Poaceae
Setaria

Setaria clivalis (Ridl.) Veldkamp

First published in Misc. Pap. Landbouwhoogeschool 19: 317 (1980)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Malesia. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Descriptions

Morphology General Habit
Annual. Culms rambling; weak; 50-150 cm long; rooting from lower nodes. Culm-nodes brown. Lateral branches ample. Leaf-sheaths glabrous on surface, or pilose; outer margin hairy. Ligule a fringe of hairs; 0.5-0.75 mm long. Leaf-blade base without a false petiole, or with a false petiole. Leaf-blades (4-)19-28 cm long; (3-)5-9 mm wide; flaccid. Leaf-blade surface scaberulous; rough on both sides; pilose; hairy on both sides. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open; ovate; 12-38 cm long. Primary panicle branches ascending; sterile at the tips. Panicle branches scaberulous; glabrous, or pilose. Spikelets subtended by an involucre. Fertile spikelets sessile; 1 in the cluster. Involucre composed of bristles. Involucral bristles persistent; 1 per spikelet; 3-14 mm long; flexible; glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong, or ovate; dorsally compressed; plano-convex; 2-2.4 mm long; falling entire.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong, or ovate; dorsally compressed; plano-convex; 2-2.4 mm long; falling entire.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes shorter than spikelet; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume orbicular; clasping; 0.6-0.75 mm long; 0.33 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 3 -veined. Lower glume apex obtuse. Upper glume elliptic; 1.15-1.5 mm long; 0.5-0.66 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 5-7 -veined. Upper glume apex obtuse.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Basal sterile florets barren; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret elliptic; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 5 -veined; sulcate; acute. Fertile lemma elliptic; dorsally compressed; gibbous; 2-2.4 mm long; indurate; without keel. Lemma surface rugulose. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex rostrate. Palea involute; indurate. Palea surface rugose.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3; 1-1.2 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; ovoid; dorsally compressed; plano-convex; 1.75 mm long. Embryo 0.5-0.6 length of caryopsis. Hilum punctiform.
Distribution
Asia-tropical: Malesia.
Reference
Paniceae. Veldkamp 1993.
[GB]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0