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Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of the monotypic Chinese genus Anemoclema (Ranunculaceae)

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Abstract

The phylogenetic relationships of the monotypic Chinese genus Anemoclema (Ranunculaceae) within tribe Anemoneae are unclear and its taxonomic status has long been in dispute. Here we present a molecular analysis to address the problems. Nuclear ITS and plastid atpB-rbcL fragments were analyzed using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods. Within tribe Anemoneae, two strongly supported clades corresponding to subtribes Anemoninae and Clematidinae are recovered. Anemoclema and Clematis s.l. are sister within the Clematidinae and Anemone s.l., a genus previously regarded as closely related to or congeneric with Anemoclema, is alone within Anemoninae clade. Our results demonstrate that Anemoclema is more closely related to Clematis than to Anemone, and thus should be transferred from Anemoninae into Clematidinae. From a morphological perspective and with the intention of maintaining nomenclatural stability we suggest that Anemoclema be recognized as a second genus within Clematidinae.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their invaluable comments on the manuscript. We thank Dr. Chen Ren for much of his help in analyzing molecular data. We also thank Mr. Ce-Hong Li of the Emei Biological Resource Experimental Station, Sichuan Institute of Natural Resources for his help in collecting materials. This work was supported by the Main Direction Program of Knowledge Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-Z-1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China

    Yu Zhang, Hang-Hui Kong & Qin-Er Yang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yu Zhang

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  1. Yu Zhang
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  2. Hang-Hui Kong
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  3. Qin-Er Yang
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Correspondence to Qin-Er Yang.

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Handling editor: Livia Wanntorp.

Appendix: List of taxa included in this study and GenBank accession numbers and authors

Appendix: List of taxa included in this study and GenBank accession numbers and authors

Anemoclema glaucifolium (Franch.) W.T.Wang, KJ819801, KJ819821, Zhongdian, Yunnan, China, Q. E. Yang 3104 IBSC; KJ819802, KJ819822, Lijiang, Yunnan, China, Q. E. Yang 2649 IBSC. Anemone americana (DC.) H.Hara (= Hepatica americana (DC.) Ker Gawl.), AY055386, AY055407, Hoot et al. 2012. A. balliana (Britton) Hoot (= Barneoudia balliana Britton), FJ639900, FJ639864, Hoot et al. 2012. A. bracteata (Harv. ex Zahlbr.) J.C. Manning & Goldblatt (= Knowltonia bracteata Harv. ex Zahlbr.), JF810692, JF810702, Hoot et al. 2012. A. caffra Harv., AY055399, AY055420, Hoot et al. 2012. A. caroliniana Walt., AY055403, AY055423, Hoot et al. 2012. A. crassifolia Hook.f., AY055398, AY055419, Hoot et al. 2012. A. davidii Franch., KJ819811, KJ819831, Emei Shan, Sichuan, China, Y. Zhang 93 IBSC. A. flaccida Fr.Schmidt, AY055391, AY055412, Hoot et al. 2012. A. halleri All. (= Pulsatilla halleri (All.) Willd.), FJ639908, FJ639872, Hoot et al. 2012. A. hepatica L. (= Hepatica nobilis Mill.), FJ639904, FJ639868, Hoot et al. 2012. A. hupehensis Lem., AY055397, AY055418, Hoot et al. 2012. A. integrifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex DC. (= Oreithales integrifolia (DC.) Schltdl.), FJ639906, FJ639870, Hoot et al. 2012. A. knowltonia Burtt Davy (= Knowltonia capensis Huth), JF810693, JF810703, Hoot et al. 2012. A. narcissiflora L., AY055393, AY055414, Hoot et al. 2012. A. obtusiloba D.Don, FJ639886, FJ639850, Hoot et al. 2012. A. occidentalis S.Watson (= Pulsatilla occidentalis (S.Watson) Freyn), AY055400, AY055426, Hoot et al. 2012. A. parviflora Michx., FJ639887, FJ639851, Hoot et al. 2012. A. pavonina Lam., FJ639888, FJ639852, Hoot et al. 2012. A. quinquefolia L., JF810686, JF810696, Hoot et al. 2012. A. richardsonii Hook.f., AY055388, AY055409, Hoot et al. 2012. A. rigida Gay, FJ639890, FJ639854, Meyer et al. 2010. A. rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex DC., AY055396, AY055417, Hoot et al. 2012. A. rupicola Camb., FJ639892, FJ639856, Hoot et al. 2012. A. tenuicaulis Parkin & Sledge, AY055389, AY055410, Hoot et al. 2012. A. virginiana L., FJ639898, FJ639862, Hoot et al. 2012. Clematis afoliata Buchanan, AB120193, AB115443, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. alternata Kitam. & Tamura (= Archiclematis alternata (Kitam. & Tamura) Tamura), AB120190, AB115440, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. akebioides (Maxim.) Veitch, GU732574, GU732493, Xie et al. 2011. C. angustifolia Jacq., AB120199, AB115449, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. brevicaudata DC., GU732583, GU732502, Xie et al. 2011. C. chinensis Osbeck, GU732584, GU732503, Xie et al. 2011. C. crassifolia Benth., AB120194, AB115444, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. delavayi Franch., AB120202, AB115452, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. eichleri Tamura, AB120209, AB115459, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. fasciculiflora Franch., AB120203, AB115453, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. florida Thunb., AB120186, AB115436, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. fusca Turcz., AB120179, AB115429, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. hexapetala Pall., GU732597, GU732516, Xie et al. 2011. C. integrifolia L., GU732599, GU732518, Xie et al. 2011. C. japonica Thunb., AB120187, AB115437, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. lasiandra Maxim., AB120185, AB115435, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. lasiantha Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray., AB120200, AB115450, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. nobilis Nakai, AB120206, AB115456, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. orientalis L., AB120196, AB115446, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. pierotii Miq., AB120191, AB115441, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. pinnata Maxim., GU732616,GU732535, Xie et al. 2011. C. potaninii Maxim., AB120198, AB115448, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. ranunculoides Franch., GU732621, GU732540, Xie et al. 2011. C. stans Sieb. & Zucc., AB120188, AB115438, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. tangutica (Maxim.) Korsh., GU732633, GU732552, Xie et al. 2011. C. tashiroi Maxim., AB120192, AB115442, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. villosa DC. (= Clematopsis scabiosifolia (DC.) Hutch.), AB120211, AB115461, Miikeda et al. 2006. C. vitalba L., AB120207, AB115457, Miikeda et al. 2006. Naravelia laurifolia Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson, AB120208, AB115458, Miikeda et al. 2006. Ranunculus cymbalaria Pursh, AY680196, FJ639873, Meyer et al. 2010. R. ficaria L., AM267275, FJ639874, Pfosser et al. 2011, Meyer et al. 2010. Trautvetteria caroliniensis (Walter) Vail, FJ639909, FJ639875, Meyer et al. 2010.

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Zhang, Y., Kong, HH. & Yang, QE. Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of the monotypic Chinese genus Anemoclema (Ranunculaceae). Plant Syst Evol 301, 1335–1344 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1160-3

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