Malaysian species of the genus and a survey of their arrangement as accepted. greatly indebted to the Directors of the Herbaria who granted

Transcription

1 Florae Malesianae Precursores X Notes on Malaysian and some S E Asian Cyperaceae III by JH Kern (Flora Malesiana, Leiden) (Issued 31 XII 1955) This third paper on Malaysian Cyperaceae chiefly discusses new and otherwise noteworthy species of Fimbristylis In addition a key to the Malaysian species of the genus and a survey of their arrangement as accepted for the Flora Malesiana are given A few new species are described from Siam and Indo-China I am greatly indebted to the Directors of the Herbaria who granted me the opportunity to study the collections of their institutions I NOTES ON FIMBRISTYLIS 1 Fimbristylis thomsonii Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 37; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 127 Pen 5, 1925, 158, quoad specim P Rawei asperrima (non Boeck) Ridl, Fl Mai For the Malaysian area this species has only been recorded from the Philippines (Palawan) It occurs also in North and Central Sumatra and in the Malay Peninsula Apparently it is everywhere very rare SUMATRA N Sumatra, Karo Plateau, grassy wilderness on E Siosar, m: Lorzing 8597 (BO, L) ; Mt Piso-Piso, M of Toba-Lake, swampy to moist grassy localities, 1400 m: Lorzing 8389 (BO) ; W Ratuhuda, hilly country, moist grassy field, 1200 m: Lorzing 8038; Bosar Si Pinggan to Bangun Dolok, A-sahan: Ilnm-cl 1196 (NY) Central Sumatra, Mt Sago, 1080 m: Biimnemeijer 3715 (BO) MALAY PENINSULA K e d a h, Rawei Island: Bidley (BM, K, SING) PHILIPPINES PALAWAN, Taytay, on dry open slopes bordering thickets: Merrill 9350 (BM, BO, K, L, NY, P, SING) Luzon, Bontoc Subprov: Vamoverbergh BS 1183 (P; the same number in Fl is complanata) A specimen "Route to Merapi": Horsfield sn (SING) was collected in Central Java, or possibly in S Sumatra (Palembang Highlands) It was referred to as fusca Benth by Ridley in J As Soc Str Br 59, 1911, Fimbristylis consanguinea Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 228; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 113 kraussiana Hoohst ex Krauss, Flora 28, 1845, 757, pro synon (nom inval); Hook f in Trimen, Handb Fl Ceylon 5, 1900, 63; Chermezon, Fl Madag, fam , 1937, con- ') I in Reinwardtia 2, 1952, pp 97130; II in Reinwardtia III, 1954, pp 2766

2 J H KEEN : Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaceae F nectens Thwaites, En PL Zeyl 1864, 349 complanata var kraussiana (Krauss) C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893,, 646 horsfieldii C B Clarke, Kew Bull Add Ser 8, 1908, 25 paupercula (non Boeck) Kiik, Candollea 6, 1936, 426 monticola (non Steud) Backer, Bekn Fl Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, 25 As far as known consanguinea extends from S Africa and Madagascar through India and Ceylon to Malaysia (W E Java) In the herbaria it has often been confounded with the closely allied complanata (Retz) Link, from which it can easily be given in the key on p 152 distinguished by the characters It occurs in swamps, swinging bogs, on margins of lakes between 1600 and 2300 m None of the other Malaysian species of Fimbristylis reaches this altitude In Ceylon consanguinea occurs also in the montane zone above 1200 m, in Madagascar it ascends to 1600 m The name kraussiana Hochst ex Krauss was not validly published, since it was not accepted by its author, but considered to be synonymous with complanata Besides, it is antedated by Kunth's binomial S AFRICA Cape of Good Hope: Drege sn ( type coll) (L) CEYLON Thwaites CP 2967 {type coll of oonnectens Thwaites) (K) JAVA W JAVA, Mt Ipis, Tegal Primula, grassy plain, 2300 m: Darters van Leeuwen (BO) ; Priangan, Mt Patuha near Telaga Paténggang, pool, 1650 m: Backer (BO, K L, SING, U); same locality, swampy margin of lake: Backer (BO) ; Mt Patuha, Bantja Upas, swamp, dominant: Van Steenis 7424 (BO); Mt Papan dayan, Tegal Pandjang, swampy valley, dominant, 2041 m: Van Steenis 4217 (B, BO, L) ; same locality, Tegal Alun Alun: Van Steenis 4292 (B, BO, L) ; Mt Djava, N of Mt Papandayan, Tegal Mariuk, 2200 m: Van Steenis 4357 (BO) Central Java, Mt Dieng, Telaga Balekambang, 2000 m: Van Steenis 45S3 (BO, L) ; Dieng: Warburg 3541, 3542 (IIS); Dieng, Telaga Pengilan: Buttner 282 (BO) ; Mt Dieng, swamp, 2050 in: Hochrewtiner 2439 (B); Mt Prahu: Horsfield 1073 (BM, type of horsfieldii C B Clarke; SING) E Java: Besuki, Yang Plateau, Tam an Hi chip, swampy grassland, in large lumps avs Carex nubigena and Rhynchospora glauca, 1000 m: Van Steenis (BO, L) 3 Fimbristylis microcarya v M, Fragm Phyt Austral 1, 1859, 200; Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 316; S T Blake, Univ Queensl Papers Dept Biol 1, 3, 1937, 93; J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 216 complanata var microcarya (errore " microcarpa ) ( v M) C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 646; Domin, Bibl Bot 20, Heft 85, 1915, 462 autumnalis var micro car ya ( v M) Kiik, Bot Jahrb 69, 1938, 258 quinquangularis, forma abludens Backer, Bekn PI Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, 26 A very rare species in Malaysia, previously only reported from Papua by Kiikenthal (1938) and Blake (1954) It was also collected in Java and the Philippines Although undoubtedly related to complanata, it strikingly resembles quinquangularis by its general habit and very small spikelets microcarya lacks the bladeless cauline leaves of the latter and besides, it is recognizable by the dense fringe of short white hairs representing the ligule (see p 119), the acute glumes, and the nuts not densely verruculose but smooth or with only a few warts, and finely lineolate by the transversely linear-oblong outer cells superposed in 46 vertical rows on each face

3 112 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 E JAVA Wonokitri near Surabaya, Gunung Sahari: Dorgelo 1712 (L); precise locality unknown: Booker cs 3269 (L) Luzon, Prov of Rizal: PHILIPPINES Bamos BS12523 (BM, G, K, P); Prov (NY, US) of Oavite, Mendez Nunez: Mamgubat BS 1327 NEW GUINEA Papua, Port Moresby, Can (K, L, SING) 4 Fimbristylis scaberrima Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind 1834, 102; Kunth, E,n Plant 2, 1837, 229; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 113; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 13, pp; Linnaea 38, 1874, 408; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 637; J Linn Soc Bot 34, 1898, 60 This species is, according to Clarke (1898), endemic in Sylhet and probably only once collected I have also seen it from Indo China and Malaysia It has been repeatedly collected in Borneo, first by Teysmann, but it is much rarer in Sumatra and Java Because of its bifid style and biconvex nut Nees placed it in Fimbristylis, not in the genus Trickelostylis comprising our Fimbristylis spp with trifid style Accordingly Clarke referred it to Sect Dichelostylis, in pointing to the fact that from the flattened top of the stem and the small spikelets it had been sometimes referred to complanata The relations to the latter species can not be denied, but it shows a still closer affinity to dura, with which the Malaysian specimens were confounded INDIA Sylhet: Wallich 3507c (type coll) (L) INDO CHINA Cambodia: Godefroy 50 (P) - SUMATRA Res D j a m b i, Lake Sipin near I>jambi, dominant: Bntten-Kooistra SI (BO, L) W JAVA Banten, Rawa Bodjong, S of road Tangerang-Serang, near Tigaiaksa, edge of swamp forest: Von Steenis (BO, L) BORNEO : Chaper sn (P) W Borneo, B Singkadjang: Teysmann (BO, L); margin of Sendabai Lakes near Tayan: Main 1710 (exp Polaik) (BO, L); Lake Tayan: Mam 1749 (BO, L) ; Sungai Sendebai: Maim 1819 (BO, L, SING-) ; near Selimbau, forest, common: Main 1844 (BO, L) 8 and E Borneo, W Kutei, Lahun, in open rapak forest, dominant: Endert 1836 (B, BO, SING) ; Tandjong- Isui, margin of lake, dominant: Endert 1982 (BO, L) 5 Fimbristylis pierotii Miq, Ann Mus L-ugd Bat 2, 1865, 145; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 32; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 642; Ohwi, Mem Coll Sc Kyoto B 18, 1944, 65 pinetorum Merr, Philip J Sc 9, 1914, Bot 266; En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 125 The specimens on which Miquel based this species (leg Von Siebold, Burger, Keiske and Pierot) are all preserved in the Leiden Herbarium I have chosen No 8 Scirpus Tentsuki, Japonia, v Siebold as the lectotype (L, sub no ) Merrill 7664, the type collection of pinetorum Merr, and Merrill PUI PI 558, distributed as pinetorum, are identical with the collections cited by Miquel The species ranges from India (NW Himalaya, Simla,, Kumaon), Korea, and Japan (Hondo, Shikoku, Kiushiu) to the Philippines (N Luzon) PHMPPrNKS Luzon, Benguet Subprov: Merrill BS7664 (P, US), Merrill Plvil PI 558 (FI, G, U, US) 6 Fimbristylis insignis Thwaites, En PI Zeyl 1864, 349; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 645; Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 118; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 215 thwaitesii Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 34 petro- longispica (non Steud) Ridl, Fl Mai Pen 5, 1925, 156, pp gena Ohwi, Bot Mag Tokyo 56, 1942, 201

4 J H KEKN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaceae Scirpus _ Recorded by Clarke (1893) for Borneo and recently by Blake (1954) for Papua It appears that insignis occurs at several remote localities almost throughout Malaysia Outside this area it was collected in Ceylon, Siam, Tonkin, Cochin China, S China, and tropical Australia Dr Ohwi kindly sent me some photographs of the type specimen of petrogena Ohwi, preserved in the Kyoto Herbarium I am convinced that it belongs to insignis, as I already supposed to he so on account of the original description Thwaites described the style as glabrous However, in the specimens of CP 3317 (type collection) I have seen, the style is distinctly ciliate, as in most specimens examined Sometimes I found the style thinly membranously margined, only in Vesterdal 228 it is quite glabrous MALAY PENINSULA 8 e t U 1, heaths: Bidley (BM, K, SING-) K e D a h: Vesterdal 228 (C) N BORNEO: Burbidge sn (BM, K) ; Jesselton, open eroded hillside, 15 M: E H Forster S18 (K) PHILIPPINES Calamianes, between Culion and the "Negative Barrio", Culion Island: Bartlett (GH) Luzon, Ilocos Norte Prov, Burgos: Bamos BS (BO) Pan ay, Antique Prov: MacGregor S22S3 (K, P, US) CELEBES SE Celebes, Timampu, rather common, 300 m: Kjellberg 3748 (BO) ; Rumbia, Wambakowu, monsoon forest, m: Elbert 3088 (L) NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, Hollandia: Bairn sn (GH); Hollandia, open places in savannah: Van Boyen 4146 (L); Waren, 60 miles S of Manokwari, in open rocky grass-field by the sea-shore, very rare: Kanehira Hatusima (type of petrogena Ohwi) (KYO, nv; photographs in L) Papua, Div Mai Kussa R: W MacGregor in 1890 (ace to Blake, 1054, nv) M i s o o 1, Sorong, near Fakal, steppe scattered, 40 m: Pleyte 1120 (BO, K, L, SING) 7 Fimbristylis falcata (Vahl) Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 239; Miq, PI Ind Bat 3, 1856, 326; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 48; -Vill, Nov App 1882, 308 falcatus Vahl, En Plant 2, 1806, 275 brevifolia Presl, Rel Haenk 1, 1828, 192, non R Br, 1810 brachyphylla Presl Rel Haenk 1, 1830, 351, non Schult, 1827 Trichelostylis junciformis Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind 1834, 106 haenkei Presl ex Dietr, Sp PI 2, 1833, 161; Syn PI 1, 1839, 201 junciformis (Nees) Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 239; Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 327; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871," 49; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 647; Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 97; Camus, Fl Orén I C 7, 1912, 119; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 123, excl syn Retzii; Kiik, Bot Jahrb 59, 1924, 50 falcata is often confounded with cymosa, to which it is very similar in habit It is easily distinguishable by the broad scarious margins of the glumes, the whitish (not blackish) nut, and the distinctly produced connective setulose at the top In Malaysia it is very rare, the localities cited below and 1 up to the present only known from Outside Malaysia it is known from Madagascar, India, and Indo China PHILIPPINES': Haenke, (Presl, acc to Clarke, 1907), not seen Luzon: Ilocos (BM, P) ; Norte Prov, Burgos: Bamos B BO, Manila: Cattery in 1840 (P) NEW GUINEA NE New Guinea, Sepik Distr, Dagua Airstrip, W of Wewak: Puis ford 7 (L; the same number in BM is dichotomy, Vaihl) ; Morobe Distr, Vicinity of Kajabit Mission, grassland, 270 m: Clemens (GrH) New Britain, Gatzelle Peninsula: Lmitirbaeh 247 (cited by Kiikenthal, 1924, as 274?) (SING)

5 114 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1900 Fig 1 Fig 2

6 Fig J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Preaursores X Cyperaoeae in clusters of 24 The much less distinctly nerved glumes are only V/ 2 Sect 8 Fimbristylis lasiophylla Kern, spec nov nigrobrunnea (non Thwaites) Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 120, pp Cymosae Ohwi 1 crasso lignoso vaginis stramineis vel ferrugineis Perennis, rhizomate repente dissolutis circumdato Culmi solitarii vel subsolitarii, erecti, rigidiuseuli, obtusanguli, sulcati, glabri laevesque, ad basin vaginis 23 tnbulosis usque ad 5 cm longis laminis brevibus l1 / 22 cm longis praeditis cineti, 2030 cm alti, 11 V 2 mm crassi Folia basalia cinereo-viridia, culmo multo breviora, crassiuscula, rigida, ereeta vel saepe falcata, plana, in sicco marginibus involutis, obtusiuscula vel abrupte acuminata, supra minute celluloso-reticulata glabra vel sparse pilosa, subtus pluristriata pilis albis oblique patentibus dense pubescentia, l 1 / / 2 mm lata; laminae intus ad basin eligulatae, sensim in vaginam transeuntes Anthela composita, decomposita vel supra decomposita, late ovata, diffusa, laxa, multispiculata, 710 cm longa et lata Bracteae involucrales brevissimae, oblique ereetae, pubescentes, ima 1 iy 2 cm longa Anthelae radii 611, graciles, patentes, glabri laevesque, usque ad 7 cm longi Spiculae solitariae, raro 24 aggregatae, ovatae vel oblongae, angulatae, acutiusculae, densiuscule pluriflorae, 36 mm longae, 1V 22 mm latae Rhachilla distincte alata Glumae spiraliter dispositae, membranaceae, undique imbricatae, adpressae, late ovatae, obtusae, paullo infra apicem minute mucronulatae, carinatae, pubeseentes, late hyalino-marginatae, in dorso ferrugineo tenuiter nervatae, nervo medio prominente, 1V 2 l / 2 2 mm longae, 1V 2 mm 2 latae Stamina (2)3, antheris linearibns 1l 1 /, mm longis, connective) in appendiceal brevem glabram prodncto Stylus tenuis, triqueter, ad basin pyramidatoincrassatus, sparse ciliatus vel fere glaber, 1 V-/ 4 mm longus, stigmatibus 3 quam stylus longioribus Nux obtuse compresso-trigona, obovata vel late elliptica, breviter stipitata, vix umbonulata, cellulis extimis transverse oblongis subimpressis minute cancellata, brunnea, 0709 mm longa, mm lata Allied to Fimbristylis sericea R Br, but differing in several important characters Like in sericea the leaves are densely pubescent on the under side; however, the hairs are not strongly appressed as in sericea, but obliquely patent The dry leaves of sericea are revolute, those of lasiophylla involute The much smaller spikelets of lasiophylla are nearly all solitary, sometimes only some of them are placed 2V 2 mm long, in sericea 2 x / 2 4 mm The connective is smooth, not setulose at the top as is the case in sericea The style is more slender, and there are always 3 stigmas, whereas in Asiatic sericea digynous flowers by far prevail Accordingly the nuts are trigonous, not biconvex; they are much smaller and finely cancellate (smooth in sericea) Possibly due to attack of a parasite the spikelets in Clemens 3002 Fig 1 Fimbristylis lasiophylla Kern a Habit (spikelets partly elongate by attack of a parasite), X b ½; spikelet, X 5; c deflorate flower, X 10; d nut (with style and e stigmas), X 10; transverse section of nut, X 10; f anther, X 10; g glume, X 10 From (L) d Alleizette sn Fig 2 Fimbristylis subalata Kern a Habit, X ½; b spikelet, X 1; c glume, X 5; d flower, X 5; e stamen, X 5; f nut, X 5 From (GH) Brass 7846

7 116 RLUMRA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 and 3224 are more or less comose by the strongly elongate sterile upper glumes Such deformed spikelets often occur in globulosa (Retz) Kunth, dichotoma (L) Vahl, and dura (Zoll et MOr) Merr Annam, Tourane, (P) ; INDO CHINA Nov 12, 1911: Leoomte Fmet 954 Tourane and vicinity, common in the dune region, MayJuly 1927: J Sr M S Clemens 8002, 3224 (U); environs de Nha-trang, sables prés de la mer, 911 juin 1909: Ch d'alleizette sn I type) (L, sub no ) 9 Fimbristylis obtusata (C B Clarke) Ridl, Fl Mai Pen 5, 1925, 157 tenera var obtusata C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 642; J Linn Soc, Bot 34, 1898, 63; Ridl, J Str Br R As Soc, 46, 1906, 224; Mat Fl Mai Pen 3, 1907, 94; Merr, Bibl En Borneo 1921, 62 nigrobrunnea var thorelii Camus, Not Syst 1, 1910, 248, pp; Fl G6n IC 7, 1912, 121, pp A survey of the distribution of this species is given bek>w As for the Malay Peninsula, most records were already given by Ridley (1907) nigrobrunnea var thorelii Camus has nothing to do with nigrobrunnea Of the specimens in the Paris Herbarium named as such by Camus, Thorel 556 belongs to obsusata; Balansa 2855 and Thorel sn I might refer to straminea Turr, with the type of which it agrees fairly well, except for the single somewhat truncatedepressed at the top stamen and the nut LOWER BENGAL: Wallich, Kwrz (K) LOWER BIRMA sn Rangoon: Bouquet (L) 556 COCHIN CHINA: Thorel (P) SUMATRA : Waitz sn (most probably mislabelled) (L) MALAY PENINSULA Kedah, P Langkawi: Nanien sn (SING) Pa hang: Bidley 1740c (not seen) Malacca: Bidley 1740a (K, SING), 1740b (BM) Joh o re: Vesterdal 368 (SING) Penang: Curtis 1867 (SING), Didriohsen S455 (C), Nauen SF (BO, GH, K, SING), Fur SF 4513 (K, SING), 5373 (BO, L, SING), sn (UlS) Singapore: Hullett in 1894 (SING), Nivr sn (SING), Bidley 83 (K, SING), 1740 (SING), 8430 (K, SING), sn (SING), Sinclair sn (BO, L) BORNEO SARAWAK, Kuchiag: Miss Hose 301 sn (SING), (SAR) W Borneo: Hoilier 740 (BO) S and E Borneo: Band jermasin: Motley 85 (K) Br N Borneo: Burbidge sn (BM, K) ; Jesselton: Topping 1456 (P, U'S) ; Mt Kinabalu, Dallas, 900 m: Clemens (B, BM, BO, K, L, NY, SING) 10 Fimbristylis schultzii Boeck, Linnaea 38, 1874, 391; Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 320 ("316"); S T Blake, Proe R Soc Queensl 58, 1947, 45 platystachys Boeck, Linnaea 38, 1874, 390; Domin, Bibl Bot 20, Heft 85, 1915, 464 Domin, 1 c platystachys var schultzii (Boeck) The two Fimbristylis collections from the Lesser Sunda Islands I have here provisionally referred to schultzii Boeck, I am still puzzled at In Iboet 358a from Sumba the mucros of the glumes are rather short, only slightly spreading, the nuts 0607 mm long and 0405 mm wide, not verruculose, almost elliptic in cross-section, blackish, with thick-walled hexagonal to transversely oblong impressed outer cells In my opinion they perfectly agree with the type collection of schultzii (Schultz 96; K!) In Van Steenis 7586 from Bali, however, the spikelets are strikingly squarrose by the longer recurved awns, the whitish nuts are slightly larger (075 X 065 mm), densely verruculose, and more equally trigonous The only Australian collection in the Leiden Herbarium distributed

8 J H KERN: Florae Malesutnae Preoursorcs X Cyperaceae as schultzii is Specht 20 from N Australia In habit it is very similar to the Van Steenis collection, but not identical with the latter, the glumes, anthers, and the style being larger, upper margins of the glumes microscopically fimbriate-dentate, and the connective slightly bristly at the top Specht 20 seems to be identical with Schultz 792, the type collection of platystachys Boeck, as far as I can judge from the very young specimens of this collection in the Kew Herbarium schultzii and platystachys were considered conspecific by Blake (1947) The decision whether the Iboet and the Van Steenis collections are specifically distinct must be postponed until more material is available LESSER, Si RNT>A ISLANDS Bali, Gilimaiiuk, in grassy fields, 1 m: Van Steenis 7586 (BO, L) Sumba, Waikolo, Iboet 358a (BO) II Fimbristylis miliacea L var macrostachya Kern, var nov A typo differt spiculis majoribus 510 mm longis 3 c 2V4 mm longis l 2 /r, mm latis, staminibus 3 Because of the larger spikelets and the longer glumes mm latis, glumis this remarkable variety has been mistaken for globulosa (Retz) Kunth On account of the equitant leaves grooved on the inner margin 1 ), the narrowly hyalinemargined glumes, the rhachilla not ragged by wings after the fall of the glumes, and the small nuts it belongs undoubtedly to miliacea Miquel, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 322, described miliacea var validior, "umbellae radii pri-marii saepe 5, 2 majoribus bis-terve umbellato-proliferis, spiculis majusculis", based on a specimen from Sumatra, Padang, leg Junghuhn (L) In this specimen I can not find any difference with typical miliacea JAVA Central Java, Res Semarang, Dir Grobogan, near Karangasem: Koorders (BO) ; Kesongo, on damp brackish clay: Kooper, 650b, p p (BO) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Prov of Ilocos Norte, Burgos: Batnos BS (typecoll holotype in L) (BM, BO, L, NY, P) 12 Fimbristylis aphylla Steud in Zoll, Syst Verz 1854, 61, nom nud; Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 114 globulosa var aphylla (Steud) Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1855, 322 quinquangularis var crassa Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 644; Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 115 quinquangularis (non Kunth) Koord, Exk Fl Java 1, 1911, 200, pp; Backer, Onkruidfl Jav Suikerrietgr 1928, 162, pp; Ktik, Candollea 6, 1936, 425 salbundia (non Kunth) Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 44, quoad pi jav If globulosa (Retz) Kunth, miliacea (L) Vahl, quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth, salbundia (Nees) Kunth, and anisoclada Ohwi are accepted as specifically distinct, aphylla Steud also deserves specific rank Its relations to quinquangularis certainly are not closer than those to the other species of this intricate group In habit it is most similar to salbundia; for the identification of both species ripe fruits are almost indispensable The darker spikelets of salbundia angular by reason of the keeled glumes, and the (2)3 stamens of the latter species (1 2 in aphylla) may serve as auxiliary characters aphylla has been recorded from India and Further India; in Malaysia it seems to be ') Strictly speaking this inner margin is the upper side of the blade Bull Soe Bot France 73, 1026, 260) (see Chermezon,

9 ,,, ~ _ " Scirpus _ (BO) ~ " ~ _ (BO); 118 BLUM EA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 restricted to Sumatra and Java The only specimen I have seen from the Philippines may be mislabelled It occurs in open wet places (swamps, rice fields) at medium altitudes ( m) (L); SUMATRA N Sumatra, Atjeh, Takcngon: Jochems Van Karo Steenis 5820 (BO); Gayu and Alaslands, Gayo Luas: Van Daalen 221 (L) ; plateau near Berastagi, wet rice-field, 1300 m: Lorzing 6725 (BO) ; wet grassy place, 1250 m: Lorzing 8486 (BO) ; swampy ground: Ejdley sn (K) ; S of Siboiangit, G50 m: Lorzing 4245 (BO) ; Karolands, near Tandjung, 800 m: Lorzing 8999 (BO); saddle Assahan, Porsea-Tutupan: Lorzing 99S5 (BO); Asahan, vicinity of Lumban Ria: Balimat si Boeea Adian Rindang, vicinity of Huta Tomuon Dolok: Rohmat 7470 (GH, US), 7997 (GH) ; 8% Boeea 87 SS, 8757 (GH) ; vicinity of Aek Munte, 500 m: Rahmat si Boeea 9117 (OH); hills ESE of Toba Lake, grassy wilderness, m: Lorzing 6643 _ Batuhuda, moist localities, 1200 m: Lorzing 8030 (BO) Central W Sumatra, Mt Talang-Laras Talamg, rice-field, 1500 m: Biitrmeroeijer 5186 (BO, L) ; roadside, 1400 m: Biinnemeijer 5190 (BO)'; Mt Korinchi, m: Biinnemeijer 8022, 8142 (BO), 8173 (B, BO, L, U), Jacobson 2526 (BO), Robinson Kloss sn (BM, K, ising); Lubu Gadang: Matthew sn (K) S Sumatra, Benkulen, Udjung, 1000 m: Bapjwtrd P 17a (BO) ; Rambutan, 950 m: Biinnemeijer 3425 (BO, L) ; Palembang, Banding Agung, Van Steenis 3976 (BO, L, ' U) m: 500 JAVA : Goerimg sect II wr 149 (lectotype) (P); Eeimvardt sn (U) W Java, ad frontem pr Bantar Peteh: ~ Zollinger 1609 {syntype) (FI, G, P) ; in paludibus pr Zollinger S5Z4 (ṣyntype ) (BM, F, G, GH, P); Priangan: Warburg Prabakti: (US); Batavia: Didriohsen 3935 (C)'; Bukanagara, 1100 m: Wisse 998 (BO); Bogor: Ilallier sn (BO, L), Raap 96 (L) ; Mt Salak, 1100 m: Lam 2243, 2245 of Mt Salak, 750 m: ; N foot Kurz 330 (U) ; Telaga Saat, 1250 m: Booker (BO, L) ; Tusu, 900 m: Kurz 1842 (L); S of Leuwiliang, 1000 m: Backer (BO) ; Nirmala, 1300 m: Pasawahan, (BO, L); above Singa- Backer (BO, L, U); 500 m: Backer parna, 600 m: Backer 8593 (BO, L); Tjipanas, 1000 m: Kurz 1832 (L, P) ; Tjipajung: Monod de Froideville sn (BO); Megamendung: Van Steenis 2243 (BÖ) ; Tjïbodas, m: Bruggerrum 619 (BO), Van Steenis sn (BO), Kern 7682, 8149 (BO), SapUn 2154 (U); Takoka, 1000 m: Koorders (BO); Sindanglaja: O Kunt ze 4455 (US) ; Tjadasmalang, swampy places, 1000 m: Baktmizen v d Brink 2445 (BO); Wijnkoopsbaai : Junghuhn 412 (U) ; Mt Patuha, swamp, 1500 m: Fan Steenis 4431 (BO, L) ; Bandung, 800 m: Van Steenis 1663 (BO), Smith 4' Rant sn (BO) Central J a v a: Horsfield 1069 (BM); Wonosobo, 700 m: Brinkman 298 (BO) ; Bandungun, 1000 m: Kooper 513b (BO) ; Kedu, Temanggung, 600 m: Lorzing 404 (BO) ; Muntilan, 350 m: Van Rijokevorssel 16 (BO) E Java, Madiun, Ngebel, 700 m: Koorders (3 (BO, L); SE Java: Forbes 893 (BM) PHILIPPINES LUZON, Bontoc Subprov Vamoverbergh 2162 (FI) 13 Fimbristylis quinquang-ularis (Vahl) Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 229; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1854, 113; Miq, FI Ind Bat 3, 1856, 321; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 42; C B Clarke, FI Br Ind 6, 1893, 644; Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 96; 111 Cvp 1909, t 43, f 46; Koord, Exk Flora Java 1, 1911, 200, pp; 4, 1922, f 257 & 258; Camus, FI Gen I C 7, 1912, 114; Merr, En Philip FI PI 1, 1923, 125; Back, Onkruidfl Jav Suikerrietgr 1928, 162, pp, t 170; Bekn FI Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, p 26 - quinquangularis Vahl, En 2, 1806, 279 miliacea (non Vahl) S T Blake, J Arn Arb , 216 S T Blake (1954) refers the Linnean epithet miliaceus to quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth, whereas to his mind littoralis Gaud, is the correct name of the species hitherto generally known as miliacea This undesirable change of names can legally be avoided; see Kern Taxon 3, 1954, 246 Little attention has been given to the taxonomic value of the ligule

10 J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaceae near Band,jar: Backer sn (BO); Kiara Pajung, N of Tjiandjur, swampy place, 500 m: in Fimbristylis In quinquangularis and the allied species the ligule is a'bsent as a rule; only in one of the two specimens of Robinson 1894 in the Leiden Herbarium it is represented like in microcarya v M by a dense fringe of short hairs, Because up to the present in Malaysian literature aphylla was not distinguished from quinquangularis, a survey of the materials examined is given quinquangularis occurs in open or lightly shaded wet places at low altitudes (0 500 m), unlike aphylla which is a plant of medium altitudes ( m) SUMATRA E Coast Res, Sungei Die-kin: Jochems 3154 (BO) ; Belawan (Deli), coastal swamp, 02 m: horsing 3482 (BO) JAVA W Java, Banten, Bodjongmanik: Koorders (BO); Bantardawa Backer (BO) Central Java, Oheribon, forestry Indramaju: Van Steenis 6666 (BO) ; Indramaju, forestry Plosokerep: Van Steenis 7493 (BO), 7539 (BO, L), 8171 (BO) ; Furwodadi, 175 m: Coert 501 (BO, L) ; Semarang, rice-field: Docters van Leeuwen sn (BO); Djogjakarta, div Kulon Progo, Dayakan, rice-field, 12 m: Landbryuwleraar Djogja 24 (BO, L) E J a v a, swampy places near Alkmaar: Mousset 495 (BO); N Kediri, teak-culture Tunglur, 125 m: Grutterinlc 3164 (BO) ; Pasuruan, Karangassen: Kooper 621 (L); Karangtengat: Kooper sn (L) Kangeaa Arch Paliat, teakforest, 10 m: Backer (BO) ; Sabunten, swampy place, 10 m: Backer (BO, L) TJEKKR SIINDA ISLANDS Timor, drying- up pool: Monod de Froidevilïe 1714 (BO) PHILIPPINES Co ron Island: Ramos BS (P) Luzon, Prov of Bulacan: Ramos Phil PI 1423 (BM, BO, Cx, G-H, L, NY, P, SING); Manila: Merrill BS 9808 (BM, K, P, NY, US) ; Luzon Central : Loher 1340 (K); Prov of Rizal: Reillo BS (L, NY); Pangasinan Prov: Ramos BS 4853 (NY, P, US), BS 4935 (P, SING, UiS) Samar, Matuguiano: Edano PNS15619 (BM, L), Gaclwlian PNH (L, SING); Mt Purog: Edano PNIT15397 (SING) L e y t e, SW of Tacloban: Glassman 521 (GH) Bo hoi: Ramos BS (G, SING) Pan ay: Copeland 100 pp (K, TJ1S) Mindanao, Davao: Copeland 586 (G, K pp; in BO, K pp & NY i= miliacea) CELEBES SE Peninsula, Kandari, Lepo-lepo: Beocari sn (FI 12020); E Celebes, Sukon, rice-fields: Kandern 412 (L) MOLUCCAS Burt: Lahaie 1564 (P) Amboina: Robinson 1894 (BM, BO, GH, L, SING, US) NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, S of Merauke, coastal swamp, 5 m: Tam Royen 4574 (L) Papua, Baroko, Mekeo Distr, Centr Div, common, damp savannah flats, 30 m: Brass 3733 (BO, GH, L, NY) 14 Fimbristylis salbundia (Nees) Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 230; Steud Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 113; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 44, pp, haud quoad pi jav; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 646; J Linn Soc 34, 1898, 69; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 216 Trichelostylis salbundia Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind 1834, 105 paludosa Merr, Philip J Sc 9, 1914, Bot 265; En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 125 globulosa (non Kunth) Ohwi, Bot Mag Tokyo 56, 1942, 202, non al Nees based his Trichostylis salbundia on Wallich 3499 and 3526 ; the latter collection he also cited under Trichelostylis complanata (Retz) Nees Clarke (1893, 1898) pointed out the great confusion in these Wallich collections and based his conception of salbundia on 3526 of the Wallich Herbarium at Kew, which specimen I therefore propose to accept as the lectotype of the species salbundia, only reported from New Guinea by Blake (1954), ap-

11 CELEBES BES M E na D O, E of Lake Lindu, W slope of Mt Ngilalaki, swamp, Isolepis Scirpus Fig 120 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 pears to be rather widely distributed in Malaysia; paludosa Merr is a synonym SUMATRA Karo Plateau, Lau Bedimbo, E of Siosar, swamps, 1250 m: Lörzing 8534 (BO) ; Mt Piso-Piso, NW of Toba Lake, moist grassland, 1400 m : Lorzing 9370 (BO) ; Huta Gindjang, Toba: Ruttner 188 (BO) ; Tapanuli, Dolok Margu, swinging bog, 1400 m: I'olak 90 (BO); Mt Korinehi, Sungei Kumbang, 1360 m: Bobiv-iort 4~ Kloss 118 (BM, SING, ITS) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Benguet Subprov: Merrill Phil PI 551 (FI, G, U) ; Williams 1839 (type of paludosa Merr) (GH, K, NY, US); Baguio: Elmer 6497 (BO, K, NY, P, US), Clemens (GH, US) 1000 m: Bloembergen 4099 (BO, L) ; Bolaang Mongondow, Danau Lake: Kaudern 147 (L) NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, Angi, Arfak Mts, in open marsh by Lake Giji, 1900 m: Katiehira <)r Tlatwsima 1S68S (BO) Papua, Centr Div, Urunu, Vanapa Valley, small swamps, 1900 m: Brass 4805 (BO, GH, K, L, US) 15 Fimbristylis anisoclada Ohwi, Blumea 8 1, 1955, 97 2 The specimen on which this species is based ( Noerkas 218 from S Celebes) lacks the basal parts Van Steenis collected more complete material in Central Java In the Paris Herbarium I found some specimens with well developed sterile shoots from Indo China anisoclada is a perennial plant, with tufted stems up to 80 cm tall and about 2 mm thick, at the base clothed with 13 bladeless or almost bladeless, tubular, up to 20 em long sheaths with a lanceolate appendage 23 cm long The leaves of the sterile shoots are much shorter than the stems, erect, rigid, abruptly acuminate, smooth or very slightly scaberulous on the margins near the apex, 12 mm wide In the Indochinese specimens the inflorescence is smaller than in the Malaysian ones, 59 cm long The decision whether anisoclada and salbundia can be kept apart, must be postponed until more material is available COCHIN CHINA: Godefroy sn in 1875 (P); prairies inondees pres Saigon: nn m 1874 (P) JAVA Central Java, Indramayu, forestry Plosokerep, 25 m: 8198 (BO, L) Yam Steenis 16 Fimbristylis recta M Bail, 3rd Suppl Syn Queensl Fl 1890, 80; S T Blake, Proc R Soc Queensl 58, 1947, 44; J Arn Arb 35, 1954, , 24 macgillivrayi C B Clarke, Kew Bull Add Ser 8, S T Blake (1947) supposed the identity of macgillivrayi C B Clarke with recta M Bail I had the opportunity to study the type of macgillivrayi in the British Museum and a duplicate of it in the Paris Herbarium (Lizard Island, N Coast of Australia, MacOillivray 35) There can be no doubt that the two are conspecific, so that macgillivrayi has accordingly been referred to the synonymy of recta The style in MacGUUvray 35 is glabrous, not villous as Clarke indicated 17 Fimbristylis hispidula (Vahl) Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 227; Boeek, Linnaea 37, 1871, 27 hispidulus Vahl, En Plant 2, 1806, 276 exilis Kunth in H B K, Nov Gen 1, 1815, 224 exilis (Kunth) R et S, Syst Veg 2, 1817, 98; C B Clarke, Fl Trop Afr 8, 1902, 418; Nelmes & Baldwin, Am J Bot 39, 1952, 377, f 4957 Abildgaardia pubescens Presl, Rel Haenk 1, 1828, 180, non pubescens Link preslii Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 228; Steud, Syn Plant Glum

12 Deser J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Freoursores X Cyperaceae (L) Sect Perennis, 2, 1855, 108; -Vill, Nov App 1882, 308; Merr, En Philip PI PI 1923, 127 clavinux C B Clarke, 111 Cyp 1909, t 41, f 13 1, The two collections cited below show some differences In the specimens from Wetar, perfectly agreeing with the African specimens of hispidula in the Leiden Herbarium, the inflorescence is anthelate, consisting of 35 spikelets and subtended by small foliaceous bracts, the glumes are 3 mm long, the style is glabrous and about U/ 4 mm long The inflorescence of the Luzon specimens, however, usually consists of a single terminal spikelet, sometimes with 12 lateral additional ones, the glumes are 4 mm long, the style is slightly pubescent and 2 mm long Undoubtedly the latter specimens represent Presl's Abildgaardia pubescens, the typecollection of which Presl localized "in Mexico et in Luzon" and Merrill (1923) supposed to be probably not Philippine hispidula is highly polymorphic, and forms with only 1 or 2 spikelets occur also in Africa hispidula var submonostachya Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 28 was based on Scirpus hispidulus Vahl (Guinea, leg Thonning) and Abildgaardia pubescens; exilis var oligostachya C B Clarke, PI Trop Afr 8, 1902, 419 on specimens from Nile Land Therefore I prefer to treat hispidula and preslii as being conspecific LESSER STTNDA LHTAXTIS IW e t a r, near Tihu Lake, Eucalyptus forest and swamp, m: Elbert 4553 (L) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Ilocos Norte Prov, Burgos: Ramos BE $2797 (BM, BO, K, L, NY, P, SING, US) 18 Fimbristylis furva R Br Prodr 1810, 228; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 219 Recorded by Blake from Papua It has been also collected in the Aru Islands and the southern part of Dutch New Guinea W NEW GTJUNEA NE of Kurik bivouac (N\V of Merauke), in grassland among moderately tall grasses, Kp Ngaibos, savannah 6 m: ~ ~ Van Roy en 4880, 4881 in hilly country, Aru Islands, P Trangan, few m: B-uwalda 5356a, (BO, L) 19 Fimbristylis lanceolata C B Clarke, Kew Bull Add Ser 8, 1908, 25 emend Leptocladae Ohwi rhizomate brevissimo Culmi fasciculati, valde compressi, ad basin incrassati, striati, glabri vel praesertim apicem versus sparse pilosi, laeves, (10)2040 em alti, 3 / 41 1 / mm 4 lati, ad basin vaginis 12 tubulosis sine laminis apice oblique fissis superne puberulis vel margine membranaeeo ciliatis cincti Folia basalia culmo breviora, erecta, rigidiuscula, plana, ad apicem obtusa vel abrupte acuminata, eligulata (basi laminae intus sensim in vaginam transeunte), glabra, iy 3 mm 2 lata, marginibus inerassatis sursum antrorse scaberulis; vaginae inferiores ferrugineae vel brunneae, striatae, marginibus membranaceis Anthela simplex vel subcomposita, subeontracta, 29- spiculata, 24 em longa, 27 cm lata Bracteae involucrales 23, brevissimae, squamiformes, cuspidatae, 15 mm longae Anthelae radii 15, denique patentes vel arcuate reflexi, compressi, laeves, radioli si adsunt brevissimi, c V 2 1 / 2 2 cm longi ; cm Ion si Spiculae solitariae, ablongae vel lineares teretes, acutiusculae, laxe pluriflorae, 1025 mm longae, 2 mm latae Rhachilla alata Glumae spiraliter dispositae, tenuiter membranaceae, adpressae, oblongo-ovatae, obtusissimae, apiee inciso, paullo infra apicem mucronulatae, vix earinatae, 35-nerviae (nervo medio prominente, nervis

13 122 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 lateralibus obscuris), fulvae vel fuscae, 44 1 /,, mm longae, 2V / 4 mm latae, dimidio superiore dense glanduloso-puncticulato, marginibus in parte superiore majore longe ciliatis Stamina 3; antherae lineares, 22V 2 mm longae, connectivo in appendicem ovato-oblongam setis conspicuis cristatam produeto Stylus tenuis, triqueter, basi pyramidato-incrassato hispidulus, caetero gla'ber, 33 3 / 4 mm longus; stigmata 3, stylo multo breviora Nunc obtuse trigona, late obovata, breviter stipitata, haud vel vix umbonulata, dense verruculosa, primo alba, denique nigricans, 09 mm longa, 0708 mm lata, cellulis extimis longitudinaliter ellipticis vel oblongis The type specimen in the Paris Herbarium was marked by Clarke in 1888 Fimbristylis lanceolata, sp nov This is the type of the new species" The publication was only done posthumously The original description being very inadequate, I have drawn up the above emended description after the material cited below, thusfar the only collections known to me Clarke placed the species in the affinity of merguensis C B Clarke, with which it has nothing to do in my opinion Its true place is near furva R Br and macassarensis Steud It is remarkable for the elongate spikelets and the strongly compressed, almost ancipitous stems AUSTRALIA Baie RaflesCote Nord de la Nouvelle Hollande, Voyage de 1'Astrolabe et de la Z616e : Le Guillou sn (type) (P) SE CELEBES Ktanbia, Wambakowu, in monsoon, forest, imoist locality, alt m: Elbert 3091 (L) MOLUCCAS Aru Islands, P Trangan, Kampong Meroor, savannah, alt few m: Buwalda 5532 (BO, K, L, SING) 20 Fimbristylis macassarensis Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 109; Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 318 tenera (non Schult) C B Clarke, Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 95; Merr, En Philip Fl PI , 126 corniculata Merr, Philip J Sc 7, 1912, Bot 231; En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 122 Steudel based this species on "Zollinger 1019 " (should be 1059 ) from Celebes, of which collection I have only seen a specimen in the Paris Herbarium, determined by Steudel Not before 1921 macassarensis was collected for the second time in Celebes by Biinnemeijer His specimens perfectly agree with the type, except for the nuts densely verruculose in Zollinger 1059, smooth in Biinnemeijer In the Madura collection cited below, consisting of a few fruiting stems only, the nuts are verruculose In Merrill 7359, the type collection of corniculata, the leaves and spikelets are narrower, the anthers shorter, the style shorter and slightly fimbriate, and the (verruculose) nuts somewhat smaller However, the Celebes plants and the Philippine ones are so nearly related that, at least provisionally, I prefer to treat them as geographical races of the same species For a decision much more material is needed Merrill supposed corniculata to be allied to tenera Schult, to which species Loher 760 (identical with Merrill 7359) was referred by Clarke in 1907 The bladeless cauline leaves, the long-ciliate glumes notched at the apex, the bristly connective, the style hispidulous at the base, and the bluish black nuts with longitudinally elliptic to oblong outer cells, unmistakably point, however, to the close affinity with lanceolata C B Clarke and furva R Br

14 J H KEEN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaceae Scirpus spiculis car squamis Sect MADURA Regency Pamekasan, distr Bunder, Tambhung, experimental field: A d i Landbomvoons Tamekasan 2a,, pp (BO) PHILIPPINES Luzon, La Loma near Manila, in open grassland, 10 m: Merrill BS 7359 (type coll of corniculata Merr) (BM, K, L, P, US) : Luzon central: Loher 760 (K) CELEBES SW Celebes, near Makassar: Zollinger 1059 (type coll) (P); Mt Galesang near Malino, roadside, 310 m: Biinnemeijer (BO, L) 21 Fimbristylis cinnamometorum (Vahl) Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 229; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 113; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 35; Kiik, Mitt TMr Bot Ver,, N 50, 1943, 9; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 220 cinnamometorum Vahl, En Plant 2, 1806, 278 cyperoides R Br, Prodr 1810, 228; Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 244; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 650, 111 Cyp 1909, t 44, f 1113: Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 317 5, 1884, 505 kamphoeveneri Boeck, Bot Jahrb Comparison of the type of cyperoides R Br in the British Museum with an isotype of Scirpus cinnamometorum Vahl in the Leiden Herbarium showed that they are conspecific, proving that Blake (1954) is right in treating them as synonymous Clarke (1893, 649) referred kamphoeveneri Boeck to fusca (Nees) C B Clarke Obviously this was done on account of Kamphoevener 2484, cited by Clarke (J Linn Soc 34, 1898, 72) under fusca The type of kamphoeveneri is Kamphoevener 2485 (KIEL), which I have not seen However, a specimen of Kamphoevener 2484 in the Copenhagen Herbarium (like 2485 from Teressa) undoubtedly belongs to cinnamometorum It was annotated by Boeckeler as follows: Fimbristylis (Trichelost) Kamphoeveneri Röckl in Engl Bot Jahrb B V H 5, zu Herb Kiliensi sub no 2485" From Boeckeler's description it is just as well clear, that kamphoeveneri does not belong to fusca: "foliis filiformi-setaeeis perangustis granulis minutis ferrugineis conspersis tenui-membranaceis cancellata" A survey of the New Guinea collections of cinnamometorum was given by Kiikenthal (1943) and Blake (1954) The species occurs also in Sumatra and the Philippines SUMATRA E Coast RES, Si Mandi Angin, the Sungei Kanan: Eahmat ui Boeea 4081 (NY, US) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Ilocos Norte Prov, Burgos: Barnes BS (BM, BO, G-H, K, L, P, SING) NEW New Guinea, Cyclop Mts: Meijer Drees 88 (BO, L) Papua, see Blake (1954) 22 Fimbristylis adenolepis Kern, spec nov Fuscae Ohwi Fig 3 Herba annua, gracilis, glabra, radicibus fibrosis Culmi fasciculati, erecti, setacei, angulato-costati, laeves, 512 cm alti, V 4 1/ mm crassi, 3 ad basin foliati Folia culmo 23-plo breviora, erecta, setaeea, plana, obtusiuscula vel abrupte acuminata, laevia, supra celluloso-reticulata subtus nervosa, eligulata, usque ad 6 cm longa, 1 c J mm 2 lata, marginibus incrassatis; vaginae herbaceae, striatae, stramineae, marginibus membranaceis Anthela simplex vel subcomposita, laxa, (1)35-spiculata, usque ad 2 cm longa et lata Bracteae involuerales 23, foliis consimiles, ereetae, infloreseentia breviores, ima 1 /c1 cm longa Radii anthelae 13 filifonnes, erecto-patentes, obtusanguli, compressi, laeves, usque ad 12 mm

15 124 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 longi Spiculae solitariae, lanceolatae, valde compressae, acutiusculae, paucivel pluriflorae, 35 mm longae, 1 mm latae Rhachilla anguste alata Glumae distiche dispositae, tenuiter membranaceae, erectae, elliptico-ovatae, Fig 3 Fimbristylis adenolepis Kern a Habit, X 1; b spikelet, X 10; young flower, X 20; e nut, X 20; f style and stigmas, X 20; c glumes, X 20; d g outer cells of nut; h rhachilla, X 20 (BO) From Backer obtusiusculae, muticae, acute carinatae (carina 3-nervia, nervo medio infra apicem evanescente), ferrugineae (marginibus dilutioribus), dense glanduloso-puncticulatae, V/ 22 mm longae, 1 mm latae; inferiores 2 vacuae,

16 Abildgaardia J H KEKN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaceae Abildgaardia Gussonea Gussonea breviores, breviter euspidatae Stamen 1; anthera oblonga, 0405 mm longa, connectivo in appendiceal brevem rubram laevem producto Stylus triqueter, basin versus pyramidato-incrassatus, glaber, 1r/ mm 4 longus; stigmata 3, stylo multo breviora Nux obtuse trigona, oblongo-obovata, breviter stipitata, humiliter umbonulata, verruculosa, cellulis extimis transverse tfblongo-linearibus lineolata, straminea, mm longa, mm lata On account of the transversely oblong-linear external cells of the nut, and the gland-dotted glumes, apparently related to cinnamometorum (Vahl) Kunth The latter species, however, is a much larger, rhizomatous perennial, with horny lower leaf-sheaths, glumes 2 3 / 4 4 mm long and iy 2 2 mm wide, 3 stamens, linear anthers 12 mm long, a much longer style (3 3 1 / 2 mm), and more obovate somewhat larger nuts by mm INDO CHINA Annam, Nha-trang and vicinity, March 1126, 1911, C B Bobinson 1071 (P) Cochin China Bay Doc, bords de la mer, Sept 23, 1875, Godrfroy 815 (P) SIAJJ Surat, Khun Tale Lake, Jan 13, 1935, Gunnar Seidenfaden 2326 (SING) Kangean Archipelago, Kangean Island, Ardjasa, moist MALAYSIA grassy field, abundant, 25 m, March 16, 1919; Backer [partly, mixed up with fimbristyloides v ( M) Druce and obtusata (Clarke) Ridl] (BO, type ; L) 23 Fimbristylis fuscoides C B Clarke in Ostenf, Bull Herb Boiss 2, 1905, 719; Kew Bull Add Ser 8, 1908, 25; Camus, Fl Hen I C 7, 1912, 124; Ridl, Fl Mai Pen 5, 1925, 160, As Soc Str Br 59, 1911, 223 angustifolia Ridl, J R erythradenia Camus, Not Syst 1, 1910, 247; Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 113 I have seen specimens from Siam (Pattani: Kerr 7738) (SING), Indo China, and Malaysia; the Malaysian ones are enumerated below The species is characteristic for sandy fields and sandy places on heaths at low altitudes The type of erythradenia Camus from Cochin China: Thorel 506 (P) agrees with the specimens of fuscoides examined MALAY PENINSULA Setul, sandy places on heaths: Ridley (type-coll of angustifolia Ridl) (BM, K, SING); Perl is, Bukit Ketri heath: Henderson (SING) BILLITON: Riedel sn (Fl, L) ; N of Manggar: Ham 2 (BO); Begandung, roadside: Vorderman sn (BO, L) BORNEO Labuan: Barber 356 (lectotype of fuscoides C B Clarke) (K), Beccari sn (Fl, sheet nr 12024), Bp Hose 95 (SING), Ridley 9042 (K, SING) 24 Fimbristylis fusca (Nees) C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 649; Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 98; Ridl, Mat Fl Mai Pen 3, 1907, 97 pp; Koord, Bxk Fl Java 1, 1911, 200; 4, 1922, f 262; Camus, Fl G6n I C 7, 1912, 123; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 123 pp; Ridl, Fl Mai Pen 5, 1925, 160, pp; Backer, Bekn Fl Java 10, 1949, fam 246, 18; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 211 cyperoides Presl, Rel Haenk 1, 1828, 183, t 33, non cyperoides R Br pauciflora Brongn in Duperr, Voy Bot 2, 1829, 171, t 33, non pauciflora R Br fusca Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind 1834, 95; Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 249; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 72; Boeck, Linnaea 54 37, 1871, cyperoides (Presl) Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind 1834, 95, in adnot; Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 249

17 126 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 Abildgaardia _ -, (BO, " " " "" * ~ pauciflora (Brongn) Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 249; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 73; Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 298 Rhynchospora? Plant Glum anomala Steud in Zoll, Syst Verz 2, 1855, 149; Miq, Fl Ind Bat longispica Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 104 Not Syst 1, 1910, 248; Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 123 1, 1854, 61, nom nud; Syn 3, 1856, 337 J Str Br R As Soc 59, 1911, 223; PL Mai Pen 5, 1925, 159 Isolepis subfusca Camus, rigidifolia Ridl, stenochlaena Kiik, Mitt Thiir Bot Ver, N 50, 1943, 11; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 220 A highly variable species stenochlaena Kiik was based on Brass 7840 from Papua The specimens of this collection are more robust than is usually the case in fusca In habit they are very similar to eragrostis, from which species they differ 'by the hairy glumes, and the much longer style with relatively short stigmas Kiikenthal distinguishes stenochlaena from fusca by the broader leaves (2 mm) with light-coloured sheaths, the twice as long spikelets, the regularly distichous, long-acuminate, narrower glumes, and the many-flowered spikelets with all flowers bisexual Blake (1954, p 223) characterizes stenochlaena by the 45 (not 34) mm long glumes, the 4 (not about 3) mm long style, the manyribbed stems, the l 1 /,- 4 mm wide leaves,, and the spikelets 23 (not iy 2 2) mm wide I am unable to find any difference in the glumes and nuts The width of the leaves and the number of florets varies greatly in fusca, like in most Fimbristylis species In the type collection of fusca (Wallich 3530) the glumes are 4V 2 5V 4 mm long and about 2 mm wide, the style 5 mm long The flowers of stenochlaena are triandrous (like in fusca), not diandrous as Kiikenthal indicates A gradual series of forms intergrading between fusca and stenochlaena was recently collected in Dutch New Guinea by Van Royen Like stenochlaena, subfusca Camus and rigidifolia Ridl are in my opinion broad-leaved fusca, the floral characters being quite those of the last species NEPAL: Wallich 8580 (type-coll of Abildgaardia fusca Nees) (L, P) INDO CHINA Cochin China: Pierre sn (type of subfusca,, Camus) (P) SUMATRA A t j e h, Isaq, grassfields in Pimus forest, m: Van Steenis 6248 (BO, L) E Coast Bes, near Hopoan, Toba Lake, 1250 m: Lorzing (BO, L) W Coast Res, Port van der Capellen: Matthew sn (K) MALAY PENINSULA Setul, heaths: Bidley (type of rigidifolia Ridl) (K, SING) Singapore, Holland Road, sandy fields: Bidley (BM, K, SING) JAVA W Java, Tjikoya: Zollinger 700 (type-coll, of Rhynchospora? anomala Steud) (BM, Fl, G, K, L, P) ; Tend jo, dry grassfield, 80 m: Backer (BO); Tjiteras, grassfield, 40 m: Backer Djasimga, grassfields and brushwood, 50m: - grassy tuils, lüö m: (B, BO, K, L) ; forest-reserve Maribaja, N of " ~~' Van Steenis L); Djagahaja, BeumSe A 597 (BO); Banten, Genteng Lebak: Forbes 19 I rid ram a, forestry Plosokerep, 30 Van Steenis 7485 (BO, L) ROKKEO : Barber 307 (K) ; Bandjermasin: Motley 621 (K) PHiLrpprN]BS Palawan, Taytay: Merrill 9889 (BM); _(BM, BO, GH, K, L, NT, P, SING) Luzon, Ilocos Norte Prov, Burgos: Bcmos BS (BO, L, NY, SING); Cagayan Prov: ~ Barnos BS 7859 (NY, US); Prov of Rizal, Bosoboso: Merrill 2785 (BM, BO, K, NY); Luzon central: Loher 1343 (K, US) CELEBES Swampy grassfield near S Karadjae, NTSTE of Rapang, 75 m: Eyma 353 (BO, U), 354 (BO) ; Kolonedale, between Tomata and Kamba, in open vegetation especially in dry gravel hills: Fyma 4007 (BO, L, TT) Mowcc AS Ambon: Barclay sn (BM)

18 NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, grassfields E of aerodrome Andjai, 540 m: Cladium Mariscus Fig Abildgaardia _ J H KEKN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaoeae Van Bo-yen 3945, 3963, 5034 (L) ; Balim R, common among the grass on long-deforested slopes, 1600 m: Brass ' " " "" (vxh) ; Kurik bivouac, NW of Merauke, among low grasses, ö m: Van Boyen 4887 (L) Papua, W div, Lake Daviumbu, Middle Fly R r wet grass plains: " Brass 7840 (type-coll of stenochlaena Kiik) (BM, BO, GH, K, U) Sine loco: d'urville sn (type of Isolepis longispica Steud) (P)\ 25 Fimbristylis fulvescens Thwaites, En PI Zeyl 1864, 434; C P> Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 650; J Linn Soc, Bot 34, 1898, 72; Hook f in Trimen, Handb Fl Ceylon 5, 1900, 62 Thwaites, En PI Zeyl 1864, 347 Linnaea 37, 1871, 55 fulvescens fusca var longifolia Boeck, fusca (non C B Clarke) Ridl, Mat Fl Mai Pen 3, 1907, 97, pp; Fl Mai Pen 5, 1925, 160, pp This species was based on Thwaites CP 679, of which I have seen specimens in the Kew, Leiden, and Paris Herbarium, unfortunately all without ripe fruits Of the specimens cited below Kunstler 1690 was referred to fusca by Clarke, as was Curtis 2175 by Ridley However, both collections perfectly agree with fulvescens, which species may be distinguished by its annual habit, the longer more gradually acuminate leaves, and the very small anthela l 1 / 22 cm long and 24 cm wide, with 25 rays each bearing only 1 spikelet (very rarely one of the rays with a very short secondary raylet) Curtis 2175 bears mature nuts, which are oblong-obovate, sparsely verruculose, 125 mm long In fusca the nuts are obovate, densely verruculose, at most 1 mm long Whether the shape and size of the nut are reliable characters to distinguish between the two species, can only be decided when more mature material is available Boeckeler and Clarke attached much value to the pale colour of leaves and spikelets in fulvescens The specimens of CP 679 examined showed that at least the colour of the spikeiets is very variable MALAY PENINSULA P P e n a n g, Government Hill, 750 m: Curtis 3175 same locality, shady soil, m: Kunstler 1690 (PI) (SING); 26 Fimbristylis vanoverberg-hii Kiik in Engl, Pflanzenr Heft 101, 1936, 631 cyperoides Merr, Philip J Sc 7, 1912, Bot 74, non cyperoides R Br fallax Fernald, Rhodora 25, 1923, 53 non Chermez (1919) fusca (non C B Clarke) Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 123, pp nigrobrunnea (non Thwaites) Kiik in Fedde, Rep 51, 1942, 192 Ver N 50, 1943, 11 fusca var hispidissima Kiik, Mitt Thiir Bot 4 This is a true Fimbristylis, although it was originally placed in Cladium by Merrill, and referred to Mariscus Zinn (= Cladium Crantz) by Fernald It is related to fusca (Nees) C B Clarke, but readily distinguishable by the coriaceous, shining purplish basal leaf-sheaths, the very narrow leaf-blades with subulate apex, the shorter, more or les glabrescent glumes, and the shorter, much less slender style Up to the present it was only known from the type-collection [Vanoverbergh 273) from Luzon SUMATRA Mid-Habinsaran, between Sibosar and Parso, grasswilderness, 1100 m: Bontoc hillsides Txirzing 7783 (BO, L); between Mt Piso-piso and Toba Lake, near Tongging, grasswilderness, 1300 m: Lorzing 8103 (BO); W Batuhuda, hilly country, moist grassland, 1200 m: Lorzing 8036 (BO) PHILIPPINES LUZON, Subprov, Bauco, 1320 m: Vanoverbergh 273 (type-collection) sn (K), (US) NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, Kebar, grassy plain S of aerodrome Andjai,

19 128 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, I»5o Fig 4 Fig 5

20 J H Kehn: Florae Maleskmae Precursores X Cyperaoeae Sect 540 m: Van Boy en 4972 (L) (very young) NE New Guinea, Morobe IXstr, Sattelberg, grassy hills by aerodrome: Clemens 8286 A (type-coll, of fusca var hispidissima Kiik) (GH) 27 Fimbristylis calcicola Kern, spec nov Fuscae Ohwi Fig 5 Annua, radicibus fibrosis, glumis exceptis glabra, pallide viridis Culmi dense fasciculati, erecti, pergraeiles, acute quadrangulares, sulcati, laeves, 1020 cm alti, 1 J i 1 / 3 mm crassi, ad basin vaginis 12 tubulosis laminis brevibus praeditis 1 / / 2 cm longis cincti Foliorum laminae culmo Va v 2 breviores, rigidiusculae, faleatae, planae, anguste lineares, supra celluloso-retieulatae, subtus tenuiter nervatae, acutae vel subacutae, eligulatae, V 21 mm latae; vaginae stramineae vel brunneae, opacae Anthela simplex vel subcomposita, laxa, 3 9-spiculata, 1 V 4 cm longa Bracteae involucrales 34, oblique erectae, setaceae, ad apicem magis minusve recurvatae, ad basin dilatatam scariosae, ima 1 / 2 1 cm 2 longa Anthelae radii 25, capillares, oblique patentes, saepe curvati, angulares, compressi, laeves, 1 2V 2 cm longi Spiculae solitariae, lanceolatae, oblongo-lanceolatae vel fere lineares, valde compressae, acutae, dense pluriflorae, 37 (denique usque ad 12) mm longae, 11 1 / 4 mm latae Rhachilla anguste exaete distichae, membranaceae, alata Glumae oblique erectae, ovatae, acutae, muticae vel minute apiculatae, acute carinatae, carina fere recta, dense pubescentes, nervo unico in apicem excurrente, ferrugineae, marginibus dilutioribus, mm longae, 112 mm latae; glumae inferiores 2 vacuae, minores Stamina 2; antherae oblongo-lineares, 0406 mm longae, eonneetivo in appendiceal brevem ovatam producto Stylus _rj gracilis, triqueter, ad basin pyramidato-incrassatus, glaber, 1 mm longus, stigmatibus 3 quam stylus multo brevioribus Nux obtuse trigona, oblongo-obovata, humiliter umbonulata, hand verruculosa, breviter stipitata, cellulis extimis transverse linearibus 34-serialibus longitudinaliter striata et transverse lineolata, primo alba denique brunnescens, mm longa, mm lata Maiat Peninsula K e d a h, P Langkawi, Batu A yarn, 19, 1941: E J II Corner sn (type) (SING) on limestone scree, Nov 28 Fimbristylis fimbristyloides ( v M) Druce, Rep Bot Exch CI Br Isl 1916, 1917, 623; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 221 Abildgaardia fimbristyloides v M, Fragm Phyt Austral 8, 1874, 273 dallachyi v M ex Benth, Fl Austr 7, 1878, 309; Backer, Bekn Fl Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, 18 lacei Turr, Kew Bull 1911, 348 etiam ? disticha (non Boeck) Klik, Bot Jahrb 59, 1925, 50, an straminea (non Turr) Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 574; Mem Coll Se Kyoto Imp Univ B 18, 1944, 60, ex descr Among its allies fimbristyloides is well characterized by its nuts being abruptly truncate at the base The leaves are strongly falcate all Fig 4 Fimbristylis vanoverberghii Kük a Habit, X ½; b spikelet, X 5 ; c glume, X 10; d style and e stigmas, X 10; nut, X 10; f anthers, X 10; g tip of leaf, X 10 Fig 5 Fimbristylis calcicola Kern 7782 LörzingFrom (BO) a Habit, X 2/3; b spikelet, X 15; e glume, opened out, X 15; d glume, lateral e view, X 15; flower, X 15; f nut, X 15; g tip of anther, strongly enlarged; h rhachilla, X 15; i tip of leaf, X 10; j cross-section of stem, X15 Corner sn (SING) From

21 ~ 130 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 in the same direction (to the right or to the left), thus giving the rosette a peculiar twisted The distribution of the appearance species is very insufficiently known Probably it ranges from Queensland through Malaysia and Birma to S Korea and the Kin Kiu Islands I have not seen the specimens cited by Ohwi (1938, but 1944), the description can only refer to fimbristyloides ; although closely related, straminea Turr certainly is a distinct species of lacei Turr) (K) SUMATRA Ei Coast Res, Toba plateau: Sohns 56 (BO); Karolands WSW of Mt Sinabung, near Tandjung, 825 m: Lorzing 9028 (BO); Bila, vicinity of Rantau Parapat: Bahmat si Boeea 1708 (BM, NY, US), 1898 (Nï, P) ; Rantau Parapat : Bahmat si Boeea 2649 (NY), 2806 (NY, US) Aer Kandis near JAVA West Java, Indramayu, Plosokerep, teak forest area, on moist swamp iron-ore, in open grassland, with Drosera indica, 10 m: Van Steewis 7520 (L) ; near Terisi, 25 m: Van Steenis 8208 (L) Central Java, Kediri, Kenongo: Coert 1741 pp (L) Madura, Arosbaya, Imperata fields, 25 m: Backer (BO, L, U) Kangean Arch, Kangean I, Tjangkramaan, Imperata field, 20 m: Backer (BO) ; Ardjasa, moist grassfield, 25 m, one specimen among adenolepis Kern: Backer pp (BO) BR N BORNEO, Tenom, "Residency", burnt clearing paths, 240 m: Gibbs 2771 (syntype of lacei Turr) (BM, K) GELEBES Bes Menado, subdiv Kolone Dale, open barren way just beyond the Sokita, 50 m: Eyma 3381 (L) NEW GUINEA ÏW New Guinea, Hollandia, hills, 011 paths, open through plain, localities, and in Imperata fields, 200 m: Van Boyen 4124 (L) NE New Guinea, Ramu Valley: Bogers 3008 (GH) ; Ramu R: Schlechter (K, P), sn (L) ; Samboga River, near Buna: Baim sn (BO) Papua, Centr T>iv, Bona, Laloki R, common, wet places on open grassy hillside, 450 m: Brass 3576 (BO, GH, L, NY) AUSTRALIA Queensland, ad oram Rockingham's Bay: Dallachy sn (type) (K) 29 Fimbristylis intonsa S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 221, f 2 This species recently described from New Guinea, Papua ( Brans 7841, type-coll, in BM, GH, U!) occurs also in North Sumatra SUMATRA E Coast Res, Prapat, in Themeda- fields, scattered among tall grasses, 1000 m: Beumee A 446 (BO) ; vicinity of Rantau Parapat, Bila: Bahmat si Boeea 1796 (L, NY, US) Tapanuli, along the Toba trail north of the Asahan R, between Tutupan and Si Makkuk: Bartlett 7535 (US) ; waterfall, moist localities, 975 m: Lorzing 10021A Asahan valley, above Wilhelmina (BO) BIRMA Upper Chindwin Distr, Sittung, Tainmu Road: Lace 4210 [syntype 30 Fimbristylis disticha Boeck, Linnaea 38, 1874, 393; C B Clarke PI Br Ind 6, 1893, 651 Gen IC 7, 1912, 124 fuscoides (non C B Clarke) Camus, Fl The only records for Malaysia (NE New Guinea), are those by Kiikenthal Jahrb (Bot 59, 1924, 50; 69, 1938, 258) Schlechter (K, P!) on which the first record was based, belongs to fimbristyloides ( v M) Druce The second record, based on Clemens 4312, which I have not becomes seen, very doubtful Balansa 189 from Tonkin, Ouonbi (P!), as disticha in Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 125, appears to belong to the remote leptoclada Benth On the other hand, Godefroy 908 from Cochin China, Phu-quoc (P!), and Pierre sn from Cochin China (P!), represent typical disticha; both collections were referred to fuscoides C B Clarke (Camus 1 c, 124) which is also quite distinct from disticha disticha ranges from India and S China through Indo China and

22 J H KERN: Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaceae ~ Tenasserim to N Sumatra The Sumatran specimens agree perfectly with those of the type-collection (~Heifer 6143/1) in the Leiden Herbarium SUMATKA T a p a n u 1 i, Lalang bench south of the Asahan R, between a point above Tangga and Parduaan, Habinsaran: Bartlett 8049 (NY, US) ; Habinsaran Plateau, ESE of Toba Lake, open grassy plains, m: Lorzing 6506, 6507, 6646 (BO) ; Rahutbosi Dolok, 1200 m: Van der Meer Mohr 151 (BO) 31 Fimbristylis sieberiana Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 237; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 118; Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 326 ferruginea (non Vahl) Decne, Nouv Ann Mus Hist Nat Paris 3, 1834, 352; Herb Timor Descr 1835, 34 ferruginea var sieberiana (Kunth) Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 17; Chermez, Fl Madag fam 29, 1937, 181 paucispicata v M, Fragm Phyt Austral 1, 1859, 197 ferruginea var foliata Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 312, excl Vahl et tristachya R Br, 1 c syn arvensis Closely allied to ferruginea (L) Vahl, but in my opinion a well characterized species The differences between the two were already clearly given by Kunth (1837) LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS Timor: Lesohenault (K, L, P) ; W Timor, Tjamplong, 250 m: Proppe 24 (BO); Port Timor, Caicoli, brackish marsh behind Dili, in erect tufts as those of a Juncus, c 1 m tall: Van Steenis (L) PHILIPPINES MINDANAO, COTABATO PROV, BUAYAN: Bamos $ Edano BS (OH) AUSTRALIA Upper Victoria River: v Miiller (type of paucispicata v M; lectotype of ferruginea var foliata Benth) (K) ; Springsure, Wnth (K) 32 Fimbristylis pubisquama Kern, nom nov compressa Boeck, Linnaea 38, 1874, 387; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 639; Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 108, non R et S, Syst Veg 2, 1817, 100 Only one Indochinese collection of this rare species by Camus has been reported In the Paris Herbarium I have seen the collections cited below The species has to be renamed on account of Roemer and Schultes's earlier homonym INDO CHINA Cochin China: Thorel 465 (P), Pierre sn (P) ; marais aux environs de Saigon, juin 1864: Lefevre 485 (P) 33 Fimbristylis tristachya R Br, Prodr 1810, 226; Kunth En Plant 2, 1837, 242; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 108 marianna Gaudich in Freyc, Voy Bot 1826, 413, excl varr; Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 236; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 109; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 124; Kiik, Bot Jahrb 59, 1924, 5; S T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 212 bispicata var monostachya Nees in Hook J Bot 6, 1854, 29 polymorphs var c Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 16 nutans (non Vahl) Naves, Nov App 1882, 307; Vidal, Phan Cum Philip 1885, 156; Rev PI Vase Filip 1886, 284 maxima K Schum in Schum & Hollr, Fl Kaiser Wilh Land 1889, 24, non Schum & Laut, Fl Deut Schutzgeb Suds 1901, 196 subbispicata (non Nees) C B Clarke, Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 92, inch var caesia quoad specim cit; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 126 1, 1910, 245; Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 95 Fl Gen I 1, 1910, 291; C 7, 1912, 112 annamica Camus, Not Syst alleizettei Camus, Not Syst marianna var foenea Kuk in Fedde, Rep 16, 1920, 432; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 124 podocarpa (non Nees) Ridh, Fl Mal Pen 5, 1925, 155 schoenoides

23 ~~,, (BM, 132 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1965 (non Vahl) Backer, Onkruidfl Jav Suikerrietgr 1928, 159, pp; Bekn Fl Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, 23, pp Fimbristylis tristachya extends from India to Micronesia and Australia It is widely distributed in Malaysia, but was generally confounded with the allied schoenoides (Retz), from which it can always be distinguished by the characters given in the key on p 155 It is much nearer to and possibly not specifically distinct from subbispicata Nees & Mey ex Nees, occurring in E Asia (China, Korea, Formosa, Japan, Riu Kiu Islands) of marianna MAJUANNAIS : GmuUchaud sn (type Gaudicih) (P) IXDO CHINA Tonkin, Quang Yen: d'alleizette 314 (type of alleizettei Camus) (P) A nn am, Lang-bian: Andre sn ( type of annamica Camus) (P) SUMATRA E Coast Res, Si Maiwii An gin, on the Sungei Kanan: SaJtmat si (NY, UB) Boeea 4080 MALAY PENINSULA Setu 1, heaths: Ridley (BM, K, SING) Perlis, Kanga: Ridley (SING), sn (BM) Kedah, Alor Sta, rice-fields, Ridley (BM, K, SING) Selangor, Ampang: Hume 7383, 7847, 7891 (K, SING) ; Kuala Lumpur, swamps: Hume 7711 (SING); Salak S Road: Seimimd sn (K) Singapore: Corner sn (SING), Holttum SF37798 (BO, SING), Sinclair SF (BO, L, SING) JAVA W Java, Cheribon, forestry Indramayu, 2030 M: Van Steenis 6698 (BO, L, SING) ; forestry Plosokerep, 30 m: Fan Steenis 7484 (BO, K, L), 7510 (BO, L) Java, Madiun, Gendingan, grassfield in teak forest, 70 m: Backer 30377; E Surabaya, G Sahari, grassfield, 30 m: Backer (BO, L) ; Darmo: Dorgelo 1644 pp Madura, experimental field: Lamdbouwopz Twndjnmg (BO) ; hills SW of 7 Ketapangdaja, Imperata field, 100 m: Backer (BO, L) ; between Sampan# and Rapa, Imperata field, 50 m: Backer (BO); hills NiW of Rapa, grassfields, 175 m: Backer (BO); Pamekasan, 25 m: Beumee A 887 (BO) LESSER STTICDA ISLANDS E S U m b a, Lea plain, swampy grassland, 500 m : De Voogd 25B1 (BO) Port Timor, plateau of Puiloro (Lautem), site of Mehara, on grassflats : Van Steenis (L) BORNEO : Barber 851 (K) ; Labuan: Hose 94 sn (S), (SAR) PHILIPPINES : Loher 747 (K) Palawan, Taytay: Merrill 9388 (BO, GH, K, L, NY, P, SING) Busuanga, Malbato: Marohe 480 (P) Luzon: Cuming 1418 (BM, PI, G, K, P) Ilocos Norte Prov, Burgos: Ramos (K, P) ; Bangui: Bamo» BS (BO, K, L, NY, P, US) ; Cagavan Prov : Ramos 7894 (US) ; Isabela Prov: Clemens 18080bis (L, NY), Rannos BS8074 (NY); Prov of Bulacan: Eamos PUI PI 1447 (BM, BO, G, GH, L, NY, P, SINIG) ; Manila: Merrill 9796 (BO, K, NY, P), Rogerson 1003 (US); AJlbay Prov, Pili Mot Springs: Mearns BS 8885 (BO, NY) B o h o 1: Ramos (G, SING) Guimara Is, Salvacion, Iloilo Prov: Soriano PNIÏ (L) Mindanao, Davao Prov, TihanVian : Edano PNH (L) CELEBES SW Celebes, NNE of Rapang, 75 m: Eymo 357 (BO, L TT) ; Wadjo, grassfields: Van Steenis (BO) SE Celebes, Rurabia: Elbert 3076 (L) ; Pundidaha, Imperata field, 100 m: Kjellberg 1189 (BO, L) NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, hills near Kiibaju R, swamp, 240 m: Van 7? oi/' " 4490 (L) ; Andjai, Imperata fields, 540 m: Fan Roy en 3964 (L) ; prob Dompta: Anang sn (BO, L) NE NEW GUINEA, grassv hills on Auigusta R: TTollrunn <9se (type-coll, of maxima- K Schum) (BO, P) Papua, W Div, Wuroi, Oriomo R, common all through savannahs, 1030 m: Brass 5734 (BO, OH, L) ; Lake Daviumbu, common on wet grass plains: Brass 7847 (BM, BO, GH U), 7878 BO, GH, K, TJ) AUSTRALIA Littora Novae Hollandiae intra tropioum: R Brown 5941 (type) (K) 34 Fimbristylis alata Camus, Not Syst 1, 1910, 244, f 13 12; Fl (Jen IC 7, 1912, 94, f 14, 12 Camus based this species on three Indochinese collections, all preserved in the Paris Herbarium: Laos, Phuoc-than: Thorel; Laos, Bassac: Thorel; Cochin China, Ti-tinh: Talmy His description is inaccurate in several

24 adnate to the lower part of the style, the style is glabrous, up to 2 mm Fig Sect J H KEEN: Florae Malesianae I'noursores X Cyperaoeae respects I fail to see the slender stolons described, the glumes are not fimbriate on the margins, there were never 2 stamens in the flowers I examined, the nut is not longitudinally striate, and there are always 2 stigmas Besides, the specimens being not conspecific, Camus's description represents, moreover, a mixture of characters pertaining to two clearly distinct taxa In Thorel sn from Bassac, apparently an annual plant, the spikelets are 13 cm X 3 mm, the glumes very broadly ovate, about 4 mm long and wide, the ovary is broadly winged in the upper part with the wings long, the anthers are 1V2 l 3 / 4 mm long, and the nut is distinctly winged, about l 3 / 4 mm long, with a stipe about In " Thorel sn V 4 ' mm long from Phuoc-tan and in Talmy sn from Ti-tinh, both perennials with a woody rhizome, the spikelets are l 1 /,3 1 /,, cm X 4 5 mm, the glumes ovate, 67 mm long, 4y2 5 mm wide, the wings of the ovary not adnate to the style, the style is fimbriate in the upper half, 3V 4 mm 2 long, the anthers are 2y 3 mm long, the nut is indistinctly a winged, 2 mm long, with a stipe y 2 3 / mm 4 long To the Talmy specimens Camus remarked "fruit trés jeune et non ailé pour cette cause" However, the wings are more distinctly visible in immature nuts than in mature ones In the ovary they are thinly membranous and finely transversely striate, in the mature nuts they are indurate and often only discernible by the transverse striation different from the reticulation of the nut proper I choose Thorel sn from Bassac for the lectotype of alata Camus, and I appoint Thorel sn from Phuoc-tan to be the type of a related new species, subalata Kern INTO CHINA Laos, Bassac, expedition du Md-Kong: Thorel sn in (lectotype) (P; dupl in L) 35 Fimbristylis subalata Kern, spec nov Dichelostylis Benth 2 Herba perennis, glabra, rhizomate lignoso breviter repente, vaginis ovatis striatis fuscis cineto, usque ad 4 em longo Culmi approximati vel fasciculati, tenues, obtuse trigoni, striato-sulcati, laeves, ad basin vaginis fuscis eincti, 5065 cm alti, c 1 mm crassi Folio pauca, culmo subbreviora, ereeta, rigida filiformia, acuta, laeves vel ad - apicem scaberula, V 2 3 / mm A lata, marginibus involutis; ligula brevis, truneata, membranacea Inflorescentia 1-spiculata Spicula ereeta, elliptica vel oblonga, teres, acuta, multiflora, ferruginea, 1V-3V2 em longa, 45 mm lata Rhachilla anguste a lata Glumae spiraliter dispositae, chartaceae, adpressae, ovatae, obtusae, muticae vel inconspicue apiculatae, vix earinatae, nervo medio prominente, utrinque nervulis lateralibus c 10 percursae, 67 mm longae, 4V 25 mm latae marginibus in parte snperiore scariosis Stamina 3, antheris linearibus 2 1 / n 3 mm lon^is Stylus compressus, basi leviter dilatatus dimidio superiore fimbriatus, 3 1 / 24 mm longus, 0304 mm latus, stiffmatibus 2 quam stylus brevioribus Ovarium membranaceo-alatum Nux biconvexa, obovata, gvnophoro conspieuo 1 / i, 3 A mm Ion go stipitata, ad apieem indistincte alata et insertione styli 0608 mm lato emarginata, laevis,

25 (tr)jl ~ " "" ~ " ~ " ' Descr ~ ~ (BO), 134 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 cellulis minutis hexagonalibus indistincte reticulata, 2 mm longa, mm lata SlAM Kanchanadit, Surat, in savannah, 5 m: A Kerr (K, L) INIX) CBONA Laos, Phuoc-than: Thorel sn in (type) (P) ; Cochin China, Ti-tinh: Talmy sn (P) Cambodia, Kadak, kil 21 de Kampot, de route Ream, herbe en bordure de la route, sol sableux peu inonde: Poilame pp (P) NEW GUINEA Papua, Western Div, Lake Daviumbu, Middle My R, small wiry tufts, scattered on wet grass plains, Sept 1936: Brass 7846 (OH) 36 Fimbristylis caesia Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 315 subbispicata Nees var caesia (Miq) C B Clarke, Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 92, haud quoad specim cit monostachya (non Hassk) Backer, Onkruidfl Jav Suikerrietgr 1928, t 174, non al emend Sect Dichelostylis Benth Herba glabra, probabiliter annua Cuhni fasciculati, erecti, obtuse eompresso-trigoni, striati, laeves, ad basin foliati, 2040 cm alti, V 1 mm 2 crassi Folia culmo multo breviora, plana, apice obtusa, marginibus superne scabra, caeterum laevia, supra celluloso-reticulata subtus pluristriata unicostulata, glaucescentia, 1 iy mm 4 lata, laminis intus ad basin ligula truncata brevissima eiliolata a vagina distincte separatis; vaginae pallide virentes, laeves, striatae, vix earinatae, 25 cm longae Anthela 13- spiculata; radii si adsunt brevissimi, usque ad 1 cm longi Bracteae involucrales glumaceae vel setaceae, 310 (rarius usque ad 40) mm longae Spiculae solitariae, oblongo-ovatae, teretes, acutissimae, densiuscule pluriflorae, saepe tortae, pallide stramineae et brunneo-variegatae, 1020 mm longae, 34 mm latae Rhachilla anguste alata Olumae spiraliter dispositae, chartaceae, adpressae, late deltoideo-ovatae, obtusae, mucronulatae, vix earinatae, plurinerviae, marginibus scariosis, 4V 5 mm longae, 4 mm latae Stamina 3, antheris linearibus 1 mm longis, conneetivo in appendicem brevem byalinam laevem producto Stylus compressus, latiusculus, basi leviter dilatatus, 2 mm longus, marginibus dimidio superiore ciliatis; stigmatibus 2 quam stylus multo brevioribus Nux biconvexa, obovatoelliptica, gynophoro eonspicuo 3 / mm t longo stipitata, ad apieem insertione styli c 05 lato mm truncato-emarginata, cellulis extimis minutis rotundis haud impressis reticulata, straminea, l 1 / 2 mm 2 longa, 1113 mm lata A well characterized species, neglected or misunderstood since it was published hy Miquel Loher 747, which according to Clarke (1907) "appears to match exactly the authentic example of caesia Miq" belongs to tristachya R Br JAVA, in oryaetis: Bhime sn (L) W Java, Batavia (= Djakarta): Jnnghnhn SSg (type) (L), sn rather dry, 50 ni: between Dawuhan and KaJari, among grasses along roadside, De Wit 4095 (L) Central Java, Gheribon, Nunuk-T jihaur, brushwood and grassy plains: Van Steems (BO, L, SING); Semarang, near Kedungdjati, edge of rice-field on heavy clay, 75 m: Bewmie A_ 223 dry road-side, abundant, 110 m: common, 175 m: ; Surakarta, Booker (BO, L) E Java, Purwodadi, very Coert 500 (BO, L) ; Surabaya, old rice-field: Dorgelo 1664, pp Tampung, Kedawung, E of Pasnruan, heavy blackish brown brackish moist clay: Kooper sn (L) _ - (L); PHILIPPINES LUZON, Manila: MaoGregor 70 (K) ; Pangasinan Prov: Smnos BS 49S0 (L, NY, P, US); Prov of Rizal, San Pedro Macati : Merrill Phil PI 507 (PI, G, U, US)

26 Scirpus Sect Scirpus Fig J H KEEN: Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaceae Fimbristylis bisumbellata (Forsk) Bub, Dodec 1850, 30; C B C Fiseher, Kew Bull 1935, 149; Fl Madras 11, 1936, 1898, in corrig; Ohwi, Mem Coll Sc Kyoto Imp Univ B 18, 1944, 85 Forsk, Fl Aeg-Arab 1, 1775, , 287, pp; Kunth, bisumbellatus dichotoma Vahl, En Plant 2, En Plant 2, 1837, 225, pp; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 12, pp; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 635; Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 93; Koord, Exk Fl Java 1, 1911, 199; Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 102, pp pallescens Roxb, Fl Ind 1, 1820, 229 pallescens (Roxb) Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind 1834, 101; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 111 bisumbellata, widely distributed in the Old World Tropics and extending to the temperate regions, is extremely rare in Malaysia It is only once recorded, viz for the Philippines by Clarke (1907) as dichotoma, which record Merrill (1923) wrongly referred to annua (All) R & S (= dichotoma Vahl, non Clarke) Clarke, 1 c, is of the opinion that bisumbellata is only distinguishable from dichotoma by characters of trifling importance However, I always find the much smaller spikelets, the smaller, membranous, mucronate, sharply keeled glumes, the much shorter style, and the smaller nut sufficiently differentiating characters MALAYA, probably Borneo: Lobb sn (BM) ; wrongly localized? JAVA: iaibttlardilre sn (FT); res Surabaya, Modjokerto, along Brantas R, 15 m: Badermacher sn (L) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Prov of Cagayan: Castillo BS (BM) ; Isabela Prov: Clemens (NY) ; Nueva Eciia Carranglang, sandy river bar: Merrill 261 (BO, US); Luzon central: Loher 1342 (P, US) 38 Fimbristylis merrillii Kern, spec nov squarrosa (non Vahl) Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 126, pp annua var gracilis Backer, Onkruidfl Jav Suikerrietgr 1928, 160, pp; Bekn Fl Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, p 21, pp Fimbristylis 6 Annua Culmi fascieulati erecti, tenues, compresso-trigoni, laeves sursum saepe paree pubeseentes vel glabrescentes, ad basin foliati, (2)15 30 ( 40) em alti V 21 mm crassi Folia eulmo 23-plo breviora, plana, acutiuscnla vel obtusiuscula, supra celluloso-reticulata, subtus nervata interdum pubeseentia, 515 cm Ion ga, 12 mm lata, marginibus saepe ciliolatopuberulis apicem versus spinuloso-scabris, laminis intus ad basin serie ciliolarum a vagina separatis; vaginae nlerumque glabrescentes, in parte priore membranaceae, ferrugineae Anthela simplex vel composita, diffusa, laxa, plurispiculata, rarissime ad spiculam singulam reducta, plerumque 35 (10) cm Ion ga et lata Bracteae involucrales 13, oblique erectae, quam inflorescentia breviores vel ei longitudine aequales, ad basin dilatatam plerumque ciliato-puberulae, ima 13(6) cm longa Anthelae radii pauci vel plures (usque ad 8), graciles, oblique ascendentes, glabri laevesque, 1 408) cm longi Spiculae_ solitariae, ovatae vel ovato-oblongae, teretes aeutae densiuscule pauci-plnriflorae, Rhachilla anguste alata n Glumae 37 mm longae, l 1 /, 2 mm latae spiraliter dispositae, undique imbrieatae, adpressae, subchartaceae, late ovatae acutiuseulae, minute mueronulatae vel submutieae, vix earinatae, glabrae laevesque, nitidae, 2 mm 1V2 c V/ 2 mm latae, dorso trinervio, lateribus rufo-brunneis, marginibus vix albo-scariosis Stamina 1(2), antheris oblongis vel breviter linearibus,

27 a 136 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 Fig 6 Fimbristylis merrillii Kern Habit, X 3/5; b spikelet, X 6; c glume X 12; d flower, X 12; e style and stigmas, X 12; f anther, X 12; g-h stigmas, X 25; i-j nuts, X 12; k outer cells of nut From Ramos 1431 (NY)

28 J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaoeae (BO); - ~ _ (BO) V 3v mm longis <i/zws tenuis, compressus, basin versus dilatatus, marginibus non vel vix extenuatus, glaber vel ad bifurcationem ciliis 14 perparee eiliatus, 3 / 4 1 mm longus, stigmatibus 2 tenuibus brevi'bus Nux biconvexa, obovata vel late obovata, breviter stipitata, umbonulata, non vel parce verruculosa, primo albida, denique straminea vel brunnescens, mm longa, 0507 mm lata, utrinque longitudinaliter 56(9)-striata, transverse multilineolata, eellulis extimis impressis transverse oblongis trabeculata I have taken up the name provisionally given by Palla in 1913 to some specimens of this species in the Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden, labelled "Philippines" All other data concerning these specimens lacking, I have chosen Ramos Phil PI 1431 as the type collection Fimbristylis merrillii is closely related to dichotoma (L) Vahl, from which it is apparently markedly distinct, however It is much smaller in all its parts, with narrower leaves, and can be at once distinguished by the narrower spikeiets only l 1 / 2 2 mm wide and the glabrous or almost glabrous style The only extra-malaysian collection I have seen is from Yunnan CHINA Yunnan, marais, Chouang che teou pies Ta pin tze: Delavay 4821 (L, P) SUMATRA Atjeh, Ketol Valley, m: Jochems sn (L) JAVA Without precise locality: Zollinger it sec 3796 (DM, PI, G, P) West Java, Tjidjantung near Djakarta, cassava-plantation, 40 m: Beumee 900 (BO); Bogor: Fer riage sn (L) ; Palabuan Ratu, 10 m: Koorders d (BO); Indramayu, Flosokerep, teak forest area, on moist swamp iron-ore in open grassland, with Drosera indica, 10 m: Tan Steenis 7520a (BO) Central Java, Pekalongan, forestry Margjjsari, teak forest, swampy places and shallow pools, 100 m: Bevmee 5198 bank of Kali Garam, swamp, 60 m: Docters van Leeuwen 1218 Semarang, (BO, L); Semarang, Rangkong, hills, among grasses: Docters van Leeuwen sn (BO) ; Klaten, Ngupit Estate: Ostendorf sn (BO) East Java, between Bangil and Modjokerto, rice-field, 15 m: Backer (L) ; Grisee: Dorgelo 3304 (L) ; Kediri: Coert 1741 pp temporarily moist localities in open savannah, 50 ra: ~ Bappard 142 _ W Baluran, Madura Tanah merah, dry rice-field, 50 m: Backer (BO) ; same locality, Imperata field, 50 m: Backer (BO) ; between Rapa and Karang Pinang, Imperata fields, m: Backer sous (BO, L) ; Pagantenan, sandy fields, 300 m: Backer (BO); hilly country N of Sumenep, rice-field, 50 m: Backer (BO) Kangean Archipelago Kangean Isl, Tambajangan: Backer 2747Tb (BO); Paliat Isl, teak forest, 10 m: Backer (BO, L) LESSER SLTJDA ISLANBS Tenimber, P Jamdena, 15 km ENE of Otimmer, primary forest with wild cattle, low: Buwalda 4547 (K) Melaleuca forest surrounded by PHILIPPINES Luzon, Prov Bataan, Lamao R, Mt Mariveles: Williams 45 & 64 (NY) : Zambales Prov: Bairn sn (GH) : Prov of Bulacan: Ramos Phil PI 1431 (type-ooll, holotype in NY) (BM BO, G, GH, L NY, P, SING), 'Ramos 1443 pp (2 specimens among podocarpa Nees) (BO); Prov of Bulacan, Angat: Bamos CBO, K P) ; Prov of Rizal: Bamos BS (BM, P); Prov Lacuna, Los Banos, 90 m: Holman 54 (GH) Pa nay, Prov Ilo-Ilo, Miagas: Tidal 3984 CK) Mindanao, viêinitv of Tanculan, Bnkidnon Subprov: Fenir BS (NY, US) Parang, and in Celebes Bt Parangpeda, near Bonto among grasses brushwood, 70 m: Biinnemeijer (BO, L) ; NNE of Rapang, pasture near S Karadjae, 75 m: By ma 347 (BO, L) ; Pare-pare, o m: Kjellberg 3739a (BO) - NEW GUINEA Papua, Kanosia, by small stream in open savannah land, 15 m : Carr (L, NY), (BM, K, L, NY) Fig 7 39 Fimbristylis tenuinervia Kern, spec nov Sect Fimbristylis Probabiliter annua Culmi dense fasciculati, erecti, graciles, obtuse

29 138 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 trigoni, subcompressi, tcnuiter sulcati, glabri laevesque, ad basin foliati, cm alti, c l/ mm crassi Foliorum 2 laminae culmo V 3 breviores vel ei longitndine aequales, subfiliformes, acutae, glabrae, c 1 mm latae, intus ad basin serie pilorum alborum a vagina separatae, marginibus saepe involutis apicem versus antrorse paree scaberulis; vaginae glabrae vel paree puberulae, in parte priore pallide membranaeeae, usque t'imbriato, ad 5 cm longae, ore oblique fisso dorso ecarinato Anthela composita vel subdecomposita, rarius simplex, perlaxa, (3)1035-spiculata, (2 )37 cm longa Bracteae involucrales 35, foliis consimiles, erectopatentes, ad basin dilatatam scariosomarginatae, glabrae vel ciliolatae, ima usque ad 10 cm longa Anthelae radii (2 )57, tenues, erecto-patentes, glabri laevesque, usque ad 4 cm longi; pedicelli filiformes, usque ad 1 em longi Spiculae solitariae, oblongo-lanceolatae, teretes, acutissimae, densiuscule pluriflorae, nitide brunneae, 45 mm longae, 1V 4 l x /2 Rhachilla anguste alata mm latae Glumae spiraliter dispositae, undique imbricatae, adpressae, subchartaceae, late ovatae, apiculatae vel minute mucronulatae, vix carinatae, glabrae, in parte superiore rufo-brunneae, basin versus dilutiores, 2V 2 3 / mm 4 longae, 22 1 / 2 mm 4 latae, nervo medio prominente, lateribus utrinque tenuiter 58-nervulosis et saepe a lineis 23 fuscis percursis, marginibus scariosis; glumae inferiores 23 vacuae, multo breviores Stamina Fig 7 Fimbristylis tenuinervia Kern a Habit, X ½; b spikelet, X 5 ; c glumes, X 10; d flower, X 10; e nut, X 10 Rogerson From 1005 (US) 3, antheris linearibus (1)l 1 / iy 4 2 mm longis, luteis, connectivo in appendicem brevem albo-hyalinam laevem producto Stylus tenuis, compressus, basin versus vix dilatatus, dimidio superiore fimbriatus, 1 J / / mm 4 longus, stigmatibus 2 quam stylus brevioribus Nux biconvexa, anguste obovata, breviter stipitata (gynophoro c 01 mm longo), cellulis extimis transverse ob-

30 J H KEKN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaceae longo-linearibus impressis trabeculata, utrinque longitudinaliter 46-striata, transverse multilineolata, humiliter umbonulata, alba vel pallide straminea, mm longa, 0506 mm lata Like the preceding this species belongs to the intricate section Fimbristylis [type species : dichotoma (L) Vahl] Prom the latter species it can be distinguished at once ;by the very small, narrow spikelets, the almost filiform leaf-blades, and the many-nerved glumes By the size of its spikelets it has much more resemblance with the following allies of dichotoma with trabeeulate nuts: bisumbellata (Forsk) Bub, perlaxa Ohwi, merrillii Kern and trichophylla Ridl bisumbellata has broader leaves, angular spikelets, 3-nerved much smaller thinly membranous distinctly mucronate keeled glumes, 1(2) stamens with much smaller anthers, narrower style, and smaller broadly obovate or obovate nuts In perlaxa the spikelets are somewhat larger, the glumes membranous, keeled, 3-nerved, the 2 stamens have oblong anthers V 1/ mm 3 2 long, and the nut is broadly elliptic, almost orbicular, with 1518 longitudinal ribs on each face merrillii is characterized by the smaller glumes, the quite or almost glabrous shorter style, the 1(2) stamens with oblong anthers 1 1 / / 3 long, the 3-nerved glumes, and the obovate or broadly obovate nuts trichophylla has a less developed inflorescence, somewhat broader 2 mm spikelets 22 1 /2 mm wide, the appendage of the connective setulose, the nut oblong-obovate, indistinctly trabeeulate with 1012 vertical rows of cells on each face; the leaves have no ligule Loher 756, 757, and 758 in the Kew Herbarium mounted on the same sheet, were all determined by Clarke in 1898 as diphylla, Vahl forma Malasica with the remark "With a very narrow nut, perhaps as good a claim to specific separation as several species hereabout can shew" In my opinion Loher 756 represents ordinary dichotoma, and Loher 758 belongs to alboviridis C B Clarke Clarke's remark can only refer to Loher 757 Loher 758 in the Paris Herbarium is identical with Loher 757 in Kew It is also determined by Clarke as diphylla Vahl forma Malasica As far as I know this name was never published PHILIPPINES Luzon, near Wack-Wack Country Club, 3 miles east of Manila, in dense mats on moist meadows, Aug 5, 1945, Clark T Rogerson 1005 (type) (US); Luzon centra]: Loher 757 Clarke) (K), 758 (P; the same number in K is alboviridis C B 40 Fimbristylis podocarpa Nees & Mey ex Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind 1834, 98, pp tvp; Nov Act Ac Nat Cur 19, Suppl 1, 1843, 77, pp; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 638; Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 94; 111 Cvp 1909, t 42, f 56; Koord, Exk Fl Java 1, 1911, 199: Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 107; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, squarrosa (non Vahl) Zoll, Syst Verz 1, 1854, 61, pp (specim glaucescentia) diphylla var pluristriata C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 637; 111 Cyp 1909, t 42, f 34 diphylla (non Vahl) K Schum & Laut, Fi Deut Schutzgeb Siids 1901, 196, quoad Lauterbach 348 annua var podocarpa (Nees) Ktik, Bot Jahrb 59, diphylla var podocarpa (Nees) Ktik, Bot Jahrb 69, 1938, 257

31 JAVA W JAVA, Djakarta, Kebajoran, grassfield, 30,m: Booker (HOI ; 140 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 Recorded by Clarke from "Malaya" (1893) and Luzon (1907) Kiikenthal (1924) recoided it from New Britain ( Dahl sn, seen), not and in 1938 from Papna, Central Division, Kanosia (Carr 11034)-, the specimens of the latter collection in the Leiden and New York Herbarium, however, belong to dichotoma (L) Vahl diphylla var pluristriata was said by Clarke (1893) to be a very common southern, especially Malay form I fail to distinguish between the specimens named by Clarke as podocarpa, and those he referred to diphylla var pluristriata There for are, instance, two sheets of Zollinger 113 in the Geneva Herbarium, one of which Clarke labelled podocarpa, Nees", the other diphylla, Vahl forma pluristriata, with numerous striae to the nut", both determinations dated July 1888; the specimens are quite identical MILAY PENINSULA Pahang, Simpai Sat, Ulu Tembeling, low alt: Henderson SF (BO, NY, SING) JAVA W«S t Java, ad vias pr Tjikoya: Zollinger 413 (FI, G, GH, L, P), 1591 (P) ; Cheribon, forestry Indramayu, grassfields, 2030 m: Van Steenis, 6693 (BO, GH, L, SING) East Java, Purwodadi, 175 m: Coert 499 (BO, L) Kangean Arch, Gelaman, swampy edge of ricefield, 20 m: Booker (BO) ; Ardjasa, edge of ricefield, 25 m: Backer (BO) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Prov of Pangasinan, Labrador, Mt San Isidro: Fénix (K, NY, P) Prov of Bulacan: PI (BM, BO, G, GH, L, P, 300%% ; Ramos Phil 1443 SING); Prov of Rizal, Morong: Ramos BS1 388 (BO, GH, NY, ITS) ; Manila: Loh pr 766 (K), Merrill BS 8013 (K, US), Merrill BS 9799b (NY) Bohol: Ramos BS (P) Leyte, 1% miles SW of Tacloban: Glass-man 514 (GH) P a n a y, Capiz Prov, Jamindan: Ramos # Edaho BS (BM, P) NEW GUINEA NE New Guinea, Morobe Distr, Bulolo R, 2 miles above Wau, 900 m: Van Royen 4309 (e= NGF5891) (L) New Britain, Gazelle Peninsula : Laiiterbacli 348 (BO, L) 41 Fimbristylis alboviridis C P> Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, ; J Linn Soc 34, 1898, 60 annua var pluristriata Backer, Bekn Fl Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, 21, non diphylla var pluristriata C B Clarke Clarke based this species on specimens from E Bengal: Griffith 6313, Jenkins 212, and J D Hooker 230, 203 Of these, I choose Jenkins 212 (K) for the lectotype Considered to be endemic in Assam, alboviridis appears to be rather widely distributed in Malaysia However, it is rare everywhere According to Clarke the outermost cells of the nut are arranged in 2530 longitudinal series on each face This is neither the case in the specimens determined by Clarke, nor in any of the Malaysian ones I have always found (12)16 vertical rows of cells MALAY PENINSULA Kedah, kp Naba, 30 m: Holltum (SING) ; Selan g o r, Tin jailg': Sinclair SF40131 (BM, BO, L, SING) Weltevreden : Backer sn (BO) ; Djakarta, near Duri station: Backer sn (BO) E Java Grati near Pasuruan 10 m: Backer 7693 (BO, L) ; G Semongkrong near Pasuruan, dry field, 25 m: Backer (BO) ; same locality, 50 m: Van Slooten 3438 (BO, K, L) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Murcia: D Merrill 20 (US); Luzon central: Joher 758 (K; the same number in P is tenuinervia Kern) 42 Fimbristylis trichophylla Ridl, Fl Mai Pen 5, 1925, 155; Henders, J Mai Br R As Soc 17, 1939, 86

32 J H KEKN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaoeae No less than three species of Fimbristylis are peculiar to the limestone rocks of P Langkawi, viz trichophylla Ridl, malayana Ohwi, and calcicola Kern Typical trichophylla, a very slender plant with thread-like stems and leaves hanging over the rocks or decumbent, seems to be restricted to P Langkawi MALAY PENINSULA Kedah, Langkawi, Telok Apan: Haniff 4" Nur 7077 (typecoll, holotype in SING-) (BM, BO, K, SING); Langkawi, Pulau Dayang, Bunting, tufted in limestone crevices at top of hill, always 'hanging or decumbent in tresses in soil among limestone-rocks in dty places, 240 m: Corner SF (BM, BO, K, L); Langkawi, Pulau Chupau, on ledges of limestone: Corner sn (SING, K) ; Langkawi, Selat Panchor, on limestone rooks in open places, 60 m: Henderson SF (BO, GH, K, SING) On several other limestone rocks in the Malay Peninsula, however, there occurs a Fimbristylis agreeing in almost every detail with trichophylla, but remarkable by the erect stems not drooping or decumbent, and the broader and stricter leaves It may be distinguished as: trichophylla Ridl var erecta Hjolttum ex Kern fusca Senders, J Mai Br R As Soc 17, 1939, 86 sp prox Culmi erecti, teretes vel obtuse trigoni Folia rigidiora, 11 1 / 2 mm lata Inflorescentia amplior, composita vel subdecomposita, rarius simplex, usque ad 20-spiculata Antherae l 1 / 2 2 mm longae The Pulu Langkawi specimens of var erecta have densely pubescent stems and leaves, the others are glabrous Of the specimens cited below SF is somewhat doubtful, the spikelets being slightly larger, the nuts broader, and the appendage of the connective smooth MALAY PENINSULA Kedah, Langkawi, Batu Ayam, on limestone screes: Corntr <ƒ- Namen SF (type-coll, holotype in SING) (BM, BO, K, L, SING); Gunong Baling: Corner tf- Nouen sn (SING) Kelantan, Gua Teja, S on Betis, dry limestone, m: Henderson SF (SING, K) Pahang, summit Gunung Senyum, 480 m: Henderson SF88859 (K, SING) Selangor, Bukit near Takun, Ranching, on the limestone rocks, 150 m: Nur SF (SING) 43 Fimbristylis rigidula Nees in Wight, Contr Bot Ind : in Hook J Bot Kew Misc 6, 1854, 29; Steud, Syn 2, 1855, 116; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 640; Philip J Sc 2, 1907, Bot 95; 111 Cyp 1909, t 42, f 78; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 125, pp min ferruginea (non Vahl) Vidal, Phan Cum Philip 1885, 156; Rev PI Vase Filip 1886, 284, pp The first record for the Philippines is that of Nees (1854), based on Cuming 1396 (396 is obviously a misprint) Of the specimens cited by Merrill (1923) I have not seen Ramos BS7856-, MacGregor BS and Ramos BS belong to insignis Thwaites Only MacGregor BS is true rigidula Some additional collections are enumerated below Luzon: 1396 PHJLTPPINES Cuming (BM, PI, G, K) ; Vizcaya, Prov of Nueva vicinity of I>upax: MaeGregor BS (BM, K, L, P) ; Nueva Ecija, wet open soil near Carranglang: Merrill 814 (BO) Mindanao, Cotabato Prov, Buayan: Kaïnos $ Edono BS (GTH) 44 Fimbristylis semarangensis Ohwi, Blumea 8, 1955, 106, f 8 annua var gracilis Backer, Onkruidfl Jav Suikerrietgr 1928, 160, pp; Bekn Fl Java (em ed) 10, 1949, fam 246, p 21 pp

33 ? 142 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1966 In the Bogor Herbarium I found another collection of this species, not seen by Ohwi It agrees in all details with the type, and was also collected on saline soil CENTRAL JAVA Rem bang, mu dwells Kesongo, low alt: Van Steenis 174S3 (BO, L) 45 Fimbristylis griffithii Boeck, Flora 43, 1860, 241 aestivalis var glaberrima Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 11, saltern pp aestivalis (non Vahl) C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 637, pp; J Linn Soc 34, 1898, 59, pp; Ridl, Mat Fl Mai Pen 3, 1907, 92; Fl Mai Pen 5, 1925, 155 dichotoma (non Vahl) Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 102, pp aestivalis f glabra Kiik, Bot Jahrb 59, 1924, 49 Boeckeler's type specimen (Bengal, leg Griffith) in the Berlin Herbarium got lost during the war The original description perfectly matching the specimens cited below, I have appointed a neotype: Griffith 6331 in the Kew Herbarium Boeckeler, 1 c, compared his specimen with the description of limosa Poepp et Kunth ex Kunth, a species unknown to him Later he annotated the specimen of griffithii, Kamphoevener 2785 in the Copenhagen Herbarium, ßas follows: Fimbristylis (Eufimbr) aestivalis (Vahl) glaberrima = limosa Poepp et Kunth" I have not seen the S American limosa It seems, however, very doubtful whether it is conspecific with griffithii, as Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 225, ascribes obovate-pyriform often verruculose nuts and purplish leaf-sheaths to it In Clarke's opinion limosa might be regarded as a variety of aestivalis, but it should be borne in mind, that Clarke did not distinguish at all between griffithii and aestivalis, two clearly distinct species aestivalis, occurring in Sumatra, W and C Java, N Celebes, and the Philippines, is unknown from the Malay Peninsula All specimens of aestivalis cited by Ridley, and all specimens from the Malay Peninsula in the Singapore Herbarium, belong to griffithii I have not seen Ridleji 43 from Pahang, cited by Clarke (1898) aestivalis f glabra Kiik was based on Ledermann 7321 from NE New Guinea I have not seen this collection BENGAL Calcutta: Bel Heifer 145 (C, L) (possibly wrongly localized) BIRMA and Malay Peninsula: Griffith 6331 (neotyye) (K) ; Lower Birma, Hlawga Lake, near or in water: TJ Them Lwin 44 (K) ANDAMANIS S And a mans, Putalang stream: Brain's coll 65 (U) ; _ Tenasserim and An damans: Heifer 6809 (K, L) SIAM Lower Siam, Champawn: Haniff 4" Nur 4868 (SING) INT>0 CHINA Tonkin, Haïphong, sur le bord des mares: Balamsa 818 (P) A Tina m, Tourane and vicinity: Clemens 8546 (P) Cochin China: Thorel 507 CP); Saigon: Germain 101 (P), Leoomte 4" Finet 8085 (P) ; Coy Cong: Pierre sn (P) SUMATRA Central Sumatra, near Langgan: Hoarders & (BO) ; Djambi, Sipin Lake: Bntten-Kooistra S 6 (BO, L) MALAY PENwrstnLA: Griffith 6811 (K); P e r a k, Kuala Temango: Bidley sn (SING); Tanjong Malim: Bidley sn (SING); Sambelong (= Sembilan) : K amphoev ener 2785 (C) Kelantan, Kota Bahru: Bidley sn (K) Trengganu, Bundi: Kostados 41 (SING) Pahang: Bidley 8 (SING), 48 (BM); Bintong: Burkill ft Haniff (SING); Kuala Pahang: Bidley sn (SING) ; Kuala Tambeling: Bidley sn (SING); on Pekan, sandy roadside: Burkill 4~ Haniff (SING); Katapang: Bidley 1868 (SING); Tasek Bera, on edge of lake: Henderson SF (BO,NY, SING) Malacca: Alvins 1158 (SING), Griffith sn (PI) Singapore: Burkill

34 - - - J H KERN: Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaceae SF 6641 (BO, L, SING), Cantley 3065 (SING), sn (K), Bidley 1739, sn (SING) JAVA W Java: T'jibinung, low meadows near lake, 90 m: Van Steems 3070 (BO, L) ; Nusagede in Lake of Pendjalu, 720 m: Koorders (BO, L); Tjipaku: Boerlage sn (L) BORNEO: Barber 88 (K) Sarawak, Tubao: Beccari PB 3736 (FI, G, K, P) ; Kapit, Upper Rejang R, riverbanks: Clemens (BM, BO, G-H, K, L, NY) West Borneo, Pontianak: Main 1813 (BO), Moh Enoh 318 (BO, L) S and SE Born o o, Bandjermassin: Motley 540 (K) ; Sampit, along river, 5 m: Buwalda 7908 (BO, L); Hayup: Hubert Winkler 8557 (BM, BO, K, P, SING) E and NE Borneo: Mahakam R near Melak, riverbank, 40 m: Posthnmus 2044 (BO) Br N Borneo: Penampang, wet padi-area, edge of path: Forster S4 (K) CELEBES Menado, near Taripa, swamp: Eyma 4089 (BO, L, SING, U); Kenclari, Puliara, swampy bank, 50 m: Kjellberg 738 (BO, L) MOLUCCAS V C e r a M, Waesamoe-Telaga SAW&u, 12 M: Eyma 8953 (BO) W NEW GUINEA Prauwen bivouac, riverbank, 60 M: Lam 891 (BO, K, L, SING) ; near Prauwen bivouac, in swamp, 90 m: Lam 1115 (BM, BO, K, L, SING) ; Bernhard bivouac, 50 m: Meyer Drees 544 (BO, K, L); Merau R, NE of Merauke, between Kweel and Un, loamy river bank and in the 40 water, m: Van Boyen 4688 Bupul, margin of shallow marshy lake, 40 m: Van Boyen 4805 (L) (L); near 46 Fimbristylis squarrosa Vahl, En Plant 2, 1806, 289; Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 224; Stead, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 110; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 10; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 635; Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 101, f 16, 36 In Malaysia only: var esquarrosa Makino, Bot Mag Tokyo 17, 1903, 47 velata R Br, Prodr 1810, 227; Kunth, En Plant 2, 1837, 243; Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 309 2, 1837, 243 propinqua R Br, Prodr 1810, 227; Kunth, En Plant makinoana Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 578; Mem Coll Sc Kyoto Imp Univ B 18, 1944, 83 squarrosa is intimately related to aestivalis (Retz) Vahl, with which species von Mueller, Fragm Phyt Austral 9, 1875, 11, united it Typical squarrosa is characterized by the 1 / 1 mm 2 long recurved macros of the glumes giving the spikelets a squarrose aspect, and by the long pendent hairs of the style-base closely appressed to the nut In var esquarrosa, however, the mucros are as short as those of aestivalis, so the long trichomes of the style-'base (absent or very short in aestivalis) remain the only reliable character to distinguish between the two species The style of squarrosa is slightly longer and the nut usually somewhat larger than those of aestivalis, and the plant is usually coarser, but these characters are too trifling to depend on The length of the mucros being the only difference I can find between squarrosa and its var esquarrosa, I think the taxonomical value of the latter is over-estimated in giving it specific rank According to N Tanaka (see Ohwi, 1944) the chromosome number in squarrosa is n= 10, in var esquarrosa n= 12 The species is new for Malaysia The collections mentioned by Merrill, En Philip Fl PI 1, 1923, 126, belong partly to aestivalis (Merrill 9566, Phil PI 2093), partly to merrillii (Fenix BS 26093) The Sumatra and Java plants grew together with aestivalis SUMATRA Samosir, Toba Lake, near Pangururan, moist sandy locality: Lörzing 7701, pp (BO, L) ; Toba Lake, near Balige: Lorzing 8054 (BO)- JAVA Res P r i a n g a n, Mt Patuha, Telaga Patengan, marshy meadows at margin of lake, 1600 m: Van Steenis 7450 (BO, L) PHILIPPINES Luzon, Prov of Cagayan: Curran FB16783 (BO, L, US)

35 Fig 144 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, Fimbristylis gracilenta Hance, J Bot London 6, 1868, 89; C B Clarke, J Linn Soc Bot 36, 1903, 237; Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 103 thorelii Camus, Not Syst 1, 1910, 246; Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 105 New for Malaysia The distribution of this species is insufficiently known A of all survey specimens examined is given below CHINA In arenosis graminosis insulae Danorum, Whampoae: Hance (BM, type ; P) ; Cant on: Sampson 919 (BM) INIX) CHINA Tonkin, entre Bat-bac et le mont Ravi: Balansa 2786 (P) Anna m, bonis du Song-Oau, Lang-Luong (Song-Ca-Lan) : Brousmiche 820 (P) Cochin China: Pierre sn (P) ; Thorel 537 ( type of thorelii Camus) (P) MALAYSIA N Sumatra, between Aek Bila and; Aek Marbau, open place in forest, 150 m: Lorzing 9751 (BO); vicinity of Rantau Parapat, Bila, Sum EC: Rah mat si Bore a 17SI (NY, US) 48 Fimbristylis spicigera Kern, sp nov 8 Perennis, omnibus partibus glabra Culmi stricte erecti, rigidi, fascicular, obtusanguli, sulcati, glabri laevesque, 1025 cm alti, 11V 3 mm crassi, ad basin foliati, inferne vaginis 35 cm longis cincti Folia culmo 23-plo breviora, erecta, capillacea, involuta, supra eelluloso-retieulata subtus leviter striata, acuta, ad basin 1 mm apicem versus 1 / 2 mm lata, eligulata, marginibus incrassatis apicem versus antrorse scaberulis, vaginis striatis ferrugineis in parte priore membranaceis Anthela stricte ereeta, angusta, braeteolis 2 brevibus 1 / 2 2 em longis suffultae, lineares, in sectione transversa rhomboideae, acutae, multiflorae, 1015 mm longae, 1 mm latae Glumae spiraliter subquadrifariam dispositae, tenuiter membranaceae, laxa, 820-spiculata, 614 cm longa Bracteae involucrales 23, foliis ccnsimiles, quam inflorescentia breviores, erectae, ad basin dilatatam scariosomarginatae, ima usque ad 9 cm longa Anthelae radii 23, erecti, glabri laevesque, spiciformes Spiculae solitariae, sessiles, erectae, rhachidi adpressae, erectae, adpressae, oblongo-ovatae vel ellipticae, carinatae, 22y 2 mm longae, 11 1 / mm latae, nervo medio prominente in mucronem V Vt mm longum 4 3 desinente, dorso ferrugineo, lateribus hyalinis Stamina (2)3, antheris obionfris V s (demum ad 1 / ) mm lon<?is, conneetivo in appendicem brevem 2 glabram producto Stylus tenuis, eompressus, ad basin dilatatus, gla'ber, 11 1 / 4 mm longus, stigmatibus 2 quam stylus paullo brevioribus NUT biconvexa, valde compressa, elliptica vel subobovata, breviter stipitata, baud umbonulata, laevis, pallide brunnea, mm longa, mm lata, cellulis extimis minutis rotundis vel ellipticis Mainly characterized by the inrolled thread-like leaves, indistincte reticulata the stiffly erect stems, and the very narrow anthela consisting of only 2(3) erect spikelike branches with appressed spikelets This peculiar appearance of the inflorescence is caused by the fact that consistently only one of the lateral axes is developed, each subordinate axis seemingly forming a prolongation of the main axis This species and the two following ones are related to those of Sect Pogonostylis They are, however, apparently perennials may be necessary to accomodate them into a separate section and in future it SLAM Paknam Songkram, Nakawn Panom, on sand-hank in river, alt e 200 m, May 7, 1082, A G Kerr (K, type-, L) INDO CHINA Laos, Luang-Prabang, expedition du Me-Kong : Thorel

36 J H KERN: Florae Malesianae Preoarsores X Cyperaoeae Fig 8 Fimbristylis spicigera Kern a Habit, X ½; b spikelet, X 5; c glume, X 10; d nut, X 10; e deflorate flower, X 10 From (K) Kerr Fig 9 Fimbristylis arenicola Kern a Habit, X 14; b spikelet, c X 5; deflorate flower, X 10; d e glume, X 10; stamen, X 10; f base of leaf-blade, X 2½ From Kerr (K)

37 Fig Fig 146 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, (L, P); entre Luang-Prabang et Vientiane, avril 1913: Joseph sn (L, svtb no ) 49 Fimbristylis arenicola Kern, sp nov 9 Perennis Culmi erecti, graciles, fasciculati, striato-sulcati, glabri laevesque, 1525 cm alti, 2/ 3 1 mm crassi, ad basin foliati, inferne vaginis 3 6 cm longis cincti Folia culmo duplo breviora vel longitudine ei subaequalia, erecta, plana, supra celluloso-reticulata subtus striata, acuta, 1 iy 2 mm lata, eligulata, sparse puberula, marginibus antrorse scaberulis, vaginis striatis puberulis ferrugineis in parte priore composita vel decomposita, membranaceis Anthela laxa, spiculata, 510 cm longa, 25 cm lata Bracteae involucrales 34, foliis consimiles, inflorescentia breviores vel paene eiusdem longitudinis, erectae, ad basin dilatatam scarioso-marginatae, ima 36 cm longa Anthelae radii 58, oblique erecti, glabri laevesque, usque ad 6 cm longi Spiculae solitariae, lineares, angulatae, acutae, raultiflorae, ferrugineae, 510( 15) mm longae, 11 1 / 4 mm latae Glumae spiraliter dispositae, tenuiter membranaceae, erectae, adpressae, oblongo-ovatae, carinatae, 2 mm longae, 1 mm latae, nervo medio prominente in mucronem Vi0 Vs mm longum desinente, dorso ferrugineo, lateribus hyalinis Stamina 3, antheris linearibus mm longis, conneetivo in appendicem brevem glabram producto Stylus tenuis, compressus, basin dilatatus, fimbriatus, l 1 / 4 mm longus, stigmatibus 2 ad quam stylus brevioribus Nux biconvexa, valde compressa, obovata, breviter stipitata, haud umbonulata, laevis, brunnea, 0607 mm longa, 045 mm lata, cellulis extimis minutis rotundis vel hexagonalibus indistincte reticulata Closely related to the preceding species, but the stems more slender, less rigid, the leaf flat, and hairy like the sheaths, the inflorescence broader, regularly anthelate (the rays not spiciform), the spikelets not rhomboid in cross-section, the mucros shorter, the anthers longer, the style fimbriate, and the nut slightly smaller SIAM Paknam Songkram, Nakawn Panom, 011 sand-bank in river, alt c 200 m, May 7, 1932: A G Kerr (type) (K) 50 Fimbristylis brunneoides Kern, sp nov 10 Perennis, omnibus partibus glabra Culmi fasciculati, erecti, graeiles, obtusanguli, suleati, laeves, 512 em alti, 1/ 1 3 / mm 2 crassi, ad basin foliati Folia culminibus subaequilonga, erecta, eapillacea, supra cellulosoretieulata, subtus paucinervata, acuta, eligulata, V3V 2 mm lata, marginibus incrassatis involutis, vaginis ferrugineis in parte priore membranaceis Anthela composita, laxa, angusta, 716-spiculata, 57 cm longa Bracteae involucrales 34, foliis consimiles, inflorescentia breviores vel paene eiusdem longitudinis, erectae, ad basin dilatatam scarioso-marginatae, ima usque ad 6 cm longa Anthelae radii 45, filiformes, glabri laevesque, usque ad 4 cm longi Spiculae solitariae vel 23 aggregatae, ereetae, anguste lineares, angulatae, acutae, laxe pluriflorae, 1525 mm longae, a/i 1 mm latae Glumae spiraliter dispositae, tenuiter membranaceae, erectae, adpressae, lanceolatae, carinatae, in dorso ferrugineo tenuiter 35-nervatae, 3 mm longae, 11 1 / 4 mm latae, nervo medio prominente in mucronem 1 mm Ion gum desinente, lateribus hyalinis Stamina 12, antheris linearibus mm longis, connective) in appendicem brevem glabram producto Stylus compressus, tenuis, ad basin vix dilatatus, glaber, l 1 / 1 3 / mm 2 4

38 J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaceae Fig 10 Fimbristylis brunneoides Kern a Habit, slightly reduced; b spikelet, X 4; c glume, X 17; d style and stigmas, X 17; e nut, X 17; f stamens, X 20 From Kerr (K)

39 Isolepis Gramen 148 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 longus, stigmatibus 2 quam stylus paullo brevioribus Nux plano-convexa, compressa, oblongo-obovata, breviter stipitata, haud vel vix um'bonulata, fusea, 0809 mm longa, 0304 mm lata, cellulis extimis impressis transverse oblongo-linearibus, in facie convexa 34-serialibus, trabeculata 78-serialibus, in facie plana Tihe habit is that of brunnea C B Clarke ex B G Camus, to which species it is certainly closely allied; it differs by the compound inflorescence, the somewhat narrower spikelets, the longer glumes with longer mucros, the longer style and anthers, and the very narrow nut In brunnea the anthela is simple, consisting of 35 almost sessile digitately arranged spikelets, the glumes are c 2 1 / mm 2 long with a mucro V 3 A mm long, the style is 1 mm long, the anthers are oblong only V 3 mm long, and the nut is more obovate, (04)05 mm wide Whereas in the allied spicigera and arenicola the nuts are smooth with roundish to elliptic not impressed outer cells, they are distinctly trabeculate by the transversely Oblong-linear impressed outer cells both in brunnea and brunneoides SIAM Paknam Song-kram, Nakawn Pamom, on sand-hank in river, alt c 200 m, May 7, 1032: A G Kerr (type) (K) 51 Fimbristylis acicularis R Br, Prodr 1810, 226; Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 301 polytrichum Rumph, Herb Amb 6, 1750, 17, t 7, f 1 setacea Benth in Hook Lond J Bot, 2, 1843, 239; Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 106; C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 632, pp; Philip J Sc 2, Bot, 1907, 91; Koord, Exk Fl Java 1, 1911, 198; Valck Sur, Nova Guinea 8, 1912, 702; Merr, En Philip Fl PI 1, S 1923, 126; T Blake, J Arn Arb 35, 1954, 208 acuminata var pumila Nees in Hook J Bot Kew Misc 6, 1854, 29 Abildgaardia brevifolia Steud, Syn Plant Glum 2, 1855, 72; Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 297 cochleata Steud, Syn 2, 1855, 100 acuminata var setacea (Benth) Miq, Fl Ind Bat 3, 1856, 314; Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 301; Kiik, Bot Jahrb , 47; ibid 69, 1938, 257 acuminata var minor Nees ex Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 4; Rolfe, J Bot 24, 1886, 59, in nota (sphalm acutifolia var minor )- bursifolia (sphalm) Vidal, Phan Cum Philip 1885, 156; Rev PI Vase Filip 1886, , 632 setacea var brevifolin (Steud) C B Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6 There is much confusion about this species, distribution and nomenclatorial both with regard to its Up to the present the Malaysian plants were generally known as setacea Benth This binomial was based on a Barclay collection from Ambon in the Kew Herbarium Bentham was well aware of the fact that his new species "diagnosis acicularis, Br paucis verbis differt", and added: "stamina non vidi" In the Flora Australiensis he reduced setacea to a variety of acuminata Yahl (which was already done by Miquel in 1856!) and gave the following key (p 298) : Stamen 1 Style glabrous acicularis Stamens 3 Style ciliate acuminata (var setacea)

40 J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaoeae The descriptions in the Flora Australiensis, p 301 do not give any other difference In the type-collection of acicularis in the British Museum the style is distinctly fimbriate in the upper part It may be remarked that this is quite in accordance with Brown's diagnosis: "stylo basi dilatata nuda" The number of stamens in all specimens of setacea (also in those of Ambon) is 1 or 2 I am unable to find any reliable difference between the type collection of acicularis R Br and that of setacea Bentli The two binomials appear to be synonymous, and acicularis is the correct name According to Blake, the correct trinomial of this plant, if treated as a variety of acuminata, would be acuminata var minor Miq However, Miquel did not make this combination; the mistake goes back to Clarke (1893) The correct varietal name would be acuminata var pumila Nees (1854), based on Cuming 675, "culmo capillari caryopsi duplo minore" In my opinion acicularis undoubtedly deserves specific rank; it should not be treated as a variety of acuminata Vahl, even less referred to the synonymy of the latter species, as was done by Clarke (Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 631) The type of acuminata Vahl ('C!) represents a clearly distinct species, widely distributed in SE Asia Clarke (1893) gives the distribution of setacea as follows: S Burma, Kurz, Singapore, Kurz, Ridley; Ambovna, N Australia The Birma and Singapore collections cited represent dwarfish specimens of acuminata This is also the case with Ridley 107, (wrongly as 1011), and 10829, cited by Ridley as setacea, and with all records in the Flora of the Malay Peninsula I have never seen acicularis from the "Western part of Malaysia nor from the Asiatic continent The species extends from N Australia through New Guinea, the Moluccas, and Celebes to the Philippines PHILIPPINES Luzon, Kias ; Prov Benguet: Williams 1968 (NY) ; Camp Stotsenburg (Mt Pinatubo), Pampanga Prov: Elmer (BM, BO, C, G, GH, K, L, NY, P, SING) ; Angat, Prov of Bulacan: Ramos BS (BO, GH, P, SING); Manila: Barthe sn (P) ; Prov of Rizal: Ahern's ooll FB SS90 (BO, K, NY, US); Prov Lagora, Cuming 675 (type-ooll of Abildgaardia brevifolia Steud, acuminata var pumila Nees, and acuminata var minor Boeek) (BM, C, FI, G, GH, K, L) ; Mt Mayon, Albay Prov: Robinson BS 6450 (P); Mayon Volcano, Albay Prov, secondary forest partly open along trail: Mendoza /'A// (L) CELEBES Makassar, kp Sambumgdjawa: Noerkas v (exp Vwuren) 33 (BO, L) Monu OCAS Halmaleira, Mt Dukono, W Tobelo, crater field: Begun% 2312 (BO) Buru, Wai Bken-Kabut, swampy Imperata, field, 250 m; Toxopeus 516 (BO) Robinson Ambon: d'urville sn (P) ; Barclay sn (type of setacea Benth) (K) ; Rant 619 PI Ru-mph Amb 438 (BM, BO, GH, K, L, NY, P, SING); Waai, beach: (BO, L) NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, ora australis: Koch (L, ) Papua, Western Division, Lake Daviumbu, Middle Fly R, savannahs, abundant on hard-pans and swamp margins: Brass 7531 A (G-H, TJ) ; Dam Island, abundant in flattened tufts on damp soil in savannalv-forests: Brass 6245 (GH) NE New Guinea, Ramu R: Sehlechter (BO); between Malolo-Mission and Salamaua: Clemens 4297 (GH); Samboga River, near Buna: Bairn sn (BO) Aru Islands, P Trangan, savannah: Buwalda 5357 (BO, L) AUSTRALIA Endeavour River, 1770: Banks 4' Solander (type) (BM) Sine loco: d'urville sn (type of Isolepis ooohleata Steud) (P)

41 Madura, Throughout Papua Madura, SE 150 BLUMKA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 II KEY TO THE MALAYSIAN SPECIES OF FIMBRISTYLIS la Spikelets terete or angular, not strongly laterally compressed Glumes spiral throughout 2 b Spikelets strongly laterally compressed Glumes (at least in young spikelets) distichous, the distichous arrangement in mature spikelets sometimes less pronounced by torsion of the rhachilla 73 2a Nut oblong-linear in outline (with almost parallel sides), subcylindrical, hardly compressed 3 b Nut orbicular, obovate, oblong-obovate, pyriform, or turbinate, biconvex or 3-sided 4 3a Leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths Stems terminated by a single spikelet, 1060 cm tall Spikelet 6IS X 46 mm Glumes muticous, 45 mm long Nut (without gynophore) V/ 2 mm long, trabeculate; gynophore conspicuous, Vs1 mm long Malaysia, very local tetragona R Br b Leaves capillary Stems 25 cm tall Inflorescence usually with several spikelets, rarely reduced to a single one Spikelets 36 X 23 mm Glumes mucronate, the blade about 1 mm long Nut 1 /~'/«mm long, obscurely transversely lineolate, sessile or almost so, when young covered with 2 rows of prominent clavate glands Bawean, E Borneo, Philippines, C Celebes, Papua dipsacea (Rottb) C B Clarke 4a Stigmas 3 (rarely in a few flowers 2) Nut trigonous of triquetrous, if dorsoventrally compressed with a raised, dorsal angle 5 b Stigmas 2 Nut strongly dorsoventrally compressed, 2-sided, biconvex or planoconvex 40 5a Glumes with long-ciliate margins 6 b Glumes not (or only microscopically) ciliate 11 6a Stems terminated by a single spikelet 820 X 56 mm Stem scabrous Glumes 57 X 3'/{4 mm Nut about l'/ 2 mm long and wide, pyriform Leaves 23 mm wide recta M Bail b Spikelets often more than 1, always much smaller Stem smooth or only slightly scaberulous Glumes and nuts smaller 7 7a Nut turbinate, often slightly depressed at the apex, with about 10 transverse wrinkles, about 1X1 mm Leaves setaceous, hispidulous Spikelets 15 to the stem Glumes densely short-pubescent, with strong midnerve Wetar, Luzon hispidula (Vahl) Kunth b Nut neither turbinate nor transversely wrinkled, smooth or verruculose, smaller Leaves glabrous Spikelets usually 3 or more to the stem 8 8a Glumes not gland-dotted Stems 1030 (50) cm tall, the base clothed with 23 bladeless sheaths Leaves l J / 2 4 mm wide Inflorescence with 4 25 spikelets Spikelets 4-8 X 2 mm Glumes 2 1 /,3 X 2 mm Nut purplish black, X mm New Guinea, Am Islands furva R Br b Glumes densely gland-dotted E) 9a Cauline leaves not reduced to bladeless sheaths Spikelets in clusters, 23 mm long, dark brown Glumes l'/< l 1 /-; mm long Anthers 2 '/ 2 Is mm smooth connective Style V 2 % mm long Nut long, with verruculose, whitish to stramineous, X mm Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Philippines, 1 Moluccas leptoclada Benth b Cauline leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths Spikelets solitary, 525 mm long, ferrugineous to fuscous Glumes 24 1 /, mm long Anthers 12'/, mm long; connective setulose at the top Style 14 mm long Nut blackish 10 10a Spikelets oblong to linear, 1025 mm long Glumes 44V 2 mm long Style 3mm long Nut 09 mm long Celebes, Am Islands lanceolata C B Clarke b Spikelets ovate to oblong, 510 mm long Glumes 23 mm long Style 12 mm 3 long Nut V2 A mm long Luzon, Celebes macassarensis Steud 11a Stem terminated by a single spikelet, rarely a lateral one added 12 b Inflorescence with 3numerous spikelets 16

42 J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaoeae the stem Nut truncate and quasi-tridentate at the apex Leaves setaceous Central Throughout 12a Spikelet pseudolateral because of the erect involucral bract as though continuing NE New Guinea (not seen) fenestrata Kiik Spikelets exactly terminal quasi-tridentate 13 b Nut neither truncate nor more than half as long as the spikelet, 46 mm 13a Lower 13 (empty) glumes long 14 b Lowest glume much shorter than the spikelet, F/ /s mm 15 long 14a Sheaths of the cauline leaves disintegrating in front into fine herringbone-shaped fibres Spikelet 79 X 3 mm - Glumes 1-nerved Stamens 3; anthers 22 1 /, mm long Style 34 mm long Nut 1 X 07 mm - Papua dictyocolea S T Blake b Leaf-sheaths not disintegrating into fibres Spikelet 36 X 11V 2 mm Glumes several-nerved Stamens 12(3); anthers l'/i l1 /: mm Style 1V /, mm long Nut X 0506 mm Sumatra and adjacent islands, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Anambas <$ Natwna Islands, Moluccas, New Guinea pauciflora R Br 15a Cauline leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths Spikelets 34 mm wide Glumes 22 2 / s mm long See Sla globulosa (Retz) Kunth b Leaves well developed, broadly linear, obtuse, mm l'/j2 wide Spikelet l*/» mm wide Glumes \ l / 2 mm long See 35a obtusata (C B Clarke) Ridl 16a Spikelets all or nearly all solitary 17 b Spikelets clustered, some solitary ones often added 36 17a Cauline leaves (at least the upper one) reduced to bladeless or shortly apieulate sheaths 18 b Cauline leaves with well developed blades, or all leaves basal 25 18a Leaves equitant, laterally compressed, finely striate without prominent midrib, the outer margin thin, the inner margin (see note p 117) distinctly grooved Spikelets numerous, 25 X IVi 2 mm Rhachilla wingless Glumes obtuse, muticous, narrowly hyaline-margined, about l'/j X 1 mm Stamens 12 Nut verruculose, transversely lineolate by the transversely oblong-linear outer cells, about s /,y 3 mm Throughout Malaysia miliacea (L) Vahl Spikelets 510 X 3 mm Glumes 2 1 /, X IVs mm Stamens 3 var macrostachya Kern b Leaves not equitant, dorsoventrally compressed, with prominent midrib and riblike margins, or all reduced to bladeless sheaths 19 Nut 19a pyriform, coarsely tuberculate, about 1 1/, X 1 mm Glumes with about mm long mucro Spikelets (1)35(9), oblong to linear-lanceolate, X 2 mm Rhachilla broadly winged Stamens 2 Papua signata S T Blake b Nut obovate, smooth or verruculose, smaller Glumes muticous or minutely apieulate 20 20a Stems obtusangular, not deeply grooved 21 b Stems acutangular, deeply grooved 22 21a All leaves of the flowering stems Spikelets reduced to bladeless sheaths 1 numerous, globose 34 mm wide Rhachilla narrowly winged Glumes 22 2 /j mm long, muticous, the midnerve ending somewhat below the apex Stamens 23 Nut verruculose, with transversely oblong outer cells in 1215 vertical rows on each face, 0751 X 0608 mm Stigmas often 2, and then nut biconvex (see 46a) Malaysia globulosa (Retz) Kunth b Only the upper 12 leaves of the flowering stems reduced to bladeless sheaths Spikelets numerous, lanceolate, l 1 /, mm wide Rhachilla broadly winged Glumes about 2 mm long, apieulate by the midnerve ending in the apex Stamens 3 Nut densely verruculose, 0607 X 05 mm; outer cells transversely elliptic Java subdura Ohwi 22a Nut obovate, densely verruculose; outer cells transversely linear, in 46 vertical rows on each face 23 b Nut broadly obovate, smooth or very sparsely verruculose; outer cells trans versely elliptic to oblong, in 911 vertical rows on each face 24 23a Annual, flaccid Flowering stems with well developed basal leaves Spikelets angular, 1V 4 -l 1 /, mm wide Glumes rather prominently keeled, apieulate by the

43 Central Sumatra, N W b Stems tufted on the very short, not creeping rhizome Glumes apiculate or Throughout Malay E 152 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 shortly excurrent midnerve, about 1 mm long Stamen 1 Nut very obtusely trigonous, 04 05(07) X 0304( mm Almost 05) throughout Malaysia quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth flowering stems all reduced to b Perennial, rhizomatous, stiff Leaves of the bladeless sheaths Spikelets terete, 1V 2 2 inim wide Glumes hardly keeled, muticous, about 1V 2 mm long Stamens 12 Nut obtusely trigonous, X mm Java,?Philippines aphylla Steud 24a Inflorescence 24 cm long, rarely longer Involucral bracts veiy short, up to 17* cm long Spikeiets elliptic, 34 X 2 mm Glumes 2 mm long Stamens (2)3; anthers V 4 1 mm long Style 1 mm long Nut 0809 X mm Sumatra, Philippines, Celebes, New Guinea salbundia (Nees) Kunth b Inflorescence 1220 cm long, rarely shorter Lower involucral bracts 48 em long Spikeiets ovate, 23 X 11 Vj mm Glumes IV2 1S A mm long Stamens 2 12; anthers Va / 5 mm long Style 2 / V s 4 mm long Nut X 06 mm Java, Celebes anisoclada Ohwi 25a Ligule a dense fringe of short hairs 26 b Ligule absent; leaf-sheaths on the inner side gradually passing into the blades 30 26a Stems obtusely trigonous, slightly compressed Spikeiets 22*/ 2 m m wide Glumes 34 mm long, 79-nerved Nut 1V / 2 mm long, verrucose Leaves rigid, 24 mm wide Stamens 3; anthers IV2 mm long Style abruptly thickened at the base, l s / 4 2 mm long and C Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, Philippines thomsonii Boeck b Stems strongly compressed, ancipitous Spikelets 1-2 mm wide Glumes 13 mm 1 1 long, 3i-nerved Nut usually shorter than 1 mm (only in consanguinea with smooth nuts 112 mm) 27 Spikelets very small, about long 27a mm wide Glumes mm long Style Va mm Nut 0506 X 0304 mm, finely lineolate by the transversely linear-oblong outer cells superposed in 46 vertical rows on each face Leaves flaccid, 12 mm wide Stamen 1; anther V, mm long Java, Philippines, New Guinea microcarya v M b Spikelets larger, l 1 / 2 2 mm wide Glumes 23 mm long Stvle 12 mm long Nut V I 1 / X V 2 V 4 mm 28 28a Stems and leaves very narrow, V a V» nun wide Margins of the glumes hardly hyaline Anthers 1 / 2 mm long Style l'/2 mm long Nut smooth, 08 X 07 mm; outer cells transversely elliptic New Guinea capilliculmis Ohwi b Stems 14 mm wide, leaves 15 mm wide Margins of the glumes whitish hyaline Anthers 11'/ 2 mm long 29 29a Inflorescence compound or decompound, with many spikelets Leaf-sheaths compressed, sharply keeled on the back; leaf-blades 35 mm wide Stems 24 mm wide Glumes 22'/ 2 mm long Anthers about 1 mm long Style 11'/ 4 mm long Nut verruculose, mm long Malaysia, m alt complanata (Retz) Link hardly compressed, b Inflorescence subsimple, with few spikelets Leaf-sheaths rounded on the back; leaf-blades 12 mm wide Stems 1P/ mm wide Glumes 2V 2 3 mm long Anthers about long Nut smooth, 112 X 075 mm Java, l'/j mm long Style l s / /, mm m alt consanguinea Kunth 30a Spikelets 24 mm wide Style 25 mm long 31 b Spikelets 12 mm wide Style V 2 17a mm long 33 31a Stems solitary on the creeping rhizome Glumes muticous, castaneous, 4'/ 6 X 3'A mm Leaves rigid, 12 mm wide Spikelets 715 X 34 mm Anthers 2 2V2 mm long Nut broadly obovate, verruculose, 1l'/iX 1 mm Philippines pierotii Miq mueronulate, stramineous to brown 32 32a Glumes spiral throughout, X 3472 mm Style mm long; stigmas shorter than the style Leaves rigid, (1)2 4 mm wide Nut obovate, more or less verruculose, 1125 X 991 mm Peninsula, Borneo, Philippines, Celebes, New Guinea insignis Thwaites

44 b Stems not or only slightly compressed, not ancipitous Leaves at most 3 mm midnerve evanescent below the apex Nut blackish, X 0507 mm 38a Spikelets 515 X 34 mm Glumes 3 1 /*5 X 4 mm Style 2 1 /,3 mm Philippines, Sumatra, Throughout P b Spikelets lanceolate or oblong-ovate, acuminate or very acute, erect, 23'/, mm J H KERN: Florae Halesianae Precursores X Cyperaoeae b Glumes at least in some spikelets distichous or subdistiehous Style 22 J / 2 mm, stigmas about as long Nut 081 X mm See 79a eragrostis (Nees) Hanee 33a Stems strongly compressed, ancipitous in the upper half Leaves 47 mm wide Lowest involucral bract overtopping the inflorescence External cells of the nut transversely oblong-linear Glumes acute or apiculate, P/2 2 X I'A nam Anthers '/< 1 mm long Style '/,1 mm long Nut finely transversely lineolate by the oblong-linear outer cells, 0709 X 0506 mm Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, W and C Java, Borneo P dura (Zoll et Mor) Merr wide Lowest involucral bract much shorter than the inflorescence External cells of the nut roundish to transversely elliptic 34 34a Leaves stiff, coriaceous Glumes muticuous, l 1 /,2 1 /, X 1 1 /i1% mm, the Spikelets slightly angular, 36 X 2 mm Anthers '/< 1 mm Style V 1 mm; 2 stigmas in Malaysia usually 2, rarely 3 Malaysia cymosa R Br b Leaves weak, grass-like Midnerve of the glumes ending in the apex or slightly excurrent Nut whitish to stramineous 35 35a Annual with stems 515 cm tall Leaves I 1 / 2 1 /, mm wide Inflorescence simple or subcompound, with (1)3 4 spikelets Spikelets 48 X l'a I 1 /; mm Glumes broadly ovate, about l'/ 2 mm long and wide Style '/, mm long Nut densely verrueulose, X 0506 mm Malay Peninsula, Borneo obtusata (C B Clarke) Ridl b Perennial with stems 4050 cm tall Leaves 2 1 /, 3 mm wide Inflorescence decompound or supradecompound, with numerous spikelets See 21b subdura Ohwi 36a Small annual with setaceous 1025 cm tall stems and very narrow (about 1 mm wide) leaves Inflorescence a single hemispherical head Glumes mucronate from the sinus of the bilobed apex Nut X m Lesser Swnda Islands schultzii Boeck b Perennials with stouter stems and broader leaves Inflorescence with well developed rays and several clusters of spikelets, rarely almost capitate Glumes muticous, or mucronulate from the apex 37 37a Leaves densely silky pubescent on the under side Glumes pubescent See 69a sericea R, Br b Leaves and glumes glabrous 38 long Leaves rigid (2)3 5 mm wide Nut verrueulose to nearly smooth, about 1X1 mm Malay Peninsula nigrobrunnea Thwaites b Spikeiets and glumes smaller Style shorter 39 39a Nut whitish to stramineous, 0851 X mm Connective of the anthers distinctly produced, setulose at the top Glumes with conspicuous scarious margins, triangular-ovate, acute or minutely apiculate, 22Vj X 22 1 /, mm New Guinea, New Britain falcata (Vahl) kunth b Nut blackish, X 0507 mm Connective shortly produced, smooth See 34a cymosa R Br 40a Nut coarsely rugulose by transverse wavy ridges Steins with a single terminal spikeiet only Leaves reduced to bladeless or very shortly laminate sheaths 41 b Nut smooth, verruculose, or trabeculate (i e with several longitudinal ribs connected by numerous crossbars), but not coarsely rugulose 43 41a Spikeiets broadly ovate, obtuse to rather acute, usually more or less inclined, 35 mm wide Style tongue-shaped, mm broad Nut with 35 transverse ridges, l 1 / 4 1V= X 1IV4 mm Glumes S 1 /,4'/ 2 X 3V/mm Stamens 3; anthers 1V 2 2 mm long Malay Peninsula, Borneo, New Guinea nutans (Retz) Vahl wide Style less than */ 2 mm wide Nut with 58 transverse ridges 42 42a Spikelets 612 X 23'/ 2 mm Glumes 3 J / 2 4V 2 X 2 1 /,4 mm, stramineous to brownish Stamens 23; anthers s / 4 1V, mm long Nut broadly obovate to orbicular, l 1 /,1'/ 4 mm long and wide, dirty stramineous to brownish

45 Philippines, Malay Lesser 154 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1956 Sumatra and adjacent islands, Malay Peninsula, Java, Madura, Lesser Simda Islands (Tenimbar), Borneo, Philippines acuminata Vahl b Spikeiets 4-6 X 1 mm GUumes 2 1 /» l, / 4 X 12 mm, paler Stamens 12; anthers about P/s mm long Nut obovate, 07509(11 X (08) mm, white to pale stramineous Celebes, Moluccas, New Guinea acicularis R Br 43a Stems strongly flattened, aneipitous Rhachilla broadly winged Leaves 35 mm wide; ligule absent Inflorescence supradecompound Lowest involucral bract as long as or longer than the inflorescence Spikelets 47(12) X 22'/, mm Glumes spiral to subdistichous, 22 s / 4 X 1V a Stamens 3; anthers s / 1 mm 4 mm Nut obovate or broadly obovate, smooth or sparsely verruculose, X mm S Sumatra, W Java, Borneo scaberrima Nees b Stems not aneipitous Rhachilla not or only narrowly winged 44 44a, Glumes ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, more than twice as long as broad Stems usually terminated by a single spikelet 45 b Glumes ovate to orbicular, less than twice as long as broad 46 45a Leaves setaceous, '/ 1 mm wide 2 Spikelets 1(3) to the ovate-ellipsoid stem, to oblong, terete, 515 X 23 mm Glumes muticous, hardly keeled, 2V,3 X 1I 1 /, mm Stamens 1 2; anthers 081 mm long Stylo 1 mm long Nut cuneate-obovate, rounded at the apex, smooth or sparsely verruculose, 081 X mm, greyish brown Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Madura, Philippines polytrichoides (Retz) R Br b Leaves capillary, '/jmm wide Spikelet 1 to the stem, oblanceolate or narrowly oblong, angular, 57 X 2 mm Glumes mucronulate, sharply keeled, about Stamens 3X1 mm 13; anthers 1l /, mm long Nut narrowly 1 obovate, umbonulate, smooth, 0708 X 05 whitish mm, Celebes celebica Ohwi sheaths Spikelets globose, 46a Base of the stems clothed with bladeless subinflated solitary, 34 mm wide Glumes muticous Nut verruculose with transversely oblong outer cells in 1215 vertical rows on each face See 21a globulosa (Retz) Kuntli b Blades of the cauline leaves well developed, rarely the upper one very short, or all leaves basal Other characters not united 47 47a Ligule a fringe of short hairs, sometimes membranous 48 b Ligule absent; leaf-sheaths on the inner side gradually passing into the blades 61 48a Glumes hairy, at least in the apical part 49 b Glumes glabrous 49a Lower sheaths coriaceous, shining brown to castaneous, upper ones ciliolate 50 at the mouth, otherwise glabrous Blades of the cauline leaves rigid, short, 210 cm long, '/,V [, mm wide Involucral bracts usually shorter than the inflorescence Spikelets acute Glumes ovate to oblong, 34Vs X 2 /, 3 mm, puberulous in the apical part, ferrugineous Style 025 mm wide Nut obovate to oblong-obovate, shortly stipitate, 11 */ 4 X '/«1 mm Throughout Malaysia ferruglnea (L) Vahl b Lower sheaths not coriaceous, stramineous to ferrugineous, the upper ones pilose especially towards the top, sometimes glabrescent Blades of the cauline leaves grass-like, up to 35 cm long, 1'/, 2 mm wide Lowest involucral bract usually overtopping the inflorescence, up to 10- cm long Spikelets obtuse Glumes very broadly ovate, 34'/, mm long and wide, densely tomentose in the apical part, usually castaneous Style about 04 mm wide Nut broadly obovate to orbicular, distinctly stipitate, l'/fl'a X l'/iol'/, mm Sunda Islands (Timor), Philippines (Mindanao) sieberiana Kunth 50a Nut smooth, distinctly stipitate by the conspicuous gynophore '/,* *A long Glumes many-nerved Stamens 3 51 b Nut trabeeulate, usually shortly stipitate, only in podocarpa with a conspicuous gynophore 54 51a Apex of the nut broadly emarginate by the 0508 mm wide style-scar b Apex of the nut rounded or umbonulate, not emarginate a Annual (7), stems tufted Leaves 11'/ 4 mm wide Spikelets 13 to the stem, 1020 X 34 mm Glumes 4L /» 5 X 4 mm Anthers 1 mm long Ovary not

46 Java, Sumatra, Throughout Luzon J H KERN: Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaoeae Moluccas E Throughout Papua Malay Sumatra, T Malay winged Style 2 mm long Nut 1'/2 mm long; style-scar about V 2 mm wide Luzon caesia Miq b Perennial, stems approximate on the short-creeping rhizome Spikelet 1 to the stem, 1535 X 5 mm - Glumes 6 7 X I'/j5 mm Anthers 2'/, 3 mm long Ovary membranously winged Style 3 1 /» 1 mm long Nut 2 mm long; style-scar 0608 mm wide subalata Kern 53a Inflorescence with 1 2(3) sipikelets which are 34 mm wide Glumes very broadly ovate, 2'/ 2 3 mm long Anthers V* mm long Style 1'/,1'/, mm long Malay Penmsula, Java and adjacent islands, Tertimbar, Borneo, Philippines schoenoides (Retz) Vahl b Inflorescence with (1)37(11) spikeiets which are (4 )5-6 mm wide Glumes broadly ovate, 45 mm long Anthers l 1 /^2'/, mm long Style 33Y mm long Malaysia tristachya B Br 54a Style glabrous or with a few (34) short ciliae at the top only, '/,1 mm long Spikeiets 1V 2 2 mm wide Glumes 1 'A2 mm long Nut 060J9 X 0507 mm; outer cells in 59 vertical rows on each face Java and adjacent islands, Tewimbar, Philippines, Celebes, New Guinea merrillii Kern b Style fimbriate at least in the upper half Other characters not united 55 55a Spikelets 11V 2 mm wide 56 b Spikelets 24 mm wide 57 56a Spikelets angular Glumes membranous, sharply keeled, mueronulate, with nerveless anther V long Style V 1 Nut obovate sides Stamen 1; mm mm long to broadly obovate, 0607 X mm; outer cells in 59 vertical rows on each face Java 1 Borneo Luzon bisumbellata (Forsk) Bub b Spikelets terete Glumes subchartaceous hardly keeled, with finely nerved sides Stamens 3; anthers 11'/, mm long Style 1V 4 'l*/ 4 mm long Nut narrowly obovate, 0709 X 0506 mm; outer cells in 46 vertical rows on each face tenuinervia Kevn 57a Nut oblong-obovate, X 09 mm; outer cells in 1216 vertical rows on each face Glumes distinctly manv-nerved almost over the whole breadth, oblong-obovate, 3V/ X l'/ï3 mm Stamens 3; anthers l'/ 51'/, mm; eonnective distinctly produced, papillose-setulose at the top Philippines (Golo) lineatisquama Ohwi b Nut obovate, broadly elliptic or almost orbicular, in dichotoma rarely almost oblong-obovate, but then the outer cells in 510 vertical rows on each face Sides of the glumes nerveless or only faintly nerved 58 Outer cells of the nut in 510 (rarely some more) face 58a vertical rows on each Spikelets 510(-20) X 2V i 3(5) mm Glumes very broadly ovate to oblongobovate, 23 (4V 2 1 mm lon g- Stamens 13; anthers V-1(l*/ 4 ) mm Style 24 mm long Nut obovate to broadly obovate, with small gynophore Malaysia dichotoma (L) Vahl b Outer cells of the nut in (12)1524 vertical rows on each face Other characters not united 50 59a Spikeiets (2'/s)3 4 mm wide Glumes with strong midnerve and several obscure lateral 3'/43 1 /, long Stamens 2; anthers about nerves, mm */< mm - Style V/ t -V/ 2 Nut broadly elliptic to suborbicular, prominently stipitate; num gynophore '/»V: nim long and wide, 1115 X 9914 mm; outer cells in 1624 vertical rows on each face Penmsula, Java, Kangean Arch,, Philippines, New'Guinea,? New Britain podocarpa Nees b Spikelets 22'/, ram wide Glumes 2 2Vj mm long Anthers */s'/ _ mm long Gvnophore inconspicuous Outer cells of the nut in 1218 vertical rows on each face 60 60a Inflorescence very loose, 815 cm long Spikeiets light brown, 2 mm wide Stamens 2 Nut broadly elliptic, almost orbicular, X 065 mm, not verruculose (Ceram), W New Guinea perlaxa Ohwi b Inflorescence loose, 27 cm long Spikelets greyish green, brownish variegated Stamen 1 Nut obovate, 112 X verruculose mm, Peninsula, Java, Luzon alboviridis C B Clarke 61a Nut when young covered with 2 rows of prominent clavate glands Small annual with capillary leaves, squarrose spikeiets, and glumes with a recurved awn almost

47 Malay N N Sumatra,, T b inilorescenee with 3numerous, smaller spikelets 68 b Rhizome not creeping 70 Malay 72a Bays of the inflorescence scaberulous-pilose Style retrorsely hispidulous at the Central 156 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 as long as the blade See 3b dipsacea (Eottb) C B Clarke b Nut without elavate glands Spikeiets not or only slightly squarrose, the mucro of the glumes if present much shorter than the blade 62 62a Spikelets small, 1V/ 2 mm wide Small annuals with thinly membranous glumes 12 mm long, 1(2) anthers, 7,1 mm long style, 7i7, mm long nut 63 b Spikelets larger, 24 mm wide Other characters not united 67 63a Inflorescence capitate, subglobose or hemispherical, V, 1 cm across Glumes muticous or apiculate, 1X1 mm Nut suborbicular, about 7a mm long and wide Peninsula argentea (Rottb) Vahl b Inflorescence anthelate, with well developed rays, larger Glumes mucronulate Nut elliptic to obovate, usually slightly larger 04 64a Base of the style with long pendent hairs covering at least the upper half of the nut Sumatra-, Java-, Luzon squarrosa Vahl var esquarrosa Makino b Base of the style glabrous or with very short, not pendent hairs 66 65a Glabrous Leaves 12 mm wide Base of the stem clothed with 12 very shortly laminate sheaths Style glabrous Malay Peninsula, W Java, Borneo, Celebes, Moluccas, New Guinea griffithii Boeok b More or less hairy Leaves l / s 1 mm wide Cauline leaves with well developed blades Style fimbriate, at least at the top fig 66a Inflorescence loose, 15 cm long Lowest involueral bract somewhat shorter to slightly longer than the inflorescence Rays of the inflorescence obliquely patent, glabrous Glumes about 17, mm long Style '/,'/, mm long 2 Nut '/, / mm long Sumatra, Java, Philippines, Celebes aestivalis (Retz) Vahl b Inflorescence very loose, 310 cm long Lowest involueral bract up to twice as long as the inflorescence Rays of the inflorescence obliquely erect, densely puberulous Glumes about 2 mm long Style 1V/t mm long Nut 7, mm long Sumatra - gracilenta Hance 67a Stems terminated by a single spikelet up to 2 cm long and 34 mm wide Glumes mucronulate, 1-nerved, about 5 X 3 mm Stamens 3; anthers 2 mm long Style fimbriate in the upper half, 447 mm long Nut obtriangularobovate, verruculose, X 085 " mm Lesser Sunda Islands (Wetar) L- wetarensis Ohwi 68a Rhizome creeping 69 69a Leaves densely silky pubescent beneath Spikelets in clusters of 36, angular, 2V a - 3 mm wide Glumes keeled, pubescent Connective setulose at the top' Style IVjB/, mm long Nut 117, X 7s1 mm Malay Peninsula, Banka, Java, Madura, Borneo sericea R Br b Leaves glabrous or hairy, but not silky-pubescent Spikeiets solitary or a few in twos, terete, 34 mm wide Glumes hardly keeled, glabrous Connective smooth Style 23 mm long Nut l 1 /,l 1 /, X I 1 /, mm Luzon, Mindanao rigidula Nees (Oa Leaves rigid, coriaceous Nut blackish Involueral bracts shorter than the inflorescence See 34a very short, much cymosa R Br b Leaves weak, grass-like Nut white to stramineous, brownish in trichaphylla Illvolucral bracts usually overtopping the inflorescence 71 71a Nut oblong-obovate, 115 X mm Anthers with bristly appendage of the connective Leaves filiform, sometimes up to 1 mm wide Glumes obscurely many-nerved, 272 X 22'/, mm Stamens 3; anthers 11V 2 mm long Style I'A2Vj mm long Outer cells of the nut in 1012 vertical rows on each face Peninsula trichophylla Ridl b Nut obovate to broadly obovate Connective smooth Leaves flat, ' wi<le 1 2 nim 72 base Glumes apiculate by the slightly exeurrent midnerve Outer cells of the nut transversely linear-oblong Lesser Sunda Islands (Swrnba) sumbaensis Ohwi b Rays of the inflorescence smooth Style with glabrous base Glumes muticous, midnerve not reaching the apex Outer cells of the nut roundish to transversely elliptic Java semarangensis Ohwi

48 J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaoeae laminate sheaths Stamens 3; anthers linear, 23 mm long Style mm 815 (30") X 46 mm Leaves 7 s 1 mm wide Glumes 47 5 X 44V, mm Throughout Malay 73a Stigmas 2 Nut biconvex See isa scaberrima Nees b Stigmas 3 Nut trigonous or triquetrous 74 74a Spikelets all sessile, congested into a globose head, stellately spreading, falling off as a whole, 5-6 X 1 nun Leaves reduced to 23 bladeless or shortly long Nut ellipsoid or obovoid, l 1 /,r/ 2 X 1 mm Bamka, P Lingga, Malay Peninsula, Anamba Islands, Philippines (Culion, Busuamga) thouarsii (Kunth) Merr b Inflorescence anthelate, with distinct rays, or consisting of 1 terminal spikelet only, rarely almost capitate Rhachilla persistent, glumes acropetally caducous 75 75a Nut 23 X l'/i2 mm, coarsely tuberculate Spikelets 12(3) to the stem, Style fimbriate almost to the base, 24 mm long Malaysia monostachyos (L) Hassk b Nut much smaller, smooth or verruculose Spikelets usually several to numerous 76 76a Glumes glabrous and smooth 77 b Glumes either puberalous-scaberulous by short hairs at least in the apical part, or beset with reddish glands 80 77a Spikelets clustered, shining dark brown Leaves (2)35 mm wide Involueral bracts stiff, erect, the longest 1-1V 2 cm Rays of the inflorescence recurved, up to 3 cm long Glumes 3V 2 5 X 27,4 mm Stamens 3; anthers P/j2 mm long Style 2'/, 3 mm long Nut about 1X1 nun Malay Peninsula nigrobrunnea Thwaites b Spikelets solitary 78 78a Leaves narrow, 1 / 2 1 mm wide, with long-acuminate setulose tip Outer leafsheaths coriaceous, shining fuscous to purplish See 84a vanoverberghii Kiik b Leaves broader, with rounded, shortly apiculate apex Outer leaf-sheaths stramineous to light brown 79 79a Leaves 23 mm wide Spikelets 23 mm wide Glumes 34 mm long, mucronulate from the apex Stamens 3; anthers P/22 mm long Style mm long Nut 081 X mm - Lesser Sunda Islands (Timor), New Guinea, Aru Islands eragrostis (Nees) Hanee b Leaves P/ 2 2 mm wide Spikelets P/2 mm wide Glumes nun long, minutely apiculate just below the apex Stamens 23; anthers about 7 2 mm long Style 1F/2 mm long Nut 0607 X mm N Sumatra disticha Boeck 80a Glumes gland-dotted Leaves very narrow, less than 1 mm wide 81 b Glumes hairy Leaves broader, mm wide (except in vanoverberghii) 83 81a Nut smooth, X mm, the outer cells almost isodiametric Connective produced into a subulate 7, mm long appendage Spikelets 416 X 11 1 /2 mm Glumes 337, X 17a mm Anthers 1 mm 17, long Style glabrous except for the retrorse hairs at the base, 2 1 /,3 1 /, mm long Peninsula; Billiion, N Borneo fuscoides C B Clarke b Nut verruculose, transversely lineolate by the linear outer cells Connective only shortly produced 82 82a Perennial with short-creeping rhizome Stems 2550 cm tall Glumes 2 s / 4 4 mm long Stamens 3; anthers 12 mm long Style 3?>'/, mm long, shortly hairy at the base Nut obovate to obovate-elliptic, X 0407 mm N Sumatra, Luzon, New Guinea T cinnamometorum (Vahl) Kunth b Annual with fibrous roots Stems 512 cm tall Glumes P/a2 mm long Stamen 1; anther about 7a mm long Style 117, mm long, glabrous Nut oblong-obovate, X mm Kamgecm Arcih adenolepis Kern 83a Glumes 36 mm long, anthers l /,2 mm, style mm Perennials, rarely annuals, with 2050 cm tall stems 84 Glumes 173 mm long, anthers 7,7: nun, with b style 117, mm Annuals 520 cm tall stems 87 84a Outer leaf-sheaths coriaceous, shining fuscous to purplish Leaves V1 mm wide with long-acuminate setulose tip Stems glabrous or pilose, leaves more or

49 Malay N Sumatra, Malay N 158 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 less hispid especially on the under side Spikelets 58 X 2'P/, mm Glumes 34 X mm, often glabrescent Style 2 1 /,3 mm long Nut 11 X mm, sparsely verruculose Sumatra, Luzon, New Guinea vanoverberghii Kiik b Outer leaf-sheaths membranous or herbaceous, dull pale green to brownish Leaves 13 mm wide, without setulose tip 85 85a Nut smooth, X 0*405 mm Glumes 34 mm long Stems at the base with 12 bladeless or shortly laminate sheaths Anthers l'/ 4 mm long Style 3 mm long Peninsula (P LangkawiJ malayana Ohwi b Nut verruculose, larger Glumes 46 mm long Style 46 mm long 86 86a Perennial Leaves much shorter than the stem (often scarcely 1 / as i long), abruptly pointed, (1)2( )4) mm wide Inflorescence compound to supradecompound, to 10 up cm long, with many to numerous spikelets Nut obovate, densely verruculose, 09 1 mm long Malay Peninsula, Java, Philippines, Celebes, Moluccas, New Guinea fusca (Nees) C B Clarke Leaves longer, as long as /s*/«stem, more gradually acuminate Inflorescence simple (very rarely one of the with rays a short secondary ray), IVj2 X 24 with 3-6 cm, spikelets Nut oblong-obovate, sparsely verruculose, 125 X Malay 0-7 mm Peninsula (P Penang) fulvescens Thwaites 87a Outer cells of the nut transversely oblong-linear Nut oblong-obovate to ellipsoid, X mm Spikelets 37 ( 10) X 1l'/i mm Glumes P/rlVi mm long Stamens 2 Style 1 mm long Peninsula (P Langkawi) calcicola Kern b Outer cells of the nut hexagonal Nut obovate or broadly obovate, X mm 88 88a Glumes broadly ovate when opened out, 1V»l 3 /, mm long Nut cuneate at the base, not truncate Stamens 3 Style 1 mm long Sumatra, Papua intonsa S T Blake b Glumes ovate-lanceolate, 2 1 /3 mm long Nut truncate at the base Stamens (1)2 Style IV21IV4 mm long N Sumatra, W and C Java, Madura, Kamgean Arch, N Borneo, Celebes, New Guinea fimbristyloides (P v M) Druce III CLASSIFICATION OF THE MALAYSIAN SPECIES OF FIMBRISTYLIS In outline the arrangement accepted here agrees with that of Ohwi in J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 571 The limits of the subgenera proposed being far from well-marked, I have contented myself with the distinction of a series of sections It has been attempted to trace all sectional names available and to typify them in such a way, that the old names can be maintained, though generally they encompass a narrower concept than originally accepted by their authors Some of the trigynous species tend to digyny ( cymosa, globulosa, sericea, and to a lesser extent pauciflora) scaberrima is digynous throughout; it has been placed next to dura, to which it shows affinity in almost every respect Attention is drawn to the taxonomic value of the ligule A system not based the on thorough knowledge of all species of the genus will unevitably show shortcomings in many respects For instance, I am well aware that the insertion of recta in sect Leptocladae and of wetarensis in sect Neodichelostylis is highly disputable

50 Malaysian Malaysian Annuae, Isolepis Fimbristylis Type J H KERN : Florae Malesianae Precursores X Cyperaceae Nut orbicular, obovate, oblong-obovate, pyriform, or turbinate, 3-sided or biconvex 2 Stigmas 3; style triquetrous, usually glabrous Nut trigonous or triquetrous (see above remark) 3 Glumes spiral 4 Nut smooth or verruculose 5 Glumes not ciliate 6 Inflorescence anthelate or capitate 7 Cauline leaves with well developed blades 8 Ligule a dense fringe of short hairs Sect 1 Trichelostylis 8 Ligule absent 9 Rather stout perennials Sect 2 Cymosae 9 Small annuals Sect 3 Tenerae 7 Cauline leaves (at least the upper one) reduced to bladeless sheaths Sect 4 Miliaceae 6 Inflorescence consisting of a single terminal spikelet Sect 5 Heleocharoides 5 Glumes long-ciliate Sect 6 Leptocladae 4 Nut coarsely tuberculate Sect 7 Signatae 3 Glumes distichous 10 Rhachilla persistent Glumes acropetally caducous Inflorescence anthe late or reduced to a single spikelet 11 Nut large, pyriform, tuberculate Sect 8 Abildgaardia 11 Nut small, obovate, smooth or verruculose Sect 9 Fuscae 10 Rhachilla caducous; spikelets falling off as a whole Inflorescence capitate Leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths Sect 10 Actinoschoenus Stigmas 2; style flat, usually fimbriate Nut biconvex Glumes spiral 2 12 Inflorescence anthelate, with many spikelets 13 Ligule a dense fringe of short hairs, or membranous 14 Nut smooth, not trabeculate Sect 11 Dichelostylis 14 Nut trabeculate Sect 12 Fimbristylis 13 Ligule absent 15 Spikelets terete or slightly angular, 24 mm wide 15 Spikelets angular, 1 1 1/mm wide Sect 13 Rigidulae Sect 14 Pogonostylis 12 Inflorescence consisting of a single terminal spikelet, rarely 1 or 2 lateral spikelets added 16 Nut not rugulose Leaf-blades well developed Sect 15 Neodichelostylis 16 Nut rugulose by transverse ridges Leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths Sect 16 Nutantes 1 Nut oblong-cylindrical Glumes spiral Stigmas 2(3) 17 Inflorescence consisting of single spikelet Spikelet a terete Leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths Sect 17 Mischospora 17 Inflorescence anthelate Spikelets angular or developed Leaf-blades squarrose well Sect 18 Dipsaceae Sect 1 Trichelostylis (Lestib) Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1871, 23 sect Trichelo- Trichelostylis Lestib, Ess Fam Cyp 1819, 40 stylis (Lestib) Endl, Gen Plant 1836, 118 subgen Trichelostylis (Lestib) A Gray, Man Bot, ed 5, 1867, 567 Type species: autumnalis (L) R et S species: 1 thomsonii Boeck; 2 complanata (Retz) Link; 3 consanguinea Knnth; 4 capilliculmis Ohwi; 5 microcarya v M Sect 2 Cymosae Ohwi, -J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 571 cymosa R Br species: species: 6 subdura Ohwi; 7 dura (Zoll et Mor) Merr; 8 scaberrima Nees; 9 pierotii Miq; 10 insignis Thwaites; 11 falcata (Vahl) Runth; sericea R Br cymosa R Br; Sect 3 Tenerae Kern, sect nov parvae Chilmi tenues,

51 Malaysian Type Malaysian Malaysian Fimbristylis Malaysian Type Malaysian Fimbristylis Malaysian Malaysian Malaysian Culmi Type Cyperus Arthrostylis Malaysian Type Type Type Type 160 BLUMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 ad basin foliati Foliorum laminae bene evolutae, intus ad basin sensim in vaginam transeuntes, eligulatae Inflorescentia anthelata vel capitata Glumae spiraliter dispositae, apiculatae vel mucronatae, baud fimbriatae Stylus triqueter, glaber, stigmatibus 3 Nux trigona, obovata tenera Schult species: species: 14 obtusata (C B Clarke) Ridl; 15 schultzii Boeck Sect 4 Miliaceae Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 572 Fimbristylis sect Globulosae Ohwi, Ie species: miliacea (L) Vahl Malaysian species: 16 globulosa (Retz) Kunth; 17 miliacea (L) Vahl; 18 aphylla Steud; 19 quinqangularis (Vahl) Kunth; 20 salbundia (Nees) Kunth; 21 anisoclada Ohwi Sect 5 Heleocharoides Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 301 Type species: pauciflora R Br species: 22 dictyocolea S T Blake; 23 pauciflora R Br Sect 6 Leptocladae Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 572 leptoclada Benth species: species: 24 recta M Bail; 25 leptoclada Benth; 26 hispidula (Vahl) Kunth; 27 furva R Br; 28 lanceolata C B Clarke; 29 macassarensis Steud Sect 7 Signatae Kern, sect nov tenues, ad basin vaginis aphyllis cincti Inflorescentia anthelata Spiculae solitariae, angulatae Rhachilla alata Glumae spiraliter dispositae, carinatae, mucronatae Stylus triqueter, stigmatibus 3 Nux pyriformis, tuberculata signata S T Blake species: species: 30 signata S T Blake Sect 8 Abildgaardia (Vahl) Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 299 Abildgaardia Vahl, En Plant 2, 1806, 296 (Vahl) Endl, Gen Plant 1836, 119 (L) Hassk sect Abildgaardia species: monostachyos species: 31 monostachyos (L) Hassk Sect 9 Fuscae Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 571 fusca (Nees) C B Clarke species: species: 32 nigrobrunnea Thwaites; 33 eragrostis (Nees) Hance; 34 cinnamometorum (Vahl) Kunth; 35 adenolepis Kern; 36 fuscoides C B Clarke; 37 fusca (Nees) C B Clarke; 38 fulvescens Thwaites; 39 malayana Ohwi; 40 vanoverberghii Riik; 41 calcicola Kern; 42 fimbristyloides ( v M) Druce; 43 intonsa S T Blake; 44 disticha Boeck Sect 10 Actinoschoenus (Benth) Kern, comb nov Actinoschoenus Benth in Benth & Hook, Gen Plant 3, 1883, 1058 su'bgen Actinoschoenus (Benth) Kiik in Fedde, Rep 53, 1944, 197 Type species: thouarsii (Kunth) Merr (Kunth) Merr species: 45 thouarsii Sect 11 Dichelostylis Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 299 Fimbristylis sect Ferrugineae Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 573, pp Type species: ferruginea (L) Vahl species: 46 ferruginea (L) Vahl; 47 sieberiana Kunth; 48 tristachya R Br; 49 schoenoides (Retz) Vahl; 50 subalata Kern; 51 caesia Miq Sect 12 Fimbristylis Linnaea 37, 1871, 3 14, 1938, 573 sect Eufimbristylis Boeck, sect Dichotomae Ohwi, J Jap Bot species: dichotoma (L) Vahl - species: 52 dichotoma (L) Vahl; 53 bisumbellata (Forsk) Bub; 54 mer-

52 J H KEKN : Florae Malesianae Pre oursores X Cyperaceae Type Pogonostylis Malaysian Malaysian Sect 17 Mischospora (Boeck) Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 89 Type Malaysian Malaysian Culmi Fimbristylis Malaysian Type Type Type Fim rillii Kern; 55 tenuinervia Kern; 56 podocarpa Nees; 57 lineatisquama Ohwi; 58 perlaxa Ohwi; 59 alboviridis C B Clarke Sect 13 Rigidulae Kern, sect nov ad basin foliati Folia eligulata, lamina intus sensim in vagi nam transeunte Spiculae solitariae, teretes vel subangulatae Glumae spiraliter dispositae, non vel vix carinatae Stylus compressus, stigmatibus 2 Nux biconvexa, reticulata vel obsolete trabeculata species: rigidula Nees species: 60 trichophylla Ridl; 61 rigidula Nees; 62 sumbaensis Ohwi; 63 semarangensis Ohwi Sect 14 Pogonostylis (Bertol) Pax in Engl & Prantl, Nat Pfl Fam 2, 1887, 113 Bertol, Fl Ital 1, 1833, 312 bristylis sect Squarrosae Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 573 squarrosa Vahl species: species; 64 griffithii Boeck; 65 aestivalis (Retz) Vahl; 66 squarrosa Vahl; 67 gracilenta Hance; 68 argentea (Rottb) Vahl Sect 15 Neodichelostylis Camus, Fl Gen I C 7, 1912, 89 Fimbristylis sect Ferrugineae Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 573, pp Type species: polytrichoides (Retz) R Br species: 69 polytrichoides (Retz) R Br; 70 celebica Ohwi; 71 wetarensis Ohwi Sect 16 Nutantes Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 573 nutans (Retz) Vahl species: species: 72 acuminata Vahl; 73 nutans (Rtetz) Vahl; 74 acicularis R Br Mischospora Boeck, Flora 43, 1860, 113 Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, 571 sect Tetragonae species: tetragona R Br Malaysian species: 75 tetragona, R Br Sect 18 Dipsaceae Ohwi, J Jap Bot 14, 1938, dipsacea (Rottb) C B Clarke (Rottb) C B Clarke Species of doubtful place: 77 fenestrata Kiik species: species: 76 dipsacea IV NOTES ON SOME OTHER CYPERACEAE 1 Scirpus beccarii Boeck, Bot Jahrb 7, 1886, 275 Boeekeler published this species in an article "Neue Cyperaceen von Argentinien, Mexiko, Alaska und dem Kilimandscharo" Not before I saw a sheet of the type collection ( Beccari 357) in the Kew Herbarium, I realized that the species in question is native in Malaysia Beecari collected it on Mt Singgalang (Sumatra) In the Bogor Herbarium there are several Sumatran collections perfectly agreeing with the Beccari plants The species was placed by Boeckeler in the affinity of S varians and S supinus, presumably on account of the pseudolateral inflorescence Its true relationship, however, is with S fluitans L The latter widely spread species occurs at high altitudes on the Javan mountains, and has also been recorded from Papua, Malaysian S fluitans hardly differs from the European; the leaves are slightly broader with more distinct cross-nerves, the glumes somewhat larger with often purplish sides, and the nuts slightly larger In Sumatra S fluitans is apparently lacking; here it is replaced by S beccarii, strongly resembling it in almost every respect, and mainly

53 SUMATRA A t j e H, Gajolands, Mt Losir, in and along a brooklet, 3300 m: " ~ - " " ~ BLITMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 characterized by the pseudolateral inflorescence consisting of 1 or 2 spikelets subtended by an erect up to 1V 2 cm long involucral bract Remarkable is the inconstancy of the number of stigmas (2 or 3 in flowers of the same spikelet) In accordance with this inconstancy the nuts are plano-convex, strongly compressed with a raised dorsal angle, or sharply triquetrous Steenis 8639 (BO) ; Mt Kemiri, in tufts on dry soil and submerged in brooklet, m, Van Steenis 9666 (BO) Ophir Dist r, N1W slope of Mt Talamau, in tufts on moist plain, common, 2750 m: Bimnemeyjer 860 (BO) Mt Singgalang: Becoari 357 (type ooll) (K); in brushwood 1 near the lake, common, 2800 m: Bwinemieyjer 2902 (BO) ; shore of lake, in tufts, 2800 m: Docters van Leewven 3977 (BO, L) 2 Cyperus iria L var flavescens Benth, Fl Austral 7, 1878, 276 Cyperus iria var rectangular is Kük in Engl, Pflanzenr Heft 101, 1935, 153 is recorded from India, and in an approaching form from NS Wales The Indian collections represent a markedly distinct species, which I described in Reinwardtia 1, 1952, 463 as C alulatus Kern At that time I had not seen any Australian specimen of var rectangularis Also according to Blake (in Black, Fl S Australia, 2nd ed 1, 1948, 143) the South Australian specimens of C iria have rather longer, wider, and more spreading spikelets than the typical form, and approach var rectangularis Kiik Bentham (1878) described C iria var flavescens, not accounted for in Kükenthal's monograph, with fewer but longer 1216-flowered spikeiets, and assuming nearly the aspect of C flavescens L This variety is based on collections from Central Australia ( Gosse ; Charlotte Waters, Giles; near Mount Murchison, Bonney), two of which I could study in the Kew Herbarium They strikingly resemble C alulatus by the many-flowered widespreading spikelets However, all other characters being those of C iria, they certainly belong to the latter species The correct name of the Australian variety therefore is: Cyperus iria L var flavescens Benth, whereas C iria var rectangularis Kiik ( lectotype Buthie 23284) is synonymous with C alulatus Kern I have seen C iria var flavescens from W Australia ( 'N T Burbidqe, 139, Lefroy 3), Northern Territory (R Helms sn, B A Perry 713), Central Australia ( Jess Chalmers 31, Giles sn, Gosse 11), Queensland L (S Everist 2801, 3953) It is to be expected to occur in New Guinea 3 Cyperus sphacelatus Rottb, Descr et Ic 1773, 26; Kern, Reinwardtia 2, 1952, 107 The first records for Malaysia (Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, New Guinea) I published in 1952, Recently the species was also collected in Borneo L) (BO, -- Island, aerodrome: BORNEO Labuan padang near Van Steenis NE Borneo, Nunukan, N of Tarakan, few m alt, W Meyer 2453a (L) 4 Rhynchospora gracillima Thwaites, En Pi Zeyl 1864, 435; Boeck, Linnaea 37, 1873, 597; Kurz, J As Soc Beng 45, II, 1876, 159; Clarke, Fl Br Ind 6, 1893, 671; 111 Cyp 1909, t 71, f 67; Kük, Bot Jahrb 75, 1951, 273 " R kamphoeveneri Boeck, Bot Jahrb 5, 1884, 508 Among the Fimbristylis material in the Bogor, the Leiden, and the Kew Herbaria I found some specimens of this Rhynchospora species

54 _ " ~ " J H KEKN : Florae Malesianae Preoursores X Cyperaceae collected in Sumatra Up to the present it was not yet recorded from Malaysia Its range extends from tropical Africa to S Asia (S China, Ceylon, Khasia, Nicobars, Malaysia) SUMATRA A t j c h, subdiv Takengon, near kp Kutarajang, old secondary forest, 900 m : ~ " Japing 19 _ (BO) Tapanuli, moist places, not rare, 975 m: Cape! len, on open grassy hill, CELEBES Eyma 4014 (L) Res Asahan valley above Wilbelmina waterfall, " Ldrzmg (BO) W Sumatra, Fk>rt vaal der Matthew sn (K) Menado, subdiv Kolonedale, between Tomata and Kamba: NEW GUINEA W New Guinea, prob Dompta: Anang sn (BO, L) Index to collectors numbers Adj Landbouwcons Pamekasan 2a pp: 1-20; Ahern's coll FB3390: 1-51; d'aueizette sn: 1-8; 314: 1-33; Alvins 1153: 1-45; Anang sn: 1-33, IV-4; Andre sn: 1-33 Backer sn: 1-13, 1-41; 3269: 1-3; 7693: 1-41; 8593: 1-12; 10818: 1-12; 12789: 1-2; 12817: 1-2; 19297: 1-28; 19377: 1-38; 19402: 1-38; 19914: 1-33; 20056: 1-33; 20113: 1-38; 20245: 1-33; 20599: 1-38; 20725: 1-38; 23945: 1-13; 24012: 1-12; 24022: 1-24; 24224: 1-41; 25500: 1-12 ; 25753: 1-12; 26503: 1-24; 26545: 1-33 ; pp: 1-22, 1-28; 27124: 1-40 ; 27364: 1-40; 27477b: 1-38; 27695: 1-28; 29331: 1-13; 29639: 1-38; 29858: 1-13; 30362: 1-36 ; 30377: 1-33; 33599: 1-41; 37195: 1-38; Baim sn: 1-6, 1-28, 1-38, 1-51; Bakhuizen van den Brink 2445: 1-12; Balansa 189: 1-30; 212: 1-45; 2786: 1-47; 2855: 1-9; Banks & Solander sn: 1-51; Barber 88: 145; 251: 1-33; 307: 1-24; 356: 1-23; Barclay sn: 1-24, 1-51; Barthe sn: 1-51; Bartlett 7535: 1-29; 8049: 1-30; 15550: 1-6; Beceari sn: 1-13, 1-23; PB 3736: 1-45; PS 367: IV-1; Beguin 2312: 1-51; Beumee A 223: 1-36; A 446: 1-29; A 597: 1-24; A 887: 1-33; 900: 1-38; 5198: 1-38; Bloembergen 4099: 1-14; Blume sn: 1-36; Boerlage sn: 1-38, 1-45; Bonney sn: IV-2; Bouquet sn: 1-9; Brass 3576: 1-28; 3733: 1-13; 4805: 1-14; 5734: 1-33;' 6245: 1-51; 7531 A: 1-51; 7840: 1-24; 7841: 1-29; 7846: 1-35; 7847: 1-33; 11744: 1-24; Brinkman 298: 1-12; Brousmiche 820: 1-47; Brown 5941: 1-33; Bruggeman 619: 1-12; Bunnemeijer 860: IV-1; 2902: IV-1; 3425: 1-12; 3715: 1-1; 5186: 1-12; 5190: 1-12; 8022: 1-12; 8142: 1-12; 8173: 1-12; 10682: 1-38; 10837: 1-20; Burbidge sn: 1-6, 1-9; 139: IV-2; Burkill SF 6641: 1-45; Burkill & Haniff 16800: 1-45; 17118: 1-45; Buwalda 4547: 1-38; 5356a: 1-18; 5357: 1-51; 5532: 1-19; 7902: 1-45 Callery sn: 1-7; Cantley 3065: 1-45; Carr 11034: 1-40; 11198: 1-38; 11264: 1-38; 11847: 1-3; Castillo BS 22716: 1-37; Chalmers 31: IV-2; Chaper sn: 1-4; Clemens 3002: 1-8; 3224: 1-8; 3546: 1-45; 4297: 1-51; 4312: 1-30; 8286 A: 1-26; 10750: 1-7; 16582: 1-37; 18020bis: 1-33; 21348: 1-45; 27681: 1-9; 51891: 1-14; Coert 499: 1-40; 500: 1-36; 501: 1-13; 1741 pp: 1-28, 1-38; icopeland 100 pp: 1-13; 586: 1-13; Corner sn: 1-27, 1-33, 1-42; SF 37858: 1-42; Corner & Nauen sn: 1-42; SF 37847: 1-42; Cuming 396: 1-43; 675: 1-51; 1396: 1-43; 1413: 1-33; Curran FB 16783: 1-46; Curtis 1867: 1-9; 2175: 1-25 Van Daalen 221: 1-12; Dahl sn: 1-40; Dallachy sn: 1-28; Delavay 4821: 1-38; Didrichsen 3455: 1-9; 3935: 1-12; Doeters van Leeuwen sn: 1-13, 1-38; 1218: 1-38; 3977: IV-1; 13353: 1-2; Dorgelo 1644 pp: 1-33; 1664: 1-36; 1712: 1-3; 3304: 1-38; Drege sn-: 1-2; Duthie 23284: IV-2 Edano PNH 11025: 1-33; 15397: 1-13; 15619: 1-13; Elbert 3076: 1-33; 3088: 1-6; 3091: 1-19; 4553: 1-17; Elmer 6497: 1-14; 22358: 1-51, Endert 1836: 1-4; 1982: 1-4; Enoh 318: 1-45; Everist 2801: IV-2; 3953: IV-2; Eyma 347: 1-38; 353: 1-24; 357: 1-33; 2953: 1-45; 3381: 1-28; 4007: 1-24; 4014: IV-4; 4029: 1-45 Fenix 30022: 1-40; BS 26093: 1-38, 1-46; Forbes 19: 1-24; 893: 1-12; Forster S4: 1-45; S 18: 1-6 Gachalian PNH 15476: 1-13; Gaudichaud sn: 1-33; Germain 101: 1-45; Gibbs 2771: 1-28; Giles sn: IV-2; Glassman 514: 1-40; 521: 1-13; Godefroy sn: 1-15; 50: 1-4; 815: 1-22; 908: 1-30; Goering sect II no 149: 1-12; Gosse 11: IV-2; Griffith

55 164 BLITMEA VOL VIII, No 1, 1955 sn: 1-45; 6311: 1-45; 6813: 1-41; 6331: 1-45; Grutterink 3164: 1-13; Le Guillou sn: I-1S Haenke sn: 1-7; Hallier sn: 1-12; 740: 1-9; Ham 2: 1-23; Hamel 1196: 1-1; Hance 13227: 1-47; Haniff & Nur 4363: 1-45; 7077: 1-42; Heifer (Rel Heifer) 145: 1-45; Heifer 6143/1: 1-30; 6309: 1-45; Helms sn: IV-2; Henderson 22960: 1-23; SF 22083: : ; 1-42; 24105: : ; 1-42; 29683: 1-42; Hochreutiner 2439: 1-2; Hollrung 836: 1-33; Holman 54: 1-38; Holttum 28411: 1-41; SF 37793: 1-33; Hooker 203: 1-41; 230: 1-41; Horsfield sn: 1-1; 1069: 1-12; 1073: 1-2; Miss Hose sn: 1-9; 201: 1-9; Hose sn: 1-33; 94: 1-33; 95: 1-23; Hullett sn: 1-9, 1-45; Hume 7333: 1-33; 7347: 1-33; 7391: 1-33; 7711: 1-33 Iboet 358a: 1-10 Jacobson 2526: 1-12; Japing 19: IV-4; Jenkins 212: 1-41; Joehems sn: 1-38; 251: 1-12; 3154: 1-13; Joseph sn: 1-48; Junghuhn sn: 1-36; 412: 1-12; 532: 1-36 Kamphoevener 2484: 1-21; 2485: 1-21; 2785: 1-45; Kanehira & Hatusima 13182: 1-6; 13683: 1-14; Kaudern 147: 1-14; 412: 1-13; Kern 7682: 1-12; 8149: 1-12; Kerr 7738: 1-23; 13142: 1-35; 21359: 1-50; 21361: 1-49; 21366: 1-48; Kjellberg 1-33; 3739a: 1-38; 3748: 1-6; Koch: 1-51; Kooper sn: 1-13, 1-36; 513b: 738: 1-45; 1189: 1-12; 621: 1-13; 1-38; 650b: 1-11; Koorders 14930: 1-12 ; 21430: 1-45 ; 23295: 1-12; 28244: 1-11; 34680: 40794: 1-13; 44334: 1-45; Kunstler 1690: 1-25; Kuntze 4455: 1-12; Kurz sn: 1-9; 330: 1-12; 1832: 1-12; 1842: 1-12 Labillardiere sn: 1-37; Lace 4210: 1-28; Lam 891: 1-45; 1115: 1-45; 2243: 1-12; 2245: 1-12; Landbouwleraar Djogja 24: 1-13; Landbouwopz Tundjung 7: 1-33; Lauterbaeh 247: 1-7; 348: 1-40; Lecomte & Finet 954: 1-8; 2025: 1-45; "Ledermann 7321: 1-45; Lefevre 485: 1-32; Lefroy 3: IV-2; Leschenault sn: 1-31; Lobb sn: 1-37; Loher 766: 1340: 747: 1-33; 756: 1-39; 757: 1-39; 758: 1-39, 1-41; 760: 1-20; 1-40; 1-13; 1342: 1-37; 1343: 1-24; Ldrzing 404: 1-12 ; 3482: 1-13; 4245: 1-12; 6506: 1-30; 6507: 1-30; 6643: 1-12; 6646: 1-30 ; 6725: 1-12; 7701 pp: 1-46; 7782: 1-26; 8026: 1-26; 8028: 1-1; 8030: 1-12; 8054: 1-46; 8102: 1-26; 8389: 1-1; 8436: 1-12; 8534: 1-14; 8597: 1-1; 8999: 1-12; ; 9370: 1-14; 9751: 1-47; 9935: 1-12; 10021: IV-4; 1O021A: 1-29; 10132: 1-24 MacGillivray 35: 1-16; R C MacGregor 32233: 1-6; BS 14226: 1-43; W Mac- Gregor sn: 1-6; 70: 1-36; Main 1710: 1-4; 1749: 1-4; 1813: 1-45; 1819: 1-4; 1844: 1-4; Mangubat BS 1327: 1-3; Marche 420: 1-33; Matthew sn: 1-12, 1-24, IV-4; Mearns BS 2885: 1-33; Van der Meer Mohr 151: 1-30; Mendoza PNH 18357: 1-51; D Merrill 20: 1-41; E D Merrill 241: 1-43; 261: 1-37; 2785: 1-24; 7359: 1-20; 7664: 1-5 ; 8013: 1-40; 9322: 1-33; 9350: 1-1; 9389: 1-24; 9566: : 1-33; 9799b: 1-40; 9808: 1-13; ; Merrill Phil PL 507: 1-36; 551: 1-14; 558: 1-5; 2093: 1-46; Meijer 2453a: IV-3; Meijer Drees 88: 1-21; 544: 1-45; Monod de Froideville sn: 1-12; 1714: 1-13; Motley 85: 1-9; 540: 1-45; 621: 1-24; Mousset 495: 1-13; Mueller an: 1-31 Nauen sn: 1-9; SF 37487: 1-9; Noerkas 33: 1-51; 218: 1-15; Nur sn: 1-9; 1-9; SF 4513: 1-9; 34378: : Ostendorf sn: 1-38 Perry 713: IV-2; Pierre sn: 1-24, 1-30, 1-32, 1-45, 1-47; Pleyte 1120: 1-6; Poilane pp: 1-35; Polak 90: 1-14; Posthumus 2044: 1-45; Prain's coll 65: 1-45; Proppe 24: 1-31; Pulsford 7: 1-7 Raap 96: 1-12; Radermacher sn: 1-37; Rahmat si Boeea (= Rahmat si Toroes) 1703: 1-28; 1721: 1-47; 1796: 1-29; 1898: 1-28; 2649: 1-28; 2806: 1-28; 4080: 1-33; 4081: 1-21; 7470: 1-12; 7997: 1-12; 8733: 1-12; 8757: 1-12; 9117: 1-12; Ramos BS 1388: 1-40; 1443 pp: 1-38; 4853: : ; 1-36; 4935: 1-13; 7856: 1-43; 7859: 1-24; 7894: 1-33; 8074: 1-33; 12523: 1-3; 12539: : ; 1-38; 21740: 1-51; 27232: 1-11; 27625: 1-33; 32690: 1-33; 32737: 1-7; 32742: 1-24; 32797: 1-17; 32809: 1-21; 32811: 1-6, 1-43; 41141: 1-13; 42927: 1-13; 42936: 1-33 ; 42938: 1-40; Ramos PhiL PI 1423: 1-13; 1431: 1-38; 1443: 1-40; 1447: 1-33; Ramos & Edano BS 31001: 1-40; 85126: 1-31; 85193: 1-43; Rant 619: 1-51; Rappard 142: 1-38; P 17a: 1-12; Reillo BS 19300: 1-13; Reinwardt sn: 1-12; Ridley sn: 1-9, 1-12, 1-33, 1-45; 2: 1-45; 43: 1-45; 83: 1-9; 107: 1-51; "1011": 1-51; 1268: 1-45; 1739: 1-45; 1740: 1-9; 1740a: 1-9; 1740c: 1-9; 8430: 1-9; 9042: 1-23; 10011: 1-51; 10829: 1-51; 11377: 1-24; 14820: 1-6; 14822: 1-23; 14876: 1-33; 14877: 1-24; 14878: 1-33; 14879: 1-33; 15720: 1-1; Riedel sn: 1-23; Robinson 438: 1-51; 1071: 1-22; 1894: 1-13; BS 6450: 1-51; Robinson & Kloss sn: 1-12; 118: 1-14; Rogers 3008: 1-28; Rogerson 1003: 1-33; 1005: 1-39; Rostados 41: 1-45; van Royen 3945: 1-24; 3963: 1-24; 3964: 1-33; 4124: 1-28; 4146: 1-6; 4309: 1-40; 4490: 1-33; 4574: 1-13; 4688: 1-45;