Macrognathus pancalus Hamilton, 1822

🗒 Synonyms

synonym	Mastacembelus panaculas (Hamilton, 1822)
synonym	Mastacembelus pancala Hamilton, 1822
synonym	Mastacembelus pancalus (Hamilton, 1822)
synonym	Mastacembelus punctatus Cuvier, 1832

🗒 Common Names

Assamese	Pankal Tora Tura Turi
English	Barred spiny eel Indian mastacembelid eel Indian spinyeel Striped spinyeel. Striped Spinyeel Striped Spiny Eel White-spotted Spiny Eel
Kannada	Havumeenu
Marathi	Vam Vambat
Tamil	Aral ஆரால்

📚 Overview

Overview

Summary

Brief

Freshwater, Brackish, Fishery, Threatened

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Diagnostic

Diagnostic Keys

Description

Reffered to as spiny eels because of the presence of spines along their back.

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

SubSpecies Varieties Races

Diagnostic Keys

Description

No Data

📚 Nomenclature and Classification

Nomenclature and Classification

Taxon Record Name

References

Type Information

No Data

📚 Natural History

Shows dioecism

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

length can vary from 12 to 18 cms

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Maturity

10 TL

Max Length

25 (unsexed)

Size

18.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; )

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Menon, A.G.K. 1999 Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Misc. Publ., Occas. Pap. No. 175, 366 p.

Growth

Morphology

Presence of spines on the dorsal side. Males are shorter than females. It has a long slender body used to bury in the ground or limestone rocks.

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Inhabits slow and shallow waters of rivers of plains and estuaries; never available above an altitude of 366 m. Also found in canals, streams, beels, ponds and inundated fields . Feeds mainly on aquatic insects, crustaceans, annelids, small forage fish. Feeding intensity was high in early maturity and post spawning stages . Adults consumed more food in autumn than in winter and rainy season .

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Camallanus Infection,Parasitic infections, macrolecithus disease

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial ; Camallanus Infection 7. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Macrolecithus Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ;

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232p. $ Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. $

Miscellaneous Details

No Data

📚 Habitat and Distribution

Habitat and Distribution

General Habitat

Habitat

Freshwater

Rivers of plains and wetlands

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Found in slow and shallow waters like lakes, ponds, estuaries. Not found at an elevation greater then 366 metres. Found in freshwater, benthopelagic, brackish waters.. Choto Jamuna, Krishna river basin, Chilika lake/lagoon

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Habitat benthopelagic; freshwater; brackish

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Distribution

Description

Global Distribution

Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan,india

Local Distribution

Throughout India, Assam (Brahmaputra and Barak drainages)

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Global Distribution

Found in Asia: Pakistan, India,Bangladesh

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Remark

Known from Peninsular India and North Bengal

Occurrence

native

Distribution

Asia: Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. Reported from Nepal .

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.

Endemic Distribution

No Data

📚 Occurrence

Occurrence

No Data

📚 Demography and Conservation

Demography and Conservation

IUCN Red List Category

Least Concern

IUCN Redlist Category: Least Concern

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Red list Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 1.3

Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.

Attributions	Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Prasad Tonde for the Assam Biodiversity Portal Project.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Not Evaluated IUCN 2006

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.

Threats

Legislation

Protection Legal Status

No Data

📚 Uses and Management

Uses and Management

Uses

fisheries: minor commercial

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=10147, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.

Folklore

Management

No Data

📚 Information Listing

Information Listing

Species Resources

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)

Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

References

https://indiabiodiversity. org/species/show/232744
http://www. fishbase. org/summary/10147
http://www. iucnredlist. org/details/summary/166542/0
http://eol. org/pages/218296/details#habitat

Natural History > Size

Menon, A.G.K. 1999 Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Misc. Publ., Occas. Pap. No. 175, 366 p.

Natural History > Diseases

Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232p. $
Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. $

Habitat and Distribution > Distribution > Description

Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.

Demography and Conservation > Conservation Status

2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.

Uses and Management > Uses

Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.

Information Listing > References

https://indiabiodiversity. org/species/show/232744
http://www. fishbase. org/summary/10147
http://www. iucnredlist. org/details/summary/166542/0
http://eol. org/pages/218296/details#habitat

Fish fauna of Nandur-Madhmeshwar wetland, Maharashtra, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

A Survey on the Fish Diversity with Special Referen ce to the Classified Ornamental Fishes and their Prospects in the Kapla Beel of Barpeta District.

Mayur Bawri

Fish Diversity and Fishing Gears used in the Kulsi River of Assam, India

Mayur Bawri

Ornamental fish Diversity across Brahmaputra Valley of Assam

Mayur Bawri

FISH DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION ASPECTS IN AN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM IN NORTHEASTERN INDIA

Mayur Bawri

A STUDY ON ICHTHYO - DIVERSITY OF JIA BHARALI RIVER, ASSAM, INDIA

Mayur Bawri

Faunal diversity of Satara District, Maharashtra, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Indigenous ornamental freshwater ichthyofauna of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India: status and prospects

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Ichthyofaunal diversity of the Adyar Wetland complex, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, southern India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Comparative account on icthyofauna of Pocharam and Wyra lakes of Andhra Pradesh, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Species persistence: a re-look at the freshwater fish fauna of Chennai, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

A note on the ichthyofauna of Solapur District, with first report of a cyprinid fish Rasbora caverii (Jerdon) from Maharashtra State, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

A priliminary report on the ichthyofauna of Yedayanthittu Estuary (Tamil Nadu, India) and rivulets draining into it

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Images

No Data

📚 Meta data

Meta data

No Data

🐾 Taxonomy

Root	Root
Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Chordata
Class	Actinopterygii
Order	Synbranchiformes
Family	Mastacembelidae
Genus	Macrognathus
Species	Macrognathus pancalus Hamilton 1822

📊 Temporal Distribution

📷 Related Observations

👥 Groups

India Biodiversity Portal

Assam Biodiversity Portal