Pleopeltis coenosora R. C. Moran (Polypodiaceae) is described as new from Peru. It is atypical in the genus by having coenosori. It most resembles P. fraseri (Mett. ex Kuhn) A. R. Sm. because of its strongly bicolorous rhizome scales, dark brown petioles, pinnatisect laminae, and obscure veins, but differs by the fewer and wider pinnae, the wider apical segment, the more strongly dimorphic sterile and fertile leaves, and the presence of coenosori. Furthermore, the juvenile leaves of the two species differ. Those of P. coenosora remain entire until up to 12 cm long, thereafter becoming pinnatisect; those of P. fraseri become pinnatifid when only about 5 cm long.