Eight species of Notopleura (Benth.) Bremek. are newly described here, all but one in Notopleura subg. Notopleura. Notopleura aurantiaca C. M. Taylor is found from Ecuador to Peru and western Brazil; N. bracteata C. M. Taylor in central Peru; N. cajamarcana C. M. Taylor in northern Peru; N. divaricata C. M. Taylor in western Colombia; N. harlingii C. M. Taylor in central Ecuador; N. kosnipatana C. M. Taylor in southern Peru; N. valenzuelae C. M. Taylor in central Peru; and N. stevensonii C. M. Taylor, which belongs to Notopleura subg. Viscagoga (Baill.) C. M. Taylor, in central Colombia. The identities of several published names that apply to species of Notopleura are clarified, new combinations are made for three older names that apply to previously described species, and several other names are newly synonymized here. Notopleura chasaliodes (Kunth) C. M. Taylor is based on Uragoga chasaliodes Kunth and is an older name for N. plagiantha (Standl.) C. M. Taylor; N. paramorum (Standl.) C. M. Taylor is based on Psychotria paramorum Standl. and is an older name for N. pithecobia (Standl.) C. M. Taylor; and N. semimetralis (K. Krause) C. M. Taylor is based on P. semimetralis K. Krause and is an older name for N. vargasiana C. M. Taylor. The identities of several other names are also newly clarified: P. albacostata Rusby is a distinct species, treated here as the new combination N. albacostata (Rusby) C. M. Taylor; Hoffmannia striata Rusby is a synonym of N. tolimensis (Wernham) C. M. Taylor; and P. dudleyi Steyerm. is a synonym of N. paramorum. Additionally, eight names are lectotypified and the nomenclatural status of Uragoga Baill. is discussed.