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Growth models based on tree-ring data for the Neotropical tree species Calophyllum brasiliense across different Brazilian wetlands: implications for conservation and management

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Site-specific growth modeling based on tree-ring data is demonstrated to be an efficient tool for conservation and sustainable forest management of an economically important tropical tree species, Calophyllum brasiliense.

Abstract

One of the main challenges in the sustained management of natural tropical forests is obtaining reliable data on tree growth, which is prerequisite information for determining harvesting volumes and felling cycles. In this study, we apply growth models based on tree-ring data and allometric equations to estimate site-specific management options for timber resources of the commercial species Calophyllum brasiliense (Calophyllaceae) comparing 16 wetland sites across different Brazilian ecoregions, the Amazon, Cerrado (savannah), Pantanal and Mata Atlântica (Coastal Atlantic Rainforest). By modeling diameter, height, and volume growth parameters, we estimate site-specific minimum logging diameters (MLD) and felling cycles analyzing a total of 341 trees. Between ecoregions, the mean diameter increments varied slightly between 4.3 ± 1.6 mm year−1 in the Amazon region (average of six sites), 4.0 ± 0.8 mm year−1 in the Cerrado and Pantanal (average of seven sites), and 4.5 ± 1.2 mm year−1 in the Mata Atlântica (average of three sites). However, between sites, we observed significant differences in diameter and volume increment rates, resulting in felling cycles varying from 14 to 63 years and MLDs in the range of 35–81 cm. This clearly indicates that forest management practices in Brazil, which generally applies a feeling cycle of 25 years and a diameter-cutting limit of 50 cm cannot guarantee a sustainable timber harvest. Timber resource management of this species requires site-specific criteria and should be restricted at sites with a low wood productivity. Moreover, long-term monitoring of the population structure and dynamics is necessary for a better understanding of the relationship between environmental factors and population dynamics, especially concerning the regeneration processes.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed by the National Amazon Research Institute (INPA)/Max-Planck Project; the working group Ecology, monitoring, and sustainable use of wetlands (MAUA) at the National Amazon Research Institute (INPA), Manaus; the Program of Support for Excellence Centers (PRONEX); the Amazonas State Research Support Foundation (FAPEAM); the Brazilian Research Council (CNPq–Universal No. 479684/2011-1); as well as by the National Institute of Science and Technology for Wetlands (INAU) and the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba-MT. It was also supported by the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras-MG, and the National Office of Forests (ONF)—Brazil, Cotriguaçu-MT. We acknowledge the suggestions of two anonymous reviewers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Climate and Environment, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, 69067-375, Brazil

    Sejana Artiaga Rosa

  2. Forest Sciences Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), C.P. 3037, Lavras, 37200-000, Brazil

    A. C. M. C. Barbosa

  3. National Institute for Science and Technology in Wetlands (INCT-INAU), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, Cuiabá, 78060-900, Brazil

    W. J. Junk & J. Schöngart

  4. Department of Botany and Ecology, Bioscience Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367, Cuiabá, 78060-900, Brazil

    C. Nunes da Cunha

  5. National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Av. André Araújo 1756, Petrópolis, Manaus, 69011-910, Brazil

    Sejana Artiaga Rosa, M. T. F. Piedade & J. Schöngart

  6. Graduate Program in Ecology, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Av. Ephigênio Salles 2239, Adrianópolis, Manaus, 69011-970, Brazil

    A. B. Scabin

  7. Bioscience Institute, Department of Botany, University of São Paulo (USP), Rua do Matão 227, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil

    G. C. T. Ceccantini

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  1. Sejana Artiaga Rosa
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  2. A. C. M. C. Barbosa
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  3. W. J. Junk
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  4. C. Nunes da Cunha
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  5. M. T. F. Piedade
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  7. G. C. T. Ceccantini
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  8. J. Schöngart
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Correspondence to Sejana Artiaga Rosa.

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Funding

This work was supported by the CNPq—National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development, Projeto Universal number 479684/2011-1 and the FAPEAM—Research Support Foundation of Amazon State, Programa de Apoio a Núcleos de Excelência (PRONEX-FAPEAM), Number 016/2006.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Communicated by G. Piovesan.

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Rosa, S.A., Barbosa, A.C.M.C., Junk, W.J. et al. Growth models based on tree-ring data for the Neotropical tree species Calophyllum brasiliense across different Brazilian wetlands: implications for conservation and management. Trees 31, 729–742 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1503-5

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