Fig 1.
Partial karyotype of sunbittern (Eurypyga helias), 2n = 80, in conventional staining.
Fig 2.
Representative FISH experiments with probes of G. gallus (A-C) and L.albicollis (D-F) in metaphases of Eurypyga helias, labeled by biotin (red) or fluorescein (green).
Chromosome probes are indicated in the left bottom of each figure.
Fig 3.
Schematic representation of homologous chromosome segments between G. gallus and L.albicollis in H. helias, detected by fluorescent in situ abhybridization (FISH).
Fig 4.
Schematic representation of rearrangements involving pairs EHE1 and 8, based on the results of chromosome painting using probes of L.albicollis from the regions of GGA 2 and 5.
Table 1.
Comparison and morphological classification of macrochromosome pairs of 15 species belonging to five families of Gruiformes.
Based on chromosome morphology, these species can be divided in five different groups, indicated by letters A-E (A = 1,2,4–6 biarmed and remaining acrocentric; B = 1–10 biarmed; C = 1,4,7 biarmed and remaining acrocentric,telocentric; D = 1–6 biarmed and remaining telocentric and E = 1 biarmed and remaining acrocentric). Gropus A-D show a higher number of biarmed macrochromosomes, while group E shows a higher number of acrocentric macrochromosomes.
Table 2.
Correspondence between syntenic groups of Gruiformes species—Gallinula chloropus (GCH), Fulica atra (FAT), and Eurypyga helias (EHE)—and Gallus gallus (GGA) and the putative ancestral avian karyotype (PAK): Gallinula chloropus (GCH), according to Nanda et al. [20], Griffin et al. [23], and this study
Fig 5.
Schematic representation of chromosome rearrangements during the evolution of the Gruiformes based on conventional staining and FISH results [21, 23, 25–27, 37] using a molecular phylogeny constructed from the sequencing of nuclear genes [15].
Data concerning Psophia viridis (Psophiidae) were based on unpublished results. We propose that the fissions in PAK 1 and 2 were found in the common ancestor of Eurypyga helias and Rhynochetos jubatus, but not in the "core Gruiformes" ancestor. (Legend: M, metacentric; A, acrocentric; SM, submetacentric;T, telocentric; PAK, putative ancestral avian karyotype; c, pair not described).