Taxonomy : Fam. Dipsacaceae// Genus: Cephalaria // Species: Cephalaria transsylvanica Roem. & Schult.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Ferguson in Tutin et al.(1976).
Distribution: Native to South Central and South Europe to Caucasus and South European Russia according to The Euro+Med Plantbase (source: Domina, 2017+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Dry grasslands, near orchards and cultivated land, roadsides and other ruderal areas.
Lifeform: Annual, therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Ruderal area near Kochani, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit in habitat. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – developing inflorescence with scales. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – developing inflorescence with scales. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – developing capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – scales of capitulum. a – appressed-pubescent indumentum of scale.; b -cilia of scale. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – lower part of plant. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – lower part of plant. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – lower part of stem. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem base and root. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – scales of flowering capitulum (left) and fruiting capitulum (right). Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – fruits. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – ripe fruits. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Cephalaria Schrader. Ferguson, I. K. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 57 – 58.
Cephalaria transsylvanica . Domina, G. (2017+): Dipsacaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/8cea8384-bd8c-4975-8c95-a7eb3cf88597 [Accessed 19.08.2023].
Cephalaria transsylvanica L. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319196-1 [Accessed 19.08.2023].
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