Barleria and celosia crop production technology

College of Horticulture-Bagalkot.
Course No : FLA 503
Course Title : Production technologies of
Traditional flowers.
Presented by:
D. Lava kumar,
Jr. M. Sc ,
Dept .of FLA.
Presented to:
A.M. Shirol sir,
Associate Professor,
Dept . of FLA.

TOPIC :
PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES OF

 Scientific name :Barleria cristata
Family : Acanthaceae ,
Origin : Native of southern India ,
Chromosome no:2n=40 ,
Vernacular names : December flowers,
Janti or Bansa , Violetta
(English),
Philippine violet , Blueball
barleria.
Named the genus Barleria ,in the honour of
French botanist J.Barrelier (17th century).

BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION:
• Perennial , evergreen compact bushy , many
branched shrub , attains a height of upto1.5 mts.
• Tolerates regular pruning.
• stems: Angular and hairy green.
• Leaves: Opposite(entire to 7cm) , often armed with
spines in the leafaxils .
• Bracteoles: frequently represented by thorns

FLOWER
Axillary or terminal
Purple, blue , yellow or white in colour
Sessile, solitary or in dense.
Sepals : 4 in number,in opposite pairs
Corolla tube: Elongate , sometimes large
funnel
Shaped upwards.
Capsules : ovoid or entire,2 or 4 seeded.
Seeds: Surface hairs which swell when wet.

USES:
 These are popular flowering shrubs.
 Commonly grown in gardens as Hedge and shrubbery.
 Making Garlands.
 Adorning the hair of women.
 Religious and ceremonial functions.
 Leaves of Barleria opara used as vegetable.
 Seeds of Barleria cristata used as antidote for snakebite.
 Roots,leaves reduces swelling and infusion is given for cough.
 Barleria prionitis used for catarrhal affections of children accompined
for fever and cough.
 Leaf juice applied for feet to prevent cracking.

Religious offering Garland preparations

Veni:
Hair adornment
Loose Flower:
Religious offering

Vegetable:
Berlaria
opaca:
Leaves
Seeds:
Antidote for
Snake bite

Barleria cristata:
 Most common and important species
 Popularly grown in gardens
 Erect shrub ,branches are adpressed
by yellow hairs
 Flower colour : violet ,purple , pink,
blue or white
Varieties : Aliporense , Celestis , Ciliata,
Sraiata , Dichotoma , Pulcherimma,
Candida etc.

Barleria.acanthoides
Barleria.buxiflora
 Dwarf shrubs used in garden
 Purple bluish or white flowers
B.acanthoides B.buxiflora

B.cuspidata :yellow flower B.mysorensis : purple flower

B.pilosa Blue flower B.tomentosa Pink flower

HERBACEOUS
B.grandiflora White flower B.montana

 B.coerulea
 B.involucrata
 B.nitida
 B.stringosa
Upright shrubby with blue flowers

B.courtallica
Blue flowers with
yellow throat

Species without spines
B.flavaYellow flowers B.stringosa Blue flowers

B.repens
 Prostate stem
with pink flowers

Bushy and used as Fence
B.prionitis Yellow flower B.gibsoniiBlue flower

B.lupulina:
 Attractive plant even without flowers.
 Leaves dark green with red midrib, stems are chocolate colour
and flowers are yellow in colour.
Leaves Yellow flowers

HYBRIDIZATION:
 In Barleria, there are many species and quite a good
number of varieties are available in B.cristata .
 Cut blooms in barleria last for a short duration.
 In mild tropical climate they bear flowers for several
months in a year, but in north India they flower in the
early cold months for a few weeks.
 B.cristata forms used in cross breeding programs with
other interesting species to evolve attractive free-
flowering types with more flowers per axil which will
bloom for many months in a year and of cut blooms
will last for a longer duration . Bagging in hybridization

PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
 Barleria is grown in a variety of soils and climates.
 Very hardy and can grow even in adverse soil and climatic conditions.
 But, it prefers mild tropical climate for proper growth and flowering.
 Prefers a sunny situation but will flower fairly in semi-shade.
 Loamy garden soil rich in organic matter is best suited.

CULTIVATION:
 Well pulverized soil upto a good depth ,free from
weeds , stones and other hard material is required.
 FYM should be applied at the time of soil
preparation.
 To facilitate irrigation and other cultural operations
, land is to be divided into plots

Planting:
 Plants are easily propagated from seeds or by stem cuttings.
 Spacing: 1.5mts either way.
 1800 plants/acre may be planted.

Intercultural operations:
 Barleria responds to manuring , but too much manure will encourage
vegetative growth .
 Hamper quality and quantity of blooming.
 For 1acre: 6tonnes of FYM
3quintals of inorganic manure is required.
 NPK ratio: 17:17:17.
 Half applied at the time of planting or after pruning,
rest half at 1 month before flowering.

 Sufficient moisture in the soil is necessary for proper
flowering.
 During summer and dry months , plants are to be watered
freely.
 Done after blooming season is over.
 Pruning helps in balancing vegetative growth and flowering of plants.
 If properly done it induces good flowering.

 Harvesting starts from June and remains upto February under Bangalore
Condition.
 Yeild:3000 to 4000 kg/ha.
 Price fluctuates greatly in different months depending on the supply
and seasonal demand of the flowers.
 Highest during : Dec-Feb,
 Lowest during : July-August.

 Scientific name : Celosia argentia var. cristeta
 Family : Amaranthaceae
 Origin : Africa
 Chromosome no :2n=36.
 Other names :Cock’s comb , wool flower ,
velvet flower(Mexico),
Rooster comb (Spain),
Sita jada or pattukuchula puvvu
(in Telugu).

Importance
 Celosia is a Greek word “kelos”
means ‘burnt’
 Itself refers to the plant’s brilliant
appe-
-arence and striking flame like
flower
heads.
Botany
 These are half hardy erect herbs upto
90cm in height.
 It has narrow , alternate , entire or lobed
leaves.
 Flowers are small , not individually showy
, borne in spikes or panicles .

Uses :
• Celosia cristata is a common garden ornamental plant.
• Used as cut flower-much vase life.
• Used as pot plant. Dry flower.
• Flower used as one of the major flower of Bathukamma-“festival of
flowers”.
• As leafy vegetable-broad leaf annual known Lagos spinach
C.argentea var argentia.
• Leading leafy vegetable in Nigeria known as “soko yokoto”Means
“makes husband fat and happy” mild spinach taste.
• As a grain (pseudo cereal).
• Used to treat intestinal worms like tape worms,blood diseases,mouth
sores,eye problems.
• Seeds-treat chest problems.
• Flowers-treat diarrhea.

Ornamental in garden-bedding Pot plant

As Dry flower.Cut flowers in vase

One of the major flower used in festival “Bathukamma”
In
Telangana.
which is regarded
as
“Festival of
Flowers”

species
 C.cristata (syn. Celosia argentea var. cristata)
 C.plumose (syn.Celosia argentea var. pyramidalis)
 C.nitida
 C.argentea
 C.palmeri
 C.trigyna
 C.virgata

Classification of varieties:
CRESTED
Red velvet , jewel box,
fire chief , fire glow,
coral garden mixed ,
dwarf empress , dwarf gladiator.

Feathered:
Feather series ,Fire feather,
Flaming fire , Golden forest,
Forest fire , Golden torch,
Scarlet gem etc.

 Grows in wide range of soils ,
survive in well drained soils.
 pH of the soil can be 6 to 7.5 .
 Plants thrive well in fertile soils
with plenty of moisture.

 These are generally grown in the hot and
rainy seasons.
 Sometimes , they my be grown in winter
also.
 They require full sun exposure for
blooming.

 These are generally seed propagated.
 Collect seed head or pod when flowers fade ,
allow to dry.
 Seed production is very high i.e,200-700kg/ha.
 1000 sees can weigh 1.0 to 1.2gms only.
 Seeds are sown in well drained light soil.
 Seed germination takes place in 6to8 days.
Celosia seeds

Done at four leaf stage.
 Spacing:
 Seeds sown in Jan-Feb for summer
flowering or
 May to June for rainy season(mostly in
Telangana).
 30X15cm-for dwarf varieties.
 30X30-for tall varieties.

 Minimum moisture should
be maintained for good
yield.
 Watered regularly in sunny
days.
 Drip system is highly
beneficial.
 Not followed mostly.
 One weeding is beneficial.
In the regions of Telangana it is grown
as intercop with cotton.

Harvesting:
 Dwarf bloom earlier than the tall ones.
 Harvesting is done after blossom
attaining full size.
 Blossom can lasts for 8to10 weeks.
Harvested flowers
Blossoms ready for
Harvesting.

Barleria and celosia crop production technology

Barleria and celosia crop production technology

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