Rotheca species are trees, erect or rambling shrubs, undershrubs with foetid. Branches terete, quadrangular, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves simple, decussate-opposite or whorled in 3’s, petiolate or sessile, exstipulate. Inflorescence axillary cyme, terminal thyrse or rarely corymb. Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic, calyx campanulate rarely tubular 5 lobed, rarely 2-4 lobed, accrescent in fruit, corolla hypocrateriform, subactinomorphic, 5 unequal lobed, stamens 4, didynamous to subequal, exserted, filaments filiform, anthers versatile, 2 loculed, ovary bicarpellary, 4 lobed, 4 loculed, style filiform, stigma shortly 2-fid, Fruit drupaceous with 4 pyrenes, seeds pyrenes, nonendospermous. Until recently many authors followed Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon, instead of Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb., because of strong molecular evidence (Steane et al. 1997, 1999). The two genera also differ in their iridoid compounds.
Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb.
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Clerodendrum bracteosum Kostel. |
synonym | Clerodendrum cuneatum Turcz. |
synonym | Clerodendrum divaricatum Jack |
synonym | Clerodendrum grandifolium Salisb. |
synonym | Clerodendrum herbaceum Roxb. ex Schauer |
synonym | Clerodendrum javanicum Walp., nom. illeg. |
synonym | Clerodendrum macrophyllum Sims |
synonym | Clerodendrum ornatum Wall., nom. nud. |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum f. lacteum Moldenke |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. amplexifolium Moldenke |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. glabrescens Moldenke |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. herbaceum (Roxb. ex Schauer) C.Y.Wu |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. nepalense Moldenke |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. obovatum Moldenke |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. pilosum Moldenke |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. velutinum Moldenke |
synonym | Clerodendrum serratum var. wallichii C.B.Clarke |
synonym | Clerodendrum ternifolium D.Don, nom. illeg. |
synonym | Clerodendrum trifoliatum Steud. |
synonym | Cyclonema serratum (L.) Hochst. |
synonym | Ovieda bracteosa (Kostel.) Baill. |
synonym | Rotheca bicolor Raf. |
synonym | Rotheca ternifolia Raf. |
synonym | Volkameria herbacea Roxb., nom. inval. |
synonym | Volkameria serrata L. |
🗒 Common Names
Assamese |
|
English |
|
Gujarati |
|
Hin |
|
Hindi |
|
Kannada |
|
Konkani |
|
Manipuri |
|
Marathi |
|
Other |
|
Punj |
|
Sanskrit |
|
Tamil |
|
Telugu |
|
📚 Overview
Summary
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
References
Novon 8(2): 206. 1998
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Natural History
Reproduction
Rotheca species flowers are complete, bisexual, i.e., with functional male (androecium) and female (gynoecium), including stamens, carpels and ovary. Pollination is entomophilous i.e., by insects. Flowering/Fruiting: Almost throughout the year.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Dispersal
Seeds dispersed by zoochory i.e., dispersal by birds and animals, anthropochory i.e., dispersal by humans.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Morphology
A shrub about 3-8 ft tall. Bark grayish brown. Branches obtusely quadrangular, stout, densely pubescent, glabrous when mature. Leaves simple, opposite or whorled in 3’s, lanceolate, ovate-oblanceolate, 6-34 x 2-10 cm across, base cuneate, margins serrate, apex shallow acuminate or acute, chartaceous, green, slightly pubescent above and slightly paler slightly pubescent, beneath, lateral veins 5-8 on either side of the midvein, ascending, margins arcuate, veins impressed above and prominent beneath, petiole very small or sessile. Inflorescence terminal thyrses, composing of 8-12 decussate-opposite cymes, about 10-30 cm long, peduncle reddish, pubescent, about 2-3 cm long, bracts lanceolate-ovate, margins serrate, apex acute, bractlets linear lanceolate. Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic, pedicel reddish, about 0.3-0.5 cm long, pubescent, calyx cupular, 5 toothed, teeth shallow, mucronate tip, apex portion reddish, lower cup portion greenish, margins ciliate, pubescent, corolla hypocrateriform, 5 lobed, lobes subequal, 4 upper opposite lobes light blue, lower lobe light blue with violet tinge, lobes oblanceolate, apex truncate, corolla tube glabrous, about 1 cm long, stamens 4, didynamous to subequal, exserted, filaments filiform, light blue, about 2.5 cm long, anthers, lanceolate, bilobed, brown, ovary bicarpellary, obovoid, 4 lobed, 4 loculed, dark purple, style filiform slightly longer than stamens, stigma shortly 2-fid, Fruit drupaceous, glabrous, succulent, about 1 cm in diameter, dark purplish when ripe with 1-4 pyrenes, seeds pyrenes.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Diseases
Susceptible to insect pests.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Moist deciduous forests, thickets, roadsides at an altitude of about 2500-3500 ft.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Description
Local Distribution: Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.
Global Distribution: Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Oceanic Islands: Mauritius; Africa: Madagascar; Australasia.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Global Distribution
India: Assam, Mahrastra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha
Local Distribution
Throughout Assam
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Trends
Uncommon
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Used as an ayurvedic medicine against intermittent fever, bronchial asthma, hiccup, worm infestations, burning sensation, diseases of head and abdomen. Roots used in rheumatism and dyspepsia. Clinically used as anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-rheumatic, anti-hypertensive, anti-cancer and anti-syphilis.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)
Not evaluated (IUCN).
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., UAS & ATREE, Bangalore, India. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
References
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50120604 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Rotheca+serrata&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-180004 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=941100&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dVolkameria%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Flora of China, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2013]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200019345 ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 589. ;Kanjilal, U. N., (1939) Flora of Assam. Printed at Omsons Publications, New Delhi Vol. 3: 485. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 139. ;Yoganarasimhan, S. N. (2000) Medicinal Plants of India. Printed by V. Srinivasan and N. Kosal Ram of Cyber Media, Bangalore. Vol. 2: 139. ;Mukesh Kr. Singh, Gaurav Khare, Shiv Kr. Iyer, Gotmi Sharwan and D. K. Tripathi, Clerodendrum serratum: A clinical approach. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2(2): 11-15. 2012. URL: http://japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/371_pdf.pdf ;ENVIS Centre for Medicinal Plants. URL: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=585&parname=0 ;List of Fact Sheets. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL: http://www.kew.org/herbarium/keys/lamiales/key/Interactive%20key%20to%20the%20genera%20of%20Lamiaceae/Media/Html/Rotheca_Raf.htm ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 30 June 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50120604 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Rotheca+serrata&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-180004 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=941100&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dVolkameria%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Flora of China, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2013]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200019345 ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 589. ;Kanjilal, U. N., (1939) Flora of Assam. Printed at Omsons Publications, New Delhi Vol. 3: 485. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 139. ;Yoganarasimhan, S. N. (2000) Medicinal Plants of India. Printed by V. Srinivasan and N. Kosal Ram of Cyber Media, Bangalore. Vol. 2: 139. ;Mukesh Kr. Singh, Gaurav Khare, Shiv Kr. Iyer, Gotmi Sharwan and D. K. Tripathi, Clerodendrum serratum: A clinical approach. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2(2): 11-15. 2012. URL: http://japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/371_pdf.pdf ;ENVIS Centre for Medicinal Plants. URL: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=585&parname=0 ;List of Fact Sheets. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL: http://www.kew.org/herbarium/keys/lamiales/key/Interactive%20key%20to%20the%20genera%20of%20Lamiaceae/Media/Html/Rotheca_Raf.htm ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 30 June 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
Information Listing > References
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50120604 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Rotheca+serrata&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-180004 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=941100&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dVolkameria%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Flora of China, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2013]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200019345 ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 589. ;Kanjilal, U. N., (1939) Flora of Assam. Printed at Omsons Publications, New Delhi Vol. 3: 485. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 139. ;Yoganarasimhan, S. N. (2000) Medicinal Plants of India. Printed by V. Srinivasan and N. Kosal Ram of Cyber Media, Bangalore. Vol. 2: 139. ;Mukesh Kr. Singh, Gaurav Khare, Shiv Kr. Iyer, Gotmi Sharwan and D. K. Tripathi, Clerodendrum serratum: A clinical approach. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2(2): 11-15. 2012. URL: http://japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/371_pdf.pdf ;ENVIS Centre for Medicinal Plants. URL: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=585&parname=0 ;List of Fact Sheets. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL: http://www.kew.org/herbarium/keys/lamiales/key/Interactive%20key%20to%20the%20genera%20of%20Lamiaceae/Media/Html/Rotheca_Raf.htm ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 30 June 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50120604 ;The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Rotheca+serrata&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html ;The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-180004 ;Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=941100&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dVolkameria%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith ;Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. ;Flora of China, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2013]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200019345 ;Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. ;Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. ;Hooker, J. D., (1885) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 4: 589. ;Kanjilal, U. N., (1939) Flora of Assam. Printed at Omsons Publications, New Delhi Vol. 3: 485. ;Rajendran, A. & Daniel, P. (2002) The Indian Verbenaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 139. ;Yoganarasimhan, S. N. (2000) Medicinal Plants of India. Printed by V. Srinivasan and N. Kosal Ram of Cyber Media, Bangalore. Vol. 2: 139. ;Mukesh Kr. Singh, Gaurav Khare, Shiv Kr. Iyer, Gotmi Sharwan and D. K. Tripathi, Clerodendrum serratum: A clinical approach. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2(2): 11-15. 2012. URL: http://japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/371_pdf.pdf ;ENVIS Centre for Medicinal Plants. URL: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=585&parname=0 ;List of Fact Sheets. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL: http://www.kew.org/herbarium/keys/lamiales/key/Interactive%20key%20to%20the%20genera%20of%20Lamiaceae/Media/Html/Rotheca_Raf.htm ;Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2012. ;IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. . Downloaded on 30 June 2013. ;Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400 ;
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Magnoliopsida |
Order | Lamiales |
Family | Lamiaceae |
Genus | Rotheca |
Species | Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations