Abstract
The use of silicon (Si) has been shown to be a good alternative to improve the growth and content of photosynthetic pigments of plants propagated in vitro. So far, it is not well understood how the sources and concentrations of Si can affect the root and leaf anatomy as well as the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus of these plants. The aim was to assess the physiological and anatomical responses of Aechmea blanchetiana plants in function of sources and concentrations of Si during in vitro culture. Side shoots of plants previously established in vitro were excised and transferred to a culture medium containing CaSiO3 or Na2SiO3 in four concentrations (0, 7, 14 or 21 µM). After culture for 90 days, the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, root and leaf anatomy, contents of photosynthetic pigments and mineral nutrients as well as growth were analyzed. Plants grown in medium supplemented with Na2SiO3 presented characteristics of salt stress, such as smaller stomata, higher potassium content and lower number of active reaction centers (RC/CSM). On the other hand, plants cultured with 7 and 14 µM CaSiO3 had an increase in photosynthetic pigment content and performance of photosynthetic apparatus, verified by the performance indexes (PI(ABS) and PI(TOTAL)). The employment of concentrations equal to or higher than 21 µM Si, independent of Si source, caused toxicity symptoms in the plants. The use of CaSiO3 had a positive effect on the concentration interval between 7 and 14 µM by improving physiological and anatomical quality of A. blanchetiana plants.
Key message
Silicon source and concentration can affect the physiological responses of Aechmea blanchetiana during in vitro culture. This study highlights that CaSiO3 increases the photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic apparatus performance.
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The authors would like to acknowledge the scholarship awarded by CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) and the FAPES (Espírito Santo State Research Foundation).
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JPRM, LCAR, TSS and ERS conducted experiments. JPRM and LCAR wrote the manuscript and carried out the statistical analysis. ARF and ABPLG provided the structure and conditions to develop the experiments and contributed to the discussion of results. All the authors read and approved the final version of the paper.
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Martins, J.P.R., Rodrigues, L.C.d., Silva, T.d. et al. Sources and concentrations of silicon modulate the physiological and anatomical responses of Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae) during in vitro culture. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 137, 397–410 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01579-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01579-6