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Genomic Designing for Nutraceuticals in Brassica juncea: Advances and Future Prospects

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Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals

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Abstract

Mustard (Brassica juncea) is an important crop of the Indian subcontinent and has been used as oilseed and as a condiment for a long time. Its importance as a nutraceutical crop is growing rapidly as it is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have long been associated with cardioprotective activities, while mustard extract has been reported to harbor anticancerous properties. Mustard leaves and oil cake that is left after oil extraction are also excellent sources of antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins. However, mustard oil also contains glucosinolates and erucic acid in large amounts that are considered antinutritional as they have been implicated in goiter and cardiac lesions. The major objectives for the mustard breeding programs across the world therefore focus on enhancing the nutritional and functional properties with a concomitant overall increase in the seed oil percentage. As the nutraceutical properties of mustard are being recognized and are supported by many research studies based on QTL mapping, GWAS, genomic selection, etc., the breeding programs now also include the traits with potential nutraceutical applications. However, limited germplasm lines with high therapeutic values, genetic bottleneck due to continuous selection for oil and yield, along with a low preference for varieties with possible nutraceutical applications by farmers, are some of the major hurdles in the development of mustard varieties with high nutritional and pharmaceutical values. Modern technologies like high-throughput genotyping, sequencing, and genome editing through the novel CRISPAR/CAS9 system hold a great promise in overcoming these impediments to achieving the targets of genetic improvement of nutraceutical properties of B. juncea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India

    Aakanksha & Shikha Mathur

  2. International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

    Bal Govind Yadav

  3. Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India

    Satish Kumar Yadava

  4. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    Nirala Ramchiary

Authors
  1. Aakanksha
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  2. Bal Govind Yadav
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  3. Shikha Mathur
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  4. Satish Kumar Yadava
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  5. Nirala Ramchiary
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Satish Kumar Yadava or Nirala Ramchiary .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Prof. Chittaranjan Kole Foundation for Science and Society, Kolkata, India

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Aakanksha, Yadav, B.G., Mathur, S., Yadava, S.K., Ramchiary, N. (2023). Genomic Designing for Nutraceuticals in Brassica juncea: Advances and Future Prospects. In: Kole, C. (eds) Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4169-6_16

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