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Blütenbiologische Untersuchungen an der Gaterslebener Wildgersten-Kollektion (Hordeum L. subgenusHordeum)

Studies of pollination ecology in the Gatersleben collection of wild barleys (Hordeum L. subgenusHordeum)

Исследования по биологии цветения в Гатерслебенской коллекции дикорастущих ячменей (Hordeum L. subgen.Hordeum)

  • Das Institut Im Jahre 1983
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

In den Jahren 1980 bis 1983 wurde eine Kollektion von Wildgersten (Hordeum L. subgen.Hordeum) blütenbiologisch untersucht. Antherenlänge, -breite und Stigmatalänge wurden in die Untersuchungen einbezogen. Die Variabilität dieser Merkmale ist sehr hoch. Besonders ausgeprägt ist ihre Witterungsabhängigkeit. Im Durchschnitt der zahlreichen untersuchten Sippen über die vier Versuchsjahre lassen sich aber bestäubungsökologische Tendenzen ableiten, besonders unter Verwendung des Merkmals Antherenlänge. Die längsten Antheren hatHordeum spontaneum, aber auchH. agriocrithon zeichnet sich durch relativ lange Antheren aus. Dagegen sind die Antheren vonH. × lagunculiforme relativ kurz. Diese Sippe wird als Introgressionsprodukt von Kulturgersten inH. spontaneum betrachtet.

Wildgersten-Sippen mit langen Antheren besitzen eine erhöhte Neigung zur Allogamie. Sie stellen ein Problem für die sippenechte Reproduktion in der Genbank dar. Für den Vermehrungsanbau ist ihre Isolation erforderlich.

Summary

A collection of wild barleys (Hordeum L. subgen.Hordeum) has been studied from 1980 to 1983 in respect to pollination ecology. The characters analyzed were anther length, anther width and stigmata length. The variability of these characters is rather high. Their expression is largely dependent on weather conditions. conditions. The considerable amount of the races tested during the 4 years allowes to demonstrate some tendencies especially when using the anther length. The longest anthers can be found inHordeum spontaneum, but also in some races ofH. agriocrithon. Compared to them the anthers ofH. × lagunculiforme are relatively short. This race is considered as a product of introgression from cultivated barleys intoH. spontaneum.

Races of wild barley with long anthers show an increased tendency to allogamy. Therefore, the expected rates of outcrossing are a problem for the reproduction of this material in the gene bank. For their propagation isolation is required.

Краткое содержание

С 1980 по 1983 гг. изучалась биология цветения дикорастущих ячменей (Hordeum L. subgen.Hordeum). Учитывались длина и ширина пыльников и длина рылец. Эти призали показали очень высокую изменчивость. Особенно ярко выражена зависимость от погодных условий. Однако, в среднем, во время четырёхлетних наблюдений многочисленных форм, можно было заметить ¶rt;кологические тенденции опыления, главным образом по признаку длины пыльников. Самые длинные пыльники имеетH. spontaneum, но иH. agriocrithon выделяется относительно длинными пыльниками. ПыльникиH. × lagunculiforme, напротив, оказались относительно короткими. Эта, последняя, форма рассматривается как продукт интрогрессии культурных ячменей вH. spontaneum.

Дикорастущие формы с длинными пыльниками обладают повышенной склонностью к аллогамии. Получение подлинных форм при репродукции в генном банке оказывается проблематичным. Размножая ¶rt;ти формы, их следует изолировать.

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  1. Zentralinstitut für Genetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Corrensstr. 3, 4325, Gatersleben, DDR

    Karl Hammer

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Hammer, K. Blütenbiologische Untersuchungen an der Gaterslebener Wildgersten-Kollektion (Hordeum L. subgenusHordeum). Die Kulturpflanze 32, 79–88 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02002071

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