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Deep divergences in the coffee family and the systematic position of Acranthera

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Acknowledgments

We thank the curators of the herbaria A.A.U., B.R., G.B., K., S., P. and U.P.S. for loan of herbarium material, biomedical technicians Anbar Khodabandeh (Bergius Foundation, Royal Academy of Sciences) and Keyvan Mirbakhsh (Stockholm University, Sweden) for assistance, Jürg Schönenberger (Stockholm University) for suggestions for improvement of SEM investigations, Charlotte Taylor (Missouri Botanical Garden) for sharing unpublished information on Dunnia sinensis, Peter Endress (University of Zürich), Jan-Thomas Johansson, Per-Ola Karis (Stockholm University), Elmar Robbrecht (National Botanic Garden, Belgium) and an anonymous reviewer for valuable suggestions and comments on the text. The study was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council to C.R. and B.B., and from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation to B.B.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland

    Catarina Rydin

  2. Department of Botany, Bergius Foundation, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

    Catarina Rydin, Kent Kainulainen, Sylvain G Razafimandimbison, Jenny E E Smedmark & Birgitta Bremer

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  1. Catarina Rydin
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  2. Kent Kainulainen
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  3. Sylvain G Razafimandimbison
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Correspondence to Catarina Rydin.

Appendix: F amily —R ubiaceae J uss .

Appendix: F amily —R ubiaceae J uss .

Tribe Luculieae Rydin and B. Bremer, tribus nov.

Type: Luculia Sweet

Diagnosis: Arbuscula. Calyx 5-merous, corolla 5-mera, tubo longo vix supra dilatato. Flores heterostyli. Antherae intra tubum subsessiles semiexsertae. Stigmata 2, ovarium 2-loculare, loculis polyspermis. Fructus baccatus, semina minuta.

Description: Small trees or shrubs, opposite phyllotaxis. Stipules deciduous, lanceolate to linear. Flowers large, showy, pentamerous, heterostylous. Stamens inserted in narrow corolla tube, filaments short. Ovary bilocular, fruit baccate, seeds small, numerous.

Genus included: Luculia Sweet

Useful publications: Murray (1990); Bremer et al. (1999).

Tribe Coptosapelteae Bremek. ex S. Darwin, Taxon 25: p. 600, (Darwin 1976), emend. Rydin and B.Bremer

Type: Coptosapelta Kort.

Description: Sparsely branched subshrubs or vines. Flowers usually pentamerous (rarely 4 or 6 parted). Ovary bilocular, fruit a capsule, seeds numerous. Chromosome basic number 10–11, Acranthera x10 (Kiehn 1995), Coptosapelta x11 (Verdcourt 1958; Puangsomlee and Puff 2001).

Note: The new circumscription is based on molecular evidence presented in this paper. Morphological synapomorphies are not known at this point.

Genera included: Coptosapelta Kort., Acranthera Arn. ex Meisn.

Useful publications: Alejandro et al. (2005); Verellen et al. (2004); Puangsomlee and Puff (2001); Bremer et al. (1999); Kiehn (1995); Puff et al. (1995); Bremekamp (1947); Valeton (1923); Rydin et al. (this study).

S ubfamily —R ubioideae V erdc .

Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 28: 280 (1958)

Tribe Colletoecemateae Rydin and B. Bremer, tribus nov.

Type: Colletoecema E.M.A. Petit

Diagnosis: Arbores vel fructices, stipulis integris. Inflorescentiae axillares floribus multis conglomeratis. Flores heterostyli, 5-meri. Calyx cupuliformis, corolla tubiformis, stamina filamentis longis sub sinibus corollae adfixis. Ovarium 2-loculare, ovulo 1. Fructus drupaceus, pyrena 2-loculare, semina albumine satis molli et oleoso, embryo teres.

Description: Small trees or shrubs. Inflorescences axillary, flowers pentamerous, heterostylous. Stamens inserted in corolla tube. Ovary bilocular, one ovule per locule. Embryo long and narrow. Fruit a drupe, pyrenes bilocular.

Genus included: Colletoecema E.M.A. Petit

Useful publications: Petit (1963); Piesschaert et al. (2000a); Robbrecht and Manen (2006); Rydin et al. (2008).

Schizocoleeae Rydin and B. Bremer, tribus nov.

Type: Schizocolea Bremek.

Diagnosis: Arbuscula. Stipulae in vaginam longam et angustam in fimbrias plerumque 8 fissam connatae. Flores in axillis foliorum dispositi. Calyx 5-merous, lobis e basi triangulari-setiformibus, hirsutis. Corolla hypocrateriformis, tubo calycem longitudine multo excedente. Stamina parte dilatata tubi inserta. Ovarium biloculare, loculis septo tenui separatis. Fructus baccatus, monospermus.

Description: Small trees, stipules bordered with fine hairs. Flowers pentamerous, calyx triangular at base. Corolla extends beyond calyx, stamens inserted in corolla tube. Ovary bilocular with thin dissepiments separating the locules. Fruit a berry, one-seeded, surmounted by persistent calyx.

Genus included: Schizocolea Bremek.

Useful publications: Bremekamp (1950); Razafimandimbison et al. (2008); Rydin et al. (2008).

Dunnieae Rydin and B. Bremer, tribus nov.

Type: Dunnia Tutcher

Diagnosis: Frutex. Inflorescentiae terminales, cymosae, floribus multis conglomeratis, bracteis magnis albis circumdatae. Flores 5-meri, calycis lobi minuti, persistentes. Corolla tubiformis, tubo calycem longitudine multo excedente. Fructus capsularis, 2-valvis, valvis 2-partitis. Semina numerosa.

Description: Woody shrubs, stipules pubescent. Inflorescences terminal cymes, surrounded by enlarged, petaloid bracts. Flowers pentamerous, corolla tube extends out of calyx. Stamens inserted in corolla lobe. Pistil distylous. Fruit a capsule, seeds numerous. Diagnosis and description are based on the original publication of Dunnia (Tutcher 1905) and on observations made by C. Taylor (Missouri Botanical Garden, pers. com.).

Genus included: Dunnia Tutcher

Useful publications: Tutcher (1905); Ge et al. (2002); Chiang et al. (2002); Rydin et al. (2008).

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Rydin, C., Kainulainen, K., Razafimandimbison, S.G. et al. Deep divergences in the coffee family and the systematic position of Acranthera . Plant Syst Evol 278, 101–123 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-008-0138-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-008-0138-4

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