Taxonomy: Fam. Cyperaceae// Genus: Carex// Species: Carex leporina L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Chater in Tutin et al. (1980) as Carex ovalis Good., Trans. Linn. Soc. London2: 148 (1794). According to The Euro+Med Plantbase (sorce: Jiménez-Mejías & Luceño, 2011+), this taxon is a synonym of Carex leporina L., Sp. Pl.: 973. 1753.
Lifeform: Perrenial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to the Azores, Northwest Africa, Temperate Eurasia, West Canada to West USA according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Edges and clearings of oak and European beech forests.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN.
Carex leporina – habit. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – flowering stems. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – flowering stems. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – stems with leaves. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – stems with leaves. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – ligule. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – ligule. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – leaf sheath. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – stem base with basal sheaths. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – roots. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – habit. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – flowering stems. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – spikes with utricles. Wing of utricle under magnification: a – body of utricle, b – wing. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Carex leporina – stem and leaf sheath. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – ligule. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – plant base and basal sheaths. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – basal sheaths. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – basal sheaths. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – inflorescence. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex leporina – utricles. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Carex L. Chater, A. O. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 290 – 323.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Chater in Tutin et al. (1980).
Lifeform: Perrenial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to the Temperate Northern Hemisphere – Canada and USA, Europe to Iran, East Himalaya, Northeast China to Japan, West Africa; Indonesia – Sumatra; New Guinea; Southeast Australia; New Zealand according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Wet habitats – sphagnum bogs, wet grasslands in the montane/subalpine zone and mountain streams.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN.
Carex echinata – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – flowering stem. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – flowering stem. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with spikes. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – spikes. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – ligule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – stem base. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – basal sheaths. Osogovo – Ponikva, 04.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescences with utricles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with utricles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with utricles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with utricles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with utricles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with utricles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Carex echinata – inflorescence with utricles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Ball in Tutin at al. (1968) and Micevski in Micevski (2005).
Lifeform: Perrenial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from East Central and South Europe to South European Russia and Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Mountain pastures, grasslands and clearings of forests.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Seseli peucedanoides– habit. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– habit. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– habit. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– upper part of stem with umbels. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– umbels. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– partial umbel with flowers. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– partial umbel with flowers. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– partial umbel with flowers. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– ray and bracteoles. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– ray and bracteoles. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– ray and bracteoles. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– bracts and peduncle of umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– bracts and peduncle of umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– bracts and peduncle of umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– cauline leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– middle cauline leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– lower cauline leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– lower cauline leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– leaf petiole. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– habit. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– habit. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– umbels. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– petiole of umbel, bracts, rays and bracteoles. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruiting umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruiting umbel. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruits. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruits. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruits. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruits. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruits. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– fruits. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– cauline leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Seseli peucedanoides– cauline leaf. Osogovo – pastures between Visoka chuka (Ponikva region) and Ratkova skala, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Seseli L. (Incl. Libanotis Hill). Ball, P.W. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1968). Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 334 – 338.
Seseli L. Micevski, K. in Micevski, K. (2005). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 6. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1572-1578.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Werner in Tutin et al. (1976).
Lifeform: Biennial. The first year is characterized with basal rosette formation. Flowering and fruiting occurs in the second year followed by senescence.
Distribution: Native from the Balkan Peninsula to Romania and Turkey according to the distribution information provided by The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Greuter, 2006+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Rocky terrains, clearings of forests, disturbed ground – roadsides.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Ptilostemon afer – habit. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – habit. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – habit. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – habit. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – habit. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – habit. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – upper part of plant with capitula. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – upper part of plant with capitula. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – upper part of plant with capitula. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – capitulum. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – capitulum. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – capitulum. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – florets. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – involucral bracts. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – stem. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – plants in the first year of life cycle (basal rosette stage). Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – plants in the first year of life cycle (basal rosette stage). Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – basal leaves. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – near village of Leshki, 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – achenes. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer – body of achenes. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ptilostemon afer –papus hairs. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Ptilostemon afer. Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/2eefdfac-34a3-42bd-bd46-fb757b71757a [Accessed 30.07.2023].
Taxonomy: Apiaceae// Genus: Angelica// Species: Angelica sylvestris L.
Determined as Angelica pancicii Vandas, SBGW, 449 (1889) according to the botanical keys provided by Matevski in Micevski (2005). In Flora Europaea (Cannon in Tutin at al., 1968) this taxon is included in Angelica sylvestris L., Sp. Pl. 251 (1753). According to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Hand, 2011+) Angelica pancicii Vandas is considered a synonym is Angelica sylvestris L.
Lifeform: Perrenial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution:Angelica sylvestris L. is native from Europe to Siberia and Mongolia according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Wet habitats – along mountain streams.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.
Angelica sylvestris – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – lowering stem with developing umbels. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – umbels. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – umbels. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – bracteoles of partial umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – bracteoles of partial umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – rays of umbel. Bracts absent. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – rays of umbel. Bracts absent. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – developing fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – developing fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – developing fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – uppermost cauline leaves reduced to inflated sheaths. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – uppermost cauline leaves reduced to inflated sheaths. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – stem and upper cauline leaf with inflated sheath. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – lower cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – sheath and petiole of lower cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – basal leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – basal leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – leaf lobes. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – aadxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 29.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 29.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 29.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Angelica sylvestris – fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 29.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Angelica L. (Incl. Archangelica N.M. Wolf, Ostericum Hoffm.). Cannon, J.F.M. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1968). Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 357 – 358.
Angelica L. Matevski, V. in Micevski, K. (2005). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 6. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1620-1622.
Taxonomy: Fam. Rubiaceae// Genus: Galium// Species: Galium palustre L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Ehrendorfer et al. in Tutin et al. (1976).
Distribution: Native to the Azores, Northwest Africa, Europe to Siberia, North America – Greenland to East South Central USA according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Wet habitats – mountain streams and bogs.
Lifeform: Perennial, hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem base and roots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – vegetative shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – leaves of vegetative shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – fruiting inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stems with leaves. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Gallium L. Ehrendorfer, F. (Sect. Platygalium, Trachygalium, Galium, Leiogalium, Jubogalium and Kolgyda in collaboration with Krendl, F.; Sect. Aparinoides in collaboration with Puff., Ch.) in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 14 – 36.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Favarger and Zésiger in Tutin et al. (1964) and Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Distribution: Native to the Balkan Peninsula according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (Marhold, 2011+); Bulgaria according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Rocky terrains in the “Ratkova Skala” region, growing alongside other succulents (Sempervivum marmoreum, Jovibarba heufelii, Sedumstefco, Sedum anuum).
Lifeform: Perennial succulent; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær classification.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – plant size. Scale in mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Glands of petal and filament base. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower size. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower buds. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – sie view of flowers with calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – sie view of flowers with calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – sie view of flowers with calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – upper part of stem and branches of inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – cauline leaves. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – cauline leaves. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – cauline leaves. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – indumentum of stem and cauline leaves. a – glands of stem (stem cross section); b – glands on the adaxial side, c – marginal cilia and d- glands on the abaxial side (cross section of leaf) under magnification. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal leaves of flowering stem. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – size of basal rosettes. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – size of basal rosettes. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – size of basal rosettes. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum –leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette and indumentum. a – glands on the adaxial side, b – marginal cilia and c – glands on the abaxial side (cross section of leaf) under magnification. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence from the previous year with dehisced capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – dehisced capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – dehisced capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Sempervivum L. Favarger, C. and Zésiger, F. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 352 – 355.
Sempervivum L. Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1042 – 1048.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Note: The indumentum of leaves, an important taxonomic trait seems to be variable across the native range and therefore variously described by different authors (Favarger and Zésiger in Tutin et al., 1964; Gajić in Josifović, 1972; Micevski in Micevski, 1998). The populations from Osogovo have persistent indumentum of dense, short glandular hairs on both leaf surfaces and longer and thicker marginal cilia, in accordance with the description provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Distribution: Native to Italy, Balkan Peninsula to Slovakia and Ukraine according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (Marhold, 2011+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Rocky terrains – on rocks in the highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region) at c. 1350 m altitude, growing alongside other succulents (Sempervivum erythraeum, Jovibarba heufelii, Sedumstefco, Sedum anuum).
Lifeform: Perennial succulent; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær classification.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – developing inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – branch of inflorescence with flowers. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – branch of inflorescence with flowers. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower and flower buds. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – side view of calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – side view of calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – upper part of stem and branches of cyme. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – lower leaves of flowering stem. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – adaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – abaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with glandular hairs. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – indumentum of stem and cauline leaves. a- glandular hairs of stem; b- marginal cilia; c – glands on the abaxial side of leaf; d- glands on the adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with Visoka chuka (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – adaxial side of basal leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – adaxial side of basal leaf. a-glands on the adaxial side; b – marginal cilia. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – abaxial side of basal leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – abaxial side of basal leaf and glands under magnification. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes and stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes and stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolon. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolon. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence from the previous year with dehisced capsules. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – dehisced capsules. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes and stolons. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosette. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolons. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower size. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region). Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Sempervivum L. Favarger, C. and Zésiger, F. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 352 – 355.
Sempervivum L. Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1042 – 1048.
Taxonomy: Fam. Amaryllidaceae// Genus: Allium// Species: Allium amethystinum Tausch. The classification is given according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010).
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Stearn in Tutin et al., 1980.
Lifeform: Perennial; Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to the Central and East Mediterranean region – Italy and Balkan Peninsula to Türkiye and Cyprus according to the distribution information provided by The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Clearings and edges of oak and European beech forests – on dry sites. Ratkova Skala region to Ponikva – Visoka chuka (850 m – 1450 m altitude).
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – developing flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – fruiting inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – developing capsules. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stems with leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stems with leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem and leaf sheath. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stems and leaf sheath. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – lower part of stems and bulbs. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – lower part of stems and bulbs. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – lower part of stem and bulb. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – bulb. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – bulb. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescences. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stamens and ovary. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem and leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – leaf width. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – transverse section of leaves. Leaves are fistular. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – transverse and longitudinal section of stem. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – basal part of stem and bulb. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit in fruiting stage. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit in fruiting stage. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence with capsules. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – capsules. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Taxonomy: Fam. Liliaceae// Genus: Lilium// Species: Lilium martagon L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Matthews in Tutin et al., (1980).
Lifeform: Bulbous perennial; Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Southwest and Central Europe to Mongolia and Russian Far East according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Edges of sub montane and montane European beech forests, Pteridium aquilinum fields and mountain pastures, from c. 800 up to 1750 m altitude.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – abaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – abaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pistil and stamens. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pistil and stamens. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pistil and stamens. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pedicel. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pedicels. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower bud. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower bud. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – bracts. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – bracts. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and uppermost leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – upper leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – upper leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – size of flowers. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – size of flowers. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – uppermost leaves. Scale in cm/ mm.Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – leaves. Scale in cm/ mm.Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – leaves. Scale in cm/ mm.Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – plant during stem formation. Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 21.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – plant during stem formation. Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 21.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Lilium L. Matthews, V.A. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 34-35.
