Abstract
The primary objective of the current investigation was the biosynthesis of Phy-AgNPs by the endophytic fungus Phyllosticta owaniana (extracted from Abrus precatorius) and the evaluation of the secondary metabolites from the ethyl acetate extract of P. owaniana cultivated by submerged fermentation. Utilizing bioanalytical strategies, Phy-AgNPs were characterized. The UV–visible spectrophotometer analysis revealed an absorption spectrum with a peak at 420 nm, thus validating the Phy-AgNPs synthesis. The FTIR analysis revealed peaks correlating to various potential functional groups, suggesting that Phy-AgNPs have been reduced and capped. SEM-EDAX and HR-TEM analyses demonstrated the spherical shape of Phy-AgNPs, and the 3 keV EDAX analysis confirmed the existence of silver atoms. XRD analyses showed the Phy-AgNPs crystalline structure. The size and the stability of synthesized Phy-AgNPs (65.81 nm) were measured by DLS and Zeta potential studies. While the ethyl acetate extract was analyzed with GC–MS and FTIR for secondary metabolites. The synthesized Phy-AgNPs showed effective antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.1 ± 0.17 mm, 10 mg/mL), while the antifungal activity of Phy-AgNPs inhibited the growth of Candida albicans extremely efficiently (12.16 ± 0.28 mm, 10 mg/mL). Phy-AgNPs were evaluated for a variety of biomedical properties in which they showed significant activity. In a cell viability assay using the MTT assay, Phy-AgNPs exhibited a cytotoxic impact of up to 30.67% and 34.53% when 200 µg/mL were detected. In both in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory examinations, nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory effect. These findings support the pharmaceutical and biomedical properties of the synthesized Phy-AgNPs.
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Acknowledgements
The authors appreciate the lab facilities provided by the Department of Microbiology at Kuvempu University, Karnataka, India, for providing laboratory facilities to conduct this research work and also thank Kuvempu University for financial support to carry out the research work. IADFAC Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore, India, for providing facilities to perform GC–MS analysis; Head Center for Nanotechnology, University Agriculture Sciences (UAS), Raichur, Karnataka, India, for providing facilities to perform particle size analysis by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential; Department of Applied Sciences (Nanotechnology), Visvesvaraya Technological University, Bengaluru Region, Muddenahalli, Chikkaballapur, Karnataka, India; and Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF) Karnatak University Dharwad, Karnataka, India, for providing facilities to perform FTIR,SEM- EDAX, and XRD; Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, for providing facilities to perform HR-TEM; Averin Biotech Labs, Bangalore, India., for providing facilities to perform the MTT assay.
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Manjunatha, D., Megha, G.T., Nagaraju, S. et al. Eco-friendly synthesized silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus Phyllosticta owaniana: KUMBMDBT-32 and evaluation of biomedical properties. Arch Microbiol 205, 217 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03549-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03549-1