Achillea millefolium (yarrow)
Identity
- Preferred Scientific Name
- Achillea millefolium L.
- Preferred Common Name
- yarrow
- Other Scientific Names
- Achillea albida Willd.
- Achillea ambigua Boiss.
- Achillea angustissima Rydb.
- Achillea arenicola A.Heller
- Achillea bicolor Wender.
- Achillea borealis Bong.
- Achillea californica Pollard
- Achillea ceretanica Sennen
- Achillea compacta Lam.
- Achillea coronopifolia Willd.
- Achillea crassifola Colla
- Achillea cristata hort. ex DC.
- Achillea dentifera Rchb.
- Achillea eradiata Piper
- Achillea fusca Rydb.
- Achillea gigantea Pollard
- Achillea gracilis Raf.
- Achillea haebkeana Tausch
- Achillea intermedia Schleich.
- Achillea lanata Lam.
- Achillea lanulosa Nutt.
- Achillea laxiflora A.Nelson
- Achillea magna Auct.
- Achillea magna L.
- Achillea marginata Turcz. ex Ledeb.
- Achillea megacephala Raup
- Achillea nabelekii Heimeri
- Achillea occidentalis Raf. ex Rydb.
- Achillea ochroleuca Eichw.
- Achillea ossica K.Koch.
- Achillea pacifica Rydb.
- Achillea palmeri Rydb.
- Achillea pectin-veneris Pollard
- Achillea pratensis Saukel and R.Länger
- Achillea pseudo-tanacetifolia Wierzb. ex Rchb.
- Achillea puberula Rydb.
- Achillea pumila Schur
- Achillea rosea Desf.
- Achillea setacea Schwein.
- Achillea sordida (W.D.J.Koch) Dalla Torre and Sarnth.
- Achillea subalpina Greene
- Achillea submillefolium Klokov and Krytzka
- Achillea sylvatica Becker
- Achillea tanacetifolia Mill.
- Achillea tenuis Schur
- Achillea virgata hort. ex DC.
- Achillios millefoliatus St.-Lag.
- Alitubus millefolium (L.) Dulac
- Alitubus tomentosus Dulac
- Chamaemelum millefolium (L.) E.H.L. Krause
- Chamaemelum tanacetifolium (All.) E.H.L.Krause
- International Common Names
- Englishbloodwortcarpenter’s weedcommon yarrowmilfoil
- Spanishfalsa Altamisahierba de las cortadurasmilefóliomilenramamilhojasplumajillo
- Frenchachillée millefeuilleaillefeuilleherbe-à-dinde
- Chineseshi
- Portugueseerva-carpinteiraerva-das-cortadelaserva-de-João-de-Grisleyespuma-do-mareupatório-demésuemacelamacela-de-São-Joãomacela-Francesamilefóliomil-em-ramamilfolhada
- Local Common Names
- Boliviasalvia de virgen
- Cubamilenrama
- Dominican Republicciprés de inviernociprés de Judeaciprés de perlamilfoilperlasereno de invierno
- GermanyGemeine Schafgarbe
- Guatemalaalhucemamil en ramapumajillo
- Haitimil en rama
- Hondurasalhucemamil en ramatalquezal
- Italymillefoglio
- Jamaicamilfoil
- Japanseiyonokogiriso
- Mexicomil en rama
- NetherlandsDuizendblad
- Puerto Ricomilfoilperla
- Swedenroellika
- USAmilfoilnose-bleedplumajillosanguinarysoldier's woundwortthousand leafthousand sealwestern yarrow
- EPPO code
- ACHMI (Achillea millefolium)
Pictures
Flowering habit
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Flowering habit. Oslo, Norway. August 2020.
©Ryan Hodnett/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Flowers
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Flowers. Esmeralda, Nevada, United States. July 2016.
©2016 James D. Morefield (Jim Morefield)/via Flickr - CC BY-SA 2.0
Flowers
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Flowers. Stevenage, England, United Kingdom. August 2012.
©Peter O'Connor (anemoneprojectors)/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 2.0
Flowers
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Flowers. Howard County, Maryland, USA. July 2019.
Public Domain - Released by USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab (taken by Helen Lowe Metzman)/via Flickr
Flowerheads
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Flowerheads. Fort Nottingham Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. December 2019.
©SAplants/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Plant
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Plant. Fort Nottingham Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. December 2019.
©SAplants/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Habit
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Habit. C & O Canal National Historical Park, Montgomery County Maryland, USA. May 2012.
©Fritz Flohr Reynolds (Fritzflohrreynolds)/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 3.0
Flowerhead
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Flowerhead. Janče hill, Slovenia. August 2015.
©Petar Milošević/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Flowerhead
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Flowerhead. Reisdorf, Diekirch, Luxembourg. June 2014.
©Armand Turpel/via Flickr - CC BY 2.0
Foliage
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Foliage. Mount Ibuki, Maibara, Shiga prefecure, Japan. June 2015.
©Alpsdake/via Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Leaves
Achillea millefolium (yarrow); Leaves. Lac de Morgins, Valais, Switzerland. August 2020.
©Krzysztof Golik/Wikimedia Commons - CC BY-SA 4.0
Distribution
Host Plants and Other Plants Affected
| Host | Host status | References |
|---|---|---|
| Triticum aestivum (wheat) | Unknown | Hassannejad and Ghafarbi (2013) Hassannejad et al. (2014) |
Prevention and Control
Physical/Mechanical Control
Rhizomes of A. millefolium are difficult to kill. Bourdot and Field (1988) recommend that the rhizomes be severely fragmented and then buried in the soil at depths of at least 200 mm. Bourdot (1984) also recommends that after burial of the rhizome fragments, one should sow a competitive crop, such as barley. The crop will place A. millefolium at a competitive disadvantage and further reduce its growth.
Cultural Control
Cultural Control
In crop fields in New Zealand, a control approach has been to sow a competing crop to restrict the development of A. millefolium (Kannangara and Field, 1985a). One of the species used is Pisum sativum, which limits the seedling and plant development by reducing the light availability to the soil, and suppressing seedling development by root competition. In New Zealand, Hordeum vulgare (barley) has also been used to control the growth of A. millefollium on crop lands. H. vulgare reduces the growth rate of A. millefolium by reducing seedling and rhizome production because of low irradiance at soil level (Bourdot et al., 1985). Farhad et al. (1999) also report that the addition of nitrogen fertilizer to fields reduces the density of some weeds, A. milleifolium included, due to strong competition by the crop species.
Chemical Control
Due to the variable regulations around (de-)registration of pesticides, we are for the moment not including any specific chemical control recommendations. For further information, we recommend you visit the following resources:
•
EU pesticides database (http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/eu-pesticides-database/)
•
PAN pesticide database (www.pesticideinfo.org)
•
Your national pesticide guide
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © CABI. CABI is a registered EU trademark. This article is published under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
History
Published online: 4 October 2022
Language
English
Authors
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