantling.) Y.Tang & H.Peng 76 June – Sept Syn: Ponerorchis puberula (King & Pantling) Verm 83 69, 76 411 Hemipilia purpureopunctata (K.Y.Lang) Y.Tang & H.Peng May – June 4 412 Hemilipilia secundiflora (Kraenzl.) Y.Tang & H.Peng Aug. – Sept 83 Syn: Neottianthe secundiflora (Hook.f.) Schltr. 7 HERMINIUM L. Aug. – Sept 15 414 Herminium clavigerum (Lindl.) X.H.Jin, Schuit., Raskoti & Lu Q.Huang Herminium edgeworthii (Hook. f. ex Collett) X.H.Jin, Schuit., Raskoti & Lu Q.Huang Aug. – Sept 21 415 Herminium fallax (Lindl.) Hook.f. July – Sept 82 413 Syn: Peristylus fallax Lindl. 69, 73, 76 416 Herminium jaffreyanum King & Pantl. Aug. – Oct 15 417 Herminium josephi Rchb.f. June – Aug 69, 70 418 Herminium kamengense A.N.Rao Aug. – Sept 69, 76 419 Herminium kumauensis Deva & H.B. Naithani June – Aug 69, 70, 73 420 Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk July – Oct 7, 69, 80 421 Herminium latilabre (Lindl.) X.H.Jin, Schuit., Raskoti & Lu Q.Huang July – Aug Syn: Platanthera cumminsiana (King & Pantl.) Renz 83 68 422 Herminium longilobatum S.N.Hegde & A.N.Rao Aug. – Sept 423 Herminium macrophyllum (D.Don) Dandy June – Aug 9, 21 424 Herminium monophyllum (D.Don) P.F.Hunt & Summerh. July – Aug 69, 70 425 Herminium monorchis (L.) R.Br. in W.T.Aiton June – Aug 83 Syn: Herminium haridasanii A.N.Rao 426 Herminium pugioniforme Lindl. ex Hook.f. 427 Herpysma longicaulis Lindl. 428 Hetaeria affinis (Griff.) Seiden f. & Ormerod 69, 70 70 July – Sept 9 Oct. – Dec 69, 71 Aug. – Sept 69, 71 HERPYSMA Lindl. HETAERIA Blume HOLCOGLOSSUM Schltr. 429 Holcoglossum himalaicum (Deb, Sengupta & Malick) Aver. Oct. – Nov 75 430 Holcoglossum semiteretifolium (Seidenf.) R.Rice Feb – Apr 83 Syn: Ascocentrum semiteretifolium Seidenf. 70, 73 HSENHSUA X.H.Jin, Schuit. & W.T.Jin 431 Hsenhsua chrysea (W.W.Sm.) X.H.Jin, Schuit., W.T.Jin & L.Q.Huang July – Aug Syn: Ponerorchis chrysea (W.W.Sm.) Soo 9, 83 75 LECANORCHIS Blume 432 Lecanorchis javanica Blume May – June 75 68 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 433 Liparis assamica King & Pantl. Oct. – Nov 69, 76 434 Liparis barbata Lindl. 435 Liparis bistriata C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. 436 Liparis bootanensis Griff. July – Sept 7, 69, 73 437 Liparis cathcartii Hook.f. Mar – May 7, 69, 73 438 Liparis cespitosa (Lam.) Lindl. Aug. – Oct 7, 69, 73 439 Liparis cordifolia Hook.f. Oct. – Dec 29, 69, 73 440 Liparis delicatula Hook.f. Aug. – Oct 7, 69 441 Liparis distans C.B.Clarke Aug. – Oct 29, 69 442 Liparis elliptica Wight Oct. – Nov 7, 69 443 Liparis gamblei Hook.f. July – Aug 7, 69 444 Liparis gigantea C.L.Tso Apr – May 23 445 Liparis luteola Lindl. July – Sept 69, 76 446 Liparis mannii Rchb.f. Nov. – Jan 69, 76 447 Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. May – Oct 29, 69 448 Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. subsp. nervosa Apr – May 75 449 Liparis nervosa var. khasiana (Hook.f.) P.K. Sarkar May – July 75 450 Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl. Apr – June 69, 76 451 Liparis perpusilla Hook.f. June – July 69, 76 452 Liparis petiolata (D.Don) P.F.Hunt & Summerh. July – Aug 75 453 Liparis plantaginea Lindl. June – Aug 69, 76 454 Liparis resupinata Ridl. Oct. – Dec 7, 69 455 Liparis stricklandiana Rchb.f. Oct. – Dec 7, 69 456 Liparis viridiflora (Blume) Lindl. Oct. – Dec 7, 69 LIPARIS L.C.Rich July 73, 76 June – July 29, 69, 73 LUISIA Gaud. 457 Luisia brachystachys (Lindl.) Blume July – Sept 15, 73 458 Luisia filiformis Hook.f. Apr – June 7, 69, 73 459 Luisia psyche Rchb.f. Aug. – Oct 15, 73 460 Luisia trichorrhiza (Hook.) Blume Mar – May 7, 69 461 Luisia tristis (G.Forst.) Hook.f. June – July 69, 76 462 Luisia zeylanica Lindl. May – July 7, 69 463 Malaxis muscifera (Lindl.) Kuntze July – Aug 69, 76 464 Micropera mannii (Hook.f.) Tang & F.T.Wang June – Aug 67, 69 465 Micropera obtusa (Lindl.) Tang & F.T.Wang July – Aug 67, 69 466 Micropera pallida (Roxb.) Lindl. May – July 67, 69 467 Micropera rostrata (Roxb.) N.P.Balakr. May – July 67, 69 Dec. – Feb 69, 76 MALAXIS Soland.ex Swartz MICROPERA Lindl. MYCARANTHES Blume 468 Mycaranthes floribunda (D.Don) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies 469 Neogyna gardneriana (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 470 69 Flowering months References Nov. – Jan 69, 7 Neottia acuminata Schltr. Aug. – Sept 69, 76 471 Neottia alternifolia (King & Pantl.) Szlach. June – Aug 7, 69 472 Neottia confusa Bhaumik July – Aug 8, 73 473 Neottia dihangensis Bhaumik July – Aug 8, 73 474 Neottia divaricata (Panigrahi & P.Taylor) Szlach. July – Sept 7, 69 475 Neottia listeroides Lindl. June – July 79 NEOGYNA Reichb.f. NEOTTIA Guett. NEPHELAPHYLLUM Blume 476 Nephelaphyllum cordifolium (Lindl.) Blume June – July 69, 76 477 Nephelaphyllum pulchrum Blume May – July 69, 76 478 Nephelaphyllum pulchrum var. sikkimense Hook.f. June – July 69, 76 NERVILIA Commers. ex Gaud. 479 Nervilia crociformis (Zoll. & Moritzi) Seidenf June – July 39, 73 480 Nervilia gammieana (Hook.f.) Pfitzer May – June 69, 76 481 Nevilia gleadowii A.N. Rao July – Sept 69, 76 482 Nervilia hookeriana (King & Pantl.) Schltr. Aug. – Oct 15 483 Nervilia infundibulifolia Blatt. & McCann May – June 69, 76 484 Nervilia juliana Roxb.) Schltr. May – Aug 69, 76 485 Nervilia macroglossa (Hook.f.) Schltr. July – Sept 69, 76 486 Nervilia plicata (Andrews) Schltr. Apr – July 39, 73 487 Oberonia acaulis Griff. Sept. – Nov 7, 69 488 Oberonia aculis Griff. var. aculis Sept. – Oct 83 OBERONIA Lindl. Syn: Oberonia myriantha Lindl, 73 489 Oberonia angustifolia Lindl. Sept. – Dec 7 490 Oberonia anthropophora Lindl. Apr – May 69, 29 491 Oberonia arunachalensis A.N. Rao June – Oct 69, 76 492 Oberonia bopannae K. Chowlu, S. Malik & P. Kumar Oct. – Nov 20 493 Oberonia caulescens Lindl. July – Oct 29, 69 494 Oberonia emarginata King & Pantl July – Sept 7, 69, 73 495 Oberonia ensiformis (Sm.) Lindl. Sept. – Nov 69, 73, 76 496 Oberonia falcata King & Pantling. June – Aug 7, 69, 76 497 Oberonia falconeri Hook.f. Aug. – Oct 69, 76 498 Oberonia helferi Hook.f. Aug. – Sept 7, 69 499 Oberonia jenkinsiana Griff. ex Lindl. Aug. – Oct 29, 69, 73 500 Oberonia jhae Chowlu & K.S. Rab May – June 19 501 Oberonia kamlangensis A.N. Rao Feb – Apr 64, 69 502 Oberonia langbianensis Gagnep. Aug. – Oct 29 503 Oberonia longilabris King & Pantl. Aug. – Sept 29, 73 70 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 504 505 Oberonia maxima C.S.P.Parish ex Hook.f. June – Oct 69, 76 Oberonia mannii Hook.f. Mar – June 29 506 507 Oberonia mucronata (D.Don) Ormerod & Seidenf. Oct. – Jan 69, 76 Oberonia obcordata Lindl. July – Nov 7, 69 508 Oberonia pachyrachis Rchb. f. ex Hook.f. Nov. – Jan 69, 76 509 Oberonia prainiana King & Pantl. May – July 69, 73, 76 510 Oberonia pumilio Rchb.f. Apr – May 69, 76 511 Oberonia pyrulifera Lindl. July – Dec 7, 69, 73 512 Oberonia recurva Lindl. Oct. – Nov 69, 76 513 Oberonia ritaii King & Pantling. July – Nov 7 514 Oberonia rufilabris Lindl. Nov. – Jan 29, 69, 73 ODONTOCHILUS Blume 515 Odontochilus asraoa (J.Joseph & Abbar.) Ormerod Aug. – Sept 75 516 Odontochilus clarkei Hook.f. Aug. – Oct 6, 69, 73 517 Odontochilus crispus (Lindl.) Hook.f. Aug.- Oct 6, 69, 73 518 Odontochilus elwesii C.B.Clarke ex Hook.f. June – Aug 69, 71, 73 519 Odontochilus grandiflorus (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. June – Sept 69, 71, 73 520 Odontochilus lanceolatus (Lindl.) Blume July – Sept 71, 73 521 Odontochilus poilanei (Gagnep.) Ormerod Sept. – Oct 75 522 Odontochilus pumilus Hook.f. Apr – May 83 June – Sept 69, 71, 73 May – July 69, 73, 76 Syn: Myrmechi pumila (Hook.f.) Tang & F.T.Wang 69, 76 523 Odontochilus tortus King & Pantl. 524 Oreorchis micrantha Lindl. 525 Otochilus albus Lindl. Nov. – Jan 7, 69 526 Otochilus fuscus Lindl. Nov. – Jan 29, 69 527 Otochilus lancilabius Seidenf. Oct. – Jan 7 528 Otochilus porrectus Lindl. Oct. – Dec 29, 69 Mar – May 69, 73, 76 OREORCHIS Lindl. OTOCHILUS Lindl. PACHYSTOMA Blume 529 Pachystoma pubescens Blume PANISEA (Lindl.) Lindl. 530 Panisea demissa (D.Don) Pfitzer 531 Panisea tricallosa Rolfe 532 Apr 69, 73, 76 May – June 69, 73, 76 Paphiopedilum fairrieanum (Lindl.) Stein Oct. – Dec 22, 69, 76 533 Paphiopedilum insigne (Lindl.) Pfitzer Dec. – Feb 73 534 Paphiopedilum venustum (Wall. ex Sims) Pfitzer Jan. – Mar 22, 54, 69 535 Paphiopedilum wardii Summerh. Dec. – Feb 69, 75 Apr – June 15 PAPHIOPEDILUM Pfitz. PAPILIONANTHE Schltr. 536 Papilionanthe cylindrica (Lindl.) Seidenf. Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies 537 538 539 71 Flowering months References Papilionanthe teres (Roxb.) Schltr. June – July 67, 69 Papilionanthe uniflora (Lindl.) Garay Oct. – Nov 29, 69 Papilionanthe vandarum (Rchb.f.) Garay June – July 67, 69 Aug. – Oct 67, 73, 80 July – Aug 67, 73 PECTEILIS Rafin. 540 Pecteilis susannae (L.) Raf. PELATANTHERIA Ridl. 541 Pelatantheria insectifera (Rchb.f.) Ridl. PENNILABIUM J.J.Sm. 542 Pennilabium proboscideum A.S.Rao & J.Joseph July – Aug 67, 69, 73 543 Pennilabium struthio Carr July – Aug 67, 69, 73 544 Peristylus affinis (D.Don) Seidenf. July – Aug 70, 80 545 Peristylus aristatus Lindl. Aug. – Sept 70 546 Peristylus constrictus (Lindl.) Lindl. May – June 69, 70 547 Peristylus densus (Lindl.) Santapau & Kapadia May – Oct 29 548 Peristylus goodyeroides (D.Don) Lindl. July – Aug 69, 70 549 Peristylus parishii Rchb.f. June – July 73, 80 550 Peristylus prainii (Hook.f.) Kraenzl. Aug. – Sept 69, 70 551 Peristylus richardianus Wight Aug. – Oct 69, 76, 80 PERISTYLUS Blume PHAIUS Lour. 552 Phaius flavus (Blume) Lindl. Apr – June 7, 69, 76 553 Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb.f. Oct. – Dec 7, 69, 76 554 Phaius tankervilleae (Banks) Blume Mar – May 7, 69, 76 555 Phaius wallichii Lindl. May – June 47 556 Phalaenopsis arunachalensis K.Gogoi & Rinya Mar – Apr 28 557 Phalaenopsis deliciosa Rchb.f. May – June 67, 69 558 Phalaenopsis difformis (Wall. ex Lindl.) Kocyan & Schuit. May – June 75 Syn: Ornithochilus difformis (Wall. ex Lindl.) Schltr. June – Aug 69, 76 Phalaenopsis hygrochila J.M.H.Shaw June – July PHALAENOPSIS Blume 559 Syn: Hygrochilus parishii (Veitch et Rchb.f.) Pfitz. 69, 76 560 Phalaenopsis lobbii (Rchb.f.) H.R. Sweet Mar – Apr 67, 69 561 Phalaenopsis mannii Rchb.f. May – June 67, 69 562 Phalaenopsis parishii Rchb.f. Mar-May 7 Phalaenopsis taenialis (Lindl.) Christenson & Pradhan June-Aug 67, 69 Syn: Phalaenopsis braceana (Hook.f.) Christenson Apr-May 29 Syn: Hygrochilus parishii (Veitch & Rchb.f.) Engler & Pantl. 563 PHOLIDOTA Lindl. 564 Pholidota articulata Lindl. Apr – July 7, 69, 76 565 Pholidota chinensis Lindl. June – July 69, 76 566 Pholidota convallariae (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Hook.f. Apr – May 69, 73, 76 72 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 567 Pholidota imbricata Hook.f. Aug. – Sept 7, 69 568 Pholidota katakiana Phukan Apr – July 69, 76 569 Pholidota pallida Lindl. May – Oct 29, 69 570 Pholidota protracta Hook.f. Oct. – Nov 29, 69 571 Pholidota pygmaea H.J.Chowdhery & G.D.Pal Oct. – Dec 13, 69, 76 572 Pholidota rubra Lindl. Nov 69, 76 573 Pholidota wattii King & Pantl. June – Aug 69, 73, 76 July – Sept 69, 73, 76 PHREATIA Lindl. 574 Phreatia elegans Lindl. PINALIA Lindl. 575 Pinalia acervata (Lindl.) Kuntze July 69, 76 576 Pinalia amica (Rchb.f.) Kuntze Mar – May 7, 69 577 Pinalia apertiflora (Summerh.) A.N.Rao May – June 69, 76 578 Pinalia bipunctata (Lindl.) Kuntze July – Aug 29, 69 579 Mar 69, 76 580 Pinalia bractescens (Lindl.) Kuntze Pinalia connata (J.Joseph, S.N.Hegde & Abbar.) Ormerod & E.W.Wood 581 Pinalia excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze 582 583 584 Pinalia pumila (Lindl.) Kuntze 585 Pinalia sharmae (H.J.Chowdhery, G.S.Giri & G.D.Pal) A.N.Rao 586 Pinalia spicata (D.Don) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood July – Aug 29, 69 Aug 69, 76 May – Oct 29, 69 Pinalia globulifera (Seidenf.) A.N.Rao July – Sept 69, 76 Pinalia graminifolia (Lindl.) Kuntze June – July 29, 69 May 69, 76 Feb – Mar 69, 76 PLATANTHERA L.C.Rich. 587 Platanthera bakeriana (King & Pantl.) Kraenzl. July – Aug 70, 73 588 Platanthera bhutanica K.Inoue July – Sept 9 589 Platanthera concinna (Hook.f.) Kraenzl. July – Aug 80 590 Platanthera contigua Tang & F.T.Wang May – June 42 591 Platanthera dyeriana (King & Pantl.) Kraenzl. July – Aug 80 592 Platanthera exelliana Soo July 9 593 Platanthera leptocaulon (Hook.f.) Soó Aug. – Sept 70, 73 594 Platanthera roseotincta (W.W.Sm.) Tang & F.T.Wang Sept 42 595 Platanthera stenantha (Hook.f.) Soó Platanthera superantha (J.J.Wood) X. H.Jin, Schuit., Raskoti & LuQ. Huang July – Aug 70, 73 July 83 42 596 Syn: Peristylus superanthus J. J. Wood 9 597 Platanthera uniformis Tang & F.T.Wang May – June 598 Platanthera urceolata (C.B.Clarke) R.M.Bateman Aug. – Sept Syn: Diphylax urceolata (Clarke) Hook.f. 42 70, 73 PLEIONE D.Don 599 Pleione arunachalensis Hareesh, P.Kumar & M.Sabu 600 Pleione hookeriana (Lindl.) Rollisson May 35 May – June 7, 69 Jumter Nyorak 73 Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 601 Pleione humilis (Sm.) D.Don Jan – Mar 69, 76 602 Pleione maculata (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton Sept. – Oct 69, 76 603 Pleione praecox (Sm.) D.Don Sept. – Nov 7, 69 604 Pleione saxicola Tang & F.T.Wang ex S.C.Chen Sept. – Nov 7, 69, 73 605 Pleione scopulorum W.W.Sm. May – July 69, 73, 76 606 Podochilus cultratus Lindl. Sept. – Nov 69, 76 607 Podochilus khasianus Hook.f. June – Aug 69, 76 608 Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R.Sweet Aug. – Oct 69, 73, 76 609 Pomatocalpa armigerum (King & Pantl.) Tang & F.T.Wang Aug – Oct 67, 69 610 Pomatocalpa spicatum Breda Mar – May 67, 69 611 Pomatocalpa undulatum (Lindl.) J.J.Sm. Mar – May 67, 69 June – July 5 PODOCHILUS blume POLYSTACHYA Hook.f. POMATOCALPA Breda PONERORCHIS 612 Ponerorchis pathakiana (Av.Bhattacharjee) J. M. H. Shaw PORPAX Lindl. 613 Porpax elwesii (Rchb.f.) Rolfe Oct. – Nov 69, 76 614 Porpax seidenfadenii A.N.Rao May – Sept 65, 69, 76 615 Propax pusilla (Griff.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen Aug. – Oct 83 Syn: Conchidium pusillum Griff. 69, 76 PTEROCERAS Hasselt ex Hassk. 616 Pteroceras teres (Blume) Holttum June – Sept 7, 69, 76 May – June 67, 69 Aug. – Sept 75 RENANTHERA Lour. 617 Renanthera imschootiana Rolfe 618 Rhomboda abbreviata (Lindl.) Ormerod 619 Rhomboda arunachalensis A.N.Rao Nov. – Jan 69, 71, 73 620 Rhomboda lanceolata (Lindl.) Ormerod Sept. – Nov 71, 73 621 Rhomboda pulchra (King & Pantl.) Ormerod & Av.Bhattacharjee July – Aug 83 RHOMBODA Lindl. Syn: Zeuxine pulchra King & Pantl. 71, 73 RHYNCHOSTYLIS Blume 622 Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume Mar – May 67, 69 June 83 ROBIQUETIA Gaud. 623 Robiquetia arunachalensis (A.N.Rao) Kocyan & Schuit. Syn: India arunachalensis A.N. Rao May – July 56, 67 624 Robiquetia spathulata (Blume) J.J.Sm. May – July 67, 69 625 Robiquetia succisa (Lindl.) Seiden f. & Garay May – July 67, 69 Apr – June 7, 69, 73 SACCOLABIOPSIS J.J.Sm. 626 Saccolabiopsis pusilla (Lindl.) Seiden f. & Garay 74 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 627 Sarcoglyphis arunachalensis A.N.Rao May – June 58, 67, 69, 76 628 Satyrium nepalense D.Don July – Sept 69, 70 629 Satyrium ciliatum Lindl. Sept. – Nov 9 SARCOGLYPHIS Garay SATYRIUM Swartz Syn: Satyrium nepalense var. ciliatum (Lindl.) Hook.f. 69, 70, 73 SCHOENORCHIS Blume 630 Schoenorchis gemmata (Lindl.) J.J.Sm. June – Nov 7, 69, 76 Mar – May 7, 69, 76 SMITINANDIA Holtt. 631 Smitinandia micrantha (Lindl.) Holttum SPATHOGLOTTIS Blume 632 Spathoglottis arunachalensis Tsering & K.Prasad Oct 78 633 Spathoglottis ixioides (D.Don) Lindl. Aug. – Sept 69, 76 634 Spathoglottis plicata Blume June – July 15 635 Spathoglottis pubescens Lindl. July – Aug 69, 76 636 Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames Apr – June 7, 69, 76 June – Aug 7, 69, 76 June – July 69, 73, 76 SPIRANTHES Rich. STEREOCHILUS Lindl. 637 Stereochilus hirtus Lindl. STEREOSANDRA Blume 638 Stereosandra javanica Blume STICHORKIS Thouars 639 Stichorkis gibbosa (Finet) J. J. Wood 73 STRONGYLERIA (Pfitzer) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen 640 Strongyleria pannea (Lindl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen Apr – June Syn: Mycaranthes pannea (Lindl.) S.C.Chen & Wood 29 69 TAENOPHYLLUM Blume 641 Taeniophyllum arunachalense A.N.Rao & J.Lal 642 643 644 Taenophyllum retrospiculatum (King & Pantling.) King & Pantling. May – Aug 29 645 Taeniophyllum stella Carr Aug. – Sept 67, 69, 73 Apr – June 29, 69, 73 Mar – May 83 July – Aug 60, 67, 69 Taeniophyllum campanulatum Carr Aug. – Sept 67, 69 Taeniophyllum crepidiforme (King & Pantl.) King & Pantl. Aug. – Nov 69, 73 TAINIA Blume 646 647 Tainia latifolia (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Tainia megalantha (Tang & F.T. Wang) Sushil K. Singh, Agrawala & Jalal Syn: Mischobulbum megalanthum Tang & Wang 69 648 Tainia minor Hook.f. June – Aug 29, 69, 73 649 Tainia wrayana (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm. June – Aug 69, 76 July – Aug 15, 73 THELASIS Blume 650 Thelasis khasiana Hook.f. Jumter Nyorak Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies 651 652 75 Flowering months References Thelasis longifolia Hook.f. Apr – June 69, 76, 73 Thelasis pygmaea (Griff.) Lindl. Sept. – Oct 69, 76 THRIXSPERMUM Lour. 653 Thrixspermum centipeda Lour. Sept. – Nov 67, 69 654 Thrixspermum changlangensis Gogoi May – June 31 655 Thrixspermum crassilabre (King & Pantl.) Ormerod June – Sept 15 656 Thrixspermum japonicum (Miq.) Rchb.f. Sept. – Nov 32 657 Thrixspermum musciflorum A.S.Rao & J.Joseph Oct. – Feb 67, 73 658 Thrixspermum pygmaeum (King & Pantl.) Holttum Apr – May 14 659 Thrixspermum saruwatarii (Hayata) Schltr. May – June 44, 73 660 Thunia alba (Lindl.) Rchb.f. May – Aug 69, 76 661 Thunia alba var. bracteata (Roxb.)N.Pearce & P.J.Cribb May – July 69, 76 THUNIA Rchb.f. TRICHOTOSIA Blume 662 Trichotosia dasyphylla (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kraenzl. May – July 69, 76 663 Trichotosia pulvinata (Lindl.) Kraenzl. July 69, 76 664 Trichotosia velutina (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Kraenzl. Oct 69, 76 665 Tropidia angulosa (Lindl.) Blume Nov 69, 76 666 Tropidia curculigoides Lindl. June 69, 76 667 Tropidia namasiae C.K.Liao, T.P.Lin & M.S.Tang May – June 75 668 Tropidia pedunculata Blume May – July 69, 73, 76 669 Uncifera acuminata Lindl. July – Aug 69, 75 670 Uncifera lancifolia (King & Pantl.) Schltr. May – June 75 671 Uncifera obtusifolia Lindl. Aug. – Oct 29, 69, 73 672 Vanda alpina (Lindl.) Lindl. June – July 67, 69 673 Vanda ampullaceal (Roxb.) L. M. Gardener Mar – June 83 TROPIDIA Lindl. UNCIFERA Lindl. VANDA W. Jones ex. R. Brown Syn: Ascocentrum amullaceum (Roxb.) Schltr. 73 674 Vanda bicolor Griff. Mar – May 7, 69 675 Vanda coerulea Grif f. ex Lindl. Aug. – Oct 67, 69 676 Vanda coerulescens Griff. Mar – May 67, 69 677 Vanda cristata Wall. ex Lindl. Apr – May 67, 69 678 Vanda griffithii Lindl. June – Aug 67, 69 679 Vanda motesiana Choltco Aug. – Sept 83 680 Vanda stangeana Rchb.f. Mar – July 83 681 Vanda testacea (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Mar – June 83 682 Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. Mar – May 71, 73 ZEUXINE Lindl. 76 Orchids of Arunachal Pradesh (India) Sl. No. Name of species/variety/Subspecies Flowering months References 683 684 Zeuxine clandestina Blume Jan – Mar 69, 71, 73 Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen Jan. – Feb 69, 71, 73 685 Zeuxine goodyeroides Lindl. Oct. – Feb 69, 71, 73 686 Zeuxine lindleyana A.N.Rao Jan. – Feb 69, 71, 73 687 Zeuxine longilabris (Lindl.) Trimen Feb – Mar 69, 71, 73 688 Zeuxine nervosa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Benth. ex Trimen Feb – Apr 69, 73, 76 689 Zeuxine reflexa King & Pantl. Mar – May 18, 69, 76 690 Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. Feb – Mar 69, 73, 76 Looking at the sssessment of threat status of these wonderful plants of Arunachal Pradesh revealed that almost all the 32 endemic taxa listed in Table 3 are so far known as threatened as per IUCN Red List conditions. Table 3. Listed below the 32 endemic taxa of orchids known to occur in Arunachal Pradesh (India) and their IUCN status. [CR-Critically endangered; EN-Endangered; DD-Data deficient] Name of species Biermannia arunachalensis Biermannia jainiana Bulbophyllum arunachalense Cheirostylis gunnarii Cheirostylis sessanica Cheirostylistippica Cleisostoma tricallosum Coelogyne hajrae Cylindrolobus lohitensis Cylindrolobus gloensis Cylindrolobus hegdei Dendrobium nareshbahadurii Dendrobium subansiriense Diplomeris josephi Gastrodia mishmensis Gastrodia arunachalensis Neottia confuse Neottia dihangensis Oberonia jhae Oberonia arunachalensis Oberonia kamlangensis Oberonia bopannae Phalaenopsis arunachalensis Ponerorchis pathakiana Pleione arunachalensis Porpax seidenfadenii Robiquetia arunachalensis Rhombodaarunachalensis Sarcoglyphis arunachalensis Spathoglottisarunachalensis Thrixspermum changlangensis Taeniophyllum arunachalense IUCN Red List Status 2022 Data deficient, DD CR B2ab(iii,v); C2a(I,ii);D CR B2ab(iii,v) CR B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii) EN B1(i,ii,iii,iv)+2ab(i,ii,iii) CR B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii,v) EN B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii) Data deficient, DD CR B2ab(iii), possibly Extinct. Data deficient, DD CR B2ab(iii) CR D CR D CR B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii) Data deficient, DD CR B2ab(iii), IUCN 2012 CR B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii) CR D Data deficient, DD Data deficient, DD CR B2ab(iii) EN B2ab(iii) CR B2ab(iii,v); C2a(I,ii), Possibly extinct. CR B2ab(iii,v) Data deficient, DD Jumter Nyorak 77 LITERATURE CITED [Numbers provided at the end of a reference is to refer it in Table -2] Adani Lokhi 2013. Diversity of Dendrobiums SW. Its Distributional Patterns and Present Status in Northeast India. Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ. 3(5): 1 – 8. [1] Apang, O. 2012. Dendrobium sessanicum O.Apang – A new species of Dendrobium Sw. (Orchidaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. J. Econ. Tax. Bot. 36(2): 370 – 373. [2] Agrawala, D.K. & Ormerod, P. 2014. A new species of Eria (Orchidaceae) from India under the section Cylindrolobous. Taiwania 59(3): 206 – 209. [3] Agrawala, D.K.; Panday, S.; Bhaumik, M & Bhattacharjee, A. 2019. Occurrence and Red list Assessment of Hemipilia purpureopunctata (Orchidaceae) in India. Richardiana 4: 1 – 8. [4] Bhattacharjee, A. 2015. A new species of Amitostigma (Orchidinae: Orchidaceae) from India. Phytotaxa 230(3): 267 – 273. [5] Bhaumik, M. & Bhattacharjee, A. 2010. On the occurrence of two rare species of Odontochilus Blume (Orchidaceae) in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Bull. Arunachal For. Res. 26(1&2): 68 – 72. [6] Bhaumik, M. 2011. Contributions to the Orchid Flora vis-à-vis- forest types of Dibang Valley district of Arunachal Pradesh. Bull. Arunachal For. Res. 27(1&2): 58 – 64. [7] Bhaumik, M. 2012. Two new species of Neottia (Orchidaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Edinburgh J. Bot., 69(3): 379 – 388. [8] Bharali, P.; Das, A.K. & Liden, M. 2014. Notes on the alpine flora of Arunachal Pradesh, including several species new to India. In: Das, A.P. & Bera, S. (eds.), Plant Diversity in the Himalaya Hotspot Region, vol. 1. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh Dehra Dun. 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