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Repellent screening of ethanol extracts from plants of the Yucatan Peninsula against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) and chemical profile of Malpighia glabra L. leaves

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Abstract

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a globally important insect pest, causing extensive damage and losses in horticultural production systems. New natural options are needed to control the whitefly. Ethanol extracts (92) of different organs from 40 plant species of the Yucatan Peninsula were evaluated against B. tabaci in a greenhouse, and an adult repellency index (RI) was determined for leaves and an oviposition deterrence index (ODI) for the extracts. Ethanol extracts at 1% (w/v) after 48 h suppressed the population density of B. tabaci. Leaves of Malpighia glabra L. had the highest repellent activity, causing a decrease in the population density of adults (RI 0.05) and eggs (ODI − 85). Three fractions differing in polarity were obtained by partitioning the ethanol extract of M. glabra, and the hexane fraction had an intermediate RI, but the ODI was not active. LC–UV–HRMS analysis of the fractions showed the presence of syringaresinol, 10-hydroxy-pheophorbide a, pheophorbide a, and lupenone, the first report of these four for this species. Eleven unknown compounds were also detected. This bioprospecting research on botanical extracts from native species of the Yucatan Peninsula enriches our knowledge of potential sources of products for pest management. M. glabra is a promising candidate for further formulation and application studies to control B. tabaci.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Irma L. Medina-Baizabal for her technical support with the plant extracts. MEC thanks CONACYT for a postgraduate student scholarship (No. 997980).

Funding

This research was financially supported by CONACYT project PDCPN-2015-266, Mexico.

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MCE-C helped in conceptualization, experimental data, analysis, and writing original draft; ER-S was involved in conceptualization, supervision, analysis, data curation, and manuscript revision; HSB-G contributed to analysis, manuscript revision; JM; FR helped in LC–UV–HRMS acquisition and analysis, manuscript revision; GM; JLT-M helped in plant material collects and taxonomical identification, manuscript revision; MG-A contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, supervision, funding acquisition, project administration, manuscript revision.

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Correspondence to Esaú Ruiz-Sánchez or Marcela Gamboa-Angulo.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Esquivel-Chi, M.C., Ruiz-Sánchez, E., Ballina-Gómez, H.S. et al. Repellent screening of ethanol extracts from plants of the Yucatan Peninsula against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) and chemical profile of Malpighia glabra L. leaves. J Plant Dis Prot 131, 811–821 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00901-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00901-5

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