黧蒴栲Castanopsis fissa
中文名（Chinese Name）：黧蒴栲
学名（Scientific Name）：Castanopsis fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Rehd. et Wils.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：黧蒴锥、大叶枹
异名（Synonym）：Castanopsis tunkinensis (Drake) Barnett Castanopsis fissoides Chun et C. C. Huang ex Luong Lithocarpus fissus (Champ. ex Benth.) A. Camus Pasania fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Oerst. Quercus fissa Champion ex Bentham Quercus tunkinensis Drake Shiia fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Kudo Synaedrys fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Koidz. Synaedrys tunkinensis (Drake) Koidz. Castanea regia Hance Lithocarpus fissus var. bipoupensis A.Camus Lithocarpus fissus subsp. eufirmus A.Camus Lithocarpus fissus subsp. tunkinensis (Drake) A.Camus Pasania fissa var. tunkinensis (Drake) Hickel & A.Camus
科属（Family & Genus）：壳斗科（Fagaceae）锥属
形态特征（Description）：高约10稀达20米的乔木，胸径达60厘米。芽鳞、新生枝顶段及嫩叶背面均被红锈色细片状腊鳞及棕黄色微柔毛，嫩枝红紫色，纵沟棱明显。叶形、质地及其大小均与丝锥类同。雄花多为圆锥花序，花序轴无毛。果序长8-18厘米。壳斗被暗红褐色粉末状蜡鳞，小苞片鳞片状，三角形或四边形，幼嫩时覆瓦状排列，成熟时多退化并横向连接成脊肋状圆环，成熟壳斗圆球形或宽椭圆形，顶部稍狭尖，通常全包坚果，壳壁厚0.5-1毫米，不规则的2-3 (-4) 瓣裂，裂瓣常卷曲；坚果圆球形或椭圆形，高13-18毫米，横径11-16毫米，顶部四周有棕红色细伏毛，果脐位于坚果底部，宽4-7毫米。花期4-6月，果当年10-12月成熟。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、江西、湖南、贵州、广东、海南、香港、广西、云南。生于海拔约1600米以下山地疏林中。越南北部也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 4 Page 320
Castanopsis fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Rehder & E. H. Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 3: 203. 1916.
黧蒴锥 li shuo zhui | Fagaceae | Castanopsis
Quercus fissa Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 114. 1854; Castanopsis fissoides Chun & C. C. Huang ex Luong; C. tunkinensis (Drake) Barnett (1944), not C. tonkinensis Seemen (1897); Lithocarpus fissus (Champion ex Bentham) A. Camus; Pasania fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Oersted; Q. tunkinensis Drake; Shiia fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Kudo; Synaedrys fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Koidzumi.
Trees; bud scales, shoot apexes, and young leaf blades abaxially yellowish brown puberulent and covered with rust-colored, small, lamellate, slightly adnate, waxy scalelike trichomes. Branchlets red-purple, prominently angular. Leaves spirally arranged, yellowish brown to gray; petiole 1-2.5 cm; leaf blade oblong to obovate-elliptic, very variable in sizes, often 15-25 × 5-9 cm, thickly papery, base cuneate, margin from base to middle undulate and crenate, apex acute, acuminate, or rounded; midvein raised adaxially; secondary veins 20-28 on each side of midvein or rarely fewer. Infructescence 8-18 cm; rachis glabrous. Cupule 1-1.5 cm in diameter, irregularly 2- or 3(or 4)-valved with valves often curled, covered with dark reddish brown mealy waxy scalelike trichomes, apex slightly cuspidate, wall 0.5-1 mm thick; bracts scalelike, triangular to squarish, imbricate when young but mostly united and in ring ribs with age. Nut globose to elliptic, 1.3-1.8 × 1.1-1.6 cm, apically brown-red tomentose; scar basal, 4-7 mm in diam. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Oct-Dec.
Broad-leaved evergreen forests; below 1600 m. S Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Guizhou, Hainan, S Hunan, S Jiangxi, SE Yunnan [N Thailand, N Vietnam]
Cupule shape of this species ranges from ellipsoid to ovoid and correlates with the distribution. Ellipsoid cupules occur in Fujian, E Guangdong, Jiangxi, and Hunan, while ovoid cupules occur in more western regions such as SE Yunnan and neighboring regions, including W Hainan and NE Vietnam.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Castanopsis fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Rehd. et Wils.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：黧蒴锥、大叶枹
异名（Synonym）：Castanopsis tunkinensis (Drake) Barnett Castanopsis fissoides Chun et C. C. Huang ex Luong Lithocarpus fissus (Champ. ex Benth.) A. Camus Pasania fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Oerst. Quercus fissa Champion ex Bentham Quercus tunkinensis Drake Shiia fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Kudo Synaedrys fissa (Champ. ex Benth.) Koidz. Synaedrys tunkinensis (Drake) Koidz. Castanea regia Hance Lithocarpus fissus var. bipoupensis A.Camus Lithocarpus fissus subsp. eufirmus A.Camus Lithocarpus fissus subsp. tunkinensis (Drake) A.Camus Pasania fissa var. tunkinensis (Drake) Hickel & A.Camus
科属（Family & Genus）：壳斗科（Fagaceae）锥属
形态特征（Description）：高约10稀达20米的乔木，胸径达60厘米。芽鳞、新生枝顶段及嫩叶背面均被红锈色细片状腊鳞及棕黄色微柔毛，嫩枝红紫色，纵沟棱明显。叶形、质地及其大小均与丝锥类同。雄花多为圆锥花序，花序轴无毛。果序长8-18厘米。壳斗被暗红褐色粉末状蜡鳞，小苞片鳞片状，三角形或四边形，幼嫩时覆瓦状排列，成熟时多退化并横向连接成脊肋状圆环，成熟壳斗圆球形或宽椭圆形，顶部稍狭尖，通常全包坚果，壳壁厚0.5-1毫米，不规则的2-3 (-4) 瓣裂，裂瓣常卷曲；坚果圆球形或椭圆形，高13-18毫米，横径11-16毫米，顶部四周有棕红色细伏毛，果脐位于坚果底部，宽4-7毫米。花期4-6月，果当年10-12月成熟。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、江西、湖南、贵州、广东、海南、香港、广西、云南。生于海拔约1600米以下山地疏林中。越南北部也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 4 Page 320
Castanopsis fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Rehder & E. H. Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 3: 203. 1916.
黧蒴锥 li shuo zhui | Fagaceae | Castanopsis
Quercus fissa Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 114. 1854; Castanopsis fissoides Chun & C. C. Huang ex Luong; C. tunkinensis (Drake) Barnett (1944), not C. tonkinensis Seemen (1897); Lithocarpus fissus (Champion ex Bentham) A. Camus; Pasania fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Oersted; Q. tunkinensis Drake; Shiia fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Kudo; Synaedrys fissa (Champion ex Bentham) Koidzumi.
Trees; bud scales, shoot apexes, and young leaf blades abaxially yellowish brown puberulent and covered with rust-colored, small, lamellate, slightly adnate, waxy scalelike trichomes. Branchlets red-purple, prominently angular. Leaves spirally arranged, yellowish brown to gray; petiole 1-2.5 cm; leaf blade oblong to obovate-elliptic, very variable in sizes, often 15-25 × 5-9 cm, thickly papery, base cuneate, margin from base to middle undulate and crenate, apex acute, acuminate, or rounded; midvein raised adaxially; secondary veins 20-28 on each side of midvein or rarely fewer. Infructescence 8-18 cm; rachis glabrous. Cupule 1-1.5 cm in diameter, irregularly 2- or 3(or 4)-valved with valves often curled, covered with dark reddish brown mealy waxy scalelike trichomes, apex slightly cuspidate, wall 0.5-1 mm thick; bracts scalelike, triangular to squarish, imbricate when young but mostly united and in ring ribs with age. Nut globose to elliptic, 1.3-1.8 × 1.1-1.6 cm, apically brown-red tomentose; scar basal, 4-7 mm in diam. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Oct-Dec.
Broad-leaved evergreen forests; below 1600 m. S Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Guizhou, Hainan, S Hunan, S Jiangxi, SE Yunnan [N Thailand, N Vietnam]
Cupule shape of this species ranges from ellipsoid to ovoid and correlates with the distribution. Ellipsoid cupules occur in Fujian, E Guangdong, Jiangxi, and Hunan, while ovoid cupules occur in more western regions such as SE Yunnan and neighboring regions, including W Hainan and NE Vietnam.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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