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Consortial Associations of Phytophagous Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea, Curculionoidea) with Plants on the Unique Sterlitamak Shikhans

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Abstract

This paper summarizes the available data on the host plant associations of beetles of the superfamilies Chrysomeloidea and Curculionoidea on three unique natural objects, relict mountains (shikhans) composed of organogenic limestones and located near Sterlitamak in Bashkortostan. A total of 427 species from 9 families have been recorded on these mountains, this number comprising 35.5% of the total fauna of phytophagous beetles in the foreststeppe of the eastern Russian Plain and the Cis-Urals. In particular, 341 species of phytophagous beetles have been found on Tratau, 281 species on Kushtau, and 276 species on Yuraktau. Trophically specialized beetles (368 species, or 87% of the fauna) were found on 232 plant species from 40 families; of these, 213 monophagous or narrowly oligophagous species were found on 141 plant species from 35 families. Only polyphagous (generalist) herbivores were found on plants of 5 more families. The vast majority (75%) of the oligo- and monophagous beetle species are associated with host plants from 8 families, and half of them (49.7%) are associated with those from 3 families: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Brassicaceae. The beetle complexes associated with some plants on the shikhans are described in detail. The consortia of many rare and relict plants include not only common polyphagous beetles but also specialized herbivores (regional monophages or narrow oligophages), some of them living there in isolated parts of their disjunctive ranges or on the periphery of their distribution. The reviewed data indicate high specificity of the biotic complexes of the shikhans, emphasizing the uniqueness of these natural objects and the need for their preservation.

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Notes

  1. This number does not include over 50 species recorded only in the biotopes adjoining the shikhans: lake shores, the Belaya River banks, humid ravines, floodland meadows, etc.

  2. Ceratapion sp. pr. austriacum may not in fact be monophagous on Centaurea ruthenica, since in petrophytic steppes some specimens were also captured by net-sweeping of C. sibirica L. Besides the specific host plants and biotopes, the newly found species differed from Ceratapion austriacum (Wagner, 1904) in a number of minor morphological details resembling those of the European species C. decolor (Desbrochers, 1875); the latter is known to be distributed as far eastwards as Kursk Province (Wanat, 1995).

  3. Several adults were also collected on Arabis auriculata Lam. in early May (Dedyukhin, 2010).

  4. In addition, the leaf beetles Chrysolina polita (Linnaeus, 1758) and Ch. herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825) and the weevil Datonychus arquata (Herbst, 1795) were recorded on Lycopus europaeus L. along the banks of dead stream branches at the foot of Yuraktau.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are sincerely grateful to A.O. Bieńkowski (A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) and B.A. Korotyaev (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg) for help with identification of beetles, and to A.A. Muldashev (Ufa Institute for Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa) for sharing the recent data on the floristic composition of the shikhans.

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  1. Udmurt State University, 426034, Izhevsk, Russia

    S. V. Dedyukhin

  2. Ufa Institute for Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia

    V. B. Martynenko

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Dedyukhin, S.V., Martynenko, V.B. Consortial Associations of Phytophagous Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea, Curculionoidea) with Plants on the Unique Sterlitamak Shikhans. Entmol. Rev. 100, 473–496 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873820040065

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