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Exogenous supplementation of Sulfur (S) and Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Alleviates Arsenic Toxicity in Shoots of Isatis cappadocica Desv and Erysimum allionii L

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Abstract

The current study was conducted to investigate the role of sulfur (S) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in mitigating arsenic (As) toxicity in Isatis cappadocica and Erysimum allionii. These plants were exposed for 3 weeks to different concentrations (0, 400 and 800 μM) of As to measure fresh weight, total chlorophyll, proline and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, As and S accumulation, and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) along with the supplementation of 20 mg L−1 of S and 500 μM of GSH. Results revealed the significant reduction of fresh weight (especially in E. allionii), activities of POD and GST enzymes and proline content as compare to control. However, the application of S and GSH enhanced the fresh weight. Inhibition in H2O2 accumulation and improvement in antioxidant responses were measured with the application of S and GSH. Hence, the supplementation of S and GSH enhanced fresh weight and total chlorophyll in both I. cappadocica and E. allionii by alleviating the adverse effects of As stress via decreased H2O2 content and restricted As uptake.

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Parvaiz Ahmad (Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India) for the improvement in this paper.

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  1. Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

    Mitra Arianmehr, Naser Karimi & Zahra Souri

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  1. Mitra Arianmehr
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  2. Naser Karimi
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  3. Zahra Souri
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Naser Karimi, designed the experiment, supervised the project and wrote the manuscript. Mitra Arianmehr performed the experiment. Zahra Souri analyzed the data and modified the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Naser Karimi.

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Arianmehr, M., Karimi, N. & Souri, Z. Exogenous supplementation of Sulfur (S) and Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Alleviates Arsenic Toxicity in Shoots of Isatis cappadocica Desv and Erysimum allionii L. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 64205–64214 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19477-4

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