Code
ALSLA
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Annual / Vivacious
Habitat
Aquatic
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Alisma major var. lanceolatum (With.) Gray |
| synonym | Alisma plantago-aquatica f. aquaticum Glück |
| synonym | Alisma plantago-aquatica f. lanceolatum (With.) Rchb. |
| synonym | Alisma plantago-aquatica f. pumilum Glück |
| synonym | Alisma plantago-aquatica f. stenophyllum (Asch. & Graebn.) Buchenau |
| synonym | Alisma plantago-aquatica f. terrestris Glück |
| synonym | Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. lanceolatum (With.) Arcang. |
| synonym | Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. stenophyllum (Asch. & Graebn.) Holmb. |
| synonym | Alisma stenophyllum (Asch. & Graebn.) Sam. |
| synonym | Alisma subcordatum var. stenophyllum (Asch. & Graebn.) Lunell |
🗒 Common Names
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📚 Overview
Description
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Global description
Alisma lanceolatum is a large monocotyledonous semi-aquatic species. It is a plant in rosette with rhizomatous stump. The leaves are long petiolate, with lanceolate linear and glabrous blade. The inflorescence is a large pyramidal panicle at the top of a long peduncle. The flowers are arranged in loose whorls, they are small with 3 widely oval petals of pink color.
First leaves
The first leaves are petiolate and slightly rolled longitudinaly. The following ones have a lanceolate linear and glabrous blade.
General habit
Alisma lanceolatum is a semi-aquatic species fixed on the ground, with persistent stump, forming a rosette of long petiolate leaves. With the inflorescence, the plant can measure up to 1m in height.
Underground system
The stump is made up of short tubers of 1 to 2 cm in diameter, from which develop fibrous fasciculated roots and the replacement buds.
Stem
Plant in rosette without developed stem, apart from the peduncle of inflorescence.
Leaf
The leaves are arranged in rosette. They are carried by a petiole from 13 to 25 cm length, cylindrical and fleshy. The blade is fleshy, elliptic lanceolate to linear, from 6 to 13 cm length and 2,5 to 5 cm broad. The base is wedge-shaped and the top is wedge-shaped or acuminate, the margin is entire. Both sides are glabrous, marked by 5 to 7 longitudinal veins.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is a large pyramidal panicle from 15 to 45 cm long, carried by a cylindrical peduncle from 10 to 40 cm long. It comprises 3 to 6 whorls, each one made up of 3 to 6 rays from 3 to 10 cm length, which themselves divide into whorls of pedicellate flowers and/or secondary rays carrying whorls of pedicellate flowers. At the base of each ray or flower pedicel there is an oval to triangular bract, 5 to 17 mm long, with acuminate top.
Flower
The flower measures 1,2 cm in diameter. It is carried by a pedicel from 1,5 to 1,8 cm length. It is made up of a calyx of 3 broadly oval sepals from 1,5 to 3,2 mm long and 1 to 2,5 mm broad with membranous margin and acuminate top and a corolla of 3 broadly oval to suborbicular petals from 4 to 6,5 mm in diameter, clearly larger than the sepals, with irregular margin and wedge-shaped top.They ar quickly caducous. They are light pink to purplish pink in color. The 6 stamens are grouped in pairs and opposite the petals. The filet is of 2 mm and the elliptic anthers are of 1 to 1,2 mm. The carpels are numerous, regular, obtuse ovate with a curved erect style 0.6 to 1 mm long, shorter than or equal to the length of the ovary. They are arranged in a whorl in one row on a flat receptacle.
Fruit
The fruit is an obovoid achene, laterally compressed, of light brown color, 1,6 to 2 mm long, presenting 1 to 2 dorsal grooves and an erect beak from the middle of the ventral suture.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
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Seed emergence of Alisma lanceolatum takes place during most of the rice growing season (in the Camargue - France). However, this species is very sensitive to competition from the crop or other species, as well as to weeding operations: this is why it is less present at the end of the cycle than at rice emergence. In autumn and winter, the rosettes seem to wither, but the replacement buds remain hidden and protected at the base of the rotting petioles. In spring the buds reconstitute the rosette.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Cyclicity
Alisma lanceolata is a vivacious species that can also be annual according to environmental and agricultural conditions. It multiplies vegetatively by replacement buds and short rhizomes to develop new rosettes. It also produces seeds.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
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Look Alikes
In the seedling stage, Alisma lanceolatum can be confused with Heteranthera limosa. Leaves of A. lanceolatum have 3 to 5 thick, widely spaced longitudinal veins and visible, oblique transverse secondary veins, whereas leaves of H. limosa have fine, numerous, close longitudinal veins and inconspicuous, numerous transverse secondary veins running perpendicular to the margin of the blade.
In the adult stage, Alisma lanceolatum and Alisma plantago-aquatica differ in leaf shape and flower colour. The leaf blade of A. lanceolatum is lanceolate elliptical, narrowly wedge-shaped at the base, the flowers are more than 10 mm in diameter, purple-pink and open in the morning. The leaves of A. plantago-aquatica are oval, inverted heart-shaped with a cordate base, the flowers are 6 to 10 mm in diameter and are pinkish white. They open in the afternoon.
Alisma lanceolata can also be confused with Baldellia ranunculoides. B. ranunculoides can be distinguished by the presence of rhizomes, its small size (20-40 cm), its narrowly elliptic leaf with 3 prominant veins, its inflorescence in a single terminal umbel and its carpels arranged in several rows forming a globose head, while Alisma lanceolata has no rhizome, is larger (20-100 cm), has elliptic leaves with 5-7 prominent veins, a large inflorescence in a large pyramidal panicle with multiple umbels, and carpels arranged in a single row.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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Ecology
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Camague - France: Alisma lanceolatum is a bottom-fixed aquatic species. It grows in irrigated rice fields, and on the banks of irrigation canals.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
Description
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Origin
Alisma lanceolatum is native to the Mediterranean basin, Europe and temperate Asia from Ireland to China.
Worldwide distribution
This species has been introduced in the USA (California), South America (Chile), Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Camargue - France: Alisma lanceolatum is a very frequent weed in irrigated rice fields, but with low density in general. It is found in about 14% of the rice fields in the Camargue.This species also develops in the ditches and in edge of the irrigation canals which can be blocked by the multiplication of the colonies of rosettes.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
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No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
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Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- The World Flora Online http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000755439;jsessionid=A35206A465E39FEE7F8C3C4E27DBC8D5
- Flora of China http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=222000006
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1047073-2
- Marnotte, P., Carrara, A., Dominati, E. & Girardot, F. 2006. Plantes des rizières de Camargue. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Centre français du riz, Parc naturel régional de Camargue.
Information Listing > References
- The World Flora Online http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000755439;jsessionid=A35206A465E39FEE7F8C3C4E27DBC8D5
- Flora of China http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=222000006
- Plants of the World Online https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1047073-2
- Marnotte, P., Carrara, A., Dominati, E. & Girardot, F. 2006. Plantes des rizières de Camargue. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Centre français du riz, Parc naturel régional de Camargue.
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Alisma%2520lanceolatum
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Alismatales |
| Family | Alismataceae |
| Genus | Alisma |
| Species | Alisma lanceolatum With. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
