Maximum size : 70 cm

Giant Gourami - Osphronemus goramy : Complete Fish Profile & Care Guide

The Giant Gourami (Osphronemus goramy) is a species of freshwater fish renowned for its impressive size and distinct appearance. Native to Southeast Asia this species belongs to the family Osphronemidae. Recognized for its robust build and distinctive coloring, the Giant Gourami serves as a captivating centerpiece in both public aquariums and private collections worldwide. With a maximum recorded length exceeding 70 centimeters and a lifespan of up to 20 years, these fish command attention with their sheer presence and longevity. Beyond their striking aesthetics, Giant Gouramis exhibit complex social behaviors and dietary preferences, making them an intriguing subject of study for aquarists and researchers alike.

Giant Gouramis are adaptable to being housed individually, in pairs, or in groups, contingent upon the availability of ample space. Nevertheless, it's important to note that males exhibit territorial behavior, often engaging in skirmishes, particularly heightened aggression during the breeding season. The Giant Gourami exhibits a preference for large and non-aggressive tank companions, distinguished by its charming personality which distinguishes it from many other fish species. Although generally peaceful, its formidable size can pose a potential threat to smaller fish. Thus, optimal tankmates for the Giant Gourami are those of similar size and temperament. Compatible species include Angelfish, Neons, Bala Sharks, Danios, Clown Loaches, and Knifefish. Vigilant observation of their interactions, particularly in a community tank setting, is imperative to maintain a harmonious aquatic environment.

Establishing an optimal aquarium habitat for Giant Gouramis is paramount for their overall health and welfare. Due to their substantial size, these fish necessitate a spacious tank, with a minimum recommendation of 200 gallons, although larger volumes are advantageous. Tanks featuring elongated dimensions rather than excessive height offer more conducive swimming areas. Sustaining water quality through regular changes and a robust filtration system is imperative, given the significant waste output of Giant Gouramis.

Supplementary aeration, facilitated by air stones or aerators, aids in maintaining optimal oxygen levels. Beyond aesthetic considerations, tank decorations serve a functional purpose by furnishing hiding spots essential for the fish's comfort. A well-balanced arrangement of real or artificial plants, rocks, and driftwood should be incorporated, ensuring sufficient open spaces for unhindered movement. Introducing floating plants mimics their natural habitat. Employing subdued lighting replicates the preferred environmental conditions for Giant Gouramis.

The Giant Gourami is characterized by its laterally compressed body, featuring an oval-shaped form and a blunt head. Initially, juveniles exhibit flat, pointed heads, but with maturity, they develop distinctive features such as a nuchal hump—a swollen knob on the forehead—as well as thickened lips and chin. Sporting golden-yellow bodies and fins adorned with 8 to 10 dark bars ranging from silvery-grey to bluish-black, these fish exhibit a distinctive striped appearance. However, as they progress in age, their vibrant coloration gradually fades, often transitioning to a plain brownish-black or overall pinkish-to-white hue.

Giant Gourami Photos

Sexual Dimorphism

Identifying the sex of Giant Gouramis can be achieved with relative ease, following a few distinctive physical traits. Male specimens tend to display elongated and pointed anal and dorsal fins in conjunction with a more pronounced nuchal hump on the forehead. On the other hand, female Giant Gouramis exhibit rounded anal and dorsal fins and possess a more substantial lip structure when juxtaposed with the males. This dichotomy in physical characteristics assists in the reliable differentiation between sexes within this species.

Quick Facts

Scientific Name	Osphronemus goramy
Year Described	1801
Other Names	Common Gourami, True Gourami
Kingdom	Animalia
Classification	Actinopterygii
Order	Anabantiformes
Family	Osphronemidae
Genus	Osphronemus
Origins	Thailand
Max Size	70 cm
Temperament	Peaceful
Aquarium Level	All Levels
Difficulty	Intermediate - Advanced
Shoaling	No
Best kept as	Pairs
Diet & Feeding	Omnivore
Reproduction	Egg Depositor
Average Lifespan	Up to 20 Years

Water Parameters

Water Type	Freshwater
pH	6.5 - 8.0
GH	5 - 25

Ideal Temperature
℉	68 - 86
℃	20 - 30

Natural Habitat

Endemic to Southeast Asia, the Giant Gourami boasts a vast natural range spanning Java, Borneo, Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, Indo-China, and Thailand. Flourishing in diverse environments, these remarkable fish inhabit lowland swamps, expansive rivers, marshes, lakes, and slow-moving canals with ease. During the wet season, they demonstrate adaptability by thriving in flooded forests, showcasing resilience and versatility.

Typically, habitats of the Giant Gourami are characterized by lush vegetation, providing essential shelter and nourishment. This abundant plant life contributes significantly to the well-being of these captivating creatures. The harmonious blend of serene waters and verdant foliage epitomizes the natural habitat of the Giant Gourami, offering a truly captivating spectacle.

Breeding

Giant Gouramis, akin to several Gourami species, exhibit bubble-nesting behaviour. Breeding these fish is relatively facile, although challenging to carry out in a domestic aquarium owing to the need for a substantial breeding tank. Sexual maturity for these Gouramis is achieved around six months of age. In their natural habitat, males construct an oval-shaped nest using twigs and plants, securing it to reed stems just below the water surface. These nests vary in size and have a circular entrance where the water is most profound. Typically built during April and May, these nests require approximately 8 to 10 days to construct. Following spawning, the male releases up to 3,000 eggs, lighter than water, and floats to the top. The male then gathers and places them within the nest. Incubation of the eggs typically lasts around 40 hours, after which the male guards and defends the offspring for approximately 14 days post-spawn.

Diet & Feeding

The Giant Gourami, being an omnivorous species, will readily accept a wide range of food offerings. Nevertheless, to ensure their optimal health, it is crucial to provide them with a daily diet comprising high-quality flakes and pellets. In addition to their staple diet, incorporating live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp or bloodworms into their feeding regimen from time to time can be beneficial. These protein-rich foods contribute to a balanced diet, promoting the overall health and vitality of the fish.

While these fish may also show interest in consuming cooked meat, bread, boiled potatoes, and other vegetables, it is important to remember that such offerings should only be occasional treats. The digestive system of the Giant Gourami is not adept at processing these types of foods efficiently. Hence, moderation is key when introducing these non-traditional foods into their diet.

Videos

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Other Gouramis